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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • Claessens, Stijn  (2)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (2)
  • Financial Literacy  (2)
  • Social Protections and Labor
  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Klapper, Leora Resolution of Corporate Distress
    Keywords: Bank ; Bankruptcy ; Bankruptcy Filing ; Bankruptcy Filings ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Cred Creditor ; Creditors ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Earnings ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Expenses ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crisis ; Financial Distress ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Interest ; Loan ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Ownership ; Private Sector Development ; Probability ; Regression Analysis ; Stakeholders ; State University ; Bank ; Bankruptcy ; Bankruptcy Filing ; Bankruptcy Filings ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Cred Creditor ; Creditors ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Earnings ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Expenses ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crisis ; Financial Distress ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Literacy ; Interest ; Loan ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Ownership ; Private Sector Development ; Probability ; Regression Analysis ; Stakeholders ; State University
    Abstract: June 1999 - Evidence from East Asia suggests that a firm's ownership relationship with a family or bank provides insurance against the likelihood of bankruptcy during bad times, possibly at the expense of minority shareholders. Bankruptcy is more likely in countries with strong creditor rights and a good judicial system - perhaps because creditors are more likely to force a firm to file for bankruptcy. The widespread financial crisis in East Asia caused large economic shocks, which varied by degree across the region. That crisis provides a unique opportunity for investigating the factors that determine the use of bankruptcy processes in a number of economies. Claessens, Djankov, and Klapper study the use of bankruptcy in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan (China), and Thailand. These economies differ in their institutional frameworks for resolving financial distress, partly because of the different origins of their judicial systems. One difference is the strength of creditor rights, which Claessens, Djankov, and Klapper document. They expect that differences in legal enforcement and judicial efficiency should affect the resolution of financial distress. Using a sample of 4,569 publicly traded East Asian firms, they observe a total of 106 bankruptcies in 1997 and 1998. They find that: · The likelihood of filing for bankruptcy is lower for firms with ownership links to banks and families, controlling for firm and country characteristics. · Filings are more likely in countries with better judicial systems. · Filings are more likely where there are both strong creditor rights and a good judicial system. These results alone do not allow Claessens, Djankov, and Klapper to address whether increased use of bankruptcy is an efficient resolution mechanism. This paper - a product of the Financial Economics Unit, Financial Sector Practice Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to study corporate financing and governance mechanisms in emerging markets
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (35 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Fan, H.P.Joseph Diversification and Efficiency of Investment by East Asian Corporations
    Keywords: Business Segment ; Business Segments ; Capital Market ; Capital Markets ; Companies ; Company ; Corporate Control ; Corporate Growth ; Corporation ; Corporations ; Debt Markets ; Diversification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Enterprises ; Expansion ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturer ; Microfinance ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; See ; Shop ; Small Firms ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Social Protections and Labor ; Business Segment ; Business Segments ; Capital Market ; Capital Markets ; Companies ; Company ; Corporate Control ; Corporate Growth ; Corporation ; Corporations ; Debt Markets ; Diversification ; Economic Theory and Research ; Enterprises ; Expansion ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturer ; Microfinance ; Poverty Reduction ; Pro-Poor Growth ; See ; Shop ; Small Firms ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Firms in industrial countries are more likely to benefit from vertical integration and corporate diversification-learning faster and hence improving performance. Corporate diversification in less developed countries is more likely to lead to misallocation of capital. - The East Asian financial crisis has been attributed in part to the corporate diversification associated with the misallocation of capital investment toward less profitable and more risky business segments. Much anecdotal evidence to support this view has surfaced since the crisis but there was little discussion of it before the crisis. Quite the contrary: The rapid expansion of East Asian firms by entering new business segments was viewed as contributing to the East Asian miracle. Claessens, Djankov, Fan, and Lang examine the efficiency of investment by diversified corporations in nine East Asian countries, using unique panel data from more than 10,000 corporations for the pre-crisis period, 1991-96. They: ° Document the degree of diversification in the corporate sector in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan (China), and Thailand, countries that have achieved enviable rates of economic growth over the past three decades. ° Distinguish between vertical and complementary diversification and study the differences across nine countries. ° Investigate whether diversification in East Asia has hurt economic efficiency. Their study tests the learning-by-doing and misallocation-of-capital hypotheses related to the types and degrees of diversification in East Asian countries. Firms in Indonesia, Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand appear to have suffered significant negative effects of vertical integration on short-term performance; the same countries gained significant short-term benefits from complementary expansion. The results suggest that the misallocation-of-capital hypothesis is appropriate for Korea and Malaysia; the learning-by-doinghypothesis for Indonesia, Taiwan, and Thailand. Firms in more developed countries succeed in vertically integrating and improve both short-term profitability and market valuation. Firms in more developed countries are ultimately more likely to benefit from such diversification (learn faster, to improve their performance). And diversification by firms in less developed countries is subject to more misallocation of capital. This paperis a product of the Economic Policy Unit, Finance, Private Sector, and Infrastructure Network
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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