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  • 2015-2019  (169)
  • OECD  (168)
  • Baygan, Günseli
  • Dechezleprêtre, Antoine
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (167)
  • Seoul : Korea Institute of S&T Evaluation and Planning  (2)
  • Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
  • Science and Technology  (169)
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Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quels sont les Principes de l’OCDE sur l’IA ? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What are the OECD Principles on AI?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/f4b17318-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What are the OECD Principles on AI? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quels sont les Principes de l’OCDE sur l’IA ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/6ff2a1c4-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rethinking innovation for a sustainable ocean economy (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 189 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rethinking innovation for a sustainable ocean economy
    Keywords: Meeresnutzung ; Meeresschutz ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Welt ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Meeresnutzung ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: This new OECD report on the ocean economy emphasises the growing importance of science and technologies in improving the sustainable economic development of our seas and ocean. Marine ecosystems sit at the heart of many of the world’s global challenges: food, medicines, new sources of clean energy, climate regulation, job creation and inclusive growth. But we need to safeguard and improve the health of marine ecosystems to support our ever-growing use of marine resources. Innovation in science and technology will play a key role in reconciling these two objectives. This report identifies three priority areas for action based on a number of in-depth case studies: 1) approaches that produce win-win outcomes for ocean business and the ocean environment across a range of marine and maritime applications; 2) the creation of ocean-economy innovation networks; and 3) new pioneering initiatives to improve measurement of the ocean economy.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264311053-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Health in the 21st Century : Putting Data to Work for Stronger Health Systems (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264793385 , 9789264597532 , 9789264355514
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health in the 21st century
    Keywords: Gesundheitspolitik ; Datenverarbeitung ; Big Data ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Digitalisierung ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: This report explores how data and digital technology can help achieve policy objectives and drive positive transformation in the health sector while managing new risks such as privacy, equity and implementation costs. It examines the following topics: improving service delivery models; empowering people to take an active role in their health and their care; improving public health; managing biomedical technologies; enabling better collaboration across borders; and improving health system governance and stewardship. It also examines how health workforces should be equipped to make the most of digital technology. The report contains findings from surveys of OECD countries and shares a range of examples that illustrate the potential benefits as well as challenges of the digital transformation in the health sector. Findings and recommendations are relevant for policymakers, health care providers, payers, industry as well as patients, citizens and civil society.
    DOI: 10.1787/e3b23f8e-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety Assessment of Foods and Feeds Derived from Transgenic Crops, Volume 3 : Common bean, Rice, Cowpea and Apple Compositional Considerations (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264913608 , 9789264386464 , 9789264424371
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Novel Food and Feed Safety
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of foods and feeds derived from transgenic crops ; volume 3: Common bean, rice, cowpea and apple compositional considerations
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This volume compiles the consensus documents developed by the OECD Working Group for the Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds from 2015 to 2019. It deals with the composition of common bean, rice, cowpea and apple, four important crops for agriculture and food consumption worldwide. The science-based information collated here is intended for use during the regulatory assessment of food/feed products derived from modern biotechnology, i.e. issued from transgenic plants. Compositional considerations are provided for each species, including tables detailing the key nutrients, anti-nutrients, possible toxicants, allergens and other metabolites contained in the products. This essential information and solid data can be used in the comparative approach as part of the novel food/feed safety assessment. It should be of value to crop breeders and applicants for commercial uses of novel foods and feeds, to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information can be found at BioTrack Online.
    DOI: 10.1787/f04f3c98-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Digital opportunities for better agricultural policies (2019)
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264641297 , 9789264563414 , 9789264887855
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital opportunities for better agricultural policies
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Digitalisierung ; Landwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Recent digital innovations provide opportunities to deliver better policies for the agriculture sector by helping to overcome information gaps and asymmetries, lower policy-related transaction costs, and enable people with different preferences and incentives to work better together. Drawing on ten illustrative case studies and unique new data gathered via an OECD questionnaire on agri-environmental policy organisations' experiences with digital tools, this report explores opportunities to improve current agricultural and agri-environmental policies, and to deliver new, digitally enabled and information-rich policy approaches. It also considers challenges that organisations may face to make greater use of digital tools for policy, as well as new risks which increased use of digital tools may bring. The report provides practical advice on how policy makers can address challenges and mitigate risks to ensure digital opportunities for policy are realised in practice. Finally, the report briefly considers the broader regulatory and policy environment underpinning digitalisation of the agriculture sector, with the view to ensuring that use of digital tools for agricultural and agri-environmental policy remains coherent with the digitalisation of agriculture more generally.
    Note: Literaturangaben
    DOI: 10.1787/571a0812-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How's Life in the Digital Age? : Opportunities and Risks of the Digital Transformation for People's Well-being (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311800 , 9789264313330 , 9789264313323
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How's life in the digital age?
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Digitalisierung ; Sozialer Indikator ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This report documents how the ongoing digital transformation is affecting people’s lives across the 11 key dimensions that make up the How’s Life? Well-being Framework (Income and wealth, Jobs and earnings, Housing, Health status, Education and skills, Work-life balance, Civic engagement and governance, Social connections, Environmental quality, Personal security, and Subjective well-being). A summary of existing studies highlights 39 key impacts of the digital transformation on people’s well-being. The review shows that these impacts can be positive as digital technologies expand the boundaries of information availability and enhance human productivity, but can also imply risks for people’s well-being, ranging from cyber-bullying to the emergence of disinformation or cyber-hacking. In sum, making digitalisation work for people’s well-being would require building equal digital opportunities, widespread digital literacy and strong digital security. Continued research and efforts in improving statistical frameworks will be needed to expand our knowledge on the many topics covered in this report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264311800-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Supply of Medical Isotopes : An Economic Diagnosis and Possible Solutions (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264544703 , 9789264457188 , 9789264625099
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The supply of medical isotopes
    Keywords: Medizinprodukt ; Strahlentherapie ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nuklearmedizin
    Abstract: This report explores the main reasons behind the unreliable supply of Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) in health-care systems and policy options to address the issue. Tc-99m is used in 85% of nuclear medicine diagnostic scans performed worldwide – around 30 million patient examinations every year. These scans allow diagnoses of diseases in many parts of the human body, including the skeleton, heart and circulatory system, and the brain. Medical isotopes are subject to radioactive decay and have to be delivered just-in-time through a complex supply chain. However, ageing production facilities and a lack of investment have made the supply of Tc-99m unreliable. This report analyses the use and substitutability of Tc-99m in health care, health-care provider payment mechanisms for scans, and the structure of the supply chain. It concludes that the main reasons for unreliable supply are that production is not economically viable and that the structure of the supply chain prevents producers from charging prices that reflect the full costs of production and supply.
    DOI: 10.1787/9b326195-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Risk Governance Scan of Kazakhstan (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264737457
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Risk governance scan of Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Katastrophenschutz ; Katastrophe ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Sicherheit ; Strategie
    Abstract: This report presents the governance framework in Kazakhstan for managing disaster risks. A wide range of disaster risks are present throughout the national territory, primarily floods, landslides, avalanches, but also extreme cold and heatwaves. The report reviews how the central government sets up a national strategy to manage these disaster risks, and how a national risk governance framework is formulated and executed. It examines the role of the private sector and other non-governmental actors in contributing to resilience at a national and subnational level.
    DOI: 10.1787/cb82cae9-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Supporting entrepreneurship and innovation in higher education in Austria (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264816244 , 9789264679412 , 9789264874848
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Supporting entrepreneurship and innovation in higher education in Austria
    Keywords: Gründungsausbildung ; Innovation ; Hochschule ; Technologiepolitik ; Hochschulmanagement ; Österreich ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Austria
    Abstract: The Austrian higher education system has consistently recognised the need to become more entrepreneurial and innovative with a view to supporting the economic, social and cultural development of the country and its regions. Over the past decades, the government has been implementing a broad reform agenda to provide strategic funding, diversify higher education institutions (HEIs) and promote an allocation of students that improves the quality of services and empowers them vis à vis the future of work and society. This review illustrates policy actions promoting the development of entrepreneurial and innovative activities in the Higher Education System and individual HEIs. In addition, based on information gathered during study visits, the review discusses strategies and practices adopted by Austrian HEIs to innovate, engage, and generate value for their own ecosystems and networks. The review is part of a series of national reports implementing the HEinnovate framework. HEinnovate is a holistic framework that the OECD and the European Commission have developed to promote the “entrepreneurial and innovation agenda” in higher education.
    DOI: 10.1787/1c45127b-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rapport sur les données ouvertes publiques : Encourager la maturité des politiques de données ouvertes pour un impact durable (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264449961 , 9789264995673 , 9789264518797
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Open Government Data Report: Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impact
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Ce rapport offre un aperçu détaillé de l’état des politiques de données ouvertes dans les pays membres de l’OCDE et de ses partenaires, se basant principalement sur les données récoltées par les enquêtes de l’OCDE sur les données publiques ouvertes en 2013, 2014 et 2016, sur celles des revues de pays et des analyses comparatives faîtes par l’OCDE. Le rapport analyse les politiques de données ouvertes en utilisant un cadre analytique conforme à l’indice OURdata sur les données publiques ouvertes, utiles et réutilisables et à la Charte internationale des données ouvertes (International Open Data Charter). Il évalue les efforts déployés par les gouvernements pour renforcer la disponibilité, l'accessibilité et la réutilisation des données publiques ouvertes. Le rapport soutient qu’au-delà de l'engagement des pays à ouvrir des données gouvernementales de qualité, la création de valeur publique nécessite la mobilisation des différentes communautés d'utilisateurs de l'ensemble de l'écosystème, tel que les journalistes, les organisations de la société civile, les entrepreneurs, les grandes entreprises technologiques privées et les universités. Le rapport souligne également le fait que les politiques de données ouvertes sont des éléments de transformations numériques plus larges et que les politiques de données du secteur public nécessitent une interaction avec d'autres programmes publics, tels que celles du gouvernement ouvert, de l'innovation, l'emploi, l'intégrité, la budgétisation publique, le développement durable, la mobilité urbaine et les transports. Il met aussi l’accent sur la pertinence de mesurer les impacts des données ouvertes afin de soutenir l'analyse de rentabilisation (i.e. le business case) des données publiques ouvertes.
    DOI: 10.1787/12ea5027-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring the Digital Transformation : A Roadmap for the Future (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311992 , 9789264312043 , 9789264312050
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cómo medir la transformación digital : Hoja de ruta para el futuro
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring the digital transformation
    RVK:
    MS 1170
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future provides new insights into the state of the digital transformation by mapping indicators across a range of areas – from education and innovation, to trade and economic and social outcomes – against current digital policy issues, as presented in Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives. In so doing, it identifies gaps in the current measurement framework, assesses progress made towards filling these gaps and sets-out a forward-looking measurement roadmap. The goal is to expand the evidence base, as a means to lay the ground for more robust policies for growth and well-being in the digital era.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264311992-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Manuel d’Oslo 2018 : Lignes directrices pour le recueil, la communication et l’utilisation des données sur l’innovation, 4ème édition (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264871311 , 9789264640115 , 9789264335356
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Mesurer les activités scientifiques, technologiques et d'innovation
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo vadovas 2018: Duomenų apie inovacijas rinkimo, teikimo ir naudojimo gairės, Ketvirtasis Leidimas Mokslinės, technologinės ir inovacinės veiklos vertinimas
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Qu'est-ce que l'innovation et comment s'y prendre pour la mesurer ? Comprendre l'échelle des activités d'innovation, les caractéristiques des entreprises innovantes, ainsi que les facteurs internes et systémiques en jeu est une condition préalable essentielle à la mise en œuvre et l'analyse des politiques destinées à stimuler l'innovation. Paru pour la première fois en 1992, le Manuel d'Oslo s'est imposé comme une référence internationale pour la collecte et l'utilisation des données sur l'innovation. Pour cette quatrième édition, le manuel a été étoffé afin de couvrir un éventail plus large de phénomènes liés à l'innovation et de tenir compte de l'expérience acquise au fil des cycles récents des enquêtes connexes réalisées dans les pays de l'OCDE, dans les économies partenaires et par d'autres organisations.
    DOI: 10.1787/c76f1c7b-fr
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Path to Becoming a Data-Driven Public Sector (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264433045 , 9789264625273 , 9789264317635
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Axer le secteur public sur les données : marche à suivre
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The path to becoming a data-driven public sector
    RVK:
    MF 7080
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Sektor ; Digitalisierung ; E-Government ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Denmark ; Ireland ; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ; Portugal ; Sweden ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Twenty-first century governments must keep pace with the expectations of their citizens and deliver on the promise of the digital age. Data-driven approaches are particularly effective for meeting those expectations and rethinking the way governments and citizens interact. This report highlights the important role data can play in creating conditions that improve public services, increase the effectiveness of public spending and inform ethical and privacy considerations. It presents a data-driven public sector framework that can help countries or organisations assess the elements needed for using data to make better-informed decisions across public sectors.
    DOI: 10.1787/059814a7-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Digital Government in Peru : Working Closely with Citizens (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264726840
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government in Peru
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; Peru ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Peru
    Abstract: This digital government study explores the state of the digitalisation of the public sector in Peru. It addresses recent efforts to build an institutional and legal framework to support the digital transformation of the public sector. It also discusses the design and delivery of, and access to, public services, and the role that digital technologies can play in improving them. Finally, this report assesses the state of data governance and open data in Peru’s public sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/0c1eb85b-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Digital Innovation : Seizing Policy Opportunities (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264674011
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital innovation
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Innovation ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Digitalisierung ; Innovation ; Technologiepolitik
    Abstract: This report discusses how the digital transformation – digital technologies, data and software, AI-based analytics and other advances – is changing innovation processes and outcomes. It highlights the general trends across the economy and factors behind sector-specific dynamics, including increasing use of data as a key input for innovation, the expanding possibilities for experimentation offered by virtual simulation, 3D printing and other digital technologies, and the growing focus on services innovation enabled by digital technologies. In view of such changes, this report evaluates how innovation policies should adapt to foster innovation and inclusive development in the digital age, and identifies priority areas for policy action. It also explores novel innovation policy approaches implemented by countries to foster digital technology adoption and collaborative innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/a298dc87-en
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264312012 , 9789264312029 , 9789264312036
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Vers le numérique : Forger des politiques au service de vies meilleures
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Den digitalen Wandel gestalten, das Leben verbessern
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Going digital
    RVK:
    MS 1170
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Digital technologies and data are transformational. People, firms and governments live, interact, work and produce differently than in the past, and these changes are accelerating rapidly. How can we realise the immense promises of digital technologies and data for growth and well-being in a fast evolving world? This report charts the road ahead. It identifies seven policy dimensions that allow governments – together with citizens, firms and stakeholders – to shape digital transformation to improve lives. It also highlights key opportunities, challenges and policies related to each dimension, offers new insights, evidence and analysis, and provides recommendations for better policies in the digital age.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264312012-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 18
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    Online Resource
    Inovācijas, lauksaimniecības produktivitāte un ilgtspējība Latvijā (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264864689
    Language: Latvian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (215 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvijai, kas ir Eiropas Savienības dalībvalsts kopš 2004. gada, ir maza, dinamiska un atvērta ekonomika, kas veiksmīgi pārgājusi no centrālās plānošanas uz tirgus ekonomiku. Uzsāktās reformas ir veicinājušas progresu, lai gan kopumā no zema starta līmeņa un lauksaimniecībā lēnākā tempā nekā ekonomikā kopumā. Šajā ziņojumā aplūkoti apstākļi, kādos Latvijas pārtikas un lauksaimniecības nozares saimniecības un uzņēmumi veic inovācijas, lai kļūtu produktīvāki un videi draudzīgāki. Tajā apzinātas iespējas, kā arī problēmas, kas vēl jārisina. To skaitā ir prasmju nepietiekamība, emigrācija un iedzīvotāju skaita samazināšanās, kā arī iedzīvotāju un pakalpojumu koncentrācija pilsētās, kas skar visu tautsaimniecību. Nozares līmenī ir problēmas ar lauksaimniecības atbalsta maksājumu izmantošanu nekomerciālu saimniecību atbalstam un augsts neapmaksātā darbaspēka līmenis lauku saimniecībās. Risinot šīs problēmas, lauksaimniecības inovācijas var izmantot, lai uzlabotu nozares produktivitāti, kā arī pārtikas sistēmas ilgtspēju un efektivitāti. Šajā pārskatā sniegti vairāki ieteikumi, kas ļautu lauksaimniecības politikai veicināt labi funkcionējošu inovācijas sistēmu, kura spētu risināt nākotnes problēmas.
    DOI: 10.1787/279bde8c-lv
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  • 19
    Online Resource
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    L’intelligence artificielle dans la société (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264686823 , 9789264943124 , 9789264353343
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Künstliche Intelligenz in der Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 사회 속의 인공지능
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Artificial Intelligence in Society
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Le paysage technique de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) s’est métamorphosé depuis 1950, lorsqu’Alan Turing s’interrogeait pour la première fois sur la capacité des machines à penser. Aujourd’hui, l’IA transforme les économies et les sociétés. Elle promet de générer des gains de productivité, d’améliorer le bien-être et de contribuer à apporter des solutions aux défis mondiaux que sont, par exemple, le changement climatique, l’épuisement des ressources et les crises sanitaires. Cependant, à l’heure où ces applications sont adoptées à travers le monde, leur utilisation soulève un certain nombre d’interrogations et de difficultés ayant trait, entre autres, aux valeurs humaines, à l’équité, à la détermination humaine, à la protection de la vie privée, à la sécurité et à la responsabilité. Le présent rapport contribue à faire émerger une compréhension commune de l’IA, sous sa forme actuelle et dans son évolution à court terme, à travers des relevés du paysage technique, économique, pratique et réglementaire de l’IA et la mise en évidence de grandes considérations de politique publique. Il contribue également à un débat coordonné et cohérent entre les diverses enceintes nationales et internationales.
    DOI: 10.1787/b7f8cd16-fr
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    Enhancing Access to and Sharing of Data : Reconciling Risks and Benefits for Data Re-use across Societies (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264704626 , 9789264317208 , 9789264660656
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (135 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing access to and sharing of data
    Keywords: Informationsmanagement ; Datenverarbeitung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines the opportunities of enhancing access to and sharing of data (EASD) in the context of the growing importance of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. It discusses how EASD can maximise the social and economic value of data re-use and how the related risks and challenges can be addressed. It highlights the trade-offs, complementarities and possible unintended consequences of policy action – and inaction. It also provides examples of EASD approaches and policy initiatives in OECD countries and partner economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/276aaca8-en
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  • 21
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    University-Industry Collaboration : New Evidence and Policy Options (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264778375
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als University-industry collaboration
    Keywords: Forschungskooperation ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Forschungskooperation
    Abstract: This report discusses challenges and opportunities in assessing the impacts of science-industry knowledge exchange on innovation. The report provides new evidence on joint industry-science patenting activity and academic start-ups, as well as on the impact of geographical proximity between research institutions and industry on local innovation. The report explores the complex set of knowledge-transfer channels, such as collaborative research, co-patenting, academic spinoffs, and their relative importance across science fields and industry sectors. It also experiments with using labour force survey data to assess the contributions of graduates in social sciences to different industries. Different policy mixes are used in OECD countries to stimulate science-industry knowledge transfer. This report presents a taxonomy of 21 policy instruments, which include grants for collaborative university-industry research and financial support to university spin-offs, and discusses their possible positive and negative interactions. Based on a number of country case studies, the report also sheds light on new policy approaches to support spin-off creation. The report also explores recent trends on the governance of public research of high relevance to science-industry knowledge transfer using newly developed policy indicators for 35 OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/e9c1e648-en
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  • 22
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    Unpacking E-commerce : Business Models, Trends and Policies (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264784185 , 9789264689626 , 9789264963399
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Unpacking e-commerce
    Keywords: Online-Handel ; Geschäftsmodell ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Electronic Shopping ; Online-Shop ; Geschäftsmodell
    Abstract: As digital transformation has accelerated, the e-commerce landscape has become increasingly dynamic. New players have emerged at the same time that established actors have taken on new roles; some barriers to e-commerce at the firm, individual and country levels have been overcome, while other barriers have emerged. Innovative business models have transformed buyer-seller relationships and pushed out the frontier of what is possible to buy and sell online. This report analyses new and emerging e-commerce business models, examines e-commerce trends along a range of dimensions, and offers new insights on the policies needed to exploit the opportunities and mitigate the challenges of unlocking the potential of e-commerce for all.
    DOI: 10.1787/23561431-en
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  • 23
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    Shaping the Digital Transformation in Latin America : Strengthening Productivity, Improving Lives (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264762428
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perfilando la transformación digital en América Latina : Mayor productividad para una vida mejor
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report discusses policies and approaches to spur sustainable and inclusive digital transformation in the LAC region across seven action areas: enhancing access to digital technologies; strengthening their effective use; enabling digital innovation; ensuring quality jobs for all; promoting an inclusive digital society; strengthening trust; and fostering market openness. The report also aims to contribute to the preparation of an action plan that will support the region’s efforts to reap the benefits of the digital transformation. This publication was prepared to support the discussions of the OECD Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Programme’s Third Ministerial Summit on Productivity “Harnessing the Digital Transformation to Boost Productivity in in Latin America and the Caribbean”. It draws on OECD work on carried out in the context of the Going Digital project, as well as a range of work specific to the LAC region, such as the OECD-IDB report Broadband Policies for Latin America and the Caribbean, the OECD Reviews of Telecommunication Policies in Mexico and Colombia, and the OECD Going Digital Reviews of Colombia and Brazil.
    DOI: 10.1787/8bb3c9f1-en
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  • 24
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    OECD Review of Higher Education, Research and Innovation: Portugal (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264308138 , 9789264390973 , 9789264814479
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of higher education, research and innovation
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Innovation ; Technologie ; Hochschulpolitik ; Produktivität ; Portugal ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Hochschule ; Innovation ; Technologie ; Hochschulpolitik
    Abstract: Portugal aims to develop a more innovative, inclusive and productive economy, and to ensure that the ensuing benefits are widely distributed, regionally and socially. This report assesses the extent to which Portugal’s higher education, research and innovation system is well configured to help Portugal achieve its vision of inclusive innovation, and identify which policy options might help it achieve its goals. The assessment and the related recommendations focus on: 1) governance, strategy and funding in higher education, research and innovation; 2) the missions, profiles and use of resources of higher education institutions; 3) undergraduate and master’s level education activities; 4) doctoral training activities; 5) academic careers; 6) high-skill employment and business innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264308138-en
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  • 25
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    The Space Economy in Figures : How Space Contributes to the Global Economy (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264987272 , 9789264805958 , 9789264550100
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The space economy in figures
    Keywords: Raumfahrt ; Luftfahrtindustrie ; Welt ; Education ; Energy ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Raumfahrt ; Luft- und Raumfahrtindustrie
    Abstract: The space economy is expanding and becoming increasingly global, driven by the development of ever-more governmental space programmes around the world, the multiplication of commercial actors in value chains, durable digitalisation trends, and new space systems coming of age. This report describes these emerging trends using new and internationally comparable data and indicators. It highlights the growing importance of space activities for the economy, for developing country strategies (based on original official development assistance statistics), for the pursuit of knowledge and scientific discoveries, and for society in general. To get the most out of space investments and promote sustained socio-economic growth, this report provides some recommendations to countries in building up their statistical evidence on space actors and activities.
    DOI: 10.1787/c5996201-en
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    An Introduction to Online Platforms and Their Role in the Digital Transformation (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264559547
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als An introduction to online platforms and their role in the digital transformation
    Keywords: Digitale Plattform ; Digitalisierung ; Science and Technology ; Dienst ; Internet ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Online platforms support so many of our daily activities that we have become dependent on them in our personal and professional lives. We rely on them to buy and sell goods and services, to find information online and to keep in touch with each other. We use them for entertainment, news, transportation, accommodation, finding jobs and employees, finding apps and for many other purposes. Online platforms have also raised new and important policy questions, but the businesses themselves can be more complex than they appear so they are not always well understood. This report contains detailed profiles of twelve of the world’s leading platform companies and derives insights from those profiles about what platforms actually do, how they do it, and why they succeed financially. For example, the report finds that although platforms tend to have a number of economic characteristics in common, they also vary so greatly that they cannot be compartmentalised into just a few categories, let alone a single sector. Moreover, they do not all succeed for the same reasons. In addition, although the major Chinese platforms still have a low profile within the OECD, they are in the process of expanding globally and deserve more attention.
    DOI: 10.1787/53e5f593-en
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  • 27
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    Pharmaceutical Residues in Freshwater : Hazards and Policy Responses (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264977419 , 9789264504684 , 9789264535442
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pharmaceutical residues in freshwater
    Keywords: Arzneimittel ; Wasserversorgung ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Wasserverschmutzung ; Arzneimittel
    Abstract: This report calls for a better understanding of the effects of pharmaceutical residues in the environment, greater international collaboration and accountability distribution, and policy actions to prevent and remedy emerging concerns. Laboratory and field tests show traces of oral contraceptives causing the feminisation of fish and amphibians, and residues of psychiatric drugs altering fish behaviour. Antimicrobial resistance, linked to the overuse of antibiotics, has rapidly escalated into a global health crisis. Unless adequate measures are taken to manage the risks, pharmaceutical residues will increasingly be released into the environment as ageing populations, advances in healthcare, and intensification of meat and fish production spur the demand for pharmaceuticals worldwide. The report outlines a collective, life-cycle approach to managing pharmaceuticals in the environment. A policy mix of source-directed, use-orientated and end-of-pipe measures, involving several policy sectors, can help to improve health and protect the environment.
    DOI: 10.1787/c936f42d-en
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    Artificial Intelligence in Society (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264545199 , 9789264925434 , 9789264366039
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Künstliche Intelligenz in der Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 사회 속의 인공지능
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’intelligence artificielle dans la société
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Artificial intelligence in society
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Gesellschaft ; Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises. Yet, as AI applications are adopted around the world, their use can raise questions and challenges related to human values, fairness, human determination, privacy, safety and accountability, among others. This report helps build a shared understanding of AI in the present and near-term by mapping the AI technical, economic, use case and policy landscape and identifying major public policy considerations. It is also intended to help co-ordination and consistency with discussions in other national and international fora.
    DOI: 10.1787/eedfee77-en
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    ¿Cómo va la vida en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264182752 , 9789264736351 , 9789264773646
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How's Life in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: Este informe evalúa el bienestar en los cuatro aglomerados urbanos más grandes de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina) y proporciona recomendaciones de políticas para fortalecer las prácticas de desarrollo regional y, en última instancia, mejorar el bienestar de las personas. Utilizando alrededor de 30 indicadores, el informe analiza el desempeño de los aglomerados de Córdoba en 12 dimensiones de bienestar en comparación con 391 regiones de 36 países de la OCDE y 98 regiones de Brasil, Perú, Colombia y Costa Rica. El informe también documenta las desigualdades de bienestar entre los cuatro aglomerados de Córdoba y sugiere tres áreas prioritarias en las que la provincia debería enfocarse para abordar los desafíos de bienestar: i) asegurar que los indicadores de bienestar sirven para guiar la toma de decisiones en el futuro; ii) continuar fortaleciendo y modernizando el sistema estadístico provincial para expandir la base y uso de evidencia; y iii) fortalecer los mecanismos e instituciones de gobernanza para promover un desarrollo regional efectivo, eficiente e inclusivo.
    DOI: 10.1787/91dd813a-es
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    Vers le numérique : Forger des politiques au service de vies meilleures (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264815834 , 9789264924369 , 9789264592131
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Den digitalen Wandel gestalten, das Leben verbessern
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Ce rapport aide les décideurs politiques à optimiser les bénéfices de la transformation numérique pour tous, à favoriser la croissance et améliorer le bien-être. Il reflète les travaux réalisés dans le cadre du projet de l’OCDE sur la transformation numérique durant la période 2017-18 et d’autres travaux de l’OCDE dans ce domaine. Le rapport identifie les vecteurs de la transformation numérique, ainsi que des questions à mieux cerner. Il offre une vision économique et sociale holistique de ses implications sur les tendances clés, leurs effets, et les questions politiques qui en découlent, lesquelles doivent être coordonnées à travers des domaines différents. En outre, le rapport établit un agenda numérique ambitieux pour l’OCDE et au-delà.
    DOI: 10.1787/7cba1873-fr
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    How's Life in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264704541 , 9789264980709 , 9789264779822
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ¿Cómo va la vida en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How's life in the province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Sozialer Indikator ; Regionalökonomik ; Stadtökonomik ; Cordoba (Argentinien, Provinz) ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: This report assesses well-being in the four largest urban agglomerations of the province of Córdoba and provides policy recommendations to strengthen regional development practices, and ultimately improve people’s well-being. Using around 30 statistical indicators, the report analyses the performance of Córdoba’s agglomerations in 12 well-being dimensions in comparison with 391 regions of 36 OECD countries and 98 regions of Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Costa Rica. The report also documents the well-being inequalities between Córdoba’s four agglomerations and suggests three priorities areas which the province should focus on to tackle well-being challenges: i) Ensure that well-being indicators guide future decision-making; ii) Continue strengthening and modernising the provincial statistical system to expand the evidence-base; and, iii) Strengthen governance arrangements for more effective, efficient and inclusive regional development policy outcomes.
    DOI: 10.1787/97f189b1-en
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264449756 , 9789264312524 , 9789264727359
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Inovācijas, lauksaimniecības produktivitāte un ilgtspējība Latvijā
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Latvia
    Keywords: Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Nachhaltigkeit ; !09137510X!f ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvia, a member of the European Union since 2004, is a small, dynamic and open economy that has successfully transitioned from central planning to a market economy. The reforms undertaken have driven progress, although from generally low levels and at a slower pace in agriculture than for the economy as a whole. This report examines the conditions under which farms and businesses in the food and agriculture sector in Latvia undertake innovation to become more productive and environmentally sustainable. It identifies opportunities as well as challenges that need to be addressed. These include economy wide skills shortage, emigration and population decline and urban concentration of population and services. At the sectoral level, these include the use of agricultural payments to support a large number of non-commercial farms and the high level of unpaid farm labour. To meet these challenges, agricultural innovation can be harnessed to improve the sector’s productivity, as well as the sustainability and efficiency of the food system. This report provides a series of recommendations that should allow agricultural policies to contribute to a well-functioning innovation system that can meet the challenges that lie ahead.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264312524-en
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    Digital Government Review of Sweden : Towards a Data-driven Public Sector (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264489158 , 9789264584877 , 9789264554290
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Sweden
    Keywords: E-Government ; Schweden ; Agriculture and Food ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Behörde ; E-Government
    Abstract: This digital government review asseses the state of data-driven policies and initiatives in the Swedish public sector. It explores the underlying institutional governance and co-ordination arrangements for digital government in the country, and their impact on policy implementation. It also discusses data-sharing and managing initiatives, data governance and open government data practices. The review looks at how Sweden could better share knowledge, promote innovation and improve collaboration both across the public sector and with external stakeholders. Finally, it highlights how the government can use data to build a closer relationship with citizens in order to address policy challenges, improve public service delivery, and, ultimately, strengthen public trust.
    DOI: 10.1787/4daf932b-en
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    Good Governance for Critical Infrastructure Resilience (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264591134 , 9789264410503 , 9789264988521
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good governance for critical infrastructure resilience
    Keywords: Infrastrukturpolitik ; Good Governance ; Risikomanagement ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Critical infrastructures are the backbone of modern, interconnected economies. The disruption of key systems and essential services - such as telecommunications, energy or water supply, transportation or finance - can cause substantial economic damage. This report looks at how to boost critical infrastructure resilience in a dynamic risk landscape, and discusses policy options and governance models to promote up-front resilience investments. Based on an international survey, the report analyses the progressive shift of critical infrastructure policies from asset protection to system resilience. The findings are reflected in a proposed Policy Toolkit for the Governance of Critical Infrastructure Resilience, which can guide governments in taking a more coherent, preventive approach to protecting and sustaining essential services.
    DOI: 10.1787/02f0e5a0-en
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    AI : intelligent machines, smart policies : conference summary : this document contains a summary of the proceedings of the Conference Entitled "AI: Intelligent Machines, Smart Policies”, held at the OECD headquarters in Paris, France, on 26-27 October 2017 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 270 (August 2018)
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Sozialer Wandel ; OECD-Staaten-seitig ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: This report reflects discussions at the OECD conference “AI: Intelligent Machines, Smart Policies” held in Paris on 26-27 October, 2017. After discussing the state of Artificial intelligence (AI) research – in particular ‘machine learning’ –, speakers illustrated the opportunities that AI provides to improve economies and societies, in areas ranging from scientific discovery and satellite data analysis to music creation. There was broad agreement that the rapid development of AI calls for national and international policy frameworks that engage all stakeholders. Discussions focused on the need for policy to facilitate the adoption of AI systems to promote innovation and growth, help address global challenges, and boost jobs and skills development, while at the same time establishing appropriate safeguards to ensure that AI systems are human-centric and benefit people broadly. Transparency and oversight, algorithmic discrimination and privacy abuses were key concerns, as were new liability, responsibility, security and safety questions.
    DOI: 10.1787/f1a650d9-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Bridging the rural digital divide (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 71 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 265 (February 2018)
    Keywords: Digitale Spaltung ; Ländlicher Raum ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This document examines recent policy and technology approaches to bridging the digital divide in rural and remote areas in OECD countries. First, it discusses issues related to assessing broadband gaps, defining speeds and establishing national targets. Second, it describes policies being implemented to improve both access and uptake, such as fostering competition, promoting national, rural and community-led broadband initiatives, supporting open access policies and reducing deployment costs. Finally, it briefly reviews technological developments that are likely to influence the provision of services in underserved areas. Experience in OECD countries with fibre optics, coaxial cable, copper, fixed and mobile wireless, satellites and hybrid approaches, as well as with emerging technologies, are used to illustrate some of the technological trends discussed. This document also includes a summary of common challenges and good practices to bring improved communication services to individuals and communities in rural and remote areas.
    DOI: 10.1787/852bd3b9-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Consumer product safety in the internet of things (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 267 (March 2018)
    Keywords: Internet der Dinge ; Produktsicherheit ; Verbraucherpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: In addition to offering greater product choice and convenience to consumers, the IoT is expected to revolutionise the way product design, manufacturing, and product delivery processes are monitored, analysed and improved, including remotely. This report describes current and emerging IoT developments that may have implications for consumer product safety policy design and enforcement. It describes the opportunities afforded by the IoT to enhance the quality of products, help prevent consumer product safety hazards or damage, and to create better ways to manage safety in the supply chain and the marketplace. The report also draws attention to the potential for the IoT to give rise to new safety risks, and questions about whether existing liability and product safety regulatory regimes are adequate.
    DOI: 10.1787/7c45fa66-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Consumer policy and the smart home (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 268 (April 2018)
    Keywords: Gebäudemanagement ; Internet der Dinge ; Verbraucherpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The “smart home” looks set to be the arena in which many people will utilise consumer-facing Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for the first time. A new generation of familiar household devices and appliances (e.g. washing machines) are becoming “smart” through the addition of sensors, software and Internet connections. They are entering the home alongside innovative IoT era devices (e.g. smart speakers) – often integrating with them to form smart residential systems (e.g. relating to energy, entertainment and home security). This report outlines the key consumer benefits and risks associated with Internet of Things (IoT) devices in the “smart home”. The benefits include convenience, customisation and control. However, there are potential risks for smart home residents such as data privacy and cybersecurity threats, limitations on interoperability, the need for lifetime product support, complex supply chains and liability regimes, and product safety.
    DOI: 10.1787/e124c34a-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 39
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    Consumer protection enforcement in a global digital marketplace (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 266 (March 2018)
    Keywords: Online-Handel ; Internationale Geschäftsbeziehungen ; Verbraucherschutz ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report examines information on consumer protection enforcement authorities of OECD member and non-member countries, especially on the ability of these authorities to co-operate across borders. It is based on questionnaire responses from 31 countries, supplemented by additional research. It has been prepared to support a review of the 2003 OECD Recommendation of the Council concerning Guidelines for Protecting Consumers from Fraudulent and Deceptive Commercial Practices across Borders. It will also inform work to implement the 2016 OECD Recommendation of the Council on Consumer Protection in E-Commerce, which contains updated provisions on enforcement co-operation.
    DOI: 10.1787/f041eead-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 40
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    La course à l’excellence dans la publication scientifique (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The race for excellence in scientific publishing
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/cdf3960c-fr
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  • 41
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    The race for excellence in scientific publishing (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La course à l’excellence dans la publication scientifique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/3a7056d4-en
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  • 42
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    OECD Observer Roundtable on local firms and automation (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/edb193aa-en
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  • 43
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    Improving online disclosures with behavioural insights (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 269 (April 2018)
    Keywords: Unternehmenspublizität ; Online-Marketing ; Verhaltensökonomik ; Verbraucherpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report looks at how behavioural insights can be used to improve online information disclosures for consumers. The report is the latest contribution to work by the OECD’s Committee on Consumer Policy on improving consumer policy with behavioural insights. Behavioural insights incorporate findings from economics, psychology, neuroscience and marketing to better understand how individuals and businesses actually behave in the marketplace. While the role of information disclosure policies is clear in empowering consumers to make informed decisions when shopping online, findings from behavioural insights raise questions about the usefulness of certain forms of information disclosure. This report looks at these concerns and the subsequent policy implications.
    DOI: 10.1787/39026ff4-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 44
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    Les défis fiscaux soulevés par la numérisation de l'économie - rapport intérimaire 2018 : Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301627
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Series Statement: Projet OCDE/G20 sur l'érosion de la base d'imposition et le transfert de bénéfices
    Keywords: Taxation ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Endiguer l’érosion de la base d’imposition et le transfert de bénéfices (BEPS) est une priorité absolue pour les pouvoirs publics des pays du monde entier. En 2013, les pays de l’OCDE et du G20 ont adopté un Plan d’action en 15 points, à l’élaboration duquel ils ont œuvré de concert et sur un pied d’égalité, pour lutter contre l’érosion de la base d’imposition et le transfert de bénéfices. Le projet BEPS réalisé sous l’égide de l’OCDE et du G20, vise à assurer aux États des recettes budgétaires face à une fiscalité en phase avec l’évolution des activités économiques et la création de valeur, mais aussi à créer, dans le domaine de la fiscalité internationale, un ensemble unique de règles faisant l’objet d’un consensus pour combattre l’érosion de la base d’imposition et le transfert de bénéfices, et partant, à protéger l’assiette imposable tout en offrant aux contribuables une prévisibilité et une certitude accrues. En 2016, l’OCDE et le G20 ont créé le Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS pour permettre aux pays et aux juridictions intéressés d’œuvrer avec les pays membres de l’OCDE et du G20 au développement de normes concernant les questions relatives au BEPS tout en veillant à la mise en œuvre du paquet BEPS de manière cohérente. Plus de 100 pays et juridictions ont rejoint le Cadre inclusif. Ce rapport intérimaire réalisé sous l’égide du Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS de l’OCDE et du G20 s’inscrit dans la continuité des travaux ayant abouti au Rapport de 2015 sur l’Action 1 du projet BEPS consacré aux défis fiscaux posés par l’économie numérique. Il présente un état des lieux concernant l’orientation convenue des travaux du Cadre inclusif sur la numérisation de l’économie et les règles fiscales internationales d’ici 2020. Le rapport décrit également les répercussions de la transformation numérique sur d’autres aspects du système fiscal, en mettant à disposition des autorités fiscales de nouveaux outils, ce qui se matérialise par une amélioration des services proposés aux contribuables, de l’efficacité du prélèvement de l’impôt, et de la détection de l’évasion fiscale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264301627-fr
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  • 45
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Estonia (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264288744
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Estonia
    Keywords: Agrartechnik ; Ernährungsindustrie ; Innovation ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Estland ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Estonia
    Abstract: Estonian agriculture has undergone significant growth and structural change since the 1990s in a policy and regulatory environment that has been mostly supportive of investment. The implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy has contributed to the modernisation of the country's agriculture, leading to high productivity growth with relatively limited environmental pressure. High educational levels and strong public research institutions have also provided a fertile environment for innovation in Estonia, although Estonian agri-food companies struggle to participate in food and agricultural research activities. Attracting and retaining people in the agriculture sector at a time of growing labour and skills shortages in rural areas is an increasing challenge. Further innovation and adaptation will be needed to sustain and expand agriculture and food in Estonia.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264288744-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 46
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    Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalisation -Interim Report 2018 : Inclusive Framework on BEPS (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264293083
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (207 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tax challenges arising from digitalisation - interim report 2018
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Steuerpolitik ; Steuerwirkung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Internationale Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; G-20-Staaten ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuerpolitik ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: This interim report of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS is a follow-up to the work delivered in 2015 under Action 1 of the BEPS Project on addressing the tax challenges of the digital economy. It sets out the Inclusive Framework’s agreed direction of work on digitalisation and the international tax rules through to 2020. It describes how digitalisation is also affecting other areas of the tax system, providing tax authorities with new tools that are translating into improvements in taxpayer services, improving the efficiency of tax collection and detecting tax evasion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264293083-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 47
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    Revue du gouvernement numérique du Maroc : Jeter les bases de la transformation numérique du secteur public au Maroc (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299917
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Digital Government Review of Morocco: Laying the Foundations for the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector in Morocco
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Morocco
    Abstract: Le Maroc vis à devenir un important centre industriel au niveau de l’Afrique. Pour ce faire, le pays prend des mesures pour transformer son administration et assurer la croissance durable de son économie et société numériques émergentes. Cette revue analyse les efforts en cours pour intégrer les technologies numériques dans le secteur public, et fournit des conseils politiques pour soutenir le Royaume du Maroc dans la mise en œuvre d'une politique gouvernementale stratégique numérique.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299917-fr
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  • 48
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    Promovendo a Transformação Digital dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa e Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL) (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264311084 , 9789264311091 , 9789264307155
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting the Digital Transformation of African Portuguese-Speaking Countries and Timor-Leste
    Keywords: Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Timor-Leste
    Abstract: As administrações públicas dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa e Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL) fizeram progressos significativos na mobilização de tecnologias digitais para a promoção da eficiência interna, simplificação de procedimentos e melhoria da prestação de serviços públicos. No entanto, o total aproveitamento dessas tecnologias para estimular o crescimento, a produtividade e emprego, assim como para assegurar a prestação de serviços públicos, requer uma transição profunda de abordagens centradas na promoção da eficiência para abordagens assentes na iniciativa dos cidadãos. O presente estudo comparado da transformação digital dos sectores públicos em Angola, Cabo Verde, Guiné-Bissau, Moçambique, São Tomé e Príncipe e Timor-Leste analisa os progressos no desenvolvimento do governo digital e propõe a adoção de estratégias que possibilitem políticas e abordagens de governo digital mais eficazes, colaborativas e sustentáveis na região PALOP-TL. As recomendações formuladas abordam três domínios centrais: soluções digitais para o exercício de funções essenciais de governo, bases para um governo digital e serviços digitais para cidadãos e empresas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307155-pt
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    Scientific Advice During Crises : Facilitating Transnational Co-operation and Exchange of Information (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307650 , 9789264307667 , 9789264304413
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Scientific advice during crises
    Keywords: Beratung ; Wissenschaftler ; Krisenmanagement ; Welt ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report looks at how scientific advice can best support crisis management during transnational crises, such as those provoked by natural hazards or pandemics. Scientific advice has an important role to play in all phases of the crisis management cycle - preparedness, response and recovery. It can be particularly valuable during the sense-making period when a crisis occurs and develops. However, this value is dependent on the quality and timeliness of the advice and most importantly its relevance to the decisions that crisis managers and policy-makers have to make during a crisis. Generating rigorous scientific advice requires access to relevant data, information and expertise, across scientific disciplines and across borders. Ensuring this advice is useful requires effective connections between scientific advisory processes and crisis management mechanisms, including at the international level.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264304413-en
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  • 50
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    Frascati-Handbuch 2015 : Leitlinien für die Erhebung und Meldung von Daten über Forschung und experimentelle Entwicklung (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264291638
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (476 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual de Frascati 2015 : Guía para la recopilación y presentación de información sobre la investigación y el desarrollo experimental
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Frascati vadovas 2015: Mokslinių tyrimų ir eksperimentinės plėtros duomenų rinkimo bei teikimo rekomendacijos
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Frascati Manual 2015: Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Frascati Manual 2015: Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Podręcznik Frascati 2015: Zalecenia dotyczące pozyskiwania i prezentowania danych z zakresu działalności badawczej i rozwojowej, Pomiar działalności naukowo-technicznej i innowacyjnej
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manuel de Frascati 2015 : Lignes directrices pour le recueil et la communication des données sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Als international anerkanntes Standardwerk zur Methodik der Erhebung und Verwendung von FuE-Statistiken ist das Frascati-Handbuch der OECD ein wesentliches Instrument für Statistiker und wissenschafts- und innovationspolitische Entscheidungsträger weltweit. Es umfasst Definitionen der grundlegenden Konzepte, Leitlinien für die Datenerhebung und Klassifikationen für die Erfassung von FuE-Statistiken. Diese aktualisierte Ausgabe des Handbuchs enthält überarbeitete Leitlinien, die den jüngsten Veränderungen bei der Durchführung und Finanzierung von FuE sowie der verstärkten Nutzung von FuE-Statistiken und -Definitionen Rechnung tragen. Darüber hinaus bietet die vorliegende Ausgabe neue Kapitel zu den praktischen Aspekten der Erhebung von FuE-Daten in verschiedenen Sektoren ebenso wie neue Leitlinien für die Erfassung verschiedener Aspekte der staatlichen FuE-Förderung, wie z.B. Steueranreize.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264291638-de
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    Revisión del Gobierno Digital en Colombia : Hacia un Sector Público Impulsado por el Ciudadano (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264292147
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Digital Government Review of Colombia: Towards a Citizen-Driven Public Sector
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Abstract: El presente e estudio analiza la transición del gobierno electrónico al gobierno digital en Colombia. Se estudia el marco de gobernanza del gobierno digital, el uso de las plataformas digitales y de los datos abiertos para lograr el compromiso y la colaboración con los ciudadanos, las condiciones necesarias para un sector público impulsado por los datos, y la coherencia de las políticas en un contexto de diferencias territoriales significativas. Asimismo, se proporcionan recomendaciones de política concretas sobre el modo en que las tecnologías digitales y los datos pueden ser utilizados a fin de generar políticas y servicios impulsados por el ciudadano.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264292147-es
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    OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation: Going Digital in Sweden (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302259
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD reviews of digital transformation
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Schweden ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Sweden
    Abstract: OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation: Going Digital in Sweden analyses recent developments of the digital economy in the country, reviews policies related to digitalisation and makes recommendations to increase policy coherence in this area. The report examines recent developments in infrastructures for the digital economy, telecom markets and related regulations and policies in Sweden. It reviews trends in the use of digital technologies by individuals, businesses and the government, and examines policies to foster diffusion. Digital security policies are discussed with a view to assess its strengths and limitations. The report also examines opportunities and challenges raised by digitalisation in key areas and analyses policy responses to these changes. The areas covered range from global value chains and innovation to jobs, skills and work in the digital economy. The report reconsiders these policies in relation to their coherence among different domains and in order to foster synergies across government ministries, levels and institutions, based on the policy framework of the OECD-wide "Going Digital: Making the Transformation Work for Growth and Well-being" project.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302259-en
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    L' articulation entre productivité et inclusivité (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264293021
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Productivity-Inclusiveness Nexus
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Ce rapport sur L’articulation entre productivité et inclusivité rassemble les toutes dernières évidences empiriques sur les principaux facteurs du ralentissement des gains de productivité et des fortes inégalités ; il suggère de possibles liens et fondements communs à ces deux tendances ; il dégage de premières conclusions sur les ensembles de mesures à mettre en œuvre et sur les implications qui en découlent pour l’élaboration des politiques ; en outre il propose des domaines précis qui pourraient faire l’objet de recherches plus approfondies. Le principal message de ce rapport est un appel aux responsables de l’action publique afin qu’ils adoptent une approche plus globale et plus inclusive de la croissance de la productivité visant à développer tous les actifs productifs d’une économie en développant les compétences, en mettant en place un environnement où toutes les entreprises peuvent prospérer et en investissant dans les régions à la traîne. L’objectif premier de cette approche est d’élargir la base productive de l’économie de façon à générer à terme des gains de productivité solides et durables auxquels chacun soit en mesure de contribuer tout en s’assurant par ailleurs que chacun, dans la société, puisse en bénéficier et voir s’améliorer son niveau de vie et ses perspectives. Pour ce faire, il faudra établir un cadre d’action complet qui tienne compte de l’ensemble des interactions entre inégalités et productivité, et du jeu de ces interactions au sein des pays, et entre les régions, les entreprises et les individus. Un tel cadre peut aider les responsables de l’action publique à mettre en place des mesures ex ante et ex post visant à promouvoir les synergies, et à gérer les situations dans lesquelles les politiques à l’appui de la productivité ont un impact sur les inégalités.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264293021-fr
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    The Productivity-Inclusiveness Nexus (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264292932
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'articulation entre productivité et inclusivité
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The productivity-inclusiveness nexus
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Einkommensverteilung ; Verteilungsgerechtigkeit ; Soziale Integration ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Economic development ; Production (Economic theory) ; OECD countries ; Produktivität
    Abstract: Historically low productivity gains and record high inequality are major challenges for policy makers around the world. Both concerns have been exacerbated by the global financial crisis but took roots well before and reflect fundamental challenges with the way our economies function. This report proposes a new comprehensive approach to promote better productivity performance and reduce inequalities. It not only gathers the most recent empirical evidence on the main factors behind slowing productivity gains and rising or persisting inequalities but also suggests possible common foundations and linkages between these two trends. It stresses the risk of a vicious cycle setting in, where individuals with fewer skills and poorer access to opportunities are confined to unproductive and often precarious jobs. This reduces aggregate productivity and widens inequality. The report focuses on how to expand the productive assets of an economy by investing in the skills of its people and providing an environment where all firms have a fair chance to succeed, including in lagging regions. It draws preliminary conclusions on the type of policy packages that are needed and on their implications for policy making. It also sets an agenda for future research to deepen empirical evidence and make concrete country-specific policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264292932-en
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    La prochaine révolution de la production : Conséquences pour les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280816 , 9789264280793 , 9789264303737
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (492 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Next Production Revolution: Implications for Governments and Business
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Cette publication examine les possibilités et les défis que présentent pour les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics les technologies qui préparent l’avènement de la « prochaine révolution de la production », à savoir diverses technologies numériques (p. ex., l’internet des objets et la robotique avancée), les biotechnologies industrielles, l’impression 3D, les nouveaux matériaux et les nanotechnologies. Certaines de ces technologies sont déjà présentes dans les processus de production, d’autres seront accessibles sous peu. Mais toutes se développent rapidement. À mesure qu’elles transformeront les activités de production et de distribution des biens et services, elles auront une influence considérable sur la productivité, les compétences, la distribution des revenus, le bien-être et l’environnement. Mieux les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises sauront appréhender cette transformation prochaine de la production, mieux ils seront à même d’en maîtriser les risques et d’en concrétiser les avantages.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280793-fr
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    Perspectives de l'économie numérique de l'OCDE 2017 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264297005 , 9789264282490 , 9789264282483
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (376 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 2017 OECD 디지털경젗 젂망
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectivas de la OCDE sobre la Economía Digital 2017
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: La publication biennale des Perspectives de l’économie numérique de l’OCDE examine et décrypte les évolutions et les opportunités et défis qui se font jour dans l’économie numérique. Elle met en lumière la manière dont les pays membres et les économies partenaires de l’OCDE tirent parti des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) et de l’internet pour atteindre leurs objectifs d’action publique. Données comparatives à l’appui, elle signale les pratiques réglementaires et les lignes d’action dont les décideurs peuvent s’inspirer pour optimiser le potentiel de l’économie numérique au service de l’innovation et de la croissance inclusive.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264282483-fr
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    Promoting the Digital Transformation of African Portuguese-Speaking Countries and Timor-Leste (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307131 , 9789264311107 , 9789264311114
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promovendo a Transformação Digital dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa e Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting the digital transformation of African Portuguese-speaking countries and Timor-Leste
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; Lusofones Afrika ; Timor Leste ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Timor-Leste ; Afrika ; Portugiesisches Sprachgebiet ; Timor ; E-Government ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: The public sectors of African Portuguese-speaking countries and Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL) have made significant progress in mobilising digital technologies to promote internal efficiency, simplify government procedures and improve the delivery of public services. Nevertheless, fully harnessing these technologies to improve growth, opportunities for income and employment, and public service delivery requires a more profound shift from efficiency-driven to citizen-driven approaches. This cross-country review of the digital transformation of the public sectors in Angola, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Sao Tome and Principe and Timor-Leste reviews progress towards digital government and suggests strategies for enabling more effective, collaborative and sustainable digital government policies and approaches in PALOP-TL countries. These recommendations address three main areas: digital solutions for the delivery of core government functions, foundations for a digital government transformation, and digital services for citizens and businesses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307131-en
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  • 58
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in China (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085299 , 9789264307162 , 9789264307179
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in China
    Keywords: Innovation ; Agrartechnik ; Umwelttechnik ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; China ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: The expansion of agricultural production in China has been remarkable, but at the expense of the sustainable use of its natural resources. To counter this, as well as to face problems due to rising labour costs and a rapidly ageing rural population, agricultural production must concentrate on a smaller number of more productive farms. It is in this light that this report reviews recent policy developments to assess whether they have been conducive to productivity growth and environmental sustainability. It finds that the conditions for structural change and innovation at the farm level in China could be further improved by securing the long-term stability of land rights as well as reducing transaction costs. Greater policy coherence with agri-environmental policy objectives could also be achieved through stricter enforcement of environmental regulations. Finally, the agricultural innovation system could play a greater role by placing the focus on public agricultural R&D in areas such as the environment and resource conservation, and in other areas which do not attract much private sector investment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085299-en
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  • 59
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    Steuerliche Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung – Zwischenbericht 2018 : Inclusive Framework on BEPS (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264310438
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Projekt Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalisation – Interim Report 2018: Inclusive Framework on BEPS
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les défis fiscaux soulevés par la numérisation de l'économie – rapport intérimaire 2018 : Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS
    Keywords: Taxation ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Die Bekämpfung von Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting – BEPS) ist Staaten weltweit ein zentrales Anliegen. 2013 verabschiedeten die OECD- und G20-Staaten in gleichberechtigter Zusammenarbeit einen 15-Punkte-Aktionsplan gegen Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung. Zusätzlich zur Sicherung der Steuereinnahmen durch eine an Wirtschaftstätigkeit und Wertschöpfung ausgerichtete Besteuerung besteht das Ziel des BEPS-Projekts von OECD und G20 darin, einheitliche und konsensbasierte internationale Steuervorschriften zur Bekämpfung von Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung zu schaffen, um das Steuersubstrat zu schützen und den Steuerpflichtigen zugleich mehr Rechts- und Planungssicherheit zu bieten. 2016 richteten OECD und G20 das Inclusive Framework on BEPS ein, um interessierten Staaten und Gebieten die Möglichkeit zu bieten, zusammen mit den OECD- und G20-Mitgliedern Standards für BEPS-Fragen zu erarbeiten und die Umsetzung des BEPS-Pakets insgesamt zu prüfen und zu begleiten. Über 110 Staaten und Gebiete sind dem Inclusive Framework beigetreten. Dieser Zwischenbericht des Inclusive Framework on BEPS von OECD und G20 ist Teil der Folgearbeiten zu den 2015 vorgelegten Arbeiten an Aktionspunkt 1 des BEPS-Projekts zu den Herausforderungen der Besteuerung der digitalen Wirtschaft. Er erläutert die im Rahmen des Inclusive Framework vereinbarte Ausrichtung der Arbeiten, die bis 2020 zu den Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die internationalen Steuerregeln durchgeführt werden sollen. Außerdem beschreibt er, wie sich die Digitalisierung auf andere Bereiche des Steuersystems auswirkt und den Steuerbehörden neue Möglichkeiten eröffnet, die Serviceleistungen für die Steuerpflichtigen zu verbessern, die Steuererhebung effizienter zu gestalten und Steuerhinterziehung aufzudecken.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264310438-de
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  • 60
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    Digital Government Review of Colombia : Towards a Citizen-Driven Public Sector (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264291867
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Revisión del Gobierno Digital en Colombia : Hacia un Sector Público Impulsado por el Ciudadano
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Colombia
    Keywords: E-Government ; Kolumbien ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Colombia ; Kolumbien ; E-Government ; Bürgerbeteiligung
    Abstract: This review analyses the shift from e-government to digital government in Colombia. It looks at the governance framework for digital government, the use of digital platforms and open data to engage and collaborate with citizens, conditions for a data-driven public sector, and policy coherence in a context of significant regional disparities. It provides concrete policy recommendations on how digital technologies and data can be harnessed for citizen-driven policy making and public service delivery.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264291867-en
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  • 61
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    Open Government Data Report : Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impact (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264305847
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rapport sur les données ouvertes publiques : Encourager la maturité des politiques de données ouvertes pour un impact durable
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open government data report
    Keywords: E-Government ; Daten ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Open Data ; Regierung ; E-Government ; Geschichte 2013-2017
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the state of open data policies across OECD member and partner countries, based on data collected through the OECD Open Government Data survey (2013, 2014, 2016/17), country reviews and comparative analysis. The report analyses open data policies using an analytical framework that is in line with the OECD OUR data Index and the International Open Data Charter. It assesses governments’ efforts to enhance the availability, accessibility and re-use of open government data. It makes the case that beyond countries’ commitment to open up good quality government data, the creation of public value requires engaging user communities from the entire ecosystem, such as journalists, civil society organisations, entrepreneurs, major tech private companies and academia. The report also underlines how open data policies are elements of broader digital transformations, and how public sector data policies require interaction with other public sector agendas such as open government, innovation, employment, integrity, public budgeting, sustainable development, urban mobility and transport. It stresses the relevance of measuring open data impacts in order to support the business case for open government data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264305847-en
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  • 62
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    Digital Government Review of Morocco : Laying the Foundations for the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector in Morocco (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264298729
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Revue du gouvernement numérique du Maroc : Jeter les bases de la transformation numérique du secteur public au Maroc
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Morocco
    Keywords: E-Government ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Internet ; Marokko ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Morocco
    Abstract: Morocco aims to become a major industrial hub in Africa. To do so, it is taking steps to transform its administration and ensure the sustainable growth of its emerging digital economy and society. This review analyses the efforts under way to integrate digital technologies in the public sector, and provides policy advice to support the Kingdom of Morocco in implementing a strategic digital government policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264298729-en
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  • 63
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Sweden (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085268
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Sweden
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Produktivität ; Agrarproduktion ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Schweden ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Sweden
    Abstract: Agricultural innovation in Sweden has sought to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the agri-food sector by ensuring a high level of environmental and animal welfare standards, while raising the productivity and financial viability of farms. The policies enacted to date have contributed to a high level of consumer confidence in the quality and methods of food production, but challenges remain. These include adapting new technologies that will further strengthen the high environmental, animal welfare and food standards within a more balanced regional and open trading system. In view of the high production costs in Sweden, there is a need to continue with structural adjustments and better targeted investments in the agri-food sector, as well as to improve the level of interactions between research institutions and farmers to ensure that innovative techniques are adopted by all participants.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085268-en
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  • 64
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    Digital Government Review of Brazil : Towards the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307636 , 9789264311343 , 9789264311336
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Brazil
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; Brasilien ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Brazil ; Brasilien ; E-Government ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Like most OECD countries, Brazil has been taking steps towards digital government to ensure that public policies and services are more inclusive, convenient and designed to meet citizens’ needs. This report takes stock of the progress made by the Brazilian government, based on good practices and principles in OECD countries, and provides recommendations to help Brazil drive its digital transformation of the public sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307636-en
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  • 65
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Austria 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264309470
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Austria
    Abstract: Over the past two decades, Austria has become one of the most R&D intensive economies among OECD countries and in the world, dedicating 3.1% of its GDP on R&D in 2016, the second highest figure in the European Union. To fully harness this R&D capacity, Austrian innovation policy needs to put a stronger emphasis on efficiency in transforming R&D inputs into impacts. To achieve higher impacts, Austria also needs to steer its research and innovation system towards leadership excellence in global markets. This requires enhanced international attractiveness for top-level researchers and talent, and a conducive environment for highly innovative enterprises. Austria could also benefit from strengthening R&D and innovation to support key transitions, such as digitalisation and Industry 4.0, and to tackle key societal challenges. The STI policy mix and governance arrangements should be adapted accordingly.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264309470-en
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  • 66
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    Stemming the Superbug Tide : Just A Few Dollars More (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307599 , 9789264311398 , 9789264311404
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Stemming the superbug tide
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Antibiotika ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtliche Publikation ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Antibiotikum
    Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a large and growing problem with the potential for enormous health and economic consequences, globally. As such, AMR has become a central issue at the top of the public health agenda of OECD countries and beyond. In this report, OECD used advanced techniques, including machine learning, ensemble modelling and a microsimulation model, to provide support for policy action in the human health sector. AMR rates are high and are projected to grow further, particularly for second- and third-line antibiotics, and if no effective action is taken this is forecasted to produce a significant health and economic burden in OECD and EU28 countries. This burden can be addressed by implementing effective public health initiatives. This report reviews policies currently in place in high-income countries and identifies a set of ‘best buys’ to tackle AMR that, if scaled up at the national level, would provide an affordable and cost-effective instrument in the fight against AMR.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307599-en
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  • 67
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    Korea’s digital governance (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    DOI: 10.1787/37fd378c-en
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  • 68
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    Big data, satellites and climate change (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/bf619a6e-en
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  • 69
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    Vous avez dit nano ? (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Nano bodies
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/6cc1dcf8-fr
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  • 70
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    Cloud computing (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/0ae82380-en
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  • 71
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    Openness and digital innovation (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/7d39e4b1-en
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  • 72
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    The innovation wave (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    DOI: 10.1787/56c18f67-en
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  • 73
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    The ocean’s new frontier (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9367a2df-en
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  • 74
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    Digital security (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/530a22b1-en
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  • 75
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    Bridging policy silos to boost trust online (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/42b03ed1-en
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  • 76
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    Getting smart: Korea’s creative economy (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Korea, Republic of
    DOI: 10.1787/327eac64-en
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  • 77
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    Solar present (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Présent solaire
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/61c58271-en
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  • 78
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    Présent solaire (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Solar present
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/ff3201db-fr
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  • 79
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    Nano bodies (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Vous avez dit nano ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/f1ac6c69-en
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  • 80
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    The evolving role of satellite networks in rural and remote broadband access (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 264 (December 2017)
    Keywords: Satellitenkommunikation ; Internet ; Ländlicher Raum ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Satellites serve as an important option to deliver broadband services to residences and businesses in rural and remote regions throughout the world. In OECD countries, the majority of people live in urban areas or at locations that are closely settled enough to use other broadband access technologies on a cost effective basis. Satellite technology, however, is deploying several significant innovations that result in improved services and may radically change the costs of providing satellite broadband. The purpose of this report is to describe these key recent developments based upon new and anticipated satellite broadband deployments, and discuss their implications for the future use of satellites to deliver broadband services to residential and business users. The report investigates how innovation is changing the role of satellites in extending broadband services to underserved areas in relation to other broadband options and important policy challenges to be considered in light of such innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/7610090d-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 81
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    Trust in peer platform markets : consumer survey findings (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers no. 263 (November 2017)
    Keywords: Share Economy ; Digitale Plattform ; Vertrauen ; Marktforschung ; Science and Technology ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Trust is a key component in peer platform markets (PPMs). In 2016, the OECD’s Committee on Consumer Policy (CCP) produced a report on Protecting consumers in peer platform markets: Exploring the issues. The 2016 report examined a number of the mechanisms that peer platforms have themselves developed to help engender trust in and use of their services (e.g. initiatives such as ratings and reviews) and raised a set of questions for further research and reflection. In order to understand better the role and drivers of consumer trust in PPMs, the CCP conducted an online survey of 10 000 consumers across ten OECD member countries. This report discusses the findings of that survey.
    DOI: 10.1787/1a893b58-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 82
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    OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Mexico 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264287679
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: OECD skills strategy diagnostic report
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Weiterbildung ; Mexiko ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Mexico ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Skills are central to Mexico’s future prosperity and the well-being of its people. Improving opportunities for all Mexicans to develop high quality and relevant skills and supporting employers to improve their human resources management can help Mexico to raise productivity levels and, by extension, the incentives for employers to hire individuals in the formal sector. Fostering better and more equitable skills outcomes, especially for women and youth, will also provide the foundation for building a healthier, more equitable, and more cohesive society. The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Mexico sets out eight skills challenges for Mexico. These challenges were identified through two interactive workshops with stakeholders, bilateral meetings, internal discussions with experts at the OECD, and analysis of documents and data produced by the OECD and other organisations. The first six challenges refer to specific outcomes across the three pillars of developing, activating and using skills. The next two challenges refer to the “enabling” conditions that strengthen the overall skills system. Success in tackling these skills challenges will boost performance across the whole skills system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264287679-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Réparer la mondialisation : Agir maintenant pour qu'elle profite à tous (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264275157
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Ces dernières années ont été marquées par un phénomène de rejet de la mondialisation. Jamais les coûts d’une ouverture et d’une connectivité accrues – y compris les conséquences de la libéralisation des échanges et de l’investissement – n'ont été autant mis en balance avec leurs avantages, bien des voix se faisant entendre pour plaider en faveur d’une pause, voire d’une inversion, du mouvement mondial d’intégration qui a été la marque des trois dernières décennies. Si ce rejet s’explique par de multiples raisons économiques, sociales et politiques, on dispose d'éléments en nombre suffisant montrant que les oubliés de la mondialisation sont nombreux, en particulier dans la moitié inférieure de l’échelle de distribution des revenus, notamment dans les pays avancés. Ce rejet montre que nous devons agir rapidement pour remettre la mondialisation sur les rails et nous assurer que ses avantages seront plus équitablement partagés. Les conséquences d’une possible inversion de l’intégration mondiale pourraient être graves : un regain de protectionnisme pourrait se traduire par une perte nette de richesse et d’opportunités, et l’adoption de politiques de repli national mettrait en péril nombre des avancées acquises au fil des dernières décennies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264275157-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 84
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    Estudio de la OCDE sobre telecomunicaciones y radiodifusión en México 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280656
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Mexico
    Abstract: El Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en México, publicado en 2012, hizo un diagnóstico del sector en su momento, y subrayó las posibles áreas de reforma regulatoria y de política pública. Desde entonces, el sector de telecomunicaciones en México ha progresado sustancialmente, no sólo desde el punto de vista del marco legal y regulatorio, pero también en el aumento del dinamismo del mercado. Los cambios en el sector se derivaron, en gran medida, de la reforma que se ha llevado a cabo en el país desde el 2013, y que reflejan muchas de las recomendaciones que la OCDE hizo en su reporte de 2012. El presente estudio evalúa los cambios en los sectores de telecomunicaciones y radiodifusión que se realizaron en México a raíz de la reforma, valora la implementación de las recomendaciones que la OCDE hizo en 2012, y propone una serie de mejoras para el futuro. Asimismo, el estudio constata el progreso extraordinario que México ha hecho en la implementación de las recomendaciones en materia de regulación y políticas públicas hasta la fecha, identificando las áreas de oportunidad para continuar con el impulso de dicha reforma que se ha materializado en beneficios tangibles para los mexicanos.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280656-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 85
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    Evaluación de Impacto del Gobierno Digital en Colombia : Hacia una Nueva Metodología (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264284272
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Abstract: El presente estudio analiza el sistema de monitoreo y evaluación de la Estrategia de Gobierno en Línea de Colombia y proporciona recomendaciones para el desarrollo de una metodología para la evaluación de impacto de la política de gobierno digital. Se examinan los antecedentes, la evolución y el estado actual de la Estrategia y se deducen enseñanzas como resultado de la aplicación de una metodología transicional. Los hallazgos presentados buscan ayudar al Gobierno Colombiano en la construcción de herramientas eficientes y el desarrollo de capacidades necesarias para la implementación efectiva y sostenible de la Estrategia de Gobierno Digital.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264284272-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 86
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    Frascati vadovas 2015 : Mokslinių tyrimų ir eksperimentinės plėtros duomenų rinkimo bei teikimo rekomendacijos (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing | Vilnius : Lithuanian Innovation Center
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264286290
    Language: Lithuanian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (375 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264286290-lt
    URL: Volltext
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  • 87
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    The Role of Economic Regulators in the Governance of Infrastructure (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264272804
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The Governance of Regulators
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Role of economic regulators in the governance of infrastructure
    Keywords: Aufsichtsbehörde ; Regulierung ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Welt ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Infrastruktur ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Erschließung ; Regulierung ; Governance ; Datenaufbereitung ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Transport ; Erde
    Abstract: Economic regulators are responsible for ensuring that infrastructure services are delivered efficiently, where competition on its own is unable to achieve this outcome. Based on a survey of 34 economic regulators covering 77 sectors and subsectors including energy, transport, communications and water, this report explores how economic regulators carry out this task, and suggests how this experience can be usefully applied in the governance of infrastructure more broadly.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264272804-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 88
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    Fixing Globalisation: Time to Make it Work for All (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264275096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Policies
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Recent years have seen a remarkable backlash against globalisation. The costs of increased openness and connectivity – including the consequences of trade and investment liberalisation – are weighted as never before against the benefits, with many voices advocating a slowdown or even a reversal of the global integration that has characterised the past three decades. While there are many economic, social and political reasons for this backlash, there is sufficient evidence showing that globalisation is leaving many people behind, particularly in the lower half of the income distribution, and especially in advanced countries. This backlash suggests that we need to act quickly to fix globalisation and make sure that its benefits are more equally shared. The consequences of a potential reversal of global integration could be dramatic: increased protectionism resulting in a net loss of wealth and opportunities and dangerous inward-looking policies that would put at risk many of the benefits achieved in the past decades.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264275096-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 89
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    OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264276291 , 9789264276284
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The biennial OECD Digital Economy Outlook examines and documents evolutions and emerging opportunities and challenges in the digital economy. It highlights how OECD countries and partner economies are taking advantage of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the Internet to meet their public policy objectives. Through comparative evidence, it informs policy makers of regulatory practices and policy options to help maximise the potential of the digital economy as a driver for innovation and inclusive growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264276284-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 90
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    Libérer le potentiel des jeunes entrepreneurs dans les pays en développement : De la subsistance à la performance (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264282094
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.)
    Series Statement: tudes du Centre de développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: La pression démographique et la forte augmentation de la population jeune posent un défi majeur en matière d'emploi, exacerbé par la création insuffisante d'emplois, la rareté des opportunités d'emploi salarié formel et la vulnérabilité sur le lieu de travail. Encourager l'entrepreneuriat jeune a par conséquent pris de l'importance dans l'agenda politique de développement au niveau national et global. Cet ouvrage vise à contribuer au débat actuel sur le rôle de l'entrepreneuriat jeune dans la création d'emplois dans les pays en développement. Il se fonde sur l'analyse d'enquêtes sur la main-d'œuvre et les entreprises réalisées en Côte d'Ivoire, à Madagascar, au Pérou et au Viet Nam, ainsi que sur des évaluations de l’impact de programmes d'entrepreneuriat. Par ces résultats, le rapport enrichit le débat global sur l'entrepreneuriat jeune sur trois plans. Premièrement, il permet de saisir les situations réelles et les multiples visages des jeunes entrepreneurs dans une sélection de pays en développement. Deuxièmement, il fournit de nouvelles données empiriques sur les déterminants de la performance de l'entrepreneuriat jeune. Enfin, il propose une feuille de route politique basée sur les leçons apprises de méta-analyses récentes sur l'efficacité des programmes d'entrepreneuriat.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264282094-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 91
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Norway 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264277960
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Norway
    Abstract: Following a remarkable transformation in the past century in research and innovation, in particular through the development of new technologies and processes in sectors such as oil and gas, shipbuilding and also fisheries and aquaculture, Norway is today increasingly facing a “triple transition imperative” in which it needs, first, to shift toward a more diversified and robust economy; second, to move to a more competitive, effective and efficient innovation system; and third, to support research and innovation activities that can confront an array of societal challenges (climate change, food security, aging, health and so on). The Long-Term Plan for Research and Higher Education 2015-2024 (LTP) launched by the Norwegian government has set the base to enhance the capacity of the research and higher education system to cope with these transition challenges. This report proposes recommendations to take advantage of the revision of this comprehensive strategic plan in 2018 to improve the horizontal coordination and add more concrete structural policy initiatives, without changing the plan’s general orientation nor giving up the sectorial and the consensus principles that form the basis of Norwegian policy making.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264277960-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 92
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    Unlocking the Potential of Youth Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries : From Subsistence to Performance (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264277830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Unlocking the potential of youth entrepreneurship in developing countries
    Keywords: Unternehmer ; Jugendliche ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Entwicklungsländer ; Jugend ; Entrepreneurship
    Abstract: Demographic pressure and the youth bulge in the developing world pose a major employment challenge. This situation is exacerbated by insufficient job creation, scarce formal wage employment opportunities and vulnerability in the workplace. For these reasons, fostering youth entrepreneurship has gained importance in the global and national development policy agenda. This report aims to contribute to the ongoing debate on the role of youth entrepreneurship in generating employment in developing countries. It is based on the analysis of mixed labour force and enterprise surveys conducted in Côte d’Ivoire, Madagascar, Peru and Viet Nam, as well as evidence on the impact of entrepreneurship programmes. This report’s findings add to the global debate on youth entrepreneurship in three important ways. First, it constitutes an unprecedented effort to capture the real situations and multiple faces of young entrepreneurs in selected developing countries. Second, it provides new empirical evidence on the determinants of youth entrepreneurial performance. Third, it proposes a policy roadmap based on lessons learned from recent meta-analyses of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264277830-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 93
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    Trade in Counterfeit ICT Goods (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264270848
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Illicit Trade
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade in counterfeit ICT goods
    Keywords: Produktpiraterie ; Informationstechnik ; Elektronisches Produkt ; Welt ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Falschgeld ; Zahlungsmittel
    Abstract: Recent years have witnessed a constant rise in the spread of ICT (information and communication technologies) infrastructure and a growing demand for ICT goods. The production of these goods is knowledge intensive and the industry relies extensively on intellectual property (IP) rights. This strong and growing demand for ICT goods, and their IP dependence, makes them an attractive target for counterfeiters. This study looks at the trade in counterfeit ICT goods, including the size of the trade, the main sources of fake goods, and the countries whose companies are most affected.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264270848-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 94
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    L' économie de la mer en 2030 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264275928
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Ce rapport explore les perspectives de croissance de l'économie de la mer, sa capacité à créer de l'emploi dans le futur et son rôle dans la gestion des défis mondiaux. Une attention particulière est accordée aux industries émergentes liées à la mer compte tenu de leur potentiel de croissance et d'innovation, et de leur contribution à résoudre les questions de sécurité énergétique, d'environnement, du changement climatique et de la sécurité alimentaire. Le rapport examine les risques et les incertitudes concernant le développement futur des industries liées à la mer, les innovations requises en science et technologie pour soutenir leur progression, leur contribution potentielle à la croissance verte et certaines implications pour la gestion des océans. Enfin, en examinant l'économie de la mer dans son ensemble, la publication explore les possibilités d'action susceptibles de stimuler les perspectives de développement à long terme, tout en gérant l'utilisation de la mer de manière responsable et durable.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264275928-fr
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  • 95
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Finland 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264276369
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Finland
    Abstract: Although Finland achieved a widely acclaimed transformation to become a leading knowledge-based economy in the late 20th century, the 2009 recession and disruptive change contributing to a deep restructuring of the information and communication technology (ICT) industry and the downsizing of traditional sectors have weighed on the economy, productivity growth and international competitiveness. Numerous policy reforms have since been undertaken, and public and private investment, especially in applied R&D, has been cut back. Strengthening and lifting Finland’s innovation system out of a period of uncertainty requires a coherent and unified new vision for science, technology and innovation (STI), renewed investment and policy instruments. This vision should be oriented towards renewal tackling societal challenges and developing new knowledge-based competitive advantages at global scale. Success calls for better co-ordination and co-operation among policy actors and national and regional-levels, and further internationalisation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264276369-en
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  • 96
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    The Next Production Revolution : Implications for Governments and Business (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264271159 , 9789264271036 , 9789264295483
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (440 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La prochaine révolution de la production : Conséquences pour les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The next production revolution
    Keywords: Produktionstechnik ; Produktionsprozess ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Welt ; Employment ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Bericht ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Produktinnovation
    Abstract: This publication examines the opportunities and challenges, for business and government, associated with technologies bringing about the “next production revolution”. These include a variety of digital technologies (e.g. the Internet of Things and advanced robotics), industrial biotechnology, 3D printing, new materials and nanotechnology. Some of these technologies are already used in production, while others will be available in the near future. All are developing rapidly. As these technologies transform the production and the distribution of goods and services, they will have far-reaching consequences for productivity, skills, income distribution, well-being and the environment. The more that governments and firms understand how production could develop in the near future, the better placed they will be to address the risks and reap the benefits.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264271036-en
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  • 97
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    La responsabilité élargie du producteur : Une mise à jour des lignes directrices pour une gestion efficace des déchets (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273542 , 9789264273566 , 9789264295810
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Extended Producer Responsibility: Updated Guidance for Efficient Waste Management
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Le présent rapport met à jour le manuel de 2001 pour les gouvernements sur la responsabilité élargie des producteurs (REP), qui donnait un aperçu des questions clés, fournissait des considérations générales ainsi qu’une discussion des bénéfices et coûts potentiels associés à la responsabilité des producteurs pour la gestion des déchets issus de leurs produits. Depuis lors, les politiques REP visant à améliorer le recyclage et à réduire la mise en décharge ont été largement adoptées dans la plupart des pays de l'OCDE; La couverture des produits a été élargie dans des secteurs clés comme l'emballage, l'électronique, les batteries et les véhicules; Et les programmes REP se répandent dans les économies émergentes en Asie, en Afrique et en Amérique du Sud, ce qui nécessite la prise en compte de contextes politiques différents dans les pays en développement. À la lumière des changements intervenus dans le contexte global, cette révision des lignes directrices examine quelques-uns des nouveaux défis et des nouvelles opportunités dans la conception et la mise en œuvre des politiques REP ; elle tient compte des efforts récents des gouvernements pour mieux évaluer les coûts et l’efficacité environnementale de la REP ainsi que son impact global sur le marché ; et elle aborde un certain nombre de questions spécifiques aux économies émergentes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273542-fr
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  • 98
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    Sécurité des produits vendus en ligne : Tendances et défis (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.261
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Online Product Safety: Trends and Challenges
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Le présent rapport examine un certain nombre de problèmes de sécurité des produits rencontrés par les consommateurs lorsqu’ils achètent des biens matériels par voie électronique. Après avoir étudié l’ampleur et la portée des problèmes de sécurité des produits vendus en ligne, le document donne un aperçu des initiatives publiques et privées mises en œuvre par les pays pour protéger les consommateurs contre les produits dangereux commercialisés sur le web. Le rapport rend également compte des résultats de l’investigation surprise sur la sécurité des produits vendus en ligne menée en avril 2015 par l’OCDE pour le compte du Groupe de travail sur la sécurité des produits de consommation, et coordonnée par l’Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC). Au total, 25 pays ont participé à cette investigation, au cours de laquelle 1 709 produits vendus en ligne ont été inspectés. Les résultats de cette investigation sont décrits plus en détail dans le rapport y afférent élaboré par l’ACCC.
    DOI: 10.1787/b6ab7104-fr
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  • 99
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    Enhancing the Role of Insurance in Cyber Risk Management (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264282148
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing the role of insurance in cyber risk management
    Keywords: IT-Kriminalität ; Risikomanagement ; Versicherung ; Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Versicherungswirtschaft ; Computerkriminalität ; Risikomanagement ; Datenschutz
    Abstract: The digital transformation of economic activities is creating significant opportunities for innovation, convenience and efficiency. However, recent major incidents have highlighted the digital security and privacy protection risks that come with an increased reliance on digital technologies. While not a substitute for investing in cyber security and risk management, insurance coverage for cyber risk can make a significant contribution to the management of cyber risk by promoting awareness about exposure to cyber losses, sharing expertise on risk management, encouraging investment in risk reduction and facilitating the response to cyber incidents. This report provides an overview of the financial impact of cyber incidents, the coverage of cyber risk available in the insurance market, the challenges to market development and initiatives to address those challenges. It includes a number of policy recommendations which support the development of the cyber insurance market and contribute to improving the management of cyber risk.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264282148-en
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  • 100
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Costa Rica 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264271654
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Costa Rica
    Abstract: Costa Rica’s successful economic performance and social achievements realised over the last three decades are widely acknowledged. GDP per capita has steadily increased at higher rates than in most Latin American countries as the economy has evolved along its development path from a rural and agriculture-based to a more diversified economy integrated in global value chains. But Costa Rica faces challenges and must enhance and broaden the basis for productivity growth by strengthening its innovation system and enhancing the role of science, technology and innovation in addressing its national development goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264271654-en
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