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  • Ahrend, Rudiger  (8)
  • Club du Sahel et de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (10)
  • Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
  • Urban, Rural and Regional Development  (10)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Urban house price gradients in the post-COVID-19 era (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1756
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant shift in the way people work, with an increasing number of individuals opting to work from home. Fewer commutes allow people to live further away from the city centre, where jobs typically concentrate. Against this background, this paper tests the hypothesis of a shift in housing demand away from the city centre towards the suburbs using a novel granular house price data set covering 16 OECD countries. The results indicate a flattening of the house price gradients in most large urban areas with profound consequences for housing policies and the city of the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/3c94ca85-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Expanding the doughnut? How the geography of housing demand has changed since the rise of remote work with COVID-19 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Papers no.54
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: The rise of remote working in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic may have reshaped people's preferences on residential locations, thus generating a new geography of housing demand. So far, the literature has mainly focused on what has become known as the "doughnut effect", the hollowing out of large metropolitan centres towards their respective suburban areas ("commuting zones"). However, changes in residential preferences might have affected urban and rural living in more nuanced ways. This paper shows that changes in relative house prices – a proxy for short-term changes in demand for home ownership ("housing demand") – have gone beyond the metropolitan boundaries, consistent with the idea of longer but less frequent home to work commuting. Interestingly, we are not seeing a re-emerging preference for rural life as such but, rather, a desire to move to places that combine the benefits of rural and urban life. In the areas outside the main metropolitan centres but within the commuting zones, housing demand has increased the most in low density, more affordable, settlements (rural). In contrast, beyond the boundaries of large metropolitan areas, where most space tends to be rural, housing demand has increased the most in high-density settlements (cities).
    DOI: 10.1787/cf591216-en
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Frontières et conflits en Afrique du Nord et de l’Ouest (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264374089
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (133 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Borders and Conflicts in North and West Africa
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: Cette publication examine le rôle des régions frontalières dans l'évolution de la violence depuis la fin des années 1990 en Afrique du Nord et de l'Ouest. Grâce à l’indicateur innovant de l'OCDE sur la dynamique spatiale des conflits (SCDi), le rapport explore la relation croissante entre violence politique et régions frontalières : au niveau régional en analysant plus de 170 000 événements violents entre janvier 1997 et juin 2021 et à l’aide d’études de cas au Sahel central et Sahel oriental. Ces dernières années, la violence dans les espaces frontaliers est plus intense en termes de nombre de victimes et plus diffuse géographiquement. Ce rapport combine des données quantitatives sur la localisation des événements violents et des victimes, leur cartographie dans le temps et l'espace et une analyse des acteurs en conflit pour répondre à trois questions : i) Les zones frontalières sont-elles plus violentes que les autres espaces? ii) L'intensité de la violence dans les régions frontalières a-t-elle augmenté dans le temps ? iii) Certaines zones frontalières sont-elles plus violentes que d'autres ? La proéminence et la complexité croissantes des conflits et des groupes violents transnationaux en Afrique du Nord et de l'Ouest appellent à une analyse plus territorialisée pour des options politiques plus adaptées et flexibles.
    DOI: 10.1787/325c4747-fr
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    A comprehensive approach to understanding urban productivity effects of local governments : Local autonomy, government quality and fragmentation (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Papers no.11
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: This paper advances our understanding of the spatial dimension of productivity by investigating the link between subnational governance arrangements and urban labour productivity. It presents a detailed study of the direct and indirect effects of decentralisation (local autonomy), government quality and fragmentation and empirically demonstrates the need for a comprehensive approach when considering the effects of governance-related characteristics on regional economic outcomes. Multi-level analysis of data for Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) in Europe during 2003-2014 suggests that labour productivity tends to be higher in regions with higher quality of government. Productivity, on average, is lower in more decentralised countries. However, under “the right” conditions (high quality of government and low fragmentation), decentralisation is positively linked to productivity. Overall, cities with high levels of government quality and local autonomy but low horizontal fragmentation tend to be the most productive.
    DOI: 10.1787/5ebd25d3-en
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  • 5
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    Roads, market access and regional economic development (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Papers no.06
    Keywords: Regionalentwicklung ; Markteintritt ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Europa ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport
    Abstract: The increase in market access that the expansion of the road network and the growth of Europe created between 1990 and 2012 raised GDP, employment and attracted population. An increase in market access by 1% increases GDP in a region, on average, by 0.2%, employment by 0.7% and population by 0.6%. The positive effect of market access appears to be the strongest over long-distances, most likely based on trade links that are aided by better access to regions in other countries. Predominantly urban, intermediate and predominantly rural regions benefit equally from improvements in access, however, the investment required to create the same degree of improvement in the three types of regions varies substantially. Northern, Western and Central Europe benefited consistently from market access improvements. Southern European regions with better market access gained population and employment but lacked clear GDP improvements. Conversely, Eastern Europe lost employment and population for market access improvements that occurred in a 3-hour travel time radius but had the highest economic gains in GDP and GDP per capita, 1.7% and 2.2% respectively.
    DOI: 10.1787/8b9eca17-en
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  • 6
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    Dynamiques de l’urbanisation africaine 2020 : Africapolis, une nouvelle géographie urbaine (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264689107
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (205 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Africa's Urbanisation Dynamics 2020: Africapolis, Mapping a New Urban Geography
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: D’ici 2050, l’Afrique devrait connaître le taux de croissance urbaine le plus rapide du monde. À cet horizon, les villes africaines devraient abriter 950 millions d’habitants supplémentaires. Cette croissance s’opère en grande partie dans les petites et moyennes agglomérations. La transition urbaine africaine est porteuse de grandes opportunités ; elle pose également d’importants défis. Les agglomérations urbaines africaines se développent le plus souvent sans bénéficier de politiques ou d’investissements à la hauteur de ces enjeux. L'aménagement et la gestion urbains sont par conséquent des enjeux de développement prioritaires. Comprendre l’urbanisation, ses moteurs, ses dynamiques et ses impacts est essentiel pour concevoir des politiques — locales, nationales et continentales — ciblées, inclusives et tournées vers l’avenir. Ce rapport, basé sur la base de données géospatiale Africapolis (www.africapolis.org) couvrant 7 600 agglomérations urbaines de 50 pays africains, analyse les dynamiques urbaines sous des angles historiques, politiques et environnementaux. Il couvre l'ensemble des strates du réseau urbain — des villes petites et intermédiaires aux métropoles. Il propose ainsi des options de politiques plus inclusives et ciblées qui intègrent les échelles locale, nationale et régionale du développement urbain en phase avec les réalités africaines.
    DOI: 10.1787/481c7f49-fr
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  • 7
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    What makes cities more productive? : agglomeration economies and the role of urban governance : evidence from 5 OECD countries (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 06 (February 2017)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: governance ; productivity ; cities ; agglomeration economics ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper estimates agglomeration benefits across five OECD countries, and represents the first empirical analysis that combines evidence on agglomeration benefits and the productivity impact of metropolitan governance structures, while taking into account the potential sorting of individuals across cities. The comparability of results in a multi-country setting is supported through the use of a new internationally-harmonised definition of cities based on economic linkages rather than administrative boundaries. In line with the literature, the analysis confirms that city productivity increases with city size but finds that cities with fragmented governance structures tend to have lower levels of productivity. This effect is mitigated by the existence of a metropolitan governance body.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/2ce4b893-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
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    Building better cities: Why national urban policy frameworks matter (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/709dd458-en
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  • 9
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    Traffic safety in Korea : understanding the vulnerability of elderly pedestrians (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2017, 03
    Keywords: Fußgänger ; Ältere Menschen ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Verkehrsunfall ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Südkorea ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Pedestrians are vulnerable in traffic, with frequently reported injuries and fatalities. These risks are believed to be correlated with socio-economic attributes such as age, income or education levels. For Korea, it is shown that elderly pedestrians have a higher mortality risk than other road users. On a municipal level, risk factors are high car ownership, an aging population and low population density; factors associated with rural areas. Some tentative evidence also points to financially stronger municipalities having better traffic safety, which could reflect a larger capacity to maintain roads and implement road safety measures.
    DOI: 10.1787/22fca93d-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
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    Does it pay to live in big(ger) cities? : the role of agglomeration benefits, local amenities, and costs of living (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2016, 09
    Keywords: Verbraucherpreisindex ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Ballungsraum ; Stadtgröße ; Ruhrgebiet ; Deutschland ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study approaches the question whether it “pays” to live in big(ger) cities in a three-fold manner: first, it estimates how city size affects worker productivity (agglomeration benefits) in Germany, based on individual-level wage data. Second, it considers whether productivity benefits translate into real gains for workers by taking local price levels into account. Third, it examines the role of amenities in explaining differences in real benefits across cities. The estimated elasticity for agglomeration benefits is around 0.02, implying that comparable workers in Hamburg (3 million residents) are about 6% more productive than in Recklinghausen (150 000). But agglomeration benefits are, on average, offset by higher prices, i.e. city size does not systematically translate into real pecuniary benefits for workers. Amenities, e.g. seaside access, theatres, universities, or “disamenities”, e.g. air pollution, explain – to a large degree – variation in real pecuniary benefits, i.e. real wages are higher in low-amenity cities.
    DOI: 10.1787/e0490ba8-en
    URL: Volltext
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