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  • International Energy Agency  (17)
  • Agence pour l'Energie Nucléaire
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (17)
  • Nachhaltige Energieversorgung  (11)
  • Elektrizitätswirtschaft  (8)
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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (17)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264485198
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (77 p.)
    Keywords: Strommarkt ; Elektrizitätspolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; China ; Energy
    Abstract: Power markets are an instrument used globally to ensure electricity security while maintaining affordability and incentivising decarbonisation. The People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”) has been making big steps towards implementing markets, and the goals announced in 2020 of carbon dioxide emissions peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060 have added momentum to expand their footprint. Provinces have taken a leading role in designing and implementing markets. To improve sharing of resources, the guidance to implement a unified national market system pushes for more co-ordination between provinces. This report examines the role of power markets in China and the pathways to develop a national market. The analysis focuses on short-term markets because they have the potential to unlock flexibility the system needs in light of renewables growth and changing weather patterns. The report provides recommendations to improve markets’ co-ordination across the country as well as within the provinces.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264710511
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (154 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Saubere Energie ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Finanzierung ; Afrika ; Energy
    Abstract: Although Africa accounts for one-fifth of the global population, the region currently attracts only 3% of global energy investment. By 2030, energy investment needs to double to over USD 200 billion per year, in order for African countries to achieve all their energy-related development goals, including universal access to modern energy, while meeting in time and in full their nationally determined contributions. Financing Clean Energy in Africa, a World Energy Outlook Special Report, builds on the key findings from the Africa Energy Outlook 2022, which introduced the Sustainable Africa Scenario (SAS), and charts innovative investment solutions across the continent that are critical to scale up energy investment. It develops a theory of change based on the positive spillover effects of increasing the availability of affordable capital for clean energy projects. Currently, the cost of capital for energy projects in African countries is at least 2-3x higher than in advanced economies and China, which hinders investment by raising project costs. The International Energy Agency (IEA) and the African Development Bank Group have joined forces to produce this new analysis, which benefitted from the review of over 85 case studies and over 40 stakeholder interviews. The report focuses on a range of topics, spanning technologies and financing providers, including local institutions, and looks at what types of capital are most suited for the specificities of each sector or technology. The analysis pays close attention to how to scale up private investment, including the role of de-risking support from development finance institutions (DFIs) and donors: by 2030, USD 28 billion of concessional capital will be necessary to mobilise the required USD 90 billion in private investment in clean energy. Increasing the role of the private sector allows DFIs and donors to also scale up support to non-commercial areas, such as enabling environments, unproven technologies and fragile and conflict-afflicted states, unproven technologies.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264820401
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Saubere Energie ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Schwellenländer ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Indonesien ; Mexiko ; Energy
    Abstract: This report assesses the impact of the road transport sector on energy demand, CO2 emissions and air pollution in several selected major emerging economies over the coming decades under several IEA modelling scenarios. Most notably the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS) aims to show to what extent announced ambitions and targets, including the most recent ones, are on the path to deliver emissions reductions required to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Bringing about a road transport decarbonisation pathway in line with the APS in the selected major emerging economies - Brazil, People's Republic of China, India, Indonesia, Mexico and South Africa - will require significant enhancement of existing policies and the introduction of new innovative policies and measures in each of selected countries. Our report sets out six policy areas critical to the achievement of the road transport transitions and a series of recommendations for strengthening financing for the sector. Importantly, the report provides detailed reference to a wide range of policy measures and good practice already in place in many major emerging economies elsewhere to facilitate knowledge sharing among countries. It also places a special emphasis on the road transport sectors of India and Indonesia. These countries are IEA partners in their respective regions and benefit from an enhanced programme of work.
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; Energy ; Environment
    Abstract: The Clean Energy Transitions Programme 2022 (CETP) provides an overview of the programme’s major achievements in the last year. During this time, the CETP has driven forward an ambitious and impactful agenda, even as the world has contended with multiple overlapping crises. As just some examples, the CETP delivered the Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia , which ministers strongly welcomed at the G20, and has played a key role in shaping Indonesia’s landmark Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP). Similarly, the IEA has been able to take its engagement to a whole new level with various African countries, such as with its first-ever report on the Clean Energy Transitions in the Greater Horn of Africa , and provided policy advice that was directly accepted into China’s latest five-year plan. More broadly, it has also supported strategically important work on critical minerals, energy employment and clean energy investment. Overall, the CETP’s combination of data, insight, advice and capacity building is making a strong positive contribution to advancing clean energy transitions around the world – with a focus on emerging and developing economies. In the five years since its launch, the CETP has become the largest and most important programme at theInternational Energy Agency (IEA). It has been the main vehicle through which theIEA has established, deepened and strengthened partnerships with major nonmember countries – those countries that are at the forefront of the clean energytransition. The programme has also played a crucial role in enabling the IEA tostrengthen its global leadership role in clean energy transitions at a pace and scalethat would otherwise not have been possible, with great benefit to theprogramme’s focus countries and IEA member countries alike.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264870147
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (77 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Saubere Energie ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Klimaschutz ; Thailand ; Energy
    Abstract: Since the publication of its latest Power Development Plan (PDP) in 2020 (PDP 2018 Revision 1), Thailand has considerably increased its emissions reductions objectives, announcing a net zero greenhouse gas emissions target for 2065 and carbon neutrality for 2050. As the power sector is a large part of the country's emissions, and because it has a key role to play in decarbonising other sectors, meeting these targets is possible only if the power sector is decarbonising too. This report hence analyses how Thailand can achieve its clean electricity transition, by comparing the planned trajectory of the PDP with the emissions targets, and providing an assessment of the gaps. Building upon the current PDP, this report analyses how the Thai power system can decrease its emissions to meet the targets by increasing the amount of wind and solar PV in its system, and how it can integrate these variable renewable energy sources efficiently. This report concludes work area one of the joint work programme among the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), the Ministry of Energy of Thailand and the International Energy Agency (IEA), and has benefited from data and input from the Thai counterparts. The analysis is based on a PLEXOS model of the Thai power system that has been developed by the IEA in cooperation with EGAT.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264675124
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.)
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Energiepolitik ; Energieeinsparung ; Saubere Energie ; Welt ; Energy
    Abstract: Governments, businesses and citizens around the globe are facing the challenge of climate change and how to accelerate global clean energy transitions to reach net zero emissions by 2050 at the latest. Central to reducing energy-related emissions are the move away from fossil fuel use to electrified systems; significant and sustained improvements in energy efficiency; and an increase in renewable electricity generation capacity. Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, as part of Japan’s Presidency of the G7, asked the International Energy Agency (IEA) to examine the evolution of energy efficiency policy in the context of the clean energy transitions. This acted to support discussions among G7 countries to provide insights and direction for the G7 energy and climate agenda. This report reflects the findings of these discussions, and uses them as a basis for guiding policy makers towards the development of policies to hasten the delivery of the energy system required for clean energy transitions. The challenge is considerable but, as this report demonstrates, governments have already begun the process of transforming their energy efficiency policies to address it. The report outlines the ways in which energy efficiency polices can develop to incorporate flexibility and engagement levers and provides insights into policy developments in major economies, with examples in three main sectors: demand flexibility in appliances and buildings, vehicle fuel economy standards, industrial energy and carbon reporting.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264975880
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Keywords: Erneuerbare Energie ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Qualifikation ; Energy
    Abstract: Ongoing energy transitions and decarbonisation efforts are poised to bring profound shifts in the sector’s employment, including massive new opportunities for job creation in clean energy. At the same time, traditional energy sectors will experience declining job opportunities. In most cases, this will require the development of both new programmes of education, certification and vocational training along with targeted upskilling or reskilling programmes for the existing workforce. Several governments, companies and industry organisations, among other stakeholders, are already developing robust educational and skills training programmes to meet the challenges of the workforce transition. Therefore, a review of existing skills and training programmes can provide valuable insights for others embarking on their own energy transitions. This report compiles a collection of case studies from around that world that showcase programmes designed to address skills development of workforces for energy transitions.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264665033
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.)
    Keywords: Strommarkt ; Elektrizitätspolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Energiewende ; Südkorea ; Energy ; Korea, Republic of ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This report was commissioned by Korea's Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and carried out jointly by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Korea Energy Economics Institute. The objective of the study was to analyse market design improvements to enable achieving net zero in Korea's power sector, in accordance with the country's long-term decarbonisation objectives. For this the IEA devised a Korea Regional Power System Model to evaluate the emissions implications of the plans laid out in Korea’s 9th Basic Plan for Long-Term Electricity Supply and Demand and the Carbon Neutral Strategy published in 2021. The analysis includes a scenario elaborated by the IEA, based on the World Energy Outlook's Announced Pledges Scenario, to analyse potential for further market improvements. This analysis covers market improvements in areas such as carbon pricing, market price enhancements that better reward lowemissions technologies and security of supply, and market access reforms to ensure the participation of a wider range of new technologies and distributed energy resources.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264486409
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (154 p.)
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Policy Reviews
    Keywords: Energiepolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Usbekistan ; Energy ; Uzbekistan
    Abstract: Uzbekistan’s broad economic reforms were expanded to cover energy in 2019 when the government launched a multiphase transition from the state-owned and -operated and subsidised energy sector model to competitive gas, oil and electricity markets with significant private-sector participation and cost-covering energy prices. The reform plans to diversify the country’s energy supply, which domestic natural gas continues to dominate in all sectors, including transport. Natural gas exports will be phased out by 2025 and the gas will be used increasingly to expand petrochemicals production, while Uzbekistan’s significant but unexploited solar and wind resources will be harnessed to help build a cleaner power sector to 2030. While energy use per capita is low, the country’s economy remains one of the most energy-intensive in the world, and massive potential remains to improve energy efficiency through incentives and mandates. This report is intended to help guide Uzbekistan towards a more secure, sustainable and efficient energy future.It proposes several ways to support the government in its reform efforts. The gradual transition to competitive markets and withdrawal of subsidies should be accompanied by support measures for those most in need. For the reform to succeed, an independent and well-resourced energy regulator is also necessary. Furthermore, the financial imbalances in the state-owned energy companies must be addressed and their re emergence avoided. For the long term, as Uzbekistan’s population, cities and economy are projected to grow strongly, a cross-sectoral approach is required to limit the increase in energy demand and energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789264831674
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (145 p.)
    Keywords: Energiewende ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Ostafrika ; Energy ; Environment
    Abstract: The future of Africa’s energy sector is important globally. The International Energy Agency (IEA) is actively supporting evidence-based energy policy making in African countries with the aim of achieving affordable and clean energy, in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7. This includes ensuring universal access for all, promoting increased energy security and affordability, and accelerating the development of clean energy systems across Africa, through a sustainable and accelerated regional energy system transformation. The IEA is committed to developing clean, reliable and affordable energy systems, which are essential for achieving sustainable development objectives. It is also committed to helping African countries use energy sector transformation to cope with and recover from crises such as the Covid 19 pandemic and the Russian Federation’s (“Russia” hereafter) invasion of Ukraine, which have destabilised economies and energy systems. This can be done by improving data, informing decision making and guiding policy implementation, in collaboration with local, regional and international institutions. This report focuses on the eight countries in the greater Horn of Africa region, here defined as Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda. It recommends pathways to accelerate clean energy transitions and analyses energy trends across the region. It also highlights policy-relevant best practices for accelerating energy access, energy sector development and transition to cleaner energy sources. The report includes key policy recommendations and identifies opportunities that can help policy makers design clean, cost-effective and efficient energy systems for the future. This report is part of an IEA initiative to promote clean energy transitions in Africa through enhanced regional energy collaboration. The initiative focuses on three regions (North Africa, the Sahel and the greater Horn of Africa), and includes technical workshops and reports that assess energy sector conditions and propose pathways for accelerated transformation. A financial contribution by the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs made this study by the IEA Clean Energy Transitions Programme possible.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264764149
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.)
    Keywords: Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Klimawandel ; Coping-Strategie ; Welt ; Energy
    Abstract: Electricity is an integral part of all modern economies, supporting a range of critical services. Secure supply of electricity is of paramount importance. The power sector is going through fundamental changes with increasing pressure from climate change. Climate change directly affects every segment of the electricity system altering generation potential and efficiency, testing physical resilience of transmission and distribution networks, and changing demand patterns. Effective policy measures and co-ordinated action among key actors play a central role in building resilience to climate change. This report provides an overview of the climate impacts on electricity systems. It describes how climate change affects each segment of the electricity value chain – generation, transmission and distribution, and demand – with case studies around the world. It proposes a step-by-step application of measures for policy makers and key stakeholders to build the climate resilience of electricity systems.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264933163
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Keywords: Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Energy
    Abstract: Electricity is an integral part of all modern economies, supporting a range of critical services from healthcare to banking to transportation. The secure supply of electricity is thus of paramount importance. The power sector is going through fundamental changes: decarbonisation with fast growth in variable renewable sources, digitalisation expanding the surface for cyberattacks, and climate change leading to more extreme weather events. In response, governments, industries and other stakeholders will need to improve their frameworks for ensuring electricity security through updated policies, regulations and market designs. This report surveys the ongoing multiple transformations in the electricity sector, which are leading to a new system in the future. For the first time, three key aspects of electricity security are addressed in one report: energy transitions with more variable renewables, cyber risks, and climate impacts. In addition, the roles of new technologies and demand-side response, and electrification of other sectors are explored. Examples and case studies of all these changes are taken from power systems around the world. Existing frameworks that value and provide electricity security are described, and best practices offered along with recommendations to guide policy makers as they adjust to the various trends underway..
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9789264515376
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Energy
    Abstract: Climate action in cities is essential for achieving ambitious net-zero emissions goals. Cities account for more than 50% of the global population, 80% of global GDP, two-thirds of global energy consumption and more than 70% of annual global carbon emissions. These factors are expected to grow significantly in the coming decades: it is anticipated that by 2050 more than 70% of the world’s population will live in cities, resulting in massive growth in demand for urban energy infrastructure. Smart cities represent an important opportunity to reduce energy consumption while meeting service demand, improving grid stability and improving the quality of life for all. Next-generation energy systems leverage big data and digital technologies to collect and analyse data in real time and manage city services more efficiently. These solutions are transforming the energy landscape by creating new synergies to reduce emissions, improve energy efficiency and enhance resilience. Local governments are in a unique position to deliver on the net-zero emissions agenda. In this report we illustrate the wide range of opportunities, challenges and policy solutions that can help city-level governments capture the significant value in efficient and smart digital energy systems, no matter their unique context. Our focus is on ways national governments can help cities overcome barriers to progress and accelerate clean energy transitions using digitalisation.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264903395
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.)
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Klimapolitik ; G20-Staaten ; Energy
    Abstract: This report examines the evolving nature of energy security in the context of clean energy transitions in general and on the pathway to net-zero emissions in particular. It highlights emerging energy security concerns and provides recommendations to foster international collaboration, notably within the Group of Twenty (G20). In the context of Italy’s G20 presidency, its Ministry of Economic Development requested the International Energy Agency (IEA) to undertake this Security of Clean Energy Transitions report. It aims to support discussions among the G20 countries and to provide insights and direction for the review and update of the G20 energy collaboration principles, which were endorsed at the G20 Brisbane Leaders’ Summit in 2014.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264486362
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.)
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Welt ; Energy ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: More innovation is needed to meet global energy and climate goals. Reaching net zero by 2050 requires further rapid deployment of available technologies as well as widespread use of technologies that are not yet on the market. Major innovation and deployment efforts must occur over this decade in order to bring these new technologies to market in time. Most of the global reductions in CO2 emissions through 2030 come from technologies readily available today. But in 2050, almost half the reductions come from technologies that are currently at the demonstration or prototype phase. The IEA has prepared a handbook on “Expanding the global reach of the TCPs” based on interviews with TCPs. It collects TCP good practice and experience to broaden their reach, as well as guidance on what TCPs are and how they function for decision makers in prospective member countries, focusing on key benefits of membership. The handbook identifies three core themes where TCPs may exchange learnings and suggestions to foster enhanced participation looking forward.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264564831
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.)
    Keywords: Strommarkt ; Elektrizitätspolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Außenhandel ; Tadschikistan ; Energy ; Tajikistan ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: The International Energy Agency (IEA) completed this report, Cross-Border Electricity Trading for Tajikistan, as part of the EU4Energy programme, a five-year initiative funded by the European Union. The programme aims to support the development of evidence-based energy policy design and data capabilities within the countries of the Eastern Partnership and Central Asia. The central purpose of this report is to guide policy making at all levels to facilitate effective cross-border integration of electricity markets to the benefit of Tajikistan as well as the region. This report can serve as a roadmap to support the Tajikistan’s National Development Strategy for 2030, which includes goals to export at least 10 TWh of its hydropower generation and to undertake reforms to improve the performance and sustainability of its power sector. Cross-border electricity trading can bring many benefits in terms of optimising resource allocation among the countries involved. The availability of generation technologies, geography, socio-economic factors, and political agreements will determine the potential for cross-border electricity trading that countries could develop and subsequently the benefits that could be achieved. Therefore, the focus of this roadmap is to assess the feasibility and extent of electricity trade with Tajikistan’s neighbours and to lay out policy requirements for implementation. As the focus here is Tajikistan, the recommendations are based on the Tajik context.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264533684
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Fossile Energie ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Energiepolitik ; Energiewirtschaft ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Energy
    Abstract: Governments around the world are faced with the challenge of ensuring electricity security and meeting growing electricity uses while simultaneously cutting emissions. The significant increase in renewables and electrification of end-uses plays a central role in clean energy transitions. However, due to the variable nature of solar PV and wind, a secure and decarbonised power sector requires other flexible resources on a much larger scale than currently exists today. These include low-carbon dispatchable power plants, energy storage, demand response and transmission expansion. The availability and cost of these technologies depends on local conditions, social acceptance and policies. The possibility to combust high shares of low-carbon hydrogen and ammonia in fossil fuel power plants provides countries with an additional tool for decarbonising the power sector, while simultaneously maintaining all services of the existing fleet. The relevant technologies are progressing rapidly. Co-firing up to 20% of ammonia and over 90% of hydrogen has taken place successfully at small power plants, and larger-scale test projects with higher co-firing rates are under development. Ultimately, using large volumes of low-carbon hydrogen and ammonia in the power sector will help establish supply chains and drive down costs through economies of scale and technological improvements, thereby complementing and mutually reinforcing the use of low-carbon in fuels in other hard-to-abate sectors such as long-haul transport and industry.
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