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  • Online-Ressource  (3.652)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264710412 , 9789264489547 , 9789264940451
    Sprache: Lettisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Developing Effective Online Dispute Resolution in Latvia
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Latvia
    Kurzfassung: Šajā ziņojumā novērtēts strīdu izšķiršanas tiešsaistē (ODR) izmantojums Latvijā. Tajā aplūkoti valsts centieni modernizēt tieslietu sistēmu un attīstīt strīdu izšķiršanas mehānismus, noteiktas jomas, kurās nepieciešami uzlabojumi saskaņā ar ESAO ODR sistēmu, un sniegti ODR piemērošanas piemēri citās valstīs. Novērtējumu papildina ESAO ODR regulējuma piemērošana trīs īpašiem prasību veidiem - vienkāršotām un brīdinājuma procedūrām, kā arī ar patērētāju tiesībām saistītām prasībām. Tajā sniegti ieteikumi, kā sekmīgi īstenot ODR Latvijā un kopumā modernizēt tieslietu nozari, lai nodrošinātu labāku tiesu pieejamību visiem.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.10
    Schlagwort(e): Künstliche Intelligenz ; Gesundheitswesen ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Artificial intelligence will have profound impacts across health systems, transforming health care, public health, and research. Responsible AI can accelerate efforts toward health systems being more resilient, sustainable, equitable, and person-centred. This paper provides an overview of the background and current state of artificial intelligence in health, perspectives on opportunities, risks, and barriers to success. The paper proposes several areas to be explored for policy makers to advance the future of responsible AI in health that is adaptable to change, respects individuals, champions equity, and achieves better health outcomes for all. The areas to be explored relate to trust, capacity building, evaluation, and collaboration. This recognises that the primary forces that are needed to unlock the value from artificial intelligence are people-based and not technical. The OECD is ready to support efforts for co-operative learning and collective action to advance the use of responsible AI in health.
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.40
    Schlagwort(e): Feuer ; Klimawandel ; Brandschutz ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Environment ; Governance ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The frequency and severity of extreme wildfires are on the rise in the United States, causing unprecedented disruption and increasingly challenging the country’s capacity to contain losses and damages. These challenges are set to keep growing in the context of climate change, highlighting the need to scale up wildfire prevention and climate change adaptation. This paper provides an overview of the United States’ wildfire policies and practices and assesses the extent to which wildfire management in the country is evolving to adapt to growing wildfire risk under climate change.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264996526 , 9789264451674 , 9789264920927
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (183 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Budgetinzidenz ; Kanada ; Frankreich ; Irland ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Niederlande ; Neuseeland ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: In many countries, public expenditure, including transfers, plays a major role in reducing income inequality. The report reviews the various ways that budgeting can be used to this end. A first includes taking a broad approach to results-based budgeting, taking social and distributional goals into consideration. A second relies on integrating distributional impact analysis directly into the budget process. The report discusses the concrete experience of eight OECD countries in this area, analysing how they are integrating distributional impact assessment in spending and budgeting decisions. Finally, it discusses the tools, frameworks and data that are needed to take distributional considerations into account as part of evidence-informed policy making.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.44
    Schlagwort(e): E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Digital government is essential to transform government processes and services in ways that improve the responsiveness and reliability of the public sector. During the COVID-19 pandemic it also proved crucial to governments' ability to continue operating in times of crisis and provide timely services to citizens and businesses. Yet, for the digital transformation to be sustainable in the long term, it needs solid foundations, including adaptable governance arrangements, reliable and resilient digital public infrastructure, and a prospective approach to governing with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence. This paper presents the main findings of the 2023 edition of the OECD Digital Government Index (DGI), which benchmarks the efforts made by governments to establish the foundations necessary for a coherent, human-centred digital transformation of the public sector. It comprises 155 data points from 33 member countries, 4 accession countries and 1 partner country collected in 2022, covering the period between 01 January 2020 and 31 October 2022.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264582880 , 9789264791572 , 9789264888821
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (118 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Efektīvas strīdu izšķiršanas tiešsaistē attīstība Latvijā
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Digitalisierung ; Internet ; Lettland ; Governance ; Latvia
    Kurzfassung: This report assesses the use of online dispute resolution (ODR) in Latvia. It looks at the country’s efforts to modernise its justice system and develop dispute resolution mechanisms, identifies areas for improvement in line with the OECD ODR Framework, and provides examples of the application of ODR in other countries. The assessment is enriched by the application of the OECD ODR Framework to three specific types of claims – simplified and warning procedures, and consumer claims. It provides recommendations for successfully implementing ODR in Latvia and broadly modernising the justice sector to ensure better access to justice for all.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The growth of strategic budget initiatives – such as gender budgeting and green budgeting - has been a prominent trend in OECD countries. This is driven by a desire to use the budget to help deliver transformational change in relation to key policy priorities demanding a whole-of-government response. This paper outlines the emergence of strategic budget initiatives across OECD countries and offers some preliminary observations on how these initiatives are being designed and implemented.
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Health Sector Review
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Health Insurance ; Health Policy and Management ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; PHC ; Primary Health Care Performance ; Vital Signs Profile
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the findings of the Vital Signs Profile (VSP) assessment conducted by the World Bank and the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI) in collaboration with Fiji's Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MHMS). The VSP provides an opportunity to assess the state of the primary health care (PHC) system in Fiji, highlighting areas of strength and challenges through the lens of the PHCPI framework. The framework organizes various domains and subdomains of primary health care using a logic model approach that encompasses the traditional inputs and outputs of PHC systems and emphasizes the capacity and processes of PHC service delivery and performance. Notably, while PHCPI recognizes the role of social determinants of health and intersectoral health promotion and prevention efforts as important factors influencing population health, the VSP is primarily focused on aspects of health service delivery. Fiji is one of four Pacific countries - alongside Kiribati, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Solomon Islands that have, with support of the World Bank, used PHCPI tools to take stock of current performance, safeguard what works well, and lay out a vision for areas requiring improvement
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Mongolia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Mongolia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Mongolia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Mongolia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Mongolia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Mongolia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Mongolia
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Zimbabwe assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Zimbabwe perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Zimbabwe on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Zimbabwe; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Zimbabwe; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Zimbabwe; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Zimbabwe
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Kenya assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Kenya perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Kenya on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Kenya; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Kenya; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Kenya; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Kenya
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Serbia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Serbia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Serbia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Serbia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Serbia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Serbia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Serbia
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Anticorruption Agenda ; Governance ; Governance and Financial Sector ; Integrity Risks ; Law and Development ; Public Administration ; Public Procurement
    Kurzfassung: The Armenia public sector accountability survey is instrumental in addressing the disparities between de jure laws and regulations and de facto practices and seeks to fill existing knowledge gaps and inform further definition and implementation of the government's anticorruption initiatives. The survey was implemented by the Corruption Prevention Commission (CPC) and the World Bank. It aimed to: (i) provide a comprehensive assessment of the patterns and determinants of integrity risks, and how they can impact productivity and performance in the public administration in Armenia; (ii) understand the perceptions of Armenian public servants regarding ongoing anticorruption initiatives, their awareness of integrity risks, and the needs for further interventions; and (iii) generate evidence, support and inform further definition of reforms and anticorruption initiatives that help address and counter weak integrity practices in the public sector in Armenia. By highlighting the disparities between de jure laws and de facto practices, particularly in terms of integrity within the public sector, this survey aimed to serve as a cornerstone for informing effective implementation in targeted interventions and bridging the gap between policy intentions and actual practices within Armenia's governance. The Armenia public sector accountability survey was aimed at public servants in selected public entities in Armenia, including central ministries and agencies, regional governments, and selected municipalities across the country. The analysis of the survey findings is anchored in the government production function conceptual framework and adjusted to explicitly take into account the drivers and consequences of corruption
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Ghana assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Ghana perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Ghana on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Ghana; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Ghana; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Ghana; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Ghana
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Jamaica assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Jamaica perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Jamaica on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Jamaica; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Jamaica; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Jamaica; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Jamaica
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Guinea assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Guinea perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Guinea on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Guinea; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Guinea; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Guinea; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Guinea
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9783031445842
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource(XVII, 427 p. 18 illus., 5 illus. in color.)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2024.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Security, International. ; Political science. ; Human rights. ; International relations. ; Diplomacy. ; Internationaler Konflikt ; Grenzkonflikt ; Kollektive Sicherheit ; Internationale Politik ; Innere Sicherheit ; Menschenrecht ; Governance ; Europa
    Kurzfassung: Chapter 1. Migration Policies in the OSCE Region (Anisa Abeytia) -- Chapter 2. Early Warning Models in the OSCE: Adoption and Re-Invention (Alina Isakova) -- Chapter 3. NATO and EU Strategic Security Environment (Aybike Yalcin-Ispir) -- Chapter 4. Patterns of Border Disputes Amongst OSCE Countries (Halina Sapeha) -- Chapter 5. Assessing Water (Ir)Rationality in the Disputed Region of Nagorno-Karabakh (Leonardo Zanatta) -- Chapter 6. Vetting as a Tool for Strengthening Judicial Integrity in the OSCE Region (Teodora Miljojkovic) -- Chapter 7. Human Rights Adjudication in Central Asia (Saniia Toktogazieva) -- Chapter 8. Human Rights and Social Media: Challenges and Opportunities for Human Rights Education (Joanna Kulesza) -- Chapter 9. Digital Citizen Activism in Central Asia: Beyond Contestation and Cooperation (Bakhytzhan Kurmanov) -- Chapter 10. The Dilemma of Good Governance vs. Power Grab in Georgia (Shalva Dzebisashvili) -- Chapter 11. Transformations of Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine towards EU Membership (Malkhaz Nakashidze) -- Chapter 12. Backsliding Rule of Law and “Stabilotocracy” in Montenegro (Mirko Đuković).
    Kurzfassung: This open-access book explores the security dynamics amid the polarization, shifting borders, and liquid governance that define the Zeitenwende era in Europe's eastern neighbourhood and Central Asia. Presenting various case studies, the volume unveils the intricate web of border dynamics and practices, including the nuanced interplay of border disputes within the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) member states. The contributions shed new light on how contested borders and liquid modes of governance have impacted the engagement of international organizations such as the European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and OSCE in security crises and conflict prevention. Delving deeper, a special part dissects the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict and examines European and international responses. By analyzing the stances of diverse European countries, their neighborhood, and international organizations, this section uncovers commonalities and disparities in their approaches to the Ukrainian crisis.
    Anmerkung: Open Access
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031356643
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 388 Seiten) , Diagramme, Illustrationen
    Serie: Studies in Energy, Resource and Environmental Economics
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Power resources. ; Environmental economics. ; Energy policy. ; Energy and state. ; Technology ; Information technology. ; Stadt ; Konzeption ; Stadtentwicklung ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltfaktor ; Soziales Feld ; Einflussgröße ; Stadtplanung ; Governance ; Smart cities ; Climate Change ; Ecology ; Smart Governance ; Energy transition ; ICT ; smart mobility ; sustainability ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: 1. Innovation and Smart Cities Research: A Review and Future Directions -- 2. The role of the fourth industrial revolution technologies in driving smart cities -- 3. Finance and economic return of smart city projects -- 4. Cities transformation and benefits of Smart Cities -- 5. Cities: the new form of international environmental governance -- 6. Smart Energy Cities: The Role of Behavioral Interventions in Reducing Electricity Demand in Buildings in Principality of Monaco -- 7. Back to the future: tapping into ancient knowledge toward human centered smart cities -- 8. Environmental retrofitting, a mandate for NEZ livable and sustainable GCC cities -- 9. A comprehensive smart system for social housing -- 10. Smart Modelling for Greener Urban Environments: The Digital Twin of the City of Imola -- 11. MUST-B: a multi-agent model to envisage the future challenges of sustainable urban development -- 12. A Systematic Literature Review on an Expansion of Transit-Oriented Development’s Station Areas -- 13. Ergonomics of access: a new, broad and inclusive vision to better understand the links between the urban context on the conditions of access, accessibility and appropriation of resources of daily life in active modes -- 14. Mobility hubs, an innovative concept for a sustainable urban mobility? State of the art, guidelines and assessments of two European experiences -- 15. Micromobility in urban areas: Evaluation of several scenarios with respect to detailed characteristics of the city -- 16. Smart Cities initiatives and perspectives in emerging economies -- 17. Data driven urban management for Saudi cities: Practices, challenges, and opportunities -- 18. Smart Cities: GCC and Kuwait Experience -- 19. Smart Cities from an Indian Perspective: Evolving Ambitions and Incorporating Sustainable Practices.
    Kurzfassung: This open access book discusses the socioeconomic, environmental, and policy implications of smart cities. Written by international experts in energy economics and policy, the chapters present wide range of high quality theoretical and empirical studies at the nexus of social, entrepreneurial, governmental and ecological transformation. The book covers a wide range of topics, with a view towards providing empirical evidence of the benefits of smart cities as well as practical frameworks for smart city initiatives. Topics discussed include: smart city transition pillars, innovation for smart and sustainable cities design and implementation, smart city governance, smart mobility within cities, and smart cities in emerging economies. This volume will be of use to students and researchers interested in resource economics, energy economics, sustainability, ICT, and governance, as well as policymakers working on smart city initiatives.
    Anmerkung: Open Access , Tabellen, Literaturverzeichnisse, Literaturhinweise
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9783031406096 , 9783031406089
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (331 p.)
    Serie: International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy
    Schlagwort(e): International environmental law ; Agricultural science ; Public international law ; Human rights ; Meteorology & climatology ; Central government policies ; Land Degradation ; Neutrality ; Sustainable Management ; Climate Adaptation ; Soil ; Governance ; Climate Mitigation ; UNFCCC ; CBD ; Sustainability ; Climate Change ; Emissions ; Climate Policy ; Climate Litigation
    Kurzfassung: This open access book presents an important discussion on the interface between sustainable soil management and climate mitigation and adaptation. It investigates a variety of aspects in this context, such as the political and societal consequences for countries in the Global South, an assessment of the outcomes of the UNFCCC Conference of Parties held in Glasgow, appropriate legal instruments to promote desealing, regulatory concepts for negative emissions in soil and land use, the debate in Europe on carbon uptake in soils and the climate-related policy of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Lastly, it provides information on recent court rulings on climate mitigation in Germany and Australia and their relevance for sustainable soil management. This sixth volume of the International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy is divided into four parts, the first of which deals with various aspects of the theme “Climate Mitigation and Adaptation and Sustainable Soil Management.”The second part covers recent international developments, the third presents regional and national reports, and the fourth discusses overarching issues. Given the range of key topics covered, the book offers an indispensable tool for all academics, legislators and policymakers working in this field. The “International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy” series discusses central questions in law and politics with regard to the protection and sustainable management of soil and land – at the international, national, and regional level
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9783031490149 , 9783031490132
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Sociology ; Public administration ; Human geography ; Sustainability ; Densification ; Gentrification ; Social exclusion ; Decommodification ; Governance ; Affordable housing ; Active land policy ; sustainable housing ; urban densification ; housing commodification
    Kurzfassung: Affordable housing shortage and social exclusion have become severe societal problems across the globe. Increasing numbers of people are suffering from social eviction and displacement due to urban densification, modernization, rising rents, and intense housing commodification. Vulnerable resident groups – such as old-aged or households with children – who often live in old housing stocks planned to be densified, renovated, or upgraded with higher rents, are forced to leave the urban core centers because they can no longer afford to live in central locations, or because they experience unstable or insecure housing conditions. A scenario that is highly unsustainable. So far, studies on densification have mainly considered the process as technological, architectural, or design-based problem (e.g., Kyttä et al., 2013; Broitman & Koomen, 2015; Bibby et al., 2018). However, systematic knowledge on how to implement densification objectives sustainably – regarding economic, environmental, and social aspects – is still lacking. This book tackles this gap by analyzing densification from a governance perspective. Its point of departure is that densification per se does not necessarily lead to sustainable outcomes in terms of social inclusion, cohesion, or community stability. Rather, it politicizes densification by neglecting how the process is planned, implemented, and governed by the actors involved. The book applies an actors-centered neoinstitutionalist political ecology approach to reveal the specific objectives and strategies of actors involved, as well as the socio-political structures (i.e. rules. laws, and policies) that govern densification. Four Swiss in-depth empirical qualitative case studies (Zürich, Basel, Köniz, and Kloten) illustrate the political and legal conditions for success or failure for (un)sustainable implementations of densification. Ultimately, this book advises stakeholders, governments, urban practitioners, and academics on more effective, community-oriented, collective, and decommodified forms of governance to respond to the needs of the public at large rather than simply catering to private individuals and firms. Such governance initiatives entail active municipal land policy approaches outside a purely market-based investment logic that not only limit, but also work with property rights. This is an open access book
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9783839470305 , 9783837670301
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Serie: Bildungsforschung
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy & theory of education ; Bildung ; Schule ; Inklusion ; Diversität ; Bildungsreform ; Schulbürokratie ; Governance ; Inklusive Bildung ; Schweiz ; Bildungsgeschichte ; Bildungsforschung ; Bildungssoziologie ; Bildungstheorie ; Pädagogik ; Education ; School ; Inclusion ; Diversity ; Education Reform ; Switzerland ; History of Education ; Educational Research ; Sociology of Education ; Theory of Education ; Pedagogy
    Kurzfassung: Bildung soll inklusiv sein - diese normative Forderung ist Gegenstand zahlreicher Debatten. Vor diesem Hintergrund zeichnet Carla Jana Svaton ethnographisch die Governance einer integrativen Volksschule in der Schweiz nach und folgt dazu den bildungs- und schulpolitischen Kontroversen sowie lokalen Übersetzungsprozessen einer aktuellen Bildungsreform. Dabei ergründet sie nicht nur pädagogisch-strukturelle Spannungsfelder und Ambivalenzen im Umgang mit schulischer Heterogenität: Die Studie zeigt auf, wie der emanzipatorische Anspruch einer Schule für alle in papierene Akteure wie Gesetze, Verordnungen, Leitfäden und Konzepte eingeschrieben wird - um so als »Skript der Besonderung« zum schulbürokratischen Gegenprogramm zu avancieren
    Anmerkung: German
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  • 22
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (40 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Rama, Martin What Lies behind "Good" Analytical Work on Development? Four Years of Knowledge Products at the World Bank
    Schlagwort(e): Academic Impact ; Academic Research ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Research Output ; World Bank Group Research
    Kurzfassung: The World Bank's analytical work has a strong reputation, but its knowledge products are also perceived to be of varying quality and relevance, and the drivers of this heterogeneity are only partially understood. Building on previous evaluations, this paper adopts a production function approach to assess how budget resources, time to completion, technical skills, and institutional responsibilities affect the internal ratings and external visibility of different types of analytical tasks at the World Bank. To this effect, the paper first matches records from three unconnected electronic platforms -- for internal documents, budget codes, and external publications -- to assemble a comprehensive database of knowledge products and their key characteristics. With analytical documents as its unit of observation, the exercise shows that: (1) devoting more resources to analytical tasks leads to both better ratings and greater visibility; (2) both outcomes are systematically worse when a greater share of resources comes from trust funds; (3) they are also consistently worse for tasks that take longer to complete; (4) more academically oriented team leaders underperform on ratings and overperform on visibility, whereas technically solid but less stellar team leaders overperform on ratings; and (5) everything else equal, performance varies systematically with the nature of the unit in charge. The findings of the paper can be read as a cautionary note against knowledge management that is based on the counting of analytical tasks. Instead, the findings call for much stronger information systems on knowledge products, a better alignment of incentives for the units in charge, and regular evaluations in the spirit of this paper
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (29 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Diakite, Maimouna Cross-Country Empirical Analysis of Govtech Platforms on Citizen Engagement
    Schlagwort(e): Citizen Engagement ; E-Government ; Governance ; Govtech ; Govtech Maturity Index ; Govtech Reform ; Public Sector Modernization
    Kurzfassung: Countries worldwide are implementing GovTech reforms to modernize the public sector and achieve better performance while responding to citizens' needs. At its core, GovTech represents a whole-of-government approach to public sector modernization, which emphasizes three critical aspects: (i) citizen-centric public services that are universally accessible; (ii) a whole-of-government approach to digital government transformation; and (iii) simple, efficient, and transparent government systems. Within this context, strengthening citizen engagement is crucial to ensure accountability, improve public policy quality, and enhance service delivery. Accordingly, this study aims to be the first cross-country empirical assessment of the impact of GovTech platforms, which can allow citizens to: (i) participate in policy decision-making and (ii) provide feedback on public service delivery. Using a large sample of 176 countries, the study assesses the impact of the implementation of national platforms that allow citizens to participate more effectively. This research employs entropy balancing as the main identification strategy, as well as propensity score matching and ordinary least squares regressions on the matching sample as alternatives. Additional robustness checks were performed using alternative GovTech Maturity Index 2022 data and by considering the possibility of a slower diffusion of the technology. A sensitivity analysis, considering the role of governance, political and institutional factors, as well as the level of development, is likewise performed. The results show a significant and positive impact of GovTech platforms on citizen engagement. Similarly, democracy and the equal distribution of political power have strong and positive effects on citizen engagement. By contrast, public sector corruption negatively and significantly impacts citizen engagement. The findings also provide evidence that GovTech platforms are more effective in fostering citizen engagement in high-income economies and in countries where the government is efficient, institutional and social fragility is low, and there is no conflict or only low-intensity conflict. The results of an Africa-focused analysis indicate that African countries that have adopted such digital platforms likewise experience an increase in citizen engagement
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  • 24
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Schlagwort(e): Business Environment ; E-Government ; Economic Growth and Planning ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Governance ; Innovation and Technology Privacy ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: The Chinese government has a long-standing commitment to business environment and digital government reforms. China's online government-to-business (G2B) services have enhanced public service efficiency, accessibility, and transparency, creating a more favorable business environment. This note features a case study of the all-in-one online government service platform developed in Zhejiang Province, a subnational leader in promoting e-government and business environment reforms. Following general national guidelines, Zhejiang has been a leader in exploring innovations to promote digital government development and business environment reforms. Its reforms both demonstrate the effectiveness of a proactive approach to leveraging digital technologies for administrative efficiency and an improved user experience and highlight the positive impacts on the business environment
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Infrastructure Study
    Schlagwort(e): Civil Registration and Identification ; Gender ; Governance ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Private Sector Development ; Public Administration ; Public Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: In Ethiopia, women are 15 percentage points less likely than men to possess a kebele ID, the primary proof of identity document used in the country. This report unveils findings from a study that aims to grasp the reasons behind this gender gap in ID ownership and offers recommendations for overcoming these barriers in Fayda, the new digital ID system launched by the Government of Ethiopia in 2021. Executed by the World Bank in partnership with Ethiopia's National ID Program (NIDP), the study first uses statistical analysis of ID4D-Findex data to illustrate the nature of the ID ownership gap and its ramifications for women. Subsequently, through desk research and original qualitative data obtained from focus group discussions and key informant interviews, the report delves into four categories of potential reasons for the gap: legal and policy barriers, social and community barriers, economic and procedural barriers, and information and knowledge barriers. In the concluding section, the report offers three key recommendations for integrating gender inclusivity into the Fayda program, drawingfrom the research findings and inputs gathered from qualitative research participants
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783031507472
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XXIX, 439 Seiten)
    Serie: Palgrave studies in agricultural economics and food policy
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Rahman, Andaleeb The future of India's social safety nets
    Schlagwort(e): Social policy. ; Agriculture ; Development economics. ; Economic history. ; Economics. ; Social Safety Nets ; Indian Welfare Safe ; Food Policy in India ; Political Economy ; Governance ; Development Economics ; Health Care ; Poverty ; Public Distribution System (PDS) ; Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme ; Political economy ; Central / national / federal government policies ; Agricultural science ; Development economics and emerging economies ; Economics ; Social Safety Nets ; Indian Welfare Safe ; Food Policy in India ; Political Economy ; Governance ; Development Economics ; Health Care ; Poverty ; Public Distribution System (PDS) ; Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
    Kurzfassung: India has learned what to do and what not to do when it comes to implementing policy to address human suffering. The COVID-19 pandemic unified the international response in similar ways, and the world has a lot to learn about key initiatives in India that have been implemented since India's independence. This open-access book includes key learnings about the conceptualization, design, and impact of social welfare programs in India spanning more than a 75-year period. The Future of India's Social Safety Nets provides a comprehensive analysis of these systems by combining insights from a wealth of interdisciplinary scholarship on social protection, economic development, and social policy. It covers India’s social development in terms of three essential aspects of policy design: focus (intended beneficiaries), form (transfer modalities), and scope (developmental objectives). Highlighting the developmental achievements and shortcomings of the myriad of social welfare schemes, this book proposes a framework to foster human resilience through social protection. This is an open-access book
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9783031356643 , 9783031356636
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (388 p.)
    Serie: Studies in Energy, Resource and Environmental Economics
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Smart cities
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Stadt ; Konzeption ; Stadtentwicklung ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltfaktor ; Soziales Feld ; Einflussgröße ; Stadtplanung ; Governance ; Environmental economics ; Public administration ; Energy technology & engineering ; Sociology ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: This edited volume discusses the socioeconomic, environmental, and policy implications of smart cities. Written by international experts in energy economics and policy, the chapters present wide range of high quality theoretical and empirical studies at the nexus of social, entrepreneurial, governmental and ecological transformation. The book covers a wide range of topics, with a view towards providing empirical evidence of the benefits of smart cities as well as practical frameworks for smart city initiatives. Topics discussed include: smart city transition pillars, innovation for smart and sustainable cities design and implementation, smart city governance, smart mobility within cities, and smart cities in emerging economies. This volume will be of use to students and researchers interested in resource economics, energy economics, sustainability, ICT, and governance, as well as policymakers working on smart city initiatives. This is an open access book
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Bielefeld : transcript Verlag
    ISBN: 9783839469927 , 9783837669923
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Serie: VerKörperungen/MatteRealities - Perspektiven empirischer Wissenschaftsforschung
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Urban communities ; Urban & municipal planning ; Regional government ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Transformation ; Stadt ; Governance ; Postindustrielle Städte ; Policy-Instrumente ; Policy ; Essen ; Almada ; Malmö ; Brüssel ; Klimawandel ; Politik ; Natur ; Urban Studies ; Stadtplanung ; Kommunalpolitik ; Soziologie ; Sustainability ; City ; Post-industrial Cities ; Eating ; Brussels ; Climate Change ; Politics ; Nature ; Urban Planning ; Local Affairs ; Sociology ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: Angesichts von Extremwetterereignissen, Klimaprognosen und Bewegungen wie Fridays for Future lässt sich schwer leugnen, dass ein Teil der Menschheit auf eine Weise lebt, die eine gut bewohnbare Welt höchst unwahrscheinlich macht. Städten wird in dieser Situation eine zentrale Rolle zugeschrieben. Sie können die Welt vor der Erderwärmung retten - oder sie sind die Ersten, die untergehen. Doch was genau wird getan, um Städte in Richtung Nachhaltigkeit zu transformieren? Britta Acksel nimmt Aktionspläne, Klimafestivals, Awards und weitere Transformationsinstrumente in den Blick. Ethnographisch fundiert zeigt sie auf, wie sich die Arbeit mit dieser speziellen Form von Policy-Werkzeugen gestaltet - und welche Bemühungen besonders aussichtsreich erscheinen
    Anmerkung: German
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031507472
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource(XXIX, 439 p. 25 illus., 4 illus. in color.)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2024.
    Serie: Palgrave Studies in Agricultural Economics and Food Policy
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Rahman, Andaleeb The future of India's social safety nets
    Schlagwort(e): Social policy. ; Agriculture ; Development economics. ; Economic history. ; Economics. ; Social Safety Nets ; Indian Welfare Safe ; Food Policy in India ; Political Economy ; Governance ; Development Economics ; Health Care ; Poverty ; Public Distribution System (PDS) ; Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
    Kurzfassung: 1. India’s Safety Net System, Development and Challenges -- 2. Evolution of Social Safety Nets -- 3. Hunger to Nutrition Nexus -- 4. Poverty and Livelihoods -- 5. Intergenerational Growth -- 6. Health Care -- 7. Filling Gaps in Safety Net Design: Targeting, Modality and Technology -- 8. Political Economy Considerations and Effective Governance -- 9. Way Forward.
    Kurzfassung: “An invaluable springboard for further research and action in this field.” —Jean Drèze, Ranchi University “A vision of the potential for social policy to move beyond palliative measures towards a resilient and inclusive social contract.” —Harold Alderman, International Food Policy Research Institute “A must read for those that want to understand the past, present, and future of social protection in the country and beyond.” —Ugo Gentilini, World Bank “It will become a standard reference in the literature.” —Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University India has learned what to do and what not to do when it comes to implementing policy to address human suffering. COVID-19 unified the international response to human suffering, and the world has a lot to learn about the initiatives implemented in India since its independence. This open-access book covers the conceptualization, design, and impact of notable social welfare programs in India. The Future of India's Social Safety Nets combines insights from social protection, economic development, and social policy. It covers India’s social development in terms of three essential aspects of policy design: focus (intended beneficiaries), form (transfer modalities), and scope (developmental objectives). Highlighting developmental achievements and shortcomings, this book proposes a framework to foster human resilience through social protection. Andaleeb Rahman is an economist at the Tata-Cornell Institute for Agriculture and Nutrition at Cornell University. Prabhu Pingali is Professor of Applied Economics and Founding Director of the Tata-Cornell Institute for Agriculture and Nutrition at Cornell University.
    Anmerkung: Open Access
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9783031548727
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XVII, 193 p. 18 illus., 16 illus. in color.)
    Serie: Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Banking and Financial Institutions
    Originaltitel: Climate stress test
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Financial services industry. ; Financial risk management. ; Climatology. ; Sustainability. ; ESG ; Climate & environmental risk ; Financial institutions ; Transmission channels ; Regulatory framework ; Governance ; Business model ; Climate risk ; Sustainability ; Sustainable finance ; ESG and finance
    Kurzfassung: 1 Climate Risk Scenario -- 2 Regulatory Framework, Standards And Best Practices For The Financial Sector -- 3 Transmission Channels Of Climate Risk -- 4 Integrating Climate Risk Into Commercial Banks Operations -- 5 Insurance Companies -- 6 Governance Implications: The Challenge Of Disclosure.
    Kurzfassung: Climate change is defining structural modifications that affect the economy and the financial system. Within Europe, supervisors and supervised entities are increasingly focusing on the consequences of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks as they impact the soundness and stability of the financial system or interfere with the transmission channels of monetary policy and price stability as well as raising sustainability financing issues. Focusing on climate-related risks within the broader theme of ESG risks, this book analyzes the evolving overall regulatory framework, the climate risk transmission channels, the peculiarities of climate risk transmission channels with reference to specific business models of financial intermediaries, and the governance and disclosure implications of climate risks. It will be of interest to academics, practitioners, and students in the fields of banking, financial services, sustainability, ESG, and climate risk. Elisabetta Gualandri is a Full Professor of Banking and Finance in the Marco Biagi Department of Economics at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy, where she is a member of the Center for Studies in Banking and Finance (CEFIN). She is also a Director of the European Association of University Teachers of Banking and Finance – Wolpertinger. Paola Bongini is a Full Professor of Banking and Finance at the University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy. She is also the Director of the Ph.D. Program in Business for Society. Her research interests are in empirical banking, financial regulation and financial literacy and education. Maurizio Pierigè is Senior Partner at Prometeia responsible for the Risk Integration activities within the Enterprise Risk Management Practice. As Head of Risk Integration, Advanced Analytics, Climate Change & ESG Risks, he is in charge of the development of Prometeia offerings (scenarios, advisory, models, methodologies, software solutions) on balance sheet forecasting and risk integration topics. Marina Di Janni is a Principal, Risk Integration, Advanced Analytics, Climate Change & ESG Risks at Prometeia. She is in charge of planning, controlling, and risk integration for institutions.
    Anmerkung: Translation from the Italian language edition: "Climate stress test. Un primo passo verso una gestione integrate dei rischi climatici e ambientali" by Elisabetta Gualandri et al., © AIFIRM (Associazione Italiana Financial Industry Managers) 2022. - The Book is based on selected Chapters (1, 2, and 8) of the AIFIRM's Position Paper n. 39 “Climate Stress Test - Un primo passo verso una gestione integrata dei rischi climatici ed ambientali”. The Editors of the Book took care of all updates, additions, revisions, and translations of the AIFIRM's Position Paper n. 39 selected chapters
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  • 31
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    New York : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780197582701 , 0197582702
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 884 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Oxford handbooks online
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Oxford handbook of space security
    DDC: 358.8
    Schlagwort(e): Space security ; Weltraum ; Weltraumpolitik ; Kollektive Sicherheit ; Governance ; Strategie ; Einflussgröße ; Außenpolitik ; Sicherheit ; Weltraumwaffe ; Handbuch ; Sécurité spatiale ; Space security ; Warfare & defence ; Warfare and Defence
    Kurzfassung: The Oxford Handbook on Space Security focuses on the interaction between space technology and international and national security processes. This volume theorizes the development and governance of space security and analyzes the specific pressure points currently challenging that regime. Space security is a complex assemblage of societal risks and benefits that result from space-based capabilities and is currently in a period of transformation as innovative processes are rapidly changing the underlying assumptions about stability in the space domain. This volume takes an analytically-eclectic approach to assessing space security from an international relations (IR) theory perspective. It builds an understanding of space security, infused with the theory and practice of IR and advances analysis of key states and regions as well as specific capabilities. It draws on the expertise of a set of scholars who bring a range of analytical and theoretical perspectives to bear on the empirical changes affecting space security. Space security is currently in a period of great transition as new technologies are emerging and states openly pursue counterspace capabilities. This volume brings together scholarship from a group of leading experts that helps to explain how these contemporary changes will affect future security in, from, and through space.
    Anmerkung: Literaturhinweise, Register
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  • 32
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Dissertationsvermerk: Dissertation Würzburg, Universität Würzburg 2022
    DDC: 304.6
    Schlagwort(e): Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Entwicklung ; Governance ; China ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781447353447 , 9781447353454
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 210 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4
    Schlagwort(e): Civil society ; Public institutions ; Sociology ; Political planning ; Governance ; Politik ; Zivilgesellschaft ; Krise ; Unsicherheit ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Zivilgesellschaft ; Unsicherheit ; Krise ; Politik ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: This volume explores how the uncertainties of the 21st century present existential challenges to civil society. Presenting original empirical findings, it highlights transferable lessons that will inform policy and practice in today's age of uncertainty
    Anmerkung: Published with the Wales Institute of Social and Economic Research and Data. - Previously issued in print: 2022. - Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 34
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264400795 , 9789264359406 , 9789264620605
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE sur la gouvernance publique
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Cameroon
    Kurzfassung: La Feuille de route pour un gouvernement ouvert au Cameroun propose une analyse approfondie des cadres juridiques et de politiques publiques, des institutions et des pratiques favorisant les réformes du gouvernement ouvert au Cameroun. Le rapport évalue trois domaines clés : 1) l'environnement favorable au gouvernement ouvert ; 2) le cadre institutionnel et les processus et capacités de pilotage du gouvernement ouvert ; et 3) les succès et les défis du gouvernement ouvert dans la pratique. Le dernier chapitre du rapport consolide toutes les recommandations et fournit une feuille de route concrète et opérationnelle pour aider le gouvernement du Cameroun à se rapprocher des critères d'adhésion au Partenariat pour un gouvernement ouvert et à renforcer son programme de gouvernement ouvert à travers l’adoption d’une approche stratégique.
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  • 35
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Government at a Glance
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Panorama des administrations publiques (édition 2023)
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Government at a Glance provides a dashboard of indicators assembled to help decision makers and the public analyse and benchmark governments across OECD members and partner countries. This database represents a selection of indicators as presented in the 2021 edition of the Government at a Glance publication. The database contains the most recent data on public finance and public employment, as well as a number of survey data on public practices and procedures (including for instance budgeting practices and procedures, human resource management, public sector integrity, regulatory governance, open government and risk management and communication).
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  • 36
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264726550 , 9789264859210 , 9789264779952
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: United States 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Première économie mondiale, les États-Unis ont progressé dans la réduction de plusieurs pressions environnementales tout en conservant l’un des produits intérieurs bruts par habitant les plus élevés au monde. Les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et de polluants atmosphériques, les prélèvements d’eau et la consommation intérieure de matières y ont été découplés de la croissance économique et démographique. Les niveaux de consommation élevés, les pratiques agricoles intensives, le changement climatique et l’étalement urbain continuent toutefois d’exercer des pressions sur le milieu naturel. Malgré l’accélération récente de l’action publique face au changement climatique, des efforts supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour atteindre l’objectif de neutralité en gaz à effet de serre d’ici à 2050. Par ailleurs, les États-Unis figurent parmi les principaux producteurs de déchets marins, lesquels ont de graves conséquences pour les populations et l’environnement. Le présent rapport contient 30 recommandations visant à aider les États-Unis à améliorer leurs performances environnementales, et accorde une attention particulière à l’enjeu des déchets marins et à la problématique transversale de la justice environnementale. Troisième Examen environnemental consacré aux États‑Unis, il propose une évaluation indépendante, fondée sur des données factuelles, des performances environnementales du pays au cours de la dernière décennie. La présente version abrégée contient le résumé, de même que l’évaluation et les recommandations officielles du rapport. Le rapport complet est disponible en anglais sur le site Internet de l’OCDE.
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  • 37
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264512917
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: This report examines the innovative capacity of the public sector of Romania, exploring opportunities for the public sector to work in new and novel ways to improve outcomes. It assesses the current innovative capacity and suggests paths forward to enhance capacity. The report provides foundational evidence for the creation of an action plan to enhance the public sector’s capacity to innovate for impact.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264673915
    Sprache: Russisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Improving the Legal Environment for Business and Investment in Central Asia: Progress Report
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Development
    Kurzfassung: Хотя Центральная Азия оказалась относительно устойчивой к потрясениям COVID-19, замедлению темпов роста в Китае и войне России на Украине, снижение темпов роста в регионе, низкая производительность труда и сохраняющаяся глобальная неопределенность указывают на необходимость устранения недостатков делового и инвестиционного климата. Внедрение предсказуемых правил, создание равных условий для компаний и усиление конкуренции на рынках, в частности, может стимулировать как местных предпринимателей, так и иностранных инвесторов к инвестированию и развитию в регионе. В настоящем отчете представлена оценка прогресса, достигнутого после проведения в 2019-2020 гг. анализа правовой среды для бизнеса и инвестиций в Казахстане, Кыргызстане, Таджикистане, Туркменистане и Узбекистане на фоне изменения международного контекста, вызванного COVID-19 и войной.
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  • 39
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.40
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Climate change and other environmental threats require urgent government action. This policy paper discusses how governments can use better regulation instruments (good regulatory practices, risk-based and agile approaches, regulatory delivery, international regulatory cooperation, economic regulators, and behavioural insights) to design, implement and evaluate efficient and effective regulations for the environment. It explores the challenges governments face and presents good practices for environmental and other regulations, to ensure that all policy instruments coherently pursue environmental goals. Finally, the paper suggests how regulatory policy systems can meet present and future environmental challenges. It argues that to fully exploit the potential of better regulation for the environment, governments should implement measures that ensure an inclusive, cooperative, outcome-based and global approach to regulating.
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  • 40
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (73 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Papers no.62
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Ireland
    Kurzfassung: Ireland is highly centralised and fast growing, creating co-ordination challenges in terms of delivering key investments and in key policy areas like transport, housing and education. Actors across levels of government recognise a need for a more coordinated approach to the delivery of the National Planning Framework, the principal spatial planning strategy of Project Ireland 2040, which includes also the National Development Plan (public investment).The report has three objectives which ultimately aim to support more balanced regional outcomes in Ireland: i) to clarify the gaps in terms of regional attractiveness across and within Ireland’s regions, including in terms of population and investment attraction; ii) to assess the ability for the National Planning Framework – in its current form – to address these gaps, and iii) to consider what multi-level governance reforms and attractiveness policies can be introduced or scaled to generate more territorially-balanced development.
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  • 41
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.42
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Portugal
    Kurzfassung: This policy paper provides an analysis of the new the Portuguese Competence Centre for Planning, Policy and Foresight in Public Administration (PlanAPP) and its functions in Portugal, focusing on strategic planning and networking activities. It analyses the role of PlanAPP in aligning and harmonising the strategic planning process and in ensuring evidence-informed, inclusive and co-ordinated strategic planning, particularly through RePLAN, Portugal’s Public Administration Planning and Foresight Services Network. The paper makes recommendations to help Portugal effectively implement the competency centre model, consolidate its strategic planning process, better define and co-ordinate high-level priorities, and set a path to achieve them effectively and coherently.
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264840409
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (291 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Economics ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
    Kurzfassung: As countries seek to draw lessons the COVID-19 crisis and increase their future resilience, evaluations are important tools to understand what worked or not, why and for whom. This report builds on the OECD work on “government evaluations of COVID-19 responses”. It evaluates Belgium’s responses to the pandemic in terms of risk preparedness, crisis management, as well as public health, education, economic and fiscal, and social and labour market policies. Preserving the country’s resilience in the future will require promoting trust in public institutions and whole-of-government approaches to crisis management, reducing inequalities, and preserving the fiscal balance. The findings and recommendations of this report will provide guidance to public authorities in these efforts.
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  • 43
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (66 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.67
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides a critical review of public sector innovation measurement approaches and related gaps. It explores alternative approaches to measure public sector innovation measurement which respond to different use cases, and paves the way for operationalising a measurement framework for public sector innovation. The paper proposes creating a continuous stocktake of public sector innovation measurement activities in Member countries, improving existing frameworks or creating new frameworks to guide public sector innovation measurement more systematically at country level, and identifying indicators that would be most useful for cross-country comparability.
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  • 44
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.66
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Lebanon
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the opportunities and challenges linked to a possible use of deliberative democracy processes in Lebanon. It looks at the viability and feasibility of such initiatives, which are not prevalent in the country, by identifying the main impediments to their initiation and implementation, the different formats they could take, and the expected impact. It discusses how deliberative democracy could complement and diversify the democratic tools available to Lebanese actors and thus strengthen citizens’ ability to participate in public life. The aim of the paper is to encourage an initial discussion on this topic, raise awareness about its potential to contribute to democratic governance and respond to the demand of Lebanese actors interested in pursuing deliberative democracy efforts.
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  • 45
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Improving decision making and policy development in Portugal: The role of PlanAPP
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Portugal
    Kurzfassung: Este relatório resume os resultados do trabalho de colaboração entre a OCDE e o PlanAPP, o Centro de Competências em Planeamento, Políticas e Prospetiva da Administração Pública em Portugal. Apresenta as principais conclusões e recomendações do projeto em quatro áreas estratégicas para o país: i) políticas públicas informadas por evidências e confiança nas instituições públicas, ii) avaliação das políticas públicas, iii) prospetiva e iv) planeamento estratégico.
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  • 46
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264620261 , 9789264548411 , 9789264942868
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: Regional development is rooted in place-based strategic planning and strengthened regional innovation systems. In Romania, the eight Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) are responsible for strategic planning for regional development and delivering innovation support services to regional and local actors. They also manage the public investment funds dedicated to these activities. These are challenging tasks. Many RDAs face difficulties in ensuring that regional and sub-regional development objectives and priorities align, expanding the definition of innovation, and activating their regional innovation ecosystem. Equally difficult is keeping stakeholders engaged and committed to the regional development and innovation agendas. This report synthesises the regional development and innovation challenges facing Romania’s RDAs and potential activities to overcome these in three areas – strategic planning and performance measurement, finance and implementation, and communication and stakeholder engagement. It also offers insights and recommendations for higher-levels bodies to further support RDAs through guidance, facilitating peer-exchange, and actively engaging the RDAs in regional development decision making.
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  • 47
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264415393 , 9789264860377 , 9789264774278
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (98 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Guidelines for Citizen Participation Processes
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Las Directrices sobre Participación Ciudadana de la OCDE están dirigidas a cualquier funcionario o institución pública con intención de llevar a cabo un proceso de participación ciudadana. Las directrices describen diez pasos para diseñar, planificar, implementar y evaluar un proceso de participación ciudadana, y describen ocho métodos diferentes para implicar a los ciudadanos: información y datos, cabildos abiertos, consultas públicas, innovación abierta, ciencia ciudadana, monitoreo cívico, presupuestos participativos y procesos deliberativos representativos. Las directrices se ilustran con ejemplos y orientaciones prácticas basadas en datos recopilados por la OCDE. Por último, se presentan nueve principios rectores para ayudar a garantizar la calidad de estos procesos.
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264741805 , 9789264343467 , 9789264536357
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promovarea Metodologiei de Management a Riscurilor de Corupție în România: Aplicarea Intervențiilor Comportamentale în Integritatea Publică
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: A risk management approach is important for promoting public integrity efficiently and effectively. This report reviews the current corruption risk management methodology in the Romanian central government through the lens of behavioural science. After introducing the Romanian corruption risk management methodology and analysing the challenges related to its implementation, the report provides four concrete avenues for its adoption and implementation. Behaviourally inspired strategies are designed to improve public officials' capacities, opportunities, and motivations to identify corruption risks, assess their probability and impact, and design more effective control measures.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264645066 , 9789264408319 , 9789264944251
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (67 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Fortalecendo a Liderança em Integridade na Administração Pública Federal do Brasil: Aplicando Insights Comportamentais para Integridade Pública
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Brazil
    Kurzfassung: The behaviours of both top- and middle-level managers matter for promoting open organisational cultures, mitigating integrity risks and fostering ethical behaviour by their staff. This report examines key issues around integrity leadership in Brazil’s federal public administration, based on an extensive survey of senior public officials. Informed and inspired by behavioural insights, it provides concrete recommendations for strengthening integrity leadership in Brazil.
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  • 50
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264669468 , 9789264535619 , 9789264937840
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Israel 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; Israel
    Kurzfassung: La rapide croissance économique et démographique que connaît Israël et son fort degré d’urbanisation continuent d’exercer des pressions significatives sur l’environnement. Le pays a relevé ses ambitions en matière de climat ces dernières années, mais n’est pas parti pour atteindre ses objectifs de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. De nouvelles mesures s’imposent pour mieux protéger la biodiversité, combattre la pollution de l’eau et s’adapter aux effets du changement climatique. Israël a pris une série de mesures importantes au service de ses ambitions de réduction à zéro des déchets et de circularité de l’économie. Il doit toutefois redoubler d’efforts pour améliorer la gestion des déchets et mettre l’économie dans son ensemble sur la voie de la circularité. L’examen formule 24 recommandations qui visent à aider Israël à améliorer ses performances environnementales, et accorde une attention particulière à la gestion des déchets et à l’économie circulaire. Avec ce deuxième Examen environnemental d’Israël, l’OCDE propose une évaluation indépendante, fondée sur des données factuelles, des performances environnementales du pays au cours de la dernière décennie. La présente version abrégée contient le résumé, de même que l’évaluation et les recommandations officielles du rapport. Le rapport complet est disponible en anglais sur le site web de l’OCDE.
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  • 51
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264853775
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (61 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation
    Kurzfassung: Citizenship and residency by investment (CBI/RBI) programmes are government-administered programmes that grant citizenship or residency to foreign investors by expediting or bypassing normal migration processes. These programmes can help spur economic growth through foreign direct investment, but they are also attractive to criminals and corrupt officials seeking to evade justice and launder the proceeds of crime reaching into the billions of dollars. This report highlights how CBI programmes can allow criminals more global mobility and help them hide their identity and criminal activities behind shell companies in other jurisdictions. It highlights the vulnerabilities of these complex and international investment migration programmes, including the frequent use of intermediaries, involvement of multiple government agencies, abuse by professional enablers and lack of proper governance of the CBI/RBI programmes. The report proposes measures and examples of good practice, that can help policy makers and those responsible for managing the investment migration programmes address these risks. These include an in-depth analysis and understanding of how criminals can exploit CBI or RBI programmes and incorporating risk mitigation measures, such as multi-layer due diligence, in the design of the investment migration programme.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264820708 , 9789264318458 , 9789264670488
    Sprache: Ukrainisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (367 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rebuilding Ukraine by Reinforcing Regional and Municipal Governance
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: До широкомасштабного вторгнення Росії 24 лютого 2022 року Україна досягла значного поступу в реалізації амбітних реформ регіонального розвитку та децентралізації. Результатом цих реформ стало створення 1 469 об’єднаних муніципалітетів, введення детальної багаторівневої структури планування регіонального розвитку, а також значне підвищення рівня надання місцевих державних послуг і державного фінансування регіонального та місцевого розвитку. Однак на шляху реформ виникли деякі проблеми, багато з яких були значно загострені війною Росії проти України. Ці проблеми включають збільшення регіональних економічних та демографічних розбіжностей і відмінностей у рівні добробуту, фрагментарну структуру фінансування регіонального розвитку, а також помітні розбіжності в адміністративних, кадрових і фіскальних можливостях муніципалітетів. У цьому звіті представлено глибокий аналіз поступу України у впровадженні реформ багаторівневого управління та досліджено роль місцевих органів влади в управлінні катастрофою. Виходячи з цього, у звіті рекомендуються можливі шляхи використання Україною разом з міжнародними партнерами багаторівневого управління, регіонального розвитку і децентралізації для підтримки процесів місцевої відбудови та відновлення з метою вирішення нагальних гуманітарних потреб, відновлення місцевої економіки та громад, а також посилення їхньої стійкості.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264598140 , 9789264552807 , 9789264292727
    Sprache: Bulgarisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Public Investment in Bulgaria: Planning and Delivering Infrastructure
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Bulgaria
    Kurzfassung: Този доклад очертава резултатите от прегледа на процесите на публични инвестиции в България и дава препоръки за подобряване на тяхната ефективност и ефикасност. Той се фокусира върху планирането, инвестициите и изпълнението на инфраструктура на национално и общинско ниво. Докладът идентифицира какво България трябва да запази и подобри, за да гарантира, че инвестициите, направени на европейско, държавно и общинско ниво, постигат най-добро съотношение качество-цена и допринасят за благосъстоянието и жизнения стандарт на хората.
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  • 54
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.5
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: The OECD AI Principles call for AI actors to be accountable for the proper functioning of their AI systems in accordance with their role, context, and ability to act. Likewise, the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises aim to minimise adverse impacts that may be associated with an enterprise’s operations, products and services. To develop ‘trustworthy’ and ‘responsible’ AI systems, there is a need to identify and manage AI risks. As calls for the development of accountability mechanisms and risk management frameworks continue to grow, interoperability would enhance efficiency and reduce enforcement and compliance costs. This report provides an analysis of the commonalities of AI risk management frameworks. It demonstrates that, while some elements may sometimes differ, all the risk management frameworks analysed follow a similar and sometimes functionally equivalent risk management process.
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  • 55
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.301
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Two out of five OECD countries contract out some of the job brokerage and counselling functions of publicly financed employment services using outcome-based payment models. This paper examines several important aspects related to the design and implementation of such outsourcing. First, innovative payment models can improve incentives for external providers to offer training and more effective services for hard-to-place clients. Second, providing forward guidance to providers and accounting for contingencies can mitigate their risks, e.g. of being underpaid relative to expenses incurred, thus lowering service costs. Third, letting individuals choose a provider can result in services that are better tailored and foster ongoing competition between providers. Finally, automating data exchange can, somewhat paradoxically, improve data privacy and data protection while enabling new payment models. These and related findings are discussed with country examples based on desk research and interviews with stakeholders in several OECD countries. The paper builds on work conducted in the project “Reforming the Swedish Public Employment Service”, which was carried out with funding from the European Union via the Technical Support Instrument and was implemented by the OECD in cooperation with the European Commission's Directorate-General for Structural Reform Support.
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  • 56
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.43
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Open government data has become a vital instrument for addressing both longstanding and emerging policy issues. In particular, the recent pandemic and the green transition have underscored the need for governments to ensure access to timely, relevant, and high-quality data to foster resilience and facilitate a comprehensive whole-of-society response. This paper presents the main findings of the fourth edition of the OECD Open, Useful, and Re-usable data (OURdata) Index for 2023, which benchmarks efforts made by governments to design and implement national open government data policies. It encompasses over 670 data points collected from 36 OECD countries and 4 accession countries throughout 2022.
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  • 57
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264532489 , 9789264863156 , 9789264812338
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Open government is a powerful catalyst for driving democracy, public trust, and inclusive growth. In recognition of this, the OECD Council adopted the Recommendation on Open Government in 2017. To date, it remains the first - and only - internationally recognised legal instrument on open government and has guided many countries in designing and implementing their open government agendas. This report takes stock of countries' implementation of the Recommendation, its dissemination, and its ongoing significance. It is based on an OECD survey carried out in 2020/2021 among all countries that adhered to the Recommendation and other partner countries, as well as on further data collected through a perception survey with delegates to the OECD Working Party on Open Government.
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  • 58
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264810839 , 9789264817692 , 9789264927490
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (171 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Portugal
    Kurzfassung: The Civic Space Review of Portugal provides an in-depth analysis of the national legal frameworks, policies, institutions, and practices relevant to civic space protection, with an emphasis on harnessing user input to facilitate people-centred public service reforms. The Review assesses three key areas: 1) protecting the civic freedoms and information environment that create the conditions for public service reforms; 2) strengthening stakeholder and citizen participation in the process; and 3) moving towards more inclusive, accessible and people-centred public service design and delivery. The two case studies and concrete recommendations in the review offer a tangible path towards more inclusive, participatory public services that place citizens at their core.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264480186 , 9789264744400 , 9789264849303
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (76 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Hungary
    Kurzfassung: This report provides an assessment of Hungary’s Draft Medium Term National Anti-Corruption Strategy for 2023-2025 (NACS) and the Action Plan for its implementation. The NACS is one of several steps Hungary is taking to improve its rule of law performance. This report highlights strengths and makes recommendations for improving the NACS based on international good practice, the OECD’s Public Integrity Indicators, and Hungary’s commitments within its Recovery and Resilience Plan and remedial measures.
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  • 60
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264502130 , 9789264602755 , 9789264858107
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Global warming is likely to reach 1.5°C as early as in 2030, with current climate action falling short of meeting the Paris Agreement goals and a mounting risk of tipping beyond the ability of human societies to adapt. Building on broader OECD work on climate, this report proposes a new OECD territorial climate indicator framework and demonstrates that the potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, adapt to climate impacts and address vulnerabilities varies across different territories. The report also presents a policy framework of 9 recommended actions to help decision makers unleash more effective climate action and resilience, both by integrating a territorial approach into national and subnational climate policies and by mainstreaming climate objectives into urban, rural and regional policies. The report summarises the analysis into a checklist for national and local governments to implement a territorial approach to climate and resilience policies, as well as a compendium of 36 best practices from cities, regions and countries from all around the world.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264890343 , 9789264573642 , 9789264456655
    Sprache: Rumänisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting Corruption Risk Management Methodology in Romania: Applying Behavioural Insights to Public Integrity
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: Managementul riscurilor de corupție este o măsură importantă pentru promovarea integrității publice în mod eficient și efectiv. Acest raport analizează metodologia actuală de management a riscurilor de corupție în cadrul administrației publice centrale din România din perspectiva domeniului intervențiilor comportamentale. După prezentarea metodologiei românești de management a riscurilor de corupție și analiza provocărilor legate de implementarea sa, raportul oferă patru căi concrete pentru asumarea și punerea în aplicare a metodologiei. Strategiile inspirate comportamental sunt concepute pentru a îmbunătăți capacitățile, oportunitățile și motivațiile oficialilor publici de a identifica riscurile de corupție, a evalua probabilitatea și impactul acestora și a proiecta măsuri de control mai eficiente.
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  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264424128 , 9789264317130 , 9789264578845
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (121 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Science and Technology ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: The Digital Government Review of Romania evaluates the efforts made by the government to transition towards digital government. It provides in-depth analysis and actionable policy recommendations to improve institutional governance, digital investments, digital talent and skills, government service delivery and the strategic use of data, including open government data. The findings can help Romania use digital technology and data to make its public sector more responsive, resilient and proactive in serving citizens and businesses.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264934016 , 9789264616271 , 9789264777941
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (71 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Strengthening Integrity Leadership in Brazil’s Federal Public Administration: Applying Behavioural Insights for Public Integrity
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Brazil
    Kurzfassung: Os comportamentos dos gestores de alto e médio escalão são importantes para promover culturas organizacionais abertas, mitigar os riscos à integridade e fomentar o comportamento ético de seus funcionários. Este relatório examina as principais questões relacionadas à liderança em integridade na administração pública federal do Brasil, com base em uma ampla pesquisa com altos agentes públicos. Informado e inspirado por insights comportamentais, ele fornece recomendações concretas para o fortalecimento da liderança em integridade no Brasil.
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  • 64
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.9
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The rapid acceleration in the pace of AI innovation in recent years and the advent of content generating capabilities (Generative AI or GenAI) have increased interest in AI innovation in finance, in part due to the user-friendliness and intuitive interface of GenAI tools. The use of AI in financial markets involving full end-to-end automation without any human intervention remains largely at development phase, but its wider deployment could amplify risks already present in financial markets and give rise to new challenges. This paper presents recent evolutions in AI in finance and potential risks and discusses whether policy makers may need to reinforce policies and strengthen protection against these risks.
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  • 65
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Fraude fiscale aux dividendes : Renforcer la sensibilisation aux montages d’arbitrage de dividendes
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Taxation
    Kurzfassung: Dividend stripping is a type of fraud that is committed through a complex mechanism of trading, selling and repurchasing shares over a certain period to unlawfully avoid payment of dividend taxes, or to claim unjustified tax reimbursements. Dividend stripping in its many forms poses a great challenge to the tax bases of numerous jurisdictions and may create market distortions that corrode the integrity of the financial system. This report is intended to raise awareness of dividend stripping frauds and provides a number of recommendations for countries around recognising the risk, improving domestic co-ordination and expanding international co-operation. In particular, tackling dividend stripping requires strong domestic inter-agency co-ordination and international co-operation, as well as the sharing of information between jurisdictions. Countries may therefore wish to prepare targeted actions and comprehensive strategies against this phenomenon, including not only tax administrations and law enforcement, but also financial regulators and supervisory authorities, as well as anti-money laundering competent authorities. Legislative changes may also be required in some cases.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789264942738 , 9789264444331 , 9789264316003
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (121 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: This Public Communication Scan of the United Kingdom, the first such scan of an OECD Member country, brings new insights to the OECD’s work on understanding how public communication contributes to democratic governance. The scan analyses how the United Kingdom’s Government Communication Service (GCS) is building a more effective communication function amid changes to the information ecosystem and how it can help make policymaking more responsive to citizens' needs. The analysis and recommendations in this Scan highlight opportunities for the GCS and the UK Government to align ongoing communication reforms with actions to promote more inclusive and people-centred communication that contributes to greater engagement, improved public trust, and better policy outcomes.
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  • 67
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264866683 , 9789264697263 , 9789264367203
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Rural Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Industry and Services ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; United States
    Kurzfassung: When it comes to high-tech innovations, the United States leads the path amongst OECD economies. However, in the context of the national record-breaking activities in high tech innovation, there lies distinct and growing geographical disparities. This report dives into strategies for better understanding innovation that occurs in rural places, and places outside major metropolitan areas, often going beyond science and technology. It provides analysis and recommendations to support regional development initiatives aimed at closing the gaps in innovation between rural and urban areas. The report includes a special topic chapter on the role of broadband and education in rural areas, exploring trends and providing policy recommendations to enhance rural innovation through these specific and critical framework conditions.
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  • 68
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.41
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Millions of children around the globe experience justice problems and legal needs, which are especially acute for children facing other adversities and disadvantages. To this end, this OECD Child-Friendly Justice Framework supports countries in developing a government-wide strategy to strengthen child-friendly practices in the justice system. Building on the analysis of the legal needs of children and challenges they face when confronting justice problems, this framework provides a basis for child-friendly reforms of justice systems, in line with international standards and obligations. Underpinned by a clear child-centric purpose, the framework provides guidance and good practice examples for (1) designing and delivering child-friendly justice services, (2) establishing the governance enablers and infrastructure to support child-friendly services, (3) empowering children and justice system workers to facilitate child-friendly justice, and (4) planning, monitoring and accountability needed to ensure that child justice reforms are effective and sustained.
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  • 69
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264788534
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (131 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Совершенствование правовой среды предпринимательства и инвестиционной деятельности в странах Центральной Азии: отчет о прогрессе
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Development
    Kurzfassung: While Central Asia has proven relatively resilient to the shocks of COVID-19, China’s slowdown and Russia’s war in Ukraine, declining trend rates of growth across the region, lacklustre productivity performance and lingering global uncertainty underscore the need to address weaknesses in the business and investment climate. The implementation of predictable rules, the creation of a level-playing field between firms and greater competition in markets, in particular, could encourage both local entrepreneurs and foreign investors to invest and grow in the region. This report presents an assessment of progress since the 2019-2020 analysis of the legal environment for business and investment in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan against the backdrop of the changing international context brought about by COVID and the war.
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  • 70
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Dividend Tax Fraud: Raising Awareness of Dividend Stripping Schemes
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Taxation
    Kurzfassung: L’arbitrage de dividendes est une forme de fraude commise par le truchement d’un dispositif complexe d’opérations de négociation, de vente et de rachat d’actions exécutées sur une période bien précise et dont le but est d’éluder l’impôt sur les dividendes ou de solliciter des remboursements illégitimes de la retenue à la source sur le dividende. Sous ses diverses variantes, l’arbitrage de dividendes représente une menace sérieuse en termes d’érosion de la base d’imposition pour de nombreuses juridictions. Il peut en outre engendrer des distorsions de marché qui portent atteinte à l’intégrité du système financier. Ce rapport a pour objet de sensibiliser aux pratiques frauduleuses reposant sur l’arbitrage de dividendes et offre aux pays plusieurs recommandations permettant d’identifier les risques posés par ce phénomène, d’améliorer la coordination entre les autorités nationales et de renforcer la coopération internationale. En particulier, la lutte contre ce phénomène exige une étroite coordination entre organismes publics nationaux, une forte coopération internationale et un réseau efficace d’échange de renseignements entre juridictions. À cet égard, les pays peuvent envisager des actions ciblées et des stratégies globales, qui associent les administrations fiscales et les autorités répressives, mais aussi les organismes de régulation et de surveillance financières, ainsi que les autorités compétentes en matière de lutte contre le blanchiment de capitaux. Dans certains cas, des modifications de la législation peuvent également s’avérer nécessaires.
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  • 71
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264761735
    Sprache: Arabisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (217 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manuel de l'OCDE sur l'intégrité publique
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual de Integridade Pública da OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Public Integrity Handbook
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual de la OCDE sobre Integridad Pública
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Handbuch Integrität im öffentlichen Leben
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: يوفر دليل النزاهة العامة الصادر عن منظمة التعاون الاقتصادي والتنمية، إرشادات للحكومات والشركات والمجتمع المدني بشأن تنفيذ توصية المنظمة بشأن النزاهة العامة. يوضح الدليل المعنى العملي للمبادئ الثلاثة عشر للتوصية ويبين التحديات التي تعرقل تنفيذها. يقدم الدليل إرشادات حول تطوير آليات التعاون داخل الحكومة، وكذلك بين المستويات الوطنية والمحلية. لبناء أسس النزاهة في الحكومة والمجتمع، يُفصّل الدليل العناصر الأساسية لنظام إدارة الموارد البشرية القائم على الكفاءة ومكونات الثقافة المؤسساتية المنفتحة. كما يوضح دور الحكومة في تقديم التوجيه لقطاع الأعمال والمجتمع المدني والمواطنين حول التمسك بقيم النزاهة العامة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يشرح الدليل كيفية استخدام عملية إدارة المخاطر لتقييم وإدارة مخاطر النزاهة، ويحدد كيفية استخدام نظام الإنفاذ لضمان المساءلة الحقيقية في حالة حدوث خرق للنزاهة.
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  • 72
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Public Expenditure Review
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal Policy ; Fiscal Spending ; Governance ; Government Revenue
    Kurzfassung: Bulgaria has traditionally adhered to fiscal discipline and prudent fiscal policy since the introduction of its currency board arrangement in mid-1997. After a gradual decline in the 2000s, public debt has remained among the lowest in the European Union (EU), hovering in a narrow band between 17 and 29 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) for the last 10 years. The low level of public debt has been supported by relatively low fiscal deficits or even surpluses in some years. This has helped the fiscal system absorb recent shocks relatively unscathed and provided sufficient fiscal space to address emerging crises and limit the scarring on economic activity, the labor market, and incomes. This report provides fresh evidence on Bulgaria's fiscal landscape and some of the key issues that fiscal policy may need to address going forward. To start with, the report looks at opportunities to increase revenue collection with two special focuses - the value-added tax (VAT) compliance gap and health taxes (excises on tobacco and alcohol products). Social spending effectiveness in reducing headline poverty and child poverty in particular also requires urgent attention from policy makers. An updated fiscal incidence analysis shows that Bulgaria's fiscal system has a limited impact on overall poverty; neither is it effective in addressing child poverty, as it reduces it by just 0.3 percentage points
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  • 73
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Economic and Sector Work Reports
    Schlagwort(e): Data Analysis ; Data Collection ; Economic Growth ; Governance ; ICT Data and Statistics ; Index Construction ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Results Reporting ; Technology ; Validation
    Kurzfassung: The 2021 GovTech Maturity Index (GTMI) report and underlying dataset provide opportunities to replicate the study, identify gaps in digital transformation by comparing the differences among economies and groups of economies, and track changes over time in a transparent way. The dataset will be updated every two years to reflect developments in the GovTech domain. This 2022 GTMI update report and the accompanying dataset and new data dashboard present the progress within the last two years, highlight some of the good practices, and identify existing gaps for possible improvements in countries at the technology frontier. As with the 2020 edition, economies are grouped, not ranked, to illustrate the state of GovTech focus areas globally. This overview report presents a summary of the approach, how the 2022 GTMI dataset update is different, improvements in the GTMI dataset contents and visualization tools and GTMI group calculations, and initial findings and key messages
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  • 74
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 11872
    Schlagwort(e): Economic and Employment Structure ; Economic Growth ; Governance ; Inflation ; Labor Force Participation ; Learning Employable Skills ; Skills Development System ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) ; Youth Employment
    Kurzfassung: Tanzania's rapidly growing population, particularly its youth, faces challenges in entering the labor market due to limited employable skills. This policy note first reviews the demand-side factors including Tanzania's economic, employment, and labor force characteristics, then it critically analyzes the technical and vocational education and training (TVET) and skills development system. It draws from existing studies and available data to provide an overview of key sector issues and highlights the challenges that require attention as they relate to cultivating employable skills for all Tanzanian youth. This policy note complements the World Bank Policy Note on Strengthening Basic Education System and Improving Learning Outcomes and offers timely input to the government's ongoing effort to strengthen the TVET sector
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  • 75
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (30 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Islam, Asif M Data Transparency in the Middle East and North Africa
    Schlagwort(e): Access To Government Information and Data ; Data Access ; Data Openness ; Governance ; Industry ; Poor Data Ecosystems ; Social Contract for Data ; Statistical Capacity ; Transparent Economic Data
    Kurzfassung: Data transparency about critical economic issues may be key to driving growth and enhancing trust in government in the Middle East and North Africa. Several knowledge products and technical analyses on the region have been greatly constrained by the lack of availability of detailed data, and the relatively outdated nature of many available datasets. The goal of this study is to ascertain the state of data systems in the Middle East and North Africa region. Through analysis of several indicators, with their limitations in mind, the study uses descriptive analyses and uncovers six stylized facts of the region: (i) developing economies in the Middle East and North Africa have poor data ecosystems, largely due to the prevalence of conflict; (ii) developing economies in the Middle East and North Africa as a group have experienced the largest deterioration in data systems over time; (iii) data systems in richer economies in the Middle East and North Africa region underperform relative to their income peers; (iv) Gulf Cooperation Council economies underperform in data openness, especially online access, despite having the resources for online features; (v) the regulatory framework for data (data infrastructure) is poor throughout the region, especially in Gulf Cooperation Council economies; and (vi) the dispersion of source data scores - a measure of availability and timeliness of micro data - in the region suggests that national statistical offices in the region could learn from each other. Furthermore, the study summarizes data availability and timeliness for specific macro, micro, and public health indicators for countries across the region. The need for forging a social contract for data is discussed, as well as the role international institutions can play through a statistics compact for the region
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  • 76
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Cloud Computing ; Data Classification ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Institutional Framework ; Security
    Kurzfassung: Despite widespread awareness on the benefits of cloud computing, authorities in most of the World Bank's client countries have not explored the opportunity of adopting cloud computing solutions. Task teams are finding it difficult to provide relevant advice to the counterparts and address their concerns. Most authorities have identified risks of moving to cloud computing: Will their data be safe? Will they have sovereign control over access to data stored offshore? Will privacy be protected? These risks are real. Due to an inadequate assessment framework to identify and assess these risks, the typical response of most client governments is to develop a government's cloud (G-Cloud or GovCloud). This seems logical for more sensitive or mission critical data. However, this is not enough. Adopting a hybrid cloud model, which leverages the cloud services from the private sector to work in conjunction with the G-Cloud can offer immense opportunities to save costs, improve security, enhance performance, and strengthen resilience in a post COVID-19 world. However, client governments need guidance to change their policy response on cloud computing - from the risk-avoidance to the one of risk-management. This note provides guidance on institutional and procurement arrangements and risk mitigation methodology for acquiring and managing public cloud solutions using a whole-of-government approach
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  • 77
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (90 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Blum, Jurgen Rene Introducing E-Procurement in Bangladesh: The Promise of Efficiency and Openness
    Schlagwort(e): E-Procurement ; Governance ; Government Procurement ; Impact Evaluation ; International Economics and Trade ; Public Procurement
    Kurzfassung: Governments around the world spend about one-third of their budgets through public procurement systems where electronic administration of public tenders promises great benefits. However, surprisingly little is known about how, under which circumstances, and through which features electronic systems work. To address these questions, this paper looks at the introduction of an electronic procurement system compared to a fully paper-based system in Bangladesh in 2011-16. The impact of the electronic procurement system on access to public tenders, their economy, and administrative efficiency is estimated. Contracts were matched both within procuring entities and years, and fixed effects regressions were run to address biases emanating from nonrandom assignment to treatment. The findings show an overwhelmingly positive impact. Access improves, with the number of bidders increasing by 1.6-2.2 and the probability of a single bidder decreasing by 7.8-13.5 percentage points. Economy also improves as discounts firms offer increase by 7.4-8.0 percentage points. Administrative efficiency greatly improves too: the total time of processing a tender-starting from the public call for tenders to contract signature-drops by 15.6-19.2 days. However, it is possible that low performance and rent-seeking were displaced to the contract implementation phase, which remained principally paper-administered. These results indicate that the government directly saved USD 460 million to USD 513 million in the analyzed electronic tenders, largely due to increased winning rebates and lower advertising costs. Considering the indirect macro effects, the introduction of electronic procurement increased Bangladesh's gross domestic product by 0.48 to 0.54 percent, or USD 1.4 billion to USD 1.6 billion in 2019
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  • 78
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Additionality ; Banking Sector ; Capacity Building ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Additionality ; Financial Collaboration ; Financial Competition ; Governance ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Nonfinancial Additionality
    Kurzfassung: Additionality is a core feature of private sector development finance institutions (DFIs). It is the unique contribution that a DFI or a multilateral/ bilateral bank brings to a private investment project that is not offered by commercial sources of finance. The key idea is that the investment project should add value without crowding out private sector activity. Identifying and articulating project additionality is particularly important in middle- income countries (MICs) since financial markets in MICs are more developed, and private investment far exceeds official development assistance. This evaluation report examines the relevance and effectiveness of IFC's approach to additionality in MICs and seeks to explain the factors that contribute to or constrain its realization. While the evaluation focuses on IFC's additionality on the level of the project, it also applies the lens of country and sector context to draw additional learning. Thus, it considers whether additionality can occur beyond the level of a single project-for example, at the country and sector level. Both at the project level and beyond the project, the evaluation derives lessons and offers recommendations on how IFC can further strengthen its additionality
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  • 79
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Schlagwort(e): Complimentary Service Delivery ; Conditional Cash Transfer ; Governance ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Pandemic Impact on Service Delivery ; Positive Behavioral Change ; Psychology ; Public Health Promotion ; Service Delivery During School Closing ; Social Development ; Strategic Communications ; Youth and Governance ; Youth Development
    Kurzfassung: An important component of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), the flagship conditional cash transfer (CCT) program of the Philippines, is the delivery of complementary services such as Family Development Sessions (FDS) and Youth Development Sessions (YDS) to program beneficiaries. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, these were regular face-to-face sessions providing practical information on topics such as parenting, early childhood care, and disaster preparedness to adult beneficiaries and guidance on adolescent dynamics to young children in 4Ps households, with the overall aim of promoting positive behavioral changes. This technical note examines the process undertaken to enhance and align the content of the FDS and YDS based on the 4Ps law that mandates a maximum 7-year operational period, and it discusses feedback and insights from beneficiaries and implementers. Moreover, it considers the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and related lockdowns, which have led to mobility restrictions among beneficiaries and implementers since March 2020. Due to the pandemic, the delivery of FDS have relied mostly on broadcast and social media platforms, with options for small group neighborhood sessions in areas with low rates of COVID-19 infections, while YDS have been mostly suspended due to school closures nationwide, without in-person gathering. For a more effective delivery of these learning sessions, this policy note proposes key recommendations on adapting to future shocks and emerging beneficiary needs, developing strategic communications, mobilizing resources, strengthening monitoring and evaluation, and connecting to core values. In particular, it proposes regular updating of module content to maintain relevance and applicability, strengthening alternative modes of program delivery to increase coverage, providing training to facilitators to improve capacity, raising awareness to increase program uptake, creating a clear monitoring and evaluation system to track progress, leveraging the use of technology, and providing post-program exit support to sustain positive behavioral changes among beneficiaries
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  • 80
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (27 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Pertev, Rasit Economics of Political Clientelism and Corruption - A Theoretical Pathway
    Schlagwort(e): Civil Unrest Provocation ; Conflict and Fragility ; Corruption Prevention ; Democracy and Growth ; Governance ; Patronal Politics ; Political Patronage ; Political Systems and Government ; Politics and Government ; Public Sector Governance
    Kurzfassung: This paper proposes a preliminary economic model of political clientelism and corruption in developing countries with weak rule of law. It explains why this corruption is often chronic and persistent, and further examines its impact on fragility, conflict, and violence. The basic model is built in three stages: (i) political party strategies vis-a-vis clientelist options using a game-theoretical approach, (ii) strategies of using state repression and violence to complement electoral clientelism, and (iii) strategies of geographical/ethnic entities on remaining within a given republic or breaking away. The model predicts that the first clientelist party in power can monopolize government for long periods and further consolidate power by blending in state violence. Political clientelism and corruption are likely to provoke geographically distinct communities and movements to challenge the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country concerned. The impact on fragility is predicted as greatest during monopolistic and dictatorial clientelism. Governance structures of inegalitarian or unjust local traditional authorities are shown to be an important independent factor provoking separatism. Separatist movements are predicted to be left leaning or egalitarian in the beginning of their struggle. As economies grow and shift away from a patronage-based private sector toward a productive one, individuals are likely to be protective of their enterprises and incomes against the aleatory decisions of a clientelist government. Therefore, a substantially enhanced investment in a productive private sector may likely be a better longer term anti-corruption strategy than exclusively focusing on governance, accountability, and accounting measures
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  • 81
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Schlagwort(e): Capital Markets ; Capital Markets and Capital Flows ; Climate Change ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Inclusion ; Poverty Alleviation ; Resilience ; Shared Prosperity ; Sustainability ; Sustainable Finance
    Kurzfassung: This annual report, which covers the period from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023, has been prepared by the Executive Directors of both the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA)-collectively known as the World Bank-in accordance with the respective bylaws of the two institutions. Ajay Banga, President of the World Bank Group and Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors, has submitted this report, together with the accompanying administrative budgets and audited financial statements, to the Board of Governors
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  • 82
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2181
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Management ; Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance ; Governance ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Public Sector Development ; Score Analysis ; Sector Management and Institutions ; Social Inclusion and Equity ; Structural Policies ; Trends
    Kurzfassung: The Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) for Africa is an annual diagnostic tool for Sub-Saharan African countries that are eligible for financing from the International Development Association (IDA), the part of the World Bank that helps the world's poorest countries. The CPIA Africa 2023 report provides an assessment of the quality of policies and institutions in all 39 IDA-eligible countries in Sub-Saharan Africa for calendar year 2022. The average overall CPIA score for Sub-Saharan Africa remained unchanged at 3.1 in 2022. Economic and social resilience continues to be tested in all countries in Sub-Saharan Africa amid tight global credit markets, as institutional capacity for restoring stability and delivering sustained growth remains a challenge. Such resilience is also fundamental to responding to global climate change and the expected market shifts as the world economy transitions to green energy. The recovery of economic activity in the region following the slowdown caused by COVID-19 has been multispeed, with wide variation across countries. Global events that diverted attention away from longer-term development priorities marked 2022. Inflation was the predominant form in which international pressures translated to domestic economies in Sub-Saharan Africa, resulting in stress on social policies and government budgets, on account of divergent responses by governments and private sector competition. In some countries, this has led to significant stress on debt sustainability, highlighting the importance of debt management, budgetary oversight, and financial soundness. An opportunity for regrouping on policy reforms arose in the second half of 2022, as gas prices declined after a mild European winter and China lifted health-related restrictions. Despite global economic challenges, more countries in Sub-Saharan Africa saw improvements in their overall CPIA scores compared to the previous year. In Western and Central Africa (AFW), the overall score increased for eight countries-Benin, Cabo Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, the Republic of Congo, and Togo. The overall score increased for four countries in Eastern and Southern Africa (AFE)-Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique, and Zambia. In contrast, the overall score decreased for eight countries-Chad, the Comoros, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Sao Tome and Principe, and Sudan. The countries with improved scores made notable advancements in the economic management, policies for social inclusion, and governance clusters. Conversely, the countries with declining scores faced economic management and governance challenges. For the most part, the countries that received downgrades were positioned toward the lower end of the scale, while the upgraded countries generally had overall scores above 3, indicating a growing divergence in scores across the region in 2022
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  • 83
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Development Effectiveness ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; International Economics and Trade ; Procurement Capacity Building ; Procurement Of Goods ; Procurement Of Services ; Procurement Reform ; Public Procurement ; Public Procurement Of Works
    Kurzfassung: In 2015, the World Bank approved a new procurement framework, which aimed to reform its approach to procurement. The World Bank's reform was intended to reform its procurement systems and the way procurement is supported in client countries. The procurement reform emphasized seven core principles of value for money for decision-making, efficiency, economy, integrity, fairness, transparency, and fit for purpose. Anchoring the reform in a set of principles was intended to promote greater flexibility and more effective operational procurement. The procurement reform is a continuous change management process. The objective of the evaluation is to assess the results, successes, and challenges of the World Bank's procurement since the reforms made in 2016 and thus help inform its continuation
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  • 84
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Developing Countries ; Economic Adjustment and Lending ; Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Resource-Backed Lending ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Transparency
    Kurzfassung: This paper investigates the characteristics of resource-backed lending across sub-Saharan Africa. To shed light on this type of lending, the paper presents new information on thirty resource-backed loans identified through publicly available information between 2004-2018. These loans are concentrated in a few countries, where they represent a sizable fraction of all borrowing, they are typically taken by central governments and state-owned enterprises. While loan terms are mostly opaque, where data is available, we find that such loans are not cheaper than regular loans. The authors highlight opportunities to improve transparency and offer some suggestions for improving the governance of collateralized borrowings across developing countries
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 39458
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation to Climate Change ; FCS ; Fragility and Conflict ; Governance ; GOVTECH ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Political Economy ; Reforms
    Kurzfassung: This report takes stock of the development of GovTech solutions in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations (FCS), be they characterized by low institutional capacity and/or by active conflict and provides insights on challenges and opportunities for implementing GovTech reforms in such contexts. It is aimed at practitioners and policy makers working in FCS but will also be useful for practitioners working in Fragility, Conflict, and Violence (FCV) contexts, at-risk countries, or low-income countries as some similar challenges and opportunities can be present. Chapter 1 describes the methodology and provides basic definitions of FCV and GovTech as well as the rationale for the report. Chapter 2 provides an overview of GovTech in FCS, based on the analysis of GovTech Maturity Index (G_TMJ) data, and common challenges to GovTech in FCS. Chapter 3 analyzes the state of GovTech reforms per pillar in FCS and illustrates these with selected examples. Chapter 4 concludes with some recommendations for designing and implementing GovTech projects in these contexts based on the analysis
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  • 86
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2196
    Schlagwort(e): Employment and Unemployment ; Governance ; Health Insurance ; Health Service Management and Delivery ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; RIPSS ; Service Delivery ; T2D ; Universal Health Insurance
    Kurzfassung: The aim of this report is to document the fidelity of the implementation of the RIPSS in the Huetar-Atlantica Region in Costa Rica. Implementation fidelity seeks to assess the extent to which an intervention is implemented as planned and, for this, the PIPs were contrasted with what was implemented in practice. The assessment identified the following: (i) gaps in the implementation that require subsequent actions, and (ii) the core elements for the sustainability and scale-up of the RIPSS
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  • 87
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: r02
    Schlagwort(e): Gender ; Gender Equality Performance ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Gender Strategy Results ; Governance ; Independent Gender Evaluation ; International Finance Corporation Results ; International Governmental Organizations ; World Bank Results
    Kurzfassung: This Approach Paper proposes an independent evaluation of the results achieved by the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation (IFC) in supporting countries (understood as governments, private sector, civil society, and citizens at large) to address gender inequalities and the contribution of the gender strategy for fiscal years (FY)16-23
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  • 88
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Education Study
    Schlagwort(e): Access ; Child-Centered Curriculum ; Governance ; Governance, Preschool Education ; Nutrition and Health ; Universal Enrollment
    Kurzfassung: The potential benefits from supporting early childhood development range from healthy development to a greater capacity to learn and increased productivity in adulthood. Despite undertaking various preschool education reforms and initiatives, issues of access and quality remain and continue to grow. The Malaysia Education Blueprint (2013-2025) set a target to achieve universal preschool enrollment by 2020, and Malaysia, along with many other developing countries, has yet to achieve this. Findings from the World Bank's preschool survey and stakeholder interviews carried out for this report point to a range of issues, such as a lack of preschool seat availability in certain areas, low awareness among parents on the benefits of sending their children to preschools, affordability of preschool expenses, low teacher quality, and concerns over the overlapping roles between the multiple ministries and agencies that oversee ECCE in Malaysia. This review is carried out in collaboration with the Ministry of Education (MOE) and is a comprehensive assessment of Malaysia's current preschool education landscape. The review aims to identify the gaps between the targets and aspirations set by MOE and the government under various policy documents and the outcomes to date. It also aims to deep-dive into the underlying reasons for these gaps, and seek solutions to close them and achieve the aspirations. This report synthesizes the findings from research, analysis, and stakeholder engagement activities, and is organized by a framework of targets, pillars, and enablers
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  • 89
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (70 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Bossavie, Laurent Impacts of Extremist Ideologies on Refugees' Integration: Evidence from Afghan Refugees in Tajikistan
    Schlagwort(e): Extremism ; Female Education ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Governance ; Refugees ; Slow Refugee Integration ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Taliban Impact ; Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement
    Kurzfassung: This paper examines the effect of exposure to extremist ideologies on the integration of Afghan refugees in Tajikistan, using a 2023 census following the Taliban's takeover in Afghanistan. It finds that Afghan refugees born in provinces with increased Taliban territorial control between 2017 and 2021, despite having comparable pre-migration characteristics, are less integrated into their host communities than other refugees. They also show lower educational levels and more mental health problems. However, there is no observed impact of this exposure on their income, consumption, or employment
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2206
    Schlagwort(e): Data Governance ; Digital Transformation ; E-Government ; FCV ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Palestinian Authority (PA) ; Public Sector Data
    Kurzfassung: Data serves many purposes in the public sector: first as infrastructure that supports services and enables transactions between diverse stakeholders in a network, from government to businesses and to citizens; and second as an evidence base for governance and decision-making. Most recently, the value of data was demonstrated through efforts to manage the COVID-19 pandemic using data to aid in disease contact tracing, provide information, guide policies, and inform spending of funds. Public sector and government data sources such as censuses, national surveys, and administrative data, combined with data produced by the private sector helping to fill data gaps, provide timelier and finer-scale assessments of programs and policies, and serve public policy and development needs. Businesses can create value from government data by integrating it with data produced by the private sector. This highlights the importance of efficient and effective data sharing, reuse, and interoperability between different actors to better realize development objectives. This report describes the key findings on: leadership on data use and sharing in the government; key enablers for better public sector data use; key legal, regulatory, and policy safeguards that facilitate the trusted use, reuse, and sharing of data in a safe and secure manner; key stakeholders and their role and responsibilities in the data governance framework; and a proposed action plan
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  • 91
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2153
    Schlagwort(e): Climate Change and Agriculture ; Communities and Human Settlements ; Conflict and Development ; Covid and Refugee Welfare Covid ; Economic Growth ; Food Security ; Forceably Displaced Populations (FDP) ; Gender and Development ; Governance ; Host Population Welfare ; Labor Markets ; Refugee Education ; Refugee Labor Market
    Kurzfassung: This report makes several contributions to the literature on the welfare of FDPs and their hosts. On the data front, the harmonized database compiled for this report represents a large and unique source of information on the welfare of both hosts and FDPs during the period of an unprecedented pandemic. The data span 14 countries from different regions, populations of concern (IDPs, refugees, hosts), and accommodation types (in camps, out of camps). Over a fifth of the global population displaced before the start of the pandemic is represented in this database, allowing for direct comparison and aggregation of results across countries and subgroups. The report also brings a policy lens to the analysis. By examining the role of existing labor market and education policies in the hosting country using newly available information from a cross country, up-to-date policy database, the data yield important insights. In addition, the report examinesaid financing trends using disbursement-level data from OECD's Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and a labor-intensive keyword search approach to teaseout disbursements that are intended for displaced populations. The rest of the report is organized as follows. Section 2 describes the data used in this exercise, including the samples, the harmonization process, and the resulting database. Section 3 presents the key results on the welfare impact of the forcibly displaced and their hosts during the pandemic and ensuing crises. Where relevant and possible, theresults are linked to preexisting sectoral polices that were in place in hosting countries before the pandemic. Section 4 discusses the recent trend in official development assistance (ODA) intended for displaced populations. The report concludes with adiscussion of the results and a set of forward-looking policy recommendations, focusing on inclusive social policies and sustainable financing aimedat promoting self-reliance among the displaced, and on lessons learned for data collection and harmonization following this unprecedented endeavor
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  • 92
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (52 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Gasmi, Farid An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa: Region and the Role of Digitalization in its Transformation
    Schlagwort(e): Digital Divide ; Digital Transformation ; Govenment Provision and Protection ; Governance ; National Governance ; OECD ; Organization for Economic Development ; Participation ; Social Contract
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents an empirical application and analysis of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper suggests a simple operational model that synthesizes a social contract's three main characteristics: participation, protection, and provision, between a government and its citizens. This empirical "3-P" framework allows investigating the role that government provision and protection may have on citizen participation, which is particularly pertinent given the political and economic development of countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper compares the evaluation of the health of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa region to that of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The empirical evidence shows that the social benefits provided to citizens through improved delivery of basic services have come at the cost of impaired political participation. This feature of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa may be considered one of the root causes of the social turmoil some countries have been struggling with in recent decades. Digital transformation is a potentially powerful channel through which the relationship between government and citizens can improve, and the paper finds that it has a three-year lagged positive effect on the quality of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa and the effect is inversely U-shaped. This suggests that structural and institutional improvements are needed in countries in the Middle East and North Africa for the quality of their social contract to reach levels comparable to those of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
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  • 93
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2152
    Schlagwort(e): Diagnostics ; Governance ; Health Care Reform ; Human Capital ; Information Systems ; Per Allocation ; Skills Development and Labor Force Training ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: Timor-Leste is facing a human capital crisis. Children born in Timor-Leste today will be less than half as productive as adults as they could be if they enjoyed complete education and full health. Moreover, the Petroleum Fund, the main driver of the economy since the country's independence in 2002, risks being depleted within a decade, threatening the sustainability of Timor-Leste's economy, as well as health, education, and social protection systems. The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified and accelerated these challenges and deepened socioeconomic and geographic inequalities across the country. To be ready for a future that will be primarily driven by the country's human capital assets, the time available to Timor-Leste is limited and the task at hand an enormous one. Despite this daunting outlook, there are opportunities of a lifetime that need to be seized now to address this crisis. The country's population is primarily young, and a rapidly closing window of opportunity exists to build high levels of human capital through quality education, health, nutrition, and social protection. By capitalizing on the youth bulge and translating it into a demographic dividend, the people of Timor-Leste can become the drivers of the country's economic growth. Eight key messages can be distilled from the 2023 Timor-Leste Human Capital Review (HCR). These messages serve as a common reference point for the Government of Timor-Leste (GoTL) and other stakeholders active in human development to identify short- and medium-term priorities for investment in health, education, and social protection. Together, these can yield individual-level and macro-level economic benefits and improve development outcomes
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 36277
    Schlagwort(e): Air Transport ; Airports and Air Services ; Connectivity ; Governance ; Infrastructure ; Resilience ; Tourism ; Transport ; Urban Development
    Kurzfassung: The lack of land connectivity among the Caribbean Island nations and the growing significance of the tourism sector as a key economic pillar have underscored the importance of improved air connectivity for economic growth and shared prosperity in the region. On average, tourism's contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) for the region rose from 12 percent in 2011 to 15.2 percent in 2017, accounting for 4.3 percent of the jobs (CIA, The World FactBook). Almost half these contributions can be traced to capital investments in the travel and tourism industry, while one-third is linked to tourism-related service industries. Overall, Caribbean origin and destination air passenger traffic grew by 50 percent between 2007 and 2017, from approximately 40 million to nearly 60 million passengers annually. However, intra-regional passenger traffic remained flat and declined in some countries, including in Grenada, Dominica, and Saint Lucia. While post-2017 regionwide data is limited, evidence indicates that these trends persist
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Schlagwort(e): Communicable Diseases ; COVID-19 Pandemic Respons ; Disease Control and Prevention ; Governance ; Health Policy and Management ; Health Systems ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; National Governance ; Public Health Emergency Response ; Public Health Promotion ; Public Health Risk ; Successful COVID Countermeasures
    Kurzfassung: The response of the government of the Republic of Korea to COVID-19 has been heralded as among the most successful. In the first two years of the pandemic, the government was able to keep the size of the outbreak relatively small and the death toll relatively low. Although the number of COVID-19 cases jumped significantly subsequently in 2022 and 2023 due to the spread of the more transmissible Omicron variant and a revamped testing regime that cast a broader net to detect infections, Korea had a much lower rate of total confirmed COVID-19 deaths per million population than other high income countries (676 in Korea, as compared to 3,379 in the United Kingdom, 3,331 in the United States, and 2,599 in France). The government achieved this relatively positive result without resorting to the highly restrictive measures that were adopted by most high-income countries, such as strictly controlling borders, shuttering businesses, or issuing severe lockdown or stay-at-home orders. Indeed, since the start of the outbreak in January 2020, the distinguishing features of the response in Korea include the government's ability to mobilize swiftly, even in the early stages of the pandemic, to flatten the epidemic curve. This report dissects the COVID-19 countermeasures successfully adopted in Korea. The analysis draws out insights and lessons that may be relevant to other countries as they mount responses to ongoing crises and prepare for future public health emergencies
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  • 96
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 39458
    Schlagwort(e): Collusion ; Corruption ; Fraud ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Risk ; Law and Development ; Public Expenditure
    Kurzfassung: Corruption poses a significant threat to development and has a disproportionate impact on the poor and most vulnerable. Government agencies struggle to identify fraud and corruption in public expenditures. Risk assessments usually rely on manual analysis and follow-up on specific complaints or anecdotes which requires substantial resources. Assessments are often limited in scope and ineffective, failing to generate the evidence needed to build strong cases. The World Bank developed the Governance Risk Assessment System (GRAS), a tool that uses advanced data analytics to improve the detection of risks of fraud, corruption, and collusion in government contracting. GRAS increases the efficiency and effectiveness of audits and investigations by identifying a wide range of risk patterns. GRAS makes use of public data and is based on a robust and comprehensive conceptual framework which draws on insights from experienced practitioners and sound academic research. This report presents GRAS's main features, examples of GRAS implementation, and outlines the steps government agencies can take in applying GRAS in their countries. GRAS was developed in Brazil, where it has been piloted in four subnational governments and has helped to investigate fraud, corruption, and collusion in public procurement. Concrete results include the identification of over 850 suppliers with strong indication of collusive behavior, 450 suppliers likely registered under strawmen, 500 cases of conflict of interests involving suppliers owned by public servants, and about 4500 companies with connections to political campaigns, among other examples
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 39458
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation To Climate Change ; Digital Technologies ; E-Government ; Environment ; Governance ; Govtech ; Green Transition ; ICT Applications ; Information and Communication Technologies
    Kurzfassung: Governments are increasingly seeking opportunities to leverage digital technologies to build a greener future. This guidance note provides useful advice to policy makers underlining adequate leadership and commitment are crucial to implement coordinated GovTech and Green policies. The climate change impacts of digitalization can provide the benefits of green digital service delivery, paperless administration, and the efficiency of integrated services for a reduction of the carbon footprint. The guidance note will focus on "greening Public Administration through GovTech" defined as GovTech policies, initiatives, and/or solutions that embrace environmental considerations by design, maximizing the green benefits and considering the potential negative impacts, for example through digitalization of government processes. This guidance note is centered around three main topics: (i) the green government process through digital solutions; (ii) greening digital service delivery; and (iii) identifying policy mechanisms to mainstream green digital approaches throughout government systems
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2185
    Schlagwort(e): Central Banks ; Climate Change and Environment ; Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Risk Management ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Portfolio Management ; RAMP ; Reserve Advisory and Management Partnership ; Strategic Asset Allocation (SAA)
    Kurzfassung: This survey report represents a collaborative effort between Reserve Advisory and Management Partnership (RAMP) and central banks worldwide to advance the understanding and practice of reserve management. The cooperation of all central banks involved is greatly appreciated, and we anticipate that the findings obtained from this survey will make a valuable contribution to the ongoing success and resilience of central bank reserve management
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  • 99
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Dauda, Seidu Does State Ownership have Limits in Romania? An Assessment of Firm Performance and Market Outcomes before and during the COVID-19 Crisis
    Schlagwort(e): Competition ; Covid-19 Impacts ; Firm Performance ; Governance ; Local Government ; Market Structure ; National Governance ; Productivity of State-Owned Enterprises ; State-Owned Enterprises ; Subsidies
    Kurzfassung: This paper assesses the performance of Romanian state-owned enterprises with various degrees of ownership (minority owned with 10 to 24.9 percent stakes, minority owned with 25 to 49.9 percent stakes, and majority owned with at least 50 percent ownership stakes) and control levels (central versus local state-owned enterprises and directly versus indirectly owned state-owned enterprises) relative to privately owned enterprises. The paper uses the Romanian firm-level data from the Ministry of Finance covering enterprises of all sizes from 2011 to 2020, combined with the new World Bank Businesses of the State dataset, which tracks ownership of state business entities with at least 10 percent stake in Romania. The paper analyzes whether various degrees of state ownership and levels of control matter for state-owned enterprises' performance. The paper also assesses whether Romanian state-owned enterprises were able to act as stabilizers during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic, and how the presence of state-owned enterprises in markets correlates with market outcomes. The findings show that relative to private firms, Romanian state-owned enterprises, particularly those that are majority owned, directly owned, and local ones, employ more people, pay higher wages, but are less productive. In addition, Romanian state-owned enterprises cushioned the job and wage losses associated with the COVID-19 pandemic better than private firms, especially in competitive sectors. Finally, there is evidence that the presence of state-owned enterprises may limit private firm entry and allocative efficiency
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  • 100
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Public Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Digital Economy ; Digital Infrastructure ; Digital Tools ; E-Governance ; E-Government ; Governance ; ICT Applications ; ICT Economics ; ICT Procurement ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Public Information
    Kurzfassung: That digital technologies can be tools for better governance is widely accepted - the degree to which they can meet their potential in Africa in the near future is an open question. Are the countries in Africa caught in a trap with digital progress limited by the very governance problems that such technologies could address Or have they already progressed with large leaps forward What are the factors that limit progress from being even faster This study examines the progress and challenges in establishing the analog foundations for the use of digital technologies for better governance in Africa, and the degree of implementation of those GovTech tools. It covers the use of digital tools for providing information to the public, for streamlining the provision of government services including those related to taxation and business and land registration, courts and one-stop shops, digital identification systems, and interoperability between systems. The report similarly covers the use of digital tools for strengthening participation in policy making, accountability systems including grievance redress, and anticorruption. Finally, the report examines the adoption of electronic government procurement (eGP), as well as the procurement of IT systems by governments. The report concludes with recommendations for reaching the potential for the use of digital tools for better governance in Africa
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