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  • Online Resource  (69)
  • 1970-1974  (69)
  • 1972  (69)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands  (61)
  • Boston, MA : Springer US  (8)
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  • Online Resource  (69)
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  • 1970-1974  (69)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789401507424
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    DDC: 290
    Keywords: (Produktform)Electronic book text
    Note: Lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400958432
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: I The Domain and Content Of Structural GeologyII Depositional Textures and Structures -- III Non-Diastrophic Structures -- IV Physics of Deformation -- V Environment, Time, and Material -- Appendix: Mohr Diagrams 139 -- VI Planar And Linear Structures And Jointing -- VII Faults 164 -- VIII Folds -- IX Tectonic Analysis Of Folds -- X Cleavage -- XI Major Structures And Tectonics -- XII Igneous Rocks -- XIII Structural Petrology By E. Den Tex -- XIV Geomorphology And Structure - Morphotectonics -- Index Of Authors -- Index Of Subjects -- Index Of Localities.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461597018
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 717 p) , online resource
    Edition: Fifth Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: One Foundations of Atomic and Nuclear Physics1 Atoms, Ions, and Electrons -- 2 The Special Theory of Relativity -- 3 The Nuclear Atom -- 4 Some Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation -- 5 X-Rays -- 6 Waves and Particles 153 6-1 De Brogue’s Hypothesis -- 7 Elements of Quantum Mechanics -- Two The Extranuclear Structure of the Atom -- 8 The Hydrogen Atom -- 9 Optical Spectra and Electronic Structure -- 10 X-Ray Spectra -- 11 Selected Applications of Quantum Physics -- Three Nuclear Physics -- 12 Particle Accelerators -- 13 Beam Transport and Detecting Devices -- 14 Radioactivity -- 15 Nuclear Reactions -- 16 Fission and Fusion of Nuclei -- 17 Nuclear Processes -- 18 Fundamental Particles -- Appendixes -- I Physical Constants and Conversion Factors The Greek Alphabet -- II Atomic Weights of the Elements -- III Periodic Table of the Elements -- IV Table of Nuclear Properties 655 V-1 Review of Vector Notation -- V-2 Displacement Equation for Brownian Motion -- V-3 Path of an Alpha Particle in a Coulomb Field of Force -- V-4 Derivation of the Equations for the Compton Effect -- V-6 Quantum Mechanrcal Solution of the Harmonic Oscillator -- V-8 Derivation of the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein Distributions -- V-9 Probability Density Functions -- Answers to Selected Problems.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9781468419740
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Computer simulation. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Rationale for Computer Simulation in Materials Science -- I. Introduction -- II. Patterns of Science -- III. The Student and His Research -- IV. Examples of Systems Events in the Crystallization Area -- 2. Lectures on Large-Scale Finite Difference Computation of Incompressible Fluid Flows -- I. The Differential Equations -- II. Stability Analysis of the Difference Equations -- III. Applications of the Numerical Program for Incompressible Flow -- IV. Description of the Numerical Program for Incompressible Flow -- Appendix: Computer Listings of the Hydrodynamic Programs -- 3. Computer Simulation of Diffusion Problems Using the Continuous System Modeling Program Language -- I. Introduction -- II. System/360 Continuous System Modeling Program (S/360 CSMP) -- III. Heat Transfer in an Insulated Bar -- IV. The Freezing of a Liquid -- 4. Computer Simulation of Vapor Deposition on Two-Dimensional Lattices -- I. Basic Concepts of Physical Processes -- II. The Computer Simulation Model -- III. Random Numbers and Simulation Strategy -- IV. Real and Simulated Time -- V. The VDS Programs -- VI. The Computer Simulation Results -- References -- Appendix: Fortran Code -- 5. Introduction to Computational Theoretical Chemistry -- I. Basic Concepts of Computational Theoretical Chemistry -- II. The Nature of the Problem -- III. Real Molecular Systems -- IV. The Calculation of Quantum-Mechanical Two-Electron Multi-center Integrals via Transformation Theory -- V. Computational Results -- References -- Appendix: Fortran Code -- 6. Numerical Simulation of Weather -- I. Physical Phenomena -- II. Numerical Methods -- III. Computer Requirements -- References.
    Abstract: This set of lectures is the outgrowth of a new course in the Department of Materials Science at Stanford University. It was taught collectively by the authors of the various sections and represents an attempt to increase the awareness of students in the materials area of computer simulation techniques and potentialities. The topics often ranged far afield from the materials area; however, the total package served the intended purpose of being an initiation into the world of computer simulation and, as such, made a useful first iteration to the intended purpose. The second iteration, which is in process, deals exclusively with the materials area. The course was designed to teach students a new way to wrestle with "systems" problems in the materials science work area that require the synthesis and interactions of several disciplines of knowledge. This course was a response to the realization that effective handling of real problems, which are essentially systems problems, is one of the most important at­ tributes of a graduate materials scientist. About a third of the course was devoted to the student's selected problem, in the materials area, which he simulated using the digital computer.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Rationale for Computer Simulation in Materials ScienceI. Introduction -- II. Patterns of Science -- III. The Student and His Research -- IV. Examples of Systems Events in the Crystallization Area -- 2. Lectures on Large-Scale Finite Difference Computation of Incompressible Fluid Flows -- I. The Differential Equations -- II. Stability Analysis of the Difference Equations -- III. Applications of the Numerical Program for Incompressible Flow -- IV. Description of the Numerical Program for Incompressible Flow -- Appendix: Computer Listings of the Hydrodynamic Programs -- 3. Computer Simulation of Diffusion Problems Using the Continuous System Modeling Program Language -- I. Introduction -- II. System/360 Continuous System Modeling Program (S/360 CSMP) -- III. Heat Transfer in an Insulated Bar -- IV. The Freezing of a Liquid -- 4. Computer Simulation of Vapor Deposition on Two-Dimensional Lattices -- I. Basic Concepts of Physical Processes -- II. The Computer Simulation Model -- III. Random Numbers and Simulation Strategy -- IV. Real and Simulated Time -- V. The VDS Programs -- VI. The Computer Simulation Results -- References -- Appendix: Fortran Code -- 5. Introduction to Computational Theoretical Chemistry -- I. Basic Concepts of Computational Theoretical Chemistry -- II. The Nature of the Problem -- III. Real Molecular Systems -- IV. The Calculation of Quantum-Mechanical Two-Electron Multi-center Integrals via Transformation Theory -- V. Computational Results -- References -- Appendix: Fortran Code -- 6. Numerical Simulation of Weather -- I. Physical Phenomena -- II. Numerical Methods -- III. Computer Requirements -- References.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401576086
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 206 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Publishers and publishing ; Printing. ; Political science.
    Abstract: This study is an attempt to chronicle and analyse the attitudes of the New York press in connection with the events of the period from 1914 to 1917 relating to American neutrality. It is based primarily on a day­ to-day study of sixteen daily newspapers in New York City for the period of American non-participation in the First World War. The research involved not only editorial opinion but also news items, feature articles, letters to the editor, book reviews and special commentary. The files of the major New York newspapers of the period naturally constituted the basic sources. In addition to this, use was made of the memoirs, diaries and private papers of editors, publishers and other public figures; the Congressional Record, 1914-1917; Congressional hearings and reports, 1915, 1919, 1936 and 1937; certain British and German materials; books, articles and other secondary sources. The author also drew upon the recollections of New Yorkers active in journalism during the period.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789401744454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 123 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Civil law
    Abstract: Table des Matières -- Titre 1. Dispositions générales -- Titre 2. Du droit au nom -- Titre 3. Du domicile -- Titre 4. Des actes de l’état civil -- Titre 5. Du mariage -- Titre 6. Des droits et devoirs des époux -- Titre 7. De la communauté légale de biens -- Titre 8. Des conventions matrimoniales -- Titre 9. De la dissolution du mariage -- Titre 10. De la séparation de corps et de la dissolution du mariage après la séparation de corps -- Titre 11. De la paternité et de la filiation des enfants -- Titre 12. De l’adoption -- Titre 13. De la minorité -- Titre 14. De la puissance paternelle -- Titre 15. De la tutelle -- Titre 16. De l’interdiction -- Titre 17. Des aliments -- Titre 18. De l’absence et de la disparition -- Index alphabétique.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401024167
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 118 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Perini, G. [Rezension von: Pax, Cl, An existential Approach to God. A Study of Gabriel Marcel] 1977
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: 1. The Nature of Philosophical Reflection -- 2. Myself and the Other -- 3. Fidelity and Truth -- 4. Approach to God -- 5. Appraisal of the Traditional Proofs -- 6. Testimony Versus Demonstration -- 7. The Communication of Hope.
    Abstract: Man's concern about God is both a question and a quest. We seek to know with certainty that God is real; we seek also to draw near to God, to know that He is really for us. My aim in this work is to re-think this two-fold concern and to do so with Gabriel Marcel. Throughout the work I have combined the presentation of Marcel's views with a critical examination of his thought, and in the spirit in which Marcel meets his own predecessors and contemporaries I have held myself free to accept, to amend or to reject what he has written. Thus the focus of the work is only incidentally on the writings of Marcel; the direct focus, as for Marcel, is on man's seeking to know and to draw near to God. The effort to re-think that dimension of our experience which we designate religious cannot begin apart from a critical consideration of what we mean by knowledge and certainty. What will count as an answer to the question of whether God is real and whether He is really for us? If, as the believer maintains, God is the answer to man - an answer wholly unlike every other answer - then the method of searching for this answer must be different from other methods of searching. Furthermore, even for the believer, God remains the hidden God, Deus absconditus, and at best we see through a glass darkly.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Nature of Philosophical Reflection2. Myself and the Other -- 3. Fidelity and Truth -- 4. Approach to God -- 5. Appraisal of the Traditional Proofs -- 6. Testimony Versus Demonstration -- 7. The Communication of Hope.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027298
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (255p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Elders, Leo, 1926 - 2019 [Rezension von: Sweeney, L., Infinity in the Presocratics. A bibliographical and philosophical Study] 1973
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: One: Secondary Literature on Anaximander -- Ancient Sources -- Recent Studies on Anaximander -- Other Studies? -- Two: Anaximander and Other Ionians -- Anaximander -- Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Heraclitus -- Conclusion -- Three: Pythagoras -- J. E. Raven -- J. A. Philip -- Conclusions -- Four: the Eleatics -- Parmenides -- Zeno -- Melissus -- Five: Post-Parmenidean Philosophers -- Empedocles -- Anaxagoras -- The Atomists -- Six: in Retrospect -- Appendix: Additional Studies on Anaximander -- Index of Topics -- Index of Passages -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: Throughout the long centuries of western metaphysics the problem of the infinite has kept surfacing in different but important ways. It had confronted Greek philosophical speculation from earliest times. It appeared in the definition of the divine attributed to Thales in Diogenes Laertius (I, 36) under the description "that which has neither beginning nor end. " It was presented on the scroll of Anaximander with enough precision to allow doxographers to transmit it in the technical terminology of the unlimited (apeiron) and the indeterminate (aoriston). The respective quanti­ tative and qualitative implications of these terms could hardly avoid causing trouble. The formation of the words, moreover, was clearly negative or privative in bearing. Yet in the philosophical framework the notion in its earliest use meant something highly positive, signifying fruitful content for the first principle of all the things that have positive status in the universe. These tensions could not help but make themselves felt through the course of later Greek thought. In one extreme the notion of the infinite was refined in a way that left it appropriated to the Aristotelian category of quantity. In Aristotle (Phys. III 6-8) it came to appear as essentially re­ quiring imperfection and lack. It meant the capacity for never-ending increase. It was always potential, never completely actualized.
    Description / Table of Contents: One: Secondary Literature on AnaximanderAncient Sources -- Recent Studies on Anaximander -- Other Studies? -- Two: Anaximander and Other Ionians -- Anaximander -- Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Heraclitus -- Conclusion -- Three: Pythagoras -- J. E. Raven -- J. A. Philip -- Conclusions -- Four: the Eleatics -- Parmenides -- Zeno -- Melissus -- Five: Post-Parmenidean Philosophers -- Empedocles -- Anaxagoras -- The Atomists -- Six: in Retrospect -- Appendix: Additional Studies on Anaximander -- Index of Topics -- Index of Passages -- Index of Names.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789401027601
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (295p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion and sociology. ; Cognitive psychology.
    Abstract: I. The Problem of Objectivity in the Genesis of Buri’s Theology -- A. Consistent Eschatology and Philosophy of Religion: Buri’s Early Position -- B. Objectivity and Self-Understanding: The Transition to Buri’s Mature Position -- I The Problem of Objectivity in the Foundations of a Theological Hermeneutic -- II. The Theological Problem of Objectivity and Non-Objectivity -- III. The Non-Objectivity of Faith and Revelation -- IV. Symbol, Myth, and the Dialectic of Objectivity and Nonobjectivity -- II The Problem of Objectivity in the Implementation of the Hermeneutical Principles -- V. Historicity and the Systematic Principle in the Interpretation of Doctrines -- VI. Existentialist Interpretation and Objective Description -- VII. Radical Theology and the Problem of Objectivity.
    Abstract: In the last decade, too many American theologians have been preoc­ cupied with charting and interpreting in a superficial manner the move­ ments of the newest stars in the Continental theological firmament. This preoccupation contributed much, unfortunately, to that faddism that was so characteristic of American theology in the Sixties, the period imme­ diately following the passing of a generation of theological giants like Barth, Bultmann, Tillich, Gogarten, and the Niebuhrs. There has seldom been a period in which so many promissory notes were issued so care­ lessly onto the intellectual market, notes that were not, and perhaps could not, have been redeemed. Given this temper of the times, it is difficult to account for the almost total neglect of the work of Professor Fritz Burl of Basel, whose "theolo­ gy of existence" is one of the most interesting and impressive contempo­ rary attempts to interpret the myths and symbols of the Christian faith in terms of an existentialist philosophy. Even if one were to apply that most superficial, though for many apparently decisive, criterion of "radicality," one might have expected his work to attract some sustained attention be­ cause Buri has consistently posed a radical solution to most of the hotly debated issues of the times: the problem of demythologization, the mean­ ing of theological language, the problems raised by historical criticism, and the meaning of the historical Jesus for faith, to mention a few.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Problem of Objectivity in the Genesis of Buri’s TheologyA. Consistent Eschatology and Philosophy of Religion: Buri’s Early Position -- B. Objectivity and Self-Understanding: The Transition to Buri’s Mature Position -- I The Problem of Objectivity in the Foundations of a Theological Hermeneutic -- II. The Theological Problem of Objectivity and Non-Objectivity -- III. The Non-Objectivity of Faith and Revelation -- IV. Symbol, Myth, and the Dialectic of Objectivity and Nonobjectivity -- II The Problem of Objectivity in the Implementation of the Hermeneutical Principles -- V. Historicity and the Systematic Principle in the Interpretation of Doctrines -- VI. Existentialist Interpretation and Objective Description -- VII. Radical Theology and the Problem of Objectivity.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: I The Viewpoint of Inquiry -- I: Alternative Accounts -- II: Duality and Self-Correction -- II Historical Notes on the Form of Inquiry -- III: Scepticism and Negative Proof -- IV: Plato and the Forms of Geometry -- V: Aristotle and the Forms of Life -- VI: Descartes and Reflection -- VII: Empiricists and Experience -- VIII: Kant and the Uses of Reason -- III Outlines for a Critique of Questioning -- IX: Perplexity and Progress -- X: Sense -- XI: Intellect -- XII: Practical Reason.
    Abstract: In making his distinction between revisionary and descriptive metaphysics, P.F. Strawson wrote that the former has some value provided that its "partial vision" is at the service of the latter, "which needs no justification at all beyond that of inquiry in general." (Individuals, p. 9) Perhaps we feel no need to ask what justification there is for inquiry in general. But if we do recognize any such need, then we discover that inquiry is self-justifying. The more I put it into question, the more I bring the theme of my inquiry to light in my performance of inquiring. Questioning is the business of philosophers. They are now content to leave the search for detailed information to experts in the various disciplines that have won their independence from philosophy. The questioning a philosopher conducts is of the 'second-order'. He asks about the status of various sorts of questions, the types of knowledge they yield and of con­ fusion into which they lead.
    Description / Table of Contents: I The Viewpoint of InquiryI: Alternative Accounts -- II: Duality and Self-Correction -- II Historical Notes on the Form of Inquiry -- III: Scepticism and Negative Proof -- IV: Plato and the Forms of Geometry -- V: Aristotle and the Forms of Life -- VI: Descartes and Reflection -- VII: Empiricists and Experience -- VIII: Kant and the Uses of Reason -- III Outlines for a Critique of Questioning -- IX: Perplexity and Progress -- X: Sense -- XI: Intellect -- XII: Practical Reason.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (111p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Preface -- A. “Separate Substances” and/or “Angels”? -- B. Separate Substances Revisited : The Present Situation -- I. Introduction -- II. The Thomistic Doctrine on Potency -- A. The distinction of Actual from Potential Being -- B. Potency as a Principle of Being -- C. The Primordial Types — Active and Passive -- D. Subdivisions of Active and Passive Potency -- III. The Powers of Separate Substances -- A. Problems Arising in the Investigation of These Powers -- B. Means of Demonstration Proposed by St. Thomas -- C. The Relationship of Physical Bases to Metaphysical Conclusions -- D. The Power of Self-Motion in Separate Substances -- E. The Power of Intellection in Separate Substances -- F. The Power of Volition in Separate Substances -- G. The Hierarchical Disposition of Separate Substances on the Basis of These Powers -- IV. The Capacities of Separate Substances -- A. Means of Investigation of These Capacities -- B. The Capacity for Existence (Esse) in Separate Substances -- C. The Capacity for Justification in Separate Substances -- D. The Capacity for Local Transmutability in Separate Substances -- E. The Relative Capacities of the Angelic Hierarchies -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: A. "SEPARATE SUBSTANCES" AND lOR" ANGELS"? It is interesting to note that, in an expressly theological treatise such as the Summa theologiae, St. Thomas generally uses the term "angel", in preference to "separate substance"; while in works with a less explicit theological intent - e. g. the Summa contra gentiles and the De substantiis separatis 1 - he generally prefers the term "separate substance". But at any rate there is little doubt that the two terms, "separate sub­ stance" and "angel" have a certain interchangeability and equivalence in the works of St. Thomas. In other words, "the separate substance" is equivalent to "the angel, insofar as its existence and attributes are knowable through human reason alone". And this has led Karl Barth 2 to charge that St. Thomas' angelology is primarily a philosophical presenta­ tion, with little relevance to theology. 1 We might say that these works are "philosophical" insofar as arguments from reason are emphasized in them, rather than arguments from revelation or faith. However, as Lescoe points out (in the Introduction to his edition of the De substantUs separatis, p. 8), the treatise on separate substances leads up to theological subject-matter in Ch. 's XVII ff- namely, an exposition of Catholic teaching as found in Sacred Scripture, the Fathers, and especially Dionysius. And Chenu maintains that the Summa contra gentiles is basically a theological work, because it not only leads up to theological subject-matter in Bk.
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefaceA. “Separate Substances” and/or “Angels”? -- B. Separate Substances Revisited : The Present Situation -- I. Introduction -- II. The Thomistic Doctrine on Potency -- A. The distinction of Actual from Potential Being -- B. Potency as a Principle of Being -- C. The Primordial Types - Active and Passive -- D. Subdivisions of Active and Passive Potency -- III. The Powers of Separate Substances -- A. Problems Arising in the Investigation of These Powers -- B. Means of Demonstration Proposed by St. Thomas -- C. The Relationship of Physical Bases to Metaphysical Conclusions -- D. The Power of Self-Motion in Separate Substances -- E. The Power of Intellection in Separate Substances -- F. The Power of Volition in Separate Substances -- G. The Hierarchical Disposition of Separate Substances on the Basis of These Powers -- IV. The Capacities of Separate Substances -- A. Means of Investigation of These Capacities -- B. The Capacity for Existence (Esse) in Separate Substances -- C. The Capacity for Justification in Separate Substances -- D. The Capacity for Local Transmutability in Separate Substances -- E. The Relative Capacities of the Angelic Hierarchies -- Index of Names.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Religion (General) ; Religion.
    Abstract: I Freedom and Religion -- Section I: Posing the problem -- II Search for a Method to be Used in the Philosophical Study of Religion -- Section I: Method of explication and method of confrontation -- a) Stating the problem -- b) The method of explication -- c) The method of confrontation -- III Duméry’s Religious Philosophy. The Spirit as Constitutive Exigency of the Absolute -- Section I: Transition from method to doctrine -- IV Duméry’s Philosophy of Religion: Critique of the Categories and Schemes which Express the Spirit’s Constitutive Exigency of the Transordinal One -- Section I: The scheme of transcendence and the category of the Absolute -- a) Scope of the reflective critique in general and of the critique of the attributes in particular -- b) Henological redemption of the scheme of transcendence and the category of the absolute -- c) Henology and negative theology -- Epilogue: Human Autonomy and Finitude.
    Abstract: For most of its career philosophy of religion has been a controversial dis­ cipline: it has usually ended up becoming a substitute for what it set out to explain. Born out of the religious scepticism of the late seventeenth century it remained for many years what it was to Hume and Lessing: an instrument for criticizing rather than for interpreting faith. Gradually the hostility subsided, but not the tendency to reduce. Nearly each one of the great names in this area represents a theory that goes "beyond" faith. Phenomenology changed that situation. Conceived for accurate under­ standing of acts and meanings rather than for the building of vast synthe­ ses, its method was more apt to yield understanding than criticism. Moreover, by distinguishing the ideal meanings from the psychic realities of the act, it chased its followers from the quagmire of psychic genesis, causal justification and rational "proof" of the religious object, and forced them to concentrate on the intentional terminus of the experience.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Freedom and ReligionSection I: Posing the problem -- II Search for a Method to be Used in the Philosophical Study of Religion -- Section I: Method of explication and method of confrontation -- a) Stating the problem -- b) The method of explication -- c) The method of confrontation -- III Duméry’s Religious Philosophy. The Spirit as Constitutive Exigency of the Absolute -- Section I: Transition from method to doctrine -- IV Duméry’s Philosophy of Religion: Critique of the Categories and Schemes which Express the Spirit’s Constitutive Exigency of the Transordinal One -- Section I: The scheme of transcendence and the category of the Absolute -- a) Scope of the reflective critique in general and of the critique of the attributes in particular -- b) Henological redemption of the scheme of transcendence and the category of the absolute -- c) Henology and negative theology -- Epilogue: Human Autonomy and Finitude.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028431
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 174 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Neurosciences. ; Medical sciences.
    Abstract: I. Descartes—The Mind and The Body -- II. Science and the Identity Theory -- III. Correlation, Identity and Substance—Some Conceptual Issues -- IV Reduction and Reality—Some Misconceptions About Science -- V. The Physical and the Mental -- VI. A Multi-Aspect Theory of the Mind -- VII. Kinds of Pains and Kinds of Languages -- Conclusion -- References Cited.
    Abstract: 2 no predictions or experimental findings based on the Identity Theory differ from those based on mind-brain Parallelism or Epiphenomenal­ ism, i.e., Dualism in general. The Identity Theory, therefore, must stand or fall on its reputed conceptual advantages over Dualism. Then the conceptual issues at stake in the mind-brain problem are discussed. The kernel of truth present in the Identity Theory is shown to be obscured by all the talk about reducing sensations to neural processes. An attempt is made to characterize pain adequately as a pattern or complex of bodily processes. This view is then reconciled with the asymmetry in the way one is aware of one's own pains and the way in which others are. This asymmetry constitutes an epistemological dualism which no philosophical theory or scientific experiment could alter. The sense in which experiences are both mental and physical is thus elucidated. A Multi-Aspect Theory of the mind is presented and defended. Five aspects of pain are discussed in some detail: experiential, neural, bodily, behavioral and verbal. Having a mind characteristically involves having all of these features except the bodily (i.e., a physical irregularity). Thus having a mind characteristically entails having experiences and a healthy, functioning brain. It also involves being able to act and speak reasonably intelligently.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Descartes-The Mind and The BodyII. Science and the Identity Theory -- III. Correlation, Identity and Substance-Some Conceptual Issues -- IV Reduction and Reality-Some Misconceptions About Science -- V. The Physical and the Mental -- VI. A Multi-Aspect Theory of the Mind -- VII. Kinds of Pains and Kinds of Languages -- Conclusion -- References Cited.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461590538
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 330 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Augmentation of Machine Language Level -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Software and Hardware Functions -- 3. Relation between Source and Machine Languages -- 4. Hardware Interpretation of Expressions -- 5. Memory Organization -- 6. Program Information Structure -- 7. Subroutine Calls -- 8. Computers with Built-in Compilers -- 9. Conclusion -- References -- 2 On the Relation between Grammars and Automata -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Phrase-Structure Grammars -- 3. Finite Automata and Right Linear Grammars -- 4. Pushdown Automata and Context-Free Grammars -- 5. Deterministic Pushdown Automata and LR(k) Grammars… -- 6. Linear Bounded Automata and Context-Sensitive Grammars. . -- 7. Turing Machines and Phrase-Structure Grammars -- References -- 3 An Introduction to Information Structures and Paging Considerations for On-Line Text Editing Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basic Considerations for a Text Editor’s Information Structure -- 3. Fixed-Length Context Editors -- 4. Variable-Length-Line and “Superline” Editors -- 5. Statement-Oriented Editors -- 6. String-Oriented Editors -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- 4 An Introduction to the Structure of Time-Shared Computers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Computer Hardware -- 3. The Operating System Structure -- 4. The PDP-10 Time-Sharing System Structure -- 5. The Economics of Time-Sharing -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- 5 Error-Correcting Codes in Computer Arithmetic -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The General Theory of AN-Codes -- 3. Cyclic AN-Codes -- 4. Multiresidue Codes -- 5. Further Comments on Arithmetic Codes -- 6. Implementation of Arithmetic Codes -- 7. Conclusions -- References.
    Abstract: Information systems science is advancing in various directions with rapid strides. Many diversified ideas and methodologies have been revised and extended. Numerous new techniques and approaches have been con­ ceived and developed. Some recent advances are covered in this series. The fourth volume of this series provides in-depth discussions of some newly developed theories and techniques concerning computer language-level augmentation, time-sharing systems, text editing systems, grammars and automata, and error correcting codes in computer arithmetic. In Chapter 1, V. K. Smirnov presents an authoritative review of the augmentation of machine language level. He discusses the effects of ex­ tension of computer functions upon machine language and the influence of development of software systems upon the augmentation of computer language level. Some specific ways of augmenting the machine language level are examined. The problem of information organization, storage, search, and retrieval in a computer is studied. The introduction of higher-level languages has stimulated widespread applications of computers. Formal language theory has been recognized as a topic offundamental importance in the study of information systems science. In Chapter 2, M. A. Harrison examines the phrase-structure grammars, the right linear grammars, the context-free grammars, the LR(k) grammars, and the context-sensitive grammars. The author discusses the relations between mathematical models of computers and a family of formal lan­ guages. The language theory may stimulate new ideas for the augmentation of machine language level.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Augmentation of Machine Language Level1. Introduction -- 2. Software and Hardware Functions -- 3. Relation between Source and Machine Languages -- 4. Hardware Interpretation of Expressions -- 5. Memory Organization -- 6. Program Information Structure -- 7. Subroutine Calls -- 8. Computers with Built-in Compilers -- 9. Conclusion -- References -- 2 On the Relation between Grammars and Automata -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Phrase-Structure Grammars -- 3. Finite Automata and Right Linear Grammars -- 4. Pushdown Automata and Context-Free Grammars -- 5. Deterministic Pushdown Automata and LR(k) Grammars… -- 6. Linear Bounded Automata and Context-Sensitive Grammars. . -- 7. Turing Machines and Phrase-Structure Grammars -- References -- 3 An Introduction to Information Structures and Paging Considerations for On-Line Text Editing Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basic Considerations for a Text Editor’s Information Structure -- 3. Fixed-Length Context Editors -- 4. Variable-Length-Line and “Superline” Editors -- 5. Statement-Oriented Editors -- 6. String-Oriented Editors -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- 4 An Introduction to the Structure of Time-Shared Computers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Computer Hardware -- 3. The Operating System Structure -- 4. The PDP-10 Time-Sharing System Structure -- 5. The Economics of Time-Sharing -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- 5 Error-Correcting Codes in Computer Arithmetic -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The General Theory of AN-Codes -- 3. Cyclic AN-Codes -- 4. Multiresidue Codes -- 5. Further Comments on Arithmetic Codes -- 6. Implementation of Arithmetic Codes -- 7. Conclusions -- References.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468417043
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. Movement -- 3. Models -- 4. Dynamic Systems -- 5. Signals -- 6. Control -- 7. Automatic Control -- 8. Optimal Control -- 9. Automata -- 10. The Computer -- 11. Adaptation -- 12. Games -- 13. Learning -- 14. Large Systems -- 15. Operational Control -- 16. The Brain -- 17. Organised Systems -- 18. Man and Machine -- 19. Outline of Future Prospects.
    Abstract: The development of science consists not only of deepening and widening the already established scientific disciplines but also depends on the emergence of new ones. The emergence and development of new sciences is influenced primarily by two factors: isolation and generalisation. Isolation of scientific disciplines is due to the discovery of new objects of investigation and the emergence of specific scientific trends. This leads to the study of a relatively narrow class of objects which are characterised by their specific approach to both the formulation and the solution of problems. Examples of this type of specific scientific diSciplines include, for instance, chemistry of high molecular compounds and the theory of electrical machines, which are both devoted to the study of a relatively narrow field. In addition there are the more general scientific disciplines, whose characteristics are that they are created for the purpose of studying such natural phenomena as occur in a very wide class of objects. Disciplines of this type are, for instance, the theory of dimensions and the theory of similarity, the theory of dynamic systems and thermodynamics. The very general, as opposed to the very specific, sciences tend by their nature to be more theoretical and depend much more on the language, mathematical or otherwise, used to describe them.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction2. Movement -- 3. Models -- 4. Dynamic Systems -- 5. Signals -- 6. Control -- 7. Automatic Control -- 8. Optimal Control -- 9. Automata -- 10. The Computer -- 11. Adaptation -- 12. Games -- 13. Learning -- 14. Large Systems -- 15. Operational Control -- 16. The Brain -- 17. Organised Systems -- 18. Man and Machine -- 19. Outline of Future Prospects.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9781468417104
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Basic Biomedicine -- Speed of application -- Reproductive physiology -- Regulatory mechanisms -- The lungs -- The hormones, insulin and diabetes -- Hormones and ulcers -- Neurophysiology and mental diseases -- Cardiovascular diseases -- Comparative physiology -- Macromolecules and DNA -- The proteins -- Enzymes -- Biosynthesis -- Metabolic events -- Energy -- The molecular basis of disease -- Rational design of drugs -- Application of basic knowledge -- Selected additional reading -- III. Clinical Medicine -- Infectious diseases -- Parasitic diseases -- Community health and epidemiology -- Military research contributions -- Drugs -- Immunology -- Transplantation -- Anesthesiology -- Surgery -- Cardiovascular surgery -- Cardiovascular disease -- Renal disease -- Pulmonary disease -- Hematology -- Endocrinology -- Medical genetics -- Pediatrics -- Obstetrics and gynecology -- Geriatrics -- Nutrition -- Neurology -- Psychiatry -- Ophthalmology -- Otorhinolaryngology -- Radiology -- Nuclear medicine -- Bioengineering -- Automation -- Rehabilitation -- Conclusion -- Selected additional reading -- IV. Dental Science -- Dental decay -- Periodontal disease -- Other clinical considerations -- Delivery of dental services -- Dental materials -- Orthodontics -- Surgical orthodontics -- Maxillofacial prosthesis -- Selected additional reading -- V. Food -- Food from plants -- Harvest to table -- Food from animals -- Animal disease control -- Preserving and distributing food from animals -- Processing and preserving foods -- Conclusion -- Selected additional reading -- VI. Population Biology -- Population potential and carrying capacity -- Populations in ecosystems -- Controlling pest populations -- Selected additional reading -- VII. Environmental Hazards -- Biological hazards to man -- Chemical hazards to man -- Physical hazards to man -- Selected additional reading -- VIII. Marine Sciences -- Feeding man -- Resource assessment -- Behavior studies -- Value of prediction of fishing success -- Preservation of fishery products -- Fish protein concentrate -- Management of renewable resources -- Diseases and parasites -- Man and his environment -- Health and medical research -- Selected additional reading -- IX. Natural Resources -- Man and his resources -- Land: the greatest resource -- Forest and timber resources -- Game management -- Technology in resource management -- Microbes—the unseen resource -- Conversion of waste to resource -- Preserving for the future -- Conservation of man’s abundance -- Selected additional reading.
    Abstract: The Science of Life: Contributions of Biology to Human Welfare is the first of what we anticipate will be a series of monographs resulting from activities of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. From time to time material drawn from symposia presented at the an­ nual meetings of the Societies, when considered suitable, will be published as separate FASEB Monographs. Usually, the material will have appeared in Federation Proceedings. Occasionally, other papers resulting from symposia, conferences, or special meetings sponsored by the Federation or one of its constituent societies will appear as a F ASEB monograph. In some instances, special articles on the same topic will be drawn together under one cover. Why should information which has already been printed and distributed as a part of the editorial content of a journal be republished as a monograph? Most of the ma­ terial to be included in this effort, particularly the symposia presented at the annual meetings of the six Federated Societies, will summarize the state of the art ex­ cellently. Such information will be of considerable value to students and teachers, especially for undergraduate honors courses or in graduate studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. Basic Biomedicine -- Speed of application -- Reproductive physiology -- Regulatory mechanisms -- The lungs -- The hormones, insulin and diabetes -- Hormones and ulcers -- Neurophysiology and mental diseases -- Cardiovascular diseases -- Comparative physiology -- Macromolecules and DNA -- The proteins -- Enzymes -- Biosynthesis -- Metabolic events -- Energy -- The molecular basis of disease -- Rational design of drugs -- Application of basic knowledge -- Selected additional reading -- III. Clinical Medicine -- Infectious diseases -- Parasitic diseases -- Community health and epidemiology -- Military research contributions -- Drugs -- Immunology -- Transplantation -- Anesthesiology -- Surgery -- Cardiovascular surgery -- Cardiovascular disease -- Renal disease -- Pulmonary disease -- Hematology -- Endocrinology -- Medical genetics -- Pediatrics -- Obstetrics and gynecology -- Geriatrics -- Nutrition -- Neurology -- Psychiatry -- Ophthalmology -- Otorhinolaryngology -- Radiology -- Nuclear medicine -- Bioengineering -- Automation -- Rehabilitation -- Conclusion -- Selected additional reading -- IV. Dental Science -- Dental decay -- Periodontal disease -- Other clinical considerations -- Delivery of dental services -- Dental materials -- Orthodontics -- Surgical orthodontics -- Maxillofacial prosthesis -- Selected additional reading -- V. Food -- Food from plants -- Harvest to table -- Food from animals -- Animal disease control -- Preserving and distributing food from animals -- Processing and preserving foods -- Conclusion -- Selected additional reading -- VI. Population Biology -- Population potential and carrying capacity -- Populations in ecosystems -- Controlling pest populations -- Selected additional reading -- VII. Environmental Hazards -- Biological hazards to man -- Chemical hazards to man -- Physical hazards to man -- Selected additional reading -- VIII. Marine Sciences -- Feeding man -- Resource assessment -- Behavior studies -- Value of prediction of fishing success -- Preservation of fishery products -- Fish protein concentrate -- Management of renewable resources -- Diseases and parasites -- Man and his environment -- Health and medical research -- Selected additional reading -- IX. Natural Resources -- Man and his resources -- Land: the greatest resource -- Forest and timber resources -- Game management -- Technology in resource management -- Microbes-the unseen resource -- Conversion of waste to resource -- Preserving for the future -- Conservation of man’s abundance -- Selected additional reading.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027762
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (189p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Law—Philosophy. ; Law—History.
    Abstract: The idea of compiling a bibliography of legal Festschriften originated with Lilly Roberts, and represented the most important creative side of her life during the last ten years of her association with the Universi­ ty of Michigan Law Library. The project received advice and counsel from the Foreign Law Com­ mittee of the American Association of Law Libraries. The final publi­ cation was made possible by an allocation from the grant made to the University of Michigan Law School by the Ford Foundation for re­ search in International and Comparative Law. Beverley J. Pooley Professor of Law Director of the Law Library University of Michigan PREFACE The present bibliography is international in scope; it covers Fest­ schriften published in many countries. It includes Festschriften from 1868 (date of the earliest legal Festschrift found) through December, 1968. A bibliography of all legal Festschriften, to be complete, could only be achieved through the cooperative effort of an international group of experts. The present bibliography is based on notes gathered by the compiler over a period of years from material available at the University of Michigan Law Library. It is therefore, inevitably, incom­ plete and occasionally inaccurate and must be considered as a tentative list, subject to implementation and correction at other legal centers. It was felt, however, that its publication might be of some use, since not enough bibliographical information about this important and steadily growing type of legal literature exists
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLIV, 263 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idees / International Archives of the History of Ideas 49
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 49
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 585 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: The European Cultural Foundation has conceived an ambitious project: by means of interdisciplinary studies on an international basis it is setting out to "forecast" the future of Europe in the year 2000 in four major fields of human development (education, industrialization, urbanization and the transformation of rural society). In this sense "forecasting" implies defining what is inevitable in the future of this civilization, and identifying the choices open to Europeans in so far as they are free to exert their collective will to influence the future. I should like here to pay due tribute to the Secretary General of the Foundation, Mr. George Sluizer, who had the boldness to launch this initiative, the drive and perseverence to mobilize sufficient funds to carry it into effect, and the clear-sightedness to devise bodies and procedures that could serve as a flexible and effective framework for the development-necessarily aleatory-of such a large-scale project ... A udaces fortuna juvat. Our friend Sluizer must often have modelled his attitude on that of his great compatriot, William the Silent, thinking to himself: "It is not necessary to hope in order to act, nor to succeed in order to persevere". If this maxim was good enough to forge a nation, it can also serve our purposes to-day.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401748513
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 266 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Language and languages—Style.
    Abstract: I: Asocial Literature -- I. The Asocial Writer -- II. A Trinity of the Absurd -- III. The Individual versus Society -- IV. Revolt and Madness -- II: The Literature of Social Criticism -- V. The Problem of Definition -- VI. Shaw the Social Prophet -- VII. The Social Conscience of the Thirties -- VIII. The Social Criticism of John Dos Passos -- IX. The Moral Commitment of John Steinbeck -- X. The Socioeconomic Motif in the Literature of the Angry Young Men -- XI. The Call of Conscience -- XII. The Nemesis of War -- XIII. The Atomic Holocaust -- XIV. The Kingdom of Nightmare and Death -- III: The Literature of Social Commitment -- XV. The Politics of the Writer -- XVI. Ignazio Silone: the Revolutionary Turned Saint -- XVII. The Epic Theater of Bertolt Brecht -- XVIII. The Cult of Socialist Realism -- IV: Conclusion -- XIX. Conclusion.
    Abstract: 1. Prolegomena The purpose of this book is to examine anew and from a number of different perspectives the highly complex and controversial relation between literature and society. This is not meant to be a study in sociology or political science; the analysis of literature - its structure, content, function, and effect - is our primary concern. What we shall try to find out is how the imaginative work is rooted in and grows out of the parent social body, to what extent it is influenced in subject matter as well as form and technique by the domi­ nant climate of ideas in a given historical period, and to what degree and in what manner literature "influences" the society to which it is addressed. The stream of literary influence is of course difficult to trace to its putative source, for here we are not dealing, as in science, with isolated physical phenomena which can be fitted precisely within some cause-and-effect pat­ tern. The relationship between literature and society is far more subtle and complex than social scientists or cultural critics commonly assume.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400931718
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: The Concept of “Sociology” -- The Concept of “Politics” -- I Political Structures -- 1. Physical Structures -- 2. Social Structures -- II The Causes of Political Antagonisms -- 3. Individual Causes -- 4. Collective Causes -- III From Antagonisms to Integration -- 5. The Forms of Political Conflict -- 6. The Development of Integration -- Notes.
    Abstract: If the study of politics is to be rewarding both intellectually and practically it must. by definition. concern itself with the great issues which arise in the real world and with the fundamental arguments which occur about their nature and the possible solutions to them. Abstract political philosophy which is not informed by the experi­ ence of practice will become sterile. A study of constitutions and the machinery of government can become dry-as-dust and hence boring unless the underlying principles are analysed and grasped. But theo­ ries of political change divorced from an understanding of consti­ tutions and institutions will degenerate into mere phrase-mongering. Attempts to apply the techniques of the natural sciences to politics will lead to model building for its own sake and thence to arid and barren intellectualism unless it is understood that it is impossible to quantify the intangible. Indeed. anyone-sided approach to politics and consequent failure to grasp the essential wholeness of the sub­ ject is bound to end in disaster. The study of politics is a study of changing human relationships in dynamic societies. Thus it involves. since the present and hence the future are shaped in part by the past. an appreciation of history.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Concept of “Sociology”The Concept of “Politics” -- I Political Structures -- 1. Physical Structures -- 2. Social Structures -- II The Causes of Political Antagonisms -- 3. Individual Causes -- 4. Collective Causes -- III From Antagonisms to Integration -- 5. The Forms of Political Conflict -- 6. The Development of Integration -- Notes.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401029100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. Faith-and Faith in Hypotheses -- I. Falsifiable Theism: Sketch of a Position -- II. Hypothetical Faith: Criteria of Rationality -- II. Two Sides to a Theist’s Coin -- I. The Two Sides Distinguished -- II. The Two Sides and the PROSLOGION -- III. Miracles: Nowell-Smith’s Analysis and Tillich’s Phenomenology -- I. The Matter Briskly Introduced -- II. The Matter Reintroduced -- IV. From “God” to “Is” and from “Is” to “Ought” -- I. Convention and Wisdom About “Meaning” and “Necessity” -- II. Looking Back Without Anger: a Cry from the Fifties -- III. From “God” to “Is”: Good Reasons and Justifying Explanations -- IV. From “God” to “Is” -Some Fallacies about Being A Being -- V. From “God” to “Is”: The Muddled Fear of Calling God A Being -- VI. From “God” to “Is” -Current Confusions about Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate -- VII. Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate: the Confusions Probed -- VIII. Does “X is a Necessary Being” Entail “X is Timeless”? -- V. From “Is” to “Ought” and from “Ought” to “God” -- I. Some Steps Retraced: “God Exists” as a Necessary Truth -- II. The Necessary Truth Contested: Persons Without Bodies -- III. The Necessary Truth Contested: Appeals to Evil -- IV. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “No ‘is’ Without ‘OUGHT’ in the Offing” -- V. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “For an ‘OUGHT’ is as Hard as an ‘is’” -- VI. Probability and ‘The Will to Believe’ Introduction -- I. Metaphysics and Probability -- II. ‘Probability’ and Semantic Theories -- III. Rational Commitment and ‘The Will to Believe’ -- VII. Gambling on other Minds- Human and Divine -- I. “Evil”, “Ought” and “Can” as Springboards for the Will to Believe -- II. ‘Theodicy and Rational Commitment’ or ‘Über Formal ent-scheidbare Sätzenkonjunktionen der Principia Theologica und verwandter Systeme’ -- III. Gambling on Deity and Fraternity -- IV. Gambling on Reference and Sense -- VIII. Rational Action, Aquinas and War -- I. An Introduction to Some Confused Modern Thinking About War -- II. ‘A Just War is One Declared by the Duly Constituted Authority’ -- III. ‘A Just War Uses Means Proportional to the Ends’ -- IV. Farewell to Anti-Martial Muddles?.
    Abstract: This book brings together ideas and materials which we have discussed together over the years as friends and colleagues. We draw on four papers published by us both as co-authors and on several more papers published by King-Farlow alone. We wish to thank the editors and publishers of the following journals for permission to make use of matter or points which have appeared in their pages in the years indicated: The Philosophical Quarterly (1957, 1962, 1971); The Thomist (1958, 1971, 1972); The Inter­ national Philosophical Quarterly (1962); Theoria (1963); The Southern Journal of Philosophy (1963); Sophia (1965, 1967, 1969,1971); Philosoph­ ical Studies of Eire (1968, 1970, 1971); Philosophy and Phenomenological Research (1968); Analysis (1970); Religious Studies (Cambridge University Press, 1971; we acknowledge a debt to H. D. Lewis, Editor, on page 20). This book is not, however, a collection of reprinted articles. It is a continuous work which deals with a vital cluster of problems in the philosophy of religion. In this work we attempt to utilize both our earlier thoughts, often considerably revised, and our very recent ones in order to argue for the good sense and rationality of making certain strong forms of commitment to some basic elements of primary wisdom in the Judaeo­ Christian tradition. While pursuing the investigations which have led to the writing of this book we have found ourselves becoming indebted to many individuals and institutions.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Faith-and Faith in HypothesesI. Falsifiable Theism: Sketch of a Position -- II. Hypothetical Faith: Criteria of Rationality -- II. Two Sides to a Theist’s Coin -- I. The Two Sides Distinguished -- II. The Two Sides and the PROSLOGION -- III. Miracles: Nowell-Smith’s Analysis and Tillich’s Phenomenology -- I. The Matter Briskly Introduced -- II. The Matter Reintroduced -- IV. From “God” to “Is” and from “Is” to “Ought” -- I. Convention and Wisdom About “Meaning” and “Necessity” -- II. Looking Back Without Anger: a Cry from the Fifties -- III. From “God” to “Is”: Good Reasons and Justifying Explanations -- IV. From “God” to “Is” -Some Fallacies about Being A Being -- V. From “God” to “Is”: The Muddled Fear of Calling God A Being -- VI. From “God” to “Is” -Current Confusions about Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate -- VII. Existence as Necessary and Existence as Predicate: the Confusions Probed -- VIII. Does “X is a Necessary Being” Entail “X is Timeless”? -- V. From “Is” to “Ought” and from “Ought” to “God” -- I. Some Steps Retraced: “God Exists” as a Necessary Truth -- II. The Necessary Truth Contested: Persons Without Bodies -- III. The Necessary Truth Contested: Appeals to Evil -- IV. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “No ‘is’ Without ‘OUGHT’ in the Offing” -- V. The Necessary Truth Reaffirmed: “For an ‘OUGHT’ is as Hard as an ‘is’” -- VI. Probability and ‘The Will to Believe’ Introduction -- I. Metaphysics and Probability -- II. ‘Probability’ and Semantic Theories -- III. Rational Commitment and ‘The Will to Believe’ -- VII. Gambling on other Minds- Human and Divine -- I. “Evil”, “Ought” and “Can” as Springboards for the Will to Believe -- II. ‘Theodicy and Rational Commitment’ or ‘Über Formal ent-scheidbare Sätzenkonjunktionen der Principia Theologica und verwandter Systeme’ -- III. Gambling on Deity and Fraternity -- IV. Gambling on Reference and Sense -- VIII. Rational Action, Aquinas and War -- I. An Introduction to Some Confused Modern Thinking About War -- II. ‘A Just War is One Declared by the Duly Constituted Authority’ -- III. ‘A Just War Uses Means Proportional to the Ends’ -- IV. Farewell to Anti-Martial Muddles?.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789401027366
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; Philosophy, Modern. ; Pragmatism.
    Abstract: I: Propaedeutic to a Study of Royce -- II: Possibilities for a Roycean Pragmatism -- One The Early Royce (c. 1875–90) -- III: His Theory of Knowledge -- IV: His notion of the Absolute -- V: His Conception of the Individual -- Two The Middle Period (c. 1890–1906) -- VI: Theory of Knowledge Pragmatically allied with Doctrine of Interpretation -- VII: Notion of the Absolute More Pragmatically Orientated -- VIII: Conception of the Individual Pragmatically Leads to Consideration of Community -- Three The Mature Royce (c. 1906–16) -- IX: Knowledge by Interpretation, a Mediating principle -- X: God as Pragmatic Postulate -- XI: Community as Perfective of the Individual -- Conclusion -- XII: The Roycean Pragmatic.
    Abstract: When I first became acquainted with the thought of the American philoso­ pher Josiah Royce, two factors particularly intrigued me. The first was Royce's claim that the notion of community was his main metaphysical tenet; the second was his close association with the two American pragmatists, Charles Sanders Peirce and William James. Regarding the first factor, I was struck by the fact that a philosopher who died in 1916 should emphasize a topic of such contemporary significance not only in philosophy but in so many other vital fields as well (sociology, psychology, politics, theology - to name only a few). Regarding the second, I was curious as to whether the pragmatism of Peirce and James might have influenced Royce during the course of their professional and personal contacts. Similarly, I wondered whether the idealism of Royce might have affected the thought of Peirce and James. To have appeased my curiosity in regard to all three thinkers, however, would have required (at least) three books. As a start I have now appeased it in regard to one. In researching the writings of Royce I found my way to the Houghton Library and to the Archives of Harvard University at Cambridge, Massa­ chusetts, where the unpublished manuscripts of Royce are preserved. (No editing job has yet been done on this bulk of material, though such would certainly be a welcome contribution to American philosophy.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Propaedeutic to a Study of RoyceII: Possibilities for a Roycean Pragmatism -- One The Early Royce (c. 1875-90) -- III: His Theory of Knowledge -- IV: His notion of the Absolute -- V: His Conception of the Individual -- Two The Middle Period (c. 1890-1906) -- VI: Theory of Knowledge Pragmatically allied with Doctrine of Interpretation -- VII: Notion of the Absolute More Pragmatically Orientated -- VIII: Conception of the Individual Pragmatically Leads to Consideration of Community -- Three The Mature Royce (c. 1906-16) -- IX: Knowledge by Interpretation, a Mediating principle -- X: God as Pragmatic Postulate -- XI: Community as Perfective of the Individual -- Conclusion -- XII: The Roycean Pragmatic.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (274p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Language and languages—Style. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: Asocial Literature -- A. Expressionism and the Aesthetics of the Absurd -- I. The Asocial Writer -- II. A Trinity of the Absurd -- B. The Revolt Against Society: Anarchism, Alienation, the Beat Ethic and Madness -- III. The Individual versus Society -- IV. Revolt and Madness -- II: The Literature Of Social Criticism -- A. The Voice of Social Criticism -- V. The Problem of Definition -- VI. Shaw the Social Prophet -- VII. The Social Conscience of the Thirties -- VIII. The Social Criticism of John Dos Passos -- IX. The Moral Commitment of John Steinbeck -- X. The Socioeconomic Motif in the Literature of the Angry Young Men -- B. The Literature of Social Protest -- XI. The Call of Conscience -- XII. The Nemesis of War -- XIII. The Atomic Holocaust -- XIV. The Kingdom of Nightmare and Death -- III: The Literature of Social Commitment -- XV. The Politics of the Writer -- XVI. Ignazio Silone: the Revolutionary Turned Saint -- XVII. The Epic Theater of Bertolt Brecht -- XVIII. The Cult of Socialist Realism -- IV: Conclusion -- XIX. Conclusion.
    Abstract: 1. Prolegomena The purpose of this book is to examine anew and from a number of different perspectives the highly complex and controversial relation between literature and society. This is not meant to be a study in sociology or political science; the analysis of literature - its structure, content, function, and effect - is our primary concern. What we shall try to find out is how the imaginative work is rooted in and grows out of the parent social body, to what extent it is influenced in subject matter as well as form and technique by the domi­ nant climate of ideas in a given historical period, and to what degree and in what manner literature "influences" the society to which it is addressed. The stream of literary influence is of course difficult to trace to its putative source, for here we are not dealing, as in science, with isolated physical phenomena which can be fitted precisely within some cause-and-effect pat­ tern. The relationship between literature and society is far more subtle and complex than social scientists or cultural critics commonly assume.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Asocial LiteratureA. Expressionism and the Aesthetics of the Absurd -- I. The Asocial Writer -- II. A Trinity of the Absurd -- B. The Revolt Against Society: Anarchism, Alienation, the Beat Ethic and Madness -- III. The Individual versus Society -- IV. Revolt and Madness -- II: The Literature Of Social Criticism -- A. The Voice of Social Criticism -- V. The Problem of Definition -- VI. Shaw the Social Prophet -- VII. The Social Conscience of the Thirties -- VIII. The Social Criticism of John Dos Passos -- IX. The Moral Commitment of John Steinbeck -- X. The Socioeconomic Motif in the Literature of the Angry Young Men -- B. The Literature of Social Protest -- XI. The Call of Conscience -- XII. The Nemesis of War -- XIII. The Atomic Holocaust -- XIV. The Kingdom of Nightmare and Death -- III: The Literature of Social Commitment -- XV. The Politics of the Writer -- XVI. Ignazio Silone: the Revolutionary Turned Saint -- XVII. The Epic Theater of Bertolt Brecht -- XVIII. The Cult of Socialist Realism -- IV: Conclusion -- XIX. Conclusion.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027793
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (230p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Michiels, G. [Rezension von: Boeren, P. C., Jocundus biographe de saint Servais] 1974
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Religion (General) ; Religion.
    Abstract: Table des Matières -- Chapitre I. État Actuel des Problèmes Autour de Jocundus Et Son Oeuvre -- § 1. La personne -- § 2. L’oeuvre et l’état de son édition -- § 3. La Vita sancti Servatii en disgrâce -- § 4. Nouvelles perspectives -- Chapitre II. La Vie de Jocundus -- § 5. Indications géographiques -- § 6. Les informateurs -- § 7. Le puer (Trajectensium) -- § 8. Autres contemporains mentionnés par Jocundus -- § 9. La patrie -- § 10. Les débuts -- § 11. Moine de Fleury? -- § 12. Séjours à Maestricht -- § 13. Maître des écoles de Saint-Servais ? -- § 14. L’élève bien-aimé -- § 15. Les difficultés du prévôt Humbert -- § 16. Une levée de reliques -- § 17. Figure et destinée de Jocundus -- Chapitre III. Le Référent Complaisant de la «Doctrina Trajectensium» -- § 18. Un traité, trois dialogues -- § 19. Position du problème -- § 20. Un grand échec (1049) -- §21. Qui fut Alagrecus ? -- § 22. Arménien ou Araméen ? -- § 23. L’objet des révélations d’Alagrecus -- § 24. La patrie de saint Servais -- § 25. Le lieu de naissance -- § 26. Genealogia sancti Servatii -- § 27. Dialogue de nomine et substantia -- § 28. Triseclis Servatius -- § 29. Quadriseclis Servatiuss -- § 30. La volonté de Dieu -- Chapitre IV. L’hagiographe: Sa Méthode Et Ses Sources -- § 31. Aspects généraux -- § 32. Les sources écrites -- § 33. Un truc favori: les transferts -- § 34. Un rêve prémonitoire -- § 35. Formation et date de l’oeuvre de Jocundus -- § 36. Apports de Jocundus à la légende de de saint Servais -- § 37. Premiers témoignages et échos -- Chapitre V. Le Témoin de la Littérature Épique Naissante -- § 38. Argument -- § 39. La bataille de Poitiers (octobre 732) -- § 40. Un transfert épique -- § 41. A la recherche du fond historique -- § 42. Le Roman d’Aquin -- § 43. Réflexion -- Chapitre VI. La Transmission du Texte de Jocundus -- §44. Le texte original perdu (*J) -- § 45. Le Texte -- §46. Le Texte B -- §47. Le Texte C -- § 48. Les Gesta sci Servatii -- §49. Eléments erratiques -- § 50. Le texte reçu de Rouge-Cloître -- § 51. Scheme de la transmission -- § 52. Concordance des sigles -- Chapitre VII. La Tradition Manuscrite -- § 53. Codex A (le ms. 1138/46 de Trêves) -- § 54. Codex B (le ms. 5 des Bollandistes) -- § 55. Codex B 1 (Vienne, Bibl. Nat., ser. nov. 12707, anc. Fidei 9363) -- § 56. Codex B 2 (Paris, Maz. 1733 (1329)) -- § 57. Codex C (Liège, Bibl. de l’Univ., ms. 260) -- Prologus (chap. 1) -- Dedicatio (chap. 2) -- Pars Ia. De generatione sancti Servatii (chapp. 3–15) -- Pars IIsua. De Vita sancti Servatii (chapp. 16–101) -- Pars IIP. Quod vere Hebreus fuerit sanctus Servatius (chapp. 102– 108) -- Pars IVa. De tumuli sancti Servatii protectione celesti (chapp. 109– 121) -- Pars Va. De primis successoribus sancti Servatii (chapp. 122–144) -- Apologia auctoris (chap. 145) -- Pars VIa. De sinodo Coloniensi (chap. 146) -- Additamentum (chapp. 147–149) -- Vita Sancti Servatii Auctore Iocundo Presbytero (édition du texte) -- Table Des Manuscrits Utilisés Et Cités -- Table Des Noms De Lieux Et De Personnes.
    Description / Table of Contents: Table des MatièresChapitre I. État Actuel des Problèmes Autour de Jocundus Et Son Oeuvre -- § 1. La personne -- § 2. L’oeuvre et l’état de son édition -- § 3. La Vita sancti Servatii en disgrâce -- § 4. Nouvelles perspectives -- Chapitre II. La Vie de Jocundus -- § 5. Indications géographiques -- § 6. Les informateurs -- § 7. Le puer (Trajectensium) -- § 8. Autres contemporains mentionnés par Jocundus -- § 9. La patrie -- § 10. Les débuts -- § 11. Moine de Fleury? -- § 12. Séjours à Maestricht -- § 13. Maître des écoles de Saint-Servais ? -- § 14. L’élève bien-aimé -- § 15. Les difficultés du prévôt Humbert -- § 16. Une levée de reliques -- § 17. Figure et destinée de Jocundus -- Chapitre III. Le Référent Complaisant de la «Doctrina Trajectensium» -- § 18. Un traité, trois dialogues -- § 19. Position du problème -- § 20. Un grand échec (1049) -- §21. Qui fut Alagrecus ? -- § 22. Arménien ou Araméen ? -- § 23. L’objet des révélations d’Alagrecus -- § 24. La patrie de saint Servais -- § 25. Le lieu de naissance -- § 26. Genealogia sancti Servatii -- § 27. Dialogue de nomine et substantia -- § 28. Triseclis Servatius -- § 29. Quadriseclis Servatiuss -- § 30. La volonté de Dieu -- Chapitre IV. L’hagiographe: Sa Méthode Et Ses Sources -- § 31. Aspects généraux -- § 32. Les sources écrites -- § 33. Un truc favori: les transferts -- § 34. Un rêve prémonitoire -- § 35. Formation et date de l’oeuvre de Jocundus -- § 36. Apports de Jocundus à la légende de de saint Servais -- § 37. Premiers témoignages et échos -- Chapitre V. Le Témoin de la Littérature Épique Naissante -- § 38. Argument -- § 39. La bataille de Poitiers (octobre 732) -- § 40. Un transfert épique -- § 41. A la recherche du fond historique -- § 42. Le Roman d’Aquin -- § 43. Réflexion -- Chapitre VI. La Transmission du Texte de Jocundus -- §44. Le texte original perdu (*J) -- § 45. Le Texte -- §46. Le Texte B -- §47. Le Texte C -- § 48. Les Gesta sci Servatii -- §49. Eléments erratiques -- § 50. Le texte reçu de Rouge-Cloître -- § 51. Scheme de la transmission -- § 52. Concordance des sigles -- Chapitre VII. La Tradition Manuscrite -- § 53. Codex A (le ms. 1138/46 de Trêves) -- § 54. Codex B (le ms. 5 des Bollandistes) -- § 55. Codex B 1 (Vienne, Bibl. Nat., ser. nov. 12707, anc. Fidei 9363) -- § 56. Codex B 2 (Paris, Maz. 1733 (1329)) -- § 57. Codex C (Liège, Bibl. de l’Univ., ms. 260) -- Prologus (chap. 1) -- Dedicatio (chap. 2) -- Pars Ia. De generatione sancti Servatii (chapp. 3-15) -- Pars IIsua. De Vita sancti Servatii (chapp. 16-101) -- Pars IIP. Quod vere Hebreus fuerit sanctus Servatius (chapp. 102- 108) -- Pars IVa. De tumuli sancti Servatii protectione celesti (chapp. 109- 121) -- Pars Va. De primis successoribus sancti Servatii (chapp. 122-144) -- Apologia auctoris (chap. 145) -- Pars VIa. De sinodo Coloniensi (chap. 146) -- Additamentum (chapp. 147-149) -- Vita Sancti Servatii Auctore Iocundo Presbytero (édition du texte) -- Table Des Manuscrits Utilisés Et Cités -- Table Des Noms De Lieux Et De Personnes.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Action -- 1. Doing and Acting -- 2. Bodily Movements and Actions -- 3. “Acts of Will” and Actions -- 4. Mere Doings and Candidates for Action -- 5. Sufferings -- 6. Responsibility as a Necessary Condition for Action -- 7. Bound Actions, Unbound Actions, and Responsibility -- 8. Four Necessary Conditions for Bound Action -- III. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 9. “Choose” and “Decide” -- 10. Choosing and Deciding -- 11. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 12. Choosing, Deciding, and Taking -- 13. Choice, Decision, and Deliberation -- IV. Acting, Doing, and Responsibility -- 14. “Perfectly Ordinary Actions” and Ascriptivism -- 15. Doing Something and Being Responsible for Doing It -- 16. Responsibility, What We Do, and the Upshots of What We Do -- 17. Responsibility, Censure, and Punishment -- 18. Action as a Defeasible Concept -- 19. Q3 and Q4 -- 20. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: A Preliminary -- V. On Describing Actions -- 21. Action: A Review -- 22. Descriptions of Actions -- 23. One Action: One Description -- 24. A Parallel with Epistemology: Doings and Things -- VI. Voluntary and Intentional Behavior -- 25. Aristotle on Voluntary Behavior -- 26. The Legal Concept of Voluntary Behavior -- 27. Austin and The Model Penal Code: Summation and Discussion -- 28. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: An Alternative to Aristotle -- 29. Intentional Behavior -- Bibliography of Works Cited -- Index of Authors Cited.
    Abstract: During the past decade, there has been considerable interest among philosophers in providing a philosophically satisfactory and helpful ana­ lysis of a particular type of human behavior called action. As I see it, this interest is a renewal of the efforts of Aristotle, in Ethica Nicomachea, to provide an analysis of voluntary action. Because of this, and because Aristotle's distinctions regarding voluntriety are fundamentally correct, what follows is in some ways a discussion in praise of Aristotle. But I have also argued for an analysis of action which will go some way toward withstanding criticism which can be brought against Aristotle's work as well as criticism which can be brought against the more con­ temporary efforts of others in the same subject. In Chapter Two, I argue for four conditions which are, when met, jointly necessary and sufficient for a particular item of human behavior on a particular occasion to qualify as a human action. The analysis does not allow us to determine that a particular kind of behavior, such as killing, is always an action.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. Action -- 1. Doing and Acting -- 2. Bodily Movements and Actions -- 3. “Acts of Will” and Actions -- 4. Mere Doings and Candidates for Action -- 5. Sufferings -- 6. Responsibility as a Necessary Condition for Action -- 7. Bound Actions, Unbound Actions, and Responsibility -- 8. Four Necessary Conditions for Bound Action -- III. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 9. “Choose” and “Decide” -- 10. Choosing and Deciding -- 11. Choosing, Deciding, and Doing -- 12. Choosing, Deciding, and Taking -- 13. Choice, Decision, and Deliberation -- IV. Acting, Doing, and Responsibility -- 14. “Perfectly Ordinary Actions” and Ascriptivism -- 15. Doing Something and Being Responsible for Doing It -- 16. Responsibility, What We Do, and the Upshots of What We Do -- 17. Responsibility, Censure, and Punishment -- 18. Action as a Defeasible Concept -- 19. Q3 and Q4 -- 20. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: A Preliminary -- V. On Describing Actions -- 21. Action: A Review -- 22. Descriptions of Actions -- 23. One Action: One Description -- 24. A Parallel with Epistemology: Doings and Things -- VI. Voluntary and Intentional Behavior -- 25. Aristotle on Voluntary Behavior -- 26. The Legal Concept of Voluntary Behavior -- 27. Austin and The Model Penal Code: Summation and Discussion -- 28. Voluntary and Involuntary Behavior: An Alternative to Aristotle -- 29. Intentional Behavior -- Bibliography of Works Cited -- Index of Authors Cited.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028363
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy—History. ; Metaphysics.
    Abstract: Analytical Table of Contents -- I. Introduction -- A. The Difficulties -- II. Differences -- A. Introduction -- III. Human Existence -- A. Introduction -- IV. A Glance at Two Contemporary Efforts in Kierkegaardian Scholarship -- V. Forgetting -- A. Introduction -- VI. The Art of Reminding -- A. Introduction -- VII. Conclusion.
    Abstract: The writings of Kierkegaard continue to be a fertile source for con­ temporary philosophical thought. Perhaps the most interesting of his works to a philosopher is the Concluding Unscientific Postscript to the Philosophical Fragments. The Fragments is a brief, algebraic piece in which the author attempts to put forward the central teachings of Christianity in philosophical terminology. The. work is addressed to a reader who has a philosophical bent and who may therefore be tempted to relate to Christianity via such questions as: Can the truth of Christian­ ity be established? The analysis of the Fragments establishes that this way of relating to Christianity is misguided, since Christianity and phil­ osophy are categorically different. Having done this, the author turns his attention in the Postscript to the question of how an individual human being can properly establish a relationship to Christianity. In order to become a Christian, one must first of all exist. "Nothing more than thatP' one may be tempted to think. Yet at the very core of the Postscript is the notion that to exist as an individual human being is difficult. The author goes so far as to claim that men have forgotten what it means to exist.
    Description / Table of Contents: Analytical Table of ContentsI. Introduction -- A. The Difficulties -- II. Differences -- A. Introduction -- III. Human Existence -- A. Introduction -- IV. A Glance at Two Contemporary Efforts in Kierkegaardian Scholarship -- V. Forgetting -- A. Introduction -- VI. The Art of Reminding -- A. Introduction -- VII. Conclusion.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468416954
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The Autonomy of Biology as a Natural Science -- II. The Model of Open Systems: Beyond Molecular Biology -- III. Electronic Mobility in Biological Processes -- IV. The Evolution and Organization of Sentient Biological Behavior Systems -- V. The Evolutionary Significance of Biological Templates -- VI. Evolutionary Modulation of Ribosomal RNA Synthesis in Oogenesis and Early Embryonic Development -- VII. Respiration as Interface Between Self and Non-Self: Historico-Biological Perspectives -- VIII. Measurement Theory and Biology -- IX. The Transition from Theoretical Physics into Theoretical Biology -- X. Scientific Enterprises from a Biological Point of View -- XI. Historical Observations Concerning the Relationship Between Biology and Mathematics -- XII. A Survey of the Mechanical Interpretations of Life from Greek Atomists to the Followers of Descartes -- XIII. The Place of Normative Ethics Within a Biological Framework -- XIV. The Evolutionary Thought of Teilhard De Chardin -- XV. The Use of Biological Concepts in in the Writing of History -- XVI. What is a Historical System? -- XVII. On a Difference Between the Natural Sciences and History -- XVIII. Historical Taxonomy -- XIX. Theories of the Universe in the Late Eighteenth Century -- XX. Must a Machine be an Automaton? -- XXI. Epistemology, the Mind and the Computer -- XXII. Marginal Notes on Schrödinger.
    Abstract: In a world that peers over the brink of disaster more often than not it is difficult to find specific assignments for the scholarly community. One speaks of peace and brotherhood only to realize that for many the only real hope of making a contribution may seem to be in a field of scientific specialization seemingly irrelevant to social causes and problems. Yet the history of man since the beginnings of science in the days of the Greeks does not support this gloomy thesis. Time and again we have seen science precipitate social trends or changes in the humanistic beliefs that have a significant effect on the scientific community. Not infrequently the theoretical scientist, triggered by society's changing goals and understandings, finds ultimate satisfaction in the work of his colleagues in engineering and the other applied fields. Thus the major debate in mid-nineteenth century in which the evidence of natural history and geology at variance with the Biblical feats provided not only courage to a timid Darwin but the kind of audience that was needed to fit his theories into the broad public dialogue on these topics. The impact of "Darwinism" was felt far beyond the scientific community. It affected social thought, upset religious certainties and greatly affected the teaching of science.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Autonomy of Biology as a Natural ScienceII. The Model of Open Systems: Beyond Molecular Biology -- III. Electronic Mobility in Biological Processes -- IV. The Evolution and Organization of Sentient Biological Behavior Systems -- V. The Evolutionary Significance of Biological Templates -- VI. Evolutionary Modulation of Ribosomal RNA Synthesis in Oogenesis and Early Embryonic Development -- VII. Respiration as Interface Between Self and Non-Self: Historico-Biological Perspectives -- VIII. Measurement Theory and Biology -- IX. The Transition from Theoretical Physics into Theoretical Biology -- X. Scientific Enterprises from a Biological Point of View -- XI. Historical Observations Concerning the Relationship Between Biology and Mathematics -- XII. A Survey of the Mechanical Interpretations of Life from Greek Atomists to the Followers of Descartes -- XIII. The Place of Normative Ethics Within a Biological Framework -- XIV. The Evolutionary Thought of Teilhard De Chardin -- XV. The Use of Biological Concepts in in the Writing of History -- XVI. What is a Historical System? -- XVII. On a Difference Between the Natural Sciences and History -- XVIII. Historical Taxonomy -- XIX. Theories of the Universe in the Late Eighteenth Century -- XX. Must a Machine be an Automaton? -- XXI. Epistemology, the Mind and the Computer -- XXII. Marginal Notes on Schrödinger.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401194839
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (567p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Criminology. ; Commercial law.
    Abstract: One The Organizational Framework of the Court of Justice Chapter -- I: The Legal Character of the Communities -- II: The Jurisdiction of the Court -- Two The Theoretical Foundations of Judicial Decision -- III: The Concept of Law in Judicial Decision -- IV: The Institutional Foundations of Judicial Decision -- Three The Jurisprudence of the Court -- V: The Search for Purpose -- VI: The Search for Authority -- VII: The Search for Practicability -- Conclusions -- Abbreviations -- Index of Court Decisions -- Index of Treaty Articles -- Index of Subject and Author.
    Abstract: The present generation lives in a time of transition. The isolated national legal order, the supreme idea of 19th Century legal science, begins to be superseded by the evolution of a wider international and transnational net­ work of legal rules and conceptions. With the recognition of a fundamental guarantee of human rights as a binding ingredient of the framework of inter­ national law, the strict separation of the internal system of the states from the international community is transcended. To this extent, the rules of international law now exercise a direct influence upon the national legal order. In some conventional arrangements safeguarding human rights, the individual is given direct access to international protection against his own state. The piercing of national borders by transnational norms finds its strongest expression in the formation of regional communities of states which seek to develop a common fund of legal rules, concepts and principles among their members. The leading role in this direction lies with European organizations. In the Community formed by the signatories of the European Convention on Human Rights, the members accept for themselves a stan­ dard of legal guarantees for fundamental rights of the individual laid down in the Convention. The organs of the Convention, including the Court and foremost the Commission, fulfill their tasks by measuring the national laws of the member states against the basic requirements embodied in the Euro­ pean Convention.
    Description / Table of Contents: One The Organizational Framework of the Court of Justice ChapterI: The Legal Character of the Communities -- II: The Jurisdiction of the Court -- Two The Theoretical Foundations of Judicial Decision -- III: The Concept of Law in Judicial Decision -- IV: The Institutional Foundations of Judicial Decision -- Three The Jurisprudence of the Court -- V: The Search for Purpose -- VI: The Search for Authority -- VII: The Search for Practicability -- Conclusions -- Abbreviations -- Index of Court Decisions -- Index of Treaty Articles -- Index of Subject and Author.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468460421
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- 1. Introduction -- II. Products of DNA Activation -- 2. Macromolecules-Functional and Biochemical Correlates -- 3. Brain Function and RNA -- 4. Macromolecules and Brain Function -- 5. Inhibitors of Cerebral Protein or RNA Synthesis and Memory -- 6. Biological Assays for the Molecular Coding of Acquired Information -- 7. Biological Activity of Antibrain Antibody—an Introduction to Immunoneurology -- 8. Correlation of the S-100 Brain Protein with Behavior -- III. Macromolecules and Intracellular, Intercellular, and Synaptic Events -- 9. Axoplasmic Flow-The Fast Transport System in Mammalian Nerve Fibers -- 10. A Molecular Basis for Regional Differentiation of the Excitable Membrane -- 11. Macromolecular Synthesis in Synapses -- 12. Chemical and Anatomical Plasticity of Brain: Replications and Extensions, 1970 -- 13. Macromolecular Change and the Synapse -- 14. Autoradiographic Examination of Behaviorally Induced Changes in the Protein and Nucleic Acid Metabolism of the Brain -- 15. Macromolecular Changes Within Neuron-Neuroglia Unit During Behavioral Events -- IV. Models of Memory -- 16. Molecular Biological Approaches to the Study of Memory -- 17. Some Dimensions of Remembering: Steps Toward Neuropsychological Model of Memory.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction1. Introduction -- II. Products of DNA Activation -- 2. Macromolecules-Functional and Biochemical Correlates -- 3. Brain Function and RNA -- 4. Macromolecules and Brain Function -- 5. Inhibitors of Cerebral Protein or RNA Synthesis and Memory -- 6. Biological Assays for the Molecular Coding of Acquired Information -- 7. Biological Activity of Antibrain Antibody-an Introduction to Immunoneurology -- 8. Correlation of the S-100 Brain Protein with Behavior -- III. Macromolecules and Intracellular, Intercellular, and Synaptic Events -- 9. Axoplasmic Flow-The Fast Transport System in Mammalian Nerve Fibers -- 10. A Molecular Basis for Regional Differentiation of the Excitable Membrane -- 11. Macromolecular Synthesis in Synapses -- 12. Chemical and Anatomical Plasticity of Brain: Replications and Extensions, 1970 -- 13. Macromolecular Change and the Synapse -- 14. Autoradiographic Examination of Behaviorally Induced Changes in the Protein and Nucleic Acid Metabolism of the Brain -- 15. Macromolecular Changes Within Neuron-Neuroglia Unit During Behavioral Events -- IV. Models of Memory -- 16. Molecular Biological Approaches to the Study of Memory -- 17. Some Dimensions of Remembering: Steps Toward Neuropsychological Model of Memory.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401169288
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Fourth Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Errors of Observation -- 1 Accidental and systematic errors -- 2 Errors and fractional errors -- 3 Estimate of error -- 4 Estimate of the error in compound quantities -- 5 Error in a product -- 6 Error in a quotient -- 7 Use of the calculus -- 8 Error in a sum or difference -- 2. Some Statistical Ideas -- 9 Frequency distributions -- 10 The mean -- 11 Relative frequency -- 12 The median -- 13 Frequency curves -- 14 Measures of dispersion -- 15 The range -- 16 The mean deviation -- 17 The standard deviation -- 18 Evaluation of standard deviation, ? -- 19 Sheppard’s correction -- 20 Charlier’s checks -- 21 The mean and standard deviation of a sum -- 22 Certain special frequency distributions -- 23 The binomial distribution -- 24 The Poisson distribution -- 25 The normal distribution -- 26 Relation between a normal and a binomial distribution -- 27 The mean deviation of a normal distribution -- 28 Area under the normal error curve -- 29 Sampling, standard error of the mean -- 30 Bessel’s formulae -- 31 Peters’ formulae -- 32 Fitting of a normal curve -- 33 Other frequency distributions -- 3. Theory of Errors -- 34 The normal or Gaussian law of error -- 35 Applicability of the normal law of error -- 36 Normal error distributions -- 37 Standard error of a sum or difference -- 38 Standard error of a product -- 39 Standard error of a compound quantity -- 40 Method of least squares -- 41 Weighted mean -- 42 Standard error of weighted mean -- 43 Internal and external consistency -- 44 Other applications of the method of least squares, solution of linear equations -- 45 Solution of linear equations involving observed quantities -- 46 Curve fitting -- 47 Line of regression -- 48 Accuracy of coefficients -- 49 Other curves -- References.
    Abstract: This little book is written in the first place for students in technical colleges taking the National Certificate Courses in Applied Physics; it is hoped it will appeal also to students of physics, and pernaps chemistry, in the sixth forms of grammar schools and in the universltIes. For wherever experimental work in physics, or in science generally, is undertakcn the degree of accuracy of the measurements, and of the res,!lts of the experiments, must be of the first importance. Every teacher of experimental physics knows how "results" given to three or four decimal plaees are often in error in the first place; students suffer from "delusions of accuracy. " At a higher level too, more experieneed workers sometimes claim a degree of accuracy which cannot be justified. Perhaps a considera­ tion of the topics discussed in this monograph will stimulate in students an attitude to experimental results at onee more modest and more profound. The mathematical treatment throughout has been kept as simple as possible. It has seemed advisable, however, to explain the statistical concepts at the basis of the main considerations, and it is hoped that Chapter 2 contains as elementary an account of the leading statistical ideas involved as is possible in such small compass. It is a necessary link between the simple introduction to the nature and estimation of errors given in Chapter 1, and the theory of errors discussed in Chapter 3.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Errors of Observation1 Accidental and systematic errors -- 2 Errors and fractional errors -- 3 Estimate of error -- 4 Estimate of the error in compound quantities -- 5 Error in a product -- 6 Error in a quotient -- 7 Use of the calculus -- 8 Error in a sum or difference -- 2. Some Statistical Ideas -- 9 Frequency distributions -- 10 The mean -- 11 Relative frequency -- 12 The median -- 13 Frequency curves -- 14 Measures of dispersion -- 15 The range -- 16 The mean deviation -- 17 The standard deviation -- 18 Evaluation of standard deviation, ? -- 19 Sheppard’s correction -- 20 Charlier’s checks -- 21 The mean and standard deviation of a sum -- 22 Certain special frequency distributions -- 23 The binomial distribution -- 24 The Poisson distribution -- 25 The normal distribution -- 26 Relation between a normal and a binomial distribution -- 27 The mean deviation of a normal distribution -- 28 Area under the normal error curve -- 29 Sampling, standard error of the mean -- 30 Bessel’s formulae -- 31 Peters’ formulae -- 32 Fitting of a normal curve -- 33 Other frequency distributions -- 3. Theory of Errors -- 34 The normal or Gaussian law of error -- 35 Applicability of the normal law of error -- 36 Normal error distributions -- 37 Standard error of a sum or difference -- 38 Standard error of a product -- 39 Standard error of a compound quantity -- 40 Method of least squares -- 41 Weighted mean -- 42 Standard error of weighted mean -- 43 Internal and external consistency -- 44 Other applications of the method of least squares, solution of linear equations -- 45 Solution of linear equations involving observed quantities -- 46 Curve fitting -- 47 Line of regression -- 48 Accuracy of coefficients -- 49 Other curves -- References.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401195584
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (90p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Metaphysics. ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- The Current Dilemma -- Philosophical Theology -- The Structure of a Transcendental Critique of Theology -- II. An Epistemological Conception of the Transcendental Imagination -- Kant and the Notion of the A Priori -- The Invariant Heuristic Structure of the Transcendental Imagination -- A Correspondent Notion of Being -- A Protest Against Obscurantism -- The Encounter of Thomism and Kantianism -- Transcendent Knowledge -- III. Transcendental Ontology -- A Radical Beginning -- Internal Relations and the Thrownness of Dasein -- Unconcealment in an Unphilosophical State of Knowing -- Unconcealment in the Philosophical State of Knowing -- IV. An Ontological Conception of the Transcendental Imagination -- The Expansion of Our Method -- Basic Elements in a Monadic Theory of Nature -- Nexus, Creative Passage, and Higher Phases of Experience -- The Ontological Meaning of the Transcendental Imagination -- Language and the Transcendental Imagination -- An Ontological Conception of Language and the Appearance of Man -- V. The Development of a Hermeneutical Theology -- The Centrality of the Hermeneutical Question for the Growth of Theology -- The Immediacy of the Historical -- The Horizon of Religious Understanding -- The Task of Theology -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: The "transcendental imagination" is a philosophical conception used in this essay to illuminate the ontological significance of the continuing proclamation of the Word of God. It has become necessary for theology to respond to the growth of secularization and the impoverishment of religious language in contemporary experience by initiating foundation­ al inquiry into the meaning and possibility of theological reflection. The following essay is intended to be a preliminary step toward an understanding of theology and religious discourse as they are intimately bound to the realization of possibilities in the life of the church. There are many people to whom I am indebted for my understanding of theology and for the development of this book. I here would like to express my appreciation and gratitude to Professor George Guthrie for introducing me to foundational questions in the study of philosophy during my student years at the University of Toledo; to Professors Schubert Ogden and David Tracy for their careful reading and criticism of this manuscript; and especially to my advisor, Professor Langdon Gilkey, for his encouragement, criticisms, and suggestions during my graduate study at the Divinity School, The University of Chicago. Most importantly, I want to thank my wife Anna, to whom this book is dedicated, for sharing with me her strength, creativity and love.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionThe Current Dilemma -- Philosophical Theology -- The Structure of a Transcendental Critique of Theology -- II. An Epistemological Conception of the Transcendental Imagination -- Kant and the Notion of the A Priori -- The Invariant Heuristic Structure of the Transcendental Imagination -- A Correspondent Notion of Being -- A Protest Against Obscurantism -- The Encounter of Thomism and Kantianism -- Transcendent Knowledge -- III. Transcendental Ontology -- A Radical Beginning -- Internal Relations and the Thrownness of Dasein -- Unconcealment in an Unphilosophical State of Knowing -- Unconcealment in the Philosophical State of Knowing -- IV. An Ontological Conception of the Transcendental Imagination -- The Expansion of Our Method -- Basic Elements in a Monadic Theory of Nature -- Nexus, Creative Passage, and Higher Phases of Experience -- The Ontological Meaning of the Transcendental Imagination -- Language and the Transcendental Imagination -- An Ontological Conception of Language and the Appearance of Man -- V. The Development of a Hermeneutical Theology -- The Centrality of the Hermeneutical Question for the Growth of Theology -- The Immediacy of the Historical -- The Horizon of Religious Understanding -- The Task of Theology -- Conclusion.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401765619
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 178 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400959736
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Seventh Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I Development in the Egg -- References -- II The Integument -- Properties of the cuticle -- Formation and shedding of the cuticle -- References -- III Growth -- Moulting -- Metamorphosis -- Determination of characters during post-embryonic development -- Regeneration -- Diapause -- References -- IV Muscular System and Locomotion -- Anatomy and histology -- Physiological properties of insect muscles -- Locomotion -- References -- V Nervous and Endocrine Systems -- Nervous system -- Visceral nervous system -- Endocrine system -- References -- VI Sense Organs: Vision -- Compound eye -- Simple eyes -- References -- VII Sense Organs: Mechanical and Chemical Senses -- Mechanical senses -- Hearing -- Chemical senses -- Temperature and humidity -- References -- VIII Behaviour -- Kinesis and related phenomena -- Orientation -- Co-ordinated behaviour -- References -- IX Respiration -- Tracheal system -- Development of the tracheal system -- Transport of oxygen to the tracheal endings -- Elimination of carbon dioxide -- Respiration of aquatic insects -- Respiration of endoparasitic insects -- Respiratory function of the blood -- Regulation of respiratory movements -- References -- X The Circulatory System and Associated Tissues -- Circulatory system -- Haemolymph -- Haemocytes -- Pericardial cells and so-called ‘nephrocytes’ -- Fat body -- Oenocytes -- Light-producing organs -- References -- XI Digestion and Nutrition -- Fore-gut -- Peritrophic membrane -- Mid-gut -- Hind-gut -- Secretions of the alimentary canal -- Digestion of some skeletal and other substances of plants and animals -- The role of lower organisms in digestion -- Nutrition -- References -- XII Excretion -- Urine -- Intermediary nitrogen metabolism -- Malpighian tubes -- Histophysiology of the Malpighian tubes -- Accessory functions of Malpighian tubes -- Malpighian tubes during moulting and metamorphosis -- Cephalic excretory organs and intestinal excretion -- Storage excretion -- References -- XIII Metabolism -- Chemical transformations -- Some chemical products of insects -- Pigment metabolism -- Respiratory metabolism -- References -- XIV Water and Temperature -- Water relations -- Temperature relations -- References -- XV Reproductive System -- Female reproductive system -- Male reproductive system -- Mating, impregnation and fertilization -- Some factors controlling fertility and fecundity -- Special modes of reproduction -- Sex determination -- Transmission of symbiotic micro-organisms -- References -- Index of Authors -- General Index.
    Abstract: INSECTS PROVIDE an ideal medium in which to study all the problems of physiology. But if this medium is to be used to the best advantage, the principles and peculiarities of the insect's organization must be first appreciated. It is the purpose of this book to set forth these principles so far as they are understood at the present day. There exist already many excellent text-books of general ento­ mology; notably those of Imms, Weber, and Snodgrass, to mention only the more recent. But these authors have necessarily been preoccupied chiefly with describing the diversity of form among insects; discussions on function being correspondingly condensed. In the present work the emphasis is reversed. Struc­ ture is described only to an extent sufficient to make the physiological argument intelligible. Every anatomical peculiarity, every ecological specialization, has indeed its physiological counterpart. In that sense, anatomy, physiology and ecology are not separable. But regarded from the standpoint from which the present work is written, the endless modifications that are met with among insects are but illustrations of the general principles of their physiology, which it is the aim of this book to set forth. Completeness in such a work is not possible, or desirable; but an endeavour has been made to illustrate each physiological characteristic by a few concrete examples, and to include sufficient references to guide the student to the more important sources. The physiology of insects is to some the handmaid of Economic Entomology.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Development in the EggReferences -- II The Integument -- Properties of the cuticle -- Formation and shedding of the cuticle -- References -- III Growth -- Moulting -- Metamorphosis -- Determination of characters during post-embryonic development -- Regeneration -- Diapause -- References -- IV Muscular System and Locomotion -- Anatomy and histology -- Physiological properties of insect muscles -- Locomotion -- References -- V Nervous and Endocrine Systems -- Nervous system -- Visceral nervous system -- Endocrine system -- References -- VI Sense Organs: Vision -- Compound eye -- Simple eyes -- References -- VII Sense Organs: Mechanical and Chemical Senses -- Mechanical senses -- Hearing -- Chemical senses -- Temperature and humidity -- References -- VIII Behaviour -- Kinesis and related phenomena -- Orientation -- Co-ordinated behaviour -- References -- IX Respiration -- Tracheal system -- Development of the tracheal system -- Transport of oxygen to the tracheal endings -- Elimination of carbon dioxide -- Respiration of aquatic insects -- Respiration of endoparasitic insects -- Respiratory function of the blood -- Regulation of respiratory movements -- References -- X The Circulatory System and Associated Tissues -- Circulatory system -- Haemolymph -- Haemocytes -- Pericardial cells and so-called ‘nephrocytes’ -- Fat body -- Oenocytes -- Light-producing organs -- References -- XI Digestion and Nutrition -- Fore-gut -- Peritrophic membrane -- Mid-gut -- Hind-gut -- Secretions of the alimentary canal -- Digestion of some skeletal and other substances of plants and animals -- The role of lower organisms in digestion -- Nutrition -- References -- XII Excretion -- Urine -- Intermediary nitrogen metabolism -- Malpighian tubes -- Histophysiology of the Malpighian tubes -- Accessory functions of Malpighian tubes -- Malpighian tubes during moulting and metamorphosis -- Cephalic excretory organs and intestinal excretion -- Storage excretion -- References -- XIII Metabolism -- Chemical transformations -- Some chemical products of insects -- Pigment metabolism -- Respiratory metabolism -- References -- XIV Water and Temperature -- Water relations -- Temperature relations -- References -- XV Reproductive System -- Female reproductive system -- Male reproductive system -- Mating, impregnation and fertilization -- Some factors controlling fertility and fecundity -- Special modes of reproduction -- Sex determination -- Transmission of symbiotic micro-organisms -- References -- Index of Authors -- General Index.
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  • 35
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401093149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: General -- The Greek alphabet -- SI units -- Other metric units -- Multiples and submultiples -- Conversion factors -- Mathematics -- Logarithms, base 10 -- Natural sines, natural cosines -- Natural tangents, natural cotangents -- Degrees to radians, etc. -- Logarithms of factorials -- Circular functions -- Exponential funefons -- Constants -- Binomial coefficients -- Series -- Fourier series for certain waveforms -- Trigonometric, hyperbolic and exponential functions -- Trigonometric relations -- Hyperbolic relations -- Differentials -- Indefinite integrals -- Definite integrals -- Fourier transform -- Laplace transform -- Complex variable -- Algebraic equations -- Differential equations -- Vector analysis -- Matrices -- Properties of plane curves and figures -- Moments of inertia, etc., of rigid bodies -- Numerical analysis -- Statistics -- Properties of matter -- Physical constants -- The periodic table -- Atomic properties of the elements -- Physical properties of solids -- Mechanical properties of solids -- Work functions -- Properties of semiconductors -- Properties of ferromagnetic materials -- Superconducting materials -- Properties of liquids -- Thermodynamic properties of fluids -- Properties of gases -- Thermochemical data for equilibrium reactions -- Thermodynamics and fluid mechanics -- Thermodynamic relations -- Equations for fluid flow -- Dimensionless groups -- Convective heat transfer: empirical formulae -- Black-body radiation -- Generalized compressibility chart -- Tables for compressible flow of a perfect gas -- Oblique shocks: shock-wave angle versus flow-deflection angle -- Oblique shocks: pressure ratio and downstream Mach number -- Coefficient of friction for pipes -- Coefficients of loss for pipe fittings -- Boundary-layer friction and drag -- Open-channel flow -- Elasticity and structures -- Two-dimensional stress and strain -- Three-dimensional stress and strain -- Bending of laterally loaded plates -- Torsion -- Yield criteria -- Beams and structural members -- Stability functions for uniform sections -- Dimensions and properties of British Standard sections to B.S.4. -- Mechanics -- Statics -- Kinematics -- Dynamics -- Vibrations -- Electricity -- Electromagnetism -- Linear passive circuits -- Rectangular waveguides -- Resonant cavities -- Radiation and aerials -- Poles and zeros -- Linear active circuits -- Transistor equivalent circuits -- Electrical machines -- Solid-state electronic properties -- Miscellaneous -- Gauges for wire and sheet metal -- Standard screw threads -- References.
    Abstract: This book brings together information which is used by engineers, and needed especially by students of engineering, but difficult to find in a collected form. In this respect engineering, perhaps because it is more often divided into separate branches, has so far been less well served than the other physical sciences; we hope to have in part redressed the balance. The contents are designed chiefly for engineering students of all kinds in universities and colleges, but they should also prove useful to practising engineers as a general reference. There was some difficulty in choosing numerical values for parts of the section Properties of Matter. Information was culled from a range of sources which sometimes show an alarming lack of consistency. Given a choice, we have used values which are either average or more likely to be reliable. The degree of tolerance required varies very widely between, for example, the precision to which thermodynamic proper­ ties of steam are known and the uncertainty in those mechanical properties of solids which depend strongly on quality and preparation. The tables on pages 4-12 inclusive are reproduced from S.M.P. Advanced Tables by permission of Cambridge University Press. The tables on pages 35 and 36 are reproduced from Elementary Statistical Tables: lindley and Miller, h./ permission of Cambridge University Press. The tables on pages 37 and 38 are reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.
    Description / Table of Contents: GeneralThe Greek alphabet -- SI units -- Other metric units -- Multiples and submultiples -- Conversion factors -- Mathematics -- Logarithms, base 10 -- Natural sines, natural cosines -- Natural tangents, natural cotangents -- Degrees to radians, etc. -- Logarithms of factorials -- Circular functions -- Exponential funefons -- Constants -- Binomial coefficients -- Series -- Fourier series for certain waveforms -- Trigonometric, hyperbolic and exponential functions -- Trigonometric relations -- Hyperbolic relations -- Differentials -- Indefinite integrals -- Definite integrals -- Fourier transform -- Laplace transform -- Complex variable -- Algebraic equations -- Differential equations -- Vector analysis -- Matrices -- Properties of plane curves and figures -- Moments of inertia, etc., of rigid bodies -- Numerical analysis -- Statistics -- Properties of matter -- Physical constants -- The periodic table -- Atomic properties of the elements -- Physical properties of solids -- Mechanical properties of solids -- Work functions -- Properties of semiconductors -- Properties of ferromagnetic materials -- Superconducting materials -- Properties of liquids -- Thermodynamic properties of fluids -- Properties of gases -- Thermochemical data for equilibrium reactions -- Thermodynamics and fluid mechanics -- Thermodynamic relations -- Equations for fluid flow -- Dimensionless groups -- Convective heat transfer: empirical formulae -- Black-body radiation -- Generalized compressibility chart -- Tables for compressible flow of a perfect gas -- Oblique shocks: shock-wave angle versus flow-deflection angle -- Oblique shocks: pressure ratio and downstream Mach number -- Coefficient of friction for pipes -- Coefficients of loss for pipe fittings -- Boundary-layer friction and drag -- Open-channel flow -- Elasticity and structures -- Two-dimensional stress and strain -- Three-dimensional stress and strain -- Bending of laterally loaded plates -- Torsion -- Yield criteria -- Beams and structural members -- Stability functions for uniform sections -- Dimensions and properties of British Standard sections to B.S.4. -- Mechanics -- Statics -- Kinematics -- Dynamics -- Vibrations -- Electricity -- Electromagnetism -- Linear passive circuits -- Rectangular waveguides -- Resonant cavities -- Radiation and aerials -- Poles and zeros -- Linear active circuits -- Transistor equivalent circuits -- Electrical machines -- Solid-state electronic properties -- Miscellaneous -- Gauges for wire and sheet metal -- Standard screw threads -- References.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789401023801
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Elders, Leo, 1926 - 2019 [Rezension von: Bonnette, D., Aquinas' Proofs for God's Existence. St. Thomas Aquinas on: « The Per Accidens necessarily implies the Per Se »] 1973
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Religion.
    Abstract: The Nature and Limits of the Inquiry — The Central Contexts to be Analysed -- I Domains other than that of Creature-God -- I. The Domain of Accident-Substance -- II. The Domain of Change -- III. The Domain of Knowledge -- II The Domain of Creature-God -- Introduction: The Cause of Per Accidens Being -- I. The Way of the De Ente Et Essentia -- II. Apropos of the Quinque Viae in General -- III. The Prima Via -- IV. The Secunda Via -- V. The Tertia Via -- VI. The Quarta Via -- VII. The Quinta Via -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the legitimacy of the principle, "The per accidens necessarily implies the per se," as it is found in the writings of St. Thomas Aquinas. Special emphasis will be placed upon the function of this principle in the proofs for God's existence. The relevance of the principle in this latter context can be seen at once when it is observed that it is the key to the solution of the well known "prob­ lem of infinite regress. " The investigation of the principle in question will be divided into two Parts. A preliminary examination of the function of the principle will be made in Part I: Domains Other Than That of Creature-God. The domains to be considered in this Part are those of accident-substance, change, and knowledge. Employing what is learned of the function of the principle in these areas of application, Part II: The Domain of Creature-God will analyze the role of the principle in the proofs for God's existence. This latter Part will constitute the greater portion of the book, since the domain of creatures in their relation to God is the most significant application of the principle in the writings of St. Thomas. In the course of this investigation, relevant analyses by St. Thomas' commentators - both classical and contemporary - will be considered. Finally, in light of the insights offered by St.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Nature and Limits of the Inquiry - The Central Contexts to be AnalysedI Domains other than that of Creature-God -- I. The Domain of Accident-Substance -- II. The Domain of Change -- III. The Domain of Knowledge -- II The Domain of Creature-God -- Introduction: The Cause of Per Accidens Being -- I. The Way of the De Ente Et Essentia -- II. Apropos of the Quinque Viae in General -- III. The Prima Via -- IV. The Secunda Via -- V. The Tertia Via -- VI. The Quarta Via -- VII. The Quinta Via -- Conclusion.
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  • 37
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027236
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 100 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Russell and the linguistic philosophy -- I. The quest for logical form -- Reference and meaning -- Two senses of “logical form” -- Logical form, propositional constituents, and reconstructionism -- The “logically perfect” language -- The theory of acquaintance -- Proper names -- The “minimum vocabulary” -- Summary and conclusion -- II. The uses of reconstructionism -- The theory of descriptions -- The analysis of class-symbols -- The logical construction of physical objects -- Conclusion -- III. Critique of Russell’s philosophy of language -- The theory of acquaintance -- The doctrine of logical form -- Philosophical analysis as elucidation of ontological structure -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: RUSSELL AND THE LINGUISTIC PHILOSOPHY It is generally acknowledged that Bertrand Russell played a vital role in the so-called "revolution" that has taken place in twentieth century Anglo-American philosophy, the revolution that has led many philo­ sophers virtually to equate philosophy with some variety - or varieties - of linguistic analysis. His contributions to this revolution were two­ fold: (I) together with G. E. Moore he led the successful revolt against the neo-Hegelianism of Idealists such as Bradley and McTaggert; (2) again with Moore he provided much of the impetus for a somewhat revolutionary way of doing philosophy. (I) and (2) are, of course, close­ ly related, since the new way of philosophizing could be said to consti­ tute, in large part, the revolt against Idealism. Be this as it may, how­ ever, the important fact for present consideration is that Russell was a major influence in turning Anglo-American philosophy in the direction it has subsequently taken - toward what may be termed, quite general­ ly, the "linguistic philosophy. " Unfortunately, though his importance as a precursor of the linguistic philosophy is well-known, the precise sense in which Russell himself can be considered a "philosopher of language" has not, to the present time, been sufficiently clarified. Useful beginnings have been made toward an investigation of this question, but they have been, withal, only begin­ nings, and nothing like an adequate picture of Russell's overall philoso­ phy of language is presently available.
    Description / Table of Contents: Russell and the linguistic philosophyI. The quest for logical form -- Reference and meaning -- Two senses of “logical form” -- Logical form, propositional constituents, and reconstructionism -- The “logically perfect” language -- The theory of acquaintance -- Proper names -- The “minimum vocabulary” -- Summary and conclusion -- II. The uses of reconstructionism -- The theory of descriptions -- The analysis of class-symbols -- The logical construction of physical objects -- Conclusion -- III. Critique of Russell’s philosophy of language -- The theory of acquaintance -- The doctrine of logical form -- Philosophical analysis as elucidation of ontological structure -- Selected Bibliography.
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  • 38
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027731
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. Introduction: A Conceptual Framework -- I The Political Environment -- II. The Historical Background -- III. The Communal Structure of Politics -- IV. Economic and Demographic Conditions -- II The Changing Structure of Society -- V. Patriarchal Oligarchy -- VI. Palace Politics Versus Constitutionalism (1950–1953) -- III External Factors in Political Development -- VII. From The Baghdad Pact to The Eisenhower Doctrine (1954–57) -- VIII. Jordan, The Arab Union, And The United Arab Republic -- IX. The Search for Stability, 1959–1965 -- X. Summary and Conclusions.
    Abstract: The past decade has been a period of excessive fiuctuation fluctuation in the distribution and exerciseof exercise of power power in in Jordan, Jordan, and and the the land land and and the the people people have have passed passed through through some some of the most agonizing moments of their history. The political climate has been polluted with suspicion and repression, and even when peace and tranquility retumed, returned, the determinants ,¥ere ,,,,ere the the external extemal factors, factors, rather rather than than the the internal intemal maturity maturity and and harmony harmony of the system to create conditions of life which could ensure respect respeet for law lawand and liberties liberties among among the the rulers, rulers, and and trust trust and and confidence confidence among among the the subjects. subjects. The The defeat defeat of Arab armies in June, 1967 stimulated the rise of a Palestinian resistance movement based in Trans-Jordan, commonly known as the East Bank. This element has given a new dimension to Jordanian politics. The government and Commandos are at cross-purposes on practically every issue of public policy. The civil war and the blood-shed it it entailed entailed have have further further critically critically strained strained relations relations between between the the two. two. This This has has perpetuated perpetuated an an atmosphere atmosphere of chronic tension and insecurity in the country.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction: A Conceptual FrameworkI The Political Environment -- II. The Historical Background -- III. The Communal Structure of Politics -- IV. Economic and Demographic Conditions -- II The Changing Structure of Society -- V. Patriarchal Oligarchy -- VI. Palace Politics Versus Constitutionalism (1950-1953) -- III External Factors in Political Development -- VII. From The Baghdad Pact to The Eisenhower Doctrine (1954-57) -- VIII. Jordan, The Arab Union, And The United Arab Republic -- IX. The Search for Stability, 1959-1965 -- X. Summary and Conclusions.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (79p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The New Science -- II. Vico’s Intention -- III. The Influences on Vico -- IV. The Rise and Course of Nations.
    Abstract: It would be an understatement to say that the New Science is difficult to read. Most contemporary readers conclude with a Russian scholar that Vico's thought "is expressed in extremely naive forms, profound thoughts are interspersed with all sorts of pedantic trifles, the exposition is very confusing, yet it is beyond doubt that the basic idea is a work of genius. " 1 There can be no disputing the fact that the New Science is difficult to read; the dispute emerges in the effort to explain how a work which is at once "confusing," "naive" and "pedantic," can be a "work of genius. " The purpose of this brief study is to suggest that a good deal of the confusion can be dispelled when the New Science is read with care and an eye to the possibility of two levels of meaning. We must never forget that Vico was a professor of rhetoric and was therefore familiar with the techniques of cautious writing. It is our conviction that the New Science is an exoteric book which means that it contains two levels of meaning: one which conveys a popular and orthodox message, and another which 2 conveys a philosophical message addressed to philosophers. A large number of contemporary scholars tend to minimize or dismiss this type of writing.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The New ScienceII. Vico’s Intention -- III. The Influences on Vico -- IV. The Rise and Course of Nations.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (127p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Ethics ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Liberty and Community as Problems -- Hocking’s Life and Work -- Liberty and Community as Themes in Hocking’s Political Philosophy -- I: Perspectives on the Study of Man -- The Approach of Political Philosophy -- The Broadened Empiricism: Critical Statement -- The Broadened Empiricism: Constructive Statement -- The Basic Ethical Standard: Human Potentiality -- II: The Free and Social Self -- The Challenge of Social Thought -- Freedom, Personal Unity, and the Will -- Sociality -- Society and the Individual -- III: The Political Community -- The State as a Problem -- The Origin of the Political Community -- The Purpose of the Political Community -- The Political Community as a Will Circuit -- Sovereignty -- IV: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities -- Ways of Thinking About Rights -- Presumptive Right and Social Duty -- The Reformulation of Liberalism -- Political Participation and Leadership -- The Freedom of Expression -- V: Liberty and Community in International Relations -- Ethics and International Relations -- Securing International Peace -- Concluding statement -- Selected bibliography of William ernest hocking.
    Abstract: This study of the political philosophy of William Ernest Hocking be­ gan as a doctoral dissertation at Tulane University. Hocking (1873- 1966) was for many years Alford Professor of Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity at Harvard University. Although he is relatively well-known among American philosophers, particularly by students of metaphysics and the philosophy of religion, very little atten­ tion has been given to his political philosophy. Some general studies of his thought summarize his political writings in a very cursory fashion, but they do not discuss his contributions in detail or relate them to significant issues in political philosophy. Most important general works on modern political philosophy or American political thought do not even mention Hocking; a few note his name in passing. Because he is almost completely unknown in the social sciences, the original purpose of this study was to explore, systematize, and present his extensive writings in political philosophy. It then became apparent that his entire political philosophy is oriented around the concepts of liberty and community. When his thought is analyzed in terms of these themes, its unity and coherence are more obvious. Moreover, his writings become more significant when they are related to liberty and community, for these are focal concepts for important problems in modern political philosophy. This study of Hocking's political philosophy will, it is hoped, help us to see how liberty and community can be more understandable, attainable, and compatible with one another.
    Description / Table of Contents: Liberty and Community as ProblemsHocking’s Life and Work -- Liberty and Community as Themes in Hocking’s Political Philosophy -- I: Perspectives on the Study of Man -- The Approach of Political Philosophy -- The Broadened Empiricism: Critical Statement -- The Broadened Empiricism: Constructive Statement -- The Basic Ethical Standard: Human Potentiality -- II: The Free and Social Self -- The Challenge of Social Thought -- Freedom, Personal Unity, and the Will -- Sociality -- Society and the Individual -- III: The Political Community -- The State as a Problem -- The Origin of the Political Community -- The Purpose of the Political Community -- The Political Community as a Will Circuit -- Sovereignty -- IV: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities -- Ways of Thinking About Rights -- Presumptive Right and Social Duty -- The Reformulation of Liberalism -- Political Participation and Leadership -- The Freedom of Expression -- V: Liberty and Community in International Relations -- Ethics and International Relations -- Securing International Peace -- Concluding statement -- Selected bibliography of William ernest hocking.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028165
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Anthropology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Confusion and Search for Gods -- 1. Obscurities in Man’s World -- 2. Cabin on the Nechako -- 3. The General Method of the Present Book -- I. Early Man’s World -- 1. Modern Specialization and Mythical Wholeness -- 2. The Theocentric or Enthusiastic World -- 3. Enthusiasm in the Mythical World -- 4. Man’s Mortality -- II. Gods -- 1. Gods and the Ancient Way of Life -- 2. Nature and Gods -- 3. Gods and the Human World -- 4. Nature and Concealment -- 5. The Play of Gods -- III. Nature and Man -- 1. The Solidity of the Ancient World -- 2. Western Philosophy -- 3. Things and Gods -- 4. Godlessness -- 5. Freedom -- 6. Christianity -- IV. Man and Animals -- 1. Nature, the Ever-Hidden -- 2. Technology and Nature -- 3. Some Traits of Animal Life -- 4. Culture and Nature’s Play -- 5. Animal and Human Societies -- 6. Wisdom -- 7. Wisdom and Gods -- 8. The Godliness of Things and Animals -- V. Culture -- 1. Cult — Co-play with Gods -- 2. Man’s Responsive Attitude in Cults -- 3. Man’s Erring -- 4. Man in Nature’s Play -- 5. Contemporary and Mythical Man -- 6. Language -- 7. Man’s Guilt -- 8. Spatio-Temporal Play -- 9. The Relativity of Culture -- VI. The Greatness of Man -- 1. The Wail of a Dead Tree -- 2. The Event of Philosophy -- 3. Rational and Transcendental Ethics -- 4. Great Men -- 5. Opinions -- 6. Freedom -- 7. Mediation between Gods and Men -- 8. The Encumbrance of Lordly Dwelling in Contemporary Times -- VII. Death -- 1. Death-Birth -- 2. Death of Gods -- 3. Death and Time -- 4. Holy and Profane Things -- 5. Death and Language -- VII. Reincarnation -- 1. The Dioscuri Brothers -- 2. Karmic Guilt -- 3. The Accomplishment of Man’s Mission -- 4. Man’s Fidelity to Himself -- 5. Man’s Life — Participation in Nature’s Life -- 6. Animism -- 7. The Dream -- 8. Inner Life -- 9. Freedom to Guilt -- Conclusive Note.
    Abstract: In the unequaled and majestic contemporary technological phase of our cultural development, where democratic liberties and the means of well­ being are accessible to everyone; man is unsatisfied, insecure, rebellious, confused and lost. More than ever before he seems to lack the sureness of his way in life. The abundance of theories, doctrines and various philosophical, social or religious systems and moral teachings fails to provide the individual today with any clarity whatsoever. Lacking this, he turns to peripheral events, to sensational occurrences; he turns his attention to more and to glaring new models of technological products. more new things, mostly Acquiring a great multitude of these and various other things, he seems to stress his own importance, thus making an inquiry in its fundamental validity superfluous. In this way he escapes the search of his very own mission; he betrays the superior powers which demand from him his existential contribution in finding his ideals and outlining the way of his life.
    Description / Table of Contents: Confusion and Search for Gods1. Obscurities in Man’s World -- 2. Cabin on the Nechako -- 3. The General Method of the Present Book -- I. Early Man’s World -- 1. Modern Specialization and Mythical Wholeness -- 2. The Theocentric or Enthusiastic World -- 3. Enthusiasm in the Mythical World -- 4. Man’s Mortality -- II. Gods -- 1. Gods and the Ancient Way of Life -- 2. Nature and Gods -- 3. Gods and the Human World -- 4. Nature and Concealment -- 5. The Play of Gods -- III. Nature and Man -- 1. The Solidity of the Ancient World -- 2. Western Philosophy -- 3. Things and Gods -- 4. Godlessness -- 5. Freedom -- 6. Christianity -- IV. Man and Animals -- 1. Nature, the Ever-Hidden -- 2. Technology and Nature -- 3. Some Traits of Animal Life -- 4. Culture and Nature’s Play -- 5. Animal and Human Societies -- 6. Wisdom -- 7. Wisdom and Gods -- 8. The Godliness of Things and Animals -- V. Culture -- 1. Cult - Co-play with Gods -- 2. Man’s Responsive Attitude in Cults -- 3. Man’s Erring -- 4. Man in Nature’s Play -- 5. Contemporary and Mythical Man -- 6. Language -- 7. Man’s Guilt -- 8. Spatio-Temporal Play -- 9. The Relativity of Culture -- VI. The Greatness of Man -- 1. The Wail of a Dead Tree -- 2. The Event of Philosophy -- 3. Rational and Transcendental Ethics -- 4. Great Men -- 5. Opinions -- 6. Freedom -- 7. Mediation between Gods and Men -- 8. The Encumbrance of Lordly Dwelling in Contemporary Times -- VII. Death -- 1. Death-Birth -- 2. Death of Gods -- 3. Death and Time -- 4. Holy and Profane Things -- 5. Death and Language -- VII. Reincarnation -- 1. The Dioscuri Brothers -- 2. Karmic Guilt -- 3. The Accomplishment of Man’s Mission -- 4. Man’s Fidelity to Himself -- 5. Man’s Life - Participation in Nature’s Life -- 6. Animism -- 7. The Dream -- 8. Inner Life -- 9. Freedom to Guilt -- Conclusive Note.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028417
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: Introducation -- I — ‘Notions’ as the Counterpoise of ‘Ideas’ -- 1. Coherence and Commonsense -- 2. The Philosophical Commentaries -- II — Ideas -- The Manuscripts -- Idea of : (Moore and Russell) -- Defining Characteristics of Ideas -- Ideas and Things -- III — Minds -- Types of ‘Notions’ -- Published Notions -- The Self -- Other Finite Spirits: -- Infinite Spirit: -- IV — Some Consequences: -- IV — Relations -- The Rôle of Relations, or Concepts -- The Introduction to the Principles of Human Knowledge — First Draft -- Some Variations: The Chapman MS -- Letters to Samuel Johnson -- Some Consequences -- V — Sensation and Space -- Kinds of Spaces -- Perceived Spaces and Concepts -- Extension and Divisibility -- VI — Other Berkeleyan Concepts -- Section I — Object and Likeness -- Section II — Identity and Time -- Section III — Numbering and Naming -- Appendix I — The history of the word ‘notion’ in Berkeley’s writings -- Appendix II — Structure of the Philosophical Commentaries -- Appendix III — Note on the marginal signs in the MS notebooks.
    Abstract: This volume grew out of work on Berkeley which was presented in a dissertation several years ago. Though now much revised and greatly expanded. particularly in respect of the theory of concepts, a good part of the present text rests on this earlier foundation. I therefore gladly take this opportunity to express my appreciation to my teachers both at Indiana University and at McGill, and especially to Professor Newton Stallknecht who directed my dissertation. For permission to quote from the Berkeley manuscripts in their keeping, I have first to thank the Trustees of the British Museum, and the Board of Trinity College Dublin. I wish further to thank the Bodleian Library, Oxford for allowing me to quote from their collection of Locke manu­ scripts. Also I am grateful to the Editor of Filoso/ia for letting me use excerpts from an article that first appeared in the Stu'di Internazionali di Filoso/ia, and to George Allen and Unwin. Publishers, for permission to quote a long passage from Bertrand Russell's Analysis 0/ Mind. From thesis project to published book, my research on the Berkeley manuscripts has been made possible by the generous and timely support of the Canada Council. Finally. I wish to thank Mrs. Anne Hillier for preparing the manuscript with great patience and skill.
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroducationI - ‘Notions’ as the Counterpoise of ‘Ideas’ -- 1. Coherence and Commonsense -- 2. The Philosophical Commentaries -- II - Ideas -- The Manuscripts -- Idea of : (Moore and Russell) -- Defining Characteristics of Ideas -- Ideas and Things -- III - Minds -- Types of ‘Notions’ -- Published Notions -- The Self -- Other Finite Spirits: -- Infinite Spirit: -- IV - Some Consequences: -- IV - Relations -- The Rôle of Relations, or Concepts -- The Introduction to the Principles of Human Knowledge - First Draft -- Some Variations: The Chapman MS -- Letters to Samuel Johnson -- Some Consequences -- V - Sensation and Space -- Kinds of Spaces -- Perceived Spaces and Concepts -- Extension and Divisibility -- VI - Other Berkeleyan Concepts -- Section I - Object and Likeness -- Section II - Identity and Time -- Section III - Numbering and Naming -- Appendix I - The history of the word ‘notion’ in Berkeley’s writings -- Appendix II - Structure of the Philosophical Commentaries -- Appendix III - Note on the marginal signs in the MS notebooks.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401023870
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (177p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: 1. “A Phenomenology of Eros” -- 2. “The Cognitive Aspects of Love” -- 3. “The ‘Ordo Amoris’ in Max Scheler” -- 4. “Sense and Sensuality” -- 5. “Psyche in Longing, Mourning, and Anger” -- 6. “Signs and Symbol in the Sexual Act” -- 7. “The Nude as Symbol” -- 8. “Don Juan: Idealist and Sensualist”.
    Abstract: In an age which is supposedly experiencing a sexual revolution, a volume of thoughtful essays on eros is not only not out of place but perhaps is a positive contribution to the understanding of contempor­ ary man. It was the conviction of the editors that the scientific view of sexuality, as promoted in such valuable studies as those conducted by Masters and Johnson, needed considerable supplement and per­ spective. The perspective is here furnished by writers from both Europe and America, authors from various fields, such as philosophy, psychology, and even musicology, all of whom are united, in that their approach to the problem of eros is phenomenologically oriented. At first it might well seem strange that musicology would have much to say about eros. It is true, musicology has been the "science" of music, at least in intent. Yet in a larger view of the discipline, philo­ sophical and aesthetic problems are also important to it, and this particularly if we agree with Enzo Paci, that our very culture depends on eros. Surely musical culture, as pointed out by Kierkegaard, is the embodiment of what western civilization has known as sensuality; and Mozart's Don Giovanni is its incarnation. On the surface it is easier for us to grasp the work of the philosopher in this area; and, of course, one expects the psychologist to deal with sexuality more explicitly than anyone else.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. “A Phenomenology of Eros”2. “The Cognitive Aspects of Love” -- 3. “The ‘Ordo Amoris’ in Max Scheler” -- 4. “Sense and Sensuality” -- 5. “Psyche in Longing, Mourning, and Anger” -- 6. “Signs and Symbol in the Sexual Act” -- 7. “The Nude as Symbol” -- 8. “Don Juan: Idealist and Sensualist”.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401176446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Science as a Cultural Factor (1948) -- II. Natural Science, Philosophy, and Persuasion (1956) -- III. Metaphysics and Science (1946) -- IV. Scientific Philosophy: Its Aims and Means (1948) -- V. Nieuwentyt’s Significance for the Philosophy of Science (1954) -- VI. Symbolic Logic as a Continuation of Traditional Formal Logic (1939) -- VII. Some Reflections on Causality (1955) -- VIII. Science a Road to Wisdom (1955) -- IX. Modernism in Science (1961) -- X. Mathematics and Modern Art (1962) -- XI. In Retrospect (1960) -- XII. Freedom of Opinion (1964) -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: A few days before his death my husband requested me to write a few words of thanks on the publication of this collection of articles. He had already prepared the greater part of the volume for the press and had also decided on the title Science a Road to Wisdom. His original selection was somewhat more comprehensive, which is still partly reflected in the Preface. Knowing how much he wished to see this collection published, I respectfully and lovingly fulfil his request, thanking Else M. Barth and J. J. A. Mooij for their extensive and expert care in putting the final touches to the volume. ADDITION TO THE TRANSLATION Finally, I wish to thank Peter G. E. Wesly for his willingness to undertake the translation of the book into English. c. P. C. BETH-PASTOOR IX PREFACE In this republication of a number of philosophical studies I have refrained from including articles of a specialized nature on symbolic logic and the methodology of the exact sciences. There was no cause to include my contributions towards the didactics of mathematics and physics, nor did I consider it appropriate to reprint pieces of a predominantly polemical nature. I decided, however, that a very modest selection from my purely historical work would not be out of place.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Science as a Cultural Factor (1948)II. Natural Science, Philosophy, and Persuasion (1956) -- III. Metaphysics and Science (1946) -- IV. Scientific Philosophy: Its Aims and Means (1948) -- V. Nieuwentyt’s Significance for the Philosophy of Science (1954) -- VI. Symbolic Logic as a Continuation of Traditional Formal Logic (1939) -- VII. Some Reflections on Causality (1955) -- VIII. Science a Road to Wisdom (1955) -- IX. Modernism in Science (1961) -- X. Mathematics and Modern Art (1962) -- XI. In Retrospect (1960) -- XII. Freedom of Opinion (1964) -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401188005
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Civil law.
    Abstract: 1 International Human Rights Activity -- A. Prior to the United Nations -- B. The United Nations and Human Rights -- C. Achievements of the United Nations -- D. NGOS and Human Rights at the United Nations -- E. The Nature of the Problem -- 2 The Development of the High Commissioner Proposal -- The Cassin proposals -- The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees -- The proposals of the Consultative Council of Jewish Organizations and of Uruguay -- Revival -- The Costa Rica draft in the works -- The Working Group’s draft -- The Commission on Human Rights approves -- ECOSOC approves -- In the Assembly -- 3 The Functions of the High Commissioner -- Subject matter -- Analogy with an Ombudsman -- General duty to assist in promoting and encouraging -- Subparagraph (a): advice and assistance to UN organs -- Subparagraph (b): assistance and services to states -- Subparagraph (c): communications -- Subparagraph (d): reporting -- A wider view of subparagraph (d): a “good offices” function -- Some general considerations -- The exhaustion of domestic remedies -- Discretion versus publicity in the High Commissioner’s operations -- The prospects for evolution -- 4 Some Administrative Matters and the Issue of Collegiality -- Appointment and financing -- Relations with the Secretary-General -- Relationship with implementation organs -- The panel of expert consultants -- 5 The Constitutionality of the Office, Particularly in the Light of Article 2, Paragraph 7 of the Charter -- A. Article 2, Paragraph 7 of the Charter -- B. The Argument that the Charter Requires a Collegiate Body and not an Individual -- C. The Argument that Individuals can not be Subjects of International Law -- 6 The High Commissioner as a Law Promotor Rather Than a Law Enforcer -- The High Commissioner as part of a political process -- The High Commissioner as a catalyst for the creation of international customary law -- A promotor, not an enforcer or protector -- 7 Conclusions -- The High Commissioner would not be a mere stop-gap -- An unwelcome proliferation? -- Why not leave the job to the Secretary-General? -- The implications of the proposal for international organization -- The advantages -- What the future holds -- Appendix I Resolution Adopted by the Economic and Social Council at Its 1479th Plenary Meeting on 6 June 1967 (Question concerning the implementation of human rights through a United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights or some other appropriate international machinery) -- Appendix II United Republic of Tanzania: Amendments to Draft Resolution IV Approved by the Commission on Human Rights at Its Twenty-Third Session on the Question Concerning the Implementation of Human Rights through a United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights or Some Other Appropriate International Machinery -- Appendix III Outline of Headings Sent to States by the Secretary-General When Inviting Reports on Civil and Political Rights for the Period 1 July 1965 to 30 June 1968.
    Abstract: prospects of the High Commissioner proposal with careful scholarship and shrewd judgment. Mr. Clark wrote the first draft of this book under my supervision for the degree of Doctor of the Science of Law at Columbia Law School before returning to take up his career as a law teacher in his native New Zealand. I am delighted that his work, in this improved and updated version, is now being published. It fills a real need, since it is the first book on this important subject. On this occasion it might be appropriate to add a few comments on the history of the High Commissioner proposal. As Mr. Clark indicates, I had something to do with its "revival" in the United States Government during the closing months of the Kennedy Administration. A few details as to how this "revival" took place may perhaps be useful to students of international relations and international organization.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401505055
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Political science. ; Economic policy.
    Abstract: I. An Overview of the Problem -- II. Obligation of Compliance for Member and Nonmember States under the United Nations Charter -- III. Validity of the General Assembly Resolutions; an Inquiry -- IV. Reservations as Devices for Avoiding International Obligations -- V. Illustrations of Failure of Domestic Jurisdiction to Prevent an Increase in Obligations -- VI. Direct Intervention in Domestic Affairs by the United Nations -- VII. State Actions when Reliance on Reservations Fails -- VIII. The Middle East Case -- IX. The Cases of Indonesia, France and Cuba -- X. The Case of the People’s Republic of China -- XI. Appraisal.
    Abstract: This monograph is primarily addressed to the problem of avoidance, noncompliance or defiance of obligations related to international organiza­ tions by members and nonmembers. Structurally, it is a survey of the practices of uncooperative members and nonmembers set against a general statement of the norms of international organizations. Minor disruptions in international affairs evoke conflicts of inter­ national obligations and state interests. Today, when the problems are grave and the prospects for peace are gloomy, there is an urgent need for scholars and practitioners of international relations to study and reflect upon the implications of prolonged disregard of international obligations during a time in which international organizations are increas­ ing in numbers and in functions. To provide a systematic framework for this effort is a main purpose of this work. Although the whole range of international organizations provide illus­ trations of these conflicts, practices within the United Nations system have been the focus of the study. There is no pretense of having made a comprehensive study of every international organization nor is there any claim that the coverage of cases having pertinence to the subject matter goes beyond the minimum required to illustrate these problems. From the many cases available, only those which promised to have most relevance or to provide the best understanding of the conflicts of inter­ national obligations and state interests were included.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. An Overview of the ProblemII. Obligation of Compliance for Member and Nonmember States under the United Nations Charter -- III. Validity of the General Assembly Resolutions; an Inquiry -- IV. Reservations as Devices for Avoiding International Obligations -- V. Illustrations of Failure of Domestic Jurisdiction to Prevent an Increase in Obligations -- VI. Direct Intervention in Domestic Affairs by the United Nations -- VII. State Actions when Reliance on Reservations Fails -- VIII. The Middle East Case -- IX. The Cases of Indonesia, France and Cuba -- X. The Case of the People’s Republic of China -- XI. Appraisal.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789401507424
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 328 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: I. The Setting -- a. Geographical and historical background -- b. Plans of houses and villages -- c. Social organization -- d. Religion -- II. The Myth of Manarmakeri -- Names -- Prehistory -- Genealogy of Manarmakeri -- On the heights of Yamnaibori -- Prologue -- The Myth -- a. Introduction -- b. The story -- III. The Return of Manseren Manggundi and the Conclusion of the Myth -- a. The return -- b. The conclusion of the myth -- IV. The Meaning of the Differences in the Variants of the Myth -- The poetical text of the myth -- The Song (Beyuser) of Manarmakdi -- (a. Introduction) -- (b. The song (monologue of the Old Man)) -- (c. Intermezzo) -- (d. Continuing the narrative) -- V. The Connection with Biak Mythology -- 1. The disguised figures, rejected or accepted -- 2. The contact with the ancestors and the land of souls -- 3. The meaning of the coconut palm -- 4. The voyage from west to east, and the role of the generation groups -- 5. The moon, the sun, and the Morning Star -- 6. The animals in the myths -- 7. Acts of creation by the principal personages in the myths -- 8. The function of the clan sanctuary as the center of mythical power and the moveability of this center -- VI. The Advent Nights -- VII. History of the Movements 1855–1967 -- The Movements -- Japen and Kurudu -- The Radja Ampat area -- Koreri movements after World War II -- VIII. The Movements of 1938–1943 in Biak, Numfor and Japen -- 1. The beginning of the Movement in Supiori -- 2. 1942, the New Leader, Stephanus Simopyaref -- 3. Considerations -- 4. Further Developments -- 5. The Development in Numfor -- 6. Different Trends within — and in connection with — the Movement -- 7. Reorganization after the Imprisonment of Stephanus Ronsumbre -- 8. Stephen Wanda in Numfor -- 9. Birmori (Korinus) Sasiaber or Bosren -- 10. Chronological Outline of the Events after November 1942 -- 11. Koreri Symbolism in Numfor (c. 1943–44) -- 12. The Great Movement in Japen -- 13. The Final Phase of the Great Movement -- IX. The Historical Factors and the Influence of the Contact-Situations on the Movements -- 1. Mutual rivalry -- 2. The raids -- 3. The Subjection to Tidore -- 4. Contacts with Europeans -- 5. The Mission -- 6. The Government -- 7. Attitude towards strangers -- 8. The Problem of Acculturation in the Geelvink Bay -- X. Closing Remarks on the Movements as a Problem -- 1. The Position of the Problem (in general) -- 2. Supplement -- 3. Missionary views of the Movements -- 4. The Manseren Movements of Biak -- XI. Summary and Conclusion -- Summary -- Conclusion -- Appendix: Similar Movements in other parts of West New Guinea (West Irian) -- List of Abbreviations -- General Index -- Photographs Frontispiece -- 1. Rodjau Obinaru with shield -- 2. Konoor Warbesren Rumbewas -- 3. Pamai Jacadewa -- Maps At the back of the book -- I. Indicating Koreri Movements -- II. Indicating Similar Movements.
    Abstract: This study developed out of the personal experience of daily life that I and my family had in the years 1932-1942 among the Biak­ speaking people of the Radja Ampat area (Sorong), West New Guinea. Our family had become integrated into the community as far as possible, and we used the Biak language every day. Three of the movements described in this book took place in that area, so that I was able to study them under the favorable conditions of direct participation and observation. The first edition of the book in 1954 (in Dutch) was the writer's doctoral thesis (Ph. D.), written under the guidance of the late Professor J. P. B. de Josselin de Jong. I am very grateful to the Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthro­ pology, Leiden, for publishing the revised English edition in its Translation Series. The Biak material deserves more readers than the Dutch edition was able to reach.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401192712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (74p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Philosophy. ; Constitutional law.
    Abstract: I. Introduction: The Subject of Legal Validity -- 1. Legal validity as a topic in analytical jurisprudence -- 2. Program for this study -- II. Validity, Efficacy, and Existence -- 1. Statement of the problem -- 2. Ross on validity and existence -- 3. Kelsen’s account of validity -- 4. Hart’s treatment of validity -- 5. Validity, efficacy, and existence -- III. The Identification of Valid Law -- 1. Statement of the problem -- 2. Kelsen and the basic norm -- 3. Hart and the rule of recognition -- 4. The concept of a rule of identification -- 5. The dispensability of rules of identification; “rules of smaller scope” -- 6. Conclusions -- 7. Some objections -- Table of Cases.
    Abstract: This study of legal validity is an expanded and thoroughly revised version of my B.Phil. thesis in philosophy at Oxford University in 1969. I am grateful to Professor R. M. Hare, Dr. P. M. Hacker, and Mr. L. J. Cohen for their patient criticism of earlier drafts, and to Professor Donald H. Regan for several suggestions at a later stage. I owe a much larger debt to Professor H. L. A. Hart for his detailed comments on the completed thesis. His help has been especially gener­ ous in light of the fact that I have so often disagreed with him. It should not be assumed that those from whose advice I have benefited share the views expressed in this essay. I am responsible for any mistakes it may contain. In the footnotes I have used the following abbreviations: CL - Hart, The Concept of Law (1961) GT - Kelsen, General Theory of Law and State (1945) PT - Kelsen, Pure Theory of Law (1967) LJ - Ross, On Law and Justice (1958).
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction: The Subject of Legal Validity1. Legal validity as a topic in analytical jurisprudence -- 2. Program for this study -- II. Validity, Efficacy, and Existence -- 1. Statement of the problem -- 2. Ross on validity and existence -- 3. Kelsen’s account of validity -- 4. Hart’s treatment of validity -- 5. Validity, efficacy, and existence -- III. The Identification of Valid Law -- 1. Statement of the problem -- 2. Kelsen and the basic norm -- 3. Hart and the rule of recognition -- 4. The concept of a rule of identification -- 5. The dispensability of rules of identification; “rules of smaller scope” -- 6. Conclusions -- 7. Some objections -- Table of Cases.
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  • 49
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401195409
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (101p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Anthropology.
    Abstract: One Introduction -- Two Polar Sovereignty Through the Cases -- Three Polar Sovereignty in State Practive -- Four The Sector Theory and Polar Sovereignty -- Five Analogies -- Six The Antarctic Treaty -- Seven New Zealand’s Claim to the Ross Ice Shelf -- Eight New Zealand’s Claim to the Ross Dependency -- Nine Conclusion.
    Abstract: In the year 1867 the United States purchased Alaska from Russia for the sum of 7,200,000 dollars. At the time the Americans did not under­ stand why money was being spent on buying a desert. A hundred years later one of the largest oilfields in the world was discovered there at Prudhoe Bay. There seems little doubt that large mineral resources will be found and exploited in the Canadian Arctic. In Greenland min­ ing is now being planned on a large scale, under conditions comparable to those of the Antarctic. No economically exploitable deposits of minerals have been found in Antarctica, but there is no doubt that large deposits exist. Whether the progress of technology will enable such deposits to be located and economically mined is not clear. Experts confidently state that at present this is not feasible. Forty years ago an expert asserted that during our geological period there would be no transit of the Northwest Passage by ship. The voyage was accomplished in 1969 by a large commercial tanker. Economic resources, and nothing else should be the reason for New Zealand activities in the Ross Dependency. Other reasons have been advanced. One is scientific research. Yet this could be done far more cheaply by supplying funds to existing research projects in New Antarctic budget is spent on logistics and Zealand for much of our support rather than research itself. Just keeping alive in Antarctica is an expensive business.
    Description / Table of Contents: One IntroductionTwo Polar Sovereignty Through the Cases -- Three Polar Sovereignty in State Practive -- Four The Sector Theory and Polar Sovereignty -- Five Analogies -- Six The Antarctic Treaty -- Seven New Zealand’s Claim to the Ross Ice Shelf -- Eight New Zealand’s Claim to the Ross Dependency -- Nine Conclusion.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401504669
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economic policy. ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. The Idea for the Office -- Presidental Personal Emissary -- Definition -- Presidential Appointment of Special Emissaries -- Functions -- Department of State Reorganization -- Synthesis — Norman H. Davis -- II. The Office Established — Philip C. Jessup: Secretary of State Deputy -- Appointment -- Functions -- United Nations -- Foreign Ministers’ Meetings -- Department of State Duties -- Resignation -- III. The Office Expanded — W. Averell Harriman: High-Level Roving Ambassador -- First Appointment as Ambassador at Large — 1961 -- Second Appointment as Ambassador at Large — 1965 -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Department of State Duties -- Conclusion -- IV. The Office as Expedient — Chester Bowles and David M. Kennedy: Presidential Advisers -- Chester Bowles -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- David M. Kennedy -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- V. The Office as an Interim Post — Llewellyn E. Thompson, Ellsworth Bunker, Henry Cabot Lodge, George C. McGhee: Area Specialists -- Llewellyn E. Thompson -- Functions -- Ellsworth Bunker -- Functions -- Henry Cabot Lodge -- Functions -- George C. McGhee -- Functions -- Conclusion -- VI. The Ambassador at Large — Past and Future -- Background -- Concepts of the Office -- Appointment Process -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Presidential Adviser -- Secretary of State Deputy -- Department of State Duties -- Summary -- Level of Operation -- Conclusion -- Appendix A. Background Sketch of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix B. Principal Publications of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix C. Summary of Activities of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix D. Foreign Travel by Secretary of State Dean Rusk -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: A mbassador at Large: Diplomat Extraordinary is a welcome contri­ bution to the literature on contemporary diplomacy, and is especially relevant to the conduct of United States foreign relations. Concomitant with pressures to escalate the level of diplomatic representation and negotiation, the Ambassador at Large, a recent innovation in the American diplomatic hierarchy, may play an increasingly important role. Should other governments follow the American lead by creating similar offices, a new, flexible layer of diplomatic relations may be added to the four which currently are most widely used, namely, the summit, the ministerial, the traditional professional, and the technical strata. Diplomacy may be defined as the international political process whereby political entities - mostly the recognized members of the fami­ ly of nations, but also emergent states, international and supranational organizations, and a few special entities like the Vatican - conduct their official relations with one another in the international environ­ ment. Like other human and societal processes, it is astatic and in the course of time experiences significant changes. It has expanded to meet the needs of a rapidly proliferating community of nations and it has been adapted to the growing complex of international concerns and interactions. Scientific and technological changes have created new problems and revolutionized methods of diplomatic communication and transportation. These developments have both intensified the needs and enriched the potentialities of the diplomatic process. Throughout history doubtless each major, permeative modification in diplomatic practice has produced a so-called "new diplomacy.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Idea for the OfficePresidental Personal Emissary -- Definition -- Presidential Appointment of Special Emissaries -- Functions -- Department of State Reorganization -- Synthesis - Norman H. Davis -- II. The Office Established - Philip C. Jessup: Secretary of State Deputy -- Appointment -- Functions -- United Nations -- Foreign Ministers’ Meetings -- Department of State Duties -- Resignation -- III. The Office Expanded - W. Averell Harriman: High-Level Roving Ambassador -- First Appointment as Ambassador at Large - 1961 -- Second Appointment as Ambassador at Large - 1965 -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Department of State Duties -- Conclusion -- IV. The Office as Expedient - Chester Bowles and David M. Kennedy: Presidential Advisers -- Chester Bowles -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- David M. Kennedy -- Appointment -- Functions -- Conclusion -- V. The Office as an Interim Post - Llewellyn E. Thompson, Ellsworth Bunker, Henry Cabot Lodge, George C. McGhee: Area Specialists -- Llewellyn E. Thompson -- Functions -- Ellsworth Bunker -- Functions -- Henry Cabot Lodge -- Functions -- George C. McGhee -- Functions -- Conclusion -- VI. The Ambassador at Large - Past and Future -- Background -- Concepts of the Office -- Appointment Process -- Functions -- Roving Emissary -- Ad Hoc Missions -- Conference Delegate -- Presidential Adviser -- Secretary of State Deputy -- Department of State Duties -- Summary -- Level of Operation -- Conclusion -- Appendix A. Background Sketch of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix B. Principal Publications of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix C. Summary of Activities of Ambassadors at Large -- Appendix D. Foreign Travel by Secretary of State Dean Rusk -- Selected Bibliography.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 163 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: I. Inference: The Essence of All Thought -- A. There would be no telling of an intuition if we had one -- B. As a matter of fact the mind works inferentially -- C. Knowing is a process in time -- D. There is no intuitive self-consciousness -- E. Peirce’s divergence from Kant -- F. Thought is sign activity -- II. Hypothesis or Abduction: The Originative Phase of Reasoning -- A. Deduction, Induction, and Abduction -- B. A suggested solution to the problem of induction -- C. Abduction and explanation -- D. What kind of abductions are meaningful, significant, admissible? -- E. The hypothesis of God: a test case -- F. Peirce and James -- G. Peirce and Kant -- H. Peirce and John Wisdom -- III. Fallibilism: The Self-Corrective Feature of Thought -- A. The notion of “meaning” examined on Peircean principles -- B. Organism and Interdependence in knowledge -- IV. Concrete Reasonableness: Cooperation Between Reason and Instinct -- A. Abduction is inference guided by nature’s hand -- B. Evolution and Critical-commonsensism -- C. Theory and Practice -- V. The Cartesian Circle: A Final Look at Scepticism -- A. The theory of types as applied to ordinary language -- B. Believing is seeing -- C. Conclusions -- Indez.
    Abstract: This work is an essay in Peirce's epistemology, with about an equal emphasis on the "epistemology" as on the "Peirce's." In other words our intention has not been to write exclusively a piece of Peirce scholarshiJ〉­ hence, the reader will find no elaborate tying in of Peirce's epistemology to other portions of his thought, no great emphasis on the chronology of his thought, etc. Peirce scholarship is a painstaking business. His mind was Labyrinthine, his terminology intricate, and his writings are, as he himself confessed, "a snarl of twine." This book rather is intended perhaps even primarily as an essay in epistemology, taking Peirce's as the focal point. The book thus addresses a general philosophical audience and bears as much on the wider issue as on the man. I hope therefore that readers will give their critical attention to the problem of knowledge and the sugges­ tions we have developed around that problem and will not look here in the hope of finding an exhaustive piece of Peirce scholarship.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Inference: The Essence of All ThoughtA. There would be no telling of an intuition if we had one -- B. As a matter of fact the mind works inferentially -- C. Knowing is a process in time -- D. There is no intuitive self-consciousness -- E. Peirce’s divergence from Kant -- F. Thought is sign activity -- II. Hypothesis or Abduction: The Originative Phase of Reasoning -- A. Deduction, Induction, and Abduction -- B. A suggested solution to the problem of induction -- C. Abduction and explanation -- D. What kind of abductions are meaningful, significant, admissible? -- E. The hypothesis of God: a test case -- F. Peirce and James -- G. Peirce and Kant -- H. Peirce and John Wisdom -- III. Fallibilism: The Self-Corrective Feature of Thought -- A. The notion of “meaning” examined on Peircean principles -- B. Organism and Interdependence in knowledge -- IV. Concrete Reasonableness: Cooperation Between Reason and Instinct -- A. Abduction is inference guided by nature’s hand -- B. Evolution and Critical-commonsensism -- C. Theory and Practice -- V. The Cartesian Circle: A Final Look at Scepticism -- A. The theory of types as applied to ordinary language -- B. Believing is seeing -- C. Conclusions -- Indez.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789401512244
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 697 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
    Abstract: A History of Proceedings and Points at Issue -- I — History of Proceedings -- II — Points at Issue -- ? Establishment of the Facts and Opinion of the Commission -- I — Article 15 of the Convention -- II — Articles 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 of the Convention and Article 3 of the First Protocol -- III — Article 7 of the Convention and Article 1 of the First Protocol -- IV — Article 3 Of The Convention -- Appendices to the Report -- Complete List of Titles to the Appendices for Reasons of Space Only Appendices IV, VIII and XVIII are Reproduced in this Publication -- Appendix I Decision of the Commission as to the Admissibility of the Applications (24th January, 1968) (cf. Yearbook, XI, pp. 690 ff.) -- Appendix II Decision of the Commission as to the Admissibility of the New Allegations Made by the First Three Applicant Governments (31st May, 1968) (cf. Yearbook, XI, pp. 730 ff.) -- Appendix III Schedule of Proceedings Not Reproduced -- Appendix IV Communications Addressed by the Government of Greece to the Secretary General under Article 15 -- Appendix V Witnesses Summoned in Connection with Article 15 of the Convention Who Failed to Appear before the Sub-Commission Not Reproduced -- Appendix VI Witnesses Proposed by the Parties but not Summoned by the Sub-Commission -- in Connection with Article 15 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix VII Documents Considered by the Commission in Connection with the Respondent Government’s Assertion about Communist Activities on and before 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix VIII General Plan of Action -- Appendix IX Documents Considered by the Commission in Connection with the Respondent Government’s Assertion about the Crisis of Constitutional Government on and before 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix X Documents Considered by the Commission in Connection with the Respondent Government’s Assertion about the Crisis of Public Order on and before 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix XI Documents Submitted on the Period after 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix XII Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Article 5 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XIII Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Articles 6 and 13 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XIV Documents considered by the Commission in relation to Article 8 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XV Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Articles 9, 10 and 14 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XVI Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Article 11 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XVII Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Article 3 of the First Protocol Not Reproduced -- Appendix XVIII Constitutional Acts Enacted since 21st April, 1967.
    Abstract: This Volume contains the Report of the European Commission of Human Rights on the "Greek Case" (Applications No. 3321/67, Den­ mark v. Greece; No. 3322/67, Norway v. Greece; No. 3323/67, Sweden v. Greece; No. 3344/67, Netherlands v. Greece) and the Resolution DH (70) 1 adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 15 April 1970 relating to this case. These four applications, which were filed with the Commission of Human Rights in September 1967, alleged that the Greek Government which had come into power in April of that year had violated its obliga­ tions under the European Convention on Human Rights. They referred to the suspension of certain articles of the Greek Constitution and other legislative measures and administrative practices; they alleged that, re­ gardless of any individual or specific injury, these acts affected the cor­ responding Articles of the Convention on Human Rights. The Applicant Governments also submitted that the derogation made by the Greek Government under Article 15 of the Convention (which permits a government to take measures derogating from its obligations under the Convention in time of war or public emergency) was not justified. The Commission on 2 October 1967, decided to give priority to these cases and, after hearing the submissions of the parties on 23 and 24 January 1968, it declared the applications admissible on 24 January 1968. The decision on admissibility was published in this Yearbook Vol. 11, pages 690 to 728.
    Description / Table of Contents: A History of Proceedings and Points at IssueI - History of Proceedings -- II - Points at Issue -- ? Establishment of the Facts and Opinion of the Commission -- I - Article 15 of the Convention -- II - Articles 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 of the Convention and Article 3 of the First Protocol -- III - Article 7 of the Convention and Article 1 of the First Protocol -- IV - Article 3 Of The Convention -- Appendices to the Report -- Complete List of Titles to the Appendices for Reasons of Space Only Appendices IV, VIII and XVIII are Reproduced in this Publication -- Appendix I Decision of the Commission as to the Admissibility of the Applications (24th January, 1968) (cf. Yearbook, XI, pp. 690 ff.) -- Appendix II Decision of the Commission as to the Admissibility of the New Allegations Made by the First Three Applicant Governments (31st May, 1968) (cf. Yearbook, XI, pp. 730 ff.) -- Appendix III Schedule of Proceedings Not Reproduced -- Appendix IV Communications Addressed by the Government of Greece to the Secretary General under Article 15 -- Appendix V Witnesses Summoned in Connection with Article 15 of the Convention Who Failed to Appear before the Sub-Commission Not Reproduced -- Appendix VI Witnesses Proposed by the Parties but not Summoned by the Sub-Commission -- in Connection with Article 15 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix VII Documents Considered by the Commission in Connection with the Respondent Government’s Assertion about Communist Activities on and before 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix VIII General Plan of Action -- Appendix IX Documents Considered by the Commission in Connection with the Respondent Government’s Assertion about the Crisis of Constitutional Government on and before 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix X Documents Considered by the Commission in Connection with the Respondent Government’s Assertion about the Crisis of Public Order on and before 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix XI Documents Submitted on the Period after 21st April, 1967 Not Reproduced -- Appendix XII Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Article 5 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XIII Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Articles 6 and 13 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XIV Documents considered by the Commission in relation to Article 8 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XV Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Articles 9, 10 and 14 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XVI Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Article 11 of the Convention Not Reproduced -- Appendix XVII Documents Considered by the Commission in Relation to Article 3 of the First Protocol Not Reproduced -- Appendix XVIII Constitutional Acts Enacted since 21st April, 1967.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401571999
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (199 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History
    Abstract: I. Introduction. The General Background of the Groups Investigated -- 1. The period prior to the arrest -- 2. The period from the arrest to the delivery into the concentration camps -- 3. The time spent in the camps -- 4. The period after liberation -- II. Previous Investigations -- III. The Collection of the Material and Its Arrangement -- A. The Norwegian groups -- B. The Israeli groups -- IV. The Background of the Investigated Persons and Their Personality Before Arrest -- 1. Home and childhood -- 2. School education and age distribution -- 3. Civil status, occupation, ‘personality’ -- V. Conditions During Persecution and Captivity -- 1. Somatic aspects -- 2. Psychic aspects -- VI. Conditions After Release from Captivity -- A. The Israeli groups -- B. The Norwegian groups -- VII. The General Influence of the Stay in the Concentration Camps -- 1. Changes in personality -- 2. Why did they survive? -- 3. Feelings of guilt -- VIII. Present Conditions -- 1. Occupational status -- 2. Somatic and psychiatric symptoms -- 3. The concentration camp syndrome -- IX. The Psychiatric Picture of the Disorder -- A. The Norwegian groups -- B. The Israeli groups -- X. Summary and Conclusions -- References.
    Abstract: The general background of the groups investigated The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the severe psychic and physical stress situations to which human beings were exposed in the concentration camps of World \Var II have had lasting psychological results, to discover the nature of these conditions and the symptomatology they present, and finally to investigate which detailed factors of the above-mentioned stress situation can be con­ sidered decisive for the morbid conditions which were revealed. In order to elucidate these questions from different points of view, I have examined groups of former concentration camp inmates both in Norway and Israel. The Norwegians who were examined compose a fairly uniform group of men and women, born and bred in Norway, who after the War naturally returned to their native country. The Israeli groups which were examined were drawn from almost every country in Europe that had been under German occupation during World War II. They had all immigrated into Israel, mostly after 1948.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027274
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Studien zur Phänomenologischen Philosophie -- William James’ Begriff des „Stream of Thought“ Phänomenologisch Interpretiert -- Edmund Husserls „Ideen,“ Band II -- Phänomenologie und die Grundlegung der Sozialwissenschaften (Edmund Husserls Ideen III) -- Das Problem der Transzendentalen Intersubjektivität bei Husser -- Diskussionsbemerkung Eugen Finks und Beantwortung -- Typus und Eidos in Husserls Spätphilosophie -- Strukturen der Lebenswelt -- Max Schelers Philosophie -- Max Schelers Erkenntnistheorie und Ethik -- Anhang: Edmund Husserls „Cartesianische Meditationen“ -- Edmund Husserls „Meditations Cartesiennes“ -- Aller Drei Bände -- Index Zu Band III.
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  • 55
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401029056
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 258 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Logic. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I / Changing Concepts -- I. Deliberate Knowledge -- II. The Knowledge of the All -- III. Knowledge, Interpretation and Congruence -- IV. Knowledge as Method -- V. The Justification of Knowledge and the Knowledge of Ends -- VI. Continuations and Developments -- II / Background and Consequences -- VII. The Origins of Philosophy -- VIII. Philosophy and Life -- IX. Philosophy and Its History -- X. Science and Philosophy -- XI. Religion and Philosophy -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: The present book is concerned with the nature of philosophy and with the scope of philosophical interest. It combines an analysis of the major types of philosophical thinking as they emerged in the history of philosophical ideas with an attempt to examine problems which recurrent­ ly emerge in philosophical discourse. It is from this point of view that the historical and the systematic approaches are meant to be mutually reinforcing. I am grateful to my friends who helped me to formulate the line of thinking expressed in this book: Z. Bar-On, A. Margalit, E. I. I. Poznanski, Z. Werblovsky and E. Zemach. Some years ago when I visited the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions in Santa Barbara, Dr. Robert M. Hutchins encouraged me to write the present book. I am dedicating the book to him not only because of that encouragement but more importantly because as an educational thinker Dr. Hutchins represents the position which assigns to the great ideas of the past validity and value in the analysis of topical problems of the present.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789401027588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. Introduction: Method, Domain and Findings -- 1. The understanding of science -- 2. The definition of science -- 3. The principal divisions of science -- 4. The multi-stage process -- 5. Beyond the mesocosm -- 6. The interpretation of science -- 7. The theory of practice -- 8. From theory to practice -- 9. Technology -- 10. From practice to theory -- 11. Cross-field applications -- 12. The aims of this handbook -- II. The Search for Data: Observation -- 1. Simple observation -- 2. Controlled observation -- 3. Observed facts -- III. The Search for Hypotheses: Induction -- 1. The derivation of classes -- 2. The formulation of inductions -- IV. The Adoption of an Hypotheses -- 1. Definition and description -- 2. Character -- 3. Criteria -- 4. Kinds -- 5. Occasions -- 6. Discovery -- 7. Function -- 8. Indispensability -- 9. Adoption -- V. The Testing of Hypotheses: Experiment -- 1. The meaning of “experiment” -- 2. The design of experiments -- 3. The logic of experiments -- 4. Experimental criteria -- 5. The use of instruments -- 6. Measurement -- 7. The use of techniques -- 8. Experimenting -- 9. Types of experiments -- 10. Varieties of results -- 11. Interpretations of the data -- 12. Empirical probability -- VI. The Testing of Theories: Calculation -- 1. The stage of mathematical verification -- 2. The requirements of a good scientific theory -- 3. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of mathematics -- 4. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of empirical formulations -- 5. Advanced mathematical verification -- 6. Difficulties of final formulations -- 7. The aim of deductive structures -- 8. Mathematical probability and causal law -- VII. The Testing of Laws: Prediction and Control -- 1. Prediction -- 2. Control -- 3. The end of scientific investigation -- VIII. Types of Empirical Discoveries -- 1. Empirical systems -- 2. Empirical areas -- 3. Laws -- 4. Entities -- 5. Processes -- 6. Formulas and rules -- 7. Procedural principles -- 8. The limits of empirical discovery -- References.
    Abstract: There remains only the obligation to thank those who have helped me with specific suggestions and the editors who have kindly granted permission to reprint material which first appeared in the pages of their journals. To the former group belong Alan B. Brinkley and Max O. Hocutt Portion of chap­ ters I and VI were published in Philosophy of Science; of chapters IV and V in Perspectives in Biology and Medicine; of chapter VIII in Dialectica; of chapter IX in The British lournal for the Philosophy of Science; and of chapter XIII in Synthese. J.K.F. New Orleans, 1971 PREFACE In this book I have tried to describe the scientific method, understood as the hypothetico-experimental technique of investigation which has been prac­ ticed so successfully in the physical sciences. It is the first volume of a three-volume work on the philosophy of science, each of which, however, is complete and independent. A second volume will contain an account of the domain in which the method operates and a history of empiricism. A third volume will be devoted to the philosophy of science proper: the metaphysics and epistemology presupposed by the method, its logical structure, and the ethical implications of its results.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction: Method, Domain and Findings1. The understanding of science -- 2. The definition of science -- 3. The principal divisions of science -- 4. The multi-stage process -- 5. Beyond the mesocosm -- 6. The interpretation of science -- 7. The theory of practice -- 8. From theory to practice -- 9. Technology -- 10. From practice to theory -- 11. Cross-field applications -- 12. The aims of this handbook -- II. The Search for Data: Observation -- 1. Simple observation -- 2. Controlled observation -- 3. Observed facts -- III. The Search for Hypotheses: Induction -- 1. The derivation of classes -- 2. The formulation of inductions -- IV. The Adoption of an Hypotheses -- 1. Definition and description -- 2. Character -- 3. Criteria -- 4. Kinds -- 5. Occasions -- 6. Discovery -- 7. Function -- 8. Indispensability -- 9. Adoption -- V. The Testing of Hypotheses: Experiment -- 1. The meaning of “experiment” -- 2. The design of experiments -- 3. The logic of experiments -- 4. Experimental criteria -- 5. The use of instruments -- 6. Measurement -- 7. The use of techniques -- 8. Experimenting -- 9. Types of experiments -- 10. Varieties of results -- 11. Interpretations of the data -- 12. Empirical probability -- VI. The Testing of Theories: Calculation -- 1. The stage of mathematical verification -- 2. The requirements of a good scientific theory -- 3. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of mathematics -- 4. The application of mathematics from the standpoint of empirical formulations -- 5. Advanced mathematical verification -- 6. Difficulties of final formulations -- 7. The aim of deductive structures -- 8. Mathematical probability and causal law -- VII. The Testing of Laws: Prediction and Control -- 1. Prediction -- 2. Control -- 3. The end of scientific investigation -- VIII. Types of Empirical Discoveries -- 1. Empirical systems -- 2. Empirical areas -- 3. Laws -- 4. Entities -- 5. Processes -- 6. Formulas and rules -- 7. Procedural principles -- 8. The limits of empirical discovery -- References.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401027922
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (173p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The Psychological Model: The “Scientific” Revolution and Rear-Guard Philosophical Action -- Selected introductory readings -- Selected additional readings for Chapter I -- II. The Holistic Model: Coming Close to the Total Man -- Selected additional readings for Chapter II -- III. The Psychoanalytic Model: Prediction and Control Through the Training of the Id. -- Selected additional readings for Chapter III -- IV. The Sociological Model: From Doing Good to Being Done -- Selected additional readings for Chapter IV -- V. The Marxist Model: The Dream of the “New Man” and a Rude Awakening -- Selected additional readings for Chapter V -- VI. The Structuralist Model: Man the Source or Man the Product ? -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VI -- VII. The Present Status of Philosophical Anthropology: A Prolegomenon -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VII.
    Abstract: This essay is, first, a theoretical and historical study of some classical scientific ways of studying human being in the world. The more readily accessible and more commonly discussed "models" of being human were chosen for review here, but structuralism is included because I believe it will have ,the same impact in America as it has had in France, and I hope that American readers might be forewarned about what may be ideologically at stake before the technical, and fruitful, aspects of the movement become an academic fad in the United States. The subjects included are mainline experimental psychology from Wundt to Skinner, with its relatively shortlived functionalist and Watsonian-behaviorist formulations; holistic psychology from Brentano through Stumpf, Husserl, and Goldstein to Maslow, Rogers, and contemporary "third force" psychology; and the psychoanalytic model, for which the only paradigm is Freud himself. Preeminence is given to psychological paradigms, since their subject matter lies closest to the classical philosophical tradition from which "philosophical anthropology" emerged. (This book is, in the final analysis, a prolegomenon to an articulated philosophical anthropo­ logy. ) Sociological models are also considered: the "classical" tradition from Comte to the present, and Marxist anthropology from the manu­ scripts of 1844 to the present. The structuralist model, from Durkheim to Chomsky, is also considered, since it cuts across and gives new dimensions to all the foregoing models. The essay is, second, a phenomenological critique of these historico­ theoretical considerations.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Psychological Model: The “Scientific” Revolution and Rear-Guard Philosophical ActionSelected introductory readings -- Selected additional readings for Chapter I -- II. The Holistic Model: Coming Close to the Total Man -- Selected additional readings for Chapter II -- III. The Psychoanalytic Model: Prediction and Control Through the Training of the Id. -- Selected additional readings for Chapter III -- IV. The Sociological Model: From Doing Good to Being Done -- Selected additional readings for Chapter IV -- V. The Marxist Model: The Dream of the “New Man” and a Rude Awakening -- Selected additional readings for Chapter V -- VI. The Structuralist Model: Man the Source or Man the Product ? -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VI -- VII. The Present Status of Philosophical Anthropology: A Prolegomenon -- Selected additional readings for Chapter VII.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028288
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (185p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: I Introductory: Knowledge and Self-Knowledge -- One: Know Thyself as Spirit -- Two: The Speculative Method -- Three: The Notion of Subjective Spirit -- II Spirit as Soul: the Science of Anthropology -- Four: The Natural Soul -- Five: The Feeling Soul -- Six: The Actual Soul -- Appendix: The Notion of Consciousness -- Seven: Consciousness and its Science.
    Abstract: The present study seeks to treat in depth a relatively restricted portion of Hegel's thought but one that has not yet received intensive treatment by Hegel scholars in English. In the Hegelian system of philosophical sciences, the Anthropology directly follows the Philosophy of Nature and forms the first of the three sciences of Subjective Spirit: 1 Anthropo­ logy, Phenomenology, and Psychology. The section on Subjective Spirit is then followed by sections on Objective Spirit and Absolute Spirit. The three sections together comprise the Philosophy of Spirit (Philosophie des Geistes 2), which constitutes the third and concluding main division of Hegel's total system as presented in the Encyclopedia of Philosophic Sciences in Outline. a Hegel intended to write a separate full-scale work on the philosophy of Subjective Spirit as he had done on Objective Spirit (the Philosophy of Right), but died before he could do so. · Thus the focus of our study is quite concentrated. Its relatively narrow scope within the vast compass of the Hegelian system may be justified, 1 Iring Fetscher (HegeUt Lehre vom Menschen, Stuttgart, 1970, p. 11) notes the lack of a modem commentary to Hegel's Encyclopedia, and in particular to the section on Subjective Spirit. Brief accounts of this section in English may be found in: Hugh A. Reyburn, The Ethical Theory of Hegel (Oxford, 1921), Chapter V; and O. R. O. Mure, A Study of Hegers Logic (Oxford, 1950), pp. 2-22.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Introductory: Knowledge and Self-KnowledgeOne: Know Thyself as Spirit -- Two: The Speculative Method -- Three: The Notion of Subjective Spirit -- II Spirit as Soul: the Science of Anthropology -- Four: The Natural Soul -- Five: The Feeling Soul -- Six: The Actual Soul -- Appendix: The Notion of Consciousness -- Seven: Consciousness and its Science.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. Introduction: The New York Press in 1914 -- II. The First Hundred Days, June 1914–October 1914 -- III. The Press and the Perils of Neutrality, October 1914–January 1915 -- IV. Concerning the Submarine, I, February 1915–May 1915 -- V. At the Crossroads, May 1915–December 1915 -- VI. Concerning the Submarine, II, January 1916–May 1916 -- VII. The Press and the Politics of Neutrality, May 1916–November 1916 -- VIII. The Last Hundred Days, December 1916–April 1917 -- IX. Conclusion: The New York Press, 1914–1917.
    Abstract: This study is an attempt to chronicle and analyse the attitudes of the New York press in connection with the events of the period from 1914 to 1917 relating to American neutrality. It is based primarily on a day­ to-day study of sixteen daily newspapers in New York City for the period of American non-participation in the First World War. The research involved not only editorial opinion but also news items, feature articles, letters to the editor, book reviews and special commentary. The files of the major New York newspapers of the period naturally constituted the basic sources. In addition to this, use was made of the memoirs, diaries and private papers of editors, publishers and other public figures; the Congressional Record, 1914-1917; Congressional hearings and reports, 1915, 1919, 1936 and 1937; certain British and German materials; books, articles and other secondary sources. The author also drew upon the recollections of New Yorkers active in journalism during the period.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction: The New York Press in 1914II. The First Hundred Days, June 1914-October 1914 -- III. The Press and the Perils of Neutrality, October 1914-January 1915 -- IV. Concerning the Submarine, I, February 1915-May 1915 -- V. At the Crossroads, May 1915-December 1915 -- VI. Concerning the Submarine, II, January 1916-May 1916 -- VII. The Press and the Politics of Neutrality, May 1916-November 1916 -- VIII. The Last Hundred Days, December 1916-April 1917 -- IX. Conclusion: The New York Press, 1914-1917.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028493
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I Reine Theorie -- Die soziale Welt und die Theorie der sozialen Handlung -- Das Problem der Rationalität in der sozialen Welt -- II Angewandte Theorie -- Der Fremde -- Der Heimkehrer -- Der Gut Informierte Bürger -- Don Quixote und das Problem der Realität -- Gemeinsam Musizieren -- Mozart und die Philosophen -- Santayana über Gesellschaft und Regierung -- Die Gleichheit und die Sinnstruktur der sozialen Welt -- Einige ÄQuivokationen im Begriff der Verantwortlichkeit -- Tiresias oder unser Wissen von Zukünftigen Ereignissen -- Personenregister.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Reine TheorieDie soziale Welt und die Theorie der sozialen Handlung -- Das Problem der Rationalität in der sozialen Welt -- II Angewandte Theorie -- Der Fremde -- Der Heimkehrer -- Der Gut Informierte Bürger -- Don Quixote und das Problem der Realität -- Gemeinsam Musizieren -- Mozart und die Philosophen -- Santayana über Gesellschaft und Regierung -- Die Gleichheit und die Sinnstruktur der sozialen Welt -- Einige ÄQuivokationen im Begriff der Verantwortlichkeit -- Tiresias oder unser Wissen von Zukünftigen Ereignissen -- Personenregister.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400956858
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Storage environment and the control of viability -- 3 Microflora and seed deterioration -- 4 Effects of mechanical injuries on viability -- 5 Effects of environment before harvesting on viability -- 6 Effects of environment after sowing on viability -- 7 The measurement of viability -- 8 Vigour -- 9 Cytological, genetical, and metabolic changes associated with loss of viability -- 10 Loss of viability and crop yields -- 11 Dormancy: a factor affecting seed survival in the soil -- 12 Control mechanisms in the resting seed -- Appendix 1 Organisation of the United States National Seed Storage Laboratory / Edwin James -- Appendix 2 Organisation of the National Seed Storage Laboratory for Genetic Resources in Japan / Hiroshi Ito -- Appendix 3 Viability Nomographs / E. H. Roberts and Dorothy L. Roberts -- Appendix 4 Moisture content of seeds / E. H. Roberts and Dorothy L. Roberts.
    Abstract: From prehistoric times man has had a pecial s relationship with seed plants - as a source of food, materials for tools, buildings, clothing and pharmaceuticals, and for ornamenting his surroundings for his own delight (probably in that chronological order which, incidentally, also gives some indication ofthe priorities oflife). Today man's most important staple foods are derived directly from seeds as they have been since neolithic times. (It is a sobering thought, as Harlan* has pointed out, that nothing significant has been added to his diet since then. ) From those times he must have learned to collect, conserve and cultivate seeds; and the accumulated experience has been handed down. This book then is part of an ancient tradition, for here we are still primarily concerned with these skills. Seeds are plant propagules comprised of embryos in which growth has been suspended, usually supplied with their own food reserves and protected by special covering layers. Typically they are relatively dry structures compared with other plant tissues and, in this condi­ tion) they are resistant to the ravages of time and their environment. But resistant is a relative tenn and seeds do deteriorate: the type, the extent and the rapidity of the deterioration, and the factors which control it are important to agronomists, horticulturalists, plant breeders, seedsmen, seed analysts, and those concerned with the conservation of genetic resources.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction2 Storage environment and the control of viability -- 3 Microflora and seed deterioration -- 4 Effects of mechanical injuries on viability -- 5 Effects of environment before harvesting on viability -- 6 Effects of environment after sowing on viability -- 7 The measurement of viability -- 8 Vigour -- 9 Cytological, genetical, and metabolic changes associated with loss of viability -- 10 Loss of viability and crop yields -- 11 Dormancy: a factor affecting seed survival in the soil -- 12 Control mechanisms in the resting seed -- Appendix 1 Organisation of the United States National Seed Storage Laboratory / Edwin James -- Appendix 2 Organisation of the National Seed Storage Laboratory for Genetic Resources in Japan / Hiroshi Ito -- Appendix 3 Viability Nomographs / E. H. Roberts and Dorothy L. Roberts -- Appendix 4 Moisture content of seeds / E. H. Roberts and Dorothy L. Roberts.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9781468419658
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. The Autonomy of Biology as a Natural Science -- II. The Model of Open Systems: Beyond Molecular Biology -- III. Electronic Mobility in Biological Processes -- IV. The Evolution and Organization of Sentient Biological Behavior Systems -- V. The Evolutionary Significance of Biological Templates -- VI. Evolutionary Modulation of Ribosomal RNA Synthesis in Oogenesis and Early Embryonic Development -- VII. Respiration as Interface Between Self and Non-Self: Historico-Biological Perspectives -- VIII. Measurement Theory and Biology -- IX. The Transition from Theoretical Physics into Theoretical Biology -- X. Scientific Enterprises from a Biological Point of View -- XI. Historical Observations Concerning the Relationship Between Biology and Mathematics -- XII. A Survey of the Mechanical Interpretations of Life from Greek Atomists to the Followers of Descartes -- XIII. The Place of Normative Ethics within a Biological Framework -- XIV. The Evolutionary Thought of Teilhard de Chardin -- XV. The Use of Biological Concepts in the Writing of History -- XVI. What is a Historical System? -- XVII. On a Difference Between the Natural Sciences and History -- XVIII. Historical Taxonomy -- XIX. Theories of the Universe in the Late Eighteenth Century -- XX. Must a Machine Be an Automaton? -- XXI. Epistemology, the Mind and the Computer -- XXII. Marginal Notes on Schrödinger.
    Abstract: In a world that peers over the brink of disaster more often than not it is difficul t to find specific assignments for the scholarly community. One speaks of peace and brotherhood only to realize that for many the only real hope of making a contribution may seem to be in a field of scientific specialization seemingly irrelevant to social causes and problems. Yet the history of man since the beginnings of science in the days of the Greeks does not support this gloomy thesis. Time and again we have seen science precipitate social trends or changes in the humanistic beliefs that have a significant effect on. the scientific community. Not infrequently the theoretical scientist, triggered by society's changing goals and understandings, finds ultimate satisfaction in the work of his colleagues in engineering and the other applied fields. Thus the major debate in mid-nineteenth century in which the evidence of natural history and geology at variance with the Biblical feats provided not only courage to a timid Darwin but the kind of audience that was needed to fit his theories into the broad public dialogue on these topics. The impact of "Darwinism" was felt far beyond the scientific community. It affected social thought, upset religious certainties and greatly affected the teaching of science.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Autonomy of Biology as a Natural ScienceII. The Model of Open Systems: Beyond Molecular Biology -- III. Electronic Mobility in Biological Processes -- IV. The Evolution and Organization of Sentient Biological Behavior Systems -- V. The Evolutionary Significance of Biological Templates -- VI. Evolutionary Modulation of Ribosomal RNA Synthesis in Oogenesis and Early Embryonic Development -- VII. Respiration as Interface Between Self and Non-Self: Historico-Biological Perspectives -- VIII. Measurement Theory and Biology -- IX. The Transition from Theoretical Physics into Theoretical Biology -- X. Scientific Enterprises from a Biological Point of View -- XI. Historical Observations Concerning the Relationship Between Biology and Mathematics -- XII. A Survey of the Mechanical Interpretations of Life from Greek Atomists to the Followers of Descartes -- XIII. The Place of Normative Ethics within a Biological Framework -- XIV. The Evolutionary Thought of Teilhard de Chardin -- XV. The Use of Biological Concepts in the Writing of History -- XVI. What is a Historical System? -- XVII. On a Difference Between the Natural Sciences and History -- XVIII. Historical Taxonomy -- XIX. Theories of the Universe in the Late Eighteenth Century -- XX. Must a Machine Be an Automaton? -- XXI. Epistemology, the Mind and the Computer -- XXII. Marginal Notes on Schrödinger.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789401511704
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXX, 995 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: Table Des Matières / Table of Contents -- Articles -- La Commission des Communautés Européennes. la Commission des Quatorze: 1967–1970 -- Les Initiatives du Saint-Siège en Faveur de L’unification Européenne -- The Conference of European Ministers of Education -- Relations Between the Council of Europe and the United Nations -- Section Documentaire -- Chapitre I. Commission Centrale pour la Navigation du Rhin -- Chapitre II. Union Économique Benelux -- Chapitre III. Union de L’europe Occidentale -- Chapitre IV. Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Économiques -- Chapitre V. Conseil De L’Europe -- Chapitre VI. Commission Internationale de L’État Civil -- Chapitre VII. Conseil de Coopération Douanière -- Chapitre VIII. Communautés Européennes -- Chapitre IX. Conseil Nordique -- Chapitre X. Conférence Européenne des Ministres des Transports -- Chapitre XI. Commission Européenne de L’Aviation Civile -- Chapitre XII. Conférence Européenne des Administrations des Postes et des Télécommunications -- Chapitre XIII. Association Européenne de Libre-Échange -- Chapitre XIV. Organisation Européenne de Recherches Spatiales -- Chapitre XV. Organisation Européenne pour la Mise au Point et la Construction de Lanceurs D’engins Spatiaux -- Articles -- La Commission des communautés européennes. la commission des quatorze: 1967–1970 -- Les Initiatives du Saint-Siège en Faveur de L’unification Européenne -- The Conference of European Ministers of Education -- Relations Between the Council of Europe and the United Nations -- Documentary Section -- I. Central Commission for the Navigation on the Rhine -- II. Benelux Economic Union (in French) -- III. Western European Union -- IV. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development -- V. Council of Europe -- VI. International Commission on Civil Status -- VII. Customs Co-Operation Council -- VIII. European Communities -- IX. Nordic Council -- X. European Conference of Ministers of Transport -- XI. European Civil Aviation Conference -- XII. European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations -- XIII. European Free Trade Association -- XIV. European Space Research Organisation -- XV. European Space Vehicle Launcher Development Organisation -- Section Bibliographique -- I. Livres Sur La Coopération Européenne -- II. Bibliographie Sélective des Articles de Périodiques et des Brochures 1970 -- A. La Coopération Européenne en Général -- B. La Coopération Économique -- C. Conseil de L’europe -- D. Communautés Européennes -- E. Questions de Défense -- Table des Noms -- Index alphabétique -- Bibliographical Section -- I. Books on European Co-Operation -- II. Selective Bibliography of Periodical and Pamphlet Material 1970 -- A. European CO-Operation in General -- B. Economic CO-Operation -- C. Council of Europe -- D. European Communities -- E. Defence Questions -- List of Names -- General Index.
    Description / Table of Contents: Table Des Matières / Table of ContentsArticles -- La Commission des Communautés Européennes. la Commission des Quatorze: 1967-1970 -- Les Initiatives du Saint-Siège en Faveur de L’unification Européenne -- The Conference of European Ministers of Education -- Relations Between the Council of Europe and the United Nations -- Section Documentaire -- Chapitre I. Commission Centrale pour la Navigation du Rhin -- Chapitre II. Union Économique Benelux -- Chapitre III. Union de L’europe Occidentale -- Chapitre IV. Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Économiques -- Chapitre V. Conseil De L’Europe -- Chapitre VI. Commission Internationale de L’État Civil -- Chapitre VII. Conseil de Coopération Douanière -- Chapitre VIII. Communautés Européennes -- Chapitre IX. Conseil Nordique -- Chapitre X. Conférence Européenne des Ministres des Transports -- Chapitre XI. Commission Européenne de L’Aviation Civile -- Chapitre XII. Conférence Européenne des Administrations des Postes et des Télécommunications -- Chapitre XIII. Association Européenne de Libre-Échange -- Chapitre XIV. Organisation Européenne de Recherches Spatiales -- Chapitre XV. Organisation Européenne pour la Mise au Point et la Construction de Lanceurs D’engins Spatiaux -- Articles -- La Commission des communautés européennes. la commission des quatorze: 1967-1970 -- Les Initiatives du Saint-Siège en Faveur de L’unification Européenne -- The Conference of European Ministers of Education -- Relations Between the Council of Europe and the United Nations -- Documentary Section -- I. Central Commission for the Navigation on the Rhine -- II. Benelux Economic Union (in French) -- III. Western European Union -- IV. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development -- V. Council of Europe -- VI. International Commission on Civil Status -- VII. Customs Co-Operation Council -- VIII. European Communities -- IX. Nordic Council -- X. European Conference of Ministers of Transport -- XI. European Civil Aviation Conference -- XII. European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations -- XIII. European Free Trade Association -- XIV. European Space Research Organisation -- XV. European Space Vehicle Launcher Development Organisation -- Section Bibliographique -- I. Livres Sur La Coopération Européenne -- II. Bibliographie Sélective des Articles de Périodiques et des Brochures 1970 -- A. La Coopération Européenne en Général -- B. La Coopération Économique -- C. Conseil de L’europe -- D. Communautés Européennes -- E. Questions de Défense -- Table des Noms -- Index alphabétique -- Bibliographical Section -- I. Books on European Co-Operation -- II. Selective Bibliography of Periodical and Pamphlet Material 1970 -- A. European CO-Operation in General -- B. Economic CO-Operation -- C. Council of Europe -- D. European Communities -- E. Defence Questions -- List of Names -- General Index.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789401512213
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
    Abstract: One Basic Texts and General Information -- I. Basic Texts -- II. The European Commission of Human Rights -- III. The European Court of Human Rights -- IV. Principal Developments in the Council of Europe Concerning the Protection of Human Rights -- Two Decisions of the European Commission and Court of Human Rights and the Committee of Ministers -- I. Inter-State Applications Second Greek Case -- II. Individual Applications -- III. Case Struck off the List after being Declared Admissible -- IV. Case Brought Before the Court “Delcourt” Case -- Three The Convention within the Member States of the Council of Europe -- I. The Convention in the Parliaments of the Member States -- II. The Convention in the Domestic Courts of the Contracting Parties -- Premiere Partie Textes Fondamentaux et Informations de Caractere General -- Chapitre I. Textes Fondamentau -- Chapitre II. La Commission Europeenne des Droits de L’homme -- Chapitre III. La Cour Europeenne des Droits de L’homme -- Chapitre IV. Principaux Evenements ayant Marque le Developpement de la Protection des Droits de L’homme dans le Cadre du Conseil de L’europe -- Deuxieme Partie Decisions de la Commission et de la Cour Europeennes des Droits de L’homme et du Comite des Ministres -- Chapitre I. Requetes Interetatiques Deuxieme Affaire Grecque -- Chapitre II. Requetes Individuelles -- Chapitre III. Affaire Rayee du Role apres avoir ete Declaree Recevable -- Chapitre IV. Affaire Portee devant la Cour Affaire “Delcourt” -- Troisième Partie La Convention dans L’ordre Interne des Etats Membres du Conseil de L’europe -- Chapitre I. La Convention devant les Parlements des Etats Membres -- Chapitre II. La Convention devant les Juridictions Internes des Etats Contractants -- Append -- Documentation and Bibliography -- A. Council of Europe Documents -- B. Selective Bibliography of Publications Concerning the European Convention on Human Rights -- Alphabetical Index -- Annexe -- Documentation et Bibliographie -- A. Documents du Conseil de L’europe -- B. Liste des Principales Publications Concernant la Convention Europeenne des Droits de L’homme -- Index Alphabetique.
    Abstract: Volume I3 of the Yearbook of the European Convention on Human Rights relates to the year I970 and reflects a return to the usual pattern of activity under the Convention during that year, after the exceptional situation produced in I969 by the "Greek Case". This volume is published somewhat later than usual, because an extra volume in this series has been published between volumes I2 and I3 containing the Report of the European Com­ mission of Human Rights and the Resolution of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe relating to the "Greek Case". Part I of this Volume contains, as usual, the basic texts, chief among which are the amendments now made to the Convention following the entry into force on 2I September I970 of the Third Protocol, which relates to the procedure of the Commission. On the same date, the Second Protocol also entered into force, conferring on the Court of Human Rights competence to give advisory opinions. The text of this Protocol is to be found in Volume 6 at pages 3ff. The amendments and additions to the Rules of Court consequent upon the entry into force of the Second Protocol are set out in Part I of this Volume.
    Description / Table of Contents: One Basic Texts and General InformationI. Basic Texts -- II. The European Commission of Human Rights -- III. The European Court of Human Rights -- IV. Principal Developments in the Council of Europe Concerning the Protection of Human Rights -- Two Decisions of the European Commission and Court of Human Rights and the Committee of Ministers -- I. Inter-State Applications Second Greek Case -- II. Individual Applications -- III. Case Struck off the List after being Declared Admissible -- IV. Case Brought Before the Court “Delcourt” Case -- Three The Convention within the Member States of the Council of Europe -- I. The Convention in the Parliaments of the Member States -- II. The Convention in the Domestic Courts of the Contracting Parties -- Premiere Partie Textes Fondamentaux et Informations de Caractere General -- Chapitre I. Textes Fondamentau -- Chapitre II. La Commission Europeenne des Droits de L’homme -- Chapitre III. La Cour Europeenne des Droits de L’homme -- Chapitre IV. Principaux Evenements ayant Marque le Developpement de la Protection des Droits de L’homme dans le Cadre du Conseil de L’europe -- Deuxieme Partie Decisions de la Commission et de la Cour Europeennes des Droits de L’homme et du Comite des Ministres -- Chapitre I. Requetes Interetatiques Deuxieme Affaire Grecque -- Chapitre II. Requetes Individuelles -- Chapitre III. Affaire Rayee du Role apres avoir ete Declaree Recevable -- Chapitre IV. Affaire Portee devant la Cour Affaire “Delcourt” -- Troisième Partie La Convention dans L’ordre Interne des Etats Membres du Conseil de L’europe -- Chapitre I. La Convention devant les Parlements des Etats Membres -- Chapitre II. La Convention devant les Juridictions Internes des Etats Contractants -- Append -- Documentation and Bibliography -- A. Council of Europe Documents -- B. Selective Bibliography of Publications Concerning the European Convention on Human Rights -- Alphabetical Index -- Annexe -- Documentation et Bibliographie -- A. Documents du Conseil de L’europe -- B. Liste des Principales Publications Concernant la Convention Europeenne des Droits de L’homme -- Index Alphabetique.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401746922
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 235 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy—History.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401023733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 138 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: History ; Political science.
    Abstract: I. A Progressive Mind in the Age of Restoration, 1820–1848 -- The Education of a Nineteenth Century Liberal, 1818–1827 -- The Apprentice Writer: Cattaneo and the Annali Universali di Statistica, 1827–1836 -- The Years of Maturity: Cattaneo’s Economic and Social Thought, 1836–1839 -- Il Politecnico: “Herein Dwells My Spirit”, 1839–1844 -- Reformer and Critic: the Development of Cattaneo’s Political Thought, 1844–1848 -- II. Reluctant Revolutionary, 1848–1849 -- The Five Days of Milan -- Cattaneo, Charles Albert, and the Provisional Government of Lombardy, March-May 1848 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Politics of “Fusion”, May-August 1848 -- Informal Diplomacy: Cattaneo’s Mission to Paris, August-October 1848 -- A View of the Revolution in Lombardy: Cattaneo’s L’insurrection de Milan en 1848 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Revolution in Central Italy, November 1848–May 1849 -- The Triumph of Reaction, June-October 1849 -- III. Nationalism and Liberty: Cattaneo’s Search for a Political Program, 1850–1858 -- Cattaneo and the Archivio triennale, 1850–1851 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Lessons of History -- Cattaneo, Ferrari, and the Federalist Alternative -- Cattaneo, Pisacane, and the Social Question -- “Pursuits of a More Quiet Nature”: Cattaneo and the Cultural and Economic Life of Canton Ticino, 1852–1858 -- Cattaneo’s Attitude Toward Italian Politics and European Diplomacy 1852–1858 -- IV. Cattaneo and the Politics of Italian Unification, 1859–1860 -- “The Spirit of Napoleon Is Rising Again ”: Cattaneo and the Meaning of the Franco-Sardinian Alliance, January-April 1859 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Meaning of Bonapartism -- Cavour’s War and the Annexation of Lombardy, April-December 1859 -- Elections, Plebiscites... and “Pancakes”: Cattaneo and the Creation of a “Political Italy”, January-June 1860 -- A Last Chance for Liberty: Cattaneo and the Southern Question, June-November 1860 no -- V. Carlo Cattaneo and the Politics of The Risorgimento: An Ambiguous Legacy.
    Abstract: In January 1948, Alessandro Levi, a distinguished scholar in the fields of law, philosophy and political theory, published an article entitled "The 'return' of Carlo Cattaneo. " 1 Levi, himself the author of an im­ portant work on Cattaneo, 2 reported on several initiatives which had been taken by Italian scholars since 1945 to rescue the Lombard writer and politician from relative obscurity. With some financial assistance from the City of Milan, a committee of Italian and Swiss scholars had been formed in the spring of 1946 to publish Cattaneo's works, which until then had only appeared in fragmentary and uncritical 3 editions. LeMonnier of Florence had agreed to publish the new edi­ tion. Meanwhile, the Lombard historian Rinaldo Caddeo was preparing with considerable pains an edition of several volumes of Cattaneo's correspondence. In addition, a catalog of materials pertaining to Cat­ taneo and found among the Crispi papers was being prepared at the State Archives in Palermo. A brief biography had appeared in 1945 and other works by historians, political scientists, and journalists were 4 in progress. These initiatives seemed long overdue, in view of the fact that Cattaneo's contemporaries had considered him a leading figure in the liberal-democratic current of the Risorgimento. As Levi acknowledged in his article, however, these efforts to rescue Cattaneo's work from obscurity were something more than a belated tribute to an important participant in the history of nineteenth century Italy.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. A Progressive Mind in the Age of Restoration, 1820-1848The Education of a Nineteenth Century Liberal, 1818-1827 -- The Apprentice Writer: Cattaneo and the Annali Universali di Statistica, 1827-1836 -- The Years of Maturity: Cattaneo’s Economic and Social Thought, 1836-1839 -- Il Politecnico: “Herein Dwells My Spirit”, 1839-1844 -- Reformer and Critic: the Development of Cattaneo’s Political Thought, 1844-1848 -- II. Reluctant Revolutionary, 1848-1849 -- The Five Days of Milan -- Cattaneo, Charles Albert, and the Provisional Government of Lombardy, March-May 1848 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Politics of “Fusion”, May-August 1848 -- Informal Diplomacy: Cattaneo’s Mission to Paris, August-October 1848 -- A View of the Revolution in Lombardy: Cattaneo’s L’insurrection de Milan en 1848 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Revolution in Central Italy, November 1848-May 1849 -- The Triumph of Reaction, June-October 1849 -- III. Nationalism and Liberty: Cattaneo’s Search for a Political Program, 1850-1858 -- Cattaneo and the Archivio triennale, 1850-1851 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Lessons of History -- Cattaneo, Ferrari, and the Federalist Alternative -- Cattaneo, Pisacane, and the Social Question -- “Pursuits of a More Quiet Nature”: Cattaneo and the Cultural and Economic Life of Canton Ticino, 1852-1858 -- Cattaneo’s Attitude Toward Italian Politics and European Diplomacy 1852-1858 -- IV. Cattaneo and the Politics of Italian Unification, 1859-1860 -- “The Spirit of Napoleon Is Rising Again ”: Cattaneo and the Meaning of the Franco-Sardinian Alliance, January-April 1859 -- Cattaneo, Mazzini, and the Meaning of Bonapartism -- Cavour’s War and the Annexation of Lombardy, April-December 1859 -- Elections, Plebiscites.. and “Pancakes”: Cattaneo and the Creation of a “Political Italy”, January-June 1860 -- A Last Chance for Liberty: Cattaneo and the Southern Question, June-November 1860 no -- V. Carlo Cattaneo and the Politics of The Risorgimento: An Ambiguous Legacy.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028110
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220p) , online resource
    Edition: Second and enlarged edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Abstract: One The Two Logics and their Relation -- Two The Schematism in its Context -- Three The Concept of Metaphysics -- Four The Concept of Dialectic -- I. Totality -- II. Hypostasis -- III. Illusion -- IV. Dialectical Opposition -- V. The Antinomy between Verstand and Vernunft -- VI. General Observations on the Structure of Dialectic -- Five The Scepticism of the ‘Critique of Judgement’ -- Six The Primacy of Practical Reason -- I. The Idea of Practical Reason -- II. The Meaning of Primacy -- III. Freedom -- IV. Postulates -- Seven Substance and Ideas -- Appendix Interpretations and Systems on Approaches to the ‘Critique of Pure Reason’ -- I. The World as an Image -- II. From Illusion to Fiction -- III. The Realistic Turn -- IV. The Rule of Method -- V. Knowledge and Human Finitude.
    Description / Table of Contents: One The Two Logics and their RelationTwo The Schematism in its Context -- Three The Concept of Metaphysics -- Four The Concept of Dialectic -- I. Totality -- II. Hypostasis -- III. Illusion -- IV. Dialectical Opposition -- V. The Antinomy between Verstand and Vernunft -- VI. General Observations on the Structure of Dialectic -- Five The Scepticism of the ‘Critique of Judgement’ -- Six The Primacy of Practical Reason -- I. The Idea of Practical Reason -- II. The Meaning of Primacy -- III. Freedom -- IV. Postulates -- Seven Substance and Ideas -- Appendix Interpretations and Systems on Approaches to the ‘Critique of Pure Reason’ -- I. The World as an Image -- II. From Illusion to Fiction -- III. The Realistic Turn -- IV. The Rule of Method -- V. Knowledge and Human Finitude.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401028530
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 417 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One -- I. Literary and Chronologicale Aspects of the Commentary -- II. The Metaphysical Views of Avicenna, Averroes, and Albert -- III. The Prooemium to Aquinas’ Commentary -- Two -- IV. The Object of Metaphysics -- V. The Relation of Metaphysics to the Other Sciences -- VI. The Method of Metaphysics -- Three -- VII. The Basic Insight of Aquina’s Commentary -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- Index of Topics -- Index of Texts.
    Abstract: Thomas Aquinas' Commentary on the Metaphysics has long been con­ sidered by many as one of the most interesting, most rewarding of all his works. Yet strangely enough, there has been no extensive study of this work, at least none that has ever reached print. It is in the hope of partially filling this gap in medieval research that the present study of the metaphysical system of the Commentary was conceived. However, the discussion of the Commentary's metaphysics must simultaneously be an investigation into the reasons which motivated Aquinas in the composition of his work. Did he wish to expose only the theories of Aristotle, or did he simultaneously intend to present his own metaphysical views? Obviously, we must learn the answer to this before we can proceed to disentangle the metaphysical system, or systems, operative in Aquinas' Commentary. Up to the present day this problem, the nature of Aquinas' exposition has not been answered in a manner acceptable to all. Generally speak­ ing, three theories have been advanced. A first one would see the 1 Commentary as an objective exposition of Aristotle. A second opinion views Aquinas' exposition as an attempt to express his own personal 2 theories on metaphysics. And finally, the third view divides within the Commentary paragraphs containing Aquinas' personal thought ...
    Description / Table of Contents: OneI. Literary and Chronologicale Aspects of the Commentary -- II. The Metaphysical Views of Avicenna, Averroes, and Albert -- III. The Prooemium to Aquinas’ Commentary -- Two -- IV. The Object of Metaphysics -- V. The Relation of Metaphysics to the Other Sciences -- VI. The Method of Metaphysics -- Three -- VII. The Basic Insight of Aquina’s Commentary -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- Index of Topics -- Index of Texts.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401031202
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Astrobiology.
    Abstract: I / Traditional and Modern Logic -- II/Logic as Ontology -- III/Logic as Linguistic Theory -- IV / Logic as Methodology -- V / Richer Logical Systems -- VI/Antinomies -- VII/Logic And The Critique of Reason -- VIII / Towards The Logic Of Probability.
    Abstract: The field of modern logic is too extensive to be worked through by open­ cast mining. To open it up, we need to sink shafts and construct adits. This is the method of most text books: a systematic exposition of a number of main topics, supplemented by exercises to teach skill in the appurtenant techniques, lays a secure foundation for subsequent dis­ cussion of selected questions. Compared with this, the present treatment is more like a network of exploratory drillings to show that it would be worthwhile to start mining operations, or to work the existing shafts and adits, as the case may be. Within this metaphor we may also describe the inherent weakness of this conception: once a cavity is pierced, the duct's capacity will in general not be sufficient to carry away the discovered riches. But whether we are concerned with a new or an already worked mine - at any rate, the experience should stimulate us into either reviving an existing system of shafts or even, in particularly fortunate cases, designing a new ap­ proach.
    Description / Table of Contents: I / Traditional and Modern LogicII/Logic as Ontology -- III/Logic as Linguistic Theory -- IV / Logic as Methodology -- V / Richer Logical Systems -- VI/Antinomies -- VII/Logic And The Critique of Reason -- VIII / Towards The Logic Of Probability.
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