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  • Online Resource  (24)
  • 1970-1974  (24)
  • 1970  (24)
  • Science (General)  (19)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Bloomington, Ind. : OAH ; 51.1964/65 -
    ISSN: 1945-2314 , 0021-8723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 51.1964/65 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The journal of American history
    Former Title: Vorg.: Mississippi Valley historical review
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; Geschichte ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 19.02.2021
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage ; 1.1970 -
    ISSN: 1552-4566 , 0021-9347
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1970 -
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Journal of black studies
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Schwarze ; Online-Ressource ; Schwarze ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Schwarze ; Online-Ressource ; Schwarze ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource
    Note: Gesehen am 18.01.06
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : American Historical Assoc. | Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press | Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press ; 1.1895/96 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 1937-5239 , 0002-8762 , 0002-8762
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1895/96 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The American historical review
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Weltgeschichte ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Note: Gesehen am 23.10.12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chicago, Ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press | Oxford [u.a.] : Blackwell | New York, NY [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press ; 1.1939 -
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    ISSN: 1468-2508 , 0022-3816 , 0022-3816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1939 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The journal of politics
    Former Title: Fortsetzung von Southern Political Science Association Proceedings of the Southern Political Science Association
    DDC: 320
    Keywords: Politische Wissenschaft Vereinigte Staaten ; USA ; Zeitschrift ; Politische Wissenschaft ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Politische Wissenschaft
    Note: Gesehen am 28.09.20
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400958418
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Potential theory (Mathematics). ; Engineering mathematics. ; Engineering—Data processing. ; Physics. ; Astronomy. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Definitions. Addition of Vectors -- 1. Scalar and Vector Quantities -- 2. Graphical Representation of Vectors -- 3. Addition and Subtraction of Vectors -- 4. Components of a Vector -- 5. Geometrical Applications -- 6. Scalar and Vector Fields -- Miscellaneous Exercises I -- 2 Products of Vectors -- 1. General -- 2. The Scalar Product -- 3. The Vector Product -- 4. Vector Area -- 5. Application to Vector Products -- 6. Products of Three Vectors -- 7. Line and Surface Integrals as Scalar Products -- Miscellaneous Exercises II -- 3 The Differentiation of Vectors -- 1. Scalar Differentiation -- 2. Differentiation of Sums and Products -- 3. Partial Differentiation -- Miscellaneous Exercises III -- 4 The Operator ? and Its Uses -- 1. The Operator ? -- 2. The Gradient of a Scalar Field -- 3. The Divergence of a Vector Field -- 4. The Operator div grad. -- 5. The Operator ?2 with Vector Operand -- 6. The Curl of a Vector Field -- 7. Simple Examples of the Curl of a Vector Field -- 8. Divergence of a Vector Product -- 9. Divergence and Curl of SA -- 10. The Operator curl grad. -- 11. The Operator grad div. -- 12. The Operator div curl. -- 13. The Operator curl curl. -- 14. The Vector Field grad (k/r) -- 15. Vector Operators in Terms of Polar Co-ordinates -- Miscellaneous Exercises IV -- 5 Integral Theorems -- 1. The Divergence Theorem of Gauss -- 2. Gauss’s Theorem and the Inverse Square Law -- 3. Green’s Theorem -- 4. Stokes’s Theorem -- 5. Alternative Definitions of Divergence and Curl -- 6. Classification of Vector Fields -- Miscellaneous Exercises V -- 6 The Scalar Potential Field -- 1. General Properties -- 2. The Inverse Square Law. Point Sources -- 3. Volume Distributions -- 4. Multi-valued Potentials -- 7 The Vector Potential Field -- 1. The Magnetic Field of a Steady Current -- 2. The Vector Potential -- 3. Linear Currents -- 4. Simple Examples of Vector Potential -- 8 The Electromagnetic Field Equations of Maxwell -- 1. General -- 2. Maxwell’s Equations -- 3. Energy Considerations -- Miscellaneous Exercises VIII -- Answers to Exercises.
    Abstract: The principal changes that I have made in preparing this revised edition of the book are the following. (i) Carefuily selected worked and unworked examples have been added to six of the chapters. These examples have been taken from class and degree examination papers set in this University and I am grateful to the University Court for permission to use them. (ii) Some additional matter on the geometrieaI application of veetors has been incorporated in Chapter 1. (iii) Chapters 4 and 5 have been combined into one chapter, some material has been rearranged and some further material added. (iv) The chapter on int~gral theorems, now Chapter 5, has been expanded to include an altemative proof of Gauss's theorem, a treatmeot of Green's theorem and a more extended discussioo of the classification of vector fields. (v) The only major change made in what are now Chapters 6 and 7 is the deletioo of the discussion of the DOW obsolete pot funetioo. (vi) A small part of Chapter 8 on Maxwell's equations has been rewritten to give a fuller account of the use of scalar and veetor potentials in eleetromagnetic theory, and the units emploYed have been changed to the m.k.s. system.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Definitions. Addition of Vectors1. Scalar and Vector Quantities -- 2. Graphical Representation of Vectors -- 3. Addition and Subtraction of Vectors -- 4. Components of a Vector -- 5. Geometrical Applications -- 6. Scalar and Vector Fields -- Miscellaneous Exercises I -- 2 Products of Vectors -- 1. General -- 2. The Scalar Product -- 3. The Vector Product -- 4. Vector Area -- 5. Application to Vector Products -- 6. Products of Three Vectors -- 7. Line and Surface Integrals as Scalar Products -- Miscellaneous Exercises II -- 3 The Differentiation of Vectors -- 1. Scalar Differentiation -- 2. Differentiation of Sums and Products -- 3. Partial Differentiation -- Miscellaneous Exercises III -- 4 The Operator ? and Its Uses -- 1. The Operator ? -- 2. The Gradient of a Scalar Field -- 3. The Divergence of a Vector Field -- 4. The Operator div grad. -- 5. The Operator ?2 with Vector Operand -- 6. The Curl of a Vector Field -- 7. Simple Examples of the Curl of a Vector Field -- 8. Divergence of a Vector Product -- 9. Divergence and Curl of SA -- 10. The Operator curl grad. -- 11. The Operator grad div. -- 12. The Operator div curl. -- 13. The Operator curl curl. -- 14. The Vector Field grad (k/r) -- 15. Vector Operators in Terms of Polar Co-ordinates -- Miscellaneous Exercises IV -- 5 Integral Theorems -- 1. The Divergence Theorem of Gauss -- 2. Gauss’s Theorem and the Inverse Square Law -- 3. Green’s Theorem -- 4. Stokes’s Theorem -- 5. Alternative Definitions of Divergence and Curl -- 6. Classification of Vector Fields -- Miscellaneous Exercises V -- 6 The Scalar Potential Field -- 1. General Properties -- 2. The Inverse Square Law. Point Sources -- 3. Volume Distributions -- 4. Multi-valued Potentials -- 7 The Vector Potential Field -- 1. The Magnetic Field of a Steady Current -- 2. The Vector Potential -- 3. Linear Currents -- 4. Simple Examples of Vector Potential -- 8 The Electromagnetic Field Equations of Maxwell -- 1. General -- 2. Maxwell’s Equations -- 3. Energy Considerations -- Miscellaneous Exercises VIII -- Answers to Exercises.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9781461582526
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Techniques for the Measurement of Electrode Processes at Temperatures Above 100°C -- Experimental Techniques -- Application of High-Temperature Electrochemical Techniques -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Surface- and Environment-Sensitive Mechanical Behavior -- The Nature of Crystal Surfaces -- Environmental Effects on Crystalline Solids with Clean Surfaces -- Effects of Solid Surface Films -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Mechanism and Phenomenology of Organic Inhibitors -- Mechanisms of the Action of Organic Inhibitors -- The Role of the Metal in Inhibition -- Methods of Studying Inhibitors -- Organic Inhibitors in Various Aggressive Environments -- Summary -- References -- 4 Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum -- Short History -- Anodizing Processes of Current Importance and Interest -- Mechanism of Anodic Oxidation -- Properties of Anodic Oxide Films on Aluminum -- Corrosion Problems in Anodized Aluminum -- Acknowledgment -- References.
    Abstract: This series was organized to provide a forum for review papers in the area of corrosion. The aim of these reviews is to bring certain areas of corrosion science and technology into a sharp focus. The volumes of this series will be published approximately on a yearly basis and will each contain three to five reviews. The articles in each volume will be selected in such a way to be of interest both to the corrosion scientists and the corrosion tech­ nologists. There is, in fact, a particular aim in juxtaposing these interests because of the importance of mutual interaction and interdisciplinarity so important in corrosion studies. It is hoped that the corrosion scientists in this way may stay abreast of the activities in corrosion technology and vice versa. In this series the term "corrosion" will be used in its very broadest sense. This will include, therefore, not only the degradation of metals in aqueous environment but also what is commonly referred to as "high­ temperature oxidation. " Further, the plan is to be even more general than these topics; the series will include all solids and all environments. Today, engineering solids include not only metals but glasses, ionic solids, polymeric solids, and composites of these. Environments of interest must be extended to liquid metals, a wide variety of gases, nonaqueous electrolytes, and other nonaqueous liquids.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Techniques for the Measurement of Electrode Processes at Temperatures Above 100°CExperimental Techniques -- Application of High-Temperature Electrochemical Techniques -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Surface- and Environment-Sensitive Mechanical Behavior -- The Nature of Crystal Surfaces -- Environmental Effects on Crystalline Solids with Clean Surfaces -- Effects of Solid Surface Films -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Mechanism and Phenomenology of Organic Inhibitors -- Mechanisms of the Action of Organic Inhibitors -- The Role of the Metal in Inhibition -- Methods of Studying Inhibitors -- Organic Inhibitors in Various Aggressive Environments -- Summary -- References -- 4 Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum -- Short History -- Anodizing Processes of Current Importance and Interest -- Mechanism of Anodic Oxidation -- Properties of Anodic Oxide Films on Aluminum -- Corrosion Problems in Anodized Aluminum -- Acknowledgment -- References.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401168816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Automobile Electrical Systems -- 2. The Starting System -- 3. The Charging System -- 4. Ignition System Principles -- 5. Coil and Other Ignition Systems -- 6. The Magneto -- 7. The Sparking Plug -- 8. The Automobile Battery -- 9. The Lighting System -- 10. Automobile Electrical Instruments -- 11. Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment -- 12. Wiring and Installation -- 13. Later Developments in Electrical Equipment.
    Abstract: The necessity for a reprint of the previous edition of this Manual has afforded an opportunity of bringing the information in certain parts of the book up to date, by the addition of a new Chapter 13 which deals with the more important developments that have occurred in the interim. This method has been adopted in order to simplify and to expedite the preparation of the present edition. As with the other Manuals of the Series, the elementary method of treatment of the subject has been retained, but where considered necessary some theoretical aspects are discussed. The previous edition has been checked and where desirable certain minor altera­ tions and improvements have been made in order to clarify the text. There have been several important developments in electrical components and wiring methods since the last edition, the more interesting of which have included the wider use of electronics in the design and construction of certain automobile parts. Examples of these are the use of transistors, diodes and printed circuits on flat and flexible bases, notably for instrument panels, while minia­ turized versions of printed circuits are finding wider applications in automobile components, e.g. for alternator voltage control units. In order to assist the non-technical reader, for whom these Manuals were originally intended, a brief outline of the theory and applications of diodes and transistors has been included to help him to understand the circuits using these modern components.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Automobile Electrical Systems2. The Starting System -- 3. The Charging System -- 4. Ignition System Principles -- 5. Coil and Other Ignition Systems -- 6. The Magneto -- 7. The Sparking Plug -- 8. The Automobile Battery -- 9. The Lighting System -- 10. Automobile Electrical Instruments -- 11. Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment -- 12. Wiring and Installation -- 13. Later Developments in Electrical Equipment.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9781468418279
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: I - Nuclear Structure and Electromagnetic InteractionsII - Electromagnetic and Weak Interaction Probes -- III - Hadronic Interactions: High-Energy Collision Processes -- IV - Hadronic Interactions: Collision Processes with Pions and Unstable Particles -- V - Hadronic Interactions: Bound Systems -- VI - New Accelerators and other Experimental Developments -- VII - Properties of Pions and Muons -- VIII - Fundanental Synnetry Properties -- IX - Some Theoretical Questions in Elementary Particle and Nuclear Physics.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468418750
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Lattice DynamicsTheory of Small Oscillations -- Effect of Lattice Symmetry -- Density of Vibrational States -- Vibrational Thermodynamic Properties of Crystals -- X-ray and Neutron Scattering -- 2. Cohesive Energies of Ionic Solids -- Born-Haber Cycle -- Born Treatment of Ionic Solids -- Some Related Aspects -- 3. Defect Chemistry and Non-Stoichiometric Compounds -- Point Defect Equilibria in Crystals -- The Systematica of Non-Stoichiometric Compounds -- Grossly Non-Stoichiometric Compounds -- Ferrous Oxide: A Case History -- Strong Defect Ordering: Intermediate Superstructure Phases -- Elimination of Defects: Crystallo graphic Shear -- Imperfections of Ordered Structures (Lattice Imaging) -- Conclusions and Outstanding Problems -- 4. Theory of Point Defects in Ionic Crystals -- to Point Defects in Ionic Crystals -- Experimental Studies of Point Defects -- Theoretical Calculations of the Formation Energies of Schottky Defects -- Defect Interaction Energies -- Migration Energies -- Interstitial Defects -- Concluding Remarks -- 5. Dielectric Properties -- Definitions and Units -- Mechanisms of Polarization -- Alternating Current Phenomena -- Ferroelectrics -- 6. Magnetism -- Non-Interacting Atoms -- Magnetic Interactions -- Long-Range Order -- Spiral Configurations -- Magnetic Atoms in a Crystal -- Superexchange Interactions -- Collective d-Electron Model -- 7. Neutron Diffraction and Solid State Properties -- Thermal Neutrons -- Elastic Scattering -- Inelastic Scattering -- Conclusions -- 8. Magnetic Resonance -- Nuclear Moments end Nuclear Magnetic Resonance -- Spin-Lattice Relaxation -- Bloch Equations and Transverse Relaxation -- Experimental Arrangements -- NMR in Non-metallic Solids -- Quadrupolar Splittings in NMR -- NMR in Metals -- Chemical Shift and Spin Coupling in Solids -- Pure Quadrupole Resonance in Solids -- Electron Paramagnetic Resonance -- Concluding Remarks -- 9. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Superconductors and Dilute Alloys -- NMR in Superconductors -- NMR in Dilute Alloys -- 10. Magnetostriction in Materials -- Behaviour of Common Materials -- Conclusions -- 11. Mössbauer Effect and Dynamics of Atomic Motion in Solids -- Resonance Fluorescence -- Mossbauer’s Experiment -- Resonance Absorption of Gamma Rays and Dynamics of Atomic Motion -- Experimental Results -- Concluding Remarks -- 12. Positron Annihilation in Solids -- Methods and Results -- 13. Elements of Order-Disorder Theory and Diverse Applications -- Statement of the Problem -- The Zero Order Approximation (Langmuir Isotherm) -- The Fermi-Dirac Distribution Function -- Decomposition of the Lattice into Subfigures -- The Fowler-Guggenheim Adsorption Isotherm -- Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Mixtures in the Bragg-Williams Approximation -- 14. Diffusion in Solids -- The Diffusion Coefficient -- Intrinsic Diffusion Coefficients -- Self-Diffusion Coefficients -- Experimental Procedures -- 15. Ionic Conductivity -- Conduction Mechanisms in Ionic Crystals -- Anisotropy of Conduction in Ionic Crystals -- 16. Inorganic Glasses -- Constitution of Glass -- Glass formation -- Inorganic Glass Forming Systems -- Transport Properties of Glasses -- 17. Electrical Properties of Solid Catalysts -- Historical Introduction -- Classification of Solid Catalysts based on Electronic Properties -- Inverse Mixed Catalysts -- Conclusions -- 18. Dislocations and Solid State Reactions -- Dislocations, Their Structure and Properties -- The Role of Dislocations in Chemical Reactions -- 19. Solid State Reactions -- Role of Defects in the Reactivity of Solids -- Solid-Gas Reactions: Oxidation of Metals -- Solid-Solid Reactions -- Thermal Decomposition of Solids -- 20. Band and Transport Theories in Solids -- to Band Structure Concepts (Particle-in-the-Box) -- Kronig-Penney Model -- Bloch Functions for the Circular Chain -- Band Structure for a Circular Chain in the Tight Binding Approximation -- Pauli Exclusion Principle and Fermi-Dirac Statistics -- Heat Capacity of a Metal -- Classification of Materials -- Elementary Discussion of Yarious Transport Phenomena -- Fermi Levels and Conductivity in Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors -- Transport Effects in Materials Characterized by ‘Hopping’ Electrons -- Brief Survey of Experimental Results -- 21. Spectroscopy of Metals and Semiconductors -- Macroscopic Theory and Experimental Methods -- Microscopic Theory of Optical Properties -- Optical Properties of Metals -- Optical Properties of Semiconductors -- Conclusions -- 22. Phase Transformations in Solids -- Thermodynamic Considerations -- Structural Changes in Transformations -- Kinetics of Transformations -- Order-Disorder Transitions -- Martensite Transformations -- Ferroelectric Transformations -- Magnetic Transitions -- Semiconductor-Metal Transitions -- High Pressure Transformations -- Born Treatment of Phase Transformations in Alkali Halides -- Comments on Experimental Techniques.
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9781468478730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Regulatory Mechanisms -- Control of Red Cell Production -- Kinetics and Control of White Cell Production by Bone Marrow -- Heterogeneity and Circulation of Lymphocytes -- Megakaryocyte and Platelet Development and Regulation -- Discussion -- II. Metabolism and Function — A -- Normal Red Cell Metabolism and the Influences of Age and the Plasma Environment -- The Metabolism and Function of Red Cells with Inherited Defects -- Recent Studies on the Structure and Function of Leucocytes and Macrophages -- Increased Susceptibility to Infection Due to Dysfunction of Granulocytes -- Discussion -- III. Metabolism and Function — B -- Function of the Normal Lymphocyte -- Metabolism and Function of the Normal Platelets -- The Abnormal Platelet -- Discussion -- IV. Recent Developments in Therapy -- The Therapeutic Possibilities in the Hemoglobinopathies -- An Evaluation of the Present Status of Neutrophil Replacement Therapy -- Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Recent Concepts and Implications of Therapy -- Present Status of Blood Component Therapy -- Discussion -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This volume is a collection of the presentations given at the sixth international research conference, Blood Cells as a Tissue, at The Lankenau Hospital, October 30 and 31, 1969. The conference was supported in part by the following pharmaceutical industries: Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois; Baxter Laboratories, Inc. ,. Morton Grove, Illinois; Bristol Laboratories, Syracuse, New York; Burroughs Wellcome and Company, Tuckahoe, New York; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; Geigy Pharmaceuticals, Ardsley, New York; Merck Sharp & Dohme Post Graduate Program, West Point, Penn­ sylvania; Riker Laboratory, Northridge, California; Schering Corporation, Bloomfield, New Jersey; Squibb Research Institute, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and Smith Kline and French Labora­ tories, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This valuable support is gratefully acknowledged. The Conference Committee is especially indebted to the four chairmen, Dr. Allan J. Erslev, Dr. William J. Williams, Dr. R. Philip Custer and Dr. Sol Sherry, for their advice and guidance in the formulation of the program. Weare also grateful to the speakers for their splendid cooperation, and to all participants for their stimulating interest. The continuing support of the members of the Board of Trustees, of the Hospital Administration, and the Women's Volunteer Service played a major role in the success of the conference. We wish to express our sincere gratitude to the many members of the Hospital staff who contributed so willingly of their time to make the conference possible. A special vote of thanks goes to Mr. Ralph Hollerorth, Mrs. Carolyn Hyatt and Mrs.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Regulatory MechanismsControl of Red Cell Production -- Kinetics and Control of White Cell Production by Bone Marrow -- Heterogeneity and Circulation of Lymphocytes -- Megakaryocyte and Platelet Development and Regulation -- Discussion -- II. Metabolism and Function - A -- Normal Red Cell Metabolism and the Influences of Age and the Plasma Environment -- The Metabolism and Function of Red Cells with Inherited Defects -- Recent Studies on the Structure and Function of Leucocytes and Macrophages -- Increased Susceptibility to Infection Due to Dysfunction of Granulocytes -- Discussion -- III. Metabolism and Function - B -- Function of the Normal Lymphocyte -- Metabolism and Function of the Normal Platelets -- The Abnormal Platelet -- Discussion -- IV. Recent Developments in Therapy -- The Therapeutic Possibilities in the Hemoglobinopathies -- An Evaluation of the Present Status of Neutrophil Replacement Therapy -- Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Recent Concepts and Implications of Therapy -- Present Status of Blood Component Therapy -- Discussion -- Author Index.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9783034868921
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion 33
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461333241
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: I: Theory -- 1. The history and scope of ecology -- 2. Environment -- 3. Components of environment; resources -- 4. Components of environment; mates -- 5. Components of environment; predators and pathogens: aggressors -- 6. Components of environment; weather -- 7. Components of environment; malentities -- 8. Components of environment; more about the ecological web -- 9. Theory; the numbers of animals in natural populations -- II: Practical Course -- 10. Methods for estimating density, patterns of distribution and dispersal in populations of animals -- 11. Physiological responses to temperature -- 12. Behaviour in relation to moisture and food -- Bibliography and Author Index.
    Abstract: In revising this book I have tried to bring the theory of environment up to date in the light of certain important criticisms that have appeared since 1961, especially in papers by T. O. Browning and D. A. Maelzer, and in the light of experience gained while using the book as a text for an undergraduate course in population ecology in the University of Adelaide. As a consequence the order in which the argument is pre­ sented has been altered. Some new material has been introduced to expand the discussion of certain topics, especially resources, pathogens, aggressors and territorial behaviour. But the general approach to the subject and the general theory remains very much the same as in the first edition. I am grateful to Professor F. Fenner and Dr F. N. Ratcliffe and to Cambridge University Press for permission to reproduce Fig. 5.04; to Professor D. O. Chitty and the Ecological Society of Australia for permission to reproduce Fig. 5.05 (with minor modifications); Fig. 3.03 has been modified from a figure in a paper by H. G. Andrewartha and T. O. Browning first published in the Journal of Experimental Biology. Adelaide, 1970 H. G. A. xi Preface to the First Edition My interest in animal ecology was first aroused by reading Elton's Animal Ecology. His definition of the scope of ecology which I quote in section 1.0 is still the best that I have met.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Theory1. The history and scope of ecology -- 2. Environment -- 3. Components of environment; resources -- 4. Components of environment; mates -- 5. Components of environment; predators and pathogens: aggressors -- 6. Components of environment; weather -- 7. Components of environment; malentities -- 8. Components of environment; more about the ecological web -- 9. Theory; the numbers of animals in natural populations -- II: Practical Course -- 10. Methods for estimating density, patterns of distribution and dispersal in populations of animals -- 11. Physiological responses to temperature -- 12. Behaviour in relation to moisture and food -- Bibliography and Author Index.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461333920
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Second edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- Nomenclature of multiple forms of enzymes. Numbering of isoenzymes -- 2 Techniques for the Separation of Isoenzymes -- Preparation of materials for isoenzyme separation. Electrophoretic techniques: general considerations; paper electrophoresis; starch-block electrophoresis; cellulose acetate electrophoresis; agar-gel electrophoresis; starch-gel electrophoresis; polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis; column electrophoresis; iso-electric focusing. Chromatographic techniques:ion-exchange celluloses. Gel filtration -- 3 Detection and Determination of Isoenzymes -- Elution techniques: NAD- and NADP-dependent dehydrogenases; esterases; peroxidases. Detection of isoenzymes in electrophoretic media: ‘enzymoelectrophoresis’; tetrazoliumstaining techniques; ‘nothing dehydrogenase’ effect; staining techniques for esterases -- 4 The Chemical Nature of Isoenzymes -- Sub-unit structure: lactate dehydrogenase; creatine kinase;aldolase; glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase; tryptophan synthetase; catalase; caeruloplasmin. Presence of charged groups in isoenzyme molecules: alkaline phosphatase. Polymerization as the source of enzyme heterogeneity: cholinesterases; amylase. Conformational isomerism: malate dehydrogenase. Differences in amino-acid sequence -- 5 Enzyme Multiplicity in the Glycolytic Pathway and the Pentose—Phosphate Cycle -- Hexokinase: detection of hexokinase after zone electrophoresis; hexokinase isoenzymes in the erythrocyte; hexokinase in other tissues. Phosphoglucomutase. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase: demonstration of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase heterogeneity; chemical structure and properties of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase; genetic variants of human erythrocytic glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase heterogeneity in other tissues. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: heterogeneity in human erythrocytes; 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in other species; structure of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. Phosphoglucose isomerase. Aldolase: classification of the aldolases;electrophoretic studies; fructose 1-phosphate aldolase. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. ?-Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase). Pyruvate kinase -- 6 Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes -- Distribution. Chemical and kinetic properties: substrate specificities and affinities; effect of pH variation; effects of inhibitors; reactions with coenzyme analogues; effect of temperature. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in developing tissues. Genetic variants of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. Diagnostic applications of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes:myocardial infarction; liver diseases; malignant diseases;diseases of muscle; diseases of joints: anaemia; pregnancy;renal diseases; non-electrophoretic diagnostic techniques:serum 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in diagnosis; relative heat-stability test; solvent-precipitation techniques; selective absorption techniques. Summary -- 7 Multiple Molecular Forms of Other Oxidoreductases -- Malate dehydrogenase: mitochondrial and supernatant malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes; biological significance of malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes; malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in mammalian tissues; malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in insect development; malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes of the chicken embryo. Isocitrate dehydrogenase: isocitrate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in heart and liver diseases. Glutamate dehydrogenase. Alcohol dehydrogenase: alcohol dehydrogenases of insects; avian alcohol dehydrogenases; alcohol dehydrogenases in mammalian liver; alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphism in plants. Xanthine dehydrogenase. Miscellaneous dehydrogenases -- 8 Aminotransferase (Transaminase) Isoenzymes -- Separation of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Properties of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Clinical applications of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes in developing tissues. Alanine aminotransferase -- 9 Phosphatase Isoenzymes -- Alkaline phosphatase: distribution, paper electrophoresis; starch-block electrophoresis; agar-gel electrophoresis; starchgel electrophoresis; acrylamide-gel electrophoresis; electrophoresis on Sephadex G-200; cellulose acetate electrophoresis; ion-exchange chromatography; properties of alkaline phosphatases; substrate affinities; effects of inhibitors; heat inactivation; effect of neuraminidase; summary of catalytic properties of tissue alkaline phosphatases; immunochemical reactions; genetic studies; alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in bacteria. Acid phosphatase; electrophoretic separation; chromatographic investigations; genetic variants of human acid phosphatases -- 10 Multiple Forms of Esterases -- Aliesterases: genetic variations of non-specific esterases; ontogenetic observations. Cholinesterases: plasma cholinesterases; genetic polymorphism of serum cholinesterases; Cholinesterase isoenzymes in other species. Arylesterases:serum arylesterases; tissue esterases. Esterases and isoenzymes -- 11 Miscellaneous Enzymes -- Arylamidase: arylamidase isoenzymes in man; arylamidases in other species. Alanine aminopeptidase. Creatine kinase: creatine kinase isoenzymes. Arginine kinase. Caeruloplasmin (copper oxidase). Catalase. Carbonic anhydrase. Amylase: serum and tissue amylases; urinary amylase; macroamylasaemia. Other enzymes occurring in multiple forms: glycogen Phosphorylase; adenylate kinase; adenosine deaminase; tyrosinase; ribonuclease; deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase; peroxidase; hyaluronate lyase (hyaluronidase); ?-glycosidases -- 12 The Biological Significance of Isoenzymes -- Author Index.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 IntroductionNomenclature of multiple forms of enzymes. Numbering of isoenzymes -- 2 Techniques for the Separation of Isoenzymes -- Preparation of materials for isoenzyme separation. Electrophoretic techniques: general considerations; paper electrophoresis; starch-block electrophoresis; cellulose acetate electrophoresis; agar-gel electrophoresis; starch-gel electrophoresis; polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis; column electrophoresis; iso-electric focusing. Chromatographic techniques:ion-exchange celluloses. Gel filtration -- 3 Detection and Determination of Isoenzymes -- Elution techniques: NAD- and NADP-dependent dehydrogenases; esterases; peroxidases. Detection of isoenzymes in electrophoretic media: ‘enzymoelectrophoresis’; tetrazoliumstaining techniques; ‘nothing dehydrogenase’ effect; staining techniques for esterases -- 4 The Chemical Nature of Isoenzymes -- Sub-unit structure: lactate dehydrogenase; creatine kinase;aldolase; glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase; tryptophan synthetase; catalase; caeruloplasmin. Presence of charged groups in isoenzyme molecules: alkaline phosphatase. Polymerization as the source of enzyme heterogeneity: cholinesterases; amylase. Conformational isomerism: malate dehydrogenase. Differences in amino-acid sequence -- 5 Enzyme Multiplicity in the Glycolytic Pathway and the Pentose-Phosphate Cycle -- Hexokinase: detection of hexokinase after zone electrophoresis; hexokinase isoenzymes in the erythrocyte; hexokinase in other tissues. Phosphoglucomutase. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase: demonstration of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase heterogeneity; chemical structure and properties of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase; genetic variants of human erythrocytic glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase heterogeneity in other tissues. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: heterogeneity in human erythrocytes; 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in other species; structure of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. Phosphoglucose isomerase. Aldolase: classification of the aldolases;electrophoretic studies; fructose 1-phosphate aldolase. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. ?-Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase). Pyruvate kinase -- 6 Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes -- Distribution. Chemical and kinetic properties: substrate specificities and affinities; effect of pH variation; effects of inhibitors; reactions with coenzyme analogues; effect of temperature. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in developing tissues. Genetic variants of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. Diagnostic applications of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes:myocardial infarction; liver diseases; malignant diseases;diseases of muscle; diseases of joints: anaemia; pregnancy;renal diseases; non-electrophoretic diagnostic techniques:serum 2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in diagnosis; relative heat-stability test; solvent-precipitation techniques; selective absorption techniques. Summary -- 7 Multiple Molecular Forms of Other Oxidoreductases -- Malate dehydrogenase: mitochondrial and supernatant malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes; biological significance of malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes; malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in mammalian tissues; malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in insect development; malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes of the chicken embryo. Isocitrate dehydrogenase: isocitrate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in heart and liver diseases. Glutamate dehydrogenase. Alcohol dehydrogenase: alcohol dehydrogenases of insects; avian alcohol dehydrogenases; alcohol dehydrogenases in mammalian liver; alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphism in plants. Xanthine dehydrogenase. Miscellaneous dehydrogenases -- 8 Aminotransferase (Transaminase) Isoenzymes -- Separation of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Properties of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Clinical applications of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes in developing tissues. Alanine aminotransferase -- 9 Phosphatase Isoenzymes -- Alkaline phosphatase: distribution, paper electrophoresis; starch-block electrophoresis; agar-gel electrophoresis; starchgel electrophoresis; acrylamide-gel electrophoresis; electrophoresis on Sephadex G-200; cellulose acetate electrophoresis; ion-exchange chromatography; properties of alkaline phosphatases; substrate affinities; effects of inhibitors; heat inactivation; effect of neuraminidase; summary of catalytic properties of tissue alkaline phosphatases; immunochemical reactions; genetic studies; alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in bacteria. Acid phosphatase; electrophoretic separation; chromatographic investigations; genetic variants of human acid phosphatases -- 10 Multiple Forms of Esterases -- Aliesterases: genetic variations of non-specific esterases; ontogenetic observations. Cholinesterases: plasma cholinesterases; genetic polymorphism of serum cholinesterases; Cholinesterase isoenzymes in other species. Arylesterases:serum arylesterases; tissue esterases. Esterases and isoenzymes -- 11 Miscellaneous Enzymes -- Arylamidase: arylamidase isoenzymes in man; arylamidases in other species. Alanine aminopeptidase. Creatine kinase: creatine kinase isoenzymes. Arginine kinase. Caeruloplasmin (copper oxidase). Catalase. Carbonic anhydrase. Amylase: serum and tissue amylases; urinary amylase; macroamylasaemia. Other enzymes occurring in multiple forms: glycogen Phosphorylase; adenylate kinase; adenosine deaminase; tyrosinase; ribonuclease; deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase; peroxidase; hyaluronate lyase (hyaluronidase); ?-glycosidases -- 12 The Biological Significance of Isoenzymes -- Author Index.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468407181
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Structural Aspects -- 1. Composition and Structure of Cell Membranes -- Kinetic Aspects -- 2. Transport in Homogeneous Liquid Phase -- 3. Passive Membrane Transport of Nonelectrolytes -- 4. Permeation of Ions and Water -- 5. Active and Coupled Uphill Transport -- 6. Kinetics of Tracer Exchange -- 7. Special Types of Transport -- Molecular Aspects -- 8. Molecular Basis of Transport -- Methodological Aspects -- 9. Incubation and Separation Techniques -- 10. Estimation of Solute Penetration -- 11. Interpretation of Transport Data -- 12. Bioelectrical Measurements -- 13. Volume Flow Measurements -- 14. Use of Artificial Membranes -- 15. Assay of Transport Proteins -- Comparative Aspects -- 16. Bacteria -- 17. Yeasts and Fungi -- 18. Algae and Higher Plants -- 19. Erythrocytes -- 20. Muscle -- 21. Nerve -- 22. Epithelial Layers of Anurans -- 23. Intestine -- 24. Kidney -- 25. Mitochondria -- 26. Tumor Cells.
    Abstract: It is not a particularly rewarding task to engage in writing a book on a subject which is undergoing a rapid and potentially revolutionary develop­ ment, but, on the other hand, the investigation of transport of substances into and out of cells has reached a stage of maturity or at least of self­ realization and this fact alone warrants a closer examination of the subject. No one will doubt at present that the movement-mostly by selective translocation-of substances, ranging from hydrogen ions to deoxyribo­ nucleic acids, across the cell-surrounding barriers represents one of the salient features of a living cell and that, if we are permitted to go so far, the cessation of the selective transport processes might be considered as the equivalent of cell death. Hardly anybody will question the premise that cell and tissue differentiation within the ontogenetic development of an organism is closely associated with properties of the outer cell face. Perhaps no serious scholar will attempt to refute the concept that mem­ branes with characteristic morphology and composition represent the ar­ chitectural framework for the whole cell. And probably no experienced biologist will raise objections to the belief that many physiological processes, like nervous impulse conduction and other electrical phenomena of cells and tissues or their volume changes, are associated with membrane-regulated shifts of ions and molecules.
    Description / Table of Contents: Structural Aspects1. Composition and Structure of Cell Membranes -- Kinetic Aspects -- 2. Transport in Homogeneous Liquid Phase -- 3. Passive Membrane Transport of Nonelectrolytes -- 4. Permeation of Ions and Water -- 5. Active and Coupled Uphill Transport -- 6. Kinetics of Tracer Exchange -- 7. Special Types of Transport -- Molecular Aspects -- 8. Molecular Basis of Transport -- Methodological Aspects -- 9. Incubation and Separation Techniques -- 10. Estimation of Solute Penetration -- 11. Interpretation of Transport Data -- 12. Bioelectrical Measurements -- 13. Volume Flow Measurements -- 14. Use of Artificial Membranes -- 15. Assay of Transport Proteins -- Comparative Aspects -- 16. Bacteria -- 17. Yeasts and Fungi -- 18. Algae and Higher Plants -- 19. Erythrocytes -- 20. Muscle -- 21. Nerve -- 22. Epithelial Layers of Anurans -- 23. Intestine -- 24. Kidney -- 25. Mitochondria -- 26. Tumor Cells.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9781475707250
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Use of a Microbalance for the Determination of the Mass of Oxygen Reacting during the Oxidation of Thin Films of Binary Alloys -- Static Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements on Small Solid Samples -- Measurements of Magnetic Thin-Film Parameters by the Use of an Automatic Microbalance -- Activation Energies of the Decomposition of Poly(methyl ?-phenylacrylate) from Static and Dynamic TGA. -- Apparatus for the Accurate Measurements of Magnetic Susceptibility with the Help of a Vacuum Electrobalance -- Reduction Characteristics of Certain Oxides of Nickel and Uranium -- A Temperature Error in the Gravimetric Determinations of Adsorption Isotherms -- Determination of the Diffusion Coefficient of Vapors by Means of a Microbalance -- Activation of Cellulose-Triacetate Carbon by Reaction with Carbon Dioxide: A Microgravimetric Study. -- Microweighing in Vacuo with the Aid of Vibrations of a Thin Band -- Some Uses of Wire-Suspended Microbalances -- Oxidation in Flow-Reaction Systems -- UHV Microbalance and Quartz Oscillator at Low Temperatures -- Dynamic Vacuum in Microbalance Chambers -- Methods for the Elimination of Weighing Troubles Due to Convection in a Microbalance -- Comments on the Applications and Improvement of a UHV Microbalance -- A New Microbalance Technique for Kinetic Studies of Gas — Metal Reactions at High Temperatures -- A Moving-Table Balance -- Fluctuations of the Weight Indicated by a Microbalance in the Pressure Range Between 1 and 103 torr with the Sample at a Lower Temperature than the Beam -- An Improved, Highly Sensitive, and Bakeable Microbalance System with a Built-In Calibration Device for Studying Condensation Phenomena Between ?128 and 70C in UHV -- Experimental Results and Theoretical Considerations on Thermogravimetric Decomposition Reactions of Chemical Compounds Under High Vacuum -- Author Index.
    Description / Table of Contents: Use of a Microbalance for the Determination of the Mass of Oxygen Reacting during the Oxidation of Thin Films of Binary AlloysStatic Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements on Small Solid Samples -- Measurements of Magnetic Thin-Film Parameters by the Use of an Automatic Microbalance -- Activation Energies of the Decomposition of Poly(methyl ?-phenylacrylate) from Static and Dynamic TGA. -- Apparatus for the Accurate Measurements of Magnetic Susceptibility with the Help of a Vacuum Electrobalance -- Reduction Characteristics of Certain Oxides of Nickel and Uranium -- A Temperature Error in the Gravimetric Determinations of Adsorption Isotherms -- Determination of the Diffusion Coefficient of Vapors by Means of a Microbalance -- Activation of Cellulose-Triacetate Carbon by Reaction with Carbon Dioxide: A Microgravimetric Study. -- Microweighing in Vacuo with the Aid of Vibrations of a Thin Band -- Some Uses of Wire-Suspended Microbalances -- Oxidation in Flow-Reaction Systems -- UHV Microbalance and Quartz Oscillator at Low Temperatures -- Dynamic Vacuum in Microbalance Chambers -- Methods for the Elimination of Weighing Troubles Due to Convection in a Microbalance -- Comments on the Applications and Improvement of a UHV Microbalance -- A New Microbalance Technique for Kinetic Studies of Gas - Metal Reactions at High Temperatures -- A Moving-Table Balance -- Fluctuations of the Weight Indicated by a Microbalance in the Pressure Range Between 1 and 103 torr with the Sample at a Lower Temperature than the Beam -- An Improved, Highly Sensitive, and Bakeable Microbalance System with a Built-In Calibration Device for Studying Condensation Phenomena Between ?128 and 70C in UHV -- Experimental Results and Theoretical Considerations on Thermogravimetric Decomposition Reactions of Chemical Compounds Under High Vacuum -- Author Index.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461582434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Pattern Recognition: Heuristics or Science? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Principal Directions in Pattern Recognition -- 3. Parametric Models of Signals -- 4. The Method of Permissible Transformations -- 5. Methods of Analyzing Complex Pictures -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- 2 Feature Compression -- 1. The Role of “Features” in Pattern Recognition -- 2. A Concrete Example of Feature Compression—Handwritten ZIP Code Reader -- 3. Discriminatory Feature Compression—SELFIC -- 4. Characteristic Feature Compression—CLAFIC -- 5. Implications of Subspace Model—Fuzzy Class -- References -- 3 Image Processing Principles and Techniques -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Filter Theory Applied to Images -- 3. Statistical Decision Theory -- 4. Adaptive Network Approaches -- 5. Image Features -- 6. Implementations: Staging -- 7. Implementations: Parallelism -- 8. Electrooptical Devices -- 9. Digital Computers -- 10. Optical Techniques -- 11. Comparison of Implementations -- 12. Conclusions -- References -- 4 Computer Graphics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Devices for Computer Graphics -- 3. Modes of Interactive Graphic Systems -- 4. Data Structures -- 5. Graphics Software -- 6. Graphic Languages -- 7. Conclusions -- Appendix 1. Choice of Equations for Generating a Circle -- Appendix 2. Method Given by Forrest for Parametrizing a Conic -- References -- 5 Logical Design of Optimal Digital Networks by Integer Programming -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Features of Logical Design by Integer Programming -- 3. Design of an Optimal Combinational Network with a Given Type of Gate by Integer Programming -- 4. Design of an Optimal Combinational Network with Building Blocks (or Composite Gates) by Integer Programming -- 5. Other Applications of the Integer Programming Logical Design Method -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References.
    Abstract: Information systems science embraces a broad spectrum of topics. It is vir­ tually impossible to provide comprehensive and in-depth discussion, other than simple recitals of recent results, of every important topic in each volume of this annual review series. Since we have chosen the former approach, each volume will only cover certain aspects of recent advances in this bur­ geoning field. The emphasis in this volume, the third of a continuing series, is focussed upon pattern recognition, pictorial information manipulation, and new approaches to logical design of information networks. In Chapter 1, V. A. Kovalevsky presents a tutorial survey of practical and theoretical developments in pattern recognition. He categorizes the basic developments in three different directions. The first direction is charac­ terized by an empirical treatment with highly specialized recognition schemes. In the second direction, the major efforts are centered upon the cre­ ation of learning systems capable of improving recognition performance on the basis of past experience. The majority of the work in the third direction is devoted to the study of the basic structure of complex patterns, the con­ struction of mathematical models for pattern recognition, and the analysis of complex pictorial representations. The author elucidates the "heuristics" approach and the "science" approach to pattern recognition problems. This chapter together with Chapter 2 of this volume supplements the chapter on Engineering Principles of Pattern Recognition in Volume 1 to provide a more complete treatment of this subject.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Pattern Recognition: Heuristics or Science?1. Introduction -- 2. Principal Directions in Pattern Recognition -- 3. Parametric Models of Signals -- 4. The Method of Permissible Transformations -- 5. Methods of Analyzing Complex Pictures -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- 2 Feature Compression -- 1. The Role of “Features” in Pattern Recognition -- 2. A Concrete Example of Feature Compression-Handwritten ZIP Code Reader -- 3. Discriminatory Feature Compression-SELFIC -- 4. Characteristic Feature Compression-CLAFIC -- 5. Implications of Subspace Model-Fuzzy Class -- References -- 3 Image Processing Principles and Techniques -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Filter Theory Applied to Images -- 3. Statistical Decision Theory -- 4. Adaptive Network Approaches -- 5. Image Features -- 6. Implementations: Staging -- 7. Implementations: Parallelism -- 8. Electrooptical Devices -- 9. Digital Computers -- 10. Optical Techniques -- 11. Comparison of Implementations -- 12. Conclusions -- References -- 4 Computer Graphics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Devices for Computer Graphics -- 3. Modes of Interactive Graphic Systems -- 4. Data Structures -- 5. Graphics Software -- 6. Graphic Languages -- 7. Conclusions -- Appendix 1. Choice of Equations for Generating a Circle -- Appendix 2. Method Given by Forrest for Parametrizing a Conic -- References -- 5 Logical Design of Optimal Digital Networks by Integer Programming -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Features of Logical Design by Integer Programming -- 3. Design of an Optimal Combinational Network with a Given Type of Gate by Integer Programming -- 4. Design of an Optimal Combinational Network with Building Blocks (or Composite Gates) by Integer Programming -- 5. Other Applications of the Integer Programming Logical Design Method -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9783642880841
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Springer Tracts in Natural Philosophy 20
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Astronomy. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Prologue -- One Theoretical Considerations -- I The Environment for Cosmic Structures -- II An Equilibrium Theory of Galactic Isopleths -- III Galactic Morphology and Scale -- Two Observational Considerations -- IV Observational Problems of Macroscale Discretization -- V Observational Evidence for Discretization Phenomena -- Appendix A. Curvature Conventions and Signs -- Appendix B. The Spherically Symmetric Case -- Appendix C. On Conformally Related Metric Spaces, One of which Admits an Irrotational Isometry -- 3. Lemma and Relations -- Appendix D. Analysis of the Complete Nonlinear Discretization Equation -- 1. Statement of the Problem -- 2. Conditions for Nontrivial Solutions -- 4. The First Approximation -- 5. The Second and Higher Order Approximations -- Author Index.
    Abstract: Theoretical researches in general relativity and observational data from galactic astronomy combine in this volume in contributions to one of the oldest questions of natural philosophy: Is the structure of the physical world more adequately described by a continuous or a discrete mode of representation? Since the days of the Pythagoreans, this question has surfaced from time to time in various guises in science as well as in philosophy. One of the most bitterly contested and illuminating controversies between the continuous and the discrete viewpoints is to be found in the wave versus corpuscular description of optical phenom­ enae. This controversy was not resolved to the satisfaction of most of its protaganists until the development of the quantum theory. However, several obscurities that still becloud the question suggest that some deeper formulation may be necessary before more satisfactory answers can be given 1. The firm establishment of the validity of quantized structure and discrete energy distributions on the atomic scale following the ideas of Max Planck, together with the apparent absence of quan­ tization effect in astronomical and cosmic structures leaves uncertainties concerning the role played by the scale of the observer in perceiving or not perceiving discrete distributions. Some of the metaphysical inter­ pretations and implications of the quantum mechanics that have been made in recent years 2 would be subject to revision if the existence of discretized descriptions were to be established in astronomical and cosmic structures.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9781468418453
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 615 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The Evaluation of Particulates Deposited in Flowing Non-isothermal Sodium Systems -- 2. Interaction Effects Between Dissimilar Metals in High Velocity Sodium at Temperatures up to 760°C. I. Mass transfer of Vanadium onto Type 321 Stainless Steel -- 3. Corrosion of Type 316 Stainless Steel with Surface Heat Flux in 1200°F Flowing Sodium -- 4. Sodium Corrosion of Westinghouse Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) Materials -- 5. The Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Oxygen-Contaminated Sodium at 1200 F and 1400 F -- 6. Evaluation of Materials-Compatibility Problems in the EBR-II Reactor -- 7. Radioactive Material Transport in Flowing Sodium Systems -- 1. The Effects of Exposure to Flowing Sodium on Vanadium Alloys in Stainless Steel Containment Systems -- 2. Application of Thermodynamic and Kinetic Parameters of the V-O-Na System to the Sodium Corrosion of Vanadium-Base Alloys -- 3. Corrosion of Oxygen Contaminated Tantalum in NaK -- 4. Penetration of Refractory Metals by Alkali Metals -- 5. Some Alkali Metal Corrosion Effects in a Rankine Cycle Test Loop -- 6. The Effects of Welding Atmosphere Purity on the Lithium Corrosion Resistance of Refractory Alloys -- 7. The Corrosion of Metals by Molten Lithium -- 1. Corrosion of Some Cobalt and Iron Base Alloys in Mercury -- 2. A 5000-Hour Test of a Eutectic Lead-Bismuth Circuit Constructed in Steel and Niobium -- 3. Diffusion Coatings Formed in Molten Calcium Systems. II. Variables in the System Ca-Cr-Fe -- 4. Corrosion Studies of Liquid Metal Heat Pipe Systems at 1000° to 1800°C -- 5. The Corrosive Action of Selenium Towards Various Materials in the Temperature Range 300 to 700°C -- 6. The Isothermal Corrosion (?+?) Ni-Sn Alloys in Pure Liquid Sn Component -- 7. An Anodic Treatment to Improve the Liquid Zinc Corrosion Resistance of Tantalum -- 1. Adsorption-Induced Embrittlement by Liquid Metals -- 2. Liquid Metal Embrittlement of Steel by Lead and Lead Alloys -- 3. Solid State Inhibition of the Liquid-Metal Embrittlement of Silver -- 4. Crack Initiation in the Zinc-Mercury Embrittlement Couple -- 5. The Grain Boundary Grooving of Iron in Liquid Sodium -- 6. The Solubilities of Several Transition Metals in Liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic -- 1. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions for Chromium and 304 Stainless Steel in Liquid Sodium -- 2. Solubility and Reactions of Oxygen in Sodium -- 3. Thermochemistry and Solution Chemistry in the Sodium-Oxygen-Hydrogen System -- 4. Measurements of the Solubility of Iron and Chromium in Sodium -- 5. The Segregation of Impurities and Particles in Sodium Systems -- 6. The Corrosion of and Mass Transfer of Pure Iron, Nickel, Chromium, and Cobalt in 660–760°C Sodium -- 7. Solubilities of Molybdenum, Tungsten, Vanadium, Titanium, and Zirconium in Liquid Potassium.
    Abstract: The Corrosion Resistant Metals Committee and the Nuclear Metallurgy Committee of the Institute of Metals Division of The Metallurgical Society of AlME sponsored a 2-1/2 day symposium on "Corrosion by Liquid Metals". The symposium was held in Philadelphia, October 13-15, 1969, during the 1969 Fall Meeting of the Metallurgical Society and the Materials Engineering Con­ gress of the American Society for Metals. Cosponsors included the American Society for Metals and the American Nuclear Society. The purpose of the symposium was to bring together the several aspects of the subject of corrosion by liquid metals, so that perspective could be provided on the entire subject, to help in­ dividuals dealing with liquid metal corrosion problems acquire a sound basis of understanding, and to provide an opportunity for discussion between those doing research in this field. An exposition of the subject is timely, in view of the in­ creasing development of liquid metal heat and power sources for special purposes, including heat-pipe systems, NASA's SNAP power systems, and the AEC's liquid metal fast breeder reactor system. This book contains the proceedings of the symposium divided into four separate topics: I. Corrosion of Steels by Sodium, II. Alkali-Refractory Metal Interactions, III. Corrosion by Non-Alkali Metals, and IV. Analysis of Solid-Liquid Metal Inter­ actions (two sessions).
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  • 19
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400956803
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 148 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Chapman & Hall Mathematics Series
    Series Statement: Chapman and Hall Mathematics Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Metric spaces -- 1. Basic theory -- 2. The theory of differentiable functions -- 3. Further topics -- Glossary of symbols.
    Abstract: This book contains a rigorous coverage of those topics (and only those topics) that, in the author's judgement, are suitable for inclusion in a first course on Complex Functions. Roughly speaking, these can be summarized as being the things that can be done with Cauchy's integral formula and the residue theorem. On the theoretical side, this includes the basic core of the theory of differentiable complex functions, a theory which is unsurpassed in Mathematics for its cohesion, elegance and wealth of surprises. On the practical side, it includes the computational applications of the residue theorem. Some prominence is given to the latter, because for the more sceptical student they provide the justification for inventing the complex numbers. Analytic continuation and Riemann surfaces form an essentially different chapter of Complex Analysis. A proper treatment is far too sophisticated for a first course, and they are therefore excluded. The aim has been to produce the simplest possible rigorous treatment of the topics discussed. For the programme outlined above, it is quite sufficient to prove Cauchy'S integral theorem for paths in star-shaped open sets, so this is done. No form of the Jordan curve theorem is used anywhere in the book.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475748932
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 182 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Liquid Refrigerants -- 2. Storage and Handling of Liquid Refrigerants -- 3. Liquefiers and Refrigerators -- 4. Room-Temperature Machinery -- 5. Helium Gas Recovery Systems -- 6. Instrumentation -- 7. Materials and Jointing Methods -- 8. Cryostat Dewars -- 9. Hazards.
    Abstract: This book is meant for laboratory workers who for one reason or another have a need to cool something down to temperatures below that of liquid nitrogen - notably to 4. 2°K and below. It does not deal with experimental techniques at low temperatures, but I have tried to bring the reader face to face with the brutishrealities of the necessary hardware. As weIl as giving information about sources of supply of equipment, I have gone into so me detail about how some of it can be made in laboratory workshops for the sake of those who are short of money but blessed with competent technical support. So far as highly specialized items such as liquefiers, refrigerators, refrigerant containers, cryostat dewars, etc. , are concerned, I have included aIl sources of supply which I have got to he ar of; in the case of more generaIly available equipment only representative sources of known reliability have been quoted. Any omissions or errors must be put down either to my own ignorance, stupidity, or lack of will toget about the world, or perhaps to the difficulty I have had in extracting information from manufacturers. However, most have gone to great trouble to help, and I hope I have done them justice. Brought up to work indifferently in inches and centimetres and perched between the opposing puIls of the USA and Europe, I have used a mixture of units which may shock the purist.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475706352
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 336 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: One Physical Principles and Experimental Methods of Investigation of the Biological Action of Electromagnetic Fields -- 1. Physical Characteristics of Electromagnetic Fields -- Chapter2. Natural and Artificial Sources of Electromagnetic Fields in the Habitats of Organisms -- 3. Electric Properties of the Tissues of Living Organisms -- 4. Physical Principles of the Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields with Biological Objects -- 5. Dosimetry of Electromagnetic Fields for the Assessment of Their Effects on Man and Animals -- Two Experimental Investigations of the Biological Action of Electromagnetic Fields -- 6. Irreversible and Permanent Effects of Electromagnetic Fields in Entire Organisms -- 7. Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Neurohumoral Regulation in Entire Organism -- 8. Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Reproduction and Development of Organisms -- 9. Effects of Electromagnetic Fields at the Cellular and Molecular Levels -- 10. Mechanisms of the Experimentally Observed Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields -- Three Role of Electromagnetic Fields in the Regulation of the Vital Activity of Organisms -- 11. Environmental Electromagnetic Fields and the Vital Activity of Organisms -- 12. Electromagnetic Fields within the Organism and Their Role in the Regulation of Vital Processes -- 13. Role of Electromagnetic Fields in Informational Interconnections between Organisms -- 14. Practical Applications -- Conclusion -- References.
    Abstract: A broad region of the electromagnetic spectrum long assumed to have no influence on living systems under natural conditions has been critically re-examinjld over the past decade. This spectral region extends from the superhigh radio frequencies, through de­ creasing frequencies, to and including essentially static electric and magnetic fields. The author of this monograph, A. S. Presman, has reviewed not only the extensive Russian literatur!;"l, but also al­ most equally comprehensively the non-Russian literature, dealing with biological influences of these fields. Treated also is literature shedding some light on possible theoretical foundations for these phenomena. A substantial, rapidly increaSing number of studies in many laboratories and countries has now clearly established bio­ logical influences which are independent of the theoretically pre­ dictable, simple thermal effects. Indeed many of the effects are produced by field strengths very close to those within the natural environment. The author has, even more importantly, set forth a novel, imaginative general hypothesis in which it is postulated that such electromagnetic fields normally serve as conveyors of information from the environment to the organism, within the organism, and among organisms. He postulates that in the course of evolution or­ ganisms have come to employ these fields in conjunction with the well-known sensory, nervous, and endocrine systems in effecting coordination and integration.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Pergamon Press
    ISBN: 9781483147710 , 1483147711 , 0080164005 , 9780080164007
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (255 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Horowitz, Irving Louis, 1929- compiler Sociological self-images
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sociologists ; Sociology ; Rolle ; Sozialwissenschaftler ; Sociology / United States / History ; Sociologists ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / General ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Regional Studies ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General ; Geschichte ; Sociology History ; Sociologists ; Sozialwissenschaftler ; Rolle ; USA ; Sozialwissenschaftler ; Rolle
    Abstract: Sociological Self-Images: A Collective Portrait is a collection of papers on the self-images of different sociologists regarding their work, their profession, and their contributions to the social sciences
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475799330
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 252 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Current Trends in Cryobiology -- 1 Effects of Low Temperatures on Microorganisms, Plants, and Cold-Blooded Animals -- 2 Preservation of Food -- 3 Freeze-Drying of Biological Materials: Some Physical and Engineering Aspects -- 4 Mechanisms of Injury and Protection in Living Cells and Tissues at Low Temperatures -- 5 Banking of Cells, Tissues, and Organs at Low Temperatures -- 6 Frostbite, Hypothermia, and Resuscitation after Freezing -- 7 Cryogenic Surgery -- Author Index.
    Abstract: During the past 20 years there have been amazing developments in low temperature physics, engineering, and biology. They form part of the very rapid post-war growth in pure and applied sciences of every kind. During this period several branches of biology including immunology, molecular biology and, of course, cryobiology, have split off from their parent disciplines. One result of this splintering has been the development of separate jargons used by the specialists and sometimes incomprehensible to those working in closely allied fields. The pure physicists, chemists, and the applied scientists, including physicians, surgeons, and pathologists, find the new jargons particularly baffling. We have attempted in this monograph to present to cryogenic engineers a picture of cryobiologists and their problems using as few strange technical words as possible. We hope that this book will help to bridge the gap which has already formed between them in spite of the opportunities for collaboration in many projects. We hope that it may also be useful to scientific research workers and postgraduate students of many kinds united only by curiosity about cryobiology. We are very much indebted to Dr. K. Mendelssohn, who insti­ gated us to produce a monograph and who reassured us that cryogenic engineers are as keen to understand the current trends in biology, and particularly in cryobiology, as we are to enlist their help. We have had much help in preparing this book.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489927088
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 281 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: The Life and Work of Andrei Borisovich Vistelius -- The Published Works of A. B. Vistelius -- I. Geologic Hypothesis and Probability Distributions -- Geochemical Behavior of Elements in the Lithosphere -- Generation of the Log-Normal Frequency Distribution in Sediments -- Correlation of Joint Trends with the Elements of Tectonic Structures -- II. Use of the Specific Properties of Multidimensional Space in Solving Geological Problems -- The Origin of Clastic Mineral Associations in the Aptian-Cenomanian Rocks of the Southwestern Ural and Mugodzhary Region -- On Locating Field Boundaries in Simple Phase Diagrams by Means of Discriminant Functions -- Two-Cluster Discrimination in Analytical Geochemistry using the Distance Coefficient -- III. Paragenetic Analysis -- Distribution of Percentage Values -- Niobium in Metagranites of the Polar Urals -- Linear Paragenetic Associations in Rocks and Minerals of the Ladoga Formation -- Processes of Magmatic Differentiation in Connection with Paragenetic Features among Rock-Forming Elements in Natural Glass -- IV. Analysis of Geologic Sections -- A Stochastic Model of Stratification (the Case of Unlimited Interstratal Erosion) -- The Vertical and Lateral Variation of a Carboniferous Limestone Area Near Sligo (Ireland) -- Use of a Harmonic Model for Analysis of the Dynamic System of Sedimentation in the Jatulian of Central Karelia -- Analysis of Sequences of Mineral Grains in Granites of the Kyzyltas Massif (Central Kazakhstan) as a Manifestation of the Markov Process -- Use of the Computer for Quantitative Analysis of Fossil Distribution -- V. Mapping Geological Characteristics -- Geometrical Properties of the Surface of the Alekseevka Uplift in the Kuibyshev District -- Sorting of Clastic Material in Eolian Deposits of Central Kara Kum -- VI. Various Geological Problems -- Heat Conduction Calculations on the Thermal History of Contact Aureoles -- Variance of Some Selected Attributes in Granitic Rocks -- The Role of Mathematical Statistics in Improved Ore Valuation Techniques in South African Gold Mines -- Fundamental Problems of Computing Reserves of Mineral Resources -- Visual Display of Computer Output Aids Geological Interpretation -- VII. Chronicle and Bibliography -- Trend Analysis of Geologic Data (Basic Literature) -- Mathematical Methods in Geology (Chronicle for the Period from September 1964 to September 1966).
    Abstract: Collections of this sort are a regular publication feature of the Laboratory of Mathemati­ cal Geology of the Order of Lenin V. A. Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Academy of Sci­ ences of the USSR. In the future it is intended that further collections and monographs reflect­ ing the activity of the Laboratory be issued. In this present collection, in addition to workers of the Laboratory of Mathematical Geology, specialists of both Russia and many foreign countries participated. This has permit­ ted us to display the general level of mathematization of geology in 1966. In order to enhance the overall view, the editors have included a section "Chronicle and Bibliography" in which in­ formation is given on the most important actions relating to mathematization of geology taking place in 1965 and the first half of 1966, and which includes a bibliography on two-dimensional regressions having great practical value in geology but little known to us in the Soviet Union.
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