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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of improving infrastructure quality on business costs : evidence from firm-level data (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (24 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Iimi, Atsushi Effects of improving infrastructure quality on business costs
    Keywords: Communities & Human Settlements ; Driving ; Elasticity ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure development ; Infrastructure investment ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Road ; Road quality ; Road sector ; Roads ; Town Water Supply and Sanitation ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transportation ; Transportation costs ; Urban Slums Upgrading ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Driving ; Elasticity ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure development ; Infrastructure investment ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Road ; Road quality ; Road sector ; Roads ; Town Water Supply and Sanitation ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transportation ; Transportation costs ; Urban Slums Upgrading ; Water Supply and Sanitation ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Driving ; Elasticity ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure development ; Infrastructure investment ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Road ; Road quality ; Road sector ; Roads ; Town Water Supply and Sanitation ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transportation ; Transportation costs ; Urban Slums Upgrading ; Water Supply and Sanitation
    Abstract: Economic development is affected by infrastructure services in both volume and quality terms. However, the quality of infrastructure is relatively difficult to measure and assess. The current paper, using firm-level data collected by a business environment assessment survey in 26 countries in Europe and Central Asia, estimates the marginal impacts on firm costs of infrastructure quality. The results suggest that the reliability or continuity of services is important for business performance. Firm costs significantly increase when electricity outages occur more frequently and the average outage duration becomes longer. Similarly, increased hours of water supply suspensions also reduce firms' competitiveness. In these countries, it is found that the total benefit for the economy from eliminating the existing electricity outages ranges from 0.5 to 6 percent of gross domestic product. If all water suspensions are removed, the economy could receive a gain of about 0.5 to 2 percent of gross domestic product. By contrast, the quality of telecommunications services seems to have no significant impact
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Procurement Efficiency For Infrastructure Development And Financial Needs Reassessed (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (44 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Estache, Antonio Procurement Efficiency For Infrastructure Development And Financial Needs Reassessed
    Keywords: Costs ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Em ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure development ; Infrastructure investment ; Infrastructure projects ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investments ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Road ; Roads ; Sanitation ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Costs ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Em ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure development ; Infrastructure investment ; Infrastructure projects ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investments ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Road ; Roads ; Sanitation ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Costs ; Debt Markets ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Em ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure development ; Infrastructure investment ; Infrastructure projects ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investments ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Economics and Finance ; Road ; Roads ; Sanitation ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning
    Abstract: Infrastructure is the engine for economic growth. The international donor community has spent about 70-100 billion U.S. dollars on infrastructure development in developing countries every year. However, it is arguable whether these financial resources are used efficiently, particularly whether the current infrastructure procurement prices are appropriate. Without doubt a key is competition to curb public procurement costs. This paper analyzes procurement data from multi and bilateral official development projects in three infrastructure sectors: roads, electricity, and water and sanitation. The findings show that the competition effect is underutilized. To take full advantage of competition, at least seven bidders are needed in the road and water sectors, while three may be enough in the power sector. The paper also shows that not only competition, but also auction design, especially lot division, is crucial for reducing unit costs of infrastructure. Based on the estimated efficient unit costs, the annual financial needs are estimated at approximately 360 billion U.S. dollars. By promoting competition, the developing world might be able to save at most 8.2 percent of total infrastructure development costs
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Institutions, Infrastructure, And Trade (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Francois, Joseph Institutions, Infrastructure, And Trade
    Keywords: Air ; Air Transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Development ; Roads ; Tax ; Taxes ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Training ; Trains ; Transp ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; Air ; Air Transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Development ; Roads ; Tax ; Taxes ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Training ; Trains ; Transp ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport and Trade Logistics ; Air ; Air Transport ; Common Carriers Industry ; Driving ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Free Trade ; Freight ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policies ; Private Sector Development ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Development ; Roads ; Tax ; Taxes ; Trade Law ; Trade Policy ; Training ; Trains ; Transp ; Transparency ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport and Trade Logistics
    Abstract: The authors examine the influence of infrastructure, institutional quality, colonial and geographic context, and trade preferences on the pattern of bilateral trade. They are interested in threshold effects, and so emphasize those cases where bilateral country pairs do not actually trade. The authors depart from the institutions and infrastructure literature in this respect, using selection-based gravity modeling of trade flows. They also depart from this literature by mixing principal components (to condense the institutional and infrastructure measures) with a focus on deviations in the resulting indexes from expected values for given income cohorts to control for multicollinearity. The authors work with a panel of 284,049 bilateral trade flows from 1988 to 2002. Matching bilateral trade and tariff data and controlling for tariff preferences, level of development, and standard distance measures, they find that infrastructure and institutional quality are significant determinants not only of export levels, but also of the likelihood exports will take place at all. Their results support the notion that export performance, and the propensity to take part in the trading system at all, depends on institutional quality and access to well-developed transport and communications infrastructure. Indeed, this dependence is far more important, empirically, than variations in tariffs in explaining sample variations in North-South trade
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What Is Missing Between Agricultural Growth And Infrastructure Development ? : Cases of Coffee And Dairy In Africa (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (36 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Iimi, Atsushi What Is Missing Between Agricultural Growth And Infrastructure Development ?
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Capital Investment ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Food and Beverage Industry ; Industry ; Infrastructure Development ; Infrastructures ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Road ; Roads ; Rural Infrastructure ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport Infrastructure ; Transport Network ; Transportation ; Agriculture ; Capital Investment ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Food and Beverage Industry ; Industry ; Infrastructure Development ; Infrastructures ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Road ; Roads ; Rural Infrastructure ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport Infrastructure ; Transport Network ; Transportation ; Agriculture ; Capital Investment ; Crops and Crop Management Systems ; Economic Theory and Research ; Food and Beverage Industry ; Industry ; Infrastructure Development ; Infrastructures ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Road ; Roads ; Rural Infrastructure ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport Infrastructure ; Transport Network ; Transportation
    Abstract: Although it is commonly believed that aggregate economic growth must be associated with public infrastructure stocks, the possible infrastructure needs and effects are different from industry to industry. The agriculture sector is typical. Various infrastructures would affect agriculture growth differently depending on the type of commodity. This paper finds that a general transport network is essential to promote coffee and cocoa production, perhaps along with irrigation facilities, depending on local rainfall. Conversely, along with the transport network, the dairy industry necessitates rural water supply services as well. In some African countries, a 1 percent improvement in these key aspects of infrastructure could raise GDP by about 0.1-0.4 percent, and by possibly by several percent in some cases
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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