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  • Online Resource  (144)
  • Kim, Jim Yong  (91)
  • Deininger, Klaus  (53)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (144)
  • Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
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  • Online Resource  (144)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Land Institutions to Address New Challenges in Africa: Implications for the World Bank's Land Policy
    Keywords: Communities and Human Settlements
    Abstract: Although land and associated property is a key part of national wealth and protecting rights to them is a key function of the state, Africa's formal land institutions often still operate on regulations that barely changed since colonial times, undermining public trust and leading to high levels of informality that make it difficult to underpin vibrant urban land and financial markets and control corruption, remove impediments to structural transformation posed by rural factor market imperfections to empower women, improve equity, and ensure sustainable management of public land. If an appropriate regulatory framework is in place, digital technology provides opportunities for African countries to broaden the range of rights that can be legally recognized, expand the type of contracts involving such rights that private parties and reduce associated enforcement costs, and provide local and global public goods. Institutions such as the World Bank can create momentum for reform through globally comparable monitoring and help harness these opportunities by focusing interventions on providing analytical support to establish the policy and institutional environment to (i) document and enforce rights at scale; (ii) regulate land markets to ensure competition and deliver public goods including price information, land use planning to coordinate investment and avoid externalities, and tax land value gains to support local public services; and (iii) reduce the transaction cost for private parties to enter and enforce contracts involving immovable property and the uses to which it is put
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Land and Mortgage Markets in Ukraine: Pre-War Performance, War Effects, and Implications for Recovery
    Keywords: Agricultural Land Sales ; Agricultural Production ; Communities and Human Settlements ; Conflict and Development ; Credit Market ; Determinates of Land Price ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Impact of War on Markets ; Land Governance Reform ; Land Market ; Post War Reconstruction
    Abstract: Almost throughout Ukraine's independent history, agricultural land sales were prohibited. Measures to allow them and make land governance more transparent in 2020/21 were expected to improve equity, investment, credit access, and decentralization. This paper draws on administrative data and satellite imagery to describe land market performance before and after the Russian invasion, assess changes in land use for transacted parcels, and analyze determinants of land prices. Agricultural land market volume soon exceeded that of residential land and continued at a reduced level and with prices some 15-20 percent lower even after the invasion, with little sign of speculative land acquisition. Mortgage market activity and credit access remained below expectations. The paper discusses reasons and options for addressing them in a way that also factors in the needs of post-war reconstruction
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Impact of the Russian Invasion on Ukrainian Farmers' Productivity, Rural Welfare, and Food Security
    Keywords: Agricultural Production ; Agriculture ; Armed Conflict Impact on Agriculture ; Conflict and Development ; Credit Markets ; Farm Profitability ; Food Security ; Post Conflict Reconstruction ; Post-Conflict Agricultural Reconstruction ; Rural Impact of War ; Rural Welfare
    Abstract: Data from 2,251 small and medium-size farms for 2021 and 2022 show that area reductions in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine remained limited. However, worsening terms of trade reduced farm profitability, implying that 46 percent of farms had a negative cash flow and 54 percent (67 percent in the 50-120 hectare group) were credit constrained in 2022, implying that longer term effects may be more adverse. Total factor productivity varies significantly across size groups but is not significantly different between formal and informal farms in the same size group. This suggests that limited transferability of land use rights that are disproportionately used by smaller farms may be one reason for low productivity. Improving transferability of land, digital access to markets, and mortgage lending could thus trigger investment and growth in higher value products by small and medium-size farms to solidify Ukraine's comparative advantage in agriculture and improve rural living conditions in the context of reconstruction
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus How Urban Land Titling and Registry Reform Affect Land and Credit Markets: Evidence from Lesotho
    Keywords: Communities and Human Settlements ; Credit Market ; Economic Development and Land Rights ; Equity ; Equity and Development ; Formal Land Market ; Gender ; Gender and Land Rights ; Land Administration ; Land Information Systems ; Land Rights ; Land Titling ; Law and Development ; Law and Equality ; Lesotho Land Administration Reform Project (LARP) ; Property Rights ; Systematic Land Registration ; Urban Land Policy Reform
    Abstract: Using spatial fixed effects and time-varying controls, this paper draws on complete registry data for 1981-2019, supplemented by satellite imagery, to analyze impacts of urban land titling for some 40,000 grid cells in Lesotho. Beyond confirming the short-term impacts on female co-ownership and investment, previously reported, the paper documents medium-term impacts on land sale and mortgage market activity and women's participation in these markets. Although titling was instrumental in ensuring the effectiveness of an earlier legal reform that allowed women to be co-owners of land, the credit and land market effects are due not to titling but to changes in policy to reduce the transaction cost of registering land that took effect just before titling started. Downward shifts in the time required to register transactions support this interpretation. The paper concludes by discussing what the evidence implies for design and evaluation of property registration programs
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Quantifying War-Induced Crop Losses in Ukraine in near Real Time to Strengthen Local and Global Food Security
    Keywords: Agricultural Production ; Agriculture ; Armed Conflict ; Conflict ; Conflict and Development ; Food Security ; Machine Learning ; War
    Abstract: This paper uses a 4-year panel (2019-2022) of 10,125 village councils in Ukraine to estimate direct and indirect effects of the war started by Russia on area and expected yield of winter crops. Satellite imagery is used to provide information on direct damage to agricultural fields; classify crop cover using machine learning; and compute the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for winter cereal fields as a proxy for yield. Without conflict, winter crop area would have been 9.14 rather than 8.38 mn. ha, a 0.75 mn. ha reduction, 86% of which is due to economy-wide effects. The estimated conflict-induced drop in NDVI for winter cereal, which is particularly pronounced for small farms, translates into a 15% yield reduction or an output loss of 4.2 million tons. Taking area and yield reduction together suggests a war-induced loss of winter crop output of 20% if the current winter crop can be harvested fully
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Ali, Daniel Ayalew Using Registry Data to Assess Gender-Differentiated Land and Credit Market Effects of Urban Land Policy Reform: Evidence from Lesotho
    Abstract: Since 2010, Lesotho has implemented legal and institutional changes to allow female land ownership, established a new land agency, reduced the cost of registering land, and carried out systematic urban land titling. Analysis using administrative data shows that these reforms triggered discontinuous and sustained changes in quality of service delivery, female land ownership, and registered land sales and mortgage volume. Land and credit market activation is, however, exclusively due to policy reforms. While (subsidized) systematic land registration allows women to access documented land rights, these effects may not be sustained without further regulatory change, highlighting the importance of reducing fees and streamlining processes to improve urban land and financial market functioning as a key precondition for Africa's expected wave of urbanization translating into productive cities and jobs
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Deininger, Klaus Investment Impacts of Gendered Land Rights in Customary Tenure Systems: Substantive and Methodological Insights from Malawi
    Abstract: Compared with the vast literature on the investment and productivity effects of land rights formalization, little attention has been paid to the impact of variation in individuals' tenure security under customary tenure regimes. This is a serious gap not only because most of Africa's rural land is held under informal arrangements, but also because gradual erosion of long-term rights by women and migrants is often an indication of traditional systems coming under stress. Using a unique survey experiment in Malawi, the analysis shows that (i) having long-term land rights of bequest and sale has a significant impact on investment and cash crop adoption; (ii) women's land rights of bequest and sale, joint with local institutional arrangements, can amplify the magnitude of such effects; and (iii) the effects found here can be obscured by measurement error associated with traditional approaches to survey data collection on land ownership and rights
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Ali, Daniel Ayalew Does Title Increase Large Farm Productivity? Institutional Determinants of Large Land-Based Investments' Performance in Zambia
    Abstract: Despite accounts of increasing large farm penetration in Africa and an active debate on the differential potential of smallholder versus large farms to satisfy Africa's food requirements, evidence on the extent and performance of different farm types remains limited. A census and subsequent representative survey of 3,000 large farms in Zambia, one of the African countries with the highest share of large farms, allows characterizing the impact of institutional arrangements on large farms' establishment and productive performance. While policies rather than exogenous price shocks seem to have driven large farm expansion, average productivity is not different from small farms and title has no impact on productivity, investment, or credit access, most likely because the transferability of titles remains limited, undermining the suitability of such land as collateral. Significant effects of title on self-reported land prices point toward land being acquired for speculative purposes, suggesting that a tax on titled land, together with improved land service delivery might be a desirable policy option
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed reducing poverty by using a three-pillar strategy. First, drive inclusive, sustainable economic growth by crowding in private sector investment, help countries manage debt levels, and harness the power of technology like FinTech. Second, build resilience to shocks and threats by taking urgent action on climate change, and help countries share the risks of disasters with the capital markets. Third, help countries invest more, and more effectively in their people to prepare for what is certain to be a more digitally-demanding future. He spoke in length about Human Capital Index
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, said that this is a fundamental moral issue. The fact that tens of millions of people are at risk of starving to death is a tragedy. And in the 21st century, the fact that we haven't ended famine is a collective failure of shameful proportions. It's also a critical economic issue. From a human capital standpoint, famines raise child mortality, increase stunting, and impair cognitive development for children in utero at the time of the famine and of the children who survive. First, early warning must translate into early action. Investing in more proactive responses to avert humanitarian crises could save millions of lives, and it can also reduce the costs to the international community by as much as 30 percent. Second, we need sustained collective action, before, during, and after crises. Third, we need to work to develop more comprehensive approaches to famine prevention, preparedness, and early action
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed a few items that are on the agenda for at these meetings. He launched the latest edition of our Global Findex financial inclusion database, which tracks how people use financial services. The World Bank Group is dedicated to ending poverty wherever it exists in client countries. He mentioned two specific initiatives to support that effort: first, a significant of new financial innovation; and second, to review all possible options to enhance IBRD and IFC's financial capacity and develop a package of measures for governors' consideration. He believes a good case for how a stronger World Bank Group can meet the aspirations of shareholders, respond to global challenges, mobilize capital at scale, and make the institution even more efficient and effective
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, spoke about how before 1800 everybody was poor and lived in poverty. He referred to the young people now who may not own a smart phone, but who have access to smart phones. By 2025, as many analysts are saying, the entire world will have access to broadband. He examined three ways to end extreme poverty, that is, people living under 1.90 US dollars a day, by 2030. First, focus on inclusive, sustainable economic growth. Second, focus on fostering resilience to pandemics, climate change, refugees, fragility, conflict, and violence. Third, invest more and more effectively in people
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, spoke about the following: i) understand China's journey and get the historical record right; ii) understand China's past reforms, because they are important for future reforms; iii) understanding China's reforms is increasingly important for the rest of the world; iv) china's reform and opening up program, which was the foundation for the rapid growth that allowed people to lift themselves out of poverty; v) a focused and sustained effort targeted at poverty reduction throughout the reform period
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Assessing Effects of Large-Scale Land Transfers: Challenges and Opportunities in Malawi's Estate Sector
    Abstract: This study uses data from the complete computerization of agricultural leases in Malawi, a georeferenced farm survey, and satellite imagery to document the opportunities and challenges of land-based investment in novel ways. Although 1.5 million hectares, or 25 percent, of Malawi's agricultural area is under agricultural estates, analysis shows that 70 percent has expired leases and 140,000 hectares are subject to overlapping claims. This reduces revenue from ground rent by up to US
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 15
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ali, Daniel Personality Traits, Technology Adoption, and Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Smallholder Rice Farms in Ghana
    Abstract: Although a large literature highlights the impact of personality traits on key labor market outcomes, evidence of their impact on agricultural production decisions remains limited. Data from 1,200 Ghanaian rice farmers suggest that noncognitive skills (polychronicity, work centrality, and optimism) significantly affect simple adoption decisions, returns from adoption, and technical efficiency in rice production, and that the size of the estimated impacts exceeds that of traditional human capital measures. Greater focus on personality traits relative to cognitive skills may help accelerate innovation diffusion in the short term, and help farmers to respond flexibly to new opportunities and risks in the longer term
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Gender-Differentiated Impacts of Tenure Insecurity on Agricultural Performance in Malawi's Customary Tenure Systems
    Abstract: Many African countries rely on sporadic land transfers from customary to statutory domains to attract investment and improve agricultural performance. Data from 15,000 smallholders and 800 estates in Malawi allow exploring the long-term effects of such a strategy. The results suggest that (i) most estates are less productive than smallholders; (ii) fear of land loss, although not exclusively due to estates, is associated with a 12 percent productivity loss for females, which is large enough to finance a low-cost tenure regularization program; and (iii) failure to collect realistic land rents implies public revenue losses of up to US
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, emphasized that the Group sees advancement of women as critical to achieving the ending of extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. He discussed the need to overcome constraints faced by women. He discussed a variety of World Bank Group projects helping women entrepreneurs as well as raising women's labor force participation and productivity
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group (WBG), offered several strategic considerations for China. First, for the foreseeable future, removing distortions and accelerating diffusion will remain major sources of growth. Getting the basics right - structural reforms in key markets, further improving the broader business environment, ensuring fair competition, and investing in broad-based skills of the labor force - should help drive growth. Second, China should consider how to balance industrial policies with the notion of the third plenum, that the market should play a decisive role in resource allocation. Third, like other countries, China needs to prepare for how technological change will impact the labor force. He concluded by saying that China's leadership has been critical to promoting an open, competitive global economy
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, spoke about the forces in the world that are making us fundamentally rethink the approach to development at the World Bank Group. He described three paths. The first path is to accelerate inclusive and sustainable economic growth, by laying the foundations for more effective public services, by improving governance and tackling corruption, by accelerating infrastructure investment, by lowering real and perceived risks for private investment, by making trade work for everyone, and by creating markets to bring the benefits of private sector rigor and innovation to developing countries. The second path is to invest more, and more effectively in people; the premium on human capital will get higher and higher every year. The demands for digital competency are accelerating. Investing in human development must start early - by ensuring that pregnant women have access to prenatal healthcare, including the right nutrition; by preventing malnutrition in children, so they can develop properly; by ensuring access to quality health care for all; by providing education that prepares students for the jobs of the future; and by building social safety nets that meaningfully protect the poor. The third path is to foster resilience to global shocks and threats. We're living in a time of multiple overlapping crises: pandemics, climate change, refugees, famine. It is critically important to help countries prepare for these crises
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group (WBG), spoke about how famine can affect children, their health, and their ability to learn and to earn a living, which can hinder development progress for a generation. He reported on the Famine Response Package. He noted important lessons learned through these interventions. First, expanding new partnerships is important to deliver in challenging environments. Second, flexibility is key to adapting to emerging needs. Third, with protracted and recurrent crises as the new normal, more has to be done to ensure that the information, systems, and processes to help countries cope are in place, and to find new solutions through innovative partnerships including the private sector
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed building new foundations of human solidarity, at a time when those foundations are questioned and even under attack. Peace and stability are critical to our efforts to grow economies and help people lift themselves out of poverty. He reviewed the work of the World Bank Group, especially over the past three decades, and outlined the pillars of the current strategy: accelerating inclusive, sustainable economic growth, building resilience to overlapping shocks and crises, and investing more and more effectively in people
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: At this high-level roundtable, Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, suggested three actions at the outset. First, in the wake of disasters like Irma and Maria we should channel resources quickly, flexibly, efficiently, and ensure that they reach those most adversely affected. Second, we need to make sure that we use all existing instruments and knowledge to help build resilience. Third, we need to think creatively and come up with innovative solutions to compounded challenges of the Caribbean: high vulnerability, low growth, and high debt. This could include designing debt for resilience initiatives, mobilizing innovative risk financing tools to better manage fiscal risks related to disorders, and mobilizing private sector participation in working out solutions
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed the following topics: 1) actions needed to grow the economies and compete in what will be a more complex, demanding, and digitized future; 2) three ways to end extreme poverty by 2030, and boost shared prosperity among the poorest 40 percent around the world: a) accelerating inclusive, sustainable economic growth, b) building resilience to shocks and threats, and c) investing more and more effectively in people
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, answered media questions at the 2017 Spring Meetings Press Conference 2017. He discuss the global economy. He mentioned that the bank faces several overlapping crises, both natural and man-made, all of which add urgency to the mission. He estimated that two-thirds of all jobs that currently exist in developing countries will be wiped out by automation. He seeks new and innovative ways to reach the poor, and make the world more secure and stable. He starts to address a problem by by asking whether the private sector can finance a project
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group (WBG), spoke about how the global economy as a whole is in a period of strengthening growth, and this momentum in growth is driven by global manufacturing activity and trade, broadly stable financing conditions, and stabilized commodity prices. Escalating trade protectionism in major economies threatens to derail the rebound in global trade. He explained the severe consequences, especially for emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) that rely on trade for growth and development. He insisted on the need to maximize financing for development by leveraging the private sector and optimizing the use of scarce public resources. He spoke about the development of the joint principles for crowding in private sector finance. Crowding in private finance should free up public funds to invest more in people. He concluded by saying that WBG can make the global market system work for everyone through sustainable development, including inclusive economic growth, investing in people, and building resilience to shocks and threats
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  • 26
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: The Malawi Economic Monitor (MEM) provides an analysis of economic and structural development issues in Malawi. The aim of the publication is to foster better-informed policy analysis and debate regarding the key challenges that Malawi faces in its endeavor to achieve high rates of stable, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth. Malawi's economy is primarily based on agriculture and heavily reliant on its land resources to achieve social and economic development. The recently promulgated land acts have the potential to create multiple economic and social benefits for Malawi's citizens by improving investor confidence in the business environment, reducing the cost of documenting rights, supporting decentralization, improving land use planning, and protecting vulnerable groups' land rights and livelihoods. The effective implementation of these critical land reforms will ultimately facilitate the attainment of inclusive growth, boost productivity, and generate additional revenue for the government. The MEM consists of two parts: part one presents a review of recent economic developments and a macroeconomic outlook. Part two focuses on a special selected topic relevant to Malawi's development prospects
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, is inspired by Belt and Road Initiative, which will improve trade, infrastructure, investment, and people-to-people connectivity - not just across borders, but on a trans-continental scale. It has the potential to lower trade costs, increase competitiveness, improve infrastructure, and provide greater connectivity for Asia and its neighboring regions. To ensure the Belt and Road Initiative's success, we need to remember these things: First, because of the Initiative's sheer size, the estimated investment needs will be large. Second, individual countries are at different stages of development, with varying capabilities, constraints, and risk profiles. They will need support mechanisms to define and meet consistent, satisfactory standards. Third, the benefits of the Belt and Road Initiative are broader than one project or one country. Projects will require innovative financing mechanisms - a mix of public and concessional finance and commercial capital. Finally, our decades of experience with large infrastructure projects suggest that project preparation and appropriate risk allocation will be critical for success
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, explained that the MENA Concessional Financing Facility, an innovative approach to addressing the Syrian refugee crisis, has been re-envisioned as a Global Facility to address displacement crises in any middle-income country in the world. He spoke about the importance of education, as the key for economic growth, competitiveness, and social cohesion. It is also the foundation for innovation and development, and opens the way for lifelong opportunities, which are essential for long-term peace and stability. In our rapidly changing world, the nexus of business, government, and education will be critical to build thriving societies. Countries can channel policy, markets, and learning into growth and prosperity for their people
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  • 29
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Can Labor Market Imperfections Explain Changes in the Inverse Farm Size-Productivity Relationship? Longitudinal Evidence from Rural India
    Abstract: A large national farm panel from India covering a quarter century (1982, 1999, and 2008) is used to show that the inverse farm size-yield relationship weakened significantly over time, despite an increase in the dispersion of farm sizes. Key reasons are substitution of capital for labor in response to nonagricultural labor demand. Family labor was more efficient than hired labor in 1982-99, but not in 1999-2008. In line with labor market imperfections as a key factor, separability of labor supply and demand decisions cannot be rejected in the second period, except in villages with very low nonagricultural labor demand
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ali, Daniel Large Farm Establishment, Smallholder Productivity, Labor Market Participation, and Resilience : Evidence from Ethiopia
    Abstract: Although the nature and magnitude of (positive or negative) spillovers from large farm establishment are hotly debated, most evidence relies on case studies. Ethiopia's large farms census together with 11 years of nation-wide smallholder surveys allows examination and quantification of spillovers using intertemporal changes in smallholders' proximity and exposure to large farms, generally or growing the same crop, for identification. The results suggest positive spillovers on fertilizer and improved seed use, yields, and risk coping, but not local job creation, for some crops, most notably maize. Most spillovers are crop-specific and limited to large farms' immediate vicinity. The implications for policy and research are drawn out
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ali, Daniel Ayalew Using Administrative Data to Assess the Impact and Sustainability of Rwanda's Land Tenure Regularization
    Abstract: Rwanda's completion, in 2012/13, of a land tenure regularization program covering the entire country allows the use of administrative data to describe initial performance and combine the data with household surveys to quantify to what extent and why subsequent transfers remain informal, and how to address this. In 2014/15, annual volumes of registered sales ranged between 5.6 percent for residential land in Kigali and 0.1 percent for agricultural land in the rest of the country; and US
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Short-Term Effects of India's Employment Guarantee Program on Labor Markets and Agricultural Productivity
    Abstract: This paper uses a large national household panel from 1999/2000 and 2007/08 to analyze the short-term effects of India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme on wages, labor supply, agricultural labor use, and productivity. The scheme prompted a 10-point wage increase and higher labor supply to nonagricultural casual work and agricultural self-employment. Program-induced drops in hired labor demand were more than outweighed by more intensive use of family labor, machinery, fertilizer, and diversification to crops with higher risk-return profiles, especially by small farmers. Although the aggregate productivity effects were modest, total employment generated by the program (but not employment in irrigation-related activities) significantly increased productivity, suggesting alleviation of liquidity constraints and implicit insurance provision rather than quality of works undertaken as a main channel for program-induced productivity effects
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 33
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses strategies to address inequality that even the poorest nations can adopt, whether through conditional cash transfers, connecting farmers to markets or rural electrification. The lesson is that inequality is not an unsolvable mystery. Pro-equality policies are not luxury goods and can work in any country. Economic growth must be more robust and more inclusive and human capital investments have to grow in size and effectiveness
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank, noted that African countries face key policy challenges including adjusting to a new era of low commodity prices, increasing economic vulnerabilities and the challenge of finding new sources of growth. He feels better at leveraging funds from development partners, stopping illicit financial flows and helping countries mobilize more money domestically. African countries can dramatically increase the flow of private capital to fund infrastructure projects. The World Bank Group is working with African countries and development partners to implement the African Climate business plan which is a comprehensive program and investments totaling USD 19.3 billion between 2016 and 2020. Ending stunting everywhere but especially here in Africa is an urgent mission. Universal health care is a critical element to achieve that. Kim called for massive investment, public and private, in infrastructure and universal health coverage for all of Africa
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  • 35
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim , World Bank Group President, spoke about how United Nations and the World Bank Group have made significant progress in working together to help the poor and the vulnerable. He discussed increasing the impact of humanitarian action in the face of new threats, such as climate change, pandemics and an unprecedented refugee crisis. He suggested three ways in which the World Bank Group and all the multilateral development banks can work together, especially in protracted humanitarian responses: First, produce new data and evidence to promote a risk-based approach, prevent crises and respond to the needs of refugees and host countries; Second, embrace the power of leveraging public funds for greater impact; Third, explore tying this funding to specific outcomes in addressing protracted humanitarian crises
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  • 36
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, spoke about how corruption poses an enormous obstacle to economic and social development, and the global goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030. He defined corruption as stealing from the poor. The Bank that has zero tolerance for corruption, has opened itself to scrutiny, and is influencing governments and the private sector to take wide-ranging steps to prevent corruption. He gave few inputs on a new agenda that draws on citizens' demands for transparency and accountability, an agenda that draws on all partners and available tools as follows: First, we must continue to push for more information and greater transparency involving public funds; Second, we must use innovation and technology to drive change around the world. Third, we must do more to get citizens and the private sector involved; And finally, successful anti-corruption efforts must feature a broad coalition of leaders both inside and outside of government, working together. He saluted and strongly supported Prime Minister Cameron's call for a coordinated global effort to fight corruption
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  • 37
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank, discussed the partnership to promote development, investment, and multilateral cooperation in Africa. There are ample opportunities to accelerate growth, productivity, and Africa's economic transformation. He pointed to four key things: first, close the large gap in infrastructure -- in roads, energy, water, sanitation, broadband, and transport; second, make agriculture more productive; third, improve the fundamentals needed to accelerate industrialization; and fourth, invest in people - in health and education - which is increasingly vital in the digital age. He believe the partnership will continue, and this relationship will help millions of people lift themselves out of poverty and realize opportunities for a better life
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  • 38
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, noted that even in the face of substantial challenges, democracy is taking root in Iraq. He believes that Iraq's success can bring stability and prosperity to hundreds of millions of people. He discussed three critical steps that Iraq must continue to build the foundations of an inclusive society. First, look beyond the traditional social, cultural, and geographic boundaries in Iraq. Empower all its regions, and give more capacity to local government, all the way to the municipal level. Second, Iraq needs to diversify its economy. Third, Iraq needs to put its economic house in order, reducing waste of precious resources, strengthening accountability, and undertaking important, necessary reforms. In the energy sector, for example, reforms must address subsidies which contribute to chronic and pervasive shortages of electricity. He concluded by saying that through war, violence and strife, the Iraqi people have shown the world the meaning of resistance, resilience, courage, and nobility
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  • 39
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, stated that the World Bank Group is approaching the issue in four new ways. First, the Bank is responding to the realization that we need much better data and analysis about refugees, migrants, and internally displaced people. Second, with partners, the Bank is developing warning systems to anticipate where people will be moving. Third, the Bank is working during crises to help host countries improve the business climate and use the private sector as a driver to stimulate economic growth. Finally, the Bank is looking for longer-term solutions in many countries, including Afghanistan, Kenya, and Somalia, on issues ranging from increasing agricultural productivity in areas hosting refugees to helping refugees return to their countries. He urged a strengthen engagement with the United Nations, other multilateral development banks, the private sector, and civil society to address the needs of so many millions of displaced people
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  • 40
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed early childhood development, which covers the physical, cognitive, linguistic, and socio-emotional development of children, starting before birth until they enter primary school
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  • 41
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, spoke about the complex and vexing challenges which the world faces today. He explained how the major issues that evolve in a developing country now swiftly move to affect developed countries. He discussed three points to tackle at the global level. First, address the challenge of global threats that cross boundaries and regions will become ever more central to achieving the mission to end extreme poverty. Second, focus much more effectively on managing risk and uncertainty. Third, much more must be done to address the deep pockets of poverty and rising inequality in countries at every income level
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  • 42
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, notes that Bangladesh offers us many lessons in ending extreme poverty, and one of the most important is that innovation plays a critical role. Bangladesh recognized decades ago that empowering women is essential to ending extreme poverty. Leaders arrived at the logical conclusion that countries can never reach their full economic potential if half the population is not fully participating. The World Bank Group is looking forward to working with Bangladesh to promote private sector investment by strengthening governance and improving the investment climate. Now, foreign direct investment is less than 1.7 percent of GDP in Bangladesh, far below that of most countries; foreign direct investment in Vietnam, for instance, was 6.1 percent of GDP. Strengthening governance will help lead to more jobs in infrastructure, diversify exports, and ensure the health and safety of workers. Bangladesh has shown the world that a long list of hardships can be overcome. In fact, its people have shown that innovation, commitment, setting goals, and visionary leadership can accomplish feats that few dared imagine. Bangladesh can continue to build on this record and can end extreme poverty by 2030 and boost shared prosperity
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  • 43
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank, argues that investing in universal health coverage (UHC) is an investment in the future. He mentioned three: First, UHC confronts poverty head on by protecting people from major disease outbreaks and from catastrophic health expenses; Second, UHC accelerates inclusive growth; and Third, UHC stimulates the health sector and creates jobs. The Bank is working with partners to identify the best ways to scale up interventions to improve nutrition and early child development, and to eliminate childhood stunting. He welcomes the government of Japan's decision to support the annual production of the World Bank and World Health Organization global monitoring report on universal health coverage, with a strong focus on Africa
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  • 44
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, addressed the topic of trade as an engine of growth. Advanced markets are experiencing low growth and in emerging markets, growth rates have fallen by almost 1 percentage point since 2013. This is not just about numbers, these economic developments are limiting opportunities for billions of people around the world, and making it harder to achieve the goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030. One of the drivers of this low growth pattern is the decrease in trade growth. Global trade has slowed from an average yearly growth of 7 percent before the financial crisis to less than 3 percent today. Projections for 2016 indicate an even further slowdown. All this comes at a time when we need more cooperation, greater economic integration and stronger partnerships than ever before for the world economy to continue to grow in a sustainable way. We must respond with a push for lower trade costs, support for multilateral trade negotiations, resist protectionism, and support trade policy reform and greater global trade integration
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  • 45
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed the following topics: new structure of global practices; Swachh Bharat Rural Sanitation Project in India, which applied knowledge of good service delivery; creation of pandemic emergency financing facility; recently announced global concessional financing facility, a new effort to address refugee crises by providing concessional development financing for middle-income countries; and working towards ending poverty and boost shared prosperity
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  • 46
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed the need to tackle climate change. What we need to do now is build unprecedented political action to fulfill the promises. He mentioned that climate volatility in places like the Sahel in Africa contribute to instability and fragility. He noted how renewable energy is replacing coal. He outlined the main principles of a plan to transform the world's transport systems-calling it "sustainable mobility for all." He harkened the need for "fierce urgency of now"
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  • 47
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, remarked that for more than 60 years, the World Bank Group has been working with governments in developing counties to reduce poverty and promote human dignity. Good governance is the foundation for all development. Delivering quality public services and creating conditions that encourage businesses to create jobs are fundamental to building opportunity and prosperity for all. The global landscape suggests that reaching these objectives won't be easy. Economic growth, the most powerful poverty reduction force the world has ever known, is slowing globally. Many emerging markets are suffering sharp reductions in growth because of declining demand from China and lower commodity prices. Warmer temperatures potentially linked to climate change made 2015 the hottest year in history; and the most powerful El Nino on record is affecting the lives and livelihoods of billions across the globe. Many parts of the world are becoming more fragile, making quality leadership and good governance ever more important
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  • 48
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed the vision of a world free of poverty by 2030, resolving to boost the prosperity of the bottom 40 percent of the population in developing countries. Addressing the root causes of conflict and insecurity is a core priority of the World Bank Group. He raised six questions and challenges. First, fragility is no longer mostly limited to low-income states. Second, weak states have great difficulty delivering services to their citizens. Third, development and humanitarian groups have long worked separately. Fourth, refugees are no longer largely living in camps. Fifth, we now know that we will not have enough ODA - official development assistance - to pay for helping communities and refugees. Sixth, we don't know enough about the refugees themselves
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  • 49
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank, spoke about economic challenges requiring a new approach. Growth forecasts are modest and risks are increasing. The reform agenda includes fiscal and monetary policies to support demand, more investment in infrastructure, further integration in the world economy, structural reforms in labor markets, the financial sector, and the business climate to better allocate resource, and investment in innovation systems to accelerate technical change. One key drivers of discontent is rising inequality. The productivity slowdown and rising inequality are related. The challenge is to create wealth with reasonably equal distribution to sustain the momentum for reform. This will require active labor market policies and retraining. We will need infrastructure that connects people. We need to invest more in people. Concessional finance can provide the leverage for these reforms. We need to commit to creating a world in which truly there is equality of opportunity
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  • 50
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed briefly the history of the Paris climate agreement. Infrastructure investment expected over the next 15 years. Most of this will be in developing countries. Making sure these investments are low-carbon and climate-resilient will be important. He sees five big focus areas: 1) bake climate ambition into development planning; 2) ramp up energy efficient appliances while phasing down hydrofluorocarbons; 3) most urgently, slow down growth of coal-fired power plants; 4) make finance greener-assessing climate risks and opportunities; 5) accelerate action to reduce carbon emissions
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ali, Daniel Ayalew Pronatal Property Rights over Land and Fertility Outcomes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Ethiopia
    Abstract: This study exploits a natural experiment to investigate the impact of land reform on the fertility outcomes of households in rural Ethiopia. Public policies and customs created a situation where Ethiopian households could influence their usufruct rights to land via a demographic expansion of the family. The study evaluates the impact of the abolishment of these pronatal property rights on fertility outcomes. By matching aggregated census data before and after the reform with administrative data on the reform, a difference-in-differences approach between reform and non-reform districts is used to assess the impact of the reform on fertility outcomes. The impact appears to be large. The study estimates that women in rural areas reduced their life-time fertility by 1.2 children due to the reform. Robustness checks show that the impact estimates are not biased by spillovers or policy endogeneity
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Quantifying Spillover Effects from Large Farm Establishments: The Case of Mozambique
    Abstract: Almost a decade after large land-based investment for agriculture increased sharply, opinions on its impact continue to diverge, partly because (positive or negative) spillovers on neighboring smallholders have never been rigorously assessed. Applying methods from the urban literature on Mozambican data suggests that changes in the number and area of large farms within 25 or 50 kilometers of these investments raised use of improved practices, animal traction, and inputs by small farmers without increasing cultivated area or participation in output, credit, and nonfarm labor markets; or, once these factors are controlled for, yields. The limited scope and modest size of the estimated benefits point toward considerable unrealized potential. The paper discusses ways to systematically explore the size of such potential and the extent to which it is realized
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ali, Daniel Using National Statistics to Increase Transparency of Large Land Acquisition: Evidence from Ethiopia
    Abstract: The 2007/08 commodity price boom triggered a 'rush' for land in developing countries. Yet, many affected countries lacked the regulatory infrastructure to cope with such demand and reliable data on investors' performance. This study uses the example of Ethiopia to show how simple improvements in administrative data collection can help to address this by (i) allowing assessment of the productivity of land use and taking measures to increase it; (ii) comparing productivity between large and small farms to identify spillovers and ways to improve these; and (iii) setting in motion a process of continuing improvement. Implications for global investment in this area are drawn out
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Smallholders' Land Ownership and Access in Sub-Saharan Africa: A New Landscape?
    Abstract: Communities & Human Settlements
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ali, Daniel Ayalew Costs and Benefits of Land Fragmentation: Evidence from Rwanda
    Abstract: Rural Development
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ali, Daniel Investigating the Gender Gap in Agricultural Productivity
    Abstract: Women comprise 50 percent of the agricultural labor force in Sub-Saharan Africa, but manage plots that are reportedly on average 20 to 30 percent less productive. As a source of income inequality and aggregate productivity loss, the country-specific magnitude and drivers of this gender gap are of great interest. Using national data from the Uganda National Panel Survey for 2009/10 and 2010/11, the gap before controlling for endowments was estimated to be 17.5 percent. Panel data methods were combined with an Oaxaca decomposition to investigate the gender differences in resource endowment and return to endowment driving this gap. Although men have greater access to inputs, input use is so low and inverse returns to plot size so strong in Uganda that smaller female-managed plots have a net endowment advantage of 12 percent, revealing a larger unexplained gap of 29.5 percent. Two-fifths of this unexplained gap is attributed to differential returns to the child dependency ratio and one-fifth to differential returns to transport access, implying that greater child care responsibilities and difficulty accessing input and output markets from areas without transport are the largest drivers of the gap. Smaller and less robust drivers include differential uptake of cash crops, and differential uptake and return to improved seeds and pesticides
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  • 57
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discuss equity and learning in education that should be integral to our final push to end extreme poverty by 2030. He speaks about education that also raises productivity in the informal sector and is associated with better health and resilience. He talks about educated women and girls who can be particularly effective agents of socio-economic change. He also talks about the need for development financing and technical expertise to effect radical change in the quality of labor. He highlights about technology that can be used to leapfrog current practices, plugging isolated teachers and students into connected classrooms of the twenty first century. He concludes by saying that education is a public good and a fundamental right is essential to end extreme poverty and boost shared prosperity
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  • 58
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: The Global Financing Facility (GFF) in support of Every Woman Every Child, was launched at the Third International Conference on Financing for Development in July 2015. The facility helps close the funding gap for reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health, to provide smart, scaled and sustainable financing to accelerate efforts to end preventable maternal, newborn, child and adolescent deaths by 2030. Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, strongly believes that healthy women and children enable healthy economies, political stability and forward momentum. They are our smartest investment, when we invest wisely
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  • 59
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, at Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany, discuss applying the world's best ideas, knowledge, and experience in development to accomplish the World Bank Group's twin goals of ending extreme poverty by 2030, and boosting shared prosperity. He speaks about helping the poor and vulnerable in low- and middle-income countries in the world not only for poverty reduction within their borders, but is important for growth around the world, especially going forward. He talks about the strategy to invest in people, especially through education and health. He stresses investments in girls and women as particularly important because they have a multiplier effect on the well-being of the extreme poor. He speaks about protecting people from deadly pandemics especially in developing countries. He insists the students that they must apply what they have learned, and must do, for the sake of the poorest, for the children, and for the sake of our humanity
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  • 60
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: These remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discuss the Chinese economy, China's global role in development, and the latest report on health care reform. He appreciated China, that remains the largest contributor to world growth since the global financial crisis. He talks about the progress made by China in several reforms, including lower credit growth, better regulation of shadow banking, and better management of local government borrowing and these reforms hold the key to its continued economic success. He addresses huge infrastructure needs that are critical to end poverty, reducing inequality, and boosting shared prosperity in the world and China's committment to support financially for the same. He concludes by talking about more efficient health care system in China that will lead to a healthier population, boost economic growth and become an engine for job creation
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: This is the transcript of the remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group. He discusses on the period of slow growth, the end of the commodity super-cycle, pending interest-rate hikes, and the continued flight of capital out of emerging markets in the world. He talks about governments that must overcome a growing demographic divide to make future progress. He talks about the climate change and the need to cut emissions and invest in greater resilience . He speaks about developing countries that are going to get serious about increasing tax revenues, and stopping illicit flows of money. He mentions about the increase of capacity to support countries all over the world in building successful Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). He concludes by talking about Mexico and its very rapid development in the northern states and the need to apply that model for the development of southern states
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  • 62
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group discusses conflicts that have caused a devastating amount of violence and destruction, severely affecting the livelihoods of millions of people, and creating destabilizing effects at the global level. He talks about the World Bank Group's new strategy to support recovery and reconstruction efforts in the Middle East and North Africa. He speaks about blending grant resources from donors with lending from multilateral development banks in order to provide concessional-level financing to middle-income countries that are hosting refugees. In conclusion he said that we must work together to mobilize support for the millions of children, women, and men who are victims and hostages of war, and to demonstrate our common commitment to help them survive these conflicts, and create a better life once the guns fall silent
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  • 63
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank, discusses seeking transformative solutions to challenges of development and poverty that are necessarily cross disciplinary and what a great university should be doing. He talks about the investments that developing countries can make in the health and education of their people which will help reduce extreme poverty in the countries. He speaks about the importance of early childhood development. He talks about stronger health systems in developing countries that can extend the reach of doctors and nurses, and serve as disease outbreak alert and response networks critical to containing infections. He concludes by saying that the pregnant woman who lives in a conflict zone should be focused and we must do whatever it takes to support her so that her newborn child will have a world of opportunity, equal to that of any child in the world
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  • 64
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    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discussed the following topics. The Bank is helping many manage the humanitarian and development challenge. The Bank supports the global knowledge partnership on migration and development (KNOMAD), which helps countries develop evidence-based policy options and capacity to reap the benefits of migration. The future research agenda aims to build a database that identifies legal and policy restrictions that prevent countries from realizing migration's possibilities and to develop approaches to education and social policy that facilitate migrants' integration
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, remarked that the Isay-Shima summit next May is our opportunity to finally act on the unfulfilled promise of Alma Ata, and move rapidly toward universal health coverage, and to prepare ourselves before the next pandemic hits. Accomplishing these twin goals will represent a quantum leap forward in people's health and economic wellbeing
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the two goals that shape the mission of the World Bank Group: ending extreme poverty by 2030 and boosting shared prosperity. He speaks the need to accelerate a kind of economic growth that's more inclusive, socially sustainable, and protects the environment. He talks about climate change. The frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme climatic events will increase. Droughts, earthquakes, and typhoons will only become worse in the future. He appreciates Japan's focus on doing things before a disaster strikes, as it saves lives and money. He talks about working to refocus developing countries on prevention and preparedness when it comes to disaster risk management. He commends Japan that has been supportive of the World Bank Group's efforts to make innovative financing mechanisms available to governments of developing countries. He appreciates Japan's contribution towards Ebola crisis. He concludes by saying that the Japan's accumulated wisdom has shown the world that taking the proper precautions can save thousands of lives as well as billions of dollars in lost economic growth
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  • 67
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses promoting strong economic growth in developing countries. He speaks about the need to invest in people, especially in education, health and to build social safety nets and protections against both natural disasters and pandemics to ensure that people don't remain trapped in extreme poverty. He talks about the challenges in trying to work in all kinds of complex political situations, so that whatever happens to be going on in the political sphere, we can continue to work to lift people out of poverty and boost shared prosperity. He talks about multilateralism that is always complicated and is always fraught with disagreements. He promises to continue to try to engage with governments to have that impact. He mentioned reports released about the Bank's resettlement history. The transcript includes the Q&A session
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  • 68
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, focus on moving from ideas to action for mobilizing trillions of dollars needed for development. He notes that with the end of the Millennium Development Goals and the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals comes an opportunity to make important changes in how we approach development. He suggests exploring ways to use our shareholder capital, innovative financing solutions, knowledge, and convening power to catalyze and crowd-in trillions of public and private sector dollars. The flexibility of the MDB model, which allows us to leverage these investments through the development of innovative solutions to global challenges. To go from billions in official assistance to trillions in investments, we will have to push even further our willingness to collaborate through creative partnerships
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group discuss the critical role of inclusive and sustainable industrialization in the future global development agenda, including to end extreme poverty by 2030. He speaks about working with UNIDO and the government of Ethiopia to ensure that new industrial parks make use of recycled water and renewable resources, develop green areas, and reflect upgraded environment standards and environmental inspection systems. The World Bank Group is looking for opportunities to work closely with UNIDO on industrial zones in Senegal
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discuss Ethiopia's commitment to climate action, the role of industrialization in delivering development, and bringing these together for low-carbon, equitable growth. He speaks about the government's promotion of low-carbon growth, poverty reduction, and climate resilience to tackle the impact of climate changes. He talks about the crucial component of Ethiopia's drive for growth and transformation will be the development of a vibrant manufacturing and industrial base, which creates jobs for growing urban areas. The World Bank Group is working with the government to ensure that new industrial parks make use of recycled water and renewable resources, develop green areas, and reflect upgraded environmental standards and inspection systems
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank, discusses the goals of the World Bank Group, aligned to support the poor and the vulnerable, and to preserve our planet for future generations. He talks about the report "Poverty in a Rising Africa" that traces two decades of unprecedented economic growth on the continent with messages that are both encouraging and sobering. He speaks about how economic growth coupled with specific health and education interventions have contributed to improving people's lives, and contributed in many countries, such as Ghana, to major reductions in poverty. He talks about the structural transformation, a shift out of agriculture that led to an increase in non-agricultural self-employment and, to a lesser degree, wage jobs in Ghana. He speaks about how improving the agricultural sector will be critical to further reduce extreme poverty in the country. He commends Ghana that has invested in its people, specifically in education in most parts of the country. He appreciated the country's urban areas that have grown quickly, creating more and higher-paying jobs
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Deininger, Klaus Impact of Property Rights Reform to Support China's Rural-Urban Integration: Village-Level Evidence from the Chengdu National Experiment
    Abstract: As part of a national experiment, in 2008 Chengdu prefecture implemented ambitious property rights reforms, including complete registration of all land together with measures to ease transferability and eliminate labor market restrictions. This study uses a discontinuity design with spatial fixed effects to compare 529 villages just inside and outside the prefecture's border. The results suggest that the reforms increased tenure security, aligned land use closer to economic incentives, mainly through market transfers, and led to an increase in enterprise start-ups. These impacts, most of which are more pronounced for villages with lower travel time to Chengdu city, point toward high potential gains from factor market reform
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 73
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the twin goals of ending extreme poverty by 2030 and boosting prosperity among the poorest 40 percent in low and middle-income countries. The strategy is summed up in three words: grow, invest, and insure. He talks about the need to be creative and use all of the resources to leverage much-needed private sector investment to build infrastructure and create jobs. He promises that the World Bank Group will continue to support governments and make investments in a broad variety of areas in the fight against extreme poverty in developing countries. He talks about empowering women through education for mothers to have healthier children, and, when they have financial resources, they're more likely to invest in the next generation. He talks about the most effective ways to encourage investment in the extreme poor and improve health and educational service delivery, is accountability. He concludes by saying that the governments must be more accountable to citizens, and work to reduce arbitrary treatment at the hands of security forces and the demand for bribes from poor people which will help to minimize the likelihood of violent conflict and eliminate a driver of poverty
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  • 74
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group. The Third International Conference on Financing for Development represents an important milestone in efforts to achieve universal and sustainable development as we move beyond 2015 and introduce a new set of Sustainable Development Goals. This event aims to mobilize high-level political support for financing gender equality and women's empowerment, drawing on global good practices. He discusses the array of financing sources-private, public, domestic, and international-and policy changes needed to realize the vision of transformative gender equality and women's empowerment
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  • 75
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, review the commitment to the U.N. Decade for Sustainable Energy for All. The initiative is a multi-stakeholder partnership working with governments, businesses, civil society, banks and international institutions to meet three interlinked goals by 2030: (i) ensuring energy access to more than 1 billion people living without electricity; (ii) doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix; and (iii) doubling the rate of improvement in energy efficiency worldwide. These three goals are interlinked and vital for achieving the twin goals of ending extreme poverty by 2030 and boosting shared prosperity. He concludes saying that, we must now prove that we can make energy available to the hundreds of millions who need it and work together to end energy poverty in our lifetime
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  • 76
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the opportunities and challenges facing the economic development of Indonesia and East Asia, and how the World Bank Group can help end extreme poverty and foster share prosperity more widely in the region. He remarked that the progress most admired about Indonesia is its accomplishment in reducing extreme poverty. The Group has aligned its work with two goals -- to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity for the bottom 40 percent of the population in low- and middle-income countries. The Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Mandiri, or PNPM, has helped distribute the gains from this growth more equitably across the population. He concludes saying that, we can make sure your successes help build a more just and equal world
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the dual challenge facing Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone--that the Ebola epidemic stubbornly continues and that these countries must recover and build back better, stronger, and smarter. Ebola-affected countries need to dramatically increase access to essential, quality health care in even the most remote areas, and bolster the capacity of communities and community health workers to serve as the front line for disease prevention and response. He speaks about the need to strengthen the entire health system to achieve universal coverage and end preventable deaths. He talks about not letting up until we end this deadly epidemic once and for all and also must stand with the people of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone and make investments that produce a sustainable recovery. He concludes that as a global community, we must pledge to do whatever it takes to make sure such a preventable crisis never happens again
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  • 78
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discuss building on Ethiopia's legacy by presenting the world with a shared vision for substantially increasing funding for the world's poor. He talks about the need to be bold, creative, form strong partnerships, and find new resources to meet our goals of reducing poverty in the world. He talks about how the funding we leverage means more children will be educated, more patients will be treated, and more vital services will be provided. He concludes that we are part of a growing global movement that is the first generation in humankind that can end extreme poverty
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  • 79
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: This is the transcript of the remarks delivered by Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group at a press conference in Accra, Ghana. He discusses on the two goals, to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity to the bottom 40 percent in developing countries. He talks about improving the productivity of agriculture and making sure that every industry, every person in Africa has access to energy to end extreme poverty. He talks about the importance of investing in the health and education of people for future economic growth in developing countries. He commended Ghana on its structural transformation, shift out of a solely agricultural-focused economy and in one in which non-agricultural self-employment and, to a lesser degree, wage jobs have also become part of the economy. He concludes by talking about taking action on improved and fair, more just, more efficient tax systems and stopping illicit financial flows, in order to benefit the development of the country
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  • 80
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Deininger, Klaus Inheritance Law Reform, Empowerment, and Human Capital Accumulation
    Abstract: This paper uses evidence from three Indian states, one of which amended inheritance legislation in 1994, to assess first- and second-generation effects of inheritance reform using a triple-difference strategy. Second-generation effects on education, time use, and health are larger and more significant than first-generation effects even controlling for mothers' endowments. Improved access to bank accounts and sanitation as well as lower fertility in the parent generation suggest that inheritance reform empowered females in a sustainable way, a notion supported by significantly higher female survival rates
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC : World Bank Group | Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9781464804229
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (106 p)
    Edition: World Bank eLibrary
    RVK:
    Keywords: Westafrika ; Ebola-Virus ; Auswirkung ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: Beyond its terrible toll in human lives and suffering, the Ebola epidemic has inflicted a measurable economic impact on West Africa in terms of forgone output, higher fiscal deficits, rising prices, lower real household incomes, and greater poverty. This impact results partly from the health-care costs and forgone productivity associated with being infected, but it is driven principally by the efforts of the uninfected population to avoid exposure ('aversion behavior'). The Economic Impact of the 2014 Ebola Epidemic: Short- and Medium-Term Estimates for West Africa provides a mixed methods analysis of the economic impact, combining theory on the channels of economic impact of the epidemic, economic indicators across sectors in the affected countries, and models of how these economies interact with each other and with the broader world. The result is a quantification of the potential overall magnitude of the economic impact for Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, as well as for West Africa as a whole. Ebola's short-term economic impact (2014) in the three core countries is on the order of US
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ali, Daniel Ayalew Credit Constraints, Agricultural Productivity, and Rural Nonfarm Participation
    Abstract: Although the potentially negative impacts of credit constraints on economic development have long been discussed conceptually, empirical evidence for Africa remains limited. This study uses a direct elicitation approach for a national sample of Rwandan rural households to assess empirically the extent and nature of credit rationing in the semi-formal sector and its impact using an endogenous sample separation between credit-constrained and unconstrained households. Being credit constrained reduces the likelihood of participating in off-farm self-employment activities by about 6.3 percent while making participation in low-return farm wage labor more likely. Even within agriculture, elimination of all types of credit constraints in the semi-formal sector could increase output by some 17 percent. Two suggestions for policy emerge from the findings. First, the estimates suggest that access to information (education, listening to the radio, and membership in a farm cooperative) has a major impact on reducing the incidence of credit constraints in the semi-formal credit sector. Expanding access to information in rural areas thus seems to be one of the most promising strategies to improve credit access in the short term. Second, making it easy to identify land owners and transfer land could also significantly reduce transaction costs associated with credit access
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ali, Daniel Ayalew Is There a Farm-Size Productivity Relationship in African Agriculture?
    Abstract: Whether the negative relationship between farm size and productivity that is confirmed in a large global literature holds in Africa is of considerable policy relevance. This paper revisits this issue and examines potential causes of the inverse productivity relationship in Rwanda, where policy makers consider land fragmentation and small farm sizes to be key bottlenecks for the growth of the agricultural sector. Nationwide plot-level data from Rwanda point toward a constant returns to scale crop production function and a strong negative relationship between farm size and output per hectare as well as intensity of labor use that is robust across specifications. The inverse relationship continues to hold if profits with family labor valued at shadow wages are used, but disappears if family labor is rather valued at village-level market wage rates. These findings imply that, in Rwanda, labor market imperfections, rather than other unobserved factors, seem to be a key reason for the inverse farm-size productivity relationship
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ali, Daniel Ayalew The Price of Empowerment
    Keywords: Bodenreform ; Bodenrecht ; Geschlecht ; Feldforschung ; Tansania
    Abstract: This paper reports on a randomized field experiment that uses price incentives to address economic and gender inequality in land tenure formalization. During the 1990s and 2000s, nearly two dozen African countries proposed de jure land reforms extending access to formal, freehold land tenure to millions of poor households. Many of these reforms stalled. Titled land remains the de facto preserve of wealthy households and, within households, men. Beginning in 2010, the study tested whether price instruments alone can generate greater inclusion by offering formal titles to residents of a low-income, unplanned settlement in Dar es Salaam at a range of subsidized prices, as well as additional price incentives to include women as owners or co-owners of household land. Estimated price elasticities of demand confirm that prices-rather than other implementation failures or features of the titling regime-are a key obstacle to broader inclusion in the land registry, and that some degree of pro-poor price discrimination is justified even from a narrow budgetary perspective. In terms of gender inequality, the study finds that even small price incentives for female co-titling achieve almost complete gender parity in land ownership with no reduction in demand
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Deininger, Klaus Does Land Fragmentation Increase the Cost of Cultivation?
    Abstract: Although a large literature discusses the productivity effects of land fragmentation, measurement and potential endogeneity issues are often overlooked. This paper uses several measures of fragmentation and controls for endogeneity and crop choice by looking at inherited paddy and wheat plots to show that these issues matter empirically. While crop choice can mitigate effects, fragmentation as measured by the Simpson index increases production cost and fosters substitution of labor for machinery, especially for small and medium farmers. Greater distances between fragments have a smaller effect. Creating opportunities for market-based consolidation could be one step to limit fragmentation-induced cost increases
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  • 86
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Marek Belka, Chairman of the Development Committee, stated that there was a very broad, uniform support for the twin goals of the World Bank Group. He noted the resounding support for internal reforms at the World Bank Group. Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, spoke about the change process and the success in developing and bringing together Global Practices and cross-cutting solution areas throughout the world. He noted the IDA replenishment and new financial arrangements that will allow increased lending in the next few years. He concludes by noting the need for a carbon price and the need to reduce fossil fuel subsidies, the importance of energy efficiency and improved performance standards, and and also long-term finance for renewable energy. Christine Lagarde, IMF Managing Director, affirms that the IMF will continue to work on the issues of inequality, gender inclusion, growth, and the job market, and the fiscal aspect of climate change and how those matters of macroeconomic criticality can be addressed using fiscal tools. They fielded questions on IMF governance reform, the impact of technological change on employment, and the pace of the Global Infrastructure Facility
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, said he was honored to share the Prince Mahidol award with a distinguished group of individuals who have spent many years fighting to end the HIV-AIDS epidemic. He said that Thailand was the first developing country to mount a successful HIV prevention response. Thailand's successes in AIDS prevention and treatment were not inevitable, neither was its quest for universal health coverage. He have learned that investing in people is not just the right moral choice, ambitious reforms require skillful balancing of competing demands and a handful of committed people with vision have the power to change the world. He concludes that lessons are universal and timeless that we can achieve great things, if we learn from history, and contribute to a lasting evidence-based wisdom
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the problem of global inequality. He speaks about the commitment for building the platform which would bring the expertise of not only the World Bank, but the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other multilateral development banks, to prepare projects and bridge the gap in what is a market failure. He speaks about the companies that were represented, sovereign wealth funds, the countries that had signed on, including China, which has made very strong commitments to finding a price on carbon for the world. He highlights about the need for some source of funding that will disperse immediately on the occasion of the next epidemic, and the global community needs to come together to decide what the response will be. Christine Lagarde, IMF Managing Director, commended Kim on his efforts in the fight against Ebola. Lagarde noted that much of Africa is growing and creating jobs. The two fielded questions on Ebola, the role of China in these institutions, China's investment-led growth strategy, and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
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  • 89
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group discusses the importance of safety nets and social protection that countries provide to their citizens. He announces supporting for Mexico's second-generation safety net program PROSPERA, which provides a financial cushion to poor people, allowing them to achieve a higher level of health and security and giving them the chance to learn skills and to find good jobs to become more productive workers, to raise their income levels, and to promote economic growth. He talks about Mexico that played a crucial role in sharing lessons learned from its leadership in the sector and responding to presentations on the experiences of other countries that have faced similar challenges
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  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses how the World Bank is focused on a prosperity that is shared by everyone, and to lift the billion or so people living in extreme poverty out of that condition so that they can have those things that everybody in the world seems to want. He speaks about the inequality in the economic growth of the countries around the world. He highlights the health care and education sectors as essential to improving lives in developing countries. He points to the fact that the time is now to think about positive ways of moving in a direction to grow economies and at the same time, increase the participation of everyone. He talks about how the World Bank Group is working very hard now to reduce bureaucratic processes so that people in the countries feel a difference. He speaks about climate change and the challenges involved in tackling it. He concludes by saying that they're looking at every possible way of investing in people, of spurring innovation
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  • 91
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group discusses measured hope and optimism, to share a vision for a path forward, to a just and sustainable future in the Middle East and North Africa. He talks about a way forward to help not only Syria rebuild, but also to help Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, and Iraq recover from the massive spillover effects of the war is to be supported by the principles of co-existence, tolerance, compromise, transparency, good governance, and inclusive economic growth. He talks about the need for improvement in quality of education. He talks about development that requiring a commitment to transparency on the part of governments, and well-informed citizens to hold governments accountable. He speaks about helping women overcome the multiple legal and cultural constraints that have kept their labor force participation in the region at 29 percent, the lowest in the world. He talks about the young people here and throughout the Arab world deserve a chance to grow up in a region that is focused on creating jobs, not on conflict-a region focused on inclusive growth, not on growth for just the elite. The region needs to invest in its people with strong education and health systems
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group states that the infrastructure gap is enormous --an estimated USD 1 trillion to USD 1.5 trillion more is needed each year. To fill this gap, the Bank needs to tap into the trillions of dollars held by institutional investors, most of which are sitting on the sidelines, and direct those assets into projects that will have great benefit for a range of developing countries. The Bank announced the creation of the Global Infrastructure Facility, which is designed to attract financing for infrastructure needs. To combat Ebola, the Bank needed to move to an emergency footing. During all of the efforts on infrastructure, Ebola, and climate change, teams from across the institution worked collaboratively and displayed an inspiring commitment to innovation. The Bank will be aggressive and creative and apply large-scale solutions to help states manage, prepare for, recover from and conquer the risks, so they can grow and flourish. The Bank's strategy on climate change has five parts: carbon pricing, eliminating fuel subsidies, cleaner cities, smart agricultural policies, and renewable energy investment
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the Ebola epidemic as continuing as a serious threat, not only in terms of human lives, especially in the three most affected countries - Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra, but to the regional and global economies as well. He then addressed educational reform. To promote inclusive growth, the World Bank Group works to facilitate the diffusion of knowledge and support countries in investing in the productivity and skills of their people. Taking on new challenges, solving problems creatively, and working across different backgrounds and cultures, will be important tasks for the vast majority of human beings in the 21st century. He discussed shortcomings of Korea's educational system
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses setting a clear target for growth. He is pleased with the focus on infrastructure. The World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, African Development Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank plus others, together will supply about USD 100 billion in support for infrastructure. Kim fielded questions about the fight against Ebola, the proposal for a contingency fund to prevent future outbreaks, developing country expectations of the G20 summit, inequality, the Global Infrastructure Facility, and the China-US pact and climate change
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, emphasized that children learned better when we level the playing field at an early stage. He stressed the need for stronger basic education with immediate investment, and a focus on recruitment, grooming, and motivation of teachers. He concluded that we must sustain this momentum and use all available resources and evidence to make sure that every child is in school and learning
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, notes that we stand at a critical threshold for global health and development. Too many women and children are still dying because they lack access to quality health care, especially in the least developed countries. He talks about shifting focus from inputs to paying for results, an approach that has been proven to be extremely effective in getting high quality, essential health services to women and children. He remarks that empowering frontline health workers with the autonomy and resources to develop strategies to improve service delivery has resulted in transformational changes in access and quality. As countries move toward universal coverage, fewer mothers die in childbirth, and more babies are born healthy
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  • 97
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, addressed the theme of what is to be done, and what will I do? He opened with stories from his life, which made him realize that activism could drive social change. World Bank Group has set goals to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity for the bottom 40 percent in every developing country. These goals will drive our work going forward. But three major challenges will determine whether we succeed: achieving inclusive economic growth; investing in people; and slowing the rising tide of climate change. Finally he concludes saying that, whatever you do, please remember that the time is now for all of us to work together to bend the arc of history toward justice
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  • 98
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses the need for more trained health workers in the countries most-affected by Ebola, the Global Infrastructure Facility, and fight against cholera in Haiti. The World Bank Group is pledging USD 50 million to help improve access to safe water and sanitation for all Haitians, aimed at preventing waterborne diseases
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses two goals: to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity for the bottom 40 percent of the Population. These efforts require us fight against corruption in its many forms. He talks about the need to be alert, respond immediately when things go wrong, learn from the experience, and assure it doesn't happen again. He cautions about the lack of governance, which is a necessary condition for corruption to thrive. The challenge is to get the knowledge and tools to the right people at the right time, and to fully leverage opportunities for reform. World Bank, with support from Australia, Denmark and Norway, created the International Corruption Hunters Alliance to engage in what is happening at a multilateral level, to provide access to the latest anti-corruption tools and information, and to create the dialogue that drives our collective effort to beat corruption. He concludes by saying that the intersection with corruption and dirty money are undeniable, and the implications for sustainable, inclusive development are clear
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Speeches of World Bank Presidents
    Abstract: Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses fundamental issues in global development and the World Bank Group's role in helping countries and the private sector meet the greatest challenges in development. He speaks about the twin goals, to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity. Due to television, everyone knows how everyone else lives. We must not remain voluntarily blind to the impact of economic choices on the poor and vulnerable. He added that we must ensure that our economic progress does not irreparably compromise our children's future due to climate change. World Bank's lending capacity - or the amount of loans we can carry on our balance sheet -- will increase by USD 100 billion dollars in the next decade, to roughly USD 300 billion dollars. He concludes by saying that all parts of our global society must unite to translate the vision of a more just, sustainable economy into the resolute action. That will be our legacy to the future. Dr. Kim fielded questions
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