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  • Online Resource  (18)
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  • 1955-1959  (18)
  • Law  (18)
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  • Online Resource  (18)
  • Loose Leaf
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Justice and Doubt : An Essay on the Fundamentals of Justice (1959)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    ISBN: 9783662398647
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IV, 109 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Philosophy of law ; Law—Philosophy. ; Law—History.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-39864-7
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Burma’s Constitution (1959)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401188906
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (325p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Political science. ; Economic policy. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I. The Story of the Constitution -- I. Annexation and British Rule -- II. War and Japanese Occupation -- III. Liberation and Fulfilment -- II. The Constitution at Work -- I. Form of State -- II. Fundamental Rights -- III. Peasants and Workers -- IV. Directive Principles of State Policy -- V. The President -- VI. Parliament -- VII. The Union Government -- VIII. The Union Judiciary -- IX. The States -- X. Amendment of the Constitution -- XI. International Relations -- XII. General Provisions -- XIII. Transitory Provisions -- Epilogue -- Postscript -- Appendices -- I. Opinion of the Law Officers of the Crown on Annexation of Burma -- II. The constitution of Burma under Japanese occupation -- III. The Panglong Agreement, 1947 -- IV. Draft constitution approved by the AFPFL convention, May, 1947 -- V. Members of the constitution drafting committees, and staff, Constituent Assembly -- VI. Prime Minister U Nu’s motion in the Constituent Assembly to adopt the constitution September 24, 1947 -- VII. The Constitution of the Union of Burma, with amendments -- VIII. The Constitution Amendment Act, 1951 -- IX. Chronology of Events.
    Abstract: This is an attempt to study and interpret the Constitution of the Union of Burma which has now passed its tenth year. A constitution read outside the context of constitutional history is incomplete, and I have, therefore, tried to trace the developments which culminated in the constitution; then study its important features with reference, where necessary, to the background in which they took shape and form; and, while studying how the constitution has been working, touch lightly on contemporary events and trends. It is a vast canvas I am trying to cover and what I am able to draw on it would inevitably be sketchy. But I do not write as a historian whose focus is on detail in a narrow area. Rather, having dug and gathered the facts, I trace their sweep in history. The details I willingly and happily leave to the historians, hoping only that my study will be of some use to them, if only as a target for their learned criticism. Some of the events and people I describe are still too near, and a clear perspective is therefore difficult. What is nearest appears biggest, and I often find it tempting to see and accept that Burma's history as a new independent nation began with the students' strike of 1936 or the resistance movement during the Second World War.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The Story of the ConstitutionI. Annexation and British Rule -- II. War and Japanese Occupation -- III. Liberation and Fulfilment -- II. The Constitution at Work -- I. Form of State -- II. Fundamental Rights -- III. Peasants and Workers -- IV. Directive Principles of State Policy -- V. The President -- VI. Parliament -- VII. The Union Government -- VIII. The Union Judiciary -- IX. The States -- X. Amendment of the Constitution -- XI. International Relations -- XII. General Provisions -- XIII. Transitory Provisions -- Epilogue -- Postscript -- Appendices -- I. Opinion of the Law Officers of the Crown on Annexation of Burma -- II. The constitution of Burma under Japanese occupation -- III. The Panglong Agreement, 1947 -- IV. Draft constitution approved by the AFPFL convention, May, 1947 -- V. Members of the constitution drafting committees, and staff, Constituent Assembly -- VI. Prime Minister U Nu’s motion in the Constituent Assembly to adopt the constitution September 24, 1947 -- VII. The Constitution of the Union of Burma, with amendments -- VIII. The Constitution Amendment Act, 1951 -- IX. Chronology of Events.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-8890-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Legal Realism of Jerome N. Frank : A Study of Fact-Skepticism and the Judicial Process (1959)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401194938
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (177p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Law—Philosophy. ; Law—History. ; Philosophy. ; History.
    Abstract: A Short Note on Methodology -- A Brief Biographical Sketch of Jerome Frank -- One — Foundations of american legal realism -- Holmes’ Legal Positivism: The Forerunner of Legal Realism -- Roscoe Pound’s Sociological Jurisprudence -- Institutional and Anthropological Approaches to Law -- Legal Realism and the Psychological Approach to Law -- Jerome Frank’s Contribution -- Two — The crusade against the “myth” of legal certainty -- Why Do Men Crave Legal Certainty ? -- Legal Certainty: Frank’s “Wasteland” of Modern Law -- The Road to Liberation -- The Consequences of Frank’s Attack -- Three — Psychology as the new weapon of attack -- Frank’s War of Liberation -- The Use of Psychological Materials: Jurisprudence as Therapy -- The Future of Psychological Tools in the Study of Law -- Four — The role of the judge in the judicial process -- What Courts Do In Fact -- The Anatomy of Court-House Government -- The Judicial “Hunch”: The Contrapuntal Strains of Frank’s Analysis of the Judicial Process -- The Upper-Court Myth and Its Effects: Rule-Skepticism and Fact-Skepticism -- Metaphysical Questions -- Five — Trial by jury and the problem of legal education -- Major Defects of the Jury System -- Suggested Reform of the Jury System -- The Conviction of Innocent Men -- Jury Verdicts and the Problem of Cadi-Justice -- The Relation of Legal Education to the Judicial Process -- How to Improve Legal Education -- Fusing Law and the Social Sciences: The Inter-Disciplinary Approach -- Six — Frank’s contributions to the philosophy of American legal realism -- Legal “Axioms” and Frank’s Suggested Remedies -- Criticism and Counter-Criticism of Jerome Frank’s Philosophy of Law and of Legal Realism in General -- The Troublesome Problem of “Fact” and “Value” -- Some Selected Opinions of Judge Jerome Frank -- A Bibliography of the Writings of Jerome N. Frank -- General Works Used in This Study.
    Abstract: Between the Levite at the gate and the judicial systems of our day is a long journey in courthouse government, but its basic structure remains the same - law, judge and process. Of the three, process is the most unstable - procedure and facts. Of the two, facts are the most intractable. While most of the law in books may seem to center about abstract theories, doctrines, princi­ ples, and rules, the truth is that most of it is designed in some way to escape the painful examination of the facts which bring parties in a particular case to court. Frequently the emphasis is on the rule of law as it is with respect to the negotiable instru­ ment which forbids inquiry behind its face; sometimes the empha­ sis is on men as in the case of the wide discretion given a judge or administrator; sometimes on the process, as in pleading to a refined issue, summary judgment, pre-trial conference, or jury trial designed to impose the dirty work of fact finding on laymen. The minds of the men of law never cease to labor at im­ proving process in the hope that some less painful, more trustworthy and if possible automatic method can be found to lay open or force litigants to disclose what lies inside their quarrel, so that law can be administered with dispatch and de­ cisiveness in the hope that truth and justice will be served.
    Description / Table of Contents: A Short Note on MethodologyA Brief Biographical Sketch of Jerome Frank -- One - Foundations of american legal realism -- Holmes’ Legal Positivism: The Forerunner of Legal Realism -- Roscoe Pound’s Sociological Jurisprudence -- Institutional and Anthropological Approaches to Law -- Legal Realism and the Psychological Approach to Law -- Jerome Frank’s Contribution -- Two - The crusade against the “myth” of legal certainty -- Why Do Men Crave Legal Certainty ? -- Legal Certainty: Frank’s “Wasteland” of Modern Law -- The Road to Liberation -- The Consequences of Frank’s Attack -- Three - Psychology as the new weapon of attack -- Frank’s War of Liberation -- The Use of Psychological Materials: Jurisprudence as Therapy -- The Future of Psychological Tools in the Study of Law -- Four - The role of the judge in the judicial process -- What Courts Do In Fact -- The Anatomy of Court-House Government -- The Judicial “Hunch”: The Contrapuntal Strains of Frank’s Analysis of the Judicial Process -- The Upper-Court Myth and Its Effects: Rule-Skepticism and Fact-Skepticism -- Metaphysical Questions -- Five - Trial by jury and the problem of legal education -- Major Defects of the Jury System -- Suggested Reform of the Jury System -- The Conviction of Innocent Men -- Jury Verdicts and the Problem of Cadi-Justice -- The Relation of Legal Education to the Judicial Process -- How to Improve Legal Education -- Fusing Law and the Social Sciences: The Inter-Disciplinary Approach -- Six - Frank’s contributions to the philosophy of American legal realism -- Legal “Axioms” and Frank’s Suggested Remedies -- Criticism and Counter-Criticism of Jerome Frank’s Philosophy of Law and of Legal Realism in General -- The Troublesome Problem of “Fact” and “Value” -- Some Selected Opinions of Judge Jerome Frank -- A Bibliography of the Writings of Jerome N. Frank -- General Works Used in This Study.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-9493-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Unanimity Rule in the Revision of Treaties a Re-Examination (1959)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401195669
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1. A Statement of the Problem -- 2. Opinions of Writers -- 3. The Declaration of London -- 4. Some Related Problems -- I. General Treaties -- I. Nonpolitical Conventions -- II. Treaties of a Constitutional Character -- III. Multipartite Peace Settlements -- II. Specific Territorial Regimes -- IV. The Regimes of International Rivers: The Rhine and the Danube -- V. The Regime of the Turkish Straits -- VI. International Regimes in Colonial Africa -- VII. Treaty Regimes Reinforced by Custom -- VIII. Conclusions -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: In international law the authority of the writers has been great and the Statute of the International Court of Justice still takes cognizance of them as subsidiary sources. Yet it has been widely recognized that on many points writers, even of the most respecta­ ble authority, have merely repeated the statements of their predecessors, sometimes with the result that error or some indivi­ dual dogma or predilection has been perpetuated. The three-mile limit of territorial waters, for example, was long identified with the range of cannon and with the famous dictum of Galiani until modern historical research revealed more accurately its historical origin in the practice of states. The very definition of internation­ al law as a law of which only states were subjects impelled to somewhat far-fetched inclusions of certain political entities as "states," and has had at last to yield at least to the concept that an international organization may also be a subject of inter­ national law. The long repetition of the essential attributes ot states - sovereignty, independence, equality - has not altered the realities of the very great differences between states in respect of each of these attributes. As Cardozo said of definitions, if our preconceived notions of international law do not accord with the facts of international life, so much the worse for those old no­ tions; they must be revised to be brought into line with reality.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. A Statement of the Problem2. Opinions of Writers -- 3. The Declaration of London -- 4. Some Related Problems -- I. General Treaties -- I. Nonpolitical Conventions -- II. Treaties of a Constitutional Character -- III. Multipartite Peace Settlements -- II. Specific Territorial Regimes -- IV. The Regimes of International Rivers: The Rhine and the Danube -- V. The Regime of the Turkish Straits -- VI. International Regimes in Colonial Africa -- VII. Treaty Regimes Reinforced by Custom -- VIII. Conclusions -- Selected Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-9566-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    European Commission of Human Rights / Commission Europeenne des Droits de L’Homme : Documents and / et Decisions (1959)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401770446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 275 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Political science.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7044-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    European Commission of Human Rights / Commission Europeenne des Droits de l’Homme : Documents and / et Decisions (1959)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401771733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 275 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7173-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Introduction to International Law : Present Conceptions Of International Law In Theory And Practice (1959)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401192262
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 424 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: I — Sovereignty of States in Theory. Universalist and Nationalist Conceptions -- II — The Dominant Theory of Sovereignty -- III — Opponents of the Sovereignty of States -- IV — Soviet Conception of Sovereignty and International Law -- V — Sovereignty in the Practice of International Law. Domestic Jurisdiction -- VI — Equality and Other Fundamental Rights of States -- VII — Subjects of International Law Other Than Independent States and Individuals -- VIII — Individuals as Subjects of International Law -- Conclusion -- Annex — The Charter of the United Nations with the Statute of the I.C.J. -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: This book in its entirety as well as in each of its parts is an outline of the problems under discussion. The subject matter of some eighty sections of the book is extensive; it could, indeed, be presented by ex­ perts in as many volumes. This study offers an attempt to formulate a synthesis, however difficult, of the vast amount of available material. Unlike the well-known standard Introductions to International Law which deal with all the major fields of international law, this book treats exclusively the present conceptions of that law as expressed in legal literature, international treaties and other agreements, inter­ national judgements and awards, governmental and diplomatic state­ ments and the like. Special attention is devoted, in several chapters of the book, to the "teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations" which are considered by Article 38 paragraph 1 (d) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice as "subsidiary means for the determination ofrules of law. " An endeavor is made to ascertain whether in certain fields of the theory of international law a "Communis opinio doctorum" has either been reached or is in the process of achievement. Some readers may consider that there are too many quotations from writings of publicists; others will certainly feel - as does this writer - that too many outstanding international lawyers have not been included.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-9226-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nato ‘Fair Trial’ Safeguards: Precursor to an International Bill of Procedural Rights (1958)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401767804
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 89 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Political science.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-6780-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Court Trials in Mark Twain and other Essays (1958)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401189217
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Comparative literature.
    Abstract: Court Trials in Mark Twain -- I. Introduction -- II. The Trial of Laura Hawkins in The Gilded Age -- III. The Trial of Muff Potter in Tom Sawyer -- IV. The Trial of Luigi Capello in Pudd’nhead Wilson -- V. The Trial of Joan of Arc in Joan of Arc -- VI. The Trial of Silas Phelps in Tom Sawyer, Detective -- VII. The Trial of Father Peter in The Mysterious Stranger -- Other Essays -- VIII. Mark Twain’s Letters of Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass -- IX. Mark Twain’s Story of the Bull and the Bees -- X. Bull Rides Described by’ scroggins’, G. W. Harris, and Mark Twain -- XI. The Occasion of Mark Twain’s Speech On Foreign Critics -- XII. More About Mark Twain’s War with English Critics of America -- XIII. Mark Twain’s Tom Sawyer Abroad and Jules Verne’s Five Weeks in a Balloon -- XIV. The Source of Mark Twain’s Tom Sawyer, Detective.
    Abstract: The major section of this volume, dealing with court trials in Mark Twain, is here published for the first time with the of the discussion of the trial of Silas Phelps. The exception account of this trial and the essay entitled "The Source of Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer, Detective" were originally published to­ gether as "Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer, Detective" in Studia Neophilologica in 1953 (XXV, 161-179). In this section I tried to retain at least a little of the quality of Twain in retelling the stories and on this basis alone it should be judged. The other essays appeared, respectively, in the Philological Quarterly for October, 1953 (XXXII, 353-365), the Tennessee Historical Quarterly for September, 1952 (XI, 246-253), the Southern Folklore Quarterly for December, 1953 (XVII, 241-243), the Philological Quarterly for July, 1948 (XXVII, 276-279), Modern Language Notes for April, 1948 (LXIII, 221-228), and the University of Texas Studies in English for 1949 (XXVIII, 2 0 257- 7 ).
    Description / Table of Contents: Court Trials in Mark TwainI. Introduction -- II. The Trial of Laura Hawkins in The Gilded Age -- III. The Trial of Muff Potter in Tom Sawyer -- IV. The Trial of Luigi Capello in Pudd’nhead Wilson -- V. The Trial of Joan of Arc in Joan of Arc -- VI. The Trial of Silas Phelps in Tom Sawyer, Detective -- VII. The Trial of Father Peter in The Mysterious Stranger -- Other Essays -- VIII. Mark Twain’s Letters of Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass -- IX. Mark Twain’s Story of the Bull and the Bees -- X. Bull Rides Described by’ scroggins’, G. W. Harris, and Mark Twain -- XI. The Occasion of Mark Twain’s Speech On Foreign Critics -- XII. More About Mark Twain’s War with English Critics of America -- XIII. Mark Twain’s Tom Sawyer Abroad and Jules Verne’s Five Weeks in a Balloon -- XIV. The Source of Mark Twain’s Tom Sawyer, Detective.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-8921-7
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Legal Effect of World War II on Treaties of the United States (1958)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401192651
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Political science. ; History. ; Economic policy.
    Abstract: Practice of the United States prior to World War II -- Political Treaties in Force with Enemy States at the Outbreak of World War II -- Humanitarian Treaties in Force with Enemy States at the Outbreak of World War II -- Economic Treaties in Force with Enemy States at the Outbreak of World War II -- Provisions in Peace Treaties -- Conclusions.
    Abstract: This study consists of an empirical examination of the legal effect of war on treaties to which the United States and one or more enemy states were parties at the outbreak of World War II. Doctrine is regarded as of secondary importance to this study and is therefore treated summarily. Some attention is devoted to historical aspects of the problem to lend perspective to the developments of World War II. The basic plan of this work is simple. After definitions have been established for "war" and "treaties," certain assumptions implicit in this study are discussed. Next, relevant doctrinal questions are considered. This is followed by an analysis of American practice concerning the legal effect of war on treaties of the United States from the early part of the 19th century down to World War II. The main part of the study, in which the treaties are arranged according to subject matter, carries the discussion down to the provisions in the peace treaties which relate to revival of prewar agreements. The chapter on the peace treaty provisions concludes with consideration of the special situation arising from the absence of a final peace treaty with Germany. Conclusions are then drawn from the experience of the United States. The literature of international law is filled with opinions on the effect of war on treaties, but only rarely have the authors stopped to analyze the practice of states methodically.
    Description / Table of Contents: Practice of the United States prior to World War IIPolitical Treaties in Force with Enemy States at the Outbreak of World War II -- Humanitarian Treaties in Force with Enemy States at the Outbreak of World War II -- Economic Treaties in Force with Enemy States at the Outbreak of World War II -- Provisions in Peace Treaties -- Conclusions.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-9265-1
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Projected Arab Court of Justice : A Study in Regional Jurisdiction with Specific Reference to the Muslim Law of Nations (1957)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401759045
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 259 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-5904-5
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Post-War International Civil Aviation Policy and the Law of the Air (1957)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401760447
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 180 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Law of the sea. ; International law.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-6044-7
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The United States Attorneys General and International Law (1957)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401195706
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Constitutional law. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: A. Legal Advice -- I. The Opinion Function -- II. Requests -- III. Formulation -- IV. Legal Force -- V. Practical Effect -- VI. Politics -- B. Opinions on the Law of Nations -- VII. Relation to Municipal Law -- VIII. International Status -- IX. Territory and Nationality -- X. Jurisdiction -- XI. Diplomatic and Consular Relations -- XII. International Agreements -- XIII. International Reclamation -- XIV. Neutrality -- XV. War -- Conclusions -- List of Attorneys General -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: The scope of this study is not as broad as its title might indicate. The Attorney General of the United States performs several functions that affect in one way or another the relations of the United States with foreign nations. But this study focuses mainly on only one of these, namely, the duty of the Attorney General to provide legal opinions to various officers of the federal government. The reasons for undertaking a study of those opinions of the Attorney General especially relating to international law and practice are set forth in the Introduction, and will not be com­ mented upon here. In like manner, the problems of method, sources and coverage encountered in the course of inquiry are discussed at appropriate points in the text. Much of the material used herein is based on the research done in connection with my doctoral dissertation, accepted by Duke University in 1951. I am indebted to the Duke University Council on Graduate Instruction and to the Tulane University Council on Research for substantial material aid which made possible both further research in connection with this study and its appearance in monograph form .
    Description / Table of Contents: A. Legal AdviceI. The Opinion Function -- II. Requests -- III. Formulation -- IV. Legal Force -- V. Practical Effect -- VI. Politics -- B. Opinions on the Law of Nations -- VII. Relation to Municipal Law -- VIII. International Status -- IX. Territory and Nationality -- X. Jurisdiction -- XI. Diplomatic and Consular Relations -- XII. International Agreements -- XIII. International Reclamation -- XIV. Neutrality -- XV. War -- Conclusions -- List of Attorneys General -- Selected Bibliography.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-9570-6
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Confiscation in Private International Law (1956)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401189156
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 197 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Administrative law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: was discussed by the Institut de Droit International at Siena 1 and recently, in 1954, it was the principal item of the meeting of the Netherlands Branch of the International Law Association 2. This study aims at contributing to the not too extensive literature on the subject. 11. BACKGROUND One cannot consider law and justice without considering at the same time the people whom they concern. And people again cannot be imagined without feelings, political and social views, and economic interests. The law could not exist without such a background. The history of various acts of confiscation in the twentieth century proves the enormous importance of the back­ ground underlying these problems. Russian confiscations are in the light of the Bolshevist doctrine only becoming intelligible of revolution; the M exicanization of the oil industry is in keeping with Mexican social development preceding it; the confiscations which took place in Germany under the Nazi regime must be understood as the outcome of a certain ideology; unfortunately confiscations due to operations in time of war are self-explana­ tory. A single school of thought governs each one alike: rights of individuals are considered of less and less importance. It was not by chance that the infringement of private property, notably in the great political upheavals, often went hand in hand with a dedining interest in the protection of the individual freedom. Where the state infringes the proprietary rights of individuals, it will even more readily do the same as regards personal freedom.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-8915-6
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  • 15
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    Online Resource
    Air Charter and the Warsaw Convention : A Study in International Air Law (1956)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401767620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Law of the sea. ; International law. ; Aeronautics—Law and legislation.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-6762-0
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Constitutions of Nations : Volume I: Afghanistan to Finland (1956)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401771252
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Constitutional law ; International law.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7125-2
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  • 17
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    International Mandates and Trusteeship Systems : A Comparative Study (1955)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401192163
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Evolution of the International Trusteeship System -- 1. Origin of the Idea -- 2. Inception of the International Mandates -- 3. Inter-War Years -- 4. International Trusteeship in Embryo -- 5. Evaluation -- III. Drafting of the Mandates and Trusteeship Articles -- 1. The Paris and San Francisco Conferences -- 2. Compromises in the Two Systems -- 3. Framing of the Mandates and Trusteeship Article -- 4. Role of the Powers -- 5. Reception of the Two Systems -- IV. Establishment of the Two Systems -- 1. The Interregnum -- 2. Submission of the Territories -- 3. Drafting of the Trusteeship Agreements -- 4. Approval of the Trust Agreements -- 5. Mandates and Trusteeship Texts -- 6. The Inauguration of the Two Systems -- V. The Territorial Application of the Two Systems -- 1. Territories Under Mandate -- 2. Territories Detached from the Enemy States -- 3. Territories Voluntarily Placed Under the System -- 4. Evaluation -- VI. The Agencies of International Supervision -- 1. The General Assembly -- 2. The Security Council -- 3. The International Court of Justice -- 4. The International Secretariat -- VII. The Permanent Mandates Commission and the Trusteeship Council -- 1. Composition of the Commission and the Council -- 2. Organization of the Commission and the Council -- 3. Functions and Powers of the Commission and the Council -- 4. The Specialized Agencies -- VIII. Operation of the International Trusteeship System I -- 1. The Problem of Sovereignty Over Mandated and Trust Territories -- 2. General Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- 3. Special Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- IX. Operation of the International Trusteeship System II -- 1. Political Advancement -- 2. Economic Advancement -- 3. Social Advancement -- 4. Educational Advancement -- X. Conclusion -- I. Population of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- II. Territorial Distribution of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- III. Distribution of the Mandated and Trust Territories -- IV. Composition of the Visiting Missions, 1947–1955 -- V. Educational Advancement in Trust Territories -- Organization of the Department of Trusteeship and Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories -- Selected Bibliography -- Tables -- Chart.
    Abstract: Bismarck once said: "I do not want any colonies at all. Their only use is to provide sinecures. That is all England at present gets out of her colonies, and Spain too. And as for us Gennans, colonies would be exactly like the silks and sables of the Polish nobleman who had no shirt to wear under them. " 1 It may be debated whether Bismarck was right or wrong, but the subsequent course of history e. g. , the Anglo­ French rivalry in Egypt, the Sino-Japanese war of 1894-1895, the Spa­ nish-American war of 1898, the Boer war of 1899-1902, the Russo­ Japanese war of 1904-1905, the Morocco crisis of 1906, the Turco­ Italian war of 1911, showed that the colonial territories, which were often treated as pawns in the diplomatic game for power, prestige, and markets were potential causes of war. 2 The chief cause of modern wars, if Hobson's analysis is accepted, is the competitive struggle of modern nations for economic privileges of one kind or another for powerful financial and trading groups of their 3 nationals. The keen desire of the Colonial Powers to acquire new mar­ kets and sources of raw materials by diplomatic pressure or force have been, according to him, "the chief directing influences in foreign policy, the chief causes of competing armaments, and the pennanent under­ lying menaces to peace.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. Evolution of the International Trusteeship System -- 1. Origin of the Idea -- 2. Inception of the International Mandates -- 3. Inter-War Years -- 4. International Trusteeship in Embryo -- 5. Evaluation -- III. Drafting of the Mandates and Trusteeship Articles -- 1. The Paris and San Francisco Conferences -- 2. Compromises in the Two Systems -- 3. Framing of the Mandates and Trusteeship Article -- 4. Role of the Powers -- 5. Reception of the Two Systems -- IV. Establishment of the Two Systems -- 1. The Interregnum -- 2. Submission of the Territories -- 3. Drafting of the Trusteeship Agreements -- 4. Approval of the Trust Agreements -- 5. Mandates and Trusteeship Texts -- 6. The Inauguration of the Two Systems -- V. The Territorial Application of the Two Systems -- 1. Territories Under Mandate -- 2. Territories Detached from the Enemy States -- 3. Territories Voluntarily Placed Under the System -- 4. Evaluation -- VI. The Agencies of International Supervision -- 1. The General Assembly -- 2. The Security Council -- 3. The International Court of Justice -- 4. The International Secretariat -- VII. The Permanent Mandates Commission and the Trusteeship Council -- 1. Composition of the Commission and the Council -- 2. Organization of the Commission and the Council -- 3. Functions and Powers of the Commission and the Council -- 4. The Specialized Agencies -- VIII. Operation of the International Trusteeship System I -- 1. The Problem of Sovereignty Over Mandated and Trust Territories -- 2. General Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- 3. Special Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- IX. Operation of the International Trusteeship System II -- 1. Political Advancement -- 2. Economic Advancement -- 3. Social Advancement -- 4. Educational Advancement -- X. Conclusion -- I. Population of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- II. Territorial Distribution of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- III. Distribution of the Mandated and Trust Territories -- IV. Composition of the Visiting Missions, 1947-1955 -- V. Educational Advancement in Trust Territories -- Organization of the Department of Trusteeship and Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories -- Selected Bibliography -- Tables -- Chart.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-9216-3
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  • 18
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    Online Resource
    The Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Community (1955)
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401509275
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (273p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Commercial law.
    Abstract: The Creation of the Court of Justice -- I. The Ratification Debates -- Views Expressed upon the Function of the Court -- The Nature of the Court -- Criticisms brought against the Court -- Opinions upon the Value of Appeals to the Court -- Opinions expressed upon Articles of the Treaty -- II. The Organisation of the Court -- The Judges -- The President of the Court -- The Chambers of the Court -- The Presidents of the Two Chambers -- The Juge Rapporteur -- Disqualifications -- Immunities -- The Ending of the Term of Office of a Judge -- The Advocates General -- The Registrar -- The Rapporteurs Adjoints -- The Attachés to the Court -- III. The Competence of the Court -- Categories of Competence granted to the Court -- An Analysis of the Competence of the Court -- IV. The Procedure of the Court -- Sessions and Deliberations of the Court -- The Vacations of the Court -- The Official Languages of the Court -- Representation -- The Submission of the Request -- The Written Procedure -- Third Party Intervention -- Preliminary Pleas of Defence -- The Instruction -- Witnesses and Experts before the Court -- The Oral Procedure -- The Judgement of the Court -- Corrections of the Judgement -- The Interpretation of the Judgement -- Judgements against a Defaulting Party -- Summary Procedure -- Actions concerning the Validity of the Délibérations of the High Authority -- The Amendment of the Powers of the High Authority -- The Withdrawal of a Case -- Costs -- Procedural Time Periods and Limitations -- Notifications -- V. Cases before the Court -- L’Union des Armateurs Allemands and others v. The High Authority -- Bunkerfirmen-Vereinigung v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of His Majesty the King of Belgium v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Italian Republic v. The High Authority -- L’Association ASSIDER v. The High Authority -- L’Association ISA v. The High Authority -- Société Anonyme de Charbonnages Réunis de la Minerie v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Netherlands v. The High Authority -- VI. The Proposed Future Development of the Court -- a. Proposed Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European Defence Community Treaty -- The Subordinate Tribunals of the Defence Community -- b. Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European (Political) Community Treaty -- Appendix I. The Ratification of the Treaty Instituting the European Coal and Steel Community -- a. Voting in the National Parliaments of the Six Member States -- b. Documents concerned with the Preliminary Discussions upon the Schuman Plan -- Appendix II. The Decisions and Recommendations of the High Authority — Arts. 33 and 35 of the Treaty -- A. Duties imposed upon the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- B. Powers granted to the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- Appendix III. Pecuniary Sanctions and Daily Penalty Payments — Art. 36 of the Treaty -- a. Decisions having Executory Force -- b. Agreement to Action Proposed by the High Authority -- c. Consultation with the High Authority -- Appendix VI. Obligations Imposed Upon Member States — Art. 88 of the Treaty -- Appendix VII. The Budget of the Court, 1954–1955.
    Abstract: THE CREATION OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY On 9th May, 1950, M. Robert Schuman, the then Foreign Minister of France, speaking at a Press Conference in Paris, outlined the idea of establishing a Community within Europe to control the production of coal and steel. "The French Govern­ ment", he stated, "propose to place the whole of the Franco­ German production of coal and steel under a common high authorityl within an organisation open to the participation of other countries of Europe ... This will form the first concrete step towards a European Federation, which is indispensable for peace" 2. This statement, apart from the specific mention of a high authority, does not mention any proposed organs of such a Community, and, as will appear, no firm idea of the Community's structure existed at all at that date. Six weeks after this announcement in Paris, a Conference composed of the six States that were to form the Coal and Steel 4 Community3 met under the presidency of M. Monnet • This Conference continued its work "consciencieux et discret, rue 5 Martignac" until March, 1951 • The first reference that one finds to a judicial organ to control the activity of the Community is contained in the document sub­ mitted by the Commissariat general au Plan 6. When compared with 1 The term is given in small letters as a description rather than as a title. 2 Bulletin Quotidien, llth May, 1950.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Creation of the Court of JusticeI. The Ratification Debates -- Views Expressed upon the Function of the Court -- The Nature of the Court -- Criticisms brought against the Court -- Opinions upon the Value of Appeals to the Court -- Opinions expressed upon Articles of the Treaty -- II. The Organisation of the Court -- The Judges -- The President of the Court -- The Chambers of the Court -- The Presidents of the Two Chambers -- The Juge Rapporteur -- Disqualifications -- Immunities -- The Ending of the Term of Office of a Judge -- The Advocates General -- The Registrar -- The Rapporteurs Adjoints -- The Attachés to the Court -- III. The Competence of the Court -- Categories of Competence granted to the Court -- An Analysis of the Competence of the Court -- IV. The Procedure of the Court -- Sessions and Deliberations of the Court -- The Vacations of the Court -- The Official Languages of the Court -- Representation -- The Submission of the Request -- The Written Procedure -- Third Party Intervention -- Preliminary Pleas of Defence -- The Instruction -- Witnesses and Experts before the Court -- The Oral Procedure -- The Judgement of the Court -- Corrections of the Judgement -- The Interpretation of the Judgement -- Judgements against a Defaulting Party -- Summary Procedure -- Actions concerning the Validity of the Délibérations of the High Authority -- The Amendment of the Powers of the High Authority -- The Withdrawal of a Case -- Costs -- Procedural Time Periods and Limitations -- Notifications -- V. Cases before the Court -- L’Union des Armateurs Allemands and others v. The High Authority -- Bunkerfirmen-Vereinigung v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of His Majesty the King of Belgium v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Italian Republic v. The High Authority -- L’Association ASSIDER v. The High Authority -- L’Association ISA v. The High Authority -- Société Anonyme de Charbonnages Réunis de la Minerie v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Netherlands v. The High Authority -- VI. The Proposed Future Development of the Court -- a. Proposed Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European Defence Community Treaty -- The Subordinate Tribunals of the Defence Community -- b. Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European (Political) Community Treaty -- Appendix I. The Ratification of the Treaty Instituting the European Coal and Steel Community -- a. Voting in the National Parliaments of the Six Member States -- b. Documents concerned with the Preliminary Discussions upon the Schuman Plan -- Appendix II. The Decisions and Recommendations of the High Authority - Arts. 33 and 35 of the Treaty -- A. Duties imposed upon the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- B. Powers granted to the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- Appendix III. Pecuniary Sanctions and Daily Penalty Payments - Art. 36 of the Treaty -- a. Decisions having Executory Force -- b. Agreement to Action Proposed by the High Authority -- c. Consultation with the High Authority -- Appendix VI. Obligations Imposed Upon Member States - Art. 88 of the Treaty -- Appendix VII. The Budget of the Court, 1954-1955.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-0927-5
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