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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642664380
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Communication and Cybernetics 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction to Syntactic Pattern Recognition. -- 1.1 Syntactic (Structural) Approach to Pattern Recognition -- 1.2 Syntactic Pattern Recognition System -- 1.3 Selection of Pattern Primitives -- 1.4 Pattern Grammar -- 1.5 High-Dimensional Pattern Grammars -- 1.6 Syntax Analysis as Recognition Procedure -- 1.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 2. Peak Recognition in Waveforms. -- 2.1 What is a Peak? -- 2.2 Practical Peak Recognition -- 2.3 Application to Electrocardiography -- 2.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3. Electrocardiogram Interpretation Using a Stochastic Finite State Model. -- 3.1 The Interpretation Problem -- 3.2 A Solution to the Interpretation Problem -- 3.3 A Simple Example -- 3.4 Application to Analog Signal Processing -- 3.5 An Example Application -- 3.6 The Solution to the Clock Signal Interpretation Problem -- 3.7 A Sample Clock Signal Search Tree -- 3.8 Conclusion -- References -- 4. Syntactic Recognition of Speech Patterns. -- 4.1 Background -- 4.2 Preprocessing and Feature Extraction -- 4.3 Syntax-Controlled Segmentation of Continuous Speech -- 4.4 Syntactic Recognition of Syllables and Words -- 4.5 Linguistic Interpretation of Speech Patterns -- 4.6 Automatic Learning of Speech Patterns -- 4.7 Conclusions -- References -- 5. Chinese Character Recognition. -- 5.1 Historical -- 5.2 The Morphology of Chinese Characters -- 5.3 Recognition of Chinese Characters -- References -- 6. Shape Discrimination. -- 6.1 Basic Considerations -- 6.2 Description of Contours in Terms of Polygons -- 6.3 Description of the Shape of Polygons -- 6.4 Fundamentals of Decomposition -- 6.5 Further Decomposition and Shape Description -- 6.6 Decomposition of Polygons with Holes -- 6.7 Implementation of the Decomposition Algorithm -- 6.8 Discussion of the Methodology -- References -- 7. Two-Dimensional Mathematical Notation. -- 7.1 Mathematics Notation -- 7.2 Coordinate Grammars -- 7.3 A Syntax-Directed Recognition Algorithm -- 7.4 Scope of Recognition Capability -- 7.5 Implementation and Efficiency -- 7.6 Summary -- Appendix 7.A -- Appendix 7.B -- References -- 8. Fingerprint Classification. -- 8.1 Historical Background -- 8.2 Syntactic Approach -- 8.3 Tree Grammar Approach to Fingerprint Pattern Recognition -- 8.4 Summary -- References -- 9. Modeling of Earth Resources Satellite Data. -- 9.1 The Satellite Data -- 9.2 The Model -- 9.3 Details of the Analysis -- 9.4 Inferring a Grammar for the Highways -- 9.5 Summary -- References -- 10. Industrial Objects and Machine Parts Recognition. -- 10.1 A Short Review of Leading Ideas -- 10.2 Levels of Knowledge -- 10.3 Hardware -- 10.4 Software -- 10.5 Pattern Recognition -- 10.6 Conclusions -- References.
    Abstract: The many different mathematical techniques used to solve pattem recognition problems may be grouped into two general approaches: the decision-theoretic (or discriminant) approach and the syntactic (or structural) approach. In the decision-theoretic approach, aset of characteristic measurements, called features, are extracted from the pattems. Each pattem is represented by a feature vector, and the recognition of each pattem is usually made by partitioning the feature space. Applications of decision-theoretic approach indude character recognition, medical diagnosis, remote sensing, reliability and socio-economics. A relatively new approach is the syntactic approach. In the syntactic approach, ea ch pattem is expressed in terms of a composition of its components. The recognition of a pattem is usually made by analyzing the pattem structure according to a given set of rules. Earlier applications of the syntactic approach indude chromosome dassification, English character recognition and identification of bubble and spark chamber events. The purpose of this monograph is to provide a summary of the major reeent applications of syntactic pattem recognition. After a brief introduction of syntactic pattem recognition in Chapter 1, the nin e mai n chapters (Chapters 2-10) can be divided into three parts. The first three chapters concem with the analysis of waveforms using syntactic methods. Specific application examples indude peak detection and interpretation of electro­ cardiograms and the recognition of speech pattems. The next five chapters deal with the syntactic recognition of two-dimensional pictorial pattems.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642963841
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Communication and Cybernetics 17
    Series Statement: 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 1.1 On the Physical Embodiment of Associative Information Structures -- 1.2 Implementations of Associative Recall -- 1.3 Mathematical Notations and Methods -- 2. Associative Search Methods -- 2.1 Addressing by the Contents -- 2.2 Content-Addressable Memories -- 2.3 Optimal Associative Mappings -- 2.4 Relationship of Associative Mappings to Pattern Classification -- 3. Adaptive Formation of Optimal Associative Mappings -- 3.1 On the Implementation of Conditioned Responses in Simple Physical Systems -- 3.2 Adaptive Filters Which Compute Orthogonal Projections -- 3.3 Recursive Generation of the Optimal Associative Mapping -- 4. On Biological Associative Memory -- 4.1 Physiological Foundations of Memory -- 4.2 Computerized Models of Associative Memory in Neural Networks -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: About the Scope of This Text This book contains two types of material ~ first, the many divergent and often diffuse meanings given to the concepts of association, associative memory, and associative recaZZ are expounded. A review of this kind was felt necessary because there apparently does not exist any single monograph which could serve as a reference to these topics. But the presentation of the main body of this text is motivated by quite other reasons: in recent years, plenty of interesting mathematical and system-theoretical material has been published which makes it possible to gain a view of associative memory which is different from the conventional abstract and computationally oriented approaches. It seems that the basic operation of associative memory, the storage of information together with the relations or links between the data items, and the selective recall of stored information relative to a piece of key or cue information presented, is not restricted to certain computer-technological implementations but can also be reflected in more general mathematically describable processes in certain physical or other systems, especially in their adaptive state changes. It further seems that some generally known forms of associative memory, namely, certain computer technological artifacts, or abstract systems of concepts or data, are in fact special representations of a class of processes characterized as associative memory.
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