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  • Undetermined  (132)
  • 2020-2024  (132)
  • 1930-1934
  • [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (132)
  • Research & information: general  (104)
  • Medicine  (28)
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  • Undetermined  (132)
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  • 2020-2024  (132)
  • 1930-1934
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036598536 , 9783036598543
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics ; heat transfer ; fluid flow ; experiments, simulation and modelling of fluid flow ; compressible and incompressible flow ; single- and two-phase flow
    Abstract: The Special Issue "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow 2022" contains scientific articles on experiments and simulations of heat transfer in compressible and incompressible fluids, including single- and two-phase flows. The articles present the current state of knowledge, solve scientific and industrial problems, and set directions for future research. The Special Issue is addressed to specialists from around the world dealing with numerical modelling and experiments on heat transfer in flowing fluids
    Note: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584379 , 9783036584362
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The assessment of semen quality is used to identify factors that influence sperm performance and diagnose male infertility. From the earliest works to the present day, a considerable number of analytical techniques have been developed. These tests study many aspects of the morphology and physiology of the spermatozoan; however, their ability to predict male fertility remains low. Some of these techniques have been automated, which can make the test results more objective, but others still require subjective evaluation. The introduction of computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) systems and flow cytometry has revolutionized sperm quality analysis in recent decades. However, the use of these advanced techniques remains experimental, with only a few of them having successfully led to practical applications in routine commercial semen evaluation. Future sperm biology research should focus on developing analytical techniques that have a greater capacity to predict male fertility and can be used in both the laboratory and the field. Field adaptation will require progress in automation and simplification, to produce precise, economical and efficient techniques. Nevertheless, as technology advances in these analytical tests and research continues, our greater understanding of male fertility will aid the development of new methods of sperm evaluation
    Note: English
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9783036582566 , 9783036582573
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (402 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Climate-change-induced extreme temperatures significantly impact crop production worldwide. Therefore, this Special Issue highlights several genetics, genomics, agronomic and physiological interventions in developing temperature-resilient plants
    Note: English
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  • 4
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584010 , 9783036584003
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (362 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Amid challenging environmental conditions throughout their life cycle, plants display an extraordinary ability to sense, process, and respond to a diverse array of stimuli with adaptability. The complexity of their stress responses unfolds across various levels—physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic, and cellular—demanding a profound comprehension of the intricate mechanisms at work. These stresses intertwine, triggering cellular damage and initiating a cascade of responses within plants. Critical growth phases under severe stress encounter mechanical damage and alterations in cellular macromolecule synthesis. While plants possess inherent defense mechanisms against oxidative damage, excessive oxygen production overwhelms their detoxification capacity, leading to detrimental reactions like loss of osmotic responsiveness, wilting, and necrosis. This reprint undertakes a comprehensive analysis, exploring multiple perspectives such as gas exchange, metabolomics, proteomics, isotopic, and genomic approaches, to unveil the drivers and specific strategies that empower plants to adapt to stressful growth conditions. By examining trait selection, phenotypic plasticity, and other factors, this reprint uncovers the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying plant resilience amidst adversity. A valuable resource for scientists, academics, and professionals, this reprint unveils the mysteries of plant resilience and productivity, fostering innovative strategies for sustainable agriculture in our ever-changing world
    Note: English
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  • 5
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583914 , 9783036583907
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science ; Probability & statistics
    Abstract: This reprint collects ten papers (plus an introductory chapter) showing how actuarial mathematics principles and tools can provide substantial support when implementing QRM phases, in particular when facing new risks or risks with changing features. The following specific topics are specifically discussed: the design of post-retirement benefits, the design of life and health insurance policies against new risks, advancements in mortality modeling, advancements in risk measures and risk models, reserving disclosure tools, and innovative approximation formulae for the mean duration
    Note: English
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  • 6
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586977 , 9783036586960
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Abstract: The aim of this Special Issue is to describe the recent approaches for and efficacious treatment of wounds from different aspects. These include the description of new ingredients (e.g. A.P.I., polymers) able to stimulate the wound healing, new delivery systems, new formulations as well as new understanding in the stimulation of physiological biochemical pathways (that change according to many factors such as age, sex, etc.) involved in wound healing
    Note: English
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  • 7
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586113 , 9783036586106
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint includes 14 articles in Biomedical Data Science in honor of Professor Philip Bourne. Contributed by world-renowned experts, these articles cover a broad range of topics in machine learning, biophysics, bioinformatics, and systems biology
    Note: English
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  • 8
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580968 , 9783036580975
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (330 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: This reprint contains the 19 articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations: Exact Solutions, Symmetries, Methods and Applications, 2023” of the MDPI “Mathematics” journal. This publication covers a wide range of topics pertaining to the theory and applications of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations and its generalizations. These journal covers special methods for constructing solutions to nonlinear nonintegrable partial differential equations and application of differential equations to describe physical, technological and environmental processes, among other topics. The main focus of this Special Issue is the use of computer mathematics methods to obtain the results of the presented works. We hope that the reprint will be an interesting and useful resource for those working in the area of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations: Exact Solutions, Symmetries, Methods and Applications, as well as those with the proper mathematical background and willingness to familiarize themselves with recent advances in nonlinear mathematical models. Nowadays, these influence almost all aspects of human life
    Note: English
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  • 9
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584386 , 9783036584393
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
    Abstract: The incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease are increasing worldwide due to aging and comorbidities. The classical neuropathogenetic model, which concentrates on brain amyloid plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and cholinergic system dysfunction, is being expanded and integrated with newer molecular models. Understanding the relationships between the classical pathogenetic pathways and newer hypotheses is imperative for guiding future research and developing effective drugs. The existence of newer molecular mechanisms such as risk factors, comorbidities like vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, and neuroanatomical/neurofunctional alterations as blood–brain barrier breakdown and neurovascular unit dysfunction, offer potential targets to improve Alzheimer's Disease diagnosis and treatment. This reprint provides an overview of the pathophysiologic role of newer and older molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease, shedding light on new insights for the development of new therapeutic approaches. It also highlights newer candidate markers of disease onset and progression
    Note: English
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  • 10
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585260 , 9783036585277
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (414 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
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  • 11
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586632 , 9783036586625
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The global karst distribution area is nearly 22 million km2, accounting for ca. 15% of land area, and the population living in karst areas is approximately one billion. Strong karstification makes the soil environment dry and with high pH and high content of calcium (bicarbonate). The karst environment with a high spatiotemporal heterogeneity seriously affects the growth and development of plants. Faced with these heterogeneous environments, plants have adopted diversified adaptive strategies. This Special Issue is a collection of 15 important research works, which demonstrated some achievements on the physiological and ecological adaption of plants to heterogeneous karst environments, and also explore how to extend the service period of plant resources in karst regions. These works will help to understand the karst-adaptability of plants from multiple perspectives and provide a scientific reference for the selection of karst-adaptable plants and the restoration of vegetation in karst areas. Meanwhile, they will provide theoretical support for organic integration towards economic, social and environmental sustainability of karst areas, and the beautiful vision of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains". In the future, we look forward to more emerging research on adaptive plants in the karst ecosystem, which will serve better in maintaining ecosystems (carbon neutral), ensuring food supply and promoting sustainable social development
    Note: English
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  • 12
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584706 , 9783036584713
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (402 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Nowadays, computational and mathematical methods provide effective tools for handling vast quantities of data and information in the fields of big data analytics, knowledge discovery and decision-making for solving complex problems in the world. The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the first edition of the Special Issue titled “Computational and Mathematical Methods in Information Science and Engineering”. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide a channel through which members of the scientific community can exchange insights regarding recent advances in the theory and application of computational and mathematical methods in information science and engineering, with the long-term goal being to solve data-handling problems in practice. We hope that the papers published in this Special Issue will be considered impactful by the international scientific community and motivate further research into computational and mathematical methods that can solve complex problems in various fields and applications
    Note: English
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  • 13
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584959 , 9783036584942
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Perennial woody plants usually face multifactorial adverse conditions during their long lifespan, which impairs their growth and productivity. To cope with these adverse conditions, trees deploy morphyological, physiological and molecular responses to adapt to the environmental constraints. By using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic approaches, many hub genes that are involved in stress response were identified. In recent years, with the advantages of transgenic technology in woody plants, many candidate genes participating in stress responses were functionally characterized and showed great potential for tree improvement under different stresses. On the other hand, cultivation strategies (including beneficial microorganism investigation, beneficial microorganism inoculation, mixed forest and so on) also play crucial roles in tree improvement under abiotic and biotic stress
    Note: English
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  • 14
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584287 , 9783036584294
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: In the age of neural networks and the Internet of Things (IoT), the search for new neural network architectures capable of operating on devices with limited computing power and small memory size is becoming an urgent agenda. This reprint focuses on recent developments in the organization of artificial intelligence (AI) on edge devices for various IoT-enabled smart applications and starts with the illustration of achievements in smart healthcare services. Digitalization of healthcare driven by the IoT and AI leads to the effective use of sensors, enabling various parameters of the human body to be instantly tracked and processed in daily life. The concept of machine learning sensors is applied to the diagnosis of COVID-19 as an IoT application in healthcare and ambient assisted living. Wearable sensors and IoT-enabled technologies also look promising for monitoring motor activity and gait in Parkinson's disease patients. IoT devices with AI can be effectively used in speech recognition and environmental monitoring, for detecting distracting actions in driver activities and for lifesaving applications such as child drowning prevention systems. Smart disaster rescue is an interesting development of a wearable device for search dogs that recognizes the behavior of a dog when a victim is found, using deep learning models. This reprint illustrates advanced cases of using AI technology for IoT-enabled smart applications
    Note: English
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  • 15
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584423 , 9783036584430
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Among terrestrial ecosystems, forests play a dominant role in maintaining biodiversity and providing ecosystem functioning, such as nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and ecosystem stability. Over the past several decades, however, global forests are facing unprecedented pressure from climate change and anthropogenic disturbances, resulting in a high rate of biodiversity loss due to deforestation, fragmentation, and degradation. Determining how to maintain biodiversity is extremely urgent if we want to achieve the aims of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The complex structure, species interaction, heterogenic environment, and regional species pool all affect the spatial and temporal patterns of forest species, but it is still unclear how these effects maintain long-term forest biodiversity as forests undergo rapid variations in habitat features under global change. This reprint includes sixteen published articles related to the dynamics of forest spatial structure, community assembly, forest recovery patterns after disturbance, spatial distribution of species diversity, effects of abiotic and biotic variables on understory species diversity, and above- and below-ground biotic interactions. These studies cover different forest types across varied spatial and temporal scales, as well as different biological groups (plants, birds and microbes). We acknowledge all authors who contributed to this reprint "Maintenance of Forest Biodiversity" of Forests. We hope this reprint can improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of forest biodiversity maintenance
    Note: English
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584799 , 9783036584782
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (358 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: Culinary herbs and spices confer characteristic flavors or coloring to food. In this Special Issue of Foods, we aim to focus on culinary herbs and spices from a health perspective. Substances of plant origin are often regarded as harmless. The intention of this Special Issue is to provide a science-based view of the health impact of naturally occuring ingredients in plants with a particular focus on the health impact of plants used as culinary herbs and spices. In this context, different aspects will be addressed, including toxicological, analytical, and regulatory issues regarding naturally occurring ingredients in culinary herbs and spices as well as in products, such as essential oils and the food supplements based on them. For this purpose, some select examples of these compounds will be utilized to illustrate potential effects on human health, together with knowledge gaps related to hazard and exposure assessment. Moreover, safety issues related to products, such as essential oils or food supplements containing extracts of culinary herbs and spices that have become widely available to consumers through several distribution channels in the EU, will be covered
    Note: English
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  • 17
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585383 , 9783036585390
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (526 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Plants under natural conditions often face multiple stresses, including drought, salinity, temperature extremes, submergence stress, bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, etc. These biotic and abiotic stresses negatively influence plant growth and productivity. Various approaches have recently been used to overcome stresses in plants. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This will help reduce production losses and increase crop tolerance to various stresses. It is now the time to make a difference by developing plants that can withstand biotic and abiotic stresses
    Note: English
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583808 , 9783036583815
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Assessing the risk of difficult-to-treat bacterial superinfections, such as multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacilli, according to comorbidities, lung abnormalities or systemic diseases, the severity of pneumonia and the risks of drug-related effects are crucial points for the clinical management. Despite the wide—and not always appropriate—use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, specific data about bacterial and fungal co-infection in COVID-19 patients are lacking, and confirmed evidence is urgently required to build prospective evidence and to support the development of antimicrobial policy and appropriate stewardship interventions. The present Special Issue aims to focus on the following key points: Importance of superinfections in COVID-19 patients who are typically characterized by immunosuppression related to viral infection, need for prolonged hospitalization, treatment with immunomodulatory therapies (steroids, monoclonal antibodies, etc.); Their impact on the outcome of a cohort of patients who are relatively young, with few comorbidities, but requiring prolonged invasive support; Incidence, characteristics and impact of bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative pathogens in the context of COVID-19 disease; Incidence, characteristics and impact of fungal infections, such as the most known invasive aspergillosis but also candidemia and/or other fungal infections (e.g., mucormycosis); Antimicrobial surveillance, control and management measures as implemented on a local, national and international basis
    Note: English
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  • 19
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584409 , 9783036584416
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Interconnections between graph theory and algebraic structure theory have always led to innovative solutions to problems in both areas and new research topics in Mathematics and other scientific fields. This reprint aims to emphasize the new theoretical aspects and practical applications of these two research areas. It contains 18 articles selected for publication in the Special Issue "Algebraic Structures and Graph Theory," printed by the MDPI journal Mathematics. The topics addressed by the manuscripts within this reprint cover different aspects principally related to transformation semigroups, Gamma-semigroups, differential graded algebras, BL-algebras, hypergroups and hyperfields, Cayley graphs, graph energy, crossing number, Laplacian spectral radius, hypergraphs, t-graphs, and ideal-based dot total graphs
    Note: English
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  • 20
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036555607 , 9783036555591
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: The theme is related to “Large Parks on Post-industrial Sites in Contemporary Urban Landscape Conceptions”, which is expounded in the fields of landscape architecture, landscape ecology and urban planning. A worldwide perspective is created so as to conduct cross-cultural research on the theories and practices of large-scale urban parks in North America, Germany and China. Through the scientific approach of ‘critical rationalism’, three design paradigms of large parks in different conceptions of contemporary urban landscapes are formulated based on quantitative and qualitative analysis, which are classified as the organic parks of North American ‘landscape urbanism’, the structural parks of German ‘landscape structuralism’ and the large parks of Chinese ‘urban inventory renewal’. By means of critical thinking in diverse cultural interpretations, the research aims to reveal remarkable similarities and differences between the cultures in the Western world according to their understanding of landscapes (coherent vs. creative), landscape and ecology (representation vs. metaphor), and landscape and life (diversity vs. unpredictability). Through theoretical analysis and case studies, it demonstrates that the international park paradigms characterised by complexity, diversity, sustainability, appropriation and identity can influence various socio-cultural, ecological, and aesthetic developments. Finally, the analytical results of the two park paradigms in Western countries are adopted in the examination of landscape architectural park models and urbanistic theoretical frameworks in China. This monograph is written primarily for scholars, professionals and students in the fields of landscape architecture, urban planning and architecture. The book, involving in-depth analysis about urban parks, green open spaces, green infrastructure and post-industrial landscapes, will have international appeal. It will appeal to readers at different levels. Above all, it may be of interest to professionals who are concerned with the topics urban parks and post-industrial landscapes, as well as Chinese scholars and experts, particularly those looking at China’s urban renewal and the ongoing transformation of post-industrial sites at different scales. This book will have strong implications for relevant urban landscape practices in China. Furthermore, it will be supported by the author’s colleagues from various countries such as Germany, Italy, USA, Canada, Brazil and China. Moreover, students to whom the author teaches courses of Landscape Architecture History and Theory and Landscape Planning and Design at BUCEA, as well as the international students at Collaborative Classes organized by BUCEA, TUM, and POLIMI (Politecnico di Milano, Italy), are encouraged to read this book
    Note: English
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  • 21
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583921 , 9783036583938
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The year 2021 marks the 10th anniversary of Journal of Clinical Medicine, and as one of the major sections of JCM, we are launching a 10th anniversary Special Issue in the section “Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine”. We accepted papers for the Special Issue, titled "Recent diagnostic and therapeutic advance in Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine". This medical field is a complex and wide-ranging field that deals with diseases in multiple organs such as the gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary pancreas. With recent advances in diagnostic imaging and interventional treatment, those in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, those in functional test and those in genetic diagnosis and drug therapy, including the molecular-targeted therapy, many new medical findings have been accumulated. In this Special Issue, we looked for reports that make full use of advances in diagnostics and therapeutics in the field of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine
    Note: English
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9783036583945 , 9783036583952
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: This reprint contains a summary of what has been presented at the 19th “Calorimetry for High Energy Physics Experiment” (CALOR) conference, which was held at the University of Sussex (Brighton, UK) in May 2022. The state of the art of particle detection, as well as of simulation tools for particle interactions with material, is presented and discussed by world leaders in the Research & Development of particle detectors, as well as early career researchers, sparking very exciting conversations within the detector development community during the five days of the conference
    Note: English
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  • 23
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577401 , 9783036577418
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Machine learning and deep learning have made tremendous progress over the last decade and have become the de facto standard across a wide range of image, video, text, and sound processing domains, from object recognition to image generation. Recently, deep learning and deep reinforcement learning have begun to develop end-to-end training to solve more complex operation research and combinatorial optimization problems, such as covering problems, vehicle routing problems, traveling salesman problems, scheduling problems, and other complex problems requiring general simulations. These methods also sometimes include classic search and optimization algorithms for machine learning, such as Monte Carlo Tree Search in AlphaGO. The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the Special Issue of Mathematics entitled "Advances in Machine Learning and Mathematical Modeling for Optimization Problems”. The articles presented in this Special Issue provide insights into related fields, including models, performance evaluation and improvements, and application developments. We hope that readers will benefit from the insights of these papers and contribute to these rapidly growing areas. We also hope that this Special Issue will shed light on major developments in the area of machine learning and mathematical modeling for optimization problems and that it will attract the attention of the scientific community to pursue further investigations, leading to the rapid implementation of these techniques
    Note: English
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  • 24
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583549 , 9783036583556
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This Special Issue focuses on novel and scarcely investigated topics in relation to atrial fibrillation (AF), from the role of f-wave harmonic spectral structures in improving the preoperative prediction of catheter ablation outcomes in AF to the design of a study to investigate the effectiveness of a hand-held device in screening for AF when embedded into the handles of supermarket trolleys. However, the management of AF is so complex that this Special Issue also explores the therapeutic approach to AF in patients with congenital hemophilia, provides exercise recommendations for patients with AF, and includes broader investigations, such as on the impact of integrated care on oral anticoagulation quality, the identification of clinical phenotypes to stratify mortality risk, and the assessment of differences in biomarkers between AF patients and healthy controls
    Note: English
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  • 25
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586762 , 9783036586779
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (534 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
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  • 26
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585369 , 9783036585376
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (558 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Plants under natural conditions often face multiple stresses, including drought, salinity, temperature extremes, submergence stress, bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, etc. These biotic and abiotic stresses negatively influence plant growth and productivity. Various approaches have recently been used to overcome stresses in plants. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This will help reduce production losses and increase crop tolerance to various stresses. It is now the time to make a difference by developing plants that can withstand biotic and abiotic stresses
    Note: English
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  • 27
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586755 , 9783036586748
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint presents recent advances in understanding the molecular processes that take place in adipose tissue inflammation in the context of obesity. It discusses the impact of adipose tissue inflammation on systemic metabolic alterations associated with excess adiposity, as well as its repercussion in several pathological conditions that may help to understand obesity-associated metabolic derangements
    Note: English
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  • 28
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036587110 , 9783036587103
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This Special Issue focuses on fundamental and applied aspects of the design, characterization, and properties of biopolymeric drug and gene delivery systems. It contains eleven articles, including nine original research papers and two reviews. The papers cover various topics related to the use of biopolymers (polysaccharides such as cellulose and its derivatives, starch and its derivatives, chitosan and its derivatives, hyaluronan, sodium alginate, agarose, arabinoxylan, heparin, cyclodextrin, peptides and proteins, and synthetic biopolymers) for delivery of various drugs and therapeutic nucleic acids. The biomaterials studied include polymer conjugates, nano- and submicroparticles, gels, films, and implants for drug administration via intravascular, intravitreal, buccal, topical, and implantation routes
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    ISBN: 9783036585284 , 9783036585291
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (368 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: The challenges in identifying effective therapies for CNS tumors continue to be daunting. Potentially effective targeted therapies must be able to penetrate the blood–brain barrier to reach the tumor and, in sufficient concentrations, to result in meaningful treatment responses. Moreover, molecular targets must be key drivers in the growth and progression of CNS tumors. Numerous potentially efficacious therapies have failed in randomized clinical trials due to other factors, including subclonal genetic intratumoral heterogeneity (particularly within malignant gliomas), epigenetic heterogeneity, and failure to target important factors involved in the tumor microenvironment. Developing effective targeted therapies requires a thorough fundamental understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors driving tumor progression, the interactions between CNS tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, and the key mechanisms of tumor treatment resistance. In this Special Issue, experts in the field of CNS tumors will highlight the most promising molecular targets in the development of treatments for patients with CNS tumors
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  • 30
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    ISBN: 9783036586304 , 9783036586311
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Analytical chemistry
    Abstract: In the context of the food industry, "Innovative Food Products and Processing" refers to the creation and application of cutting-edge techniques, technologies, and approaches. This vibrant industry covers a broad range of topics, with the aim of enhancing food quality, safety, sustainability, and the consumer experience. This Special Issue, entitled “Innovative Food Products and Processing” provides readers with a wide range of topics and applications in food science and technology, such as the use of food chemistry, biochemistry, fermentation, and microbiology, as well as new contemporary processing and preservation technologies and techniques for effective waste management and green technology for the food processing industry. “Innovative Food Products and Processing” is an excellent resource for food science researchers, food scientists, biochemists, nutritionists, and students. This publication's wide range of topics provides a complete overview of the most recent breakthroughs, cutting-edge technologies, and emerging trends in the food industry
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  • 31
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    ISBN: 9783036581880 , 9783036581897
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (322 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Ionizing radiation (IR) exposure can be deleterious for living tissues and eventually lead to illness or even death. DNA breakdown and the overproduction of highly reactive free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are considered initiators of IR-induced molecular and cellular damages, whereas NO, TGF-β and other pro-inflammatory cytokines are the primary effectors involved in radiation bystander effects (RIBE). Radiomodulators can reduce (radioprotectors and radiomitigators) or increase (radiosensitizers) IR damage. Past world events have highlighted the urgent need to develop predictive biomarkers of the IR absorbed dose and radiation countermeasures to reduce IR damage. Despite the strong economic and scientific efforts over the last decades, at present, drugs for effective protection against lethal IRs remain an unmet need. Moreover, the development of radiosensitizers that selectively increase IR damage in cancer cells but protecting, or at least do not affect, healthy tissues is also of unquestionable importance to improving patient survival and quality of life. It includes contributions that will help to understand the mechanisms involved in radiation-derived cellular responses and damage, the importance of free radical scavengers and antioxidant cellular defenses in preventing harm, and the relevance of the antiinflammatory response to improve recovery. In accordance, the mechanism of action and effectiveness of relevant radiomodulators are described and discussed, and novel clinical models and IR biomarker technologies are presented
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  • 32
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    ISBN: 9783036584201 , 9783036584218
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (622 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field
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  • 33
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    ISBN: 9783036586670 , 9783036586663
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: It has been known that cellular glutathione content and its speciation play a role, among others, in redox homeostasis, cell cycle control, immunological defense, and pathological abnormalities. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in the biotransformation of drugs and other endogenous or exogenous electrophilic species. Most of these cellular functions are related to the thiol function of the cysteine moiety.This reprint presents the publications that appeared in the Special Issue of Molecules, “Glutathione: Chemistry and Biochemistry.” The first three contributions review the present-day knowledge of the GSH/GSSG system and the most important GSH-related proteins involved in regulating various cellular events. The subsequent four contributions present selected interventions that modulate the GSSG/2GSH system. One of the contributions to this session describes a new HPLC method to quantify the reduced and oxidized glutathione levels. The third session involves three contributions demonstrating the role of GSH in the metabolism of different candidate and clinically used anticancer drugs. One of the contributions, a theoretical work, provides helpful information for developing GSH analogs with high ACE inhibitor activity.By purpose and content, this Special Issue is addressed to the vast number of life science researchers (academic and industrial) and medical professionals who are interested in or already engaged in research that involves glutathione
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  • 34
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    ISBN: 9783036585451 , 9783036585444
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint is the result of a Special Issue, which took place in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) during 2022-2023. The general topic of the reprint discusses the different uses, protection and promotion of food, always from a broad perspective, through 15 innovative research papers, from both qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches
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  • 35
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    ISBN: 9783036584133 , 9783036584126
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (328 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The reprint entitled “Metal-Based Drugs: Past, Present, and Future” covers some recent research and review articles in the field of metal-based drugs used in medicine. By purpose and content, this Book is addressed to the vast number of life science researchers and health care workers (chemists, pharmacists, biochemists, physicists, and doctors). Our initiative to publish in Molecules Journal the Special Issue entitled “Metal-Based Drugs: Past, Present, and Future” was honored by 13 groups totaling 74 scientists from Asia (India, Saudi Arabia, and Taiwan), Europe (Bulgaria, France, Ireland, Italy, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, and the U.K.), North America (Canada), and Africa (Egypt and South Africa). The number of involved researchers and the geographic distribution of their academic institutions indicate the great interest of the worldwide scientific community in discovering new metal-based drugs that can treat different diseases
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  • 36
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    ISBN: 9783036585680 , 9783036585697
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: This reprint contains 10 papers published in a Special Issue of the MDPI journal Mathematics concerned with hypercompositional algebra. The contributions, written by 24 authors from 10 different countries, cover a wide range of topics concerning the theoretical aspects, applications, and computational issues of algebraic hyperstructures. The reader will find a wide range of problems, arguments and methods that illustrate and provide insight into the variegated features of this theory. This reprint will be of interest to those working in abstract algebra, hypergroup theory, finite geometries or combinatorics, as well as to those who wish to familiarise themselves with recent advances in hypercompositional algebra
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  • 37
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    ISBN: 9783036585857 , 9783036585840
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The presence of pollutants (i.e., emerging contaminants, radionuclides, potential toxic metals, dyes, etc.) in water has a negative impact on the environment and presents a potential health risk for inhabitants. Among the existing technologies (i.e., advanced oxidation process, membrane filtration, biodegradation, etc.) that are used to remove them from water, adsorption has garnered significant interest due to its low cost and fast removal. The development of advanced materials and their application for water treatments have recently caught the attention of researchers.This reprint aimed to establish updated information on adsorption technology for water and wastewater treatments. The submissions selected for this SI focus on (1) applying reality technology for water and wastewater treatments and (2) exploring detailed adsorption mechanisms using current data (i.e., comparing changes in the properties of adsorbents before and after adsorption using appropriate techniques)
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  • 38
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    ISBN: 9783036585642 , 9783036585659
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The study of phase transitions in materials under high pressure and high temperature is a very active research field. In the last few decades, many important discoveries have been made thanks to the development of experimental techniques and computer simulation methods. Many of these achievements affect various research fields ranging from solid-state physics, chemistry, and materials science to geophysics. They not only involve deepening knowledge on solid–solid phase transitions, but also a better understanding of melting under compression. These modern discoveries, as well as the impact of pressure on structural, chemical, and physical properties, are central to the current Special Issue. Amongst other topics, it places particular emphasis on phase transitions and their effects on different physical properties
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  • 39
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    ISBN: 9783036585321 , 9783036585338
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: It is widely accepted that antioxidants can help in disease prevention by effectively quenching free radicals or inhibiting damage caused by oxidative stress. However, the final fate of antioxidants in the gut, how antioxidant metabolites affect gut microbiota, and how gut microbiota affect the metabolism of antioxidants are not fully understood. This Special Issue collected the latest research findings and review articles, bringing together current research and critical thinking on the fate of phytochemical antioxidants in the gut and the role antioxidant gut metabolites play in reducing oxidative stress in various gut and metabolic diseases. Both in vitro and in vivo studies relating to any of the following topics will be considered: fate of antioxidants in the gut; antioxidative activities of phytochemicals in the digestive system; molecular mechanisms of phytochemical antioxidants in maintaining gut health; and interactions of antioxidant metabolites and gut microbiota
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  • 40
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    ISBN: 9783036587158 , 9783036587141
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The human brain has hundreds of billions of neurons, and at least 7 million dendrites have been hypothesized to exist for each neuron, with over 100 trillion neuron–neuron, neuron–muscle, and neuron–endocrine cell synapses [1,2]. Our body continually receives stimuli from the outer environment, and our brain’s ability to respond to these stimuli is ensured through synaptic processes, motivating the foundations of this Special Issue.This reprint aims to underline the role of synaptic plasticity phenomena in our body and clarify the mechanism operated by neurons to guarantee these phenomena. The collection in the Issue comprises 14 papers, including 8 reviews and 6 original works, one of which is a protocol for differentiating neurons from human stem cells, and 5 are preclinical works
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  • 41
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    ISBN: 9783036583518 , 9783036583501
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The focus of this reprint is to draw attention to Greening Urban Spaces. Cities play a central role in advancing economic and social developments and addressing the challenges that humanity face today. Although cities provide access to better health services, urban life is also associated with factors that are deleterious to human health, such as increased stress, mental fatigue, pollution, as well as sedentary lifestyles and a disconnection to the natural environment. There is a growing consensus across many academic fields and health promotion policy areas that the provision of accessible and high-quality greenspace is a vital element in the effort against the adverse health effects of urbanization. However, there are still research gaps that need to be addressed before the health benefits of greenspaces can be fully integrated into practice
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  • 42
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    ISBN: 9783036584812 , 9783036584805
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (334 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains 25 articles about mental health considering various cross-cultural perspectives. The findings and insights obtained from these articles will help researchers, practitioners, educators, students, and the general public to better understand mental health from different perspectives. We hope that such insights will help build a more compassionate world, instead of a stigmatised one
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  • 43
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    ISBN: 9783036584515 , 9783036584508
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (346 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: “Advances in Transboundary Aquifer Assessment” features studies of transboundary aquifers, particularly at the border shared by Mexico and the United States, a semi-arid to arid region experiencing significant population growth and changing climate conditions. Aquifer assessment in a transboundary setting requires the cooperation of multiple jurisdictions, sometimes with different languages and cultures. The papers in this Special Issue represent a broad array of investigations of complex physical aquifer systems and related institutional settings, including identification and prioritization of needs and strategies for sustainable groundwater development and use; characterization of the physical framework of the aquifer, stressors on the aquifer system, and how those stressors influence the availability of groundwater in terms of its quantity and quality; and the incorporation of stakeholder input and prioritization directly into the process of aquifer assessment and model building
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  • 44
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    ISBN: 9783036584843 , 9783036584850
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The chemistry of natural products is rich in diversity, which can be noted from several perspectives. Plants, fungi, and marine organisms represent sources of small molecules characterized by unique complexity related to their varied scaffolds, functional groups, and stereochemistry. At the same time, extraction, de novo synthesis, derivatization, and semi-synthetic approaches represent challenging tasks for organic chemists. In parallel, analytical profiling of the content of organic compounds and microelements in natural matrices pushes experimental techniques to the edge of their potential due to the complex tasks involved in sample preparation and data elaboration. Additionally, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenes, as well as their semisynthetic derivatives, attract the interest of medicinal chemists due to their beneficial biological effects, which include antioxidant, antiproliferative, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. This Special Issue aimed to collect original contributions to describe the extraction, structural elucidation, and synthesis of natural, semisynthetic, and nature-inspired synthetic molecules. Moreover, articles that discuss the analysis of the content and bioactivity of natural compounds in complex matrices, as well as review articles that focus on the chemistry of natural products, were considered in combination with research articles that describe significant results in terms of their innovative synthetic and extractive, as well as advanced analytical, techniques (chromatography, 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectrometry, IR and UV spectroscopy, etc.)
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  • 45
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    ISBN: 9783036582467 , 9783036582474
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: The integration of various omics information—such as DNA, RNA, protein, and epigenetic regulation—brings new opportunities for the mining of important economic traits of animals and the analysis of molecular genetic mechanisms. Over the last three decades, world milk production has increased by more than 59%, from 530 million tonnes to 843 million tonnes. However, the genetic mechanisms behind milk fat traits remain largely undetermined. Milk is rich in fatty acids, proteins, and eight essential amino acids needed by the human body. The fatty acids in milk, namely, dodecylic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid, are the main energy substances in the human body, accounting for approximately 5, 10, 8, and 27 % of total fatty acids, respectively. Thus, decoding the genetics of milk fat traits can have a potential impact on product development, international trade, and consumption of milk components. This Special Issue focuses on applying the aforementioned advances to explore gene regulation and its molecular mechanisms in milk fat traits. The topics include but are not limited to: Research and application surrounding the genetic basis of important milk fat traits; Mining and function of excellent genetic resources for milk fat traits; Genetics of nutrition metabolism regulation and efficient production of milk fat; Epigenetic research on genes implicated in milk fat traits; High-throughput sequencing research surrounding genetics of milk fat traits; Construction of gene (including circRNA, lincRNA, miRNA, and mRNA) expression regulatory network maps
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  • 46
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    ISBN: 9783036586694 , 9783036586687
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (388 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: This Special Issue seeks to re-examine these changes in land relations in transitional China and rethink our understanding of human-environment interactions in both urban and rural areas, thus advancing theories in land-use science as a major component of land management and sustainability science
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  • 47
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    ISBN: 9783036584225 , 9783036584232
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (606 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field
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  • 48
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    ISBN: 9783036583860 , 9783036583877
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The concept of distance is important for establishing the degree of similarity and/or closeness between functions, populations, or distributions. As a result, distances are related to inferential statistics, including problems related to both estimation and hypothesis testing, as well as modelling with applications in regression analysis, multivariate analysis, actuarial science, portfolio optimization, survival analysis, reliability theory, and many other areas. Thus, entropy and divergence measures are always a central concern for scientists, researchers, medical experts, engineers, industrial managers, computer experts, data analysts, and other professionals. This reprint focuses on recent developments in information and divergence measures and presents new theoretical issues as well as solutions to important practical problems and case studies illustrating the great applicability of these innovative techniques and methods. The contributions in this reprint highlight the diversity of topics in this scientific field
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  • 49
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    ISBN: 9783036584645 , 9783036584652
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The increase in the volume of industrially processed products in the global food supply has coincided with an increasing prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases in many countries, suggesting that ultra-processed food consumption may be detrimental for human health. However, studies are still limited and underline the need to better understand the main determinants of their consumption and the mechanisms that may explain the associations between these products and human health. This Special Issue collected new studies investigating the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods, diet quality and human health, including those aiming to: Develop new tools to better determine the rate of consumption of ultra-processed foods in the population; Investigate the rate of consumption of ultra-processed foods in different subgroups of the population, including subjects following different dietary patterns; Analyse the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and markers of health status; Explore possible mechanisms behind associations between the consumption of processed foods and health By providing up-to-date assessments of ultra-processed foods consumption and health implications, these reports will contribute to understanding if future public health nutrition policies are needed
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  • 50
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    ISBN: 9783036585970 , 9783036585963
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The "Advance in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers" Special Issue establishes a connection between original research papers and reviews that showcase recent progress in the formulation, creation, and wide-ranging utilization of molecularly imprinted polymers. The content within this Special Issue encompasses a range of subjects pertaining to the chemistry of MIPs, encompassing aspects such as molecular modeling, the utilization of novel monomers and innovative synthesis methods for crafting MIPs, the synthesis and application of ion-imprinted materials, the selective extraction of organic compounds, the preparation of sensors, and the implementation of MIPs in the field of medicine. The compilation of scientific papers presented in this collection demonstrates the diverse landscape of research within MIPs chemistry, ultimately leading to the enhancement of desired traits and the exploration of fresh potential applications for these materials
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  • 51
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    ISBN: 9783036586151 , 9783036586144
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: “Green chemistry”, as a rather novel field of chemistry and chemical engineering, is one of the key routes to assist researchers in sustainable development. Among the most valuable assets of green chemistry, “green solvents” are primary candidates to replace the industry workhorses, i.e., conventional harmful solvents
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  • 52
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    ISBN: 9783036584317 , 9783036584300
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: We present our reprint dedicated to the study of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, OSCC remains a challenge for scientists and clinicians worldwide. This compilation of articles addresses novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of OSCC. Articles cover topics such as the combined use of pathway inhibitors in cancer control, the role of genes and microRNAs, the interaction between smoking and HPV infection, and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. These publications provide insights into the latest research and inspire further innovation
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    ISBN: 9783036586397 , 9783036586380
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: We summarized China’s water security status and issues based on the papers published in the Special Issue entitled "China Water Forum 2022". Our summaries and the published papers in this Special Issue are compiled into a reprint to help readers understand current research progresses on this topic
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  • 54
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    ISBN: 9783036585178 , 9783036585161
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Both vegetables and fruits, as plant-based foods, are known for their abundance of bioactive compounds, which play a crucial role in disease prevention. Researchers from various disciplines have dedicated significant efforts to understanding the compositions of these bioactive compounds and exploring how fruits and vegetables contribute to promoting health and preventing diseases. This reprint presents studies on the composition of bioactive compounds found in the main fruit and vegetable species, their health effects when consumed fresh or processed, and their mechanisms of action against human diseases, including in vitro and in vivo models
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  • 55
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    ISBN: 9783036580241 , 9783036580258
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the current progress in sports medicine, with a specific interest in surgery, exercise therapy, and multi-disciplinary research. With the advancement of society, more attention is paid to the quality of life, which emphasizes the importance of sports and exercise. Correspondingly, there is a great need for sports medicine. This issue collected novel findings on sports medicine in surgery, conservative therapy, and the application of exercise training in other disorders
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  • 56
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    ISBN: 9783036584447 , 9783036584454
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest advances in new horticultural propagation and breeding methods. The Special Issue “The State-of-the-Art Propagation and Breeding Techniques for Horticulture Crops” brings together some of the latest research results of new techniques in this field. It presents twelve original papers, which deal with a wide range of research activities
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  • 57
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    ISBN: 9783036584935 , 9783036584928
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Humans and animals are continuously exposed to different unwanted actions of compounds, including mycotoxins present in food, water, and air. The presence of mycotoxins is a reason for different disease states or tissue and organism dysfunction. New work should facilitate a more accurate description of the degree of species sensitivity and more efficient dietary management, using environmental influences to improve plant material and animal health quality during primary production. On the other hand, better knowledge of the different forms of enzymes participating in mycotoxin biotransformation would enable more efficient preventive and therapeutic actions in many disease states in which the aetiology was not fully understood until now
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    ISBN: 9783036585048 , 9783036585055
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Landscapes and cultural heritage have faced many challenges over time, including modifications and degradation that appear with time, overlaps with other challenges not previously observed, and the influence of cities and management. One of the most visible and globally discussed challenges is climate change. Therefore, there is an urgent need to launch initiatives to tackle climate change and other current challenges from the perspective of landscape and cultural heritage protection. This Special Issue presents selected papers of studies conducted in relation to the 28th Conference on the Series of Garden Art and Historical Dendrology entitled “Climate Change and Current Challenges for Landscapes and Cultural Heritage” that was held on 28 and 29 October 2021. This collection serves as a platform for the exchange of experiences among researchers from different scientific domains
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    ISBN: 9783036581743 , 9783036581750
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (334 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: Mountain forests and alpine ecosystems are rich in biodiversity and endemism, and they are also large global carbon stores. They are highly threatened by climate change, population growth and land use change. Mountains represent an ideal natural laboratory in which the evolution of social–ecological systems can be investigated and to the current challenges and opportunities that this past evolution has created can be assessed. Mountains have been centres of past development and conduits for the spread of crops, populations and technologies. They were and remain a locus for cultural interaction, as manifested recently in many parts of the world at the local level through pastoral–agricultural–urban interactions over access to space and resources, particularly water. The relevance and impact of this Special Issue on mountains goes beyond academia, as practitioners and policymakers need key information on the dynamics and changes in threatened ecosystems to help design and implement appropriate management strategies for sustainable mountain futures
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    ISBN: 9783036584898 , 9783036584881
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry
    Abstract: The most important class of polymers is block copolymers (BCPs) since they can be prepared through different methods and exhibit various properties combined with chemically different segments. The importance of block copolymers can be supported by the multitude of related manuscripts published daily, their use in practical applications in almost all areas, and novel discoveries based on BCPs in many aspects of life. This Special Issue focuses on various matters from different areas of block copolymer research, showing advances and applications in self-assembly, crystallization, synthesis, chemical modification, 3D printing, membranes, energy materials, nanotechnology, hybrid materials, micelles, order–disorder transition, and biomaterials
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  • 61
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    ISBN: 9783036585741 , 9783036585758
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, the cryptocurrency market has experienced exponential expansion. Evolving from sets of transactions primarily conducted on Internet fora into a significant market valued at over 1.2 trillion USD as of August 2023, today cryptocurrency trading occurs 24/7 on more than 600 platforms. Despite its persistent volatility, recurrent speculation bubbles and subsequent market crashes, the trading characteristics of cryptocurrency exchanges are similar to those observed in mature financial markets. Recently, the correlation between the most frequently traded cryptocurrencies, specifically Bitcoin and Etherereum, has increased significantly versus the stock indices and other financial assets, suggesting an emerging connectedness with the global financial markets. This Special Issue collected research studies that make steps towards developing a better understanding of cryptocurrency market, with a particular aim of confirming or denying the growing signs of market maturity. Most submissions focus on price fluctuations in the cryptocurrency exchanges and produce evidence of the cryptocurrency market’s evolution into a valid and interrelated component of the global financial markets. Interestingly, the events related to COVID-19 contributed to the intensification of this process. Some articles address the structure of the cryptocurrency market, including DeFi, the methods of obtaining consensus used, and the environmental impact of these transactions
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  • 62
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    ISBN: 9783036583990 , 9783036583983
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: The value of this volume, entitled “Anti-Racist Perspectives on Sustainabilities”, which includes insights from Black, Indigenous, immigrant, and settler communities, lies in its potential to transform our approach to environmental and social challenges. These communities have long endured the adverse effects of environmental degradation and climate change, often due to historical injustices and systemic racism. We developed more comprehensive and contextually appropriate sustainability solutions by integrating our unique knowledge, experiences, and cultural values. In this reprint, by emphasizing inclusivity and representation in decision making, we ensure that policies and initiatives address these communities' diverse needs and aspirations. Moreover, dismantling systemic racism within sustainability efforts is ethically imperative and vital to foster a more equitable and resilient society. Ultimately, embracing anti-racist perspectives on sustainability paves the way for a more sustainable future that uplifts and empowers all individuals and communities, promoting social justice alongside environmental stewardship
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  • 63
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    ISBN: 9783036583365 , 9783036583372
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Current advances in the knowledge of nonlinear dynamical networks, systems and processes, as well as their unified repercussions, allow us to include some typical complex natural phenomena, from the nanoscale to an extra-galactic scale, in an unitarian comprehensive manner. In other words, the physical, biological and financial data, as well as technological ones (mechanical or electronic devices), of complex systems available today can be managed by the same unique conceptual approach, both analytically and through a computer simulation, using effective nonlinear dynamics procedures. This volume collected some important advances in the fields of fractal curves, fractal analysis and fractional calculus, as well as new solutions of fractal differential equations. The works edited in the present technical publication are those that appeared in the Fractal and Fractional journal, in a Special Issue of the same name
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  • 64
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    ISBN: 9783036578446 , 9783036578453
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Today’s world demands unique and specific materials for precise engineering applications. If there exist limitations in changing or altering materials, then the only option is to improve the existing ones. This Special Issue of Coatings, “Research Progress in Thermal Layering and Deposition”, explores the various techniques related to surface coatings and similar surface modification techniques with a wealth of scientific and comparative results to better understand the current state of materials technology. The present volume also revels the opportunities and challenges associated with coatings techniques, and provides a futuristic approach to solutions
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    ISBN: 9783036584034 , 9783036584027
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue aims to update the current evidence and challenging topics centred around the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases. We gather ten original research articles and two literature reviews on recent efforts aimed toward the discovery of novel findings in different ocular research areas, including orbital, lacrimal, and eyelid disease, as well as glaucoma, retinal disease, myopia, and corneal disease
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  • 66
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    ISBN: 9783036584355 , 9783036584348
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are among the top five contributors to disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide. These disorders include a wide range of conditions, spanning from fractures, sports injuries, rheumatoid arthritis, and musculoskeletal pain syndromes to those mostly affecting older age groups like osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. MSK conditions often present diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms, complex anatomical aspects, and the variety of potential causes. Imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and guiding treatment for these disorders. In the past decade, the MSK radiology field has witnessed significant progress driven by breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI), the development of high-resolution equipment and novel imaging sequences, and the adoption of innovative multidisciplinary approaches. This Special Issue on skeletal radiology brings together a diverse collection of articles that showcase the latest advancements in this field. From evaluating flatfoot to exploring emerging targets for osteoarthritis treatment, the included studies provide valuable insights into diagnostic accuracy and the expanding applications of skeletal radiology techniques. This editorial aims to highlight the significance of these articles and their contributions to the field of skeletal radiology
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    ISBN: 9783036585413 , 9783036585406
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem that must be addressed. The global increase in CKD prevalence is associated with an increase in conventional disease risk factors (e.g., diabetes and hypertension), which may be exacerbated by additional variables such as environmental and occupational exposure to toxic compounds. Authors contributed to this Special Issue by highlighting the finding of potential novel biomarkers of the disease and more effective therapy alternatives, as well as works that enhance the understanding of CKD pathogenesis and its related complications
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    ISBN: 9783036583846 , 9783036583853
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
    Abstract: With the advancements in the medical and scientific fields, the global community has acquired a comprehensive understanding about brain insults and pathologies. In addition, new findings and discoveries are being made globally every day, which keep our curiosity high and drive a knowledge gain. Any brain insult or pathology is multifactorial, including a cascade of inflammation, necrotic, and apoptotic pathways; can be influenced by genetic or environmental factors; and may lead to chronic neurodegeneration or disabilities. This Special Issue, entitled “Brain Injury and Neurodegeneration: Molecular, Functional, and Translational Approach”, has addressed various important aspects of brain injury and neurodegeneration, such as TBI, cerebral hypoxia, epilepsy, AD, and SARS-CoV-2-mediated brain damage. It received appreciable global response, and published 18 peer-reviewed articles, including 10 research articles and 8 reviews. Briefly, it explores the recent coronavirus infection-mediated cerebral damage; discusses the mechanism of TBI, ischemia, hypoxia, and epilepsy; talks about neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and CONDCA; and, finally, reviews the translational values of phytochemicals in brain pathologies. In conclusion, this Special Issue provides a unique review on brain injury and neurodegeneration, and will be a good tool in enhancing knowledge in terms of brain disease-related pathology, mechanisms, and translational approach
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    ISBN: 9783036584072 , 9783036584065
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (368 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Brazil, the largest country in Latin America, is a multicultural country with abundant biodiversity, forests, and water sources. The country has experienced rapid urbanization and industrialization in recent decades, creating considerable social and economic progress. However, countless environmental and occupational risks that follow unregulated development still threaten the health of exposed children and adults from urban and rural areas. Despite a complex scenario of exposure to multiple contaminants, studies on the impacts on human health and well-being are sorely needed. Thus, building up comprehensive evidence on environmental and occupational health in Brazil is crucial to improving practices and policies toward stronger social development. This Special Issue comprises cutting-edge epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies, as well as literature reviews on all aspects of environmental and occupational health in Brazil. Studies on children, adults, and vulnerable populations related to toxicology, epidemiology, and public policies are especially welcomed. Manuscript topics include, but are not limited to, the adverse health effects of physical, chemical, and biological risks; exposure to air, water, soil and food pollution; metals and pesticides; organic solvents; dust; and climate change
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    ISBN: 9783036584188 , 9783036584195
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (614 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: 10th Anniversary of Plants—Recent Advances and Perspectives is a scientific paper collection specially published on the anniversary of Plants. Covering all major areas of plant science, it is a valuable guide through current achievements and future discoveries in this scientific field
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    ISBN: 9783036584720 , 9783036584737
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: The previous Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, ‘Integrating Clinical and Translational Research Networks—Building Team Medicine’, which highlighted our collective experience from the City of Hope and was published in 2020, was a huge success. Buoyed by the enthusiastic response from our peers and colleagues, we have embarked on bringing out Volume 2. The basic theme is the same—namely, integrating academic medical centers with the clinical network in various geographic locations to ensure that all patients, regardless of their physical proximity to major medical institutions, can benefit from recent clinical advances. As in the previous volume on the importance of including basic research scientists, our aim here is to highlight translational research approaches that leverage the combined knowledge, skills, experience, expertise, and vision of clinicians in academic medical centers, their affiliated community centers, and hospitals, together with those of basic research scientists. However, here we also strive to include bioinformaticians and data scientists. We look forward to sharing our team medicine experience with our colleagues around the world and trust that they will find the approach described in the articles included in this Special issue useful for guiding their approaches for treating cancer patients
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    ISBN: 9783036598925 , 9783036598918
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics ; Electricity, electromagnetism & magnetism ; optimization design ; magnetic isolation ring ; dynamic response characteristics ; simulation ; transition jitter ; heat-assisted magnetic recording ; magnetic footprints ; antenna miniaturization ; ME antenna ; mason equivalent circuit model ; finite element simulation ; high gain ; electrodeposition ; permalloy ; magnetoresistance ; MOKE ; AMR ; FMR ; planar hall effect ; gradiometer ; magnetic sensor ; synthetic multiferroic ; interconnects ; magnetic logic devices ; spintronics ; spin-transfer torque magnetic tunnel junctions (STT-MTJ) ; Ising annealing system ; combinatorial optimization problem ; magnetostriction ; magneto-deformation ; magnetoactive elastomer ; normal force ; hysteresis ; magnetorheological elastomer ; finite element method ; micromagnetics ; spin and charge drift-diffusion ; MRAM ; SOT-MRAM ; temperature scaling ; temperature effects ; incubation time ; n/a
    Abstract: This Special Issue focuses on topics related to spintronic devices, such as spin-based magnetoresistive memories, multiferroic interconnects and sensors, microfluidic solenoid valves, and magnetoelectric antennas with broad practical applications
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    ISBN: 9783036597867 , 9783036597874
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geohazard modeling ; Spatial&ndash ; temporal prediction ; Machine learning
    Abstract: Geohazards, such as landslides, rock avalanches, debris flow, ground fissures, and ground subsidence, pose a significant threat to people’s lives and property. Recently, machine learning (ML) has become the predominant approach in geohazard modeling, offering advantages such as an excellent generalization ability and accurately describing complex and nonlinear behaviors. However, the utilization of advanced algorithms in deep learning remains poorly understood in this field. Additionally, there are fundamental challenges associated with ML modeling, including input variable selection, uncertainty quantification, and hyperparameter tuning. This reprint presents original research exploring new advances and challenges in the application of ML in the spatial–temporal modeling of geohazards. The contributions cover the susceptibility analysis of glacier debris flow and landslides, the displacement prediction of reservoir landslides, slope stability prediction and classification, building resilience evaluation, and the prediction of rainfall-induced landslide warning signals
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  • 74
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    ISBN: 9783036551296 , 9783036551302
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The book largely reflect the structural diversity of echinoderm metabolites including triterpene glycosides and fucosylated chondroitin sulfates, as well as branched fatty acids, di- and triacylglycerols and other lipid classes from the sea cucumbers, polyhydroxysteroids from starfish and different classes of sphingolipids from sea cucumbers and starfish. Finally, the MS-based metabolomic approach, which is very helpful for the estimation of such diversity, is discussed. The materials from the Special Issue also illustrate the biomedical potential of the presented metabolites as cytotoxins and anticoagulants. The in silico approach broadens the possibilities to investigate the mechanisms of the action of membranolytic compounds
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    ISBN: 9783036553672 , 9783036553689
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: This book focuses on applications of the theory of fractional calculus in numerical analysis and various fields of physics and engineering. Inequalities involving fractional calculus operators containing the Mittag-Leffler function in their kernels are of particular interest. Special attention is given to dynamical models, magnetization, hypergeometric series, initial and boundary value problems, and fractional differential equations, among others
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    ISBN: 9783036554303 , 9783036554297
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Polymer-based materials applications in sensors, actuators, and energy conversion play a key role in recently developing areas of smart materials and electronic devices. These areas cover the synthesis, structures, and properties of polymers and composites, including energy-harvesting devices and energy-storage devices for electromechanical (electrical to mechanical energy conversion) and magneto-mechanical (magnetic to mechanical energy conversion), light-emitting devices, and electrically driving sensors. Therefore, the modulation of polymer-based materials and devices for controlling the detection, actuation, and energy with functionalized relative device can be achieved with the present reprint, comprising 12 chapters.This reprint is principally concerned with the topic of materials of materials, especially polymers. The contents not only involve essential information but also possess many novel academic applications in the fields. This Special Issue's title is "Polymer Materials in Sensors, Actuators and Energy Conversion" and covers the research field of polymers .Finally, I am very proud of my dear wife Winnie, son Vincent, and daughter Ruby. I thank them for supporting me in finishing the reprint. The reprint, involving 2 reviews and 10 regular papers, has been accomplished, and I am deeply thankful to all the authors for their assistance in producing a reprint with considerable number of chapters. I also hope that readers can achieve some useful understanding of polymer materials in sensors, actuators, and energy conversion, and that that they will be employed by scientists and researchers
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    ISBN: 9783036553344 , 9783036553337
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: This reprint is related to the latest research in the field of thyroid surgery, including molecular and imaging diagnosis, surgical treatment, and the treatment of recurrent disease and advanced thyroid carcinoma
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    ISBN: 9783036551678 , 9783036551685
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Food allergy, a specific immune response that occurs reproducibly upon exposure to a food allergen, is an increasing public health problem, causing a significant burden for affected patients, resulting in dietary restrictions, fear of accidental ingestions and related risk of severe reactions, and reduced quality of life. Clinical presentation ranges from mild to life-threatening symptoms. Component-resolved diagnosis with recombinant allergens has improved the diagnosis and, consequently, clinical management. Currently, there is no specific treatment for food allergy, so the only available management is limited to strict dietary avoidance, education on prompt recognition of symptoms, and emergency treatment of adverse reaction. In parallel, novel knowledge on the pathogenesis of food allergy is opening the way to new trials investigating several allergen-specific and allergen non-specific therapies, aiming to prevent the development of food allergy and acquire a persistent food tolerance
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    ISBN: 9783036553856 , 9783036553863
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: In this Topical Collection, ten articles (one review and nine research articles) are published in a time span of 2021-2022. All articles are written by experts in the field of Separation Techniques who were invited to contribute to the presentation of the current status in separation science. The authors were invited to answer the questions: What is the state-of-the-art in Separation Sciences? What advances have been reported recently? Last but not least, what are the future perspectives? The Editor and authors hope that the readers will find valuable information in the topic
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    ISBN: 9783036553788 , 9783036553771
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: This reprint is dedicated to the study of brain activity related to emotional and attentional involvement as measured by Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems designed for different purposes. A BCI system can translate brain signals (e.g., electric or hemodynamic brain activity indicators) into a command to execute an action in the BCI application (e.g., a wheelchair, the cursor on the screen, a spelling device or a game). These tools have the advantage of having real-time access to the ongoing brain activity of the individual, which can provide insight into the user's emotional and attentional states by training a classification algorithm to recognize mental states. The success of BCI systems in contemporary neuroscientific research relies on the fact that they allow one to "think outside the lab". The integration of technological solutions, artificial intelligence and cognitive science allowed and will allow researchers to envision more and more applications for the future. The clinical and everyday uses are described with the aim to invite readers to open their minds to imagine potential further developments
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    ISBN: 9783036549415 , 9783036549422
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Insects have successfully inhabited all freshwater habitats on Earth and are often the most diverse and abundant species in streams and ponds. With a disproportionally high species richness compared to the area covered by freshwaters, aquatic insects represent a hotspot of diversity. They play crucial roles in aquatic food webs as primary consumers, detritivores, and predators, but they also represent an important food resource for aquatic and terrestrial predators. Many aquatic insect orders, such as mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies, include taxa that are highly sensitive to habitat alterations, reflecting the health of the overall aquatic ecosystem. This feature is exploited by many scientists and practitioners around the world for water and environment quality monitoring. Despite their importance in term of diversity, ecosystem services and bioindication, many aquatic insect species are critically endangered, mainly due to anthropogenic pressures on freshwaters and climate change. Although the research efforts on aquatic insects tremendously increased during the 21st century, much is still left undiscovered. This Special Issue addresses existing knowledge gaps and increases our understanding of taxonomic diversity and phylogeny, distribution patterns, and community ecology of aquatic insects through 15 new studies that cover most of the aquatic insect orders over a wide geographic range. In a context of rapid global biodiversity loss, accelerating the acquisition of both fundamental and applied knowledge is crucial
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    ISBN: 9783036553818 , 9783036553825
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on exercise and physical activity research among people living with diabetes and covers a broad overview of exercise-related topics. These range from short-term effects of exercise and using daily activity measurements as vital signs in diabetes care centers to the health and fitness benefits of resistance and aerobic exercise training of all kinds, exercise prescription as a form of complementary medicine, as well as the challenges faced by children and/or adults regarding exercise programming at the community level. The goal was to cover a broad range of diabetes research, including all forms of diabetes mellitus across all life spans
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    ISBN: 9783036553375 , 9783036553382
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: Agriculture, as the main source of alimentation and the most important economic activity globally, is being affected by the impacts of climate change. To maintain and increase our global food system production, to reduce biodiversity loss and preserve our natural ecosystem, new practices and technologies are required. This book focuses on the latest advances in remote sensing technology and agricultural engineering leading to the sustainable agriculture practices. Earth observation data, in situ and proxy-remote sensing data are the main source of information for monitoring and analyzing agriculture activities. Particular attention is given to earth observation satellites and the Internet of Things for data collection, to multispectral and hyperspectral data analysis using machine learning and deep learning, to WebGIS and the Internet of Things for sharing and publishing the results, among others
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    ISBN: 9783036553016 , 9783036553023
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (454 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Functional nutrition is deeply connected with healthy lifestyle and sustainable food production, due to its positive health benefits and the use of economically underexplored and natural raw materials. Expectedly, it appeals to large number of interested consumers while becoming lucrative segment of the food industry with a fast-growing market fueled by new sociodemographic trends. Accordingly, functional juices and beverages made of indigenous fruits are interesting niche for various food market stakeholders. Here, biologically active compounds (BACs) and probiotics that have positive health effects in functional foods (juices) are mostly thermolabile. This is especially important for industry that still employs classical heat treatments (e.g., pasteurization), while being concerned with degradation of food quality in the final products. To prevent this, focus is on designing economic and ecological technologies that are able to preserve nutritional and sensory quality while maintaining microbiological stability in products. Such approaches are based on low-energy consumption and low-impact processing, e.g. "hurdle technology" that combines advanced and conventional methods (e.g., high-power ultrasound, pulse electric field). Food design is another important focus point for consumers' sensory appeal and economic success of foods. Hence, technologies as 3D food printing can be particularly useful for manufacturing. Based on the above, presented topics are relevant to sustainable functional food production, functional fruit juices, BACs, "hurdle technology," advanced food processing, 3D food printing, and authentic fruits
    Note: English
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  • 85
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036542584 , 9783036542577
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue introduces recent research results on MEMS packaging and 3D integration whose subjects can be divided as follow; three papers on biocompatible implantable packaging, three papers on interconnect, three papers on bonding technologies, one paper on vacuum packaging, and three papers on modeling and simulation
    Note: English
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9783036541518 , 9783036541525
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have long histories in the healthcare sector, offering the opportunity to develop a wide range of tools and applications aimed at improving the quality of care and efficiency of services for professionals and patients alike. The best-known examples of VR-AR applications in the healthcare domain include surgical planning and medical training by means of simulation technologies. Techniques used in surgical simulation have also been applied to cognitive and motor rehabilitation, pain management, and patient and professional education. Serious games are ones in which the main goal is not entertainment, but a crucial purpose, ranging from the acquisition of knowledge to interactive training.These games are attracting growing attention in healthcare because of their several benefits: motivation, interactivity, adaptation to user competence level, flexibility in time, repeatability, and continuous feedback. Recently, healthcare has also become one of the biggest adopters of mixed reality (MR), which merges real and virtual content to generate novel environments, where physical and digital objects not only coexist, but are also capable of interacting with each other in real time, encompassing both VR and AR applications.This Special Issue aims to gather and publish original scientific contributions exploring opportunities and addressing challenges in both the theoretical and applied aspects of VR-AR and MR applications in healthcare
    Note: English
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  • 87
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036540412 , 9783036540429
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The search for dietary patterns or food bioactive derivatives that may serve as a panacea for health issues has been a topic of interest for several millennia. It is not surprising that this trend in food research is continuing today particularly in relation to brain and cardiometabolic health, given the huge burden they pose on human health, with no geographical boundaries. Currently, there is an increasing demand for 'pure' and 'clean' foods as well as potent bioactive ingredients that can promote beneficial health outcomes. Several studies, including in vitro investigations, clinical trials, and observational studies related to food and nutritional patterns have already identified, proposed, and in some cases challenged the mechanisms of action of these foods and food ingredients. The book "Food bioactives and impact on brain and cardiometabolic health findings from in vitro to human studies" has gathered innovative, high-quality research manuscripts (letters to the editor, original research and review papers) on bioactive constituents of foods and dietary patterns which can directly impact upon brain and cardiometabolic health. These manuscripts reporting on different areas of this research field, from the description of new conceptual ideas, mechanisms of action, and structural modelling to clinical trials and observational studies
    Note: English
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  • 88
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036541730 , 9783036541747
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: How can a city advance from social invention to social innovation, to attain sustainable urban development (SUD)? Many new ideas, initiatives, and showcases for social innovation have been introduced; however, project-based forms of experimentation are often just part of the ongoing urban politics (or governmentality), and consequently somewhat ephemeral, with traditional siloed city administrations remaining a central obstacle to SUD. Our Special Issue presents twelve papers that address the question of social innovation in sustainable urban development from very different angles. The contributions span issues concerning smart cities, innovation in the adaptive reuse of urban heritage, as well as policy options for regions in transition. In terms of social innovation for SUD purposes, the presented solutions range from transferable legal formalizations to the creation of urban ecosystems whose institutional structures ensure the inclusion of the civil society. Instead of a comprehensive, integrative SUD, robust sectoral solutions, or even phased solutions, are more likely to be sought
    Note: English
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  • 89
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036541884 , 9783036541877
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The world is changing rapidly in the age beyond Coronavirus. The current period of deprivation and anxiety, together with the coming global economic crisis, will usher in new consumer attitudes and behaviors that will change the nature of today's capitalism. There are signs today of a growing anti-consuming movement with five types of anti-consumerists: life simplifiers, degrowth activists, climate activists, food choosers, and conservation activists. Citizens will reexamine what they eat, how much they eat, and how all this is influenced by class issues and inequality. Consequently, the food supply chain network will have to change dramatically, adjusting to the new attitudes, perceptions and preferences of the consumers of a post-COVID-19 era. Innovation will play a vital role in modernizing the food supply chain to meet the new challenges of the upcoming global economy. The process "from farm to fork" as the holistic approach to the production and consumption of food will become a key factor for the sustainability and the progress of the food industry. This Special Issue is focused on 11 selected topics from different parts of the agrifood supply chain in view of the post-COVID-19 era expanding from innovative scientific insights and technological advances of natural resources, organic pollutants identification, new food product development, traceability, and packaging, chain management, to consumer's attitudes, and eating motivations, aiming to tackle the foreseen changes of global economy
    Note: English
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  • 90
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036541921 , 9783036541914
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (456 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Mounting evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between metabolism and inflammation. Molecular crosstalk between these processes occurs at different levels with the participation of nuclear receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). There are three PPAR isotypes, α, β/δ, and γ, which modulate metabolic and inflammatory pathways, making them key for the control of cellular, organ, and systemic processes. PPAR activity is governed by fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives, and by drugs used in clinics (glitazones and fibrates). The study of PPAR action, also modulated by post-translational modifications, has enabled extraordinary advances in the understanding of the multifaceted roles of these receptors in metabolism, energy homeostasis, and inflammation both in health and disease. This Special Issue of IJMS includes a broad range of basic and translational article, both original research and reviews, focused on the latest developments in the regulation of metabolic and/or inflammatory processes by PPARs in all organs and the microbiomes of different vertebrate species
    Note: English
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  • 91
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036536859 , 9783036536866
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: With the development of analytical instruments, the academic system has become more complicated, producing new journals one after another. Therefore, it became much important to clarify what is original of "Medicines". As the name Medicines indicates, it includes science and practice of caring for a patient and managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment or palliation of their injury or disease. Therefore, Medicines differs from other journals with similar title in that it covers a wide range of fields, from traditional medicine to rapidly developing molecular-targeted drugs, focusing on their pharmacological effects, structure-activity relationships, metabolic pathways, gene expression, using cultured cells, animals, and clinical trials. Most parts of this Special Issue were written by our editorial board members, who described the research topics and how they are engaged in their field of research. All of these articles are their life-long story. We collected a total number of 22 original works by basic researchers and clinical doctors. We hope that readers can get a chance to know the current status of diverse fields of medicines, and what your most important research themes are after reading these articles
    Note: English
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  • 92
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036549392 , 9783036549408
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Dairy foods make up an important part of the diets of billions of people across the globe. The nutrient composition of dairy foods adds significantly to a healthy diet, as dairy foods are an excellent or very good source of calcium, high quality protein, potassium, and riboflavin. On the other hand, some research has related dairy intake to the occurrence of certain chronic diseases. The science behind the health properties of dairy foods continue to evolve. This monograph presents current research aimed and understanding the health benefits and risks from the consumption of dairy foods
    Note: English
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  • 93
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036552743 , 9783036552736
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (182 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Epidemiology & medical statistics
    Abstract: In this Special Issue of Viruses, we present original research, reviews and commentaries that contribute to improving our understanding of the viral infection of placenta and fetal cells, or that report on the maternal and fetal outcomes after an emerging viral infection during pregnancy
    Note: English
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  • 94
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036553320 , 9783036553313
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Nowadays, renewable energy plays an important role in our daily lives. This Special Issue addresses the current trend in the use of renewable energy in South Korea. The first aspect is a renewable-based power system, where both main and ancillary supplies are sourced from renewable energies; the second aspect is a distribution network for renewable energy; and the last aspect is a nanogrid network technology. Renewable energy requires many innovations over existing power infrastructure and regulation. These articles show the changing trend in various sectors in Korea
    Note: English
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  • 95
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036552255 , 9783036552262
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The first detection on Earth of a gravitational wave signal from the coalescence of a binary black hole system in 2015 established a new era in astronomy, allowing the scientific community to observe the Universe with a new form of radiation for the first time. More than five years later, many more gravitational wave signals have been detected, including the first binary neutron star coalescence in coincidence with a gamma ray burst and a kilonova observation. The field of gravitational wave astronomy is rapidly evolving, making it difficult to keep up with the pace of new detector designs, discoveries, and astrophysical results. This Special Issue is, therefore, intended as a review of the current status and future directions of the field from the perspective of detector technology, data analysis, and the astrophysical implications of these discoveries. Rather than presenting new results, the articles collected in this issue will serve as a reference and an introduction to the field. This Special Issue will include reviews of the basic properties of gravitational wave signals; the detectors that are currently operating and the main sources of noise that limit their sensitivity; planned upgrades of the detectors in the short and long term; spaceborne detectors; a data analysis of the gravitational wave detector output focusing on the main classes of detected and expected signals; and implications of the current and future discoveries on our understanding of astrophysics and cosmology
    Note: English
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  • 96
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036553191 , 9783036553207
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (376 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an established inherited amino acid disorder with a very traditional dietary therapy, but there is still more to learn and verify about its nutritional composition, application and overall effectiveness. Although in the 1950s, the first patient successfully treated with diet therapy patently established the role of a low phenylalanine protein substitute, in present times, it is still necessary to characterise the most effective source of artificial protein; defining its optimal amino acid profile; and identifying nutrient modulation that will improve the functionality of protein substitutes. It is also important to understand the impact of a life-long synthetic diet on gut microbiota, metabolomics and inflammatory status. In early-treated patients with PKU, it is unclear if co-morbidities such as overweight, obesity, hypertension and diabetes are higher than in the general population and if these are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. It is also uncertain if overweight and obesity in PKU is related to early dietary practices, the nutritional composition of protein substitutes and special low-protein foods, impact of the dietary treatment on satiety, disordered eating patterns, non-adherence with the low phenylalanine diet and poor metabolic control, or if this is even a consequence of the disorder. In a generation of ageing patients, the impact of intermittent and suboptimal dietary adherence on nutritional status deserves systematic study
    Note: English
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  • 97
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036553474 , 9783036553481
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This book describes the causes, diagnosis, and effects of food allergy. It goes deeper into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of food allergy and, in particular, into effects of the processing of certain nutrients, e.g., cow's milk on the allergenicity of proteins. The book also focuses on new nutrients, e.g., seaweed, and possible effects on allergy and inflammation
    Note: English
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  • 98
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036553580 , 9783036553573
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Zoology & animal sciences
    Abstract: In this Special Issue, we present the state of the art in the field of pig genetics and genomics, including the identification of gene candidates linked to important pig traits and to nutritional modifications, with the aim of collecting the most recent advances. The published manuscripts focused on high-throughput methodologies, such as RNA sequencing, ATAC-seq, MACE-seq, chip-seq, and RRBS, and covered other fields of pig genetics. The pig (Sus scrofa) is the most common large mammal in the world. The Sus genus includes domestic pig and wild boar. Since the draft reference genome sequence of S. scrofa was assembled in 2012, the processes of identification of genes related to important phenotypic traits and of search of genetic markers for pig selection have been significantly refined. In addition, the newest wide-range high-throughput techniques, including microarrays, next-generation sequencing, and the recent PacBio sequencing platform providing ultra-long sequencing reads, allow identifying gene mutations and gene candidates throughout the whole genome, transcriptome, or epigenome and estimating quantitative traits important for breeding as well as the genetic backgrounds of inherited diseases
    Note: English
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  • 99
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036551333 , 9783036551340
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This book focuses on some fundamental issues of polymers' natural degradation. It is mostly devoted to the different aspects of biodegradation, but some data on the action of water, oxygen, ozone, and UV/Vis light is also included. The consideration of the biodegradation in vivo as the superposition of decay and synthesis provides the opportunity for a fresh look at well-known processes
    Note: English
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  • 100
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036552750 , 9783036552767
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The thematic range of this book is wide and can loosely be described as polydispersive. Figuratively, it resembles a polynuclear path of yielding (poly)crystals. Such path can be taken when looking at it from the first side. However, a closer inspection of the book's contents gives rise to a much more monodispersive/single-crystal and compacted (than crudely expected) picture of the book's contents presented to a potential reader. Namely, all contributions collected can be united under the common denominator of maximum-entropy and entropy production principles experienced by both classical and quantum systems in (non)equilibrium conditions. The proposed order of presenting the material commences with properly subordinated classical systems (seven contributions) and ends up with three remaining quantum systems, presented by the chapters' authors. The overarching editorial makes the presentation of the wide-range material self-contained and compact, irrespective of whether comprehending it from classical or quantum physical viewpoints
    Note: English
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