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  • 1
    ISBN: 9783031456381 , 9783031456374
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (275 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Ethics & moral philosophy ; Philosophy ; Technology: general issues ; Artificial intelligence ; Kantian ethics ; technology ; social media addiction ; artificial intelligence ; distraction
    Kurzfassung: In this open access book, Timothy Aylsworth and Clinton Castro draw on the deep well of Kantian ethics to argue that we have moral duties, both to ourselves and to others, to protect our autonomy from the threat posed by the problematic use of technology. The problematic use of technologies like smartphones threatens our autonomy in a variety of ways, and critics have only begun to appreciate the vast scope of this problem. In the last decade, we have seen a flurry of books making “self-help” arguments about how we could live happier, more fulfilling lives if we were less addicted to our phones. But none of these authors see this issue as one involving a moral duty to protect our autonomy
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789819958733 , 9789819958726
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (265 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Higher & further education, tertiary education ; Technology: general issues ; Education ; Sociology ; Teaching skills & techniques ; Curriculum planning & development ; System Thinking in Education ; Engineering Education ; Complexity in Engineering Education ; Complex Problem Solving in Engineering Education ; Problem Solving in Education ; Design Engineering in Education ; Mega Projects in Engineering Education ; Human Challenges in Education ; Sustainable Development Goals and Education ; Engineering Education Curricula ; Social Challenges and Engineering
    Kurzfassung: This open access book is dedicated to exploring methods and charting the course for enhancing engineering education in and beyond 2023. It delves into the idea that education, coupled with social connections, is indispensable for a more profound comprehension of the world and the creation of an improved quality of life. The book serves as a conduit for incorporating complex problem-solving into engineering education across various formats. It offers a structured approach for tackling complex issues, comparing an array of techniques for managing complexity within the realm of engineering education. Moreover, the book scrutinizes several complex case studies derived from the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals. Additionally, it explores intricate problem-solving and curriculum change case studies specific to engineering education from Harvard University, the University of Technology Sydney, and Aalborg University
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9781003435648 , 9781032564623 , 9781032564616
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Civil engineering, surveying & building ; Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: Smart and Resilient Infrastructure For Emerging Economies: Perspectives on Building Better is about pressing and multidimensional challenges faced in constructing resilient, sustainable, and smart infrastructure in developing countries. The 32 case studies, literature reviews, comparative analyses and systematic reviews, cover a wide range of topics, including: sustainable and resilient infrastructure development smart cities digital innovation in construction infrastructure investment construction ergonomics socio-environmental sustainability gender equity, and climate change responses The contributions present innovative solutions, impactful insights, and substantive contributions to the discourse on sustainable infrastructure development, and illuminate the interplay between infrastructure development, social justice, environmental sustainability, and technological advancement. Smart and Resilient Infrastructure For Emerging Economies: Perspectives on Building Better is essential reading for academics, researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students involved in the built environment, infrastructure delivery, investment in infrastructure, civil engineering, architecture, urban planning, environmental science, and other related disciplines
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  • 4
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564098 , 9783036564081
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: In collaboration with the MDPI publishing house, we are pleased to introduce the reader to our new project, a Special Issue entitled “Advanced Eco-friendly Wood-Based Composites”. This Special Issue provides an opportunity to investigate advanced eco-friendly wood-based composites from a broader perspective. The coronavirus pandemic and shutdown measures employed to contain it, as well as the ongoing war in Ukraine, have influenced and decelerated the world economy and adversely impacted research activities on most levels in all countries. Surprisingly, researchers in the field of wood-based composites have continued to make progress, which is also described in this Special Issue
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  • 5
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565675 , 9783036565668
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The purpose of this Special Issue was to attract papers in the new era of sustainability and food packaging that address all major sectors of the food industry from cereals and confectionery to fruits and vegetables, meat, and dairy products
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  • 6
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562513 , 9783036562520
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Data have become an immensely valuable resource. They are the key driver that puts the smart into smart services. This is fundamentally fueled by two technological achievements, namely the Internet of Things (IoT), which enables the continuous and comprehensive collection of all kinds of data, and blockchain technologies, which provide secure data management and exchange. In addition to those information security measures, data privacy solutions are also required to protect the sensitive data involved. In this book, eight research papers address security and privacy challenges when dealing with blockchain technologies and the IoT. Solutions are presented to the issue of how IoT group communication can be secured and how trust within IoT applications can be increased. In the context of blockchain technologies, approaches to enhance query-processing capabilities and efficiently apply a proof-of-work consensus protocol in IoT environments are introduced. Furthermore, how blockchain technologies can be used in IoT environments to control access to confidential IoT data as well as enable privacy-aware data sharing is discussed. Finally, two reviews offer an overview of the state-of-the-art in in-app activity recognition based on convolutional neural networks and the prospects for blockchain technology applications in ambient assisted living
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9783036558134 , 9783036558141
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is concerned with the microstructural characterization and the defect analysis of metallic additively manufactured (AM) materials and parts. Special attention is paid to the determination of residual stress in such parts and to online monitoring techniques devised to predict the appearance of defects. Finally, several non-destructive testing techniques are employed to assess the quality of AM materials and parts
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783036561813 , 9783036561820
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Advanced sensing, fault diagnosis, and structural health management are important parts of the maintenance strategy of modern industries. With the advancement of science and technology, modern structural and mechanical systems are becoming more and more complex. Due to the continuous nature of operation and utilization, modern systems are heavily susceptible to faults. Hence, the operational reliability and safety of the systems can be greatly enhanced by using the multifaced strategy of designing novel sensing technologies and advanced intelligent algorithms and constructing modern data acquisition systems and structural health monitoring techniques. As a result, this research domain has been receiving a significant amount of attention from researchers in recent years. Furthermore, the research findings have been successfully applied in a wide range of fields such as aerospace, manufacturing, transportation and processes
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  • 9
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564890 , 9783036564906
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The reprint is devoted to the phenomena associated with exact or approximate axial symmetry in different areas of technical physics and mechanical engineering science. How can the symmetry of the problem be used most efficiently for its analysis? Why is the symmetry broken or why is it still approximately retained? These and other questions are discussed based on systems from different fields of engineering
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  • 10
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562087 , 9783036562070
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue aimed to cover the new developments in the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoconstructs ranging from conventional metal oxide nanoparticles to novel molecule-based or hybrid multifunctional nano-objects. At the same time, the focus was on the potential of these novel magnetic nanoconstructs in several possible applications, e.g. sensing, energy storage, and nanomedicine
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  • 11
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036551418 , 9783036551425
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (340 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This is a reprint of the Special Issue “Urban-Rural-Partnerships: Sustainable and Resilient” in Land, which, based on the URP2020 objectives, invited original contributions dealing with interactions in regional systems, particularly between urban and rural actors, institutions and projects to tackle great societal challenges. The 16 contributions published included conceptual and methodological papers, as well as case studies dedicated to striking examples and providing transferable knowledge and solutions. The guest editors hope that the contributions will stimulate learning processes on various levels, i.e. cross- and transdisciplinary as well as from the local level to entire regions to the broader European and international levels, in order to foster an understanding of integrated regional and urban–rural development
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  • 12
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564159 , 9783036564142
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is a printed edition of the Special Issue on Maritime Autonomous Vessels that was published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. It contains an editorial and 17 peer-reviewed research studies in the field of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs), Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), and underwater gliders, to name a few. The main goal of this reprint is to address key challenges, thereby promoting research on marine autonomous ships. There are many topics on autonomous vessels involved in this reprint, for instance, automatic control, manoeuvrability, collision avoidance, ship target identification, motion planning, and buckling analysis
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  • 13
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563626 , 9783036563633
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on forged steels as an interesting material family, both from a scientific and commercial point of view, due to their many applications. Despite their diffusion as a consolidated material, many research fields are actively employing new applications. At the same time, innovations are arising from the manufacturing process of such materials, including the possibility to manufacture them from metal powders suitable for 3D printing. This reprint embraces the interdisciplinary work covering physical metallurgy and processing, reporting the experimental and theoretical progress concerning microstructural evolution during processing, and microstructure–properties relations
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  • 14
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561851 , 9783036561868
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focusses on achieving low-power computation using memristive devices. The topic was designed as a convenient reference point: it contains a mix of techniques starting from the fundamental manufacturing of memristive devices all the way to applications such as physically unclonable functions, and also covers perspectives on, e.g., in-memory computing, which is inextricably linked with emerging memory devices such as memristors. Finally, the reprint contains a few articles representing how other communities (from typical CMOS design to photonics) are fighting on their own fronts in the quest towards low-power computation, as a comparison with the memristor literature. We hope that readers will enjoy discovering the articles within
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9783036561646 , 9783036561639
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Kurzfassung: This reprinted edition of the Special Issue entitled “Rational Design of Non-Precious Metal Oxide Catalysts by Means of Advanced Synthetic and Promotional Routes” covers some of the recent advances in relation to the fabrication and fine-tuning of metal oxide catalysts by means of advanced synthetic and/or promotional routes. It consists of fourteen high-quality papers on various aspects of catalysis, related to the rational design and fine-tuning strategies during some of the most relevant applications in heterogeneous catalysis, such as N2O decomposition, the dry reforming of methane (DRM), methane combustion and partial oxidation, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR), among others
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  • 16
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561752 , 9783036561769
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The 2020 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering (ICHVE 2020) was held on 6–10 September 2020 in Beijing, China. The conference was organized by the Tsinghua University, China, and endorsed by the IEEE Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society. This conference has attracted a great deal of attention from researchers around the world in the field of high voltage engineering. The forum offered the opportunity to present the latest developments and different emerging challenges in high voltage engineering, including the topics of ultra-high voltage, smart grids, and insulating materials
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9783036565125 , 9783036565118
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Water resource systems planning and management issues are often very complex. The pressures on water resources are increasing with the expanding scale of global development involving ecological and hydrological consequences in river basins and groundwater aquifers, and water-quality deterioration. All this leads to the increasing need for investigating the effects of different human influences and impacts on the hydrological regime and on water quality like as land-use changes, climatic variability and climate changes, and intensified water and land-use practices. The Special Issue “Advances in Flow Modeling for Water Resources and Hydrological Engineering” presents a collection of scientific contributions that provides a sample of the state-of-the-art and forefront research in this field. In particular, basin-wide water resources planning, watershed management, flood forecasting, droughts, climate change impacts on flood risk and water resources, reservoir operation and management, river morphology and sediment transport, river water quality, and irrigation were the main research and practice targets that the papers published in this Special Issue aimed to address
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  • 18
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562100 , 9783036562094
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This is a timely collection of recent diverse work on metal oxide nanomaterials, connecting their fundamental aspects and application perspectives in a concise fashion to give a broad view of the current status of this fascinating field. This book presents eight original research articles and two comprehensive reviews to highlight the recent development and understanding of different types of metal oxide nanoparticles and their use for applications in luminescence, photocatalysis, water–oil separation, optoelectronics, gas sensors, energy-saving smart windows, etc. It presents just the tip of the iceberg of the broad, dynamic, and active fundamental research and applications in the developing field of metal oxide nanomaterials by collecting a few examples of the latest advancements
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  • 19
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563893 , 9783036563886
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is the compilation of the articles submitted in the Special Issue entitled “Metallic or Metallic Oxide (Photo)catalysts for Environmental Applications” from the journal Catalysts, which gives an overview of the latest advances in the development of metallic or metallic oxide (photo)catalytic materials, with environmental applications for the elimination of organic pollutants or the valorization of biomass
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  • 20
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562964 , 9783036562957
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is a compilation of the articles submitted in the Special Issue entitled, “Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: A Solution for a Greener Earth”, from the journal Catalysts, which presents an overview of the latest advances in the development of innovative photocatalytic processes
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  • 21
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562575 , 9783036562582
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on wear and fatigue analysis, the dynamic properties of coating surfaces in transmission systems, and non-destructive condition monitoring for the health management of transmission systems. Transmission systems play a vital role in various types of industrial structure, including wind turbines, vehicles, mining and material-handling equipment, offshore vessels, and aircrafts. Surface wear is an inevitable phenomenon during the service life of transmission systems (such as on gearboxes, bearings, and shafts), and wear propagation can reduce the durability of the contact coating surface. As a result, the performance of the transmission system can degrade significantly, which can cause sudden shutdown of the whole system and lead to unexpected economic loss and accidents. Therefore, to ensure adequate health management of the transmission system, it is necessary to investigate the friction, vibration, and dynamic properties of its contact coating surface and monitor its operating conditions
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9783036563763 , 9783036563770
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Kurzfassung: This reprint contains fourteen chosen articles on robust design optimization of electrical machines and devices. Optimization is essential for the research and design of electromechanical devices, especially electrical machines. Finding optimal solutions may lead to cheaper and more efficient production of electrical machines. However, optimizing such a complex system as an electrical machine is a computationally expensive optimization problem, where many physical domains should be considered together. However, a good, practical design should be insensitive to parameter changes and the manufacturing tolerances. The collected papers show how modern artificial intelligence (AI) tools can be used for the robust design optimization of electric machines and electrical devices. The articles which are published in this Special Issue present the latest results of current research fields. Hopefully, the presented models and various application fields will provide useful information for researchers and professionals interested in these techniques themselves or who have other problems from different fields
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9783036563350 , 9783036563343
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Additive manufacturing (AM), as an advanced manufacturing technology, has overturned the traditional concept of subtractive manufacturing. It has revolutionized advanced integrated structural design, high-performance material preparation, and the manufacturing of complex components. AM technology is changing the way products are developed, produced, and commercialized, leading to disruptive changes in the economy and society. AM technology has received extensive attention and research from the research community since its inception, and it is leading manufacturing technology and continues to be used with great effectiveness in the aerospace industry, automotive industry, medical plant applications, and many other fields. However, the development of additive manufacturing still faces demanding technical challenges; for example, due to insufficient process planning and inadequate process control, many defects are often observed in the products of AM processes, reducing production efficiency and deteriorating product quality. To promote AM technology toward high efficiency, high precision, high performance, and low cost in a green and intelligent direction, many advanced design and manufacturing technologies are in urgent need of further breakthroughs, such as numerical and analytical models for structural design, experimental methods, performance prediction, and process optimization
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  • 24
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562438 , 9783036562445
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (354 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on the effective removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from water and wastewater using unique freestanding polymeric-based methods. It also examines innovative green methods for efficiently reusing various solid waste products. In addition, several new eco-friendly hybrid materials are being reviewed in order to alleviate the problem of water pollution in novel, rapid, and efficient methods
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  • 25
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561325 , 9783036561318
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is a collection of papers in materials science and materials science with a focus on applications and social implementation. The core of this reprint is based on the papers presented at the symposia held at ISATE, an international conference organized by the Organization of National Colleges of Technology in Japan in cooperation with several countries worldwide. This is a compilation of these papers into a reprint. Therefore, this is a wide-ranging collection of papers, including interdisciplinary fields, such as mechanical engineering, electrical and electronic engineering, industrial chemistry, bioengineering, civil and architectural engineering, and agriculture. Science and technology are becoming more critical than ever to create a better future and pass the baton to the next generation in a suitable manner. For this purpose, materials science and materials engineering, which are the foundation of all industries, will become increasingly necessary for their implementation in society. We hope that this Special Issue reprint will be of great help to those who are experimenting with such objectives
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  • 26
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036535371 , 9783036535388
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (350 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The aim of this Special Issue is to gather recent advances and development in target tracking techniques to determine how they can be adapted for modern radar and sonar systems. After peer review, 17 articles in related areas have been accepted for publishing in this Special Issue. The published articles cover a range of topics and applications central to target tracking. There are eight papers about general multi-target tracking, including the topics of joint tracking and classification [3], adaptive estimation using clutter measurement probability [6], joint localization and tracking [7], extended target tracking [8], tracking with smoothing [11], DOA tracking [12], tracking under low detection probability [14], and sonar tracking and interception [17]. Three papers address multi-sensor multi-target tracking methods. Specifically, a multi-target estimating method for pulsed radar systems is proposed in [2], a joint dwell time and bandwidth optimization method in a radar network is proposed in [4], a and multiple marine ship tracking method with unknown backgrounds is presented in [9]. There are 2 papers [10,15] on the problem of target assignment in multi-sensor multi-target tracking. Moreover, Mallick et al. considered measures of nonlinearity of a polynomial curve in two dimensions [1], Zhao et al. explored the use of calibration targets for which the positions are known to the MPR system, to counter the loss in target localization accuracy arising from transmitter/receiver position errors [13], and Li et al. proposed an algorithm to apply the frequency diversity technique to passive azimuth estimation in [16]
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  • 27
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564456 , 9783036564449
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (182 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Kurzfassung: Research on radiation tolerant electronics has increased rapidly over the last few years, resulting in many interesting approaches to model radiation effects and design radiation hardened integrated circuits and embedded systems. This research is strongly driven by the growing need for radiation hardened electronics for space applications, high-energy physics experiments such as those on the large hadron collider at CERN, and many terrestrial nuclear applications, including nuclear energy and safety management. With the progressive scaling of integrated circuit technologies and the growing complexity of electronic systems, their ionizing radiation susceptibility has raised many exciting challenges, which are expected to drive research in the coming decade.After the success of the first Special Issue on Radiation Tolerant Electronics, the current Special Issue features thirteen articles highlighting recent breakthroughs in radiation tolerant integrated circuit design, fault tolerance in FPGAs, radiation effects in semiconductor materials and advanced IC technologies and modelling of radiation effects
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  • 28
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561028 , 9783036561011
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint details some of the latest developments and the science of durum wheat products outlining the latest research in durum milling innovations, role of durum wheat oil and wheat germ in product stability, available rheological methods to assess semolina, role of processing variables on pasta quality and drying behavior of bulgur. The impact of functional food design on human health and some examples where pasta glycaemic index has been surveyed and products made using waste streams, such as brown algae, tiger nut flour, carrot waste, and other approached to new durum product design such as high amylose durum wheat and soft durum wheat
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  • 29
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564708 , 9783036564715
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (352 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The Special Issue “Future Trends in Advanced Materials and Processes” contains original high-quality research papers and comprehensive reviews addressing the relevant state-of-the-art topics in the area of materials focusing on relevant or innovative applications such as radiological hazard evaluations of non-metallic materials, composite materials' characterization, geopolymers, metallic biomaterials, etc
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  • 30
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563824 , 9783036563831
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (386 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on the application of the combination of synthetic aperture radars and depth learning technology. It aims to further promote the development of SAR image intelligent interpretation technology. A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an important active microwave imaging sensor, whose all-day and all-weather working capacity give it an important place in the remote sensing community. Since the United States launched the first SAR satellite, SAR has received much attention in the remote sensing community, e.g., in geological exploration, topographic mapping, disaster forecast, and traffic monitoring. It is valuable and meaningful, therefore, to study SAR-based remote sensing applications. In recent years, deep learning represented by convolution neural networks has promoted significant progress in the computer vision community, e.g., in face recognition, the driverless field and Internet of things (IoT). Deep learning can enable computational models with multiple processing layers to learn data representations with multiple-level abstractions. This can greatly improve the performance of various applications. This reprint provides a platform for researchers to handle the above significant challenges and present their innovative and cutting-edge research results when applying deep learning to SAR in various manuscript types, e.g., articles, letters, reviews and technical reports
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  • 31
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567624 , 9783036567631
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering
    Kurzfassung: Heusler type magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) have gained a strong academic and practical importance during recent decades due to the giant effects they exhibit, particularly magnetostrain produced by magnetic field-induced twin boundaries motion and magneto(elasto)-caloric effects resulting from the magnetic field-induced martensitic transformation. This Special Issue intends to communicate the latest advances in R&D and theory of MSMAs. This book consists of a collection of eleven invited peer-reviewed papers, each detailing a particular aspect in the fundamental and/or applied investigation of MSMAs and related phenomena. The papers are a corpus of up-to-date information on the ongoing studies of MSMAs. It is hoped that this reprint will be useful to physicists and materials scientists, both specialists and graduate students, and enable future technological breakthroughs in engineering
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  • 32
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567723 , 9783036567730
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (338 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue, “Biotechnology Applications of Microalgae”, is focused on the latest novel advances related to the production of different bioactive compounds from microalgae and their biotechnological use
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  • 33
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568461 , 9783036568478
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: The thermal analysis of materials encompasses a variety of methods used to detect changes in material properties as a function of temperature. Before temperature measurement became routine in all stages of metal and ceramic processing, early metallurgists relied on the color and brightness of hot metal, and glassmakers used viscosity for guidance. Nowadays, techniques of differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) routinely yield heat capacities, temperatures, and enthalpies of phase transformations in the temperature range from −150 to 1500 °C. The measurement of any physical property as a function of temperature brings the method into the realm of thermal analysis. This Special Issue provides a sampling of the current use, diversity, and ongoing developments of techniques and approaches in the thermal analysis of materials. It combines contributions solicited by editors that reflect their scientific interests and networks, with generally related submissions received over two years. It contains 16 articles and 1 short review submitted by authors from 10 countries
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  • 34
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036560588 , 9783036560571
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (270 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Many existing and newly constructed bridges are composed of reinforced and prestressed concrete. Advanced concrete materials play an increasingly important role in concrete bridges to facilitate the strengthening and repair of existing bridges, to facilitate a (fast) replacement solution for (part of) an existing bridge, and for the design of new challenging bridge projects. The development of advanced concrete materials and their structural applications is thus an important topic in the built environment.This reprint brings together research and practical applications from the perspective of material scientists and bridge engineers for applications to new and existing bridges
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  • 35
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563541 , 9783036563558
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The need for electromechanical energy conversion that takes place in electric motors, generators, and actuators is an important aspect associated with current development. The efficiency and effectiveness of the conversion process depends on both the design of the devices and the materials used in those devices. In this context, this book addresses important aspects of electrical machines, namely their materials, design, and optimization. It is essential for the design process of electrical machines to be carried out through extensive numerical field computations. Thus, the reprint also focuses on the accuracy of these computations, as well as the quality of the material models that are adopted. Another aspect of interest is the modeling of properties such as hysteresis, alternating and rotating losses and demagnetization. In addition, the characterization of materials and their dependence on mechanical quantities such as stresses and temperature are also considered. The reprint also addresses another aspect that needs to be considered for the development of the optimal global system in some applications, which is the case of drives that are associated with electrical machines
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  • 36
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563787 , 9783036563794
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: In this Special Issue, you will find new directions in the research on liquid crystal applications. To be honest, we were surprised to find 10 papers covering a variety of application areas, with no overlap between them. The only important application without a related article was “display”! This was exactly the situation we hoped for. In this Special Issue, you can find 10 articles discussing the applications of LC devices or LC materials. The applications are liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) for optical communication, laser processing and wireless optical charging, wavelength selective filters, waveguides, smart windows, LCDs for terahertz waves, LC polymers for polarizing grating and LC material for an ink.We believe that this Special Issue will help researchers focusng on optical devices or LC materials to obtain inspiration for new devices using liquid crystals
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9783036570815 , 9783036570808
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint covers topics on geographical scale of glacier and lake ice variations, as well as the engineering scale of ice properties and their practical applications via laboratory tests and numerical modeling
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  • 38
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570587 , 9783036570594
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Kurzfassung: Metal‒insulator transitions (MITs) constitute a core subject of fundamental condensed matter research. The localization of conduction electrons occurs in a large variety of materials and engenders intriguing quantum phenomena such as unconventional superconductivity and exotic magnetism. Nearby an MIT, minuscule changes of the interaction strength via chemical substitution, doping, physical pressure, or even disorder can trigger spectacular resistivity changes from zero in a superconductor to infinity in an insulator near T = 0. While approaching an insulating state from the conducting side, deviations from Fermi-liquid transport in bad and strange metals are the rule rather than the exception. As the drosophila of electron‒electron interactions, the Mott MIT receives particular attention from theory as it can be studied using the Hubbard model. On the experimental side, organic charge-transfer salts and transition metal oxides are versatile platforms for working toward solving the puzzles of correlated electron systems. This Special Issue provides a view into the ongoing research endeavors investigating emergent phenomena around MITs
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  • 39
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569840 , 9783036569857
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Biosensors, especially non-invasive ones, are an area of extreme importance and fantastic advancements. As nanotechnology continually becomes more and more refined, its applications in a multitude of areas also grow. One area that has seen an explosion of innovations is healthcare. Such biosensors have allowed for the diagnosis, monitoring, and even treatment of a myriad of different disease states. This reprint highlights many of the past, current, and potential future advancements
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9783036567785 , 9783036567792
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Roads, bridges, airports, and ports are multirole transportation infrastructure assets, which rely heavily on asphalt, cement, and aggregates in traditional civil engineering. Multirole transportation infrastructures should be resistant enough against structural loads and vehicle loads. Further, multirole transportation infrastructures are greatly affected by climate change, which has the potential to impact both long- and short-term infrastructure performance. Recent developments in materials science, especially polymers, have brought new perspectives in the modification of civil engineering materials and consequent improvements. Being both strong and lightweight, polymer composites have already found wide-ranging uses in civil engineering. The application of various types of polymers includes admixtures and additives (e.g., alternative binders, polymer fibers) for enhanced mechanical performances and enhanced functional properties such as self-healing and self-cleaning. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze advanced functional polymer composites sitting at the intersection of physics, chemistry, materials science, and engineering. It is concerned with the possible applications of polymeric composites to develop new technologies in road and bridge engineering, which will focus on current and future research toward characterization techniques, evaluation tools, and the production of advanced functional polymer composites
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  • 41
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567983 , 9783036567990
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Remote sensing is developing rapidly due to progress in many interconnected fields. It includes the emergence of new sensors, development of sophisticated platforms for those sensors, and advances in signal and data processing. The progress in the fields of radar, optoelectronic, acoustic, magnetic, chemical, and other sensors is stunning. Whereas the mentioned sensors are currently more sensitive and accurate, have improved resolutions, data rates, and dynamical ranges, they still have their limitations. The utilization of multi-sensor systems and joint processing of their signals or data has long been considered an effective solution for reducing the disadvantages and best utilizing their strengths. The emergence of new types of sensors creates an opportunity for scientists and engineers to develop new and more capable integrated multi-sensor systems. It is necessary to mention that the users’ expectations with respect to the size of the observed area or volume, data resolution, accuracy, speed of operation, and functionality of remote sensing systems are still increasing. Extended frequency bands, improved resolutions, and data rates of the new sensors as well as the common use of distributed sensors increase the influx of data in contemporary multi-sensor systems. These facts pose new challenges for the data fusion algorithms that must often employ the newest achievements from the areas of big data mining, statistical estimation, artificial intelligence, etc. This reprint provides a fresh insight into the newest developments in the fields of multi-sensor systems and data fusion
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  • 42
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569215 , 9783036569208
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue reprint, “Advanced Polymer Nanocomposites II”, addresses high-quality original and review papers, focused on the scientific discussion and practical application in the field of functional polymer nanocomposites, including: (a) optoelectronic materials (papers 1-9); (b) biomedical materials (papers 10-14); and (c) other functional polymer nanocomposites (papers 15-23). We hope that this Special Issue reprint can promote academic research exchanges and identify and respond to tremendous challenges of research in this burgeoning field
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  • 43
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Taylor & Francis
    ISBN: 9781003325321 , 9781032351070 , 9781032351087
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (355 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Building construction & materials
    Kurzfassung: Building Smart, Resilient and Sustainable Infrastructure in Developing Countries contains the papers presented at the International Conference on Development and Investment in Infrastructure (DII-2022). The contributions cover a wide range of topics related to infrastructure issues on the African continent: Sustainable Infrastructure Development Smart Infrastructure and Cities Quality and Resilient Infrastructure Education, Empowerment, Gender Equity, Wellness and Development Environmental and Waste Management/Facilities & Real-Estate Management Infrastructure, Investment and Finance- Trends and Forecasts Infrastructure: Shock Events, Procurement, Project Management, Health & Safety Infrastructure: Economic, Social/Environmental Sustainability Digital Innovation and transition in the built environment Building Smart, Resilient and Sustainable Infrastructure in Developing Countries evaluates innovations, empowerment, growth and sustainable development of infrastructure development in Africa, and aims at administrators, academics, and professionals
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  • 44
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569871 , 9783036569864
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The second volume of the Special Issue on “Micro-Electro Discharge Machining: Principles, Recent Advancements and Applications” confirms the growing interest in the micro-EDM technology as a suitable and efficient technology for machining novel, multilateral components, with demanding requirements in terms of precision, accuracy, and productivity.This volume consists of 10 original research papers which involve several approaches to micro-EDM and cover the enhancement of the process performance, such as the material removal rate, surface roughness, or machining accuracy, using advanced optimization methods. Some studies also consider several dielectric fluid additives and investigate the processability of new materials. Others investigate the combination of Reverse-micro-EDM with laser beam micromachining or explore new applications for the micro-EDM for fabricating antimicrobial nanosilver colloid
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9783036574431 , 9783036574424
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Transport technology & trades
    Kurzfassung: Maritime traffic data (e.g., radar data, AIS data, and CCTV data) provide designers, officers on watch, and traffic operators with extensive information about the states of ships at present and in history, representing a treasure trove for behavior analysis. Additionally, navigation rules and regulations (i.e., knowledge) offer valuable prior knowledge about ship manners at sea. Combining multisource heterogeneous big data and artificial intelligence techniques inspires innovative and important means for the development of MASS. This reprint collects twelve contributions published in “Data-/Knowledge-Driven Behavior Analysis of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships” Special Issue during 2021–2022, aiming to provide new views on data-/knowledge-driven analytical tools for maritime autonomous surface ships, including data-driven behavior modeling, knowledge-driven behavior modeling, multisource heterogeneous traffic data fusion, risk analysis and management of MASS, etc
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574325 , 9783036574332
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is focused on the exploitation of natural nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment. It compiles articles related to exosomes and protein nanocages, but also presents the use of some organic natural compounds in cancer treatment, which have been extensively studied as agents for cancer treatment since their biological nature guarantees a better safety, biocompatibility, and biodegradability profile in comparison to synthetic nanoparticles and drugs. These features are strongly appealing in order to face cancer, where the development of tumor-targeted specific devices and the use of natural compounds could be useful in improving patient compliance
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9783036576619 , 9783036576602
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (352 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The study of complex dynamic systems has become increasingly important in recent years due to its wide range of applications in fields such as engineering, physics, economics, and biology. These systems are characterized by their interconnectedness, nonlinearities, and feedback loops, which make them difficult to understand and control. As a result, there has been growing interest in developing tools and techniques for the modelling, identification, and control of complex dynamic systems.The aim of this reprint is to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art methods for the modelling, identification, and control of complex dynamic systems. This reprint covers a wide range of topics, including system identification, model-based control, adaptive control, nonlinear control, and predictive control. It also includes case studies and examples from different fields to demonstrate the practical application of these methods.This reprint is intended for researchers, graduate students, and practitioners in the field of control systems. It assumes a basic understanding of linear systems theory, calculus, and linear algebra. Overall, this reprint provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the methods for the modelling, identification, and control of complex dynamic systems
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9783036576091 , 9783036576084
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: Metal and metal oxide nanocomposites have received considerable attention as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents because of their diverse shape, size, high surface-to-volume ratio, chemical/physical stability, activity, and a greater degree of selectivity. The design and synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanocomposites (e.g. mono, bi-, tri-, and multi-metallic nanocomposites), as well as polymer-based nanocomposites and hydrogels with diversified nanostructures (e.g. nanoarrays, nanotubes, core-shell, nanosheets, and nanorods), has sparked considerable interest in terms of biomedical therapeutics, bioimaging, biosensors, drug delivery, and antimicrobial attributes
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  • 49
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574486 , 9783036574493
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (398 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Kurzfassung: In recent years, we have been witnessing the exponential proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), networks of physical devices, vehicles, appliances and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators and connectivity that enables these objects to connect and exchange data. Enabling the introduction of highly efficient IoT, wireless sensing and network technologies will reduce the need for traditional processes that are currently be carried out manually, thus freeing up the precious resources of dwindling working staff, to do more meaningful and human-centered work. This reprint aims to bring together innovative developments in areas related to IoT, wireless sensing and networking. The aspects covered include software-defined network (SDN)-based IoT networks, artificial intelligence (AI) for IoT, industrial IoT, smart sensors, optimization of energy efficiency for IoT, and wireless sensor networks, IoT applications for agriculture, smart cities, healthcare, localization and environment monitoring
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9783036570877 , 9783036570860
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The papers published in the Special Issue "Eco-Friendly Materials for Civil Construction: Utilization and Advantages" are now collected as a reprint supporting sustainability for changing our planet lifestyle of increasing consumerist and predatory actions. Indeed, this reprint serves as a warning that the traditional linear economy entails the generation of huge amounts of wastes and, consequently, a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, emphasis on sustainable action is mandatory for the required transition from a linear to a circular economy.The collection of papers comprising this reprint are intended to contribute to advance and understanding on the role of eco-friendly construction materials. They could not only promote saving in energy but also reduce pollution by incorporating urban, agricultural, and industrial wastes
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  • 51
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572741 , 9783036572758
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The reliability of high-voltage equipment is critical to the safe operation of the power grid. This reprint focuses on the new developments and advances in both fundamental and applied research on the testing, monitoring, and diagnostics of high-voltage equipment, including insulators, transformers, etc
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  • 52
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573588 , 9783036573595
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Following on from the Special Issue “Recent Advances and Contribution of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications for Agricultural Monitoring”, we concluded that SAR has now become a pivotal sensor for agricultural monitoring. In this Special Issue, you will find a variety of background material discussing SAR and its applications. Several papers focused on using machine learning approaches with SAR to monitor crop stages and classify crops, while others focused on the polarimetric mode to estimate crop height. Going forward, we hope that you will find this Special Issue to be a useful reference
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  • 53
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573052 , 9783036573045
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Electrification plays a key role in decarbonizing energy consumption for various sectors, including transportation, heating, and cooling. There are several essential infrastructures for a smart city, including smart grids and transportation networks. These infrastructures are the complementary solutions to successfully developing novel services, with enhanced energy efficiency and energy security. This Special Issue includes high-quality papers that address issues related to cutting-edge smart city technologies in the electrification process, including but not limited to the following: Electrification of building environments and transportation systems; Role and impact of smart grids for smart cities; ICT and IoT infrastructures with big data for smart city electrification; Market, services, and business models for smart city electrification; Standards and implementation for smart city electrification; Advanced smart grid technology integration in smart cities, such as energy storage, demand-side management, and distributed energy resources
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  • 54
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571409 , 9783036571416
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Kurzfassung: Mathematical modeling is at the heart of most current developments in biological system analysis and bioprocess optimization and control. At the industrial scale, this evolution is reflected in process analytical technologies (PAT), digital twins, and Industry 4.0. This book focuses on various aspects of mathematical modeling at the microscopic and macroscopic scales, respectively, and demonstrates the potential of these methodologies to gain insight into the cell metabolism, to support the design of software sensors to reconstruct unmeasurable variables, or to establish model-based optimization of the operating conditions and/or feedback control of the bioprocesses. The range of applications is vast, including biopharmaceuticals, bioenergy, and the environment
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  • 55
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573717 , 9783036573700
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (540 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: "Advances in Sustainable Polymeric Materials" is a compilation of 22 articles highlighting the recent progress in the research and development of polymeric materials, with an emphasis on sustainability. Some papers focus on developing biodegradable plastics obtained from renewable sources such as starch and biomass waste. Other articles discuss modification techniques to improve the mechanical properties of biopolymers such as PLA and PHAs. The use of recycled polymeric materials in the construction industry is highlighted as a low-cost and environmentally friendly solution.Other studies include investigations on polymer-modified bitumen, a novel sound-absorbing material made from used palm-oil-based polyurethane foam and water hyacinth fibre composite, bio-based epoxy-lignin coatings, TiO2 nanocomposites, the photocatalytic activity of different polymeric composites, sustainable elastomers, interactions between vanillyl-alcohol-based epoxy and cross-linkers, polyvinyl chloride sorbent for rare earth elements, lignin-based thermoplastic, the chemical foaming process of polylactic acid, microencapsulation strategies for essential oils, electrochemical sensors for glucose determination, and an intelligent drug delivery system based on pH-sensitive polymeric formulations.It is important to recognize that the field of sustainable polymeric materials is vast and rapidly evolving, and while a single volume cannot entirely capture all the developments occurring in this field, this collection provides readers with a valuable introduction and overview of the topic
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  • 56
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574455 , 9783036574448
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: Interactions between nucleic acids and proteins are essential requirements for the viability of cellular life because they are indispensable for many basic biological processes. DNA is typically presented as a specific double-stranded helical structure, but nucleic acids have great structural flexibility. Current knowledge demonstrates that the structural conformations of nucleic acids play critical roles in protein–DNA interactions. This book presents a collection of research findings published in the Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, titled “Impacts of Molecular Structure on Nucleic Acid-Protein Interactions”.The breadth of research findings reported here demonstrates that the structural flexibility of nucleic acids plays critical roles in their interactions with proteins, with important implications across a range of human diseases, including cancer and some infectious diseases.Prof. Richard BowaterUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich, United KingdomProf. Václav BrázdaInstitute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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  • 57
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573694 , 9783036573687
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Heat transfer plays a crucial role in modern engineering and energy conversion efficiency. Understanding its mechanisms is essential for sustainable energy management. Waste heat recovery, an increasingly popular strategy, reduces energy consumption and promotes sustainability. This reprint highlights advancements in heat transfer technology and heat recovery systems, addressing the persistent demand for innovative solutions. The content focuses on four main categories: heat transfer and heat exchangers, heat recovery, renewables, and domestic hot water preparation systems
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  • 58
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570662 , 9783036570679
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Foods derived from grains and grain-based ingredients represent a crucial source of energy and nutrients for humans. Cereals are conventional food materials, while interest is growing in the utilization of pseudocereals, pulses, oilseeds, and other grains to develop various foods and food ingredients. Grain and food processing converts raw grains into functional ingredients and creates palatable and nutritious end-products. During processing, various physical and chemical changes and interactions take place, affecting the nutritional, textural, sensory, and other quality properties of the products. Methods, protocols, and equipment have been developed to process, monitor, and control processing parameters to achieve the desired end-product quality or functionality. This reprint covers diverse topics related to grain-processing innovations and the effect of both conventional and innovative grain processes on the properties of grain-derived ingredients, intermediates, and end products
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  • 59
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572291 , 9783036572284
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is a collection of studies on antimicrobial nanodrugs; it includes four review papers on anti-biofilm therapy, carbon dot-based antimicrobial materials, and supramolecular assemblies for combating antibiotic resistance, as well as six research papers on antibiotic-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles, mesostructured spherical nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion, nano-polyoxometalates, and gold nanoprisms
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  • 60
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571003 , 9783036571010
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The goal of this Special Issue is to disseminate emerging techniques and innovative solutions that comprehensively address unmet needs in cardiovascular disease and can be rapidly translated into the clinical arena in order to significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and precision in treatment delivery, as well as to enhance therapy guidance and procedural success. The volume includes research contributions from cross-disciplinary scientists and professionals who work in the cardiovascular field at the interface of basic and translational research, clinical practice, medical (bio)physics, engineering, mathematics, and computer science. Several compelling contributions are focused on the development of advanced techniques in cardiovascular imaging (MRI, CT, ultrasound, optics) to investigate structure–function interaction and identify pathology, image analysis (e.g. registration, segmentation, visualization), deep-learning/AI classification methods to better characterize tissue and physiological signals, novel preclinical experimental models and clinical approaches employed in electro-anatomical mapping and image-aided therapies (e.g., cardiac ablation, resynchronization), as well as innovative interventional procedures for vascular applications
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  • 61
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572840 , 9783036572857
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This reprint covers the theory and fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures, patterned surfaces, and devices for lossy mode resonance (LMR), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), surface-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SEFS), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based biosensors. The chapters in this reprint cover a range of topics, including the interplay between SPR and lossy mode resonance, fabrication of LSPR substrates using high-throughput techniques, recent advances in various nanostructures, recent developments in the field of nanostructured Ag substrates, and innovative advances in biosensors based on DNA nanotechnology. These chapters provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments in plasmonic biosensors, making this reprint essential reading for researchers working in biosensors and plasmonics
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  • 62
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580708 , 9783036580715
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: There has been significant growth in branches of industry directly related to new materials, such as metals, polymers, and composite materials. Considering the increase in material costs, it has become exceedingly important to produce lightweight constructions through the use of certified materials with appropriate mechanical properties. Many composite materials, especially in building engineering, are characterized by the use of waste materials, allowing them to meet environmental demands and often also positively affecting the performance (as well as mechanical) properties of the whole construction. A similar phenomenon has been noticed in polymers and metals, with the “ecologically friendly” factor having increasing influence in such materials. The main aim of our Special Issue was to gather novel research results concerning different materials available for all important industries—building engineering, the heavy industry, automotive, aerospace, and medicine. Such a general title has been proposed to also include different manufacturing technologies using various materials—conventional (milling, casting, forming, and turning) and novel (hybrid and additive manufacturing)
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  • 63
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578880 , 9783036578897
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (576 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Conservation of buildings & building materials
    Kurzfassung: This reprint was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of this topic, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of materials testing in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in elements and structures using destructive, semidestructive, and nondestructive testing
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580746 , 9783036580753
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: The scope of this Special Issue focuses on the formation of the structure of light alloys, (particularly on an aluminum base) during solidification, deformation, and heat treatment and its relationship with mechanical and technological properties. The design of light alloys (including composite materials) based on experimental and theoretical studies is also considered. The Special Issue contains 11 papers, including 10 research papers and 1 review (on the asymmetric (hot, warm, cold, and cryo) rolling of light alloys)
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  • 65
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581040 , 9783036581057
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (364 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint presents original research as well as reviews on current food safety issues. A wide range of biological hazards, food commodities and measures to assess, control and manage hazards are covered. With respect to food commodities, meat, milk/dairy and fish/seafood are covered, but also wild game and edible insects. The epidemiology of parasites and pathogenic bacteria (Clostridioides difficile and Listeria monocytogenes) in various food chains is reviewed, as well as the impact of food technology on food safety
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  • 66
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581408 , 9783036581415
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on the biomimetic and bioinspired developments based on the biomechanical and morphological studies of plants and animals. The articles cover basic research in biology, the modeling of functional principles and the transfer into bioinspired materials systems, as well as hands-on models for teaching and education
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  • 67
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583167 , 9783036583174
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: The reprint presents new approaches for bio- and immunosensors with nanodispersed labels and their optical registration. The use of nanoparticles as carriers and labels provides possibilities for simple measurements and reaching low detection limits. In this way, novel sensors obtain competitive advantages and good potential for implementation into diagnostic practice. The collected articles demonstrate the current state of developments and their most promising directions in the creation and characterization of such optical sensors
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  • 68
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    ISBN: 9783036583082 , 9783036583099
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: This Special issue focuses of the most relevant advances in the field of inborn errors of immunity. Indeed, as immunology is rapidly progressing, with the constant discovery of new disease entities and the better characterization of molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies, a continuous update is mandatory for clinician and researchers. In this Issue, the non-infectious manifestations of inborn errors of immunity (such as autoimmunity, atopy, and lymphoproliferation) are deeply discussed, as well as the impact of the novel genetic sequencing techniques in the diagnostic approach. Moreover, some well-known disorders, including common variable immunodeficiency, are extensively reviewed and revisited in a modern way. Also, diseases of recent description, including some disorders of immune dysregulation and inborn errors of immunity associated with syndromes, are described. Finally, some of the papers of this Special Issue focus in a detailed way the molecular mechanisms leading to immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation, also opening the way for further clinical and preclinical studies. As the expanding availability of immunological and genetic testing offers the opportunity to identify new disease entities and elucidate the function of new genes involved in the development and regulation of the immune response, we aim to present the most relevant innovations in this delicate field
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  • 69
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582450 , 9783036582443
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: A collection of articles published under the guidance of Assoc. Prof. Ph.D. Andrei Victor SANDU in the Special Issue "Obtaining and Characterization of New Materials, Volume II". The published articles under this Special Issue represent an excellent collection of research and review articles with cutting-edge results that promote sustainable development in the field of material engineering
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  • 70
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581989 , 9783036581996
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: This second volume on the subject of intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration ranges from in vitro IVD cell culture studies on cytokines, such as TGFβ3, GDF5, GDF6, ANG1, and ANG2, to diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) to novel advances in the diagnosis of painful discs in reports using natural language processing (NLP). This diverse issue consists of seven articles that provide a comprehensive overview of recently applied research insights. Three original articles focus on the effects of cytokines in primary cell culture. Then, two original articles report on transcriptomics data, i.e., single-cell RNA-sequencing data of in vivo rat animal models of IVD degeneration, and human prime PCR data comparing trauma versus DISH-IVDs. One original article addresses the correct diagnosis of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) in scoliotic patients, and another original article addresses the usage of NLP to improve the diagnosis of painful IVDs. The Special Issue is concluded with a review on the importance of the relatively recent “hot topic” of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for regenerative purposes in IVDs
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  • 71
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574684 , 9783036574691
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint presents a collection of original research and survey articles that tackle the practical challenges in large-scale and rapid deployment of sensors for diverse applications as well as the resulting Big Data processing. The complexity of the generated data ranges from large-scale sensor networks to smartphone-enabled citizen sensing data from social networks and personal health devices, which requires advanced data processing, mining and fusion methods. Solutions listed in this book include those that address issues of the interoperability of IoT solutions and data fragmentation through crawling, indexing and searching IoT data sources and the predictive maintenance of sensors. Social networks are also in scope, through a visualisation system for the analysis of anomalies in social graphs, detecting context-aware sociability patterns and assessing the effectiveness of fine tuning and pretrained word embedding in generating interpretable topics from short texts in social networks. Applications in scope include smart tourism, fall detection through personal health sensors and an energy management expert assistant
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  • 72
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577210 , 9783036577203
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: Fungal Nanotechnology 2 provides an updated and thorough explanation of the green and sustainable production of metal- and organic-based nanostructures by various fungal species, as well as an investigation of intracellular and extracellular mechanisms, with a particular focus on the applications of fungal nanotechnology in biomedical, environmental, and agri-food sectors. Since FN is still in its infancy, major research should be conducted in this field; plants, animals, and people will all benefit significantly from this, and effective and environmentally acceptable methods should be developed
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9783036576008 , 9783036576015
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (368 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mechanical engineering & materials
    Kurzfassung: The Special Issue "Fatigue and Fracture of Metals and Alloys: Numerical and Experimental Study" includes 19 articles covering problems in fatigue and fracture mechanics from different parts of the scientific world. The issue includes articles presenting theoretical, numerical, statistical and experimental approaches to fatigue life estimation. The influence of technological processes, state of stress, or the environment on steel and aluminum alloys is presented. The subjects of the articles of interest, as they present solutions to common practical problems in the industry
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  • 74
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    ISBN: 9783036583402 , 9783036583419
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Photocatalysis represents an interesting approach for different applications, with the possibility of using sunlight as a sustainable and renewable source of energy. This technology is based on the use of a semiconductor that can be excited by light with an energy higher than its band gap, inducing the formation of energy-rich electron–hole pairs that can be involved in redox reactions. Recent progress has explored the chemical nature of structured semiconductors with the object of improving their electronic and optical properties, enhancing their photoresponse under different conditions. This Special Issue collected original research papers, reviews and commentaries focused on the challenges in the design of structured semiconductors with photocatalytic applications; thus, submissions focusing on synthesis, the characterization of new photocatalysts, studies of activity and stability, and the mechanisms of photocatalytic reactions are invited for submission
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  • 75
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582085 , 9783036582092
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: In recent years, applied marine sciences and engineering has attracted worldwide attention, which includes basic theoretical research and applied research on marine hydrology, meteorology, physics and geology. Besides, new viewpoints, new developments, new theories, new methods, new applications and new experiences of investigation, research and management in the marine environment and big data, ocean and coastal engineering, marine/coastal disaster and risk assessment, river dynamics, marine ecological environment, marine instruments and equipment, etc. are also included. This Special Issue aims to address the recent advances in marine environmental information and the application of marine environmental information
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576633 , 9783036576626
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Streams and rivers are subject to considerable hydrodynamic loads. Flow interactions with natural or man-made structures in open channels lead to the development of complex dynamic processes, requiring further studies to comprehend fully. This Special Issue has been conceived to facilitate improvement or propose new approaches, summarize the most important findings of previous studies, and encourage the development of further knowledge in the field of open-channel flows. Various topics are addressed in this SI, including flow interaction with hydraulic structures, flow dynamics in estuaries, flow-vegetation interactions, bed sediment effects on flow structures, and the effect of channel curvature on flow behaviors and sediment transport. The studies published in this Special Issue certainly help readers understand the turbulent flow involved in open channels and apply that understanding to the design and practice of hydraulic engineering and river management
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573786 , 9783036573793
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering
    Kurzfassung: Traditional manufacturing processes, such as welding and casting, and modern techniques, such as additive manufacturing, can significantly affect the local material properties of metallic materials. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of engineering components and structures, fundamental knowledge of the manufacturing effects on fatigue performance is of the utmost importance. Hence, this Special Issue focuses on the fatigue design of metallic structures, considering the influence of technological aspects. Approaches based on local stress/strain, as well as fracture-mechanics-based concepts, are applied, considering local manufacturing-process-dependent characteristics, such as microstructure, hardness, porosity/defects, surface topography, and/or residual stress state. Moreover, probabilistic methods are utilized which enable a link between statistically distributed local characteristics and failure/survival probability, enabling the advanced fatigue design of metallic structures
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572925 , 9783036572932
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Kurzfassung: The concept of information freshness has developed over the last few years into an active and rapidly growing area of research. It has become known as the Age of Information (AoI). After its initial formal introduction, it became clear that it was very relevant (if not crucial) for numerous applications, ranging from autonomous vehicle systems, the Internet of Things, real-time computing to database access, caching, and wireless communications. More importantly, the combination of the transmission delay and sampling rate that are involved in the formulation of the AoI concept has made it clear that there are far-reaching consequences in the relationship between signal processing, information theory, and control theory at a fundamental level. In this Special Issue, we received contributions that span the full range of applications and theoretical foundations of the AoI concept, which, in fact, is also a performance metric and an analysis tool. Of special interest is the role of AoI in bridging different disciplines and the use of AoI in the analysis and optimization involved in important applications
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    ISBN: 9783036574271 , 9783036574264
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Transport technology & trades
    Kurzfassung: This reprint contains the most recent research in pavement engineering, which mainly addresses the performance-related properties of asphalt mixtures. We hope that this reprint is helpful for researchers and pavement industries to generate a better and deeper understanding of pavement materials, pavement construction, and pavement maintenance
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572949 , 9783036572956
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (564 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Agricultural productivity should increase to meet the growing food demand. Tillage is defined as the mechanical manipulation of agricultural soil, and it is an extremely vital part of crop production, particularly for seedbed preparation and weed control. Tillage operations are carried out using mechanical force, commonly with a tractor-drawn tool to achieve the cutting, inversion, pulverization, and disturbance of soil. A significant part of the energy (from fossil fuels) used in crop production is expended in tillage. This energy use results in greenhouse gas emissions. It is essential that we reduce energy use (hence, greenhouse gas emissions) to achieve sustainable farming practices and improve crop production and design new tillage tools or optimize the existing tools. Although the design and evaluation of tillage tools are generally carried out using analytical methods and field experiments, with recent technological improvements, computer technology has been used for the design and evaluation of tillage tools. Additionally, sensor technology can improve the efficiency of tillage tools. This Special Issue collated innovative papers that make a significant contribution to the design and application of agricultural equipment in tillage systems. It involved original research and review papers from different research fields, such as agricultural engineering, engineering simulation, and precision agriculture
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572512 , 9783036572505
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (358 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: Great strides have been made in the area of hydrogel science since the first hydrogels were described in the 1960s. Hydrogels usually consist of three-dimensional matrices of hydrophilic polymers, held together by chemical or physical crosslinks, or supramolecular assemblies of small amphiphilic molecules. The gelation process occurs in response to a physical or chemical stimulus, such as temperature, pH, electric or magnetic field, enzymatic modification, light, and others. Consisting of mainly water molecules, they represent a unique class of materials, with many applications such as cell therapeutics, cartilage/bone regeneration, sustained drug release and drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and 3D bioprinting. Despite these great strides, there is still much more to discover in this area. This Special Issue is focused on the use of hydrogels in tissue and bone regeneration. Hydrogels are particularly suited for this purpose as their physical characteristics resemble that of the extracellular matrix; as such, they have found applications as an extracellular medium for cancer cells, stem cells, and neuronal cells. This Special Issue also includes research papers on the other biomedical applications of hydrogels
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  • 82
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572826 , 9783036572833
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mechanical engineering & materials
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on the forming technologies and mechanical properties of advanced materials. Plastic working is the most efficient and an important manufacturing technology in today's industry. Plastic working technologies enable giving the material the appropriate functional properties, which depend on the rheological conditions of the plastic forming process and on the thermoplastic treatments carried out during the forming process. Metal processing is one of the most important sectors of the economy. In addition to the continuous improvement in the existing methods of plastic working, new technologies are also implemented, the purpose of which is to reduce the energy consumption of processing and the modernization of technological machines and tools. The subjects of research articles published in this reprint are multidisciplinary, including friction and lubrication in sheet metal forming, the single-point incremental forming of polymeric and lightweight metallic sheets, the optimization of shear spinning parameters and the cutting performance of cutting tools, the numerical and experimental analysis of titanium sheet forming, the mechanical and structural properties of titanium alloy subjected to impact-oscillatory loading, macro- and microdeformation characteristics of Ti-2.5Al-1.5Mn foil, and the optimisation of the thermomechanical process of nickel-based oxide-dispersion-strengthened superalloys
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  • 83
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572307 , 9783036572314
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on research concerning various types of nanoparticles in terms of their toxicity, removal of antibiotics, and behavior in natural environments. In addition, reviews on microplastics in the atmosphere and the possible health impacts of microplastics/nanoplastics on humans are included
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  • 84
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578903 , 9783036578910
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (616 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Conservation of buildings & building materials
    Kurzfassung: This reprint was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of this topic, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of materials testing in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in elements and structures using destructive, semidestructive, and nondestructive testing
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9783036580562 , 9783036580579
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Advanced X-by-wire technologies for vehicular electrified chassis play an essential role in the development of new energy intelligent vehicles, which is the inevitable choice for intelligent vehicles in the future. This technology is involved in mechanical engineering, electronic and electrical engineering, computer technology, control engineering, signal processing, and artificial intelligence. Advanced electrified chassis control technology transmits control signals through cables and acts directly on the actuator to implement corresponding actions. The application of X-by-wire technologies for vehicular electrified chassis has changed the complex mechanical connections among actuators and hydraulic and pneumatic equipment in the past, greatly promoting energy efficiency, integration, and intelligence. This reprint focuses on advanced X-by-wire technologies in strong reliability design, modeling, integration control, thermal management, energy management, fault diagnosis, and fault-tolerant control with the vehicular electrified chassis. Therefore, the aim of this reprint was to solicit recent advanced X-by-wire technologies for vehicular electrified chassis
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  • 86
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586731 , 9783036586724
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The reprint covers some recent advances in active and passive flow control applications. The reader should consider that the present reprint aims to simply introduce some of the many existing flow control applications. In fact, the goal of the editors is to open a door to this rather novel technology and highlight the importance of optimization techniques in AFC applications
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  • 87
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585222 , 9783036585239
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue deals with the field of intelligent soft sensors that enable the online estimation of nonmeasurable process variables. Soft sensors or virtual sensors are common names for software algorithms in which multiple measurements are processed together. Typically, soft sensors are based on control theory and are also referred to as state observers. There may be dozens or even hundreds of measurements from hard sensors (big data). The interaction of signals can be used to compute new quantities that cannot be measured directly online or are difficult and expensive to measure. Soft sensors are particularly useful in data fusion, combining measurements of different characteristics and dynamics. They can be used for fault diagnosis (self-analysis, self-calibration, and self-maintenance) as well as for control applications. Well-known software algorithms that can be seen as soft sensors include, for example, Kalman filters. More recent implementations of soft sensors use neural networks, fuzzy logic, models based on evolving clustering, partial least squares, etc. In the digitized factories of the future, intelligent sensors represent one of the core building blocks for automating and optimizing production, as they make production more efficient in every respect
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  • 88
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586823 , 9783036586830
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
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  • 89
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585925 , 9783036585932
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: Although the biosafety of genetically engineered crops has been debated for the past three decades among scientific communities, regulators, and the public, controversy is still strong regarding human health and environmental safety. While food safety remains a critical concern for the general public, the ecological consequences may have long-lasting effects on natural/agricultural ecosystems. Increased scientific understanding and strategies are thus needed to cope with any environmental risks caused by or related to the release of engineered crops, especially regarding new emerging technology. For instance, past experiences with genetically engineered plants may provide valuable expertise for the assessment of new gene-edited crops. This compendium contains four review papers and 12 case study papers. These articles address a broad range of topics in biosafety and environmental assessment of the genetically engineered and edited crops, covering the impacts of genetically engineered crops on arthropod species, soil microbes, animals, metabolic and proteomic effects, gene flow mitigation of genetically engineered crops, and regulatory and governance perspectives of gene-edited plants. This special issue provides important inputs and references for the scientific research and governmental governance of crops derived by genetic breeding biotechnology
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  • 90
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578125 , 9783036578132
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: Regarding the increasing use of nanomaterials in almost every area of our daily life, toxicological risk assessment is one of the major requirements for their safe handling. Especially at workplaces, inhalation is the major route of exposure and potential toxicity, and effects on the lung need to be considered. Furthermore, neurotoxicity associated with exposure to nanomaterials is a growing field of scientific investigation. However, not every single nanomaterial can be assessed in long-term animal inhalation studies, due to limited resources as well as political and societal efforts to reduce animal experiments according to the 3R principles. Thus, during the last few years, significant efforts have been dedicated to grouping nanomaterials, mainly based on advanced in vitro models. These new approach methodologies (NAMs) include detailed characterization of the respective materials in physiologically relevant media, but also more realistic exposure systems, such as co-cultures, also at the air–liquid interface, combined with comprehensive cellular investigations that provide quite detailed toxicological profiles. Thus, nanoparticles show differences in toxicity depending on their size, surface reactivity, and dissolution kinetics. Adverse cellular effects include inflammation, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and epigenetic alterations. This Special Issue aims to highlight the recent advances in the mechanisms of nanomaterial toxicity, as well as the approaches for risk assessment, linking nanoparticle characteristics as well as in vitro toxicity to in vivo observations for advanced risk assessment
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  • 91
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580593 , 9783036580586
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (622 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: In the last decade, design and material innovations for manufacturing composites have reached new heights. Thermoplastic polymers and their composites have become the most in-demand materials in recent times as they provide numerous advantages over thermoset composites. Thermoplastic polymers have a high damage tolerance, high impact resistance, recyclability, formability, weldability, repairability, and cost-effectiveness compared with thermoset composites. Thermoplastic polymers and composites are widely used in automotive, aerospace, electrical and electronics, industrial, and medical applications. Thermoplastic composites are estimated to grow from USD 28.0 billion in 2019 to USD 36.0 billion by 2024. High-performance thermoplastic materials are used in conjunction with a multitude of manufacturing processes like injection moulding, thermoforming, prepreg, liquid injection processes, automated tape placement, filament winding, pultrusion, additive manufacturing, and other processes. The material limits, design, and assembly requirements, as well as the processing constraints, are significantly important for the realisation of novel product development using a manufacturing process by simultaneously optimising reliability, safety, and other performance-related issues. The current thermoplastic material systems and manufacturing techniques still have plenty of room for optimisation and advancement. This reprint presents the latest scientific and technical advances in thermoplastic materials and their composites, processing, characterisation, product development, and manufacturing process parameter optimisations
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9783036585765 , 9783036585772
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue aimed to collate recent works regarding the planning and control of energy systems. In particular, this Special Issue focuses on microgrids. This kind of system enables optimal integration of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles, energy storage, and demand-side management strategies, thus proposing a valuable framework through which to implement the decarbonization of the electricity sector. Special attention is given to those works devoted to systems with high penetration of renewables and advanced demand response strategies. Literature reviews are also included in this Special Issue, and some real-life experiences are described and analyzed
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9783036577487 , 9783036577494
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Computational modeling and simulation are essential to solid and structural mechanics. They have not only covered entire engineering fields (civil, aerospace, mechanical, etc.) but also various scales (from nano to macro) and physics (mono- and multiphysics). Recently, they have been found to be able to offer theoretical backgrounds of digital transformation. Society at large is increasingly enthusiastic about data-driven modeling and simulation, and the possibilities they offer. The aim of this Special Issue reprint was to provide a forum for researchers to discuss recent advanced computational modeling and simulation techniques of solids and structures, and applications to solve challenging engineering problems
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  • 94
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583259 , 9783036583242
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This reprint consists of scientific papers that had been published and covered the synthesis, characteristics, and applications of multifunctional nanomaterials. Smart nanoparticles with two or more engineered properties or characteristics make up multifunctional nanomaterials. These versatile nanomaterials have impressive structural and physical characteristics, which has expanded their industrial application. This reprint will be useful to academics, scientists, engineers, students, and industrial researchers
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  • 95
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582825 , 9783036582832
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The increasing partial pressure of atmospheric CO2 (pCO2) is reducing surface ocean pH, a process known as ocean acidification (OA) This results in a reduced saturation of the seawater with respect to the CaCO3 polymorphs aragonite, high-Mg calcite, and low-Mg calcite that are involved in the biological formation of calcareous skeletons and shells. The effect of OA on calcium carbonate precipitation and the subsequent dissolution in carbonate depositional systems, such as coral reefs, is a hotly debated topic. While early studies suggested that certain carbonate-secreting organism groups may be strongly affected by OA or may even become extinct, others observed highly variable, species-specific responses to OA, whereby some taxa are negatively affected, some are positively affected, and others are unaffected. The collection of articles presented in this Special Issue presents ongoing research into the effects of OA on calcareous biomineralization while introducing some new questions and provocative hypotheses. The continued investigation of these concepts should advance our understanding of the mechanisms of biocalcification and improve predictions of how future CO2-induced changes in marine and freshwater systems will impact calcifying organisms, as well as the ecosystems they comprise, in the decades and centuries ahead
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  • 96
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583181 , 9783036583198
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on the complexity of the European Union food systems and their progress in achieving Farm to Forks’ and European Green Deal strategies’ goals. Nowadays, the sustainability of food systems’ issue is a crucial driver for the mitigation and adaptation climate change actions and for the reduction of environmental degradation. The presented research, analyzing different strategies and tools, has provided updated solutions for several agri-food sectors and geographical areas
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  • 97
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583341 , 9783036583358
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This special Issue aimed to collect the latest original research and reviews on the fundamentals and applications of any functional multiphase flow in microfluidics. There were 24 papers submitted to this Special Issue, and 15 papers were accepted. They address numerous topics, mainly on the motion characteristics of particles with different scales and shapes
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  • 98
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583464 , 9783036583471
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The ninth national conference on applied geochemistry in China will be held in Chengdu, hosted by the committee of applied geochemistry, Chinese Society for Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry (CSMPG). In order to facilitate the academic exchange on applied geochemistry, this Special Issue is intended for the presentation of new advances and case illustrations in the field of applied geochemistry. The guest editors of this Special Issue are Dr. Gong, a professor from China University of Geosciences (Beijing), and Dr. Shi, a professor from the Chengdu University of Technology. This Special Issue was opened on 27 June 2022 and closed on 1 July 2023. A total 14 scientific papers have been published that capture various hot and challenging issues in applied geochemistry. These articles belong to three broad groups: (i) new advances and case illustrations in resource exploration which focus on exploration techniques in covered areas and anomaly determinations of geochemical survey data; (ii) new advances and case illustrations in environment assessment which focus on heavy metals of soils, soil nutrients assessment and geochemical survey of a top geoherb; and (iii) new advances in the basic theory of geochemistry such as elemental abundances of moon samples, equation of state of fluid mixtures, the formation’s dynamic mechanism of a dendrite, provenance indices of geological materials, etc. In which, a promising concept, geochemical gene, was introduced and illustrated in tracing soils and determining geochemical anomalies
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  • 99
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581644 , 9783036581651
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Kurzfassung: Photonics has emerged as crucial for enabling communication and sensing applications, revolutionizing industries such as data centers, autonomous driving, and 5G/6G networks. This reprint includes thirteen articles showcasing the transformative potential of photonics in supporting emerging technologies. It presents the recent advancements and future challenges in these technologies, focusing on optical performance monitoring, photonic sensors and devices, optical signal processing subsystems, and digital signal processing (DSP) for optical transmission systems. Optical performance monitoring encompasses a self-attention mechanism-based quality-of-transmission estimator for optical networks, optical-label-based monitoring for wavelength division multiplexing networks, and a key distribution scheme for enhanced security. Advancements in photonic devices include optimized silicon nitride waveguides and hybrid phase-change metasurface carpet cloaks for efficient optical signal processing. Moreover, plasmonic sensors that utilize plasmons and alternative materials like aluminum nitride are explored for sensing and detection applications. Optical signal processing subsystems, which feature an enhanced optical analog-to-digital converter, two-tone signal generation, and a programmable photonics spectral processor, as well as DSP techniques for chromatic dispersion estimation, coherent communication, are presented to support reliable optical transmission
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9783036580982 , 9783036580999
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint presents two reviews and thirteen research articles dealing with a broad range of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships. Each article provides in-depth discussion of the various aspects of BEF relationships in naturally and experimentally assembled communities. This reprint will help to substantially deepen our understanding of BEF interactions and elaborate biodiversity conservation in a changing world. Thus, this publication is not only of interest to scientists in the field, but also for students, university teachers, policymakers, and those who are interested in BEF in general
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