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  • Online Resource  (3,916)
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  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (2,783)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9783036574806 , 9783036574813
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This book is a collection of articles focused on recent research covering a species which is emblematic of scientific and commercial interest—the dromedary. The dromedary economy and its sustainability are of a capital importance for the future development of humanity. This research highlights camel productions systems and rearing practices, camel biodiversity and genetics, camel breeding and feeding, dromedary pathologies, anatomy particularities in dromedary, therapeutic virtues of camel products, as well as the industry’s contribution to food security
    Note: English
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9783036574431 , 9783036574424
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Transport technology & trades
    Abstract: Maritime traffic data (e.g., radar data, AIS data, and CCTV data) provide designers, officers on watch, and traffic operators with extensive information about the states of ships at present and in history, representing a treasure trove for behavior analysis. Additionally, navigation rules and regulations (i.e., knowledge) offer valuable prior knowledge about ship manners at sea. Combining multisource heterogeneous big data and artificial intelligence techniques inspires innovative and important means for the development of MASS. This reprint collects twelve contributions published in “Data-/Knowledge-Driven Behavior Analysis of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships” Special Issue during 2021–2022, aiming to provide new views on data-/knowledge-driven analytical tools for maritime autonomous surface ships, including data-driven behavior modeling, knowledge-driven behavior modeling, multisource heterogeneous traffic data fusion, risk analysis and management of MASS, etc
    Note: English
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9783036574943 , 9783036574950
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Inland lakes are indicators of climate change and environmental deterioration. As a unique ecosystem unit, an inland lake is one of the basic locations for human survival and development. In recent years, with the rapid development of regional society and economy, the ecological environment of inland lakes has been continuously disturbed by human activities under the influence of large-scale water and soil exploitation activities, which have affected the ecological environment of lakes. Therefore, lake ecological restoration and water quality monitoring under the coupled effect of climate change and human activities are the key to lake protection and management. In recent years, remote sensing has played an increasingly important role in the monitoring of the terrestrial water cycle. Remote sensing technology has been applied in many fields, such as water storage, water quality, water level, and hydrodynamics. Furthermore, the explosive growth of remote sensing data applications is driven by the coupling of multisource remote sensing data and the expansion of new modeling technology
    Note: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575117 , 9783036575100
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Abstract: Organogels, hydrogels, and ionic gels have been investigated both in a theoretical and experimental manner. The research performed was focused on their synthesis and applications in high-performance chemistry and its important branches. All mentioned gels were characterized from structural and supramolecular points of view by FTIR, NMR, X-ray diffraction, and POM. The keywords proposed in this reprint were as follows: organogels, hydrogels, ionic gels, chitosan, and fractal analysis. These terms were extremely pertinent to this research piece, hereby presented. As a result, all reference themes, as well as those associated with them, were touched upon in this reprint. We mention that the articles in this selection focused on one or more of the topics listed above
    Note: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574325 , 9783036574332
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This reprint is focused on the exploitation of natural nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment. It compiles articles related to exosomes and protein nanocages, but also presents the use of some organic natural compounds in cancer treatment, which have been extensively studied as agents for cancer treatment since their biological nature guarantees a better safety, biocompatibility, and biodegradability profile in comparison to synthetic nanoparticles and drugs. These features are strongly appealing in order to face cancer, where the development of tumor-targeted specific devices and the use of natural compounds could be useful in improving patient compliance
    Note: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573090 , 9783036573083
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint describes how lifestyle changes can impact the incidence and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases. In this context, regular physical activity and heathy nutritional habits are very important. Moreover, natural bioactive compounds could represent a new adjuvant therapy in the clinical management of these pathological conditions
    Note: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575018 , 9783036575001
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Near-Infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has become one of the most attractive and used technique for analysis as it allows a fast and simultaneous qualitative and quantitative characterization of a wide variety of food samples. NIR spectroscopy is essential in various other fields, e.g., pharmaceuticals, petrochemical, textiles, cosmetics, medical applications, and chemicals such as polymers. The high level of interest in NIR spectroscopy among scientific and professional sectors demonstrates its relevance. We feel that the Special Issue's scope has facilitated the interchange of ideas and thereby aided in expanding the new development in this field of knowledge. Furthermore, we aimed to provide the readership with a comprehensive summary of present state-of-the-art NIR spectroscopy, current development trends, and future possibilities. We also believe that by doing so, we will be able to provide an accceptable opportunity for all contributors to make their results and methodologies more visible, as well as to highlight their recent achievements in their respective fields which have been made possible by the use of NIR spectroscopy. The Special Issue had a resoundingly enthusiastic response, with several submissions from academics and professional spectroscopists, resulting in the collection of 13 papers, including 1 exhaustive review paper. The articles submitted well represent the variety of the application field. These articles cover a wide range of topics related to NIR spectroscopy in a broad sense. The majority of the papers concentrate on applied qualitative and quantitative analysis in a variety of fields
    Note: English
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577661 , 9783036577678
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Surgery
    Abstract: We are in the modern era of innovations, technological developments and minimisation in the field of urology. While laparoscopy and robotic surgery have revolutionised pelvic and upper tract oncology, there is continuous evolution and increasing use of these in the field of benign conditions and paediatric urology. As lasers have changed endourology, new minimally invasive surgical techniques (MISTs) have given a new meaning to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) surgery. Oncological developments for prostate cancer now include treatments such as robotic prostatectomy, brachytherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy and HIFU. Robotic partial nephrectomy and cryotherapy have changed the face of renal cancer. While robotic cystectomy is also gaining popularity for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, new concepts of En-bloc resection of bladder cancer are emerging and being increasingly adopted. MISTs for BPH include laser (Holmium, thulium and green light), water-based treatments (Rezum, Aquablation) and other minimally invasive procedures such as prostate artery embolisation (PAE), TIND and Urolift. There is increasing emphasis on the role of suction in endourological procedures, while the quest for better intrarenal pressure and temperature monitoring continues. The use of Thulium fibre laser (TFL), Moses technology and small disposable ureteroscopes all help in pushing the boundaries of ureteroscopy (URS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedures. These new technological developments have led to improvements in patients’ quality of life (QoL), shorter hospital stays and reductions in complication rates
    Note: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577593 , 9783036577586
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: Plant-derived phenolic compounds whose most important classes are flavonoids (i.e., catechin, epicatechin) quinones, stilbenes (i.e., resveratrol) and essential oils (i.e., thymol, carvacrol), widely found in fruits, seeds, flowers, and leaves, are considered as beneficial molecules for prevention and treatment of several diseases, since it has been shown that they have antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. The Special Issue contains contributions concerning different aspects of the use of phenolic plant-derived molecules for prevention and therapy of several diseases, in order to understand the mechanisms involved in their protective role, their bioavailability and their metabolism in human tissue. Moreover, the use of different strategies for extraction, synthesis, and delivery of these compounds, has been covered
    Note: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036558011 , 9783036558028
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine
    Abstract: Diabetes is a worldwide public health problem that can be explained by the classic model of the determinants of health. Thus, success in preventing diabetes mellitus and its associated complications not only depends on the individual but also on social and community networks as well as general socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions. For that reason, we need to create conditions that ensure good health and social care for an entire population through the development and implementation of preventive strategies, promotion of healthy lifestyles, protection from diseases, and the design of targeted screening strategies. This aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development goal number 3, good health and well-being, which includes the achievement of universal health coverage and access to quality essential healthcare services. In addition, this also has a direct link to goal number 10, which focuses on reducing inequalities within and among countries. Pathological Mechanisms in Diabetes is a compilation of high-quality scientific evidence aimed at unraveling the molecular mechanisms involved in the association between diabetes and comorbidities and at describing their clinical and therapeutic implications. The variety of updated topics included from different approaches shows the need for more efficient preventive activities to reduce the incidence of this disease and its related complications
    Note: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575308 , 9783036575315
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (578 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The aim of this second Eng Special Issue is to collect experimental and theoretical re-search relating to engineering science and technology. The general topics of Eng are as follows: electrical, electronic and information engineering; chemical and materials engineering; energy engineering; mechanical and automotive engineering; industrial and manufacturing engineering; civil and structural engineering; aerospace engineering; biomedical engineering; geotechnical engineering and engineering geology; and ocean and environmental engineering. Therefore, the following editorial is a selection of representative works of these topics
    Note: English
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576138 , 9783036576121
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This reprint aims to present research on Socio-Economic Functions Across Sustainable Farming Systems, specifically on environmental conservation agriculture/climate-smart agriculture, which boosts nature-positive production, raises the welfare of producers; agricultural biotechnology, which contributes to economic and environmental sustainability; community-based extension and marketing of farm produce, which ensures the livelihood of producers and access to safe and nutritious food; and building a society resilient to all kinds of crises and hazards/disasters.This reprint reveals: 1) Drivers and dynamics of environmental conservation agriculture, the sustainable farming systems in Japan to address climate change, biodiversity conservation, sustainable production, welfare of producers and leveraging their participation in Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems. 2) Biotech crops in the Philippines can coexist with the practice of climate resilient environmental conservation agriculture. 3) Community-based extension services, such as farmer field school, disaster management practices, such as flood adaptation strategy, and marketing strategy of farm products enhance the welfare of rural population in Bangladesh.4) Identification of socio-economic characteristics associated with farming practices, food safety, food security and their constraints in South Africa and Senegal. 5) Benefit of financing agricultural cooperatives to enhance sustainable production in Romania
    Note: English
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9783036575513 , 9783036575506
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: In view of the general trend that the development of the global energy industry is oriented toward green, low-carbon, and efficient utilization, scientific research teams in various fields dominated by the coal industry have conducted much research on coal and coal-like materials by borrowing the technologies and concepts of modern materials science and rock mass mechanics, hoping to explore new directions for the high value-added utilization of structural coal resources and the development of new coal-like materials. On behalf of Materials, we invited you to contribute an original research article to a Special Issue on the microstructure, characterization, and mechanical properties of coal and coal-like materials. This Special Issue aimed to showcase the latest scientific and technological achievements and cutting-edge test technologies in the study of coal and coal-like materials, with exploration of their structural change characteristics and mechanical properties under various influencing factors. Hot topics to be covered include: Analysis of mechanical properties of coal and coal-like materials;Multiscale characterization of coal and coal-like materials;Development and utilization of coal resources with high added value;Void structure and seepage characteristics of coal and coal-like materials;Establishment of constitutive relationships
    Note: English
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783036569420 , 9783036569437
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: This Special Issue on the “Dynamic Behavior of Materials” collected recent research findings on the dynamic behavior of various materials. A collection of fifteen peer-reviewed research articles were included in this Special Issue. The main topics covered include processing technology, state-of-the-art characterization, testing, theoretic modeling, and simulation. We hope that this Special Issue will be interesting for the academic community, and also hope that it will shed light on future research activities in this field
    Note: English
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9783036575797 , 9783036575780
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: “Soft Computing and Machine Learning in Dam Engineering” is a comprehensive, edited Special Issue that explores the latest advances in the application of soft computing and machine learning techniques to dam engineering. This reprint covers a range of topics, including dam design, construction, monitoring, and maintenance, and provides readers with a deep understanding of the theoretical foundations and practical applications of these techniques.Featuring contributions from leading experts in the field, the reprint presents a collection of 11 papers that offer insights into state-of-the-art approaches in dam engineering. The chapters cover topics such as fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, artificial neural networks, and support vector machines, and provide practical examples of how these techniques can be applied to solve real-world dam engineering problems.Whether you are a researcher, engineer, or student in the field of dam engineering, “Soft Computing and Machine Learning in Dam Engineering” provides a valuable resource for staying up-to-date with the latest techniques and approaches in the field
    Note: English
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578170 , 9783036578163
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Keywords: Religion & beliefs ; Theology
    Abstract: Catholic education faces many challenges, mainly due to secularisation. This applies to both content and methods, as well as teacher training. In response to these challenges, the publication titled "Catholic Education" has been prepared. This topic is understood very broadly and includes all dimensions of education provided within the Catholic Church, in Catholic schools and Catholic communities around the world. The main aim of this reprint is to specify and answer new challenges for Catholic education and Catholic religious education that arise from secularisation and other reasons. This reprint contains 17 chapters authored by researchers from various countries and different traditions. Drawing from their diverse experiences, they not only address the issues within their own environments but also analyse global problems. Papers presenting Catholic education and Catholic religious education in historical, contemporary, and future perspectives are also present
    Note: English
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574509 , 9783036574516
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Consumer interest in plant-based diets has been rapidly increasing in the past decade. Non-dairy and non-meat alternatives have gone mainstream. New products are appearing in the marketplace continually. The marketplace has been driven recently by millennials and flexitarians. Food companies have focused on providing nutritious food products that satisfy the demand for alternative items that look and taste like their animal counterparts. The marketplace wants products that improve human and planetary health worldwide. Questions have arisen as to how nutritionally sound and healthy are these products. How sustainable are these plant-based diets? How significantly do they alter traditional dietary patterns? What impact do they have on food security? Do these plant-based meat and dairy alternatives help lessen environmental degradation? Are the new products considered ultra-processed foods? What are the barriers and motivations that drive people to switch to a plant-based diet? Will plant-based diets help in the goal to greatly diminish malnutrition and over-nutrition (leading to obesity) around the world? These questions challenge scientists to provide meaningful answers through their ongoing research. Some of these issues are discussed in this reprint, based upon the latest research
    Note: English
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9783036575209 , 9783036575216
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: Environmental management and the preservation of biodiversity are widely considered a priority in the context of accelerating global changes affecting the physical and biological resources of our planet. This Special Issue of the journal will focus on “Coastal and Aquatic Ecosystems”. The coastal region is a transition area between terrestrial and marine ecosystems. This transition area is now considered an important component of the biosphere, both in terms of ecosystems’ diversity and in the provision of resources and services. Moreover, the coastal region is home to a significant number of distinct biological communities, including coral reefs, mangroves, salt meadows and wetlands, phanerogam meadows, and kelp forests, estuarine assemblages or coastal lagoons, forests, and grasslands. The diversity of coastal ecosystems is directly threatened by human activity. Remote sensing meets this challenge by offering a wide range of standard products on environmental coastal condition, thanks in particular to various state-of-the-art sensors. The development of innovative methods based on the integration of multi-source, multi-resolution, and multi-temporal images offers promising prospects for considering the different scales of ecosystems. Consequently, the products derived from remote sensing contribute to the development of temporal and spatial indicators for better knowledge and management of coastal and aquatic ecosystems
    Note: English
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575636 , 9783036575629
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (446 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry
    Abstract: This Special Issue, entitled the “Synthesis of Heteroaromatic Compounds”, is an outstanding collection of fourteen original research papers and six review articles that discuss the advances made in both conventional and green preparatory methods, as well as the properties and applications of heteroaromatic molecules in industrial and medicinal chemistry areas of study.The collected works featured herein collate contributions from a truly international and diverse array of ninety experts in the fields of heteroaromatic compound synthesis, QSAR studies, computational chemistry and molecular docking, as well as bioactivity studies
    Note: English
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574684 , 9783036574691
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint presents a collection of original research and survey articles that tackle the practical challenges in large-scale and rapid deployment of sensors for diverse applications as well as the resulting Big Data processing. The complexity of the generated data ranges from large-scale sensor networks to smartphone-enabled citizen sensing data from social networks and personal health devices, which requires advanced data processing, mining and fusion methods. Solutions listed in this book include those that address issues of the interoperability of IoT solutions and data fragmentation through crawling, indexing and searching IoT data sources and the predictive maintenance of sensors. Social networks are also in scope, through a visualisation system for the analysis of anomalies in social graphs, detecting context-aware sociability patterns and assessing the effectiveness of fine tuning and pretrained word embedding in generating interpretable topics from short texts in social networks. Applications in scope include smart tourism, fall detection through personal health sensors and an energy management expert assistant
    Note: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575612 , 9783036575605
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: "Advances in UAV Detection, Classification and Tracking" is a comprehensive book that explores the latest techniques and advancements in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection, classification, and tracking. As UAV technology continues to evolve and become more accessible, there is a growing need for effective methods to detect, identify, and track these devices in various scenarios. This reprint provides a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art approaches for UAV detection, classification, and tracking, covering both theoretical and practical aspects.The reprint begins by introducing the basics of UAVs and their various applications, followed by a detailed overview of the challenges associated with UAV detection, classification, and tracking. The authors then present the latest techniques and algorithms used in the field, including machine-learning-based approaches, computer vision techniques, and sensor fusion techniques. The reprint also covers the challenges of real-world applications, such as dealing with occlusions, sensor noise, and environmental factors.With contributions from leading experts in the field, "Advances in UAV Detection, Classification and Tracking" is an essential resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners working on UAV detection, classification, and tracking. It is also a valuable reference for graduate students and anyone interested in the latest advancements in this rapidly evolving field
    Note: English
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562797 , 9783036562803
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: Numerical methods have become crucial in recent years and have been applied in many research fields. Among these, environmental and energy research has become increasingly relevant. This Special Issue comprises a recent advances in research relating to numerical modeling applied to energy and environment
    Note: English
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576152 , 9783036576145
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a powerful system for the recognition and elimination of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released from dying cells. Typical PAMPs include bacterial cell wall components, viral pathogens, or pathogenic nucleic acids, including viral RNA and DNA. Activation of TLRs leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons which are important for the induction of the host immune response against bacterial and viral infections. However, dysregulation and overstimulation can be detrimental, leading to hyper-inflammation, sepsis, and loss of tissue integrity. The involvement of TLRs in inflammation and bacterial infection has been recognized for a long time. There is an increasing number of reports demonstrating the involvement of TLR activation in a variety of viral infections, associated with protective immunity, but also immune hyper activation and even viral replication. Recent data show the involvement of TLR activation in various acute respiratory viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 and indicate an essential role in COVID-19 pathology. It aimed to gather newest data and hypotheses regarding molecular and cellular mechanisms of TLR triggering and activation and their downstream signaling pathways by viral infections, and their correlation to immunology and pathophysiology of the associated diseases, to facilitate translational research resulting in new targets for the treatment of viral infectious diseases including COVID-19
    Note: English
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036557311 , 9783036557328
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This book follows up on the previous volume focusing on the different biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. It includes original research works and review articles focusing on an improved understanding of disease mechanisms. It also aims to identify aspects of early therapeutic intervention for enhanced disease management. Some critical approaches include studies involving human tissue samples, mouse disease models, and different imaging techniques. These studies present the essential information necessary to address such pathological conditions in the future
    Note: English
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577333 , 9783036577326
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Mental health services
    Abstract: Digital health, virtual assistance, and telemedicine are terms often used interchangeably to refer to remote medical assistance, monitoring and care. Several studies and insights have developed these issues, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages and successes and failures and offering reflections on the implications and issues of these technologies in the health domain. The results of these investigations are affecting the redesign of hospital and outpatient management based on digital innovation using eHealth and mHealth. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this approach made it possible to offer assistance and continue care at home, protecting patients, preserving health workers, limiting the spread of the virus, and reducing the need for hospitalization. This reprint contains contributions dealing with the development of DH during the COVID-19 pandemic. The contributions are from various experts in different fields regarding the application of digital health, which, in some cases is also integrated with artificial intelligence, including digital contact tracing, mHealth, virtual reality, mental health, physiology, and rehabilitation
    Note: English
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783036577371 , 9783036577364
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Transcriptional regulation is a critical biological process that allows the cell or an organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals, to define cell identity during development, to maintain it throughout its lifetime, and to coordinate cellular activity. This control involves multiple temporal and functional steps as well as innumerable molecules including transcription factors, cofactors, and chromatin regulators. It is well known that many human disorders are characterized by global transcriptional dysregulation because most of the signaling pathways ultimately target transcription machinery. Indeed, many syndromes and genetic and complex diseases—cancer, autoimmunity, neurological and developmental disorders, and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases—can be caused by mutations/alterations in regulatory sequences, transcription factors, splicing regulators, cofactors, chromatin regulators, ncRNAs, and other components of transcription apparatus. It is worth noting that advances in our understanding of molecules and mechanisms involved in the transcriptional circuitry and apparatus lead to new insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms of various human diseases and disorders. Thus, this Special Issue is focused on molecular genetics and genomics studies exploring the effects of transcriptional misregulation on human diseases
    Note: English
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574882 , 9783036574899
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: “Material Analysis in Cultural Heritage” describes the application of modern analytical techniques in the studies of selected historical materials, their properties, and processes they undergo. The topics include glass and ceramics, metal preservation, functionality and testing of historic and modern building materials, origins of specific stones, decomposition of painting pigments, and the construction of historic violins
    Note: English
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783036577173 , 9783036577166
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Industry & industrial studies
    Abstract: Existing competitiveness between companies in the global market requires a high degree of proactivity, with an aim of reducing costs, increasing quality, and providing the market with innovative products that are in line with the natural evolution of customer demands. The concepts of the Toyota Production System, which have led to the adoption of lean manufacturing, have helped industrial managers to implement tools and practices that eliminate or substantially reduce wastes that normally exist in conventional production lines. However, the need for successive increase in flexibility necessitates a more favorable evolution with technological advancements in the programming of equipment and devices, along with the use of robotics and the integration of information throughout the product manufacturing cycle using the IoT or powerful networks. This concept, usually referred to as Industry 4.0, is in line with the principles of lean manufacturing, although it can only be supported by a true technological revolution involving remote programming of machines, integration of manufacturing processes, and real-time control of the work performed through an entire production cycle. This Special Issue showcases important contributions in the area of lean manufacturing and Industry 4.0, with innovative concepts that will certainly enthuse and strengthen readers’ knowledge
    Note: English
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577050 , 9783036577043
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Abstract: This special issue focuses on energy and the environment, including the latest research results and prospects. The special issue contains eleven original articles and two review articles. Most of the works focused on the synthesis and related mechanisms of photocatalytic nanomaterials. Photocatalysis technology has great potential to solve energy shortages and environmental pollution. Improving the sunlight utilization efficiency and catalytic activity of photocatalytic nanomaterials is the key problem that restricts the large-scale application of photocatalytic technology. This special issue details the internal mechanism of enhancing photocatalytic activity from element doping, constructing composite heterogeneous structures, introducing organic photosensitive materials, morphology control, and so on. These contributions provide various approaches to designing and establishing efficient photocatalytic nanomaterials
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575773 , 9783036575766
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The title of the current Special Issue, “Feature Papers in Materials Simulation and Design”, has identified the aims of this collection since its opening: the gathering of research works and comprehensive review papers that advance the understanding and prediction of material behavior at different scales, from atomistic to macroscopic, through innovative modeling and simulation.In this context, interdisciplinary researches that tackled challenging and complex material problems where the governing phenomena might span different scales of material behavior, with an emphasis on the development of quantitative approaches to explain and predict experimental observations, have been collected. Similarly, particular attention has been given to homogenization techniques for the evaluation of the mechanical properties of new materials and multi-phase composites. Innovative numerical approaches for the mechanical analysis, highlighting their accuracy, reliability, and stability features, have been also welcomed. Significant space has been also given to advanced and sustainable technologies. From the aforementioned topics, it is evident that this Special Issue represents the ideal forum for disseminating excellent research findings, as well as sharing innovative ideas in this significant field.Throughout the several months of activity, this Special Issue has been able to attract much interesting research. Its success is proven by the sixteen papers collected and published
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576855 , 9783036576848
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The purpose of this reprint based on the Special issue "Molecules in Diabetes Melitus, Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease”, IJMS journal, MDPI, is to present the impact in clinical practice as well as in medical research of novel molecules that have been introduced in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease
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  • 32
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575056 , 9783036575049
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (322 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Optic neuropathies are conditions in which there is damage to the optic nerve (ON) caused by a variety of causes, including glaucoma, inflammation, gene abnormalities, ischemia, trauma, and toxicity. ON damage triggers a process of axon degeneration, inflammatory cytokine upregulation, breakdown of the blood–optic nerve barrier, and, eventually, the induction of apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), resulting in optic atrophy. To date, there is no effective treatment for most optic neuropathies; however, because the damage initially is axogenic, there may exist a window of therapeutic opportunity before the death of RGCs. Thus, the search for effective treatments for various optic neuropathies before there is permanent damage to prevent or limit visual dysfunction and the development of methods to stimulate axon and/or RGC regeneration to restore vision after damage has occurred is pivotal.This reprint collected 19 articles published in this Special Issue of IJMS which covers the molecular mechanisms to protect RGCs and/or axonal damage, translational research, gene therapy, regenerative medicine, and neuroprotection for glaucoma
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574486 , 9783036574493
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (398 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: In recent years, we have been witnessing the exponential proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), networks of physical devices, vehicles, appliances and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators and connectivity that enables these objects to connect and exchange data. Enabling the introduction of highly efficient IoT, wireless sensing and network technologies will reduce the need for traditional processes that are currently be carried out manually, thus freeing up the precious resources of dwindling working staff, to do more meaningful and human-centered work. This reprint aims to bring together innovative developments in areas related to IoT, wireless sensing and networking. The aspects covered include software-defined network (SDN)-based IoT networks, artificial intelligence (AI) for IoT, industrial IoT, smart sensors, optimization of energy efficiency for IoT, and wireless sensor networks, IoT applications for agriculture, smart cities, healthcare, localization and environment monitoring
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573915 , 9783036573908
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue published one editorial, eight articles and four reviews from approximately one hundred authors. It aimed to provide cutting-edge research on pre-clinical development and the clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals within the molecular imaging community. The Special Issue covered radioligand development, existing radiotracer optimization, imaging agent evaluation in animal models, the clinical production of radiopharmaceuticals, and investigative research on the use of molecular imaging probes in human subjects. We appreciate all the authors’ significant contributions to this Special Issue and hope the readers will enjoy the content
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575407 , 9783036575414
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Robotics and intelligent systems often appear to be linked, as they take advantage of the best abilities of each other towards a common goal. In industry, it is common to see robotic systems aided by machine learning and vice versa and in applications spanning from robot navigation, grasping, human–robot interaction/collaboration, safety, and team management, among others. Achievements targeting the industrial domain can be directly applied in robotic systems operating in other domains. While the advancements in the last few years have been enormous, industrial robotics and intelligent systems face several scientific and technological challenges related to their integration with other systems, interaction with humans, safety, flexibility, reconfigurability, and autonomy. These challenges are especially relevant when robots operate in unstructured industrial environments and share their workspaces with human co-workers and other robots. This reprint collects research and technological achievements related to advanced intelligent robotic systems. The contributions cover the coordination of multiple robots navigating on the factory floor, path planning strategies, human–robot interaction, robot redundancy and kinematics, systems integration, grasping, and manipulation
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574097 , 9783036574080
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint represents a general view of what and how the research on plants at the molecular level (genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and so on) contributes to a good equilibrium among human needs, food security, and future strategies for mitigating the effects of global climate changes. Now more than ever, it is critical to understand the genetics and evolution of the gene mechanisms and the networks of different molecular pathways acting on plant abiotic stress tolerance in order to find new solutions for modern agricultural problems.This reprint is full of technical and specialized terms and, for this reason, its target audience is scientists and students trained in plant functional genomics, breeding, agronomy, and genetics. It is an exciting virtual tour through plant molecular responses to various environmental stresses, and new ideas and applications will be derived
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575193 , 9783036575186
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: Air pollution and the changing climate are some of the greatest threats to the health and functioning of forest ecosystems, strongly jeopardizing their ecological and economic functions as well as services. The impact of increasing temperatures and extreme weather events (droughts, storms, temperature and precipitation extremes) on the vitality of forest trees is often difficult to separate from the impact of pollution, such as nitrogen deposition and tropospheric ozone, as they can exhibit synergistic effects. The use of indicators is elementary in modern forest ecophysiological research, as they help us to disentangle complex interactions between trees and various stress-inducing factors as well as better estimate the level of damage to trees and forest ecosystems.Eleven papers are included in this Special Issue, with wide-ranging topics from various disciplines but centered around tree responses to environmental stress. The task of this Special Issue is twofold: one, to remind us that a better understanding of the physiological processes influencing tree vitality under the changing climate and air pollution pressures requires considerable research efforts and constant advancements in research methods and approaches; two, to highlight the fact that the environmental pressures instigating the use of tree stress response indicators are more present than ever, and will likely continue to affect tree vitality in the foreseeable future
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9783036571584 , 9783036571591
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: The arts ; Architecture
    Abstract: This reprint covers various aspects of sustainable urbanisation. It includes empirical evidence, theoretical insights, and practical recommendations in order to inform and inspire sustainable urban strategies. The ten original research studies presented in this reprint explore topics such as green buildings, rail transportation, land-use efficiency, energy consumption, innovation management, heritage preservation, digital technologies, and behaviour change. The interdisciplinary and international scope of the issue reflects the complexity and diversity of the challenges and opportunities encountered when striving for urban sustainability. This Special Issue aimed to provide researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students with a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective on sustainable urban development
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576794 , 9783036576787
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Since the introduction of robotic surgery in the early 2000s, several studies have demonstrated its safety and feasibility in various complicated procedures, including esophageal, gastric, and colorectal surgery (for both benign and malignant pathologies), hepatobiliopancreatic surgery, and gynecological and urological procedures.Robot-assisted surgery provides the advantages of a magnified tridimensional view and movement stability without a tremor, which facilitate a precise dissection. The EndoWrist instrument also facilitates dissection at difficult angles, thus enabling surgery in complex conditions.Even if some of the advantages of robotic surgery have been defined, we are still far from clearly recognizing precise indications for a robotic approach in gastrointestinal surgery.With this Special Issue, we aim to investigate the conditions that support the robotic approach in gastrointestinal surgery toward the definition of gold-standard robotic procedures, as established in urological surgery for prostatectomy
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    ISBN: 9783036574646 , 9783036574653
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Due to the high prevalence of Eating Disorders (ED) and obesity over the life-spam and the increasing comorbidity between both conditions, the goal of this Special Issue, “Eating Disorders and Obesity: Through the Life Course”, was to approach that situation from a broader perspective. We would like to have multidisciplinary contributions, approaching ED and Obesity as potential continuum (eg. Anorexia nervosa and obesity as extreme dimensions), looking not only to shared and differential risk factors (environmental, temperamental, biological, nutritional and neuroendocrinological between ED and obesity), but also to epidemiological studies exploring transition from one to the other, through the life-course, and its impact on the treatment outcome. We were expecting to have systematic reviews and empirical studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal manuscripts), coming from all over the globe
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573786 , 9783036573793
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering
    Abstract: Traditional manufacturing processes, such as welding and casting, and modern techniques, such as additive manufacturing, can significantly affect the local material properties of metallic materials. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of engineering components and structures, fundamental knowledge of the manufacturing effects on fatigue performance is of the utmost importance. Hence, this Special Issue focuses on the fatigue design of metallic structures, considering the influence of technological aspects. Approaches based on local stress/strain, as well as fracture-mechanics-based concepts, are applied, considering local manufacturing-process-dependent characteristics, such as microstructure, hardness, porosity/defects, surface topography, and/or residual stress state. Moreover, probabilistic methods are utilized which enable a link between statistically distributed local characteristics and failure/survival probability, enabling the advanced fatigue design of metallic structures
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9783036572062 , 9783036572079
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Law
    Abstract: This is a reprint of the Special Issue The Rule of Law and Human Mobility in the Age of the Global Compacts: Relativising the Risks and Gains of Soft Normativity?, which hosts nine contributions that critically dive in the normative, administrative, and judicial obstacles and potential standing of the legal framework and implementation setting of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration (GCM) and the Global Compact for Refugees (GCR). The following four thematic clusters are proposed: 1. The justiciability of the actionable commitments under the Global Compacts before domestic courts as a threshold for the degree of judicial protection for migrants and refugees; 2. How human rights treaties and the Global Compacts are connected might matter for the level of rights protection; 3. Externalized migration policies and border management as a threat for the regional scope of human rights and as a risk factor for the rule of law; and 4. Data-driven and evidence-based migration policies, including digital technology as facilitators for standardizing migration and asylum decisions. By inquiring into human rights protection at the boundaries of the political commitments under the Global Compacts, this reprint engages in a conversation about the confinements that migrants and refugees encounter when accessing their substantive and procedural rights and encourages legal science/scholars to map an emerging field of study within global migration governance
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573175 , 9783036573168
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Fire-induced smoke influences the safe evacuation of occupants and firefighters’ ability to extinguish a fire. About 80% of deaths in fires were caused by toxic smoke, according to statistics. Hence, how to control smoke is of great importance in order to reduce fire hazards. In this Special Issue, the scope was to gather original, fundamental and applied research concerning experimental, theoretical, computational and case studies that contribute towards the understanding of fire-induced smoke
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036557014 , 9783036557021
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Transport technology & trades
    Abstract: This book focuses on advanced techniques to reduce the impact of the transport sector and, more specifically, of Spark-Ignition (SI) Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) on atmospheric air pollution and climate change. Hybrid vehicles represent the most suitable option for addressing these issues in the medium term, since hybridization allows us to overcome the major disadvantages of ICEs, electric units, and energy storage devices and merge their respective benefits. In this scenario, ICEs will remain the core component of automotive propulsion systems in the years to come. Of course, further efforts to improve the efficiency and reduce the pollutant and CO2 emissions of ICEs are necessary
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573762 , 9783036573779
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: The present reprint contains five articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Logic and Computation 2023” of the MDPI “Mathematics” journal, covering several topics on computing science based on some form of logic. These topics include the model theory for formal logic-based formal specification and programming, logic mining and logic for games. It is hoped that the reprint will be interesting and useful for those working in the area of applying logic to computing
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571409 , 9783036571416
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: Mathematical modeling is at the heart of most current developments in biological system analysis and bioprocess optimization and control. At the industrial scale, this evolution is reflected in process analytical technologies (PAT), digital twins, and Industry 4.0. This book focuses on various aspects of mathematical modeling at the microscopic and macroscopic scales, respectively, and demonstrates the potential of these methodologies to gain insight into the cell metabolism, to support the design of software sensors to reconstruct unmeasurable variables, or to establish model-based optimization of the operating conditions and/or feedback control of the bioprocesses. The range of applications is vast, including biopharmaceuticals, bioenergy, and the environment
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  • 47
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572901 , 9783036572918
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth’s Interior belongs to the Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. It is a unique and authoritative key laboratory at the provincial and ministerial levels. The Key High-Pressure Laboratory is primarily focused on the high-temperature and high-pressure experimental sciences, in combination with filed geophysical observation, theoretical calculation and advanced analysis tests in order to explore the chemical composition, cycling structure, geological state, material circulation, etc., of deep Earth. The mainstream research subjects of the Laboratory mainly include: research and development of experimental platforms and measurement techniques at high temperatures and high pressures; high-pressure material synthesis and hot-pressed sintering techniques; physical and chemical characterizations (e.g. electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, ultrasonic wave velocity, etc.) of minerals and rocks at conditions of high pressure and different oxygen fugacities by virtue of representative high-pressure apparatus, including autoclaves, piston cylinders, multi-anvil presses, diamond anvil cells and shock waves; high-pressure physiochemical behavior and storage states in the geological fluid and melt of deep Earth interior; high-pressure theoretical calculations; and high-pressure applications in the service of national economical and societal development
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574714 , 9783036574707
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Abstract: The application fields of colloid and interface chemistry are very wide, covering many aspects such as industrial and agricultural production, daily chemistry, enhanced oil recovery, and so on. The traditional experimental analysis of a colloid and interface chemistry system includes various instrumental analysis methods such as spectroscopy, rheometer, microscopes, etc. In recent decades, molecular simulation has become an important research method in this field. It can investigate at the molecular level and provide mechanisms or insights that are hard or even impossible to obtain from an experiment. Many applications of molecular simulation have been reported in the literature, such as the behavior of surfactant, self-assembly, enhanced oil recovery, adsorption around interface, etc. This reprint has collected ten research articles which relate to the application of molecular dyamics simulation in colloide and interface chemistry
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574455 , 9783036574448
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: Interactions between nucleic acids and proteins are essential requirements for the viability of cellular life because they are indispensable for many basic biological processes. DNA is typically presented as a specific double-stranded helical structure, but nucleic acids have great structural flexibility. Current knowledge demonstrates that the structural conformations of nucleic acids play critical roles in protein–DNA interactions. This book presents a collection of research findings published in the Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, titled “Impacts of Molecular Structure on Nucleic Acid-Protein Interactions”.The breadth of research findings reported here demonstrates that the structural flexibility of nucleic acids plays critical roles in their interactions with proteins, with important implications across a range of human diseases, including cancer and some infectious diseases.Prof. Richard BowaterUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich, United KingdomProf. Václav BrázdaInstitute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573823 , 9783036573830
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This reprint is devoted to studying RE-doped bulk and nanocrystalline materials from a scientific point of view and to presenting their possible applications in any field. This reprint is intended to serve as a unique multidisciplinary forum covering all aspects of science, technology and applications of rare-earth-doped crystals, starting from the growth techniques with specific attention to the optical and spectroscopic properties of these materials and their applications
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    ISBN: 9783036574271 , 9783036574264
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Transport technology & trades
    Abstract: This reprint contains the most recent research in pavement engineering, which mainly addresses the performance-related properties of asphalt mixtures. We hope that this reprint is helpful for researchers and pavement industries to generate a better and deeper understanding of pavement materials, pavement construction, and pavement maintenance
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573410 , 9783036573403
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Abstract: "Sustainable Food Supply Chain Research", as a seminar collection of articles, provides theoretical and empirical scientific insights to enable sustainable food research academics, students, and practitioners to gauge the trajectory of sustainable food supply chain research, including contemporary research positions on a sustainable food supply chain around the world. Rigorously synthesizing the relevant academic literature and gold standard methods, the scientific contributions in this reprint integrate quantitative and qualitative models and tools that address the product quality framework for food supply chains, the causes of food waste within grocery retail chains, choice editing in favour of sustainable consumption in supply chains, multi-stakeholder initiatives in food supply chains, sustainability in governance in the cocoa supply chain, digitalisation for a sustainable food supply chain, logistics service quality, crop failure and supply chain dynamics in a developing country context, strategic agility in the fresh produce supply chain, and short food supply chains, among others
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573670 , 9783036573663
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Dear Colleagues,Many structural metal materials work under the coupling condition of the load and corrosion environment. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the corrosion and mechanical behavior of metal structural materials. The corrosion behaviors of metals under the coupling condition of the mechanics and corrosion environment mainly include stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking, corrosion fatigue, erosion corrosion, wear corrosion, etc. From the macroscopic or microscopic point of view, these corrosion damages all involve the fracture process, and fractures are caused by environmental factors, also known as environmental fractures. Thus, this Special Issue, ”Corrosion and Mechanical Behavior of Metal Materials”, will focus on the environmental fracture behavior of metal materials, including but not limited to experimental, computational, or theoretical studies on environmental corrosion fracture of high-strength metal materials
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9783036574066 , 9783036574073
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (484 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Among the strategies for reducing the negative effects on the environment effected by the uncontrolled consumption and low potential for the recovery of conventional plastics, the synthesis of new biodegradable and recyclable plastics represents one of the most promising methods for minimizing the negative effects of conventional non-biodegradable plastics. The spectrum of existing biodegradable materials is still very narrow; thus, to achieve greater applicability, research is being carried out on biodegradable polymer mixtures, the synthesis of new polymers, and the incorporation of new stabilizers for thermal degradation, alongside the use of other additives such as antibacterials or new and more sustainable plasticizers. Some studies analyze direct applications, such as shape memory foams, new cartilage implants, drug release, etc.The reader can find several studies on the degradation of biodegradable polymers under composting conditions; however, novel bacteria that degrade polymers considered non-biodegradable in other, unusual conditions (such as conditions of high salinity) are also presented
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574592 , 9783036574585
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (266 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: There has been a rapid development in the academic literature over the last ten years on papers relating to individualization, personalization, patient-, client-, consumer- and person-centredness, with work on conceptual, instrumental, observational, and experimental levels. This Special Issue presents papers that can further establish the current state of science on these topics relating to personalized nursing and health care. We collected papers that highlight and further the knowledge base conceptually, instrumentally, observationally, and experimentally with sound theoretical and methodological underpinnings and implications for research, theory, and clinical work in the disciplines of nursing, medicine, allied health, and beyond
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    ISBN: 9783036572888 , 9783036572895
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Carbazoles are important aromatic heterocyclic compounds isolated from plants or synthetically obtained. Today, many carbazole derivatives are used in different industrial sectors, especially in the fields of physical chemistry, materials chemistry, and pharmaceuticals. In this Special Issue, “Carbazole derivatives: latest progress and prospects”, recent studies on carbazole derivatives that are utilized, such as β1-blocking, anticancer (e.g., STAT inhibitors, microtubule-targeting agents), and antidiabetic as well as antiviral (e.g., for the treatment of COVID-19 infection) agents, are reported
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573151 , 9783036573144
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering
    Abstract: Pyrometallurgy is considered to be an environmentally friendly technology in processing of primary and secondary raw materials. The continuous development of pyrometallurgical processes to treat more complex raw materials requires direct support from fundamental research. In this reprint, 18 papers focusing on recent investigations into the existing and new pyrometallurgical processes such as recovery of cobalt through chlorination–volatilization, the extraction of tungsten from low-grade concentrates, copper and lead smelting, ironmaking, and steelmaking are collected. This reprint is expected to serve as a valuable reference for academia and the industry working on thermodynamics, kinetics, and technological optimization and development
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9783036571850 , 9783036571843
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Genetic aberrations and epigenetic modifications are critical drivers of cancer progression and metastasis. Although recurrent mutations in primary and metastatic cancers have been shown to be concordant, there are several metastasis-associated mutations responsible for resistance to specific therapies that are frequently located in genes that regulate DNA methylation and chromatin modifications. Recent studies have shown that distinct subgroups of poor-prognosis tumors lack genetic alterations but are epigenetically regulated, pointing to the critical role of epigenetic modifications in cancer progression. This Special Issue provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying processes associated with cancer cell plasticity and the development of metastatic disease
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  • 59
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571669 , 9783036571676
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Energy transitions and environmental sustainability does not occur overnight as it may take years of policy debates both from within domestic jurisdictions and from international organisations. It often requires energy saving technology innovations to drive appropriate investment decisions that can then allow energy transition to occur. There is no one global solution. Countries progress in their energy transition goals by taking small steps as demonstrated in this special issue, “Energy Transition and Environmental Sustainability”. This Special Issue provides thirteen interesting papers showing examples of projects undertaken or challenges encountered in various countries, such as: Legal reforms for energy transition in Taiwan and Japan; Transition towards solar PV in South Korea; Transition to electricity driven buses in Central Europe; Vehicle transition and the development of electric car production in the United States, the European Union and Japan; Cooling solutions for buildings in Pakistan; Projects in Ecuador to replace fossil fuel use with Hydropower; The Role of Electrification in the Decarbonization of Central-Western Europe; Energy technology innovation through the application of new technologies in oil resource development; Wastewater treatment challenges in Poland; Increased climate change litigation facing Australian Energy Companies; Renewable energy solution to a Childcare facility in Tokyo; and Canadian policies to support renewable gas production from organic waste. This Special Issue provides global perspectives and uncertainties on energy transition and will appeal to all levels of readers
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9783036571874 , 9783036571867
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Traditional wood composites are produced with synthetic, formaldehyde-based adhesives, commonly made from fossil-derived constituents, such as urea, phenol, melamine, etc. Along with their undisputable advantages, these adhesives are characterized by certain problems, connected with the emission of hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including free formaldehyde emission from the finished wood composites, which is carcinogenic to humans and harmful to the environment. The growing environmental concerns, connected with the adoption of circular economy principles, and the new, stricter legislative requirements for the emission of harmful VOCs, e.g., free formaldehyde, from wood composites, have posed new challenges to researchers and industrial practice, related to the development of sustainable, eco-friendly wood composites, optimization of the available lignocellulosic raw materials, and use of alternative resources. This reprint presents a collection of 10 high-quality original research and review papers providing examples of the most recent advances and technological developments in the fabrication, design, characteristics, and applications of eco-friendly wood and wood-based composites
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  • 61
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572024 , 9783036572031
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Quantum information and quantum computing are very rapidly developing research directions in recent years. This reprint introduces some of the latest developments in quantum theory, including basic physical theories such as quantum entanglement, and quantum information processing; and applications such as quantum secret key allocation, and several types of quantum algorithms. This reprint is suitable for some researchers or students to read
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  • 62
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561554 , 9783036561561
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (458 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Abstract: The delicate balance of resource intensity and efficiency of a solution for a very complex problem raises the issue of how these aspects constitute a symmetrical or asymmetrical system. Computational Intelligence (CI) offers a plethora of efficient tools for the potential and rather good quality solution of highly complex, often mathematically intractable problems. This "toolbox" is one of the best examples for the study of the above mentioned issue, namely, how to find the best balance, how to establish a symmetry of weights or costs in a particular field, for a particular problem. This special issue presents a number of interesting novel applications of CI for the tackling of a wide variety of difficult problems. The Introduction gives a short insight into the symmetry and asymmetry aspect of the topic
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9783036572086 , 9783036572093
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (652 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science ; Probability & statistics
    Abstract: The forest, as the main body of the terrestrial ecosystem, has a huge carbon sink function and plays an important role in coping with global climate change. This reprint on “Monitoring forest carbon sequestration with remote sensing” mainly focuses on new remote sensing theories, methods, and technologies for monitoring carbon sinks in forest ecosystems (including urban forest ecosystems)
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572291 , 9783036572284
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This reprint is a collection of studies on antimicrobial nanodrugs; it includes four review papers on anti-biofilm therapy, carbon dot-based antimicrobial materials, and supramolecular assemblies for combating antibiotic resistance, as well as six research papers on antibiotic-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles, mesostructured spherical nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion, nano-polyoxometalates, and gold nanoprisms
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  • 65
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572949 , 9783036572956
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (564 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Agricultural productivity should increase to meet the growing food demand. Tillage is defined as the mechanical manipulation of agricultural soil, and it is an extremely vital part of crop production, particularly for seedbed preparation and weed control. Tillage operations are carried out using mechanical force, commonly with a tractor-drawn tool to achieve the cutting, inversion, pulverization, and disturbance of soil. A significant part of the energy (from fossil fuels) used in crop production is expended in tillage. This energy use results in greenhouse gas emissions. It is essential that we reduce energy use (hence, greenhouse gas emissions) to achieve sustainable farming practices and improve crop production and design new tillage tools or optimize the existing tools. Although the design and evaluation of tillage tools are generally carried out using analytical methods and field experiments, with recent technological improvements, computer technology has been used for the design and evaluation of tillage tools. Additionally, sensor technology can improve the efficiency of tillage tools. This Special Issue collated innovative papers that make a significant contribution to the design and application of agricultural equipment in tillage systems. It involved original research and review papers from different research fields, such as agricultural engineering, engineering simulation, and precision agriculture
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  • 66
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563367 , 9783036563374
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on new advances and developments in the topic of vibration control and structural health monitoring. In order to reduce the adverse impact of vibration on structures, vibration control and structure health monitoring have become increasingly important. In this reprint, frontier research topics in the following areas have been published: theory and computational methods of vibration control, materials and devices for vibration control, tests and applications of vibration mitigation or isolation techniques, structural health monitoring, vibration analysis, and tests and applications in relative fields
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  • 67
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572482 , 9783036572499
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on radioactivity and applied research on the gamma irradiation of marjoram and the transfer of natural radionuclides to date palm plants. Sustainable techniques such as phytoremediation and bio-sorption were used in the treatment of radioactive waste, and sustainable materials were used in the immobilization of radioactive waste and radiation shielding. Natural radioactivity was investigated in common construction materials
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  • 68
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571935 , 9783036571928
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: The application of novel experimental tools in many scientific fields has created an urgent need for an improved understanding of many new physical phenomena that emerge under such conditions. In particular, phenomena that occur in low-dimensional systems have drawn the interest of many experimental and theoretical groups globally. The aim of this reprint is to provide an overview of the current research in low-dimensional systems by attracting contributions from a number of specialists in the field. This way, we attempt to provide important insights on the large variety of scientifically fascinating and technologically important phenomena that are currently being investigated. The covered topics include original research articles on the fundamental principles and experimental aspects that apply to various low-dimensional systems, such as quantum dots, graphene systems, ultrathin films, superconducting films, novel nanoscale devices, etc. This reprint includes research papers from both theoretical and experimental groups. Many phenomena are studied from a multi-disciplinary perspective in such a way as to explore key important developments in the field
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  • 69
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572307 , 9783036572314
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on research concerning various types of nanoparticles in terms of their toxicity, removal of antibiotics, and behavior in natural environments. In addition, reviews on microplastics in the atmosphere and the possible health impacts of microplastics/nanoplastics on humans are included
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  • 70
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572765 , 9783036572772
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Today, a great variety of contraceptive techniques are available to women; this, coupled with improving the educational levels of female children and adults, is hastening a decline in fertility and consequently, population growth. With the advent of sustained fertility rates lower than replacement levels in many countries, including China and India, we are already witnessing major economic, social, environmental, and geopolitical consequences. Given this situation, today, the promotion of the use of contraception means improving health, not demography, placing emphasis on individuals and not just on methods alone; on the quality of services, and not simply on availability. Indeed, there is an increasing awareness that contraception can help women reduce health risks that are associated with reproductive events and specifically, with unwanted pregnancies. This means that, no matter how ideal a method may be from a purely scientific viewpoint, it must be submitted to the free, decision-making of well-informed women. To contribute to this new user-centric perspective, this reprint presents a series of articles in which technology is considered withing the broader concept of women’s health. Five articles deal with issues related to the users’ and providers’ perspectives; three discuss a modality that is receiving increasing attention, the so-called Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC); and the last three contributions highlight the new advances in oral hormonal contraception
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9783036571560 , 9783036571577
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Education
    Abstract: The Special Issue papers comprise classified into four categories: The first category includes three papers that examine the practical application of design theory in different contexts. The second category comprises three papers exploring the role of technology in design education. The third category includes three papers that analyze the intersection of design education and cross-cultural communication. The final category encompasses two papers investigating the application of design education in diverse fields. It offered invaluable insights into the latest pedagogical approaches, technologies, and trends in the field of design education. It provided a rich and nuanced view of the challenges and opportunities faced by design educators today. It was an invaluable resource for researchers, educators, and practitioners in the field of design education
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  • 72
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572383 , 9783036572390
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (370 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue on advanced sensor technologies contains contributions on the latest developments in mobile robotic systems and related research. Various topics with different ideas and applications from mobile robotics have found their place. New ideas are presented for mobile robots that specialise in cleaning floors, power lines and HVAC systems. We also find innovative approaches for navigation path planning using local minima-free potential fields, novel path primitives and/or their parameterisation for minimum-time planning, and various control approaches ranging from visual serving to model predictive and adaptive trajectory tracking, applied to wheeled robots, humanoid manipulators and flying robots. Localisation approaches using LiDAR, motion capture systems, fingerprint-based and biomechanical gait systems are also discussed. In addition to advances in methodology, applications in healthcare, mining tunnels, cleaning, warehouses and other areas are mentioned
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  • 73
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562858 , 9783036562865
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: This book focuses on applied technologies on biowaste treatment with the aim to minimize its environmental impact and to recover resources in the form of energy, nutrients, and other valuable products. As a result of this, the book has collected the latest research on mature, conventional, and innovative technologies used to address the challenging issues with the treatment and valorization of different flows of biowaste
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  • 74
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572994 , 9783036572987
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: Catalytic oxidation or reduction processes are among the most efficient processes for water and wastewater treatment. These include photocatalysis, sulfate and hydroxyl-radical-based advanced oxidation processes.This Special Issue contains the contributions of different research groups and discusses the recent progress and advances in catalytic processes in water and wastewater treatment
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9783036561837 , 9783036561844
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focusses on Smartness, a multidisciplinary topic, which is examined from four perspectives: Sensors, IoT, and Data Generation; Data and Information Processing; Actuation; and Digital Systems and Infrastructure. We see smartness in the way sensing is embedded in a system, the way data and information are processed, how a system interacts internally and with its environment, and whether a system is ubiquitous or limited by space (cloud-based or edge-enabled). This reprint contains a total of 14 chapters, which are grouped according to their areas of application: mobility and transportation, healthcare, industrial environments, and other urban infrastructures. This book covers a range of topics, including mobility; healthcare; image analysis; permeable pavements; solid-waste management; sensor node and gateway architectures; cloud, fog, and edge computing; air-quality monitoring; thermal anomalies and smart helmets in industrial environments; smart airports; smart districts; smart travel choices; sensor cities; artificially intelligent cities; platform urbanism; and more
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  • 76
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572840 , 9783036572857
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This reprint covers the theory and fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures, patterned surfaces, and devices for lossy mode resonance (LMR), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), surface-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SEFS), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based biosensors. The chapters in this reprint cover a range of topics, including the interplay between SPR and lossy mode resonance, fabrication of LSPR substrates using high-throughput techniques, recent advances in various nanostructures, recent developments in the field of nanostructured Ag substrates, and innovative advances in biosensors based on DNA nanotechnology. These chapters provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments in plasmonic biosensors, making this reprint essential reading for researchers working in biosensors and plasmonics
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  • 77
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572697 , 9783036572680
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: It was recently reported that pollution was responsible for 9 million premature deaths in 2015, making it the world's largest environmental risk factor for disease and premature death. Human and industrial activities generate various forms of residual wastes and by-products in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state. Waste generation starts with simple processes such as living, eating, and breathing. Managing waste and minimizing associated environmental impacts have become more challenging as worldwide populations and economies continue to grow. Once these hazardous chemicals are present in the environment, people can become exposed to them. Human health can be influenced by many factors, including exposure to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological contaminants in the environment.This reprint comprises research papers related to the aspects of environmental exposure to multiple toxic chemicals and human health. The manuscripts are focused on toxicology, biomonitoring, exposure and risk assessment, and endocrine disruptors
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  • 78
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571911 , 9783036571904
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: Biocatalysis is a sustainable alternative for the chemical industry in manufacturing, monitoring, and waste management. Biocatalytic processes perform with isolated enzymes or whole cells as biocatalysts. Whole-cell biocatalysts offer some unique advantages of cascade reactions catalyzed by multienzymes as well as a single bioredox reaction with cofactor regeneration in a single strain. Therefore, whole-cell biocatalysts are widely applied for biosynthesis/biotransformation to produce value-added chemicals as well as the complete mineralization of organic pollutants.Biological catalytic processing using whole-cell biocatalysts includes biocatalyst engineering, bio-reaction engineering, and downstream processing. In addition to the traditional screening of microbial strains and immobilized whole-cell biocatalysts, modern genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology make tailored whole-cell biocatalysts possible. At the same time, some integrated processes have successfully been applied in the catalytic processing using living whole-cell biocatalysts, such as harnessing biocompatible chemistry to interface with the microbial metabolism as well as using various separation techniques for in situ product removal.This reprint on “Microbial Biocatalysis” provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments of catalyst discovery, catalyst modification, and process intensification for whole cell catalysis in fermentation, biotransformation or biodegradation processes
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  • 79
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574387 , 9783036574394
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Coasts are highly dynamic and geomorphologically complex systems that evolve under the growing pressures of climate change and anthropogenic activities, which can have direct or indirect impacts on the coastal environment. Among the major adverse effects, coastal erosion represents one of the most pressing global issues, especially in flat and low-lying coastal areas that appear to be particularly susceptible to beach erosion and related shoreline retreat. This Special Issue presents twelve papers on “Shoreline Dynamics and Beach Erosion” that contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the dynamics and spatial-temporal evolution of shorelines and beach systems. Using multi-, interdisciplinary, and new experimental approaches, coastal systems of variable complexities located in different geographic and climatic contexts are investigated. The major topics covered concern the morphodynamics and hydrodynamics of coastal systems, the driving factors of coastal erosion, and the use of models and indexes to study coastal vulnerability, and the mitigation of human and natural pressures affecting coastal ecosystems
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  • 80
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574844 , 9783036574851
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: New scientific advances in different areas have allowed the design of more precise strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders through nutrition. In this context emerges the term Precision Nutrition, a new approach that takes advantage of scientific knowledge about the interaction of internal and external environmental factors to develop dynamic and precise nutritional recommendations. Therefore, Precision Nutrition includes personalized advice based on genetics and well-documented gene–nutrient–phenotype interactions, as well as other factors such as individual metabolome, transcriptome, and microbiota profile; food behavior; and dietary, physical activity, and life-style habits; and the resulting interactomes. Precision Nutrition should be based at least on three sequential steps: conventional nutritional approaches (considering age, gender, and physiological states); the incorporation of nutritional and health status information (e.g., metabolites, physical and nutritional behavior); and the genetic baggage including multiomics functional integration
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9783036574189 , 9783036574196
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (510 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: Earth observation (EO), remote sensing (RS), and geoinformation (GI) technologies play a critical role in the study of Svalbard's environment, providing insights into the region's changes and supporting decision-making processes. This reprint presents a comprehensive overview of the applications of EO and RS technologies in Svalbard, covering a wide range of topics related to the environment. It includes contributions from leading experts in the field, providing insights into the current state of the art and future directions for research. The reprint starts by introducing the status of EO and RS in Svalbard, providing a solid foundation for readers new to the field. It then delves into specific applications of these technologies, including the monitoring of glaciers, snow cover, and permafrost using ground-, space-, and air-based RS platforms. Overall, this book aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the applications of EO and RS technologies in Svalbard, highlighting their importance in understanding and addressing the challenges faced by the region. It will be a valuable resource for researchers, students, policymakers, and practitioners in the fields of environmental science, geography, and remote sensing
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  • 82
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577081 , 9783036577098
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The articles discussed in this reprint show the potential health benefits of nutraceuticals, which are products containing bioactive compounds that can prevent and treat chronic diseases. This book explores various functional ingredients, including plant-derived products, mushrooms, microalgae, and goji berries, for their therapeutic, hypoallergenic, and sporting purposes. The study of the gut microbiome and its interactions with dietary components is also discussed. Additionally, the importance of sustainable and environmentally friendly practices in the food industry also stands out. As consumers seek out natural and functional food products, continued research on and the development of nutraceuticals will be critical in promoting healthy aging and addressing chronic diseases
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9783036576282 , 9783036576299
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: At present, the digital economy is creating a new approach to sustainable development. In particular, this relates to the transformation of the traditional economy via the influence of digitalization on finance management processes. The digital economy is affecting changes in resource management processes. Dynamic digital transformation processes are currently taking place and exerting influence on the shaping of new business models. Existing business models are changing, particularly in the context of their life cycle. The new economic model is rendered social factors more important in terms of creating value for people and the natural environment. Trust in financial institutions, which is also a factor in sustainable business models, is an important criterion for business research. Economic model based on the irresponsible use of natural resources have been heavily criticized for years, and societies have begun to reject business models that negatively impact the environment. The aim of this Special Issue is to present the results of research on the current trends and challenges related to the digital revolution in financial management for sustainable development, an issue that requires extensive research and analysis
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  • 84
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572666 , 9783036572673
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: The present reprint contains the 11 papers that were accepted and published in the Special Issue “Applied and Computational Mathematics for Digital Environments” of the MDPI Mathematics journal. The topics of interest include, among others, scientific research, applied tasks, and problems in the following areas: The construction of mathematical and information models of intelligent computer systems for monitoring and controlling the parameters of digital environments; The development of intelligent optimization algorithms that search for optimal parameter values of mathematical and information models in digital environments; Software and mathematical technologies in the implementation of intelligent monitoring and computer control of the parameters of digital environments; The development and application of mathematical and information models, machine learning methods, and artificial intelligence for the analysis and processing of big data in digital environments. I hope that this reprint will be useful to those who are interested in the real-world applications of applied and computational mathematics for digital environments in terms of solving actual, practical problems in all spheres of human life and activity
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569086 , 9783036569093
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: In a developing world, the demands for energy, water and the damage to our environment are constantly increasing. Electrochemistry could be a great tool to solve these problems, with an impact that could minimize or at least control damage in our environment, since the main driver of the reaction is the electron that can be produced in a sustainable manner. In electrochemical approaches of energy conversion and production, drinking water production and wastewater treatment, the material synthesis and interface characterization are key components that greatly affect a system’s performance. The Special Issue “Electromaterials for Environment & Energy” proposes a set of publications that covers a range of subjects and applications related to energy, water and environmental pollution treatment, with a focus on material and interface control for process optimization
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  • 86
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577616 , 9783036577609
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This reprint entitled "Nanomedicine Based Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Developments and Future Prospects" contains 14 articles in total. This includes one editorial, ten research articles, and three review articles. All articles are associated with nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems for the solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic enhancement of active drug molecules. In recent years, there has been a tremendous amount of research on nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems. This reprint has brought together prominent scientists who have explored a diverse range of applications of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems. I believe that further clinical and toxicological studies on both animal and human models are still required to explore the complete potential and commercial exploitation of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems. The diverse and critical perspectives within this reprint provide sufficient information on the development, characterization, and evaluation of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574905 , 9783036574912
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The present text is an edited Special Issue in reprint form. This Special Issue took the opportunity to invite researchers to contribute their latest original research findings, which were either advances in the state-of-the-art of mathematical methods, theoretical studies, or experimental studies that extend the bounds of existing methodologies to new contributions, addressing current challenges and engineering problems on “Recent Advances in Mathematical Aspect in Engineering”. Although this reprint is not a formal textbook, it will definitely be useful for university teachers, research students and industrial researchers, and will assist in overcoming difficulties while dealing with the nonlinear governing equations of fluid mechanics, energy, heat transfer, steady and unsteady flow problems, nanofluids, thermodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, peristaltic and blood flow. For nonlinear and coupled differential equations, it is often more difficult to achieve an analytic solution or even a numerical one. This reprint has successfully handled this challenging task with the techniques reported within. In addition, the findings of the simulations are logically realistic and meet the standard of sufficient scientific value
    Note: English
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  • 88
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577531 , 9783036577524
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: Major concerns regarding health and the environment are at the heart of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's Sustainable Development Goals. Now more than ever, humanity is called upon to take action to protect the environment and public health. The environment in which we live is the most vital factor for our health and well-being. Human activities have significant impacts on the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and even outer space. Biological, chemical, and physical risk factors are part of our everyday lives, and scientific research continuously faces challenges to understand and mitigate these interactions to make life on Earth more sustainable. The sustainability of human societies and the biodiversity that supports them requires the responsible supervision of natural resources, including the development of technologies and regulations
    Note: English
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  • 89
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575421 , 9783036575438
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Conservation of buildings & building materials
    Abstract: The thirty-plus years of progress in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) have had a huge impact on our everyday lives. Be it for the monitoring of fixed- and rotary-wing aircrafts, for the preservation of the cultural and architectural heritage, or for the predictive maintenance of long-span bridges or wind farms, SHM has shaped the framework of many engineering fields. Given the current state of quantitative and principled methodologies, it is nowadays possible to rapidly and consistently evaluate the structural safety of industrial machines, modern concrete buildings, historical masonry complexes, etc., to test their capability and to serve their intended purpose. However, old unsolved problems as well as new challenges exist. Furthermore, unprecedented conditions, such as stricter safety requirements and ageing civil infrastructure, pose new challenges. Therefore, the second volume of this Special Issue series gathers the main contributions of academics and practitioners in civil, aerospace, and mechanical engineering to provide a common ground for structural health monitoring in dealing with old and new aspects of this ever-growing research field
    Note: English
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  • 90
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576992 , 9783036576985
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (270 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Abstract: The human body poses various biological barriers to protect itself from pathogens, foreign materials and is important for its functioning and development. This reprint serves as a collection of research and review articles describing novel approaches and new therapeutic modalities to overcome biological barriers. This collection is a must read for scientists working in the field of drug and vaccine delivery
    Note: English
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  • 91
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575865 , 9783036575872
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering
    Abstract: In this reprint, the underlying damage mechanisms of materials used under extreme conditions are explored using computer simulation and modelling methods, presenting important information to predict the lifetime of related facilities. The scope of this reprint embraces numerical work on material responses to extreme conditions, such as high-speed impact or loading, neutron or ion irradiation, and high-pressure and/or high-temperature environments. Related simulation results based on the first principle method, molecular dynamics, and finite element methods are reported. Results of various topics have been reported by papers collected in this book, for example, including fitting a better empirical potential, diffusion of atoms on surface, corrosion, interaction between different defects, elastic constants calculations, effect of hot press forming on collision toughness and energy distribution, and influence of radiation defects on the thermo-mechanical properties of UO2. Furthermore, a review about the experiments and models for the effect of strain rate on NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) has also been included in this reprint. These new results present new knowledge for understanding the damage mechanisms of materials under extreme conditions, which would be useful not only for researchers in these fields but also for new readers to learn about basic concepts and current research progress to better understand the response of materials under extreme conditions
    Note: English
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  • 92
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561691 , 9783036561707
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This book showcases the advanced and emergent research in the field of biosaline agriculture from salinity mapping and plant breeding for a salinity-resistance purpose to the value-chain development of salt-tolerant crops
    Note: English
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  • 93
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573199 , 9783036573182
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: "Polymer Biodegradation and Polymeric Biomass Valorization" is devoted to the current trends in research on the biodegradation of waste polymer materials, both of natural (cellulose and chitin) and artificial origins. New methods of management and valorization in accordance with the hierarchy of the waste pyramid by means of new methods and technologies, as well as the development of new bioremediation techniques, are also of interest to this reprint. In addition, recycling, recovery, and ways to produce and research new environmentally friendly polymeric materials are at the center of interest
    Note: English
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  • 94
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562674 , 9783036562681
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that starts in utero. It is caused by a defective protein called the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and while the effects are seen throughout the body, changes in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and liver primarily impact nutritional status. Survival and pulmonary function have been linked to nutritional status. Malnutrition and growth failure were historically the hallmark of disease. Patients with pancreatic insufficiency require pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy and fat-soluble vitamin supplements. With improvements in many areas including newborn screening, nutrition supplements, pancreatic enzymes, CFTR modulator drugs, inhaled antibiotics and mucolytics, life expectancy has increased. In this issue, we will review the latest information in children and adults regarding important factors that play a role in optimizing nutrition status, including body composition, the gut microbiome, food security, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, growth and bone health, and micronutrient abnormalities. Pediatric and adult providers both need to be aware of the nuances of care as more patients with CF become adults. Optimizing nutritional status, anticipating and preventing the complications of CF will result in best management practice
    Note: English
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  • 95
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576879 , 9783036576862
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: It is currently apparent that extracellular ATP's physiological effect is mediated by its interaction with specific purinergic receptors. All purinergic receptors are divided into P1-purinoreceptors and P2-purinoreceptors. Each of the subtypes is divided into a number of families. For instance, P2 receptors are divided into P2X and P2Y receptors according to the mechanism by which their effect is realized: P2Y are G-protein-coupled receptors, while P2X receptors are ligand-operated ion channels. P2X receptors are important molecular therapeutic targets, the malfunctioning of which leads to severe complications in the physiology of humans and animals and causes dangerous diseases. The search for compounds that can modulate the function of purinergic receptors can lead to the creation of new drugs that are effective in central and peripheral nervous system and immune system disease treatment, including neuroinflammation, hypoxia/ischemia, epilepsy and neuropathic pain. In this Special Issue, we wish to offer a platform for high-quality publications on the latest advances in the identification of P2X/Y- and P1-receptor blockers, functions and regulation by them; the characterization of these receptor signaling networks and crosstalk; mechanisms underlying the role of purinoceptors in neurodegenerative illnesses as well as chronic neuronal changes following acute noxious damage and therapeutic opportunities associated with regulation of purinergic receptor activity
    Note: English
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  • 96
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568997 , 9783036568980
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (476 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics ; Astronomy, space & time
    Abstract: This reprint contains a series of articles and reviews that illustrate the state-of-the-art knowledge about Gamma Ray Bursts and provide deep insights on the challenges that will be faced in GRB physics in the next decade
    Note: English
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9783036576930 , 9783036576923
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (512 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: We are delighted to share our Special Issue on Talent Identification and Development in Youth Sports. In 2020, the editorial team had several informal discussions about the growing interest from researchers and practitioners in these disciplines, and subsequently wanted to create a platform to help advance this field of literature. Following these conversations, we decided to use the Personal Assets Framework (Côté et al., 2014, 2016) to outline our objectives and the potential research topics for our Special Issue. In doing so, it was hoped that the studies included can inform evidence-based youth sport policies and athlete development programmes. Submissions were encouraged from a diverse range of quantitative and qualitative research methods to examine the current context of talent identification and development in youth sports, as well as reviews to synthesise expert knowledge within these disciplines. In light of the articles that have been included within our Special Issue, we believe our initial aims of progressing the talent identification and development literature have been achieved, and now hope that the research presented can be utilised by key stakeholders (e.g., administrators, coaches, parents, practitioners) and organisational structures (e.g., national governing bodies, professional clubs, recreational teams, youth sport associations) to create more appropriate youth sport settings
    Note: English
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575131 , 9783036575124
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Keywords: The arts ; Painting & paintings
    Abstract: The rapid emergence of COVID-19 presented unprecedented challenges to the education sector. COVID-19 caused the full or partial closing of schools and universities, as well as the cancellation of face-to-face activities in most parts of the world. To conduct business as usual, many higher education providers have taken steps towards digital transformation, moving to online or hybrid learning and teaching delivery approaches. This reprint provides timely research on the impact of COVID-19 on education systems, including the lessons learned. It seeks to unite scholars, educators, policymakers and practitioners to collectively and critically identify, investigate and share the best practices that may lead to rethinking and reframing the way we deliver education in the future
    Note: English
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    ISBN: 9783036568300 , 9783036568317
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Fruit- and vegetable-based products (F&Vs) have been conventionally processed using thermal techniques such as pasteurization, scalding, and/and drying, ensuring microbial safety and/or enzyme deactivation. Although thermal treatments are the most cost-effective tools, they could also reduce bioactive compounds, nutrients, and even sensory attributes. Nowadays, non-thermal food-processing technologies such as UV light and high-pressure processing have been proposed to develop food products with extended shelf life and preserved/encouraged bioactive compounds, while preserving the sensory properties. This reprint addresses the existing knowledge gaps of novel thermal and non-thermal techniques in the production of F&Vs and their derivatives. This reprint focuses on the effect of thermal and non-thermal treatments (light stresses, high hydrostatic pressure, pulse electric fields, oscillating magnetic fields, cold plasma, ultrasound, drying, etc.) on shelf-life, key bioactive compound changes (antioxidants, nutraceuticals, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids), enzymatic antioxidant systems, and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems of fruit- and vegetable-based products. Apart from an editorial written by the guest editors, the Special Issue consists of 13 papers that cover a range of subjects: thermal and non-thermal treatments on whole fruits (n = 4); thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit and vegetable byproducts (n = 3); and, thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit-based beverages and purées (n = 6)
    Note: English
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  • 100
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576893 , 9783036576886
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Keywords: Medical equipment & techniques
    Abstract: The field of healthcare is constantly evolving and advancing with new technologies and innovations. Among these, assistive technologies, robotics, and automated machines are rapidly gaining ground as powerful tools to improve the quality of care and enhance patient outcomes. From wearable devices that monitor vital signs to surgical robots that assist in complex procedures, these technologies have the potential to revolutionize the way we deliver healthcare. The development and the integration of assistive technologies, care robots, and automated machines are strategic both as single components, when paired together, and when interconnected in the health domain.This reprint explores the latest developments in assistive technologies, robotics, and automated machines in the health domain, providing a comprehensive overview of their applications and potential impact. The reprint is for the benefit of healthcare professionals, researchers, engineers, and students interested in these rapidly evolving fields
    Note: English
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