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  • English  (27)
  • 1980-1984  (13)
  • 1955-1959  (14)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands  (27)
  • International law.  (27)
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  • English  (27)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401770484
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 1207 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Political science.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401511810
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 243 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Developments in International Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: I: The Evolution of the Doctrine of State Immunity -- 1 — Historical Background -- 2 — Emergence of a Specific Rule of State Immunity -- 3 — The Transition to Restricted Immunity in Major Absolute Immunity Jurisdictions -- 4 — Proposed Criteria for the Distinction between Public Acts and Private Acts of the Foreign State -- II: The Doctrine of State Immunity: A Critical View -- 1 — Some Theoretical Considerations -- 2 — Inferences Regarding State Immunity -- 3 — Common Ground between “Absolutists” and “Restrictionists” -- 4 — Immunity from Execution -- III: The Seven Recent Instruments: Common Features and Distinctive Provisions -- 1 — Immunity From Suit -- 2 — Immunity From Execution -- 3 — The Current State of the Law -- 4 — The Work of Learned Bodies -- Conclusions -- Notes -- Appendices -- Subject and Name Index -- Cases Cited.
    Abstract: Ours is a world in which the volume of the external trade of the vast majority of nations has greatly expanded and continues to be on the rise. Transnational intercourse of all kinds is now a feature of an interdependent world economy in which no nation can afford to stand aloof from a market-place which has assumed global dimensions. It is also a world where many nations, and not only of the Socialist bloc, conduct some of their transnational business themselves, or else they entrust it to state-owned cor­ porations and to agencies of the state. In these circumstances it becomes of prime importance to know whether a foreign state or an agency or instrumentality thereof can be sued before the local courts and, if so, whether the final judgement obtained can be enforced against the funds or property of the judgement debtor. The question of the immunity of states from suit and from execution is thus one of direct practical relevance not only to the legal profession but also to governments and the business and banking communities all over the world. The economic effects of a particular legal stand on state immunity are obvious. The position of national courts on state immunity can either attract more business or discourage further dealings with foreign states or their agencies. It can thus affect the balance of payments and, in general, the role the country plays in the world market.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: The Evolution of the Doctrine of State Immunity1 - Historical Background -- 2 - Emergence of a Specific Rule of State Immunity -- 3 - The Transition to Restricted Immunity in Major Absolute Immunity Jurisdictions -- 4 - Proposed Criteria for the Distinction between Public Acts and Private Acts of the Foreign State -- II: The Doctrine of State Immunity: A Critical View -- 1 - Some Theoretical Considerations -- 2 - Inferences Regarding State Immunity -- 3 - Common Ground between “Absolutists” and “Restrictionists” -- 4 - Immunity from Execution -- III: The Seven Recent Instruments: Common Features and Distinctive Provisions -- 1 - Immunity From Suit -- 2 - Immunity From Execution -- 3 - The Current State of the Law -- 4 - The Work of Learned Bodies -- Conclusions -- Notes -- Appendices -- Subject and Name Index -- Cases Cited.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401721301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 168 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Finance ; Economic policy. ; Political science. ; International law. ; Finance, Public.
    Abstract: by Peter Coffey This is indeed a most opportune time for the publication of a serious, critical and independent study about the "Main Economic Policy Areas of the EEC". The European Economic Community is the world's most import­ ant commercial and trading bloc and its economic policies consequently have the most far-reaching implications for all countries in the world. The rest of the world is acutely conscious of the Community's trading policies. In turn, these policies (apart from those based on historical links - ante­ cedent to the EEC's formation) are strongly influenced by the internal economic policies of the Common Market - especially by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). At the present time, the Community finds itself, both in­ ternally and externally, at a crossroads. This crossroads takes the form of a choice between 'protectionism' or 'open­ ness'. Unfortunately, present evidence suggests that currently and in the immediately foreseeable future the former option has been chosen by the EEC.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401744126
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 495 p) , online resource
    Edition: Third Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
    Abstract: The Community legal order -- Judicial review -- Other tasks of the Court of Justice -- Other Courts applying Community law -- Structure and Operation of the Court of Justice.
    Abstract: I. Purpose of the book § 1. The Court of Justice plays a significant role in the development of the European Communities, to some extent comparable with the role of the Supreme Court in the early years of the United States of America. Both are constitutional courts charged with the preservation and the development of the law in a new society. The powers of both are in fact limited by the 1 existing political situation. Each court plays a vital role in the protection of the individual against a vast and increasingly influential administration. In the present book the attempt is made to describe the nature of the ju­ dicial protection within the sphere of European Community law, that is available to individuals and undertakings as well as to the Member States. The study is heavily based on the case-law of the Court of Justice, which in principle is described rather than criticized, mainly for three reasons. (I) The author has great admiration for the Court of Justice and for the manner in which it operates. He considers that a detailed description of the Court's case-law portrays a fine legal system that is not susceptible to a great amount of fundamental criticism.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401511841
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 394 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law in Eastern Europe 25
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- 1. Constitutional Basis -- 2. Historical Background -- Notes -- II. Sources. Federal Citizenship and Republican Citizenship -- 1. Sources -- 2. Federal Citizenship and Republican Citizenship -- Notes -- III. Legislative Basis. Recognition. Marriage. Residence abroad. Extradition -- 1. Legislative Basis -- 2. Recognition -- 3. Citizenship and Marriage -- 4. Residence Abroad -- 5. Extradition -- Notes -- IV. Dual Nationality -- I. General Principles -- II. Conflicts-in-Law Portfolio -- Notes -- V. Dual Nationality and Soviet Diplomatic and Treaty Practice -- Notes -- VI. Statelessness as a Consequence of the Conflict of Nationality Laws (Part I) -- I. Conflicts-in-Law Varietals of Statelessness -- Notes -- VII. Statelessness as a Consequence of the Conflict of Nationality Laws (Part II) -- Statelessness as a Result of Marriage -- II. Legislative and Diplomatic Practice -- Notes -- VIII. Acquisition of Ussr Citizenship -- 1. Grounds for Acquiring USSR Citizenship -- 2. Acquisition of USSR Citizenship by Birth -- 3. Acquisition of USSR Citizenship by Children of Stateless Persons -- 4. Foundlings -- 5. Admission to the Citizenship of the USSR -- Notes -- IX. Loss and Restoration of Soviet Citizenship -- 1. Grounds for Losing USSR Citizenship -- 2. Exit from Soviet Citizenship -- 3. Deprivation of USSR Citizenship -- 4. Restoration of USSR Citizenship -- Notes -- X. Status of Minors -- 1. When Both Parents Change Citizenship -- 2. When One Parent Acquires USSR Citizenship -- 3. When One Parent Leaves USSR Citizenship -- 4. Adoption and Acquisition of USSR Citizenship -- 5. Adoption of Soviet Children by Foreign Citizens -- Notes -- XI. Procedural Format -- 1. Background -- 2. Current Legislation -- Notes -- XII. Emigration and Immigration -- A. The Chinese Case -- B. The Korean Question -- C. The Jewish Problem -- Notes -- XIII. The New Soviet Citizenship Law and Human Rights -- 1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights -- 2. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights -- 3. Convention on the Nationality of Married Women -- 4. Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness -- 5. Final Act of the Helsinki Conference -- Notes -- Selective Bibliography -- A. Books -- B. Articles.
    Abstract: In 1968, the predecessor of this volume was published as Number 15 of the Law in Eastern Europe series, under the title "Soviet Citizenship Law". The decision to put out a new version of that study was prompted by the enactment in 1978 of the CUTTent Law on the Citizenship of the USSR and the various changes in Soviet prac­ tice in this domain which occurred in the intervening decade. I have drawn on the earlier work for background material and in order to make comparisons between the previous record here and the substance ofthe latest statute. However, the pres­ ent monograph is not a second edition in the sense of being an expanded and updated revision of the original, but stands as an independent piece of research and analysis. Thus, three of the chapters (out of a total of six) featured in the 1968 vol­ urne - citizenship and state succession, state succession and option of nationality, and refugees and displaced persons - have now been omitted for the simple reason that the situation in these areas has remained virtually static during the past ten years so that the initial treatment requires no significant alteration. On the other hand, fresh problems have meantime arisen - such as, for instance, the connection between citizenship and emigration, and the relationship between citizenship status and the international protection of human rights - which called for attention and are dealt with in this book.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Introduction1. Constitutional Basis -- 2. Historical Background -- Notes -- II. Sources. Federal Citizenship and Republican Citizenship -- 1. Sources -- 2. Federal Citizenship and Republican Citizenship -- Notes -- III. Legislative Basis. Recognition. Marriage. Residence abroad. Extradition -- 1. Legislative Basis -- 2. Recognition -- 3. Citizenship and Marriage -- 4. Residence Abroad -- 5. Extradition -- Notes -- IV. Dual Nationality -- I. General Principles -- II. Conflicts-in-Law Portfolio -- Notes -- V. Dual Nationality and Soviet Diplomatic and Treaty Practice -- Notes -- VI. Statelessness as a Consequence of the Conflict of Nationality Laws (Part I) -- I. Conflicts-in-Law Varietals of Statelessness -- Notes -- VII. Statelessness as a Consequence of the Conflict of Nationality Laws (Part II) -- Statelessness as a Result of Marriage -- II. Legislative and Diplomatic Practice -- Notes -- VIII. Acquisition of Ussr Citizenship -- 1. Grounds for Acquiring USSR Citizenship -- 2. Acquisition of USSR Citizenship by Birth -- 3. Acquisition of USSR Citizenship by Children of Stateless Persons -- 4. Foundlings -- 5. Admission to the Citizenship of the USSR -- Notes -- IX. Loss and Restoration of Soviet Citizenship -- 1. Grounds for Losing USSR Citizenship -- 2. Exit from Soviet Citizenship -- 3. Deprivation of USSR Citizenship -- 4. Restoration of USSR Citizenship -- Notes -- X. Status of Minors -- 1. When Both Parents Change Citizenship -- 2. When One Parent Acquires USSR Citizenship -- 3. When One Parent Leaves USSR Citizenship -- 4. Adoption and Acquisition of USSR Citizenship -- 5. Adoption of Soviet Children by Foreign Citizens -- Notes -- XI. Procedural Format -- 1. Background -- 2. Current Legislation -- Notes -- XII. Emigration and Immigration -- A. The Chinese Case -- B. The Korean Question -- C. The Jewish Problem -- Notes -- XIII. The New Soviet Citizenship Law and Human Rights -- 1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights -- 2. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights -- 3. Convention on the Nationality of Married Women -- 4. Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness -- 5. Final Act of the Helsinki Conference -- Notes -- Selective Bibliography -- A. Books -- B. Articles.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789401768047
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 191 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Social legislation ; International law.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401192637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (587p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Commercial law.
    Abstract: I A Survey of the History of Drug-Use and Early Moves Towards International Control -- 1: Social and Cultural Aspects of Drug-Use and Historical Origins of the Use of Opium -- 2: International Action for the Control of Trade and Traffic in Drugs between 1909 and 1919 -- II International Action for the Control of Trade and Traffic in Drugs between 1920 and 1944 -- 3: The Organizational and Functional Framework as Devised by the League of Nations for the Purpose of Controlling the Manufacture of, and Trade and Traffic in, Drugs -- 4: An Examination of the Agreements and Conventions on Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs Concluded between 1920 and 1944 -- III The Structure and Methods of International Drug Control through the United Nations -- 5: The Organizational Framework of the United Nations in Relation to the Control of Drugs -- 6: An Examination of the Drug Protocols Concluded During the UN Period (Prior to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961) -- 7: An Examination of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 -- 8: Limitation on Cultivation -- 9: Limitation on the Production of Opium -- 10: Manufacture and Importation of Drugs: Limitation Thereof -- 11: Control of Illicit Trade and Traffic in Narcotic Drugs -- 12: An Examination of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971 -- IV Contributions of Some of the Inter-Governmental and International Non-Governmental Organizations Concerned with the Eradication of Illicit Trade and Traffic in Narcotic Drugs -- 13: The Organization and Functions of Interpol and the Ingos in the Control of the Drug-Trade -- Conclusions -- League of Nations Documents -- United Nations Documents -- World Health Organization Technical Report Series -- Miscellaneous Documents -- Table of Cases -- Appendices.
    Abstract: The need for suppressing the illicit traffic in drugs can hardly be over-emphasized. Yet, the licit uses of drugs, especially for medical and scientific needs, cannot be suppressed. Apparently, it is a ques­ tion of determining the vvorld requirements of drugs for such legiti­ mate uses, and of producing and manufacturing them accordingly. Owing to their multifarious medical uses in various parts of the world, it proves to be almost impossible to determine exactly the amount of drugs required for legitimate purposes. There is also the complicating factor that drugs are used for sociological and religious reasons, which have a long history. Not only arc the licit uses and legitimate amounts of drugs difficult to determine but also such difficulties give rise to illicit traffic in them. Yet, it is believed that a concerted international policy, coupled with national co-operation, on various facets of the related problems-namely, limitation of production and/or manufacture of drugs, restriction on cultivation of plants that may contribute to addiction-producing substances, training and rehabilitation of drug addicts, and efficient national administration-would help eradicate drug-abuse. In search of an appropriate remedy, this book has been devoted to a practical study of the problem and to exploring, in this area of international law, the relationship between the political and econ­ omic interests and the international economic order.
    Description / Table of Contents: I A Survey of the History of Drug-Use and Early Moves Towards International Control1: Social and Cultural Aspects of Drug-Use and Historical Origins of the Use of Opium -- 2: International Action for the Control of Trade and Traffic in Drugs between 1909 and 1919 -- II International Action for the Control of Trade and Traffic in Drugs between 1920 and 1944 -- 3: The Organizational and Functional Framework as Devised by the League of Nations for the Purpose of Controlling the Manufacture of, and Trade and Traffic in, Drugs -- 4: An Examination of the Agreements and Conventions on Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs Concluded between 1920 and 1944 -- III The Structure and Methods of International Drug Control through the United Nations -- 5: The Organizational Framework of the United Nations in Relation to the Control of Drugs -- 6: An Examination of the Drug Protocols Concluded During the UN Period (Prior to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961) -- 7: An Examination of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 -- 8: Limitation on Cultivation -- 9: Limitation on the Production of Opium -- 10: Manufacture and Importation of Drugs: Limitation Thereof -- 11: Control of Illicit Trade and Traffic in Narcotic Drugs -- 12: An Examination of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971 -- IV Contributions of Some of the Inter-Governmental and International Non-Governmental Organizations Concerned with the Eradication of Illicit Trade and Traffic in Narcotic Drugs -- 13: The Organization and Functions of Interpol and the Ingos in the Control of the Drug-Trade -- Conclusions -- League of Nations Documents -- United Nations Documents -- World Health Organization Technical Report Series -- Miscellaneous Documents -- Table of Cases -- Appendices.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401190190
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (822p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: One: The Court of Justice and the Community Legal Order -- 1. The Nature and Jurisdiction of the Court of Justice -- Two: Direct Judicial Control -- A. Review of Legality of Community Acts -- 2. Action for Annulment -- 3. Action for Default -- 4. Plea of an Exception of Illegality -- 5. Action for Damages -- B. Action for Infringement of Community Law -- 6. Infringement Procedure against a Defaulting Member State -- 7. Infringement Procedure against Defaulting Private Parties -- C. Constitutional Control -- 8. Preventive Judicial Control -- Three: Indirect Judicial Control: Community Law Before National Courts -- 9. General Problems of the EEC Treaty Article -- 10. Uniform Interpretation of Community Law -- 11. Review of Validity of Community Acts -- 12. EEC Treaty Article 177 in the Practice of National Courts -- 13. Provisions Directly Effective: Additional Judicial Protection of Individuals -- 14. Supremacy of Community Law -- 15. Supremacy of Community Law in the Practice of the National Courts of the Member States -- 1. Documents and Publications of the European Communities -- 2. General Works -- 3. Articles -- 4. Table of Cases Cited and Annotated -- A. Jurisprudence of the Court of Justice -- B. Case Law of National Courts -- 5. Legal Documentation.
    Abstract: The development of the judicial control of the European Communities is perhaps best illustrated by comparing the first decision the Court of Justice rendered in December 1954, under the ECSC Treaty, with its preliminary rulings van Gend & Loos (1962), ENEL (1964) and Simmenthal II (1978) rendered under the EEC Treaty. In the first case the Court quashed a decision of the High Authority impugned by an annulment action of a Member State for an illegal exercise of Community powers - a judicial control which at the time already represented a spectacular legal in­ novation introduced by the ECSC Treaty. At that time the Court was, for evident reasons, still reserved as to its role within the unprecedented institutional structure of the Community. In van Gend, ENEL and Simmenthal II, on the other hand, the Court resolutely pursued a judicial policy intended to ensure an effective operation of the Community legal order, a problem hardly envisaged in 1954. In these rulings the Court characterized the emerging legal order and stated its fundamental and indispensable requirements: the unlimited supremacy of Community law and its direct effect. The development of a superior and autonomous Community legal order was finally completed by the Court's recognition of fundamental Communiry rights of individuals. This development from an initially reserved stand of the Court searching for its proper role and its potentialities to a bold and determined judicial policy is truly remarkable.
    Description / Table of Contents: One: The Court of Justice and the Community Legal Order1. The Nature and Jurisdiction of the Court of Justice -- Two: Direct Judicial Control -- A. Review of Legality of Community Acts -- 2. Action for Annulment -- 3. Action for Default -- 4. Plea of an Exception of Illegality -- 5. Action for Damages -- B. Action for Infringement of Community Law -- 6. Infringement Procedure against a Defaulting Member State -- 7. Infringement Procedure against Defaulting Private Parties -- C. Constitutional Control -- 8. Preventive Judicial Control -- Three: Indirect Judicial Control: Community Law Before National Courts -- 9. General Problems of the EEC Treaty Article -- 10. Uniform Interpretation of Community Law -- 11. Review of Validity of Community Acts -- 12. EEC Treaty Article 177 in the Practice of National Courts -- 13. Provisions Directly Effective: Additional Judicial Protection of Individuals -- 14. Supremacy of Community Law -- 15. Supremacy of Community Law in the Practice of the National Courts of the Member States -- 1. Documents and Publications of the European Communities -- 2. General Works -- 3. Articles -- 4. Table of Cases Cited and Annotated -- A. Jurisprudence of the Court of Justice -- B. Case Law of National Courts -- 5. Legal Documentation.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401506496
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 445 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Security systems.
    Abstract: Table of Contents (Part Two) -- 1. Strategic Systems and War Games -- 1.1. U.S. Strategic Systems -- 1.2. The Game -- 1.3. Game Strategies -- 1.4. Systems Evaluation -- References -- 2. ABM Defense -- 2.1. Safeguard System -- 2.2. Radar Operations -- 2.3. Computer Operations -- 2.4. Interceptor Operations -- References -- 3. ABM System Design and Performance -- 3.1. System Requirements -- 3.2. The Radar Design Problem -- 3.3. Error Analysis -- 3.4. Smoothing of Position and Velocity Data -- 3.5. Noise Reduction -- 3.6. Error Model -- 3.7. Design Procedure -- References -- 4. ABM System Survivability Analysis -- 4.1. Survivability with respect to ECM -- 4.2. Survivability with respect to Nuclear Bomb Effects -- 4.3. Survivability with respect to Chemical, Biological Radiological Warfare, and Sabotage (CBR&S) -- 4.4. Summary -- References -- 5. Radar Counter-Counter-Measures -- 5.1. Effects of Jamming -- 5.2. ECCM Design -- 5.3. ECCM Techniques -- References -- 6. Bomber Defense -- 6.1. U.S. Bomber Defenses -- 6.2. Russian Bomber Defense -- 6.3. Multipurpose Weapons -- References -- 7. Surveillance and Reconnaisance -- 7.1. Advanced Surveillance -- 7.2. Treaty Verification -- References -- 8. Command Control and Communications -- 8.1. Warning -- 8.2. Command and Control -- 8.3. Communications -- References -- Appendices. Electromagnetic Propagation Effects -- A1. Attenuation of RF Waves by Absorption -- A2. Attenuation of RF Waves by Precipitation -- A3. Refraction of RF Waves by the Ionosphere.
    Abstract: The purpose of this book is to provide graduate students, professional engineers, military officers, and weapons-systems planners with a comprehensive grounding in the technology, evolution, functions, costs, impacts on society, utility, and limi­ tations of modern strategic weapons systems. Since the subject is often left to the specialists, this work should introduce the general reader to the fundamentals of such systems in an informed manner. Nowadays the intense interaction of means and ends sym­ bolized by strategic weapons has stimulated a changing dis­ cipline in which new missile systems and the intricate logic of nuclear force and counterforce hold the stage alongside the truths of conflict, alliances, fears, games, and subtle gains and losses. Many readers with new personal interest or public responsibility in this complex field will require an overall guide to it. This book will not prepare the reader to become an expert in the vast subject of strategic weapons systems. It will, however, enable him to understand, evaluate, and form reasonable opinions about these systems, their capabilities and effective­ ness. The subject is dealt with more from the viewpoint of the user (investor) rather than the architect (systems engineer) and builder (design engineer). While the user will be concerned with both political as well as technical options which may be available to solve a problem, the systems and design engineers are concerned with analyzing and building technological weapons devices once their requirements are generally known.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401511926
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Annuaire Europeen / European Yearbook
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: Table des Matieres -- Articles -- A Year of Achievement -- Pouvoirs Limites Mais Influence Reelle D’un Organe Consultatif: L’assemblee Parlementaire du Conseil de L’europe -- “And Now We are One”: The First Year of the European Parliament -- La Fondation Europeenne de la Science -- Section Documentaire -- Tableau des Membres des Organisations Europeennes, 1979 -- Chapitre I — Commission Centrale Pour La Navigation Du Rhin -- Chapitre II — Union Economique Benelux -- Chapitre III — Union de L’europe Occidentale -- Chapitre IV — Organisation de Cooperation et de Developpement Economiques -- Chapitre V — Conseil de L’europe -- Chapitre VI — Commission Internationale de L’etat Civil -- Chapitre VII — Les Communautes Europeennes -- Chapitre VIII — Conseil Nordique et Conseil Ministeriel Nordique -- Chapitre IX — Conference Europeenne des Ministres des Transports -- Chapitre X — Organisation Europeenne Pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN) -- Chapitre XI — Commission Europeenne de L’aviation Civile -- Chapitre XII — Conference Europeenne des Administrations des Postes et des Telecommunications -- Chapitre XIII — Association Europeenne de Libre-Echange -- Chapitre XIV — Agence Spatiale Europeenne -- Chapitre XV — Organisation Europeenne Pour la Securite de la Navigation Aerienne (Eurocontrol) -- Articles -- A Year of Achievement -- Pouvoirs Limites Mais Influence Reelle D’un Organe Consultatif: L’assemblee Parlementaire du Conseil de L’europe -- “And Now We are One”: The First Year of the European Parliament -- La Fondation Europeenne de la Science -- Documentary Section -- Table of Members of European Organisations, 1979 -- I — Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine -- II — Benelux Economic Union (in French only) -- III — Western European Union -- IV — Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development -- V — Council of Europe -- VI — International Commission on Civil Status -- VII — European Communities -- VIII — Nordic Council and Nordic Council of Ministers -- IX — European Conference of ministers of Transport -- X — European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) -- XI — European Civil Aviation Conference -- XII — European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations -- XIII — European Free Trade Association -- XIV — European Space Agency -- XV — European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (Eurocontrol) -- Section Bibliographique / Bibliographical Section -- I. Livres sur la Cooperation Europeenne / I. Books on European Co-Operation -- II. Bibliographie Selective des Articles de Periodiques et des Brochures 1979 / II. Selected Bibliography of Periodical and Pamphlet Material 1979 -- A. Cooperation Europeenne en General / A. European Co-Operation in General -- B. Cooperation Economique / B. Economic Co-Operation -- C. Conseil de L’europe / C. Council of Europe -- D. Communautes Europeennes / D. European Communities -- E. Questions de Defense / E. Defence Questions -- Table des Noms / Listofnames -- Index Alphabetique / Alphabetical Index -- General Index.
    Description / Table of Contents: Table des MatieresArticles -- A Year of Achievement -- Pouvoirs Limites Mais Influence Reelle D’un Organe Consultatif: L’assemblee Parlementaire du Conseil de L’europe -- “And Now We are One”: The First Year of the European Parliament -- La Fondation Europeenne de la Science -- Section Documentaire -- Tableau des Membres des Organisations Europeennes, 1979 -- Chapitre I - Commission Centrale Pour La Navigation Du Rhin -- Chapitre II - Union Economique Benelux -- Chapitre III - Union de L’europe Occidentale -- Chapitre IV - Organisation de Cooperation et de Developpement Economiques -- Chapitre V - Conseil de L’europe -- Chapitre VI - Commission Internationale de L’etat Civil -- Chapitre VII - Les Communautes Europeennes -- Chapitre VIII - Conseil Nordique et Conseil Ministeriel Nordique -- Chapitre IX - Conference Europeenne des Ministres des Transports -- Chapitre X - Organisation Europeenne Pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN) -- Chapitre XI - Commission Europeenne de L’aviation Civile -- Chapitre XII - Conference Europeenne des Administrations des Postes et des Telecommunications -- Chapitre XIII - Association Europeenne de Libre-Echange -- Chapitre XIV - Agence Spatiale Europeenne -- Chapitre XV - Organisation Europeenne Pour la Securite de la Navigation Aerienne (Eurocontrol) -- Articles -- A Year of Achievement -- Pouvoirs Limites Mais Influence Reelle D’un Organe Consultatif: L’assemblee Parlementaire du Conseil de L’europe -- “And Now We are One”: The First Year of the European Parliament -- La Fondation Europeenne de la Science -- Documentary Section -- Table of Members of European Organisations, 1979 -- I - Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine -- II - Benelux Economic Union (in French only) -- III - Western European Union -- IV - Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development -- V - Council of Europe -- VI - International Commission on Civil Status -- VII - European Communities -- VIII - Nordic Council and Nordic Council of Ministers -- IX - European Conference of ministers of Transport -- X - European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) -- XI - European Civil Aviation Conference -- XII - European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations -- XIII - European Free Trade Association -- XIV - European Space Agency -- XV - European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (Eurocontrol) -- Section Bibliographique / Bibliographical Section -- I. Livres sur la Cooperation Europeenne / I. Books on European Co-Operation -- II. Bibliographie Selective des Articles de Periodiques et des Brochures 1979 / II. Selected Bibliography of Periodical and Pamphlet Material 1979 -- A. Cooperation Europeenne en General / A. European Co-Operation in General -- B. Cooperation Economique / B. Economic Co-Operation -- C. Conseil de L’europe / C. Council of Europe -- D. Communautes Europeennes / D. European Communities -- E. Questions de Defense / E. Defence Questions -- Table des Noms / Listofnames -- Index Alphabetique / Alphabetical Index -- General Index.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401193900
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Civil law.
    Abstract: I. The nature and function of Private International Law -- Section 1. Introduction -- Section 2. Rome and beyond -- Section 3. The period after the division of the Roman Empire—personality of laws -- Section 4. Feudalism and the revival of Roman Law -- Section 5. Feudalism -- Section 6. Italy—the Legists -- Section 7. The doctrine of the Statutists -- Section 8. The French school in the 16th Century—Dumoulin and D’Argentré -- Section 9. The Dutch school—Comity -- Section 10. The subsequent development of the doctrine of Huber—England -- Section 11. The United States -- Section 12. Modern Private International Law—Wächter, Savigny -- Section 13. Modern doctrines of territoriality or pseudo-territoriality—acquired rights -- Section 14. Sociological neo-statutists -- Section 15. Wächter redivivus—Ehrenzweig -- Section 16. Conflict of laws and the American Constitution -- Section 17. Governmental interests as conflict resolving factors—Currie—Neo-statutists -- Section 18. “Result selecting” principles—Cavers -- Section 19. The international use of the new doctrines -- Section 20. Conclusions -- Notes to part I -- II. The relationship between Public and Private International Law -- Section 21. The influence of Public International Law upon domestic Private International Law -- Section 22. Private International Law as part of Public International Law—choice of law before international tribunals -- Section 23. Recognition and the application of foreign law -- Section 24. Scrutiny of, and refusal to apply, the law and to respect the executive acts of a foreign recognized government -- Section 25. Conclusions -- Notes to part II -- III. The structure and interpretation of rules of Private International Law -- Section 26. Structure -- Section 27. Interpretation. -- Section 28. Spatially conditioned internal rules -- Section 29. Transposition, substitution and adaptation -- Section 30. Renvoi -- Section 31. Preliminary question -- Section 32. Conflict of laws in time -- Notes to part III -- IV. Conclusions -- Table of cases.
    Abstract: The present volume reproduces with slight changes the course of lectures given at The Hague in 1972 under the title of "The General Principles of Private International Law". The substance of these lec­ tures has remained unaltered, but a number of insertions serve to cor­ rected some formal mistakes and misprints, added references to literature, some older, some more recent, without attempting to be exhaustive, and modified and supplemented the former exposition in two respects, where subsequent criticisms called for a review. The first concerns the place of public policy in Public International Law, the second deals with spatially-.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. The nature and function of Private International LawSection 1. Introduction -- Section 2. Rome and beyond -- Section 3. The period after the division of the Roman Empire-personality of laws -- Section 4. Feudalism and the revival of Roman Law -- Section 5. Feudalism -- Section 6. Italy-the Legists -- Section 7. The doctrine of the Statutists -- Section 8. The French school in the 16th Century-Dumoulin and D’Argentré -- Section 9. The Dutch school-Comity -- Section 10. The subsequent development of the doctrine of Huber-England -- Section 11. The United States -- Section 12. Modern Private International Law-Wächter, Savigny -- Section 13. Modern doctrines of territoriality or pseudo-territoriality-acquired rights -- Section 14. Sociological neo-statutists -- Section 15. Wächter redivivus-Ehrenzweig -- Section 16. Conflict of laws and the American Constitution -- Section 17. Governmental interests as conflict resolving factors-Currie-Neo-statutists -- Section 18. “Result selecting” principles-Cavers -- Section 19. The international use of the new doctrines -- Section 20. Conclusions -- Notes to part I -- II. The relationship between Public and Private International Law -- Section 21. The influence of Public International Law upon domestic Private International Law -- Section 22. Private International Law as part of Public International Law-choice of law before international tribunals -- Section 23. Recognition and the application of foreign law -- Section 24. Scrutiny of, and refusal to apply, the law and to respect the executive acts of a foreign recognized government -- Section 25. Conclusions -- Notes to part II -- III. The structure and interpretation of rules of Private International Law -- Section 26. Structure -- Section 27. Interpretation. -- Section 28. Spatially conditioned internal rules -- Section 29. Transposition, substitution and adaptation -- Section 30. Renvoi -- Section 31. Preliminary question -- Section 32. Conflict of laws in time -- Notes to part III -- IV. Conclusions -- Table of cases.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789400982611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (586p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Environmental law ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Private international law.
    Abstract: 1. International maritime organizations -- Baltic and International Maritime Conference -- Danube Commission -- Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization -- International Association of Independent Tanker Owners -- International Association of Lighthouse Authorities -- International Association of Ports and Harbours -- International Chamber of Shipping -- International Federation of Shipmasters’ Associations -- International Maritime Committee -- International Maritime Pilots Association -- International Maritime Satellite Organization -- International Shipowners’ Association -- International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation, Ltd -- International Union of Marine Insurance -- Latin America Shipowners’ Association -- Oil Companies International Marine Forum -- Permanent International Association on Navigation Congresses -- 2. International fisheries organizations -- General Fisheries Council for the Mediterranean -- Indo-Pacific Fisheries Council -- International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission -- International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas -- International Commission for the Southeast Atlantic Fisheries -- International Whaling Commission -- Joint Commission on the Fisheries in the Black Sea -- Joint Commission of the Socialist Countries on Cooperation in the Field of Fisheries -- Joint Danube Fishery Commission -- North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission -- North Pacific Fur Seal Commission -- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization -- 3. International organizations concerned with marine sciences -- Engineering Committee on Oceanic Resources -- European Oceanic Association -- Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission -- International Association for Biological Oceanography -- International Association of the Physical Sciences of the Ocean -- International Cartographic Association -- International Commission for Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean -- International Council for the Exploration of the Sea -- International Hydrographic Organization -- International Ocean Institute -- International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics -- International Union of Geological Sciences -- North Sea Hydrographic Commission -- Pacific Science Association -- Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research -- Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research -- World Data Centers (Oceanography) -- World Meteorological Organization -- World Underwater Federation -- List of abbreviations.
    Abstract: In the last few years, the quantity of books and papers on the political, economic and legal problems of the exploration and use of the sea and marine resources has considerably increased. But the status and activities of intern a­ tional organizations related to maritime shipping, fisheries, scientific research in the World Ocean and the protection of the marine environment have not yet, as a whole, been represented in the scientific and reference literature. It would be fair, though, to mention that some general information on marine international organizations may be found in the Yearbook of International Organizations, Brussels, 1979; in Annotated Acronyms and Abbreviations of Marine Science Related International Organizations, U. S. Department of Commerce, 1976; and in the UN Annotated Directory ofIntergovernmental Organizations Concerned with Ocean Affairs, 1976. Voluminous informa­ tion on organizations engaged in problems of the exploration and use ofthe sea is given in International Marine Organizations by the well-known Polish scientists Lopuski and Symonides, 1978. Meanwhile the increasing volume of practical work related to the participa­ tion of governmental and scientific bodies as well as individual scientists and specialists in these organizations, the necessity of long-term planning in this field, and the perspectives of the development of these organizations, make necessary a special publication depicting the structure and many-sided activi­ ties of such international bodies. This book is the first one in which the most complete information on the main marine international organizations is presented.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. International maritime organizationsBaltic and International Maritime Conference -- Danube Commission -- Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization -- International Association of Independent Tanker Owners -- International Association of Lighthouse Authorities -- International Association of Ports and Harbours -- International Chamber of Shipping -- International Federation of Shipmasters’ Associations -- International Maritime Committee -- International Maritime Pilots Association -- International Maritime Satellite Organization -- International Shipowners’ Association -- International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation, Ltd -- International Union of Marine Insurance -- Latin America Shipowners’ Association -- Oil Companies International Marine Forum -- Permanent International Association on Navigation Congresses -- 2. International fisheries organizations -- General Fisheries Council for the Mediterranean -- Indo-Pacific Fisheries Council -- International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission -- International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas -- International Commission for the Southeast Atlantic Fisheries -- International Whaling Commission -- Joint Commission on the Fisheries in the Black Sea -- Joint Commission of the Socialist Countries on Cooperation in the Field of Fisheries -- Joint Danube Fishery Commission -- North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission -- North Pacific Fur Seal Commission -- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization -- 3. International organizations concerned with marine sciences -- Engineering Committee on Oceanic Resources -- European Oceanic Association -- Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission -- International Association for Biological Oceanography -- International Association of the Physical Sciences of the Ocean -- International Cartographic Association -- International Commission for Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean -- International Council for the Exploration of the Sea -- International Hydrographic Organization -- International Ocean Institute -- International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics -- International Union of Geological Sciences -- North Sea Hydrographic Commission -- Pacific Science Association -- Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research -- Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research -- World Data Centers (Oceanography) -- World Meteorological Organization -- World Underwater Federation -- List of abbreviations.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401758789
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXVII, 307 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Koninklijk Instituut Voor Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Demography ; International law. ; Population.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401195669
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1. A Statement of the Problem -- 2. Opinions of Writers -- 3. The Declaration of London -- 4. Some Related Problems -- I. General Treaties -- I. Nonpolitical Conventions -- II. Treaties of a Constitutional Character -- III. Multipartite Peace Settlements -- II. Specific Territorial Regimes -- IV. The Regimes of International Rivers: The Rhine and the Danube -- V. The Regime of the Turkish Straits -- VI. International Regimes in Colonial Africa -- VII. Treaty Regimes Reinforced by Custom -- VIII. Conclusions -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: In international law the authority of the writers has been great and the Statute of the International Court of Justice still takes cognizance of them as subsidiary sources. Yet it has been widely recognized that on many points writers, even of the most respecta­ ble authority, have merely repeated the statements of their predecessors, sometimes with the result that error or some indivi­ dual dogma or predilection has been perpetuated. The three-mile limit of territorial waters, for example, was long identified with the range of cannon and with the famous dictum of Galiani until modern historical research revealed more accurately its historical origin in the practice of states. The very definition of internation­ al law as a law of which only states were subjects impelled to somewhat far-fetched inclusions of certain political entities as "states," and has had at last to yield at least to the concept that an international organization may also be a subject of inter­ national law. The long repetition of the essential attributes ot states - sovereignty, independence, equality - has not altered the realities of the very great differences between states in respect of each of these attributes. As Cardozo said of definitions, if our preconceived notions of international law do not accord with the facts of international life, so much the worse for those old no­ tions; they must be revised to be brought into line with reality.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. A Statement of the Problem2. Opinions of Writers -- 3. The Declaration of London -- 4. Some Related Problems -- I. General Treaties -- I. Nonpolitical Conventions -- II. Treaties of a Constitutional Character -- III. Multipartite Peace Settlements -- II. Specific Territorial Regimes -- IV. The Regimes of International Rivers: The Rhine and the Danube -- V. The Regime of the Turkish Straits -- VI. International Regimes in Colonial Africa -- VII. Treaty Regimes Reinforced by Custom -- VIII. Conclusions -- Selected Bibliography.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789401771733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 275 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789401770446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 275 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law. ; Political science.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401767804
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 89 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Political science.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401760447
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 180 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Law of the sea. ; International law.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789401759045
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 259 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401195706
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Constitutional law. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: A. Legal Advice -- I. The Opinion Function -- II. Requests -- III. Formulation -- IV. Legal Force -- V. Practical Effect -- VI. Politics -- B. Opinions on the Law of Nations -- VII. Relation to Municipal Law -- VIII. International Status -- IX. Territory and Nationality -- X. Jurisdiction -- XI. Diplomatic and Consular Relations -- XII. International Agreements -- XIII. International Reclamation -- XIV. Neutrality -- XV. War -- Conclusions -- List of Attorneys General -- Selected Bibliography.
    Abstract: The scope of this study is not as broad as its title might indicate. The Attorney General of the United States performs several functions that affect in one way or another the relations of the United States with foreign nations. But this study focuses mainly on only one of these, namely, the duty of the Attorney General to provide legal opinions to various officers of the federal government. The reasons for undertaking a study of those opinions of the Attorney General especially relating to international law and practice are set forth in the Introduction, and will not be com­ mented upon here. In like manner, the problems of method, sources and coverage encountered in the course of inquiry are discussed at appropriate points in the text. Much of the material used herein is based on the research done in connection with my doctoral dissertation, accepted by Duke University in 1951. I am indebted to the Duke University Council on Graduate Instruction and to the Tulane University Council on Research for substantial material aid which made possible both further research in connection with this study and its appearance in monograph form .
    Description / Table of Contents: A. Legal AdviceI. The Opinion Function -- II. Requests -- III. Formulation -- IV. Legal Force -- V. Practical Effect -- VI. Politics -- B. Opinions on the Law of Nations -- VII. Relation to Municipal Law -- VIII. International Status -- IX. Territory and Nationality -- X. Jurisdiction -- XI. Diplomatic and Consular Relations -- XII. International Agreements -- XIII. International Reclamation -- XIV. Neutrality -- XV. War -- Conclusions -- List of Attorneys General -- Selected Bibliography.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401747783
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 210 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Scholars Forum, A Series of Books by American Scholars
    Series Statement: International Scholars Forum
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; History ; Political science. ; International law.
    Abstract: The scope of this study is narrow-the activities of a single ambas­ sador for little more than two years. The problem it treats is wide and universal-the origins of a great war. There can be no adequate history of the relations between states whieh does not take into account the knowledge, judgment and deci­ sions of individual statesmen. Diplomatie history, though only a part, is a necessary part of the history of international relations. Within a more or less c10sely circumscribed range of possibilities, men in power choose between alternative policies, with results they may or may not have anticipated. The historian therefore can and should describe the past, present and future, as it were, of the historical persons whom he studies: the past whieh provides them with oppor­ tunities and limitations, both objective and subjective; the present in whieh they act; the future in whieh the consequences of their actions appear, for the most part beyond their control. This is a study of the part played by a great diplomat-the perfect ambassador, his own age called hirn-in the formation of policy. My task has been a dual one. First, I have observed Arnauld de Pomponne at work. Second, I have attempted to evaluate the French plans for war against the Dutch republic, with particular attention to Pom­ ponne's contribution to them.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401771252
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Constitutional law ; International law.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401189156
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 197 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Administrative law ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: was discussed by the Institut de Droit International at Siena 1 and recently, in 1954, it was the principal item of the meeting of the Netherlands Branch of the International Law Association 2. This study aims at contributing to the not too extensive literature on the subject. 11. BACKGROUND One cannot consider law and justice without considering at the same time the people whom they concern. And people again cannot be imagined without feelings, political and social views, and economic interests. The law could not exist without such a background. The history of various acts of confiscation in the twentieth century proves the enormous importance of the back­ ground underlying these problems. Russian confiscations are in the light of the Bolshevist doctrine only becoming intelligible of revolution; the M exicanization of the oil industry is in keeping with Mexican social development preceding it; the confiscations which took place in Germany under the Nazi regime must be understood as the outcome of a certain ideology; unfortunately confiscations due to operations in time of war are self-explana­ tory. A single school of thought governs each one alike: rights of individuals are considered of less and less importance. It was not by chance that the infringement of private property, notably in the great political upheavals, often went hand in hand with a dedining interest in the protection of the individual freedom. Where the state infringes the proprietary rights of individuals, it will even more readily do the same as regards personal freedom.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401767620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Law of the sea. ; International law. ; Aeronautics—Law and legislation.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789401509879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 218 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Law of the sea. ; International law. ; Aeronautics—Law and legislation.
    Abstract: Historical survey -- Chief problems -- I Sovereignty Over the Air Space -- The concept of air space -- Freedom of the air -- Devel­opment of the theory of sovereignty -- Restrictions on air traffic -- Historical development -- Present situation -- Conclusion -- II Nationality of Aircraft -- The aircraft -- Nationality -- Historical development -- Present situation -- Conclusion -- III Rights in Aircraft -- Aircraft as movable property -- Acquisition of title to aircraft -- Mortgages on aircraft -- IV Civil Jurisdiction over Aircraft -- Principles of the application of civil law -- Interna­tional law -- International court -- National law -- Conclusion -- V Criminal Jurisdiction over Aircraft -- Principles of the application of criminal law -- Inter­national law -- National law -- Conclusion -- VI Consequences of the Special Legal Status of Aircraft -- Consequences for the State of registry -- Other States -- Rights in aircraft -- Carriage by air -- Damage caused to third parties on the ground -- Final review -- Appendix. Draft Convention on Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction over Aircraft.
    Abstract: I . Historical survey The legal status of aircraft is a problem that has given rise to innumerable questions ever since the earliest years of aviation. But the majority of these questions only relate to certain aspects of the legal status of aircraft, and the problem as a whole has hardly been studied at all. The evolutionary process in the study of a number of facets of the problem is outlined below. Nationality The question of the nationality of aircraft has always received a lot of attention. As far as the principle is concerned, there can be little dispute on this point nowadays. The subject of the nationality of aircraft was discussed at the aviation conferences which led to the Paris Convention in 1919, the Ibero-American Convention in 1926, the Havana Convention in 1928 and the Chicago Convention in 1944. According to Article 6 of the Paris Convention of 1919, an aircraft possesses the nationality of the State on whose register it is entered. The Ibero-American Convention of 1926 and the Pan-American Convention signed at Havana in 1928 start from the same principle.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401192163
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: I. Introduction -- II. Evolution of the International Trusteeship System -- 1. Origin of the Idea -- 2. Inception of the International Mandates -- 3. Inter-War Years -- 4. International Trusteeship in Embryo -- 5. Evaluation -- III. Drafting of the Mandates and Trusteeship Articles -- 1. The Paris and San Francisco Conferences -- 2. Compromises in the Two Systems -- 3. Framing of the Mandates and Trusteeship Article -- 4. Role of the Powers -- 5. Reception of the Two Systems -- IV. Establishment of the Two Systems -- 1. The Interregnum -- 2. Submission of the Territories -- 3. Drafting of the Trusteeship Agreements -- 4. Approval of the Trust Agreements -- 5. Mandates and Trusteeship Texts -- 6. The Inauguration of the Two Systems -- V. The Territorial Application of the Two Systems -- 1. Territories Under Mandate -- 2. Territories Detached from the Enemy States -- 3. Territories Voluntarily Placed Under the System -- 4. Evaluation -- VI. The Agencies of International Supervision -- 1. The General Assembly -- 2. The Security Council -- 3. The International Court of Justice -- 4. The International Secretariat -- VII. The Permanent Mandates Commission and the Trusteeship Council -- 1. Composition of the Commission and the Council -- 2. Organization of the Commission and the Council -- 3. Functions and Powers of the Commission and the Council -- 4. The Specialized Agencies -- VIII. Operation of the International Trusteeship System I -- 1. The Problem of Sovereignty Over Mandated and Trust Territories -- 2. General Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- 3. Special Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- IX. Operation of the International Trusteeship System II -- 1. Political Advancement -- 2. Economic Advancement -- 3. Social Advancement -- 4. Educational Advancement -- X. Conclusion -- I. Population of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- II. Territorial Distribution of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- III. Distribution of the Mandated and Trust Territories -- IV. Composition of the Visiting Missions, 1947–1955 -- V. Educational Advancement in Trust Territories -- Organization of the Department of Trusteeship and Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories -- Selected Bibliography -- Tables -- Chart.
    Abstract: Bismarck once said: "I do not want any colonies at all. Their only use is to provide sinecures. That is all England at present gets out of her colonies, and Spain too. And as for us Gennans, colonies would be exactly like the silks and sables of the Polish nobleman who had no shirt to wear under them. " 1 It may be debated whether Bismarck was right or wrong, but the subsequent course of history e. g. , the Anglo­ French rivalry in Egypt, the Sino-Japanese war of 1894-1895, the Spa­ nish-American war of 1898, the Boer war of 1899-1902, the Russo­ Japanese war of 1904-1905, the Morocco crisis of 1906, the Turco­ Italian war of 1911, showed that the colonial territories, which were often treated as pawns in the diplomatic game for power, prestige, and markets were potential causes of war. 2 The chief cause of modern wars, if Hobson's analysis is accepted, is the competitive struggle of modern nations for economic privileges of one kind or another for powerful financial and trading groups of their 3 nationals. The keen desire of the Colonial Powers to acquire new mar­ kets and sources of raw materials by diplomatic pressure or force have been, according to him, "the chief directing influences in foreign policy, the chief causes of competing armaments, and the pennanent under­ lying menaces to peace.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. IntroductionII. Evolution of the International Trusteeship System -- 1. Origin of the Idea -- 2. Inception of the International Mandates -- 3. Inter-War Years -- 4. International Trusteeship in Embryo -- 5. Evaluation -- III. Drafting of the Mandates and Trusteeship Articles -- 1. The Paris and San Francisco Conferences -- 2. Compromises in the Two Systems -- 3. Framing of the Mandates and Trusteeship Article -- 4. Role of the Powers -- 5. Reception of the Two Systems -- IV. Establishment of the Two Systems -- 1. The Interregnum -- 2. Submission of the Territories -- 3. Drafting of the Trusteeship Agreements -- 4. Approval of the Trust Agreements -- 5. Mandates and Trusteeship Texts -- 6. The Inauguration of the Two Systems -- V. The Territorial Application of the Two Systems -- 1. Territories Under Mandate -- 2. Territories Detached from the Enemy States -- 3. Territories Voluntarily Placed Under the System -- 4. Evaluation -- VI. The Agencies of International Supervision -- 1. The General Assembly -- 2. The Security Council -- 3. The International Court of Justice -- 4. The International Secretariat -- VII. The Permanent Mandates Commission and the Trusteeship Council -- 1. Composition of the Commission and the Council -- 2. Organization of the Commission and the Council -- 3. Functions and Powers of the Commission and the Council -- 4. The Specialized Agencies -- VIII. Operation of the International Trusteeship System I -- 1. The Problem of Sovereignty Over Mandated and Trust Territories -- 2. General Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- 3. Special Questions Affecting Trust Territories -- IX. Operation of the International Trusteeship System II -- 1. Political Advancement -- 2. Economic Advancement -- 3. Social Advancement -- 4. Educational Advancement -- X. Conclusion -- I. Population of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- II. Territorial Distribution of the Non-Self-Governing Territories in 1954 -- III. Distribution of the Mandated and Trust Territories -- IV. Composition of the Visiting Missions, 1947-1955 -- V. Educational Advancement in Trust Territories -- Organization of the Department of Trusteeship and Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories -- Selected Bibliography -- Tables -- Chart.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401509275
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (273p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law. ; Commercial law.
    Abstract: The Creation of the Court of Justice -- I. The Ratification Debates -- Views Expressed upon the Function of the Court -- The Nature of the Court -- Criticisms brought against the Court -- Opinions upon the Value of Appeals to the Court -- Opinions expressed upon Articles of the Treaty -- II. The Organisation of the Court -- The Judges -- The President of the Court -- The Chambers of the Court -- The Presidents of the Two Chambers -- The Juge Rapporteur -- Disqualifications -- Immunities -- The Ending of the Term of Office of a Judge -- The Advocates General -- The Registrar -- The Rapporteurs Adjoints -- The Attachés to the Court -- III. The Competence of the Court -- Categories of Competence granted to the Court -- An Analysis of the Competence of the Court -- IV. The Procedure of the Court -- Sessions and Deliberations of the Court -- The Vacations of the Court -- The Official Languages of the Court -- Representation -- The Submission of the Request -- The Written Procedure -- Third Party Intervention -- Preliminary Pleas of Defence -- The Instruction -- Witnesses and Experts before the Court -- The Oral Procedure -- The Judgement of the Court -- Corrections of the Judgement -- The Interpretation of the Judgement -- Judgements against a Defaulting Party -- Summary Procedure -- Actions concerning the Validity of the Délibérations of the High Authority -- The Amendment of the Powers of the High Authority -- The Withdrawal of a Case -- Costs -- Procedural Time Periods and Limitations -- Notifications -- V. Cases before the Court -- L’Union des Armateurs Allemands and others v. The High Authority -- Bunkerfirmen-Vereinigung v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of His Majesty the King of Belgium v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Italian Republic v. The High Authority -- L’Association ASSIDER v. The High Authority -- L’Association ISA v. The High Authority -- Société Anonyme de Charbonnages Réunis de la Minerie v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Netherlands v. The High Authority -- VI. The Proposed Future Development of the Court -- a. Proposed Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European Defence Community Treaty -- The Subordinate Tribunals of the Defence Community -- b. Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European (Political) Community Treaty -- Appendix I. The Ratification of the Treaty Instituting the European Coal and Steel Community -- a. Voting in the National Parliaments of the Six Member States -- b. Documents concerned with the Preliminary Discussions upon the Schuman Plan -- Appendix II. The Decisions and Recommendations of the High Authority — Arts. 33 and 35 of the Treaty -- A. Duties imposed upon the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- B. Powers granted to the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- Appendix III. Pecuniary Sanctions and Daily Penalty Payments — Art. 36 of the Treaty -- a. Decisions having Executory Force -- b. Agreement to Action Proposed by the High Authority -- c. Consultation with the High Authority -- Appendix VI. Obligations Imposed Upon Member States — Art. 88 of the Treaty -- Appendix VII. The Budget of the Court, 1954–1955.
    Abstract: THE CREATION OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY On 9th May, 1950, M. Robert Schuman, the then Foreign Minister of France, speaking at a Press Conference in Paris, outlined the idea of establishing a Community within Europe to control the production of coal and steel. "The French Govern­ ment", he stated, "propose to place the whole of the Franco­ German production of coal and steel under a common high authorityl within an organisation open to the participation of other countries of Europe ... This will form the first concrete step towards a European Federation, which is indispensable for peace" 2. This statement, apart from the specific mention of a high authority, does not mention any proposed organs of such a Community, and, as will appear, no firm idea of the Community's structure existed at all at that date. Six weeks after this announcement in Paris, a Conference composed of the six States that were to form the Coal and Steel 4 Community3 met under the presidency of M. Monnet • This Conference continued its work "consciencieux et discret, rue 5 Martignac" until March, 1951 • The first reference that one finds to a judicial organ to control the activity of the Community is contained in the document sub­ mitted by the Commissariat general au Plan 6. When compared with 1 The term is given in small letters as a description rather than as a title. 2 Bulletin Quotidien, llth May, 1950.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Creation of the Court of JusticeI. The Ratification Debates -- Views Expressed upon the Function of the Court -- The Nature of the Court -- Criticisms brought against the Court -- Opinions upon the Value of Appeals to the Court -- Opinions expressed upon Articles of the Treaty -- II. The Organisation of the Court -- The Judges -- The President of the Court -- The Chambers of the Court -- The Presidents of the Two Chambers -- The Juge Rapporteur -- Disqualifications -- Immunities -- The Ending of the Term of Office of a Judge -- The Advocates General -- The Registrar -- The Rapporteurs Adjoints -- The Attachés to the Court -- III. The Competence of the Court -- Categories of Competence granted to the Court -- An Analysis of the Competence of the Court -- IV. The Procedure of the Court -- Sessions and Deliberations of the Court -- The Vacations of the Court -- The Official Languages of the Court -- Representation -- The Submission of the Request -- The Written Procedure -- Third Party Intervention -- Preliminary Pleas of Defence -- The Instruction -- Witnesses and Experts before the Court -- The Oral Procedure -- The Judgement of the Court -- Corrections of the Judgement -- The Interpretation of the Judgement -- Judgements against a Defaulting Party -- Summary Procedure -- Actions concerning the Validity of the Délibérations of the High Authority -- The Amendment of the Powers of the High Authority -- The Withdrawal of a Case -- Costs -- Procedural Time Periods and Limitations -- Notifications -- V. Cases before the Court -- L’Union des Armateurs Allemands and others v. The High Authority -- Bunkerfirmen-Vereinigung v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of His Majesty the King of Belgium v. The High Authority -- The Government of the French Republic v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Italian Republic v. The High Authority -- L’Association ASSIDER v. The High Authority -- L’Association ISA v. The High Authority -- Société Anonyme de Charbonnages Réunis de la Minerie v. The High Authority -- The Government of the Netherlands v. The High Authority -- VI. The Proposed Future Development of the Court -- a. Proposed Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European Defence Community Treaty -- The Subordinate Tribunals of the Defence Community -- b. Extensions of Jurisdiction under the European (Political) Community Treaty -- Appendix I. The Ratification of the Treaty Instituting the European Coal and Steel Community -- a. Voting in the National Parliaments of the Six Member States -- b. Documents concerned with the Preliminary Discussions upon the Schuman Plan -- Appendix II. The Decisions and Recommendations of the High Authority - Arts. 33 and 35 of the Treaty -- A. Duties imposed upon the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- B. Powers granted to the High Authority to take a Decision or formulate a Recommendation -- Appendix III. Pecuniary Sanctions and Daily Penalty Payments - Art. 36 of the Treaty -- a. Decisions having Executory Force -- b. Agreement to Action Proposed by the High Authority -- c. Consultation with the High Authority -- Appendix VI. Obligations Imposed Upon Member States - Art. 88 of the Treaty -- Appendix VII. The Budget of the Court, 1954-1955.
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