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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789401148467
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vii, 127 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 History -- 3 Occurrence and isolation -- 4 Biological activities -- 5 Carbohydrate specificity -- 6 Molecular properties -- 7 Three dimensional structures -- 8 Biosynthesis -- 9 Applications -- 10 Lectin resistant cells -- 11 Functions in nature -- 12 Epilogue.
    Abstract: A characteristic property of most, or perhaps all, proteins is their ability to combine specifically and reversibly with various substances. Well known examples are enzymes that bind substrates and inhibitors, and antibodies that bind antigens. This book deals with lectins, a class of proteins that bind carbohydrates. Another characteristic property of lectins is that they agglutinate cells or precipitate polysaccharides and glycoproteins. This is because lectins are polyvalent, i.e. each lectin molecule has at least two carbohydrate binding sites to allow crosslinking between cells (by combining with sugars on their surfaces) or between sugar containing macromolecules. The agglutinating and precipitating activities of lectins are very similar to those of antibodies. They can likewise be specifically inhibited by low molecular weight compounds (haptens), which in the case of lectins are sugars or sugar containing compounds (Fig. 1.1). Not surprisingly, therefore, many of the methods used in lectin research are based on immunochemical techniques. Nevertheless, lectins are different from antibodies in several important aspects. Many lectins are found in plants, microorganisms and viruses, which do not synthesize immunoglobulins. In fact, they are found in almost all living organisms (Table 1.1) and are not confined to specific organs or tissues. Another marked difference between the two classes of compound is that antibodies are structurally similar, whereas lectins are structurally diverse. In general, lectins are oligomeric proteins composed of subunits, usually with one sugar binding site per subunit.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction2 History -- 3 Occurrence and isolation -- 4 Biological activities -- 5 Carbohydrate specificity -- 6 Molecular properties -- 7 Three dimensional structures -- 8 Biosynthesis -- 9 Applications -- 10 Lectin resistant cells -- 11 Functions in nature -- 12 Epilogue.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585274065
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiv, 349 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 33
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Internal medicine ; Pediatrics ; Medical ethics ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Pediatrics. ; Internal medicine. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: Children’s Health as a Social and Political Issue -- Child Health and Public Policy -- Comments on Barbara Starfield’s ‘Child Health and Public Policy’ -- Development of the U.S. Federal Role in Children’s Health Care: A Critical Appraisal -- American Social and Political Thought and the Federal Role in Child Health Care -- Children as Research Subjects -- When is the Risk Minimal Enough for Children to be Research Subjects? -- Children, Illness, and Death -- Death and Children’S Literature: Charlotte’s Web and the Dying Child -- Charlotte the Spider, Socrates, and the Problem of Evil -- Children’s Conceptions of Illness and Death -- Terminally Ill Children and Treatment Choices: a Reply to Gareth Matthews -- Children’s and Parents’ Roles in Medical Decisionmaking -- Children and Adolescents: Their Right to Decide About Their Own Health Care -- Children and Health Care Decisionmaking: A Reply to Angela Holder -- Children’s Competence for Health Care Decisionmaking -- Consent and Decisional Authority in Children’s Health Care Decisionmaking: A Reply to Dan Brock -- Questions Parents Should Resist -- Taking the Family Seriously: Beyond Best Interests -- The Pediatrician’s Role: Theory and Practice -- “Not Miniature Men and Women”: Abraham Jacobi’s Vision of a New Medical Specialty a Century Ago -- The Development of Pediatrics as a Specialty -- The Good Doctor and the Medical Care of Children -- Comments on John Ladd’s ‘the Good Doctor and the Medical Care of Children’ -- Government by Case Anecdote or Case Advocacy: A Pediatrician’s View -- Advocacy: Some Reflections on an Ambiguous Term -- Loving the Chronically Ill Child: A Pediatrician’s Perspective -- Love and the Physician: A Reply to Thomas Irons.
    Abstract: Before a separate Department of Medical Humanities was formed, the editors of this volume were faculty members of the Department of Pediatrics at our medical school. Colleagues daily spoke of the moral and social problems of children's health care. Our offices were near the examining rooms where children had their bone-marrow procedures done. Since this is a painful test, we often heard them cry. The hospital floor where the sickest children stayed was also nearby. The physicians, nurses, and social workers believed that children's health care needs were not being met and that more could and should be done. Fewer resources are available for a child than for an adult with a comparable illness, they said. These experiences prompted us to prepare this volume and to ask whether children do get their fair share of the health care dollar. Since the question "What kind of health care do we owe to our children?" is complex, responses should be rooted in many disciplines. These include philosophy, law, public policy and, of course, the health professions. Representing all of these disciplines, contributors to this volume reflect on moral and social issues in children's health care. The last hundred years have brought great changes in health care tor children. The specialty of pediatrics developed during this period, and with it, a new group of advocates for children's health care. Women's suffrage gave a political boost to the recognition of children's special health needs.
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