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  • English  (13)
  • Schmukler, Sergio L.  (8)
  • Levine, Ross  (5)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (13)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press
  • [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : IntechOpen
  • Private Sector Development  (13)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Internationalization of China's Equity Markets (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (66 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cortina, Juan J The Internationalization of China's Equity Markets
    Keywords: Emerging Markets ; Equity Financing ; Equity Issuance Activity ; Equity Market Liberalization ; Firm Investment ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Investors ; International Economics and Trade ; International Investors ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Stock Connect
    Abstract: The internationalization of China's equity markets started in the early 2000s but accelerated after 2012, when Chinese firms' shares listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen gradually became available to international investors. This paper documents the effects of the post-2012 internationalization events by comparing the evolution of equity financing and investment activities for (i) domestic listed firms relative to firms that already had access to international investors and (ii) domestic listed firms that were directly connected to international markets relative to those that were not. The paper shows significant increases in financial and investment activities for domestic listed firms and connected firms, with sizable aggregate effects. The evidence also suggests that the rise in firms' equity issuances was primarily and initially financed by domestic investors. Foreign ownership of Chinese firms increased once the locally issued shares became part of the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) Emerging Markets Index in 2018
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10513
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Latin America and the Rising South : Changing World, Changing Priorities (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464803567
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (248 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Latin America and Caribbean Studies
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Latin America and the rising South
    DDC: 332.098
    RVK:
    QG 630
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Wirtschaftslage ; Lateinamerika ; Karibischer Raum ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Weltwirtschaft ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Süden ; Emerging Market ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Außenhandel ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Investition ; domestic savings ; FDI ; Financial integration ; Foreign direct investment ; Global financial network ; Global trade network ; Global value chains ; Globalization ; International Economics and Trade ; Labor market dynamics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Real exchange rate dynamics ; Rise of the south ; Trade Integration ; Trade structure ; Erde ; Lateinamerika
    Abstract: The world economy is not what it used to be twenty years ago. For most of the 20th century, the world economy was characterized by developed (North) countries acting as 'center' to a 'periphery' of developing (South) countries. However, the recent rise of developing economies suggests the need to go beyond this North-South dichotomy. This tectonic re-configuration of the global landscape has brought about significant changes to countries in the Latin America and Caribean (LAC) region. The time is ripe for an in-depth analysis of the dynamics and nature of LAC's external connections.This latest volume in the World Bank Latin American and Caribbean Studies series will focus on the implications of these trends for the economic development of LAC countries. In particular, trade, financial, macroeconomic, and sectoral shifts, as well as labor-market aspects will be systematically analyzed
    Note: Description based on print version record
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0355-0
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Finance, Financial Sector Policies, And Long-Run Growth (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (82 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Demirguc-Kunt, Asli Finance, Financial Sector Policies, And Long-Run Growth
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Markets ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; International Bank ; Investment Decisions ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Markets ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; International Bank ; Investment Decisions ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Instruments ; Financial Markets ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; International Bank ; Investment Decisions ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs
    Abstract: The first part of this paper reviews the literature on the relation between finance and growth. The second part of the paper reviews the literature on the historical and policy determinants of financial development. Governments play a central role in shaping the operation of financial systems and the degree to which large segments of the financial system have access to financial services. The paper discusses the relationship between financial sector policies and economic development
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  • 4
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    Emerging Market Liquidity And Crises (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (23 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Yeyati, Eduardo Levy Emerging Market Liquidity And Crises
    Keywords: Bid ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Economies ; Emerging Market ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Illiquidity ; Levy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Liquidity ; Markets and Market Access ; Mutual Funds ; Portfolio ; Private Sector Development ; Securities ; Trading ; Trading Costs ; Bid ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Economies ; Emerging Market ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Illiquidity ; Levy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Liquidity ; Markets and Market Access ; Mutual Funds ; Portfolio ; Private Sector Development ; Securities ; Trading ; Trading Costs ; Bid ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Economies ; Emerging Market ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Illiquidity ; Levy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market Liquidity ; Markets and Market Access ; Mutual Funds ; Portfolio ; Private Sector Development ; Securities ; Trading ; Trading Costs
    Abstract: Whereas conventional wisdom argues that markets shut down during crises, with sellers struggling to find buyers, we find that markets continue to operate during financial turmoil, even in narrow and volatile emerging economies. Simple event studies indicate that both trading volume and trading costs increase in crisis times. Prices change more with each dollar transacted (pushing the Amihud illiquidity measure up) and bid-ask spreads widen. More generally, econometric estimates show that large price downturns, typical of crises, are associated with higher trading activity and increased trading costs, with trading activity declining only later as crises progress. Thus, while trading activity tends to be negatively related to trading costs during tranquil times (and across securities), this relation appears to break down during crises. These results are consistent with the analytical literature on portfolio rebalancing by heterogeneous agents in times of crises
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  • 5
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    Finance And Economic Opportunity (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Demirguc-Kunt, Asli Finance And Economic Opportunity
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Opportunities ; Economic Opportunity ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Markets ; Financial Services ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; Formal Financial Sector ; Households ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Small Enterprises ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Opportunities ; Economic Opportunity ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Markets ; Financial Services ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; Formal Financial Sector ; Households ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Small Enterprises ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Opportunities ; Economic Opportunity ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Markets ; Financial Services ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; Formal Financial Sector ; Households ; Inequality ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Small Enterprises
    Abstract: An influential body of theoretical research and an emerging line of empirical work suggest that the operation of the formal financial system affects the degree to which economic opportunities are defined by talent and initiative rather than by parental wealth and social connections. This paper discusses the theory of how financial markets influence economic opportunity and reviews recent empirical work on the relation between formal financial systems and poverty, income inequality, and economic opportunity. The authors consider recent efforts to measure the ability of households and small enterprises to access financial services, the impact of this access, and the mechanisms through which finance affects poverty and inequality. The authors argue that considerably more research is needed to identify which formal financial sector policies enhance the operation of the financial system in ways that expand the economic horizons of the economically disenfranchised
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  • 6
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    Stock Market Development Under Globalization : Whither The Gains From Reforms ? (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Schmukler, Sergio L Stock Market Development Under Globalization
    Keywords: Bank Policy ; Capital Market Development ; Capital Market Reforms ; Capital Markets ; Capital Raising ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Capital ; Domestic Capital Market ; Domestic Market ; Domestic Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Capital Market Development ; Capital Market Reforms ; Capital Markets ; Capital Raising ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Capital ; Domestic Capital Market ; Domestic Market ; Domestic Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Capital Market Development ; Capital Market Reforms ; Capital Markets ; Capital Raising ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Capital ; Domestic Capital Market ; Domestic Market ; Domestic Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: Over the past decades, many countries have implemented significant reforms to foster domestic capital market development. These reforms included stock market liberalization, privatization programs, and the establishment of regulatory and supervisory frameworks. Despite the intense reform efforts, the performance of capital markets in several countries has been disappointing. To study whether reforms have had the intended effects on capital markets, the authors analyze the impact of six capital market reforms on domestic stock market development and internationalization using event studies. They find that reforms tend to be followed by significant increases in domestic market capitalization, trading, and capital raising. Reforms are also followed by an increase in the share of activity in international equity markets, with potential negative spillover effects on domestic markets
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  • 7
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    Innovative Experiences In Access To Finance : Market Friendly Roles For The Visible Hand ? (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (82 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: de la Torre, Augusto Innovative Experiences In Access To Finance
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Guarantee ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial development ; Financial markets ; International Bank ; Investment projects ; Market Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Public banks ; Return ; Transaction ; Transaction Cost ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Guarantee ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial development ; Financial markets ; International Bank ; Investment projects ; Market Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Public banks ; Return ; Transaction ; Transaction Cost ; Access to Finance ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Credit Guarantee ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Environment ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial development ; Financial markets ; International Bank ; Investment projects ; Market Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Public banks ; Return ; Transaction ; Transaction Cost
    Abstract: Interest in access to finance has increased significantly in recent years, as growing evidence suggests that lack of access to credit prevents lower-income households and small firms from financing high return investment projects, having an adverse effect on growth and poverty alleviation. This study describes some recent innovative experiences to broaden access to credit. These experiences are consistent with an emerging new view that recognizes a limited role for the public sector in financial markets, but contends that there might be room for well-designed, restricted interventions in collaboration with the private sector to foster financial development and broaden access. The authors illustrate this view with several recent experiences in Latin America and then discuss some open policy questions about the role of the public and private sectors in driving these financial innovations
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The International Financial Integration of China And India (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (55 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Lane, Philip R The International Financial Integration of China And India
    Keywords: Balance Sheets ; Bank Policy ; Borrowers ; Capital Flows ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Exchange ; Exchange Rate ; External Assets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Developments ; Financial Liberalization ; Financial Literacy ; Holdings ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Balance Sheets ; Bank Policy ; Borrowers ; Capital Flows ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Exchange ; Exchange Rate ; External Assets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Developments ; Financial Liberalization ; Financial Literacy ; Holdings ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Balance Sheets ; Bank Policy ; Borrowers ; Capital Flows ; Currencies and Exchange Rates ; Debt ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Exchange ; Exchange Rate ; External Assets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Developments ; Financial Liberalization ; Financial Literacy ; Holdings ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: Three main features characterize the international financial integration of China and India. First, while only having a small global share of privately-held external assets and liabilities (with the exception of China's foreign direct investment liabilities), these countries are large holders of official reserves. Second, their international balance sheets are highly asymmetric: both are "short equity, long debt." Third, China and India have improved their net external positions over the past decade although, based on their income level, neoclassical models would predict them to be net borrowers. Domestic financial developments and policies seem essential in understanding these patterns of integration. These include financial liberalization and exchange rate policies, domestic financial sector policies, and the impact of financial reform on savings and investment rates. Changes in these factors will affect the international financial integration of China and India (through shifts in capital flows and asset and liability holdings) and, consequently, the international financial system
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    International Financial Integration Through Equity Markets : Which Firms From Which Countries Go Global ? (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (49 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Claessens, Stijn International Financial Integration Through Equity Markets
    Keywords: Access To Capital ; Bank Policy ; Budget ; Capital Markets ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Equity Markets ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Support ; Globalization ; International Economy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Access To Capital ; Bank Policy ; Budget ; Capital Markets ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Equity Markets ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Support ; Globalization ; International Economy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Access To Capital ; Bank Policy ; Budget ; Capital Markets ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Equity Markets ; Exchange ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Markets ; Financial Support ; Globalization ; International Economy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Microfinance ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises
    Abstract: The authors study international financial integration analyzing firms from various countries raising capital, trading equity, and cross-listing in major world stock markets. Using a large sample of 39,517 firms from 111 countries covering the period 1989-2000, they find that, although international financial integration increases substantially over this period, only relatively few countries and firms actively participate in international markets. Firms more likely to internationalize are from larger and more open economies, with higher income, better macroeconomic policies, and worse institutional environments. These firms tend to be larger, grow faster, and have higher returns and more foreign sales. While changes occur with internationalization, these firm attributes are present before internationalization takes place. The results suggest that international financial integration will likely remain constrained by country and firm characteristics
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Capital Market Development : Whither Latin America ? (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (27 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Schmukler, Sergio L Capital Market Development
    Keywords: Bank Policy ; Bond ; Bond Market ; Bond Market Development ; Capital Market ; Capital Market Development ; Capital Market Reforms ; Capital Markets ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Capital ; Domestic Capital Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Bond ; Bond Market ; Bond Market Development ; Capital Market ; Capital Market Development ; Capital Market Reforms ; Capital Markets ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Capital ; Domestic Capital Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development ; Bank Policy ; Bond ; Bond Market ; Bond Market Development ; Capital Market ; Capital Market Development ; Capital Market Reforms ; Capital Markets ; Debt Markets ; Domestic Capital ; Domestic Capital Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Markets and Market Access ; Private Sector Development
    Abstract: Over the past decades, many countries have implemented significant reforms to foster capital market development. Latin American countries were at the forefront of this process. The authors analyze where Latin American capital markets stand after these reforms. They find that despite the intense reform effort, capital markets in Latin America remain underdeveloped relative to markets in other regions. Furthermore, stock markets are below what can be expected, given Latin America's economic and institutional fundamentals. The authors discuss alternative ways of interpreting this evidence. They argue that it is difficult to pinpoint which policies Latin American countries should pursue to overcome their poor capital market development. Moreover, they argue that expectations about the outcome of the reform process may need to be revisited to take into account intrinsic characteristics of emerging economies. The latter may limit the scope for developing deep domestic capital markets in a context of international financial integration
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  • 11
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    A New Database on Financial Development and Structure (1999)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (67 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Levine, Ross A New Database on Financial Development and Structure
    Keywords: Bank ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Bond Markets ; Commercial Banks ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Equity Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crises ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediaries ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Sector ; Financial Systems ; Insurance ; Insurance Companies ; Law and Development ; Money ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Ownership ; Pension ; Pension Funds ; Private Sector Development ; Stock ; Stock Market ; Bank ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bond ; Bond Markets ; Commercial Banks ; Corporate Law ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Equity Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crises ; Financial Institutions ; Financial Intermediaries ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Sector ; Financial Systems ; Insurance ; Insurance Companies ; Law and Development ; Money ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Ownership ; Pension ; Pension Funds ; Private Sector Development ; Stock ; Stock Market
    Abstract: July 1999 - This new database of indicators of financial development and structure across countries and over time unites a range of indicators that measure the size, activity, and efficiency of financial intermediaries and markets. Beck, Demirgüç-Kunt, and Levine introduce a new database of indicators of financial development and structure across countries and over time. This database is unique in that it unites a variety of indicators that measure the size, activity, and efficiency of financial intermediaries and markets. It improves on previous efforts by presenting data on the public share of commercial banks, by introducing indicators of the size and activity of nonbank financial institutions, and by presenting measures of the size of bond and primary equity markets. The compiled data permit the construction of financial structure indicators to measure whether, for example, a country's banks are larger, more active, and more efficient than its stock markets. These indicators can then be used to investigate the empirical link between the legal, regulatory, and policy environment and indicators of financial structure. They can also be used to analyze the implications of financial structure for economic growth. Beck, Demirgüç-Kunt, and Levine describe the sources and construction of, and the intuition behind, different indicators and present descriptive statistics. This paper - a product of Finance, Development Research Group - is part of a broader effort in the group to understand the determinants of financial structure and its importance to economic development. The authors may be contacted at tbeckworldbank.org, ademirguckunt@worldbank.org, or rlevine@csom.umn.edu
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  • 12
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    Banking Systems Around the Globe : Do Regulation and Ownership Affect Performance and Stability? (1999)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (66 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Levine, Ross Banking Systems Around the Globe
    Keywords: Bank ; Banking ; Banking Crises ; Banking Reform ; Banking Sector ; Banking Sector Development ; Banking System ; Banking Systems ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crises ; Financial Crisis Management and Restructuring ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Stability ; Financial Systems ; Governments ; Industry ; Insurance ; Investment Banking ; Markets ; Private Sector Development ; Projects ; Public Policy ; Bank ; Banking ; Banking Crises ; Banking Reform ; Banking Sector ; Banking Sector Development ; Banking System ; Banking Systems ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Commercial Banks ; Debt Markets ; Emerging Markets ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Crises ; Financial Crisis Management and Restructuring ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Stability ; Financial Systems ; Governments ; Industry ; Insurance ; Investment Banking ; Markets ; Private Sector Development ; Projects ; Public Policy
    Abstract: April 2000 - Empirical results highlight the downside of imposing certain regulatory restrictions on commercial bank activities. Regulations that restrict banks' ability to engage in securities activities and to own nonfinancial firms are closely associated with more instability in the banking sector. And keeping commercial banks from engaging in investment banking, insurance, and real estate activities does not appear to produce positive benefits. Barth, Caprio, and Levine report cross-country data on commercial bank regulation and ownership in more than 60 countries. They evaluate the links between different regulatory/ownership practices in those countries and both financial sector performance and banking system stability. They document substantial variation in response to these questions: Should it be public policy to limit the powers of commercial banks to engage in securities, insurance, and real estate activities? Should the mixing of banking and commerce be restricted by regulating commercial bank's ownership of nonfinancial firms and nonfinancial firms' ownership of commercial banks? Should states own commercial banks, or should those banks be privatized? They find: · There is no reliable statistical relationship between restrictions on commercial banks' ability to engage in securities, insurance, and real estate transactions and a) how well-developed the banking sector is, b) how well-developed securities markets and nonbank financial intermediaries are, or c) the degree of industrial competition. Based on the evidence, it is difficult to argue confidently that restricting commercial banking activities benefits - or harms - the development of financial and securities markets or industrial competition. · There are no positive effects from mixing banking and commerce. · Countries that more tightly restrict and regulate the securities activities of commercial banks are substantially more likely to suffer a major banking crisis. Countries whose national regulations inhibit banks' ability to engage in securities underwriting, brokering, and dealing - and all aspects of the mutual fund business - tend to have more fragile financial systems. · The mixing of banking and commerce is associated with less financial stability. The evidence does not support admonitions to restrict the mixing of banking and commerce because mixing them will increase financial fragility. · On average, greater state ownership of banks tends to be associated with more poorly developed banks, nonbanks, and stock markets and more poorly functioning financial systems. This paper - a product of Finance, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to examine the effects of financial sector regulation. The authors may be contacted at jbarthbusiness.auburn.edu, gcaprio@worldbank.org, or rlevine@csom.umn.edu
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  • 13
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    New Firm Formation and Industry Growth : Does Having a Market- or Bank-Based System Matter? (1999)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (50 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Levine, Ross New Firm Formation and Industry Growth
    Keywords: Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Emerging Markets ; External Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Structure ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; Individual Investors ; Legal Protection ; Liquid Market ; Market ; Market Development ; Market Liquidity ; Markets ; Outside Investors ; Private Sector Development ; Public Markets ; Shareholders ; Shares ; Stock ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Economic Development ; Emerging Markets ; External Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Development ; Financial Literacy ; Financial Structure ; Financial System ; Financial Systems ; Individual Investors ; Legal Protection ; Liquid Market ; Market ; Market Development ; Market Liquidity ; Markets ; Outside Investors ; Private Sector Development ; Public Markets ; Shareholders ; Shares ; Stock ; Transaction ; Transaction Costs
    Abstract: June 2000 - Do industries that depend heavily on external finance grow faster in market-based or bank-based financial systems? Are new firms more likely to form in a bank-based or a market-based financial system? Beck and Levine find no evidence for the superiority of either market-based or bank-based financial systems for industries dependent on external financing. But they find overwhelming evidence that industries heavily dependent on external finance grow faster in economies with higher levels of financial development and with better legal protection for outside investors - including strong creditor and shareholder rights and strong contract enforcement mechanisms. Financial development also stimulates the establishment of new firms, which is consistent with the Schumpeterian view of creative destruction. Financial development matters. That the financial system is bank-based or market-based offers little additional information. This paper - a product of the Financial Sector Strategy and Policy Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to understand the link between financial development and economic growth. The authors may be contacted at tbeckworldbank.org or rlevine@csom.umn.edu
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