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  • English  (28)
  • 2005-2009  (28)
  • Anderson, Kym  (12)
  • Beck, Thorsten  (8)
  • Mattoo, Aaditya  (8)
  • [Washington, D.C] : World Bank  (27)
  • Adelaide : University of Adelaide Press  (1)
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  • English  (28)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Adelaide : University of Adelaide Press
    ISBN: 9780980672343 , 9780980672374 , 0980672376 , 9780980672350 , 098067235X , 9780980672367 , 9780980672343
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 volumes)
    Edition: Rev. ed
    Parallel Title: Print version Australia's economy in its international context
    Keywords: International economic relations ; International economic relations ; Commercial policy ; Economic history ; Economic policy ; Australia ; International economic relations ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; International ; Economics ; Australia Foreign economic relations ; Australia Commercial policy ; Australia Economic policy 20th century ; Australia Economic conditions 20th century ; Australia ; Australia ; Australia ; Australia ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "This two-volume collection brings together the first 53 Joseph Fisher Lectures in economics and commerce, presented at the Adelaide University every other year since 1904. Funds for the Lectures, together with a medal for the top accounting student each year, were kindly provided by a £1,000 endowment to the University by the prominent Adelaide businessman Joseph Fisher in 1903. The Lectures address a wide range of Australian economic issues, in addition to some international economic issues of national significance. They have stood the test of time extremely well, while also providing a reminder of the events and concerns that were prominent at different times during the past century"--Publisher's description
    Abstract: "This two-volume collection brings together the first 53 Joseph Fisher Lectures in economics and commerce, presented at the Adelaide University every other year since 1904. Funds for the Lectures, together with a medal for the top accounting student each year, were kindly provided by a £1,000 endowment to the University by the prominent Adelaide businessman Joseph Fisher in 1903. The Lectures address a wide range of Australian economic issues, in addition to some international economic issues of national significance. They have stood the test of time extremely well, while also providing a reminder of the events and concerns that were prominent at different times during the past century"--Publisher's description
    Note: "This two-volume collection brings together the first 48 Joseph Fisher lectures in economics and commerce, presented at the Adelaide University every other year since 1904"--Preface , Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF title pages , Volume 1 ; 1904 -1954 -- ; List of lectures in volume 2 (1956-2009) -- ; Contributors to opening chapters -- ; The benefactor Joseph Fisher -- ; Extract from Joseph Fisher -- A Pioneer Colonist , Volume 2 ; 1956 -- 2012 -- ; The benefactor Joseph Fisher -- ; Extract from Joseph Fisher -- A Pioneer Colonist , The lectures , The lecturers , 1904 -- Commercial education , 1906 -- Commercial character , 1908 -- The influence of commerce on civilization , 1910 -- Banking as a factor in the development of trade and commerce , 1912 -- Australian company law, and some sidelights on modern commerce , 1914 -- Problems of transportation, and their relation to Australian trade and commerce , 1917 -- War finance: Loans, paper money and taxation , 1919 -- The humanizing of commerce and industry , 1921 -- Currency and prices in Australia , 1923 -- Money, credit and exchange , 1925 -- The Guilds , 1927 -- The financial and economic position of Australia , 1929 -- Public finance in relation to commerce , 1930 -- Current problems in international finance , 1932 -- Australia's share in international recovery , 1934 -- Gold standard or goods standard , 1936 -- Some economic effects of the Australian tariff , 1938 -- Australian economic progress against a world background , 1940 -- Economic coordination , 1942 -- The Australian economy during War , 1942 -- Problems of a high employment economy , 1946 -- Necessary principles for satisfactory agricultural development in Australia , 1948 -- The importance of the iron and steel industry , 1950 -- The economic consequences of scientific research , 1952 -- Australian agricultural policy , 1954 -- The economics of Federal-State finance , The Lectures , The lecturers , 1956 -- Japan and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , 1958 -- National superannuation: Means test or contributions? , 1960 -- Mass entertainment: The origins of a modern industry , 1962 -- Industrial research and economic growth in Australia , 1964 -- Australian foreign aid policy , 1967 -- Australian tariff policy , 1969 -- Balancing external payments , 1971 -- Income inflation in Australia , 1974 -- Political economy and the problems of our times: In defence of general economics , 1976 -- Comparing the Industries Assistance Commission and Jackson Committee approaches to industrial development , 1978 -- Australian economics, 1967 to 1977 , 1981 -- Work and welfare in the years ahead , 1985 -- Japan faces affluence , 1986 -- What do we really know about monetary policy? , 1988 -- Pacific challenges to the United States , 1993 -- How convincing is the evidence linking education and income? , 1994 -- The role of the NAFTA debate in US trade policy , 1995 -- Protection and liberalization in Australia and abroad , 1996 -- Population, food and trade , 1997 -- Strengthening intellectual property rights in Asia: Implications for Australia , 1999 -- Human behaviour and the transmission of infectious disease: An economist's perspective , 2001- Public policy and higher education , 2002 -- The role of natural resources in economic development , 2003 -- Globalization , 2006 -- Paying for the past: Economics, cultural heritage, and public policy , 2008 -- Globalization and the Great Divergence in the long run , 2009 -- Globalization and the environment , 2010 -- Exploring the mysteries of trends and bubbles , 2011 -- Can Asia grow fast on its own? The economics of the dynamic middle , 2012 -- Multinational corporations and development: Changing perceptions
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4870
    Parallel Title: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Professional services and development
    Keywords: Professional education ; Professions ; Professional education ; Professions
    Abstract: "Professional skills are scarce in Mozambique, even by the standards of low-income countries. The solution, however, is not necessarily to create more Mozambican training institutions but to address market-specific problems. Where skills are already the binding constraint (for example, in auditing and engineering), policy action is indeed needed to remedy supply-side problems: capital market imperfections that inhibit investment in training institutions by entrepreneurs and in education by individuals; weakness in upstream school education, which handicaps Mozambican students in their pursuit of higher education; inadequacies in professional education and training, including curricula not attuned to industry needs; and a fragmentation of the regional education market by regulatory and language differences that prevent the emergence of regional institutions that can exploit economies of scale.Where skills may be limited but are not yet the binding constraint, the priority is to stimulate demand for appropriate skills. In this respect, the emergence of professional guilds offers opportunities, but also creates risks. The guilds can design, with government support, a regulatory framework, for example, in accounting and basic engineering, which is more attuned to the needs of Mozambican firms. They can also help make firms more aware of the benefits of professional help, for example, in accounting and information technology. The risk is that guilds will create unnecessary regulatory barriers to entry, particularly for foreign or foreign-trained professionals. Greater coherence between policies affecting professional services and international migration policy can help deal with both supply-side and demand-side problems. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4865
    Parallel Title: Lloyd, P. J Global distortions to agricultural markets
    Keywords: Agricultural prices ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and state ; Agricultural prices ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Agriculture and state
    Abstract: "Despite recent reforms, world agricultural markets remain highly distorted by government policies. Traditional indicators of those price distortions can be poor guides to the policies' economic effects. Recent theoretical literature provides indicators of trade and welfare-reducing effects of price and trade policies which this paper builds on to develop more-satisfactory indexes. The authors exploit a new Agricultural Distortion database to generate estimates of them for developing and high-income countries over the past half century. These better approximations of the trade and welfare effects of sector policies are generated without a formal model of global markets or even price elasticity estimates. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4864
    Parallel Title: Lloyd, P. J How do agricultural policy restrictions to global trade and welfare differ across commodities ?
    Keywords: Agricultural subsidies ; Agriculture and state ; Agricultural subsidies ; Agriculture and state
    Abstract: "For decades the world's agricultural markets have been highly distorted by national government policies, but very differently for different commodities. Hence a weighted average across countries of nominal rates of assistance or consumer tax equivalents for a product can be misleading as an indicator of the trade or welfare effects of policies affecting that product's global market. This is especially the case when some countries tax and others subsidize its production or consumption. This article develops a new set of more-satisfactory indicators for that purpose, drawing on the recent literature on trade restrictiveness indexes. It then exploits a global agricultural distortions database recently compiled by the World Bank to generate the first set of estimates of those two indicators for each of 28 key agricultural commodities from 1960 to 2004, based on a sample of 75 countries that together account for more than three-quarters of the world's production of those agricultural commodities. These reveal the considerable extent of reforms in agricultural policies of developing as well as high-income countries over the past two decades. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4917
    Parallel Title: Borchert, Ingo The crisis-resilience of services trade
    Keywords: Service industries ; Service industries
    Abstract: "Much attention has focused on the impact of the current crisis on goods trade; hardly any on its impact on services trade. Using new trade data from the United States, and more aggregate data from other OECD countries, the authors show that services trade is weathering the current crisis much better than goods trade. As of February 2009, the value of US goods imports had declined year-on-year by 33 percent and the value of goods exports by 21 percent; services imports and exports each had declined by less than 7 percent. Within services, interesting patterns are emerging. Trade in goods-related transport services and crisis-related financial services has shrunk, as has expenditure on tourism abroad. But trade in a range of business, professional, and technical services is still increasing, with US exports growing even faster (at 10 percent) than US imports (at 7 percent). Developing countries like India, which are relatively specialized in business process outsourcing and information technology services, have suffered much smaller declines in total exports to the United States than countries like Brazil and China and regions like Africa, which are specialized in exports of goods, transport services, or tourism services. On the basis of new evidence from Indian services exporters, the authors suggest that services trade is buoyant relative to goods trade for two reasons: demand for a range of traded services is less cyclical, and services trade and production are less dependent on external finance. Even though few explicitly protectionist measures have so far been taken in services, the changing political climate and the widening boundaries of the state in crisis countries may introduce a national bias in firms' procurement and location choices. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4903
    Parallel Title: Gootiiz, Batshur Services in Doha
    Keywords: Service industries ; Service industries
    Abstract: "Services trade reform matters, but what is Doha doing about it? It has been hard to judge, because of the opaqueness of services policies and the opaqueness of the request-offer negotiating process. This paper attempts to assess what is on the table. It presents the results of the first survey of applied trade policies in the major services sectors of 56 industrial and developing countries. These policies are then compared with these countries' Uruguay Round commitments in services and the best offers that they have made in the current Doha negotiations. The paper finds that at this stage, Doha promises greater security of access to markets but not any additional liberalization. Uruguay Round commitments are on average 2.3 times more restrictive than current policies. The best offers submitted so far as part of the Doha negotiations improve on Uruguay Round commitments by about 13 percent but remain on average 1.9 times more restrictive than actual policies. The World Trade Organization's Hong Kong Ministerial had set out ambitious goals for services but the analysis here shows that much remains to be done to achieve them. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4672
    Parallel Title: Martin, Will The Doha development agenda
    Keywords: Foreign trade regulation ; Foreign trade regulation
    Abstract: "The outlines of a potential agreement, emerging after seven years of negotiations, imply that Doha offers three key benefits: reduced uncertainty of market access in goods and services; improved market access in agriculture and manufacturing; and the mobilization of resources to deal with the trade problems of least developed countries. WTO Members have offered to make large reductions in legally bound levels of protection in goods and services. The reductions in currently applied levels of protection are smaller. For the least developed countries, the proposed "duty free and quota free" access will only add significantly to their access under existing preferential access arrangements if industrial and developing country members include vital tariff lines. The initiatives on trade facilitation and aid for trade can play a valuable catalytic role in promoting reform and mobilizing assistance, but substantial effort is still needed to translate notional benefits into actual gain. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/20/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4735
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Multilateralism beyond Doha
    Keywords: International economic relations ; International economic relations
    Abstract: "There is a fundamental shift taking place in the world economy to which the multilateral trading system has failed to adapt. The Doha process focused on issues of limited significance while the burning issues of the day were not even on the negotiating agenda. This paper advances five propositions: (i) the traditional negotiating dynamic, driven by private sector interests largely in the rich countries, is running out of steam; (ii) the world economy is moving broadly from conditions of relative abundance to relative scarcity, and so economic security has become a paramount concern for consumers, workers, and ordinary citizens; (iii) international economic integration can contribute to enhanced security; (iv) addressing these new concerns - relating to food, energy, and economic security - requires a wider agenda of multilateral cooperation, involving not just the WTO but other multilateral institutions; and (v) despite shifts in economic power across countries, the commonality of interests and scope for give-and-take on these new issues make multilateral cooperation worth attempting. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Also available in print.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3917
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Recent and prospective adoption of genetically modified cotton
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Cotton trade ; Transgenic plants ; Cotton trade ; Transgenic plants
    Abstract: "The authors provide estimates of the economic impact of initial adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton and of its potential impacts beyond the few countries where it is currently common. They use the latest version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and model. The results suggest that by following the lead of China and South Africa, adoption of GM cotton varieties by other developing countries-especially in Sub-Saharan Africa-could provide even larger proportionate gains to farmer and national welfare than in those first-adopting countries. Furthermore, the estimated gains are shown to exceed those from a successful campaign under the World Trade Organization's Doha Development Agenda to reduce and remove cotton subsidies and import tariffs globally. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3920
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Resolution of failed banks by deposit insurers
    Keywords: Bank failures ; Deposit insurance ; Bank failures ; Deposit insurance
    Abstract: "There is a wide cross-country variation in the institutional structure of bank failure resolution, including the role of the deposit insurer. The authors use quantitative analysis for 57 countries and discuss specific country cases to illustrate this variation. Using data for over 1,700 banks across 57 countries, they show that banks in countries where the deposit insurer has the responsibility of intervening failed banks and the power to revoke membership in the deposit insurance scheme are more stable and less likely to become insolvent. Involvement of the deposit insurer in bank failure resolution thus dampens the negative effect that deposit insurance has on banks' risk taking. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3938
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Creating a more efficient financial system
    Keywords: Banks and banking Government policy ; Finance ; Banks and banking Government policy ; Finance
    Abstract: "While Bangladesh has embarked on a path to reform its financial system, most prominently by privatizing its government-owned banks, the Nationalized Commercial Banks (NCBs), a sustainable long-term expansion of the financial system requires a more substantial change in the role of government. Using recent research and international comparisons, this paper argues that the government should move from its role as an operator and arbiter in the financial system to a facilitator role. This implies not only divestment from government-owned banks, but also de-politicization of the licensing process and a market-based bank failure resolution framework that focuses on intermediation and not on the rescue of individual institutions. Most important, the government should move away from the implicit guarantee for depositors and owners to applying the existing limited explicit deposit insurance for depositors, while simultaneously relying more on market participants to monitor and discipline banks instead of micro-managing financial institutions. This redefinition of government's role should not be limited to the banking system, but applies to other segments of the financial system, such as capital markets and the micro-finance sector, and should be seen as an essential element in the governance reform agenda and in the movement from a relationship-based economy to a market and arms-length economy. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/30/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3918
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym The world trade organization's Doha cotton initiative
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Cotton trade ; Cotton trade
    Abstract: "Four West African nations have demanded that the World Trade Organization's Doha Development Agenda include a Cotton Initiative that involves two issues: cutting cotton subsidies and tariffs, and assisting farm productivity growth in Africa. The authors provide estimates of the potential economic impacts of (1) complete or partial removal of cotton subsidies and import tariffs globally, and (2) cotton productivity growth through the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton varieties. They use the latest version of the GTAP database and model. Their results confirm that-unlike for other agricultural subsidies and tariffs-for cotton it is subsidy reductions rather than tariff cuts that would make by far the largest impact. For Sub-Saharan Africa the potential gains are huge relative to the effects on that region of reforming other merchandise trade policies. And they could be more than doubled if that reform provided the cash for farmers to take advantage of the biotechnology revolution and adopt GM cotton varieties. But those potential gains, and the affordability of switching to costly GM seed, depend crucially on the extent to which high-income countries are willing to lower domestic support to their cotton farmers. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3900
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym The relative importance of global agricultural subsidies and market access
    Keywords: Agricultural subsidies ; Tariff ; Agricultural subsidies ; Tariff
    Abstract: "The claim by global trade modelers that the potential contribution to global economic welfare of removing agricultural subsidies is less than one-tenth of that from removing agricultural tariffs puzzles many observers. To help explain that result, the authors first compare the OECD and model-based estimates of the extent of the producer distortions (leaving aside consumer distortions), and show that 75 percent of total support is provided by market access barriers when account is taken of all forms of support to farmers and to agricultural processors globally, and only 19 percent to domestic farm subsidies. Then the authors provide a back-of-the-envelope (BOTE) calculation of the welfare cost of those distortions. Assuming unitary supply and demand elasticities, that BOTE analysis suggests 86 percent of the welfare cost is due to tariffs and only 6 percent to domestic farm subsidies. When the higher costs associated with the greater variability of trade measures relative to domestic support are accounted for, the BOTE estimate of the latter's share falls to 4 percent. This is close to the 5 percent generated by the most commonly used global model (GTAP) and reported in the paper's final section. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3828
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Can guest worker schemes reduce illegal migration ?
    Keywords: Emigration and immigration law ; Foreign workers ; Emigration and immigration law ; Foreign workers
    Abstract: "The authors analyze recent efforts at international cooperation to limit illegal migration, particularly through the use of legal migration avenues like guest worker schemes. They show that while guest worker schemes may be desirable as an avenue of international migration, they are an inefficient instrument to induce cooperation on illegal migration. On the one hand, guest worker schemes suffer from a negative selection problem relative to illegal migration, which tends to erode their attractiveness to source countries. On the other hand, guest worker schemes increase total (legal and illegal) migration which make them a costly compensating device for the host country. Moreover, guest worker schemes create additional pressure on host countries to implement tough laws against illegal immigration even when the host finds such laws undesirable. Thus, less favorable treatment of illegal immigrants, as in California Proposition 187, may be an inevitable rather than incidental outcome of reliance on guest worker schemes. In contrast, countries that are willing to use transfers and other forms of economic assistance to induce source countries to cooperate can afford relatively liberal treatment of illegal immigrants. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/26/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3901
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Do global trade distortions still harm developing country farmers ?
    Keywords: Farm income ; Free trade ; Globalization ; Rural poor ; Farm income ; Free trade ; Globalization ; Rural poor
    Abstract: "The authors estimate the impact of global merchandise trade distortions and services regulations on agricultural value added in various countries. Using the latest versions of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and the GTAP-AGR model of the global economy, their results suggest real net farm incomes would rise in developing countries with a move to free trade, thereby alleviating rural poverty. This occurs despite a terms of trade deterioration for developing countries that are net food importers or that enjoy preferential access to agricultural markets of high-income countries. The authors also show, for several large developing countries, the contribution of their own versus other countries' trade policies. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/24/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3856
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Creating an efficient financial system
    Keywords: Capital market ; Financial services industry ; Globalization ; Capital market ; Financial services industry ; Globalization
    Abstract: "Financial sector development fosters economic growth and reduces poverty by widening and broadening access to finance and allocating society's savings more efficiently. The author first discusses three pillars on which sound and efficient financial systems are built: macroeconomic stability and effective and reliable contractual and informational frameworks. He then describes three different approaches to government involvement in the financial sector: the laissez-faire view, the market-failure view and the market-enabling view. Finally, the author analyzes the sequencing of financial sector reforms and discusses the benefits and challenges that emerging markets face when opening their financial systems to international capital markets. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 17
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3848
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Doha merchandise trade reform
    Keywords: Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences
    Abstract: "This paper provides new estimates of the global gains from multilateral trade reform and their distribution among developing countries in the presence of trade preferences. Particular attention is given to agriculture, as farmers constitute the poorest households in developing countries but are the most assisted in rich countries. The latest GTAP database (Version 6.05) and the LINKAGE model of the global economy are used to examine the impact first of current merchandise trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and then of possible reform outcomes from the WTO's Doha Development Agenda. The results suggest moving to free global merchandise trade would boost real incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa proportionately more than in other developing countries or high-income countries, despite a terms of trade loss in parts of that region. Net farm incomes would rise substantially in that and other developing country regions, thereby alleviating rural poverty. A Doha partial liberalization could move the world some way toward those desirable outcomes, but more so the more developing countries themselves cut applied tariffs, particularly on agricultural imports. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Also available in print.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3754
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Reaching out
    Keywords: Banks and banking, International ; Banks and banking, International
    Abstract: "The authors (1) present new indicators of banking sector penetration across 99 countries based on a survey of bank regulatory authorities, (2) show that these indicators predict household and firm use of banking services, (3) explore the association between the outreach indicators and measures of financial, institutional, and infrastructure development across countries, and (4) relate these banking outreach indicators to measures of firms' financing constraints. In particular, they find that greater outreach is correlated with standard measures of financial development, as well as with economic activity. Controlling for these factors, the authors find that better communication and transport infrastructure and better governance are also associated with greater outreach. Government ownership of financial institutions translates into lower access, while more concentrated banking systems are associated with greater outreach. Finally, firms in countries with higher branch and ATM penetration and higher use of loan services report lower financing obstacles, thus linking banking sector outreach to the alleviation of firms' financing constraints. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 10/26/2005 , Also available in print.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3736
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Distortions to world trade
    Keywords: Agriculture Economic aspects ; Farm produce ; International trade ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Farm produce ; International trade
    Abstract: "The authors provide estimates of the impact that removing all merchandise trade distortions (including agricultural subsidies) would have on food and agricultural production, trade, and incomes. Using the latest versions of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database and the World Bank's LINKAGE model of the global economy (projected to 2015), their results suggest farm employment, the real value of agricultural output and exports, the real returns to farm land and unskilled labor, and real net farm incomes would all rise substantially in developing country regions with a move to free merchandise trade, thereby alleviating rural poverty-despite the decline in international terms of trade for developing countries that are net food importers or are enjoying preferential access to agricultural markets of high-income countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/30/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3511
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Bank privatization and performance
    Keywords: Banks and banking History 20th century ; Privatization History 20th century ; Banks and banking History 20th century ; Privatization History 20th century
    Abstract: "Beck, Cull, and Jerome assess the effect of privatization on performance in a panel of Nigerian banks for the period 1990--2001. They find evidence of performance improvement in nine banks that were privatized, which is remarkable given the inhospitable environment for true financial intermediation. Their results also suggest negative effects of the continuing minority government ownership on the performance of many Nigerian banks. The authors' results complement aggregate indications of decreasing financial intermediation over the 1990s. Banks that focused on investment in government bonds and non-lending activities enjoyed a relatively higher performance. This paper--a product of the Finance Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to study the effects of bank privatization in developing countries"--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/9/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3657
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten Institution building and growth in transition economies
    Keywords: Financial institutions ; Financial institutions ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; Financial institutions ; Financial institutions ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; Post-communism Economic aspects ; Asia, Central Economic conditions 1991- ; Europe, Eastern Economic conditions 1989- ; Asia, Central Economic conditions 1991- ; Europe, Eastern Economic conditions 1989-
    Abstract: "Drawing on the recent literature on economic institutions and the origins of economic development, the authors offer a political economy explanation of why institution building has varied so much across transition economies. They identify dependence on natural resources and the historical experience of these countries during socialism as major determinants of institution building during transition by influencing the political structure and process during the initial years. Their empirical analysis shows that countries that are more reliant on natural resources and spent a longer time under socialist governments are more likely to see former communists remain in power and to start the transition process with less open political systems, with negative repercussions for the development of market-compatible institutions. Using natural resource reliance and the years under socialism to extract the exogenous component of institution building, the authors also show the importance of institutions in explaining the variation in economic development and growth across transition economies during the first decade of transition. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/19/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3485
    Parallel Title: Available in another form Finance, firm size, and growth
    Keywords: Big business Case studies ; Economic development Case studies ; Industries Case studies ; Small business Case studies ; Big business Case studies ; Economic development Case studies ; Industries Case studies ; Small business Case studies
    Abstract: "The authors examine whether financial development boosts the growth of small firms more than large firms and hence provides information on the mechanisms through which financial development fosters aggregate economic growth. They define an industry's technological firm size as the firm size implied by industrial specific production technologies, including capital intensities and scale economies. Using cross-industry, cross-country data, the results indicate that financial development exerts a disproportionately large effect on the growth of industries that are technologically more dependent on small firms. This suggests that financial development accelerates economic growth by removing growth constraints on small firms and also implies that financial development has sectoral as well as aggregate growth ramifications. This paper--a product of the Finance Group, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the growth finance link"--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/21/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3616
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Would multilateral trade reform benefit Sub-Saharan Africans?
    Keywords: Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Free trade ; Tariff preferences ; Africa, Sub-Saharan Economic conditions ; Africa, Sub-Saharan Economic conditions
    Abstract: "This paper examines whether the Sub-Saharan African economies could gain from multilateral trade reform in the presence of trade preferences. The World Bank's LINKAGE model of the global economy is employed to examine the impact first of current trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and then of possible outcomes from the WTO's Doha round. The results suggest moving to free global merchandise trade would boost real incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa proportionately more than in other developing countries or in high-income countries, despite a terms of trade loss in parts of the region. Farm employment and output, the real value of agricultural and food exports, the real returns to farm land and unskilled labor, and real net farm incomes would all rise in the region, thereby alleviating poverty. A Doha partial liberalization of both agricultural and nonagricultural trade could significantly benefit the region. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 6/2/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3560
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Setting the trade policy agenda
    Keywords: Commercial policy ; Economists ; Government economists ; Commercial policy ; Economists ; Government economists
    Abstract: "Economists have influenced the trade policy agenda for establishing multilateral trade rules, disciplines, and procedures, and for negotiating most-favored nation and preferential reductions in trade barriers and subsidies, in addition to affecting the agenda for unilateral policy reform. These roles are considered in turn, before focusing on the economists' contribution through quantifying the extent and effects of existing trade distortions and alternative reform initiatives. Many trade distortions remain, however, so the author looks at where trade economists' efforts in agenda-setting need to be focused in the years ahead. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/26/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3607
    Parallel Title: Anderson, Kym Agricultural trade reform and the Doha development agenda
    RVK:
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; Doha Development Agenda ; Doha Development Agenda ; Agricultural subsidies ; Free trade ; Tariff ; Agricultural subsidies ; Free trade ; Tariff
    Abstract: "Anderson and Martin examine the extent to which various regions, and the world as a whole, could gain from multilateral trade reform over the next decade. They use the World Bank's linkage model of the global economy to examine the impact first of current trade barriers and agricultural subsidies, and then of possible outcomes from the World Trade Organization's Doha round. The results suggest moving to free global merchandise trade would boost real incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia (and in Cairns Group countries) proportionately more than in other developing countries or high-income countries. Real returns to farm land and unskilled labor and real net farm incomes would rise substantially in those developing country regions, thereby alleviating poverty. A Doha partial liberalization could take the world some way toward those desirable outcomes, but more so the more agricultural subsidies are disciplined and applied tariffs are cut. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/13/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3718
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Services in a development round
    Keywords: World Trade Organization ; World Trade Organization ; International trade ; Labor mobility ; Service industries Government policy ; International trade ; Labor mobility ; Service industries Government policy
    Abstract: "The benefits of services trade reform are huge but services negotiations in the World Trade Organization (WTO) are making little progress. A proximate cause is the current negotiating process, based on an inertial request-and-offer approach rather than a set of goals that would give direction and momentum to the negotiations. The paper suggests that WTO members should consider: (1) locking in the current openness of cross-border trade for a wide range of services; (2) eliminating barriers to foreign investment either immediately or in a phased manner where regulatory inadequacies need to be remedied; and (3) allowing greater freedom of international movement at least for intra-corporate transferees and for service providers to fulfill specific services contracts. A deeper problem is that WTO members have sought to negotiate market access in services without adequately addressing concerns that the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) commitments limit regulatory freedom unduly and unpredictably, that regulatory institutions in many countries are too weak to cope with liberalized markets, and that there is no provision for the regulatory cooperation that is necessary for successful liberalization, particularly of temporary labor mobility. Three types of actions are needed: (1) at the current stage of its development, the GATS must focus primarily on disciplines for measures that discriminate against foreign services and providers, rather than on politically sensitive and legally complex rules for nondiscriminatory measures; (2) a credible assistance mechanism must be established to help developing countries make the regulatory improvements needed for successful liberalization; and (3) where necessary, WTO members should make access commitments on labor mobility conditional on the fulfillment of specific conditions by source countries-to screen services providers, accept and facilitate their return, and combat illegal migration. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 9/16/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3619
    Parallel Title: Beck, Thorsten State bank transformation in Brazil
    Keywords: Banks and banking Government policy ; Banks and banking Government policy
    Abstract: "The authors analyze the different options-liquidation, federalization, privatization, and restructuring-that the Brazilian state government had for the transformation of state banks under the Programa de Incentivo á Redu袯 do Setor Público Estadual na Atividade Bancária (PROES) in the late 1990s. Specifically, they explore the factors behind the states' choices and the effects of the transformation process on bank performance and efficiency. The authors find that states that were more dependent on federal transfers, whose banks were already under federal intervention and that established development agencies were more likely to relinquish control over their banks and transformation processes. They also find that privatized banks had improved performance, while restructured banks did not. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 6/2/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3667
    Parallel Title: Mattoo, Aaditya Does health insurance impede trade in health care services?
    Keywords: Health insurance ; Health insurance ; Medical care ; Medical care ; Health insurance ; Health insurance ; Medical care ; Medical care
    Abstract: "There is limited trade in health services despite big differences in the price of health care across countries. Whether patients travel abroad for health care depends on the coverage of treatments by their health insurance plan. Under existing health insurance contracts, the gains from trade are not fully internalized by the consumer. The result is a strong "local-market bias" in the consumption of health care. A simple modification of existing insurance products can create sufficient incentives for consumers to travel. For just 15 highly tradable, low-risk treatments, the annual savings to the United States would be
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/15/2005 , Also available in print.
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