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  • 2014  (9,804)
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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Notes on ‘Organic IP’ & Underground Publishing: Alternative Book Worlds in Latin America (2014)
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    In:  Anthropology today : AT (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-540X
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Anthropology today : AT
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Wiley
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 390
    Abstract: This is the author's accepted manuscript. The full published version is available electronically from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-8322.12133/full. The print book today, far from being dead, is an ‘old’ medium being made anew. In Latin America – a context virtually invisible in book studies – the remaking of the print book is most evident in the explosion of small alternative presses that have multiplied over the last two decades, accompanying a massive wave of popular mobilizations. Alternative presses are contributing to a remaking of the print book, materially and politically, as a tool for theorizing and promoting emergent political practices among autonomous and anti-capitalist movements. The presses – which are part of a broader trend of alternative political-economic projects aimed at developing non-capitalist modes of production and social relations – produce books that are not intended to be commercial products and that are meant to be as open and accessible as possible. In this article I argue that the alternative copyright practices deployed by these presses contribute to a reconceptualization of the print book – as well as its ‘digital alter egos’ – as an open and ongoing process, rather than a private and bound object. The article first analyzes the range of intellectual property (IP) practices present at an alternative book fair in Buenos Aires, before following the varied IP approaches that accompany two specific titles as they travel across the continent, being re-edited and re-printed in different countries. In doing so, I argue that what these underground worlds of political books reveal is not the existence or consolidation of alternative IP models or institutions, but rather what could perhaps be called ‘organic IP’, which disperses modes of attribution through decentralized practices of production, distribution, and consumption.
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-8322.12133
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/16683
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 2
    Article
    Article
    Music and landscape: two tales of borehole drilling in the Karoo (2014)
    In:  Cultural geographies Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 713
    Details
    ISSN: 1474-4740
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cultural geographies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 713
    DDC: 910
    Abstract: In this contribution I juxtapose two tales of borehole drilling in the Karoo in order to reflect on the relationship between music, landscape, history and everyday life. The first narrative is based on British colonial hydraulic engineering in the Karoo, and the second is an ethnographic portrait of borehole driller and concertinist Theo Slabbert. When landscape is considered vertically, different categories emerge for delving into the unruly, omnidirectional correlation between music and landscape. Here I focus on 'residue', 'grain', and, when the two narratives collide, 'reverberation'.
    DOI: 10.1177/1474474014542747
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1717359246
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Voicing passion: The emotional economy of songwriting (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 050
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414563298
    URL: Volltext
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 4
    Article
    Article
    Dans Le Noir? Eating in the dark: sensation and conviviality in a lightless place (2014)
    In:  Cultural geographies Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 601
    Details
    ISSN: 1474-4740
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cultural geographies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 601
    DDC: 910
    Abstract: Drawing on ethnographic interviews with customers, this paper looks at the experience of dining at Dans le Noir?, a restaurant in London where eating is carried out in complete darkness. As an exemplary gastro-tourist site within the expanding leisure economy at which sensory alterity is sought, we argue that the transformation of the usual unreflexive habits of sensing while dining offer opportunities to encounter difference and reflect upon our culturally located ways of sensing the world. In focusing upon the altered experience of apprehending space, eating and socialising in the absence of light, we contend that this dining experience offers broader suggestions about how we might reconsider the qualities and potentialities of darkness, a condition which has been historically feared and reviled in the west.
    DOI: 10.1177/1474474014534814
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1717359410
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 5
    Article
    Article
    State Regulation of Undocumented African Migrants in China: A Multi-scalar Analysis (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614531903
    URL: Volltext
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 6
    Article
    Article
    The Cornucopia of Signification: Moving Beyond Food Identity Toward Food Democracy (2014)
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    In:  Food, culture & society : an international journal of multidisciplinary research Vol. 17, No. 4 (2014), p. 629-639
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-8014
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Food, culture & society : an international journal of multidisciplinary research
    Publ. der Quelle: Abington : Routledge, Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, No. 4 (2014), p. 629-639
    DDC: 630
    DOI: 10.2752/175174414X14006746101556
    URL: Volltext
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 7
    Article
    Article
    Labour and Passion. Introduction to themed section (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies Vol. 18, No. 2 (2014), p. 111-116
    Details
    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 18, No. 2 (2014), p. 111-116
    DDC: 050
    Abstract: In this introduction to the themed section on ‘Labour and passion’, it is argued that work has bled into all areas of life. Political economists and media production researchers have shown how both paid and unpaid labour are singularly important and build upon one another. The set of articles presented here is the precursor to a general issue on Media and Passion (to be published later). It is the result of the same invitation. The articles can be seen to show how neo-liberalism may have convinced us that work is the ultimate definer of individual identity but that this invitation is meaningless without the energy of passion, emotion and affect. The articles in the themed section address creative work generally, song-writing and self-help guides for those seeking work. The link between cultural studies and political economy is re-established. Wrestling last but not least proves the ultimate example that paid labour and free labour can both be a labour of love. Without the passionate involvement of sportsmen, organizers and audience members, it would not exist.
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414563301
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11245/1.444476
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  • 8
    Article
    Article
    Laugh through it: Assembling difference in an American stand-up comedy club (2014)
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    In:  Ethnography (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 1466-1381
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Ethnography
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 390
    DOI: 10.1177/1466138114534336
    URL: Volltext
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 9
    Article
    Article
    Scandals, Media and Good Governance in China and Kenya (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614528865
    URL: Volltext
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 10
    Article
    Article
    Understanding Marikana Through The Mpondo Revolts (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 412
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 412
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614531892
    URL: Volltext
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  • 11
    Article
    Article
    Hazard Rates of Child Mortality in Tanzania: Investigation from THMIS 2007-2008 (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614533312
    URL: Volltext
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    OLC Ethnologie
  • 12
    Article
    Article
    Trans-disciplinary research and strategic urban expansion planning in a context of weak institutional capacity: Case study of Huambo, Angola (2014)
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    In:  Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-3975
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 330
    DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.10.006
    URL: Volltext
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  • 13
    Article
    Article
    Between activism and the academy: The urban as political terrain (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 2072
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 2072
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: A growing consensus suggests that urban scholarship can benefit from engaging with knowledge in multiple sites in and beyond the academy, for instance with activism central to politics in cities worldwide. This paper explores narratives of urban politics produced with activists to reflect on how we account for knowledge and practice in theorising the urban as political terrain. Research conducted with activists in a community-based 'Civic' organisation in Cape Town, South Africa highlights the everyday toil that shapes resistance and its politics, the frictions and engagements behind protest headlines. In opening up theorisations of activism and revolution to the knowledge practices of movements, the paper argues we may more cogently take account of the strategic and intimate politics that characterise contemporary activism, and reshape notions of 'revolution', urban politics and research practice in contemporary cities, a project broadly relevant in the Global South and North.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098013515942
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697023541
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  • 14
    Article
    Article
    Reading between the lines: Gentrification tendencies and issues of urban fear in the midst of Athens' crisis (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1631
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1631
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: In gentrifying places the middle classes come into conflict with the pre-existing spatial and social structures, as they challenge the existing order in order to impose their sense of betterment. In times of crisis, spatial contests are confronted with fears which are related to broader feelings of anxiety that turn against the unwanted 'other'. This paper drives attention to the feelings of fear that arise in the gentrifiers' perceptions of quotidian life in times of high liquidity in an Athenian inner city neighbourhood. The way gentrification dynamics enmesh with urban fears may provide us with more insights into the conquest of space by the middle classes, thus broadening the scope of gentrification in the context of the current crisis.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014538680
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684588315
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  • 15
    Article
    Article
    Structure and imagination of changing cities: Manchester, Liverpool and the spatial in-between (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1647
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1647
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The emergence of new urban configurations - marked by enlarged scale, polycentrism and strong cities - often conflicts with the settled institutions of the 'old' city, with its hierarchical, centripetal development model. This model is challenged through the autonomous locational decisions of commercial and private actors, and sometimes through planning initiatives that aim to establish new planning spaces adapting to this new spatial reality, but despite this ongoing challenge, traditional conceptions of cities seem to prevail. This article offers a sociological-institutional approach to analysing how the institutions of the 'old' city are challenged, looking at the role of symbolic markers in planning strategies as an explanation for the institutional activation of new perceptions of the changing city. The urbanised zone of the Manchester and Liverpool city regions in the UK - where a massive investment strategy by a private-sector company has presented a new vision that challenges the entrenched positions of the two core cities - provides an excellent case study for investigating how symbolic markers spark a conflict over the meaning of two city regions that are closely linked but have thus far worked in isolation. The degree to which the meaning of existing institutions is reflected in the strategy is crucial for the success potential of establishing new governance spaces.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014539021
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684588466
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  • 16
    Article
    Article
    Rainbow belt: Singapore's gay Chinatown as a Lefebvrian space (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 12 (2014), p. 2203
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 12 (2014), p. 2203
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Since the mid-1990s, Singapore's Chinatown has been serving as the country's de facto gay district. Gay businesses thrive in one of Singapore's most socially conservative neighbourhoods, because the state allows relative free rein on the usage of preserved buildings after conserving the ethnic enclave as a bastion of Chineseness. Invoking Lefebvrian spatial concepts, I argue that the uneasy interface between moral conservatism and economic neoliberalism opened up intersticial spaces of business opportunities. Gay entrepreneurs took advantage of these spaces and their thriving businesses became the cluster today. I further maintain that as spaces of social interactions for gay men and lesbians, these enterprises help develop Singaporean queer identities. Yet, they simultaneously retard the country's nascent LGBT rights movement by remaining largely closeted. By granting access to privatised consumption without challenging the heteronormative status quo of Singaporean society, gay Chinatown buttresses homonationalism (Kulick, 2009; Puar, 2007).
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014544761
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1702705391
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  • 17
    Article
    Article
    Producer service linkages and city connectivity in the mega-city region of China: A case study of the Pearl River Delta (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2458
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2458
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper examines the intra- and inter-firm producer service linkages and city connectivity of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), one of the fastest growing and globalising mega-city regions in China. The study reveals that the rapid growth of producer services in the recent two decades has emerged as a crucial contributor to the formation of the regional network that was previously shaped mainly by manufacturing activities. To provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of mega-city regions, a nexus between the literature on globalisation and mega-city regions and the studies on the service economy must be developed to consider not only intra-firm office connections, but also the linkages of producer services between different firms and economic sectors. Through a questionnaire survey covering 1020 producer service firms in three major PRD cities, we provide evidence that in a manner different from manufacturing activities, producer services linkages, both intra-firm and inter-firm, bind the cities into a hierarchical and localised regional system.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014544762
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1713609936
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  • 18
    Article
    Article
    Registered sex offenders and house prices: An hedonic analysis (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2425
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2425
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The sex offender registry system provides consumers with locations of registered sex offenders. This paper uses two methods to evaluate the impact of sex offender registries on house prices in Memphis. Using an hedonic spatial error model, we find that each additional sex offender in a one-mile radius results in a loss of about 2% of the property value and that a 10% increase in distance from the nearest sex offender increases value by about 0.17%. At the mean values of the independent variables we find a 7% loss of value within a one-mile radius and a 14% loss of value within a 0.1 mile radius.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014547368
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1713609808
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  • 19
    Article
    Article
    Comovement in Euro area housing prices: A fractional cointegration approach (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3123
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3123
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper analyses comovement in housing prices across the Euro area. We use techniques based on the concepts of fractional integration and cointegration. Our results indicate that all the individual log-real price indices display orders of integration which are above one, implying long memory in their corresponding growth rates. Further, looking at the cointegration relationships, we observe that the series for the Euro area is cointegrated with those of Belgium, Germany and France. Focusing on the individual countries, we find cointegration relationships between Belgium and Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands, Germany and Spain, Germany and Ireland, France and Spain, and Ireland and the Netherlands. Other bilateral cointegration relationships can either clearly be rejected or the results are ambiguous. Finally, prices in Germany seem to move in the opposite direction from other countries, which may be related to capital flows associated with current account imbalances. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/52/16/3123.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014555629
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732582418
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  • 20
    Article
    Article
    Location or design? Associations between neighbourhood location, built environment and walking (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1434
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1434
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: In examining the association between environmental exposures and walking, conducting research on a neighbourhood scale has been the dominant approach whereas the association of the regional-scale environment with behaviours has rarely been explored. Because regional location and neighbourhood built environment attributes are likely to be correlated, the findings in neighbourhood-scale studies may be biased. In contrast to existing literature, this study is based on the assumption that a neighbourhood's location may be associated with walking or physical activity and that this association may be separately identifiable from the influence of the neighbourhood built environment on behaviours. The findings indicated that residing in a highly urban location had a consistently positive association with walking and transportation-purpose physical activity when the neighbourhood built environment and individuals' socio-demographic factors were controlled. Meanwhile the inclusion of the neighbourhood location variable did not result in significant changes to the models for recreation-purpose activity.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014537691
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676785667
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  • 21
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    Article
    Rural development led by autonomous village land cooperatives: Its impact on sustainable China's urbanisation in high-density regions (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1395
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1395
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: As a main rural initiative, village land shareholding cooperatives spearhead non-agricultural development in the interest of rural communities, and thus participate in urbanisation. Nanhai, Guangdong, is a case in illustration. The institution of land shareholding cooperatives gives rise to unique compartmentalised industrialisation and fragmented urbanisation in the context of high population density and small-area autonomous villages. Village cooperatives are mutated from economic corporations to welfare organisations, prompted by the collapse of village enterprises. Being averse to investment for long-term productivity, village cooperatives indulge in extracting short-term land rents solely. Extracting land economic rents created by urbanisation, village cooperatives generate environmental and social equality problems. High-density low-income countries, especially in Asia, are facing a great challenge as fierce competition for limited urban land resources without effective governance often results in an unfavourable form of urbanisation. Sustainable compact urbanisation needs to strike a balance between local autonomy and urban integrity.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014534736
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676783960
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  • 22
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    Article
    Change in the social life of urban public spaces: The rise of mobile phones and women, and the decline of aloneness over 30 years (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1489
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1489
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This study illustrates that over the past 30 years, Americans have become less socially isolated while using public spaces. Based on content analysis of films from four public spaces over a 30-year period, the behaviour and characteristics of 143,593 people were coded. The most dramatic changes in the social life of urban public spaces have been an increase in the proportion of women and a corresponding increase in the tendency for men and women to spend time together in public. Despite the ubiquity of mobile phones, their rate of use in public is relatively small. Mobile phone users appear less often in spaces where there are more groups, and most often in spaces where people might otherwise be walking alone. This suggests that, when framed as a communication tool, mobile phone use is associated with reduced public isolation, although it is associated with an increased likelihood to linger and with time spent lingering in public. We argue that public spaces are an important component of the communication system that provides exposure to diverse messages, brings people into contact to discuss their needs and interests, and helps people recognise their commonalities and accept their differences. The increased tendency to spend time in groups while in public contrasts with evidence from other research that suggests a decline in American public life, and that mobile phones have increased social isolation in public spaces. The increase in group behaviour, women and lingering in public may have positive implications for engagement within the public sphere.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014534905
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676783491
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  • 23
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    Article
    Value struggles in the creative city: A People's Republic of Stokes Croft? (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 6 (2014), p. 1020
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 6 (2014), p. 1020
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: In this paper we explore the case of Stokes Croft, Bristol, UK, as a neighbourhood in a city which has appropriated the discourse of the creative industries from the bottom up in order to foster its regeneration against capital's art of rent. We show how Stokes Croft's self-branding as a cultural quarter has led to struggles over the creative and cultural commons thus produced, which we conceptualise as value struggles where localised value practices clash with capital's imposition of value. Our case study including two vignettes points both to the productivity of such value struggles in producing new value practices understood as commoning, as well as the limits of reproducing a common life in the face of existing financial and property regimes. Stokes Croft therefore serves as a case in point of the tragedy of the urban commons and points to potential ways of overcoming it.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014536239
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664814814
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  • 24
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    Learning from Las Vegas: Unions and post-industrial urbanisation (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1683
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1683
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Las Vegas is often portrayed as the apogee of postmodern urbanism, but we argue that you cannot understand Las Vegas without understanding the role of unions in the City's political economy. By focusing on the social relations surrounding workplace, class, and gender we highlight alternative versions of Las Vegas' history. The Culinary Union, a UNITE HERE local, has introduced new institutional forms and played an active role in the local growth coalition. They have set standards around work intensity, training, and job ladders. Highlighting the ability of the union to affect these issues contributes to a counter-narrative about the City which stresses the agency of labour to actively produce Las Vegas' cultural and economic landscapes. The postmodern narrative about Las Vegas hides these important lessons. Learning from Las Vegas can transform issues of signs and symbolism to issues of union organising and institutional structures in the post-industrial economy.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014536787
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  • 25
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    Article
    Discourse, institutional identities and intractable planning disputes: The case of Interstate I-710 (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1722
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1722
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This article argues that parties to planning disputes assume policy positions in concordance with institutional identities that are informed by reigning planning discourses. Building on the work of Kenneth Burke and its advancement through the perspective of positionality in socio-linguistics, a case study of the dispute around the completion of highway I-710 through South Pasadena, California, is used to illustrate how the potential for intractability increases when discourses are mutually reinforcing of a particular positionality. However, avenues to reconciliation can be found in exploiting constructive dispositions suggested by particular discourses in contingent discursive settings. The article ends by reinforcing that policy-makers pay increased attention to the discursive context of planning disputes.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014541159
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  • 26
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    Article
    The tension between choice and need in the housing of newcomers: A theoretical framework and an application on Scandinavian settlement policies (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 14 (2014), p. 2599
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 14 (2014), p. 2599
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The settlement and housing of refugees is high on the agenda in most European countries. This article develops a theoretical perspective on the housing provision of newly arrived migrants and applies it on the national discourses on settlement policies in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. The theoretical discussion focuses on the ambivalence between choice and need in housing policy, and between promoting demos and ethnos in integration policy. The empirical analysis takes its departure in these tensions and investigates the national discourses in terms of three potential arguments for restricting autonomy in the housing market precisely for newly arrived migrants: the legal status, resource and neighbourhood arguments. This frame of analysis makes it possible to interpret and understand the surprisingly strong differences in settlement policies between the three countries. We argue that our theoretical approach and analytical framework should be relevant for understanding national political discourses on settlement policy more generally.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014548137
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1721972459
    URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-25106
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  • 27
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    Article
    Municipal incorporation in the United States (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3160
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3160
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This article empirically examines the formation of municipalities in the USA. It traces change in unincorporated areas over decades to determine how basic dimensions of population heterogeneity affect the probability of municipal incorporation. The article also examines how state legislation on local government autonomy affect the probability of municipal incorporation. To guide the research, this article follows theory on local government boundary change and the Tiebout hypothesis -- literatures interested in the role of municipal fragmentation in tax-and-service differentials within metropolitan areas. Main findings are that income heterogeneity raises the probability of municipal incorporation and state restrictions on local government autonomy lower that probability. I present a boundaries-normalised data set that can be useful for research extensions. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/52/16/3160.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014556588
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  • 28
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    Article
    Going Dutch? The export of sustainable land-use and transport planning concepts from the Netherlands (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1558
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1558
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The Netherlands is often viewed as a world model of urban planning and sustainable transport practices. This article reports on a study which charts the planning policy transfer activity between the Netherlands and other countries. The study reveals that many foreign 'policy tourists' are impressed and inspired by Dutch planning achievements. However, policy transfer efforts based on Dutch examples of planning have rarely resulted in concrete actions or hard outcomes abroad. Contextual differences in culture, social setup, language, planning legislation and financial resources, as well as the failure to involve political elites in transfer processes, are potential obstacles to embedding Dutch planning policies elsewhere.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014562326
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684588404
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  • 29
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    Article
    Generative work: Day labourers' Freirean praxis (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 2035
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 2035
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper examines an important aspect of the politicisation of contingent work: the evolution of grassroots organising strategies by immigrant day labourers, an allegedly 'unorganisable' class of contingent workers. The paper focuses on the ways in which repertoires of contestation -- based in a philosophy of social transformation through radical democracy and Popular Education -- have defused from mass-movement social struggles in Latin America in the 1980s to street-corner organising in US cities today. Through a series of in-depth interviews with day labour organisers, the paper: (1) follows the continental travels of Popular Education methodologies; and (2) explores how organising approaches from the global South have been adapted and recombined to meet the challenges presented by day labour markets in the US which are characterised by rampant violations of core labour standards.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014523071
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697023540
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  • 30
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    Article
    Synchronisation and commonalities in metropolitan housing market cycles (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1665
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 9 (2014), p. 1665
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper examines the degree of commonalities present in the cyclical behaviour of the eight largest metropolitan housing markets in Australia. Using two techniques originally proposed in the business cycle literature we firstly consider the degree of synchronisation present and secondly decompose the series into their permanent and cyclical components. Both empirical approaches reveal similar results. Sydney and Melbourne are closely related to each other and are relatively segmented from the smaller metropolitan areas. In contrast, there is substantial evidence of commonalities in the cyclical behaviour of the remaining cities, especially those on the eastern and southern coasts of Australia.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014535643
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684590481
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  • 31
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    Article
    Institutional barriers to climate change adaptation in decentralised governance structures: Transport planning in England (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 12 (2014), p. 2250
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 12 (2014), p. 2250
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Climate change poses governance challenges at diverse scales and across the dimensions of risk and responsibility. Local governments are central to the delivery of action on both decarbonisation and adapting to the risks of climate change. Yet there are likely to be significant differences across local governments in terms of their capacity to act on climate change. This research documents and explains differences in the capacity to act within response spaces to risks to transport infrastructure and systems. We examine 80 Transport Plans across local governments in England, specifically their efforts to incorporate climate change adaptation. Data are generated from content analysis of the 80 documents and key informant interviews in a sample of 15% of authorities. The results show significant disparities across authorities. We explain differential outcomes as dependent on internal coordination, local prioritisation processes and political opposition. The results highlight that there are significant governance barriers associated with differential response capacity in the face of climate change risks.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014544759
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1702705711
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  • 32
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    Article
    Do rail transit stations encourage neighbourhood retail activity? (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 14 (2014), p. 2699
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 14 (2014), p. 2699
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Over the past 20 years, California has made substantial investments in intra-metropolitan passenger rail infrastructure, expanding existing systems and building new ones. According to advocates of New Urbanism, such investment should encourage the growth of mixed-use transit-oriented development, defined as a high-density mix of residential and commercial uses within walking distance of rail stations. Little research to date has examined whether rail investment stimulates retail activity, which is a key component of mixed-use development. In this paper, I test whether the opening of new rail stations across California's four largest metropolitan areas is associated with changes in retail employment near the stations. Results indicate that new rail stations were located in areas with previously high employment density, somewhat outside the city centres. New station openings are not significantly associated with differences in retail employment in three of the four MSAs, and negatively associated with retail in the Sacramento MSA. There is weak evidence that areas around new suburban stations serving commuter rail lines are more likely to gain retail employment, while centrally located, intra-city rail stations see decreases in retail activity.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014549128
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1721972528
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  • 33
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    Style and the value of gay nightlife: Homonormative placemaking in San Francisco (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3144
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3144
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Reductionist conceptions of gay nightlife and the neighbourhoods they anchor have obscured their diversity amid claims of gentrification or displacement. The divergent trajectories of San Francisco's three gay bar districts present a natural experiment to specify the relationship between gay placemaking and urban processes. In 1999, each neighbourhood anchored distinct stylistic practices but by 2004, one had collapsed, another became stylistically mixed, while the youngest expanded and became homogenous. In that neighbourhood a particular gay style and mainstream cosmopolitanism converged, spatially institutionalising what queer theorists call 'the new homonormativity' comprising sexual discretion, mainstream political assimilation and boutique consumerism. Adherence to this particular gay style conferred spatial capital, allowing cosmopolitans, gay and straight, to literally 'take place' anywhere, while nonconformist gays lost their places. Contrary to popular and academic claims, not all gay places are associated with gentrification: homonormativity fostered gentrification from within, nonconformist gay nightlife fell victim to gentrification from without. This study thus contributes to a clearer relationship between gay men and urban revitalisation, nightlife economies, and the valuation of some forms of urban creativity and placemaking over others. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/52/16/3144.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014555630
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732582394
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  • 34
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    Article
    What Are Case Studies Good for? Nesting Comparative Case Study Research Into the Lakatosian Research Program (2014)
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    In:  Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research Vol. 49, No. 4 (2014), p. 331
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    ISSN: 1069-3971
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage Periodicals Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 49, No. 4 (2014), p. 331
    DDC: 150
    Abstract: This article discusses two of the most used methods of comparative case study research, namely, John Stuart Mill's (Millian) method of agreement and the method of difference. In doing so, it claims that those methods allow social research to progress theoretically and empirically if the latter is assessed through the epistemological framework of the research program. The latter represents a series of guidelines to assay the progress of science provided by Imre Lakatos's philosophy of science. In fact, those two methods can be used according to two methodologies, namely, concept formation and causal inference, which in turn perform specific functions essential for social research to develop theoretically and empirically in line with the guidelines established by the research program. In conclusion, a more nuanced discussion of the link between epistemology, methodology, and methods is needed to fully appreciate what comparative case study research is good for.
    DOI: 10.1177/1069397114555844
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1714412267
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  • 35
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    Decomposing the Gini Inequality Index: An Expanded Solution With Survey Data Applied to Analyze Gender Income Inequality (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 3 (2014), p. 508
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 3 (2014), p. 508
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The aim of this article is to propose a new breakdown of the Gini inequality ratio into three components (within-group inequality, between-group inequality, and intensity of transvariation between groups to the total inequality index). The between-group inequality concept computes all the differences in salaries between men and women. The main contribution is to show this relationship when dealing with noninteger frequency data appearing on survey data. This article also proves the relationship between the very intuitive Gini concentration ratio and the very commonly used Gini index in the case of discrete distributions with a finite number of observations. The former refers to the relationship between the cumulative proportion of population and income, while the latter is the absolute mean difference divided by twice the arithmetic mean. This article complements the inequality decomposition literature that has stemmed from Gini's work. The research is applied to analyze gender income inequality in a Spanish region using Spanish Structure of Earnings Survey data from 2010.
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114546046
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1699516927
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  • 36
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    On the Measurement and Properties of Ambiguity in Probabilistic Expectations (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 636
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 636
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Survey respondents' probabilistic expectations are now widely used in many fields to study risk perceptions, decision-making processes, and behavior. Researchers have developed several methods to account for the fact that the probability of an event may be more ambiguous for some respondents than others, but few prior studies have empirically compared the approaches. This article contrasts two of the most prominent methods using data from an experiment embedded in a recent Web survey of 926 volunteer panelists. Specifically, we comparatively evaluate the descriptive and relational properties of ambiguity scores obtained by placing follow-up questions after items eliciting expectations that ask either for (1) a range of probabilities that the respondent is confident to contain the true probability or for (2) a verbal response indicating assuredness. Our results show that these two methods produce measures that have more similarities than differences. Both methods yield ambiguity scores that (1) are not strongly associated with exposure to sources of relevant information, (2) are correlated across seemingly unrelated events, and (3) are consistently related to the level of reported risk. [web URL: http://smr.sagepub.com/content/44/4/636.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114546902
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1744735262
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  • 37
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    Behind a bicycling boom: Governance, cultural change and place character in Memphis, Tennessee (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 1 (2014), p. 193
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 1 (2014), p. 193
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Drawing on theories of place, new political cultures, and idio-cultural perceptions, this paper examines the case of recent place character change in Memphis, Tennessee. Since 2009, a burgeoning bicycling culture has taken root in the city alongside a massive increase in bicycling infrastructure. We analyse how these changes are paralleled by shifts in governance emphasising amenity-based urbanism that favours themes of creative class-centred economic development. Changes also highlight the ability of contemporary urban governance to make place malleable by upending negative conceptions of the city and providing for new alternatives. Implications centre on how place may be more malleable than previously theorised, but recognise that changes serve only some populations, namely creatives and pre-existing power structures, while maintaining traditions that exclude others and contribute to racialised gentrification. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/1/193.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014556590
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752554555
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  • 38
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    Moving to suburbia? Effects of residential mobility on community engagement (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 1 (2014), p. 17
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 1 (2014), p. 17
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Previous research has emphasised that residential mobility, especially the suburbanisation of metropolitan regions, is a key factor in understanding the social and institutional context that shapes local political dynamics. Recent studies show that local communities with high rates of recent population growth show lower levels of turnout than others with significantly lower levels or even negative growth. However, because of both the aggregate nature of most available data and sample designs, no firm conclusions can be drawn regarding the specific relationship between residential mobility and the individual and contextual determinants of social and political behaviour. In this paper we explore the interaction between individual and contextual features to better understand the problems that suburbanisation poses to local community engagement. We use data from a survey specifically designed to comply with the requirements of such a study. The sample was designed through strata that take into account the recent population growth of municipalities. Results show the relevance of accounting for both individual- and contextual-level variables to shed light on the political and social dimensions of residential mobility and local suburbanisation. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/1/17.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014562532
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752554490
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  • 39
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    Article
    Reading for difference on the street: De-homogenising street vending in Mexico City (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 2 (2014), p. 287
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 2 (2014), p. 287
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: In cities across the Global South, neoliberal urban policies have unfolded through a series of projects that take the streets, plazas and other public spaces of the city as central arenas to booster the neoliberal project. This has entailed the removal and displacement of groups who depend on these spaces for their daily survival, for example street vendors and other participants of the so-called informal economy. This paper draws from and seeks to contribute to work on the urban politics of informality in the Global South. My objective is to broaden our understanding of informality and resistance in cities by recognising difference and de-homogenising so-called informal activities, particularly street vending and vendors. To make this argument, I draw from the experience of resistance movements against displacement carried out by street vendors in Mexico City as a result of the implementation of a series of exclusionary policies implemented by city authorities. I demonstrate that thinking about difference matters to the way in which vendors carried out their resistance strategies and to how the post-policy context materialised. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/2/287.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014563471
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760022932
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  • 40
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    Gentrifying the peri-urban: Land use conflicts and institutional dynamics at the frontier of an Indonesian metropolis (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 3 (2014), p. 593
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2014), p. 593
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper aims to specify the meaning of gentrification in rapidly peri-urbanising metropolitan regions in the context of Indonesia's rapid transition to decentralisation and democracy. It discusses a case study of conflict over an environmental revitalisation project in a peri-urban area of Bandung City. The analysis focuses on the political processes, tactics and strategies supporting and opposing peri-urban gentrification and their consequences. The analysis illustrates how these political dynamics mediate the interaction between the movement of capital and the spatial reorganisation of social classes. It is argued that in the context of a peri-urbanising metropolis, gentrification needs to be narrated less in terms of class-based neighbourhood succession and more in terms of competing cross-class coalitions emerging at local and regional levels. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/3/593.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014557208
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1764861805
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  • 41
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    Female Literacy, Fertility Decline and Life Expectancy in Kerala, India: An Analysis from Census of India 2011 (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS (2014)
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614541087
    URL: Volltext
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  • 42
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    Migrant women, place and identity in contemporary women’s writing (2014)
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    In:  Identities : global studies in culture and power (2014), p. 1-17
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    ISSN: 1070-289X
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Identities : global studies in culture and power
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014), p. 1-17
    DDC: 320
    DOI: 10.1080/1070289X.2014.950973
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  • 43
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    Feeding the needy student: auto-ethnographic reflections from south India (2014)
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    In:  Food, culture & society : an international journal of multidisciplinary research Vol. 17, No. 3 (2014), p. 417
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    ISSN: 1552-8014
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Food, culture & society : an international journal of multidisciplinary research
    Publ. der Quelle: Abington : Routledge, Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, No. 3 (2014), p. 417
    DDC: 630
    Abstract: Towns and cities have always been sites of attraction not only as centers of trade and commerce, seats of administration and power centers but also providing facilities for health and education. This is especially true of post-colonial nations such as India, marking differences between rural and urban areas in many significant ways. The late colonial and early post-colonial periods experienced widespread social change and witnessed a surge in rural students seeking formal education in locales far away from their places of origin be they villages or small towns. While their families may have been relatively immobile, the children (usually, male) were made to find sponsorship for temporary migration and hospitality among the urban dwellers. With urbanization, many such practices of sponsorship and serving as hosts to needy students have since disappeared. This paper is an attempt to present an "auto-ethnographic" account of some of the practices of hosting students in and around Bangalore, South India.
    URL: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/4659510
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  • 44
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    Music and more than music: The approach to difference and identity in the Portuguese punk (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies (2014)
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    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 050
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414563294
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  • 45
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    Coming out with the media: The ritualization of self-disclosure in the Dutch television programme Uit de Kast (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies (2014)
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    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 050
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414544120
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  • 46
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    Article
    'The Untold Story': The mediated female ghost in England's Blenheim Palace (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies (2014)
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    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 050
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414557802
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  • 47
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    Pin-ups, strippers and centerfolds: Gendered mediation and post-socialist political culture (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies (2014)
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    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 050
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414563296
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  • 48
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    The Role of Different Forms of Bridging Capital for Immigrant Adaptation and Upward Mobility. The Case of Ukrainian and Vietnamese Immigrants Settled in Poland (2014)
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    In:  Ethnicities (2014)
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    ISSN: 1468-7968
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Ethnicities
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 390
    DOI: 10.1177/1468796813518314
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  • 49
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    Sufism and Politics in Contemporary Egypt: A Study of Sufi Political Engagement in the Pre and Post-revolutionary Reality of January 2011 (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 468
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 468
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614534170
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  • 50
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    Article
    The neoliberal firm and nested subsumption: Labour process transformations in the NYC taxi industry (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 2051
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 2051
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: In this paper I use New York's taxi industry and the struggle around GPS technologies to articulate some essential aspects of a new regime of labour subsumption that is taking shape, most evidently in cities. I argue that these new aspects of labour subsumption may be useful in understanding changes in labour regimes across industries in the neoliberal period. Finally, I attempt to demonstrate connections between theories of labour subsumption and practices of labour organising. I contend that labour subsumption theory and specific forms of labour organisation show a clear relationship in the past and thus, if we are able to discern significant developments in the modes by which capital subsumes labour in the present neoliberal period, this could offer new insights in the domain of labour organising strategies.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098013519830
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697023533
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  • 51
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    Article
    Mapping producer services networks in mainland Chinese cities (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3018
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3018
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: We analyse the geographies of urban networks created by leading producer services (PS) firms in China. Because of the national regulation of the Chinese state-led economy and the location strategies of global advanced producer services (APS) firms, the geography of global APS in China as examined by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) cannot be studied as a subnetwork of GaWC's global network, but needs an empirical study based on a wide range of leading PS in the Chinese market. We explore the spatial differentiation in the connectivity of Chinese cities based on the location strategies of 323 APS firms in 287 Chinese cities. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen emerge as the primary nodes. The spatial distribution of banking, securities, and insurance services networks appears to be more even than those of non-financial PS firms. Regional disparity exists in terms of polycentric urban development in coastal China, as well as in the centralisation model in central and western areas. We suggest that owing to the continued tight regulation of China's state-led economy and the nature of the location strategies of 'globalised' PS firms, the urban networks created by Chinese PS firms are not only an extension of urban networks at a global scale but also an embodiment of economic activities at other scales. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/52/16/3018.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014558541
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732582375
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  • 52
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    Article
    Capacity development or new learning spaces through municipal international cooperation : Policy mobility at work? (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 4 (2014)
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 4 (2014)
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The importance of strengthening local governments is widely recognised as local governments face new challenges against the backdrop of global decentralisation processes. Municipal International Cooperation (MIC) contributes strategically to such processes by peer-to-peer learning within existing local institutions, a development process that is both efficient and provides continuity. Empirically, the paper draws upon the findings of an evaluation of the Dutch support programme for MIC called LOGO South. The main conclusion is that partnerships between local authorities do strengthen local governments in the South; the unique approach of the LOGO South programme adds important spillover effects in mutual learning, resulting in both policy transfer and mobility. By creating multilevel governance networks, knowledge circulation was also strengthened. This paper contributes to the debate by showing that locally based, multilevel hybrid networks are strategic for governance processes.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014528057
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/307769
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1649223683
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  • 53
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    Constructing racialised masculinities in/through affective orientations to a multicultural town (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1523
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1523
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper examines how gendered and racialised discourses and practices intersect to shape, to an extent, the ways in which young men are affected by representations of Luton and how they experience urban space. Using Wetherell's concept of affective intersectionality, Hage's distinction between passive and governmental belonging and Brah's interpretation of diasporic identities, we argue that the affective-discursive modalities through which participants make sense of belonging reflects wider political discourses positioning them as differently valued. Despite contradictions and ambivalences, racialised young men tended to express relatively more positive feelings of being 'at home' in their neighbourhood and in Luton than the white young men we interviewed. Yet, they were also less likely to express a sense of entitlement to the city. Furthermore, spectacular racist events reinforced more mundane experiences of everyday racism, particularly among Muslim young men.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014535644
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676774273
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  • 54
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    Article
    Understanding continuity in sustainable transport planning in Curitiba (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1454
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1454
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The Brazilian city of Curitiba has long been recognised as an exemplary success in urban planning, particularly its sustainable urban transport, with modal splits strongly favouring public transit. Its success was achieved principally through rigorous and detailed planning, beginning in the 1970s, using policy tools that have been described, and sometimes criticised, as technocratic. After 40 years of a quite successful experience in transport planning and implementation, Curitiba, like many world cities, faces new challenges, particularly in the form of metropolitanisation and increased aspirations for citizen participation. In this paper we investigate which policy tools are being used to face these emerging challenges in Curitiba, whether they are the same as those used in the past and which led the city to be a recognised urban transport success case, or different, more flexible and participative tools presumed to be more in tune with the emerging context of metropolitanisation and increased demands for participation. The answer, coming from interviews within Curitiba transport representatives, current literature review and limited comparisons with other successful transport cities of the Americas, suggests a continuation of Curitiba's proactive format, one which has led to its past successes, with some modest overtures to more interactive and participatory policy tools.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014538526
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676773696
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  • 55
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    Article
    Evaluating urban regeneration: An assessment of the effectiveness of physical regeneration initiatives on run-down industrial sites in the Netherlands (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 12 (2014), p. 2151
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 12 (2014), p. 2151
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Despite the widespread use of physical improvements as a strategy to regenerate deprived and run-down urban areas, there is only limited evidence on the precise impact of these kinds of regeneration activities. A number of conceptual and methodological problems that impinge on all evaluations of regeneration policies have constrained the required evidence base. This paper evaluates the impact of publicly funded physical improvements of run-down industrial sites in the Netherlands and seeks to address several of these challenges; namely, selecting appropriate comparison areas, attributing change to specific interventions, access to small-scale, longitudinal data and selecting outcomes congruent with policy goals and rationales. Pooled data from various sources provide us with information on regeneration initiatives and other site characteristics for more than half of all sites in the country. Propensity score matching enables us to systematically compare economic outcomes related to regeneration policy goals between sites that have been subjected to regeneration and those that have not. The results of this study suggest that physical regeneration of industrial sites has a negligible effect on economic outcomes that are related to the most commonly articulated policy goals: the increase of employment, of firm numbers, of property values and of the intensity of land use on these sites. These findings add to a small but growing body of work that investigates the economic impact of regeneration programmes that fund physical investments on commercial and industrial areas.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014542134
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1702705693
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  • 56
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    Nourishing the city: The rise of the urban food question in the Global North (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1379
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1379
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The urban food question is forcing itself up the political agenda in the Global North because of a new food equation that spells the end of the 'cheap food' era, fuelling nutritional poverty in the cities of Europe and North America. This article explores the rise of the urban food question in the Global North through the multiple prisms of theory, policy and political practice. First, it explores the theoretical ways in which the food system is being framed in urban planning, urban political ecology and community food security. Second, it charts the rise of new urban foodscapes associated with urban agriculture and public health. Finally, it identifies a new urban food politics and asks if this constitutes a new social movement.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014534902
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676786239
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  • 57
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    Pathways into homelessness: Understanding how both individual and structural factors contribute to and sustain homelessness in Canada (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2366
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2366
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This qualitative study examined how homeless individuals with mental illness experience pathways into homelessness. Study participants were enrolled in the At Home/Chez Soi project, a Pan-Canadian Randomized Controlled Trial comparing the Housing First approach with Treatment as Usual for homeless individuals. This inquiry is grounded in social ecological perspective, which considers interactions between individual and structural factors. Findings from consumer narrative interviews (n = 219) revealed that individual factors, such as substance abuse, relationship conflicts and mental health issues significantly contributed to homelessness, in addition to structural transitions from foster care and institutional settings into the community. Additional structural factors entrenched participants in unsafe communities, created obstacles to exiting homelessness and amplified individual risk factors. The study findings confirm the role of individual risk factors in pathways into homelessness, but underscore the need for policies and interventions to address structural factors that worsen individual risks and create barriers to exiting homelessness.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014548138
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1713610060
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  • 58
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    Article
    Grid, Group, and Grade: Challenges in Operationalizing Cultural Theory for Cross-National Research (2014)
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    In:  Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 250
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    ISSN: 1069-3971
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage Periodicals Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 250
    DDC: 150
    Abstract: Grid-Group Cultural Theory (CT), developed by Mary Douglas and followers, is a well-known and often-used framework for the analysis of culture in the political-administrative world. Although Douglas herself was rather wary of detailed operationalization of CT, many scholars have tried to measure Grid and Group and tested implications of the theory along these dimensions at different levels of analysis, within or between nations. In this article, we recognize and discuss some grave challenges surrounding the operationalization of Grid and Group, particularly at the cross-national level. Presenting distinct facets of Group and Grid, we debate that in some measurements, divergent and unrelated cultural attributes are used in the operationalization of Grid and Group, making validity and reliability of such operationalization problematic. We also exhibit that Grid and Group cannot cover some cultural variances between or within societies; hence, we introduce and elaborate on a third dimension: "Grade." We demonstrate that this dimension is missing and much-needed in CT.
    DOI: 10.1177/1069397114555843
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686449314
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  • 59
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    Article
    Kuk's Model Adjusted for Protection and Efficiency (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 3 (2014), p. 534
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 3 (2014), p. 534
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: In this article, we adjust the Kuk randomized response model for collecting information on a sensitive characteristic for increased protection and efficiency by making use of forced "yes" and forced "no" responses. We first describe Kuk's model and then the proposed adjustment to Kuk's model. Next, by means of a simulation study, we compare the efficiency of the adjusted Kuk model relative to the pioneer Kuk model while maintaining at least equal protection of respondents.
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114554459
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1699516825
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  • 60
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    Theory and Contrastive Explanation in Ethnography (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 585
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 585
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: We propose three interlinked ways that theory helps researchers build causal claims from ethnographic research. First, theory guides the casing and re-casing of a topic of study. Second, theoretical work helps craft a clear causal question via the construction of a contrast space of the topic of investigation. Third, the researcher uses theory to identify social mechanisms that condense causal accounts. We show how each step can accommodate the everyday meanings typically central to ethnographic research's contributions. This tripartite role for theory thus preserves ethnography's traditionally recognized strength in interpretive validity, while realizing ethnography's potential for offering causal, and partly generalizable, accounts that can engage the wider sociological discipline. The discussion brings ethnographic research into conversation with recent debates on the role of mechanisms, comparative and counterfactual thinking in causal accounts. We illustrate and defend our argument for theory in ethnography with an extensive analysis of a contemporary ethnographic monograph along with briefer attention to parallel uses of theory in two other ethnographic studies. [web URL: http://smr.sagepub.com/content/44/4/585.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114554458
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1744735344
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  • 61
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    Phantom Effects in Multilevel Compositional Analysis: Problems and Solutions (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 677
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 677
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This article combines statistical and applied research perspective showing problems that might arise when measurement error in multilevel compositional effects analysis is ignored. This article focuses on data where independent variables are constructed measures. Simulation studies are conducted evaluating methods that could overcome the measurement error problems. These methods are a multilevel regression model with reliability correction, a multilevel model with plausible values, and a multilevel latent regression model (doubly latent model). While the latter one performs best, all models have their advantages and disadvantages. Examples using data from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study are shown to present the behavior of the tested models in real-data situations and indicate the consequences of ignoring the problem of reliability. [web URL: http://smr.sagepub.com/content/44/4/677.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114553801
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1744735038
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  • 62
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    Prospective Versus Retrospective Approaches to the Study of Intergenerational Social Mobility (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 555
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 555
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Most intergenerational social mobility studies are based upon retrospective data, in which samples of individuals report socioeconomic information about their parents, an approach that provides representative data for offspring but not the parental generation. When available, prospective data on intergenerational mobility, which are based on a sample of respondents who report on their progeny, have conceptual and practical advantages. Prospective data are especially useful for studying social mobility across more than two generations and for developing joint models of social mobility and demographic processes. Because prospective data remain relatively scarce, we propose a method that corrects retrospective mobility data for the unrepresentativeness of the parental generation and thus permits them to be used for models of social mobility and demographic processes. We illustrate this method using both simulated data and data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. In our examples, this method removes more than 95 percent of the bias in the retrospective data. [web URL: http://smr.sagepub.com/content/44/4/555.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114554460
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1744735111
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  • 63
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    Evaluation of antioxidant-associated efficacy of flavonoid extracts from a traditional Chinese medicine Hua Ju Hong (peels of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) (2014)
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    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 325-330
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    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 325-330
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Hua Ju Hong (HJH, peels of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) is a popularly used traditional Chinese medicine recorded by "Compendium of Materia Medica" (Ben Cao Gang Mu) in Ming Dynasty of China (1578 A.D.). With flavonoid components, HJH possesses hypolipidemic effect associated with antioxidation action. However, no report was found regarding the flavonoid profile and antioxidant activity of HJH. Five purified flavonoid extracts (TFCA, TFCB, TFCC, TFCD and TFCE.) were obtained from HJH using Ca(OH)2 and HPD-300 macroporous resins, and their total flavonoids and representative flavonoid components were analyzed. In vitro tests of DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and total antioxidant activity of each extract were evaluated. The most effective extract was selected for in vivo antioxidative evaluation using a rat hyperlipemia model. The total flavonoid content was varying among each HJH extract and decreased in an order of TFCB〉TFCD〉TFCC〉TFCE〉TFCA. TFCB, TFCD, and TFCC contained more than 50% of total flavonoids, the highest content of which was found in TFCB (80.7%). HPLC analysis showed that the contents of three flavonoid components, narirutin, naringin and neohesperidin, displayed a similar trend as that of total flavonoids. In vitro antioxidative tests determined that TFCB at 0.24 to 1.2mg/ml possessed the most significant antioxidant effects among other extracts and was also superior to BHT. In vivo experiment also revealed the significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities of TFCB started from 50 to 200mg/kg after oral administration to hyperlipemia rats. These results indicate that TFCB with the highest flavonoid contents has the strongest antioxidant-associated activities. This is the first report regarding antioxidant-associated activities and relevant flavonoid components of HJH extracts, providing a promising candidate of traditional Chinese medicine for antioxidative treatment.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.039
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25446585
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  • 64
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    The strength of ethnic ties: Routes into the labour market in spaces of segregation (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 1 (2014), p. 3
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 1 (2014), p. 3
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This study analyses whether ethnic segregation leads to social isolation and lack of access to valuable informal channels into the labour market. We use a survey of Swedish-born young adults in Stockholm, whose parents were born either in Turkey (Stratum T) or in Sweden (Stratum S). Stratum T was randomly sampled, whereas Stratum S was sampled according to the residential distribution of Stratum T. Our results show that persons in Stratum T use informal contacts in order to find employment more often than Stratum S. Living in immigrant-dense areas increases the likelihood of finding employment through informal contacts. For Stratum T, co-ethnic contacts are more important than other contacts, in particular if they are neighbours. Access to ethnic networks and the use of ethnic contacts in the labour market differ between persons of Turkish, Kurdish and Assyrian/Syriac backgrounds. In contrast to the isolation thesis, this study shows that young adults in immigrant-dense neighbourhoods have access to and benefit more from informal channels in order to find ways into labour market. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/1/3.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014560498
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752554554
    URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-112710
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  • 65
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    Article
    State-led gentrification in Hong Kong (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 3 (2014), p. 506
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 3 (2014), p. 506
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: The specificity of Hong Kong's gentrification trajectory reflects its urban morphology, political institutions, and social and economic structure. While continuously renewing itself economically, much of the city's inner urban area building stock is old and functionally obsolete, whilst nevertheless providing affordable, well-located housing for lower-income and disadvantaged groups and small-scale commercial clusters. Constrained redevelopment is not the result of economic decline but rather of formidable frictions that make land assembly and vacant possession of buildings difficult. Hong Kong's executive-led, quasi democratic government articulates with the public ownership of land and its management through the leasehold system, and leads inner-city redevelopment through the Urban Renewal Authority (URA) supported by various institutional and statutory arrangements. (Re)development is favoured because it generates significant state revenue from physical and economic intensification of sites. Although gentrification is not an agenda of the URA, it is a significant outcome of its redevelopment activities. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/3/506.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098013513645
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  • 66
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    Modelling the dynamics of regional employment-population ratios and their commonality (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 2 (2014), p. 338
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 2 (2014), p. 338
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper looks at movements over time in regional employment-population ratios, an important and much neglected determinant of regional performance. We utilise data on gross flows into and out of employment and focus on information contained in the transition rates. The paper applies an unobserved components econometric model to a panel of Australian data to identify and explain the evolution of regional employment-population ratios over time. The approach identifies a common (i.e. nationwide) factor while allowing for region-specific effects, including region-specific impacts of the common factor. The contribution of the common factor to changes in regional employment-population ratios ranges between 38% and 80%. Conversely, regional elements explain between 20% and 62% of changes. The findings highlight the importance of adopting explicit regional employment policies as a complement to national policy. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/2/338.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014563030
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  • 67
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    A Method of Measuring Inequality Within a Selection Process (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 45, No. 1 (2014), p. 69
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 45, No. 1 (2014), p. 69
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: To explain the inequalities in access to a discrete good G across two populations, or across time in a single national context, it is necessary to distinguish, for each population or period of time, the effect of the diffusion of G from that of unequal outcomes of underlying micro-social processes. The inequality of outcomes of these micro-social processes is termed inequality within the selection process. We present an innovative index of measurement that captures variations in this aspect of inequality of opportunity and is insensitive to margins. We applied this index to the analysis of inequality of educational opportunity by exploring the effects of the British 1944 Education Act, of which various accounts have been offered. The relationships between the measure of inequality within a selection process presented and classical measures of inequality of opportunity are analyzed, as well as the benefits of using this index with regard to the insight it provides for interpreting data.
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114562611
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  • 68
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    Article
    The way towards land consumption: Soil sealing and polycentric development in Barcelona (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 2 (2014), p. 418
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 2 (2014), p. 418
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper concerns the debate on polycentric development and land consumption in growing urban regions. The aim of this study is to verify if urban morphology reflects the transition from a mono-centric and hyper-compact form centred on Barcelona (Spain) towards a polycentric agglomeration based on subcentres functionally distinct from the head city. The spatial distribution of impervious land by municipal unit has been investigated under three spatial domains (province, metropolitan region and metropolitan area of Barcelona). Soil sealing indicators have been analysed using descriptive, inferential and multivariate statistical techniques. Sealing intensity and diversification decreased with the distance from the centre of Barcelona, while per-capita sealed land was low in the central city and much higher and stable in peripheral municipalities. Our results shed light on Barcelona's long-term expansion, providing evidence in favour of settlement scattering instead of a genuine polycentric structure. The article finally debates the use of soil sealing indicators for the assessment of polycentric or scattered urban development in the Mediterranean region.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014563486
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  • 69
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    Detroit after bankruptcy: A case of degrowth machine politics (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 53, No. 4 (2014), p. 818
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 53, No. 4 (2014), p. 818
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: It is widely accepted that neoliberalism is intensified in times of crisis, and Jamie Peck has argued that 'austerity urbanism' has been implemented at the urban scale since the 2008 financial crisis. This article questions whether this narrative of neoliberal expansion is applicable in cities where crisis is so severe that economic growth seems highly unlikely. I focus on Detroit, whose recent declaration of bankruptcy signals the recognition among local officials and elites that the city's decline cannot be reversed with out-of-the-box neoliberal policies. Instead, the city's bankruptcy precipitated a breakdown of an interscalar growth coalition, and local actors have embraced a plan for Detroit's future which diverges from 'austerity urbanism' favoured by extra-local investors in significant ways. Importantly, local actors have embraced a plan that seeks to improve the quality of life for the city's residents in the context of irreversible degrowth. I refer to this as degrowth machine politics and I examine the extent to which its emergence may foster contingency and progressive urban politics. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/53/4/818.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014563485
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  • 70
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    Article
    Controlling darkness: self, dark and the domestic night (2014)
    In:  Cultural geographies Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 585
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    ISSN: 1474-4740
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cultural geographies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 585
    DDC: 910
    Abstract: Social science research into darkness (and light) has largely focused on public spaces. In particular it has been interested in night-time cityscapes, but also spaces of leisure and rural landscapes. This paper instead turns its eye towards the more private experiences of darkness in the home. In this paper I look to explore the active role that darkness plays in constituting our relation to the home, arguing that it takes on a central role. Drawing on phenomenological arguments about experience of dark, I argue that in darkness the self is rendered more open to the other. The ability to choose the conditions in which this openness to the other is experienced becomes important: where power over this choice exists, openness can be experienced as conviviality or intimacy; where power is absent, this openness is more likely to be experienced as vulnerability. As such, controlling darkness in the home is an act of power. This argument is then explored through a study of various trends in geography and social science research into the home, focusing on how the home can slide between poles of security and protection, and insecurity and danger. Though speculative, this paper seeks to set out new ground for research, and new understandings for existing knowledge about darkness and the home.
    DOI: 10.1177/1474474014539250
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  • 71
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    Article
    Teaching food and qualitative inquiry: toward an ideographic approach (2014)
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    In:  Food, culture & society : an international journal of multidisciplinary research Vol. 17, No. 3 (2014), p. 493
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    ISSN: 1552-8014
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Food, culture & society : an international journal of multidisciplinary research
    Publ. der Quelle: Abington : Routledge, Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, No. 3 (2014), p. 493
    DDC: 630
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  • 72
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    Article
    Indigenous identity and environmental governance in Guyana, South America (2014)
    In:  Cultural geographies Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 689
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    ISSN: 1474-4740
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cultural geographies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 689
    DDC: 910
    Abstract: In an era of increasing access to digital technologies, Indigenous communities are progressively more able to present sophisticated and differentiated narratives in order to maximise their long-term survival. In this article, we explore how Indigenous communities use participatory video and participatory photography as tools of Indigenous media to enhance, adapt and/or reinforce their collective social memory. This social memory is key for identity formation and self-representation, and the ways in which Indigenous representations are performed promote particular interests and worldviews to the local, national and global scales. Working with the Makushi and Wapishana communities of the North Rupununi, Guyana, the current social memory 'in use' was surfaced through the participatory video and photography process led by the Indigenous community. Through an iterative process of analysing images (photos and video clips) and text (written material, narration and spoken word), we identified key narratives of the communities' social memory. We show how communities provide different messages to different actors through the way they use participatory video and participatory photography, revealing how self-conscious multiple identities shape differing purposes. We suggest that our ability, as non-Indigenous stakeholders, to perceive, appreciate and act upon these more complex and nuanced narratives is critical to help address environmental governance in a rapidly changing social-ecological context.
    DOI: 10.1177/1474474014560998
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  • 73
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    Liberal cosmopolitan norms and the border: Local actors' critique of the governance of global processes (2014)
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    In:  Ethnicities (2014)
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    ISSN: 1468-7968
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Ethnicities
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 390
    DOI: 10.1177/1468796814565217
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  • 74
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    Article
    Leave only footprints? How traces of movement shape the appropriation of space (2014)
    In:  Cultural geographies Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 659
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    ISSN: 1474-4740
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cultural geographies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 22, No. 4 (2014), p. 659
    DDC: 910
    Abstract: The tracks people leave behind in the landscape are more than mere imprints on the ground. They are traces that can work to shape peoples' claims to particular spaces, both materially and semiotically. This article examines the ways in which such mark-making is caught up in contestations over the legitimate use of spaces deemed 'wild' and 'natural'. It draws upon a mobile and video ethnographic study of walkers and mountain bikers in the Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, to explore how the marks made on the ground through outdoor recreation become caught up in struggles over appropriate ways to move one's body in nature. Here, a process of informal zoning is identified whereby walkers belong in mountains but mountain bikers do not. Emerging from the analysis are the ways in which footprints and tyre-tracks are constituted and contested as 'damage' in relation to mountain spaces, and thus used to ascribe or distance culpability from different modes of mobility: walking versus cycling. Particular attention is paid to how such configurations serve as the grounds for excluding certain recreational users from particular outdoor spaces. This article thus identifies traces of movement, and the ways in which they are rendered 'visible' or 'natural' in talk, action and terrain, as key territorialising devices. In particular, a social and cultural treatment of the environmental impacts of outdoor recreation highlights how absence , as well as presence, of traces can be a powerful device for staking claims to space. The analysis also prompts a greater appreciation of the role of surfaces in constituting particular natures (such as mountains) as natural and wild, and how particular subjects, ways of moving and technologies are implicated, (de)naturalised and disciplined therein.
    DOI: 10.1177/1474474014558987
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  • 75
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    Article
    Valuing audience passions: From Smythe to Tarde (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies (2014)
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    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 050
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414563297
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  • 76
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    Loving work: Drawing attention to pleasure and pain in the body of the cultural worker (2014)
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    In:  European journal of cultural studies (2014)
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    ISSN: 1367-5494
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: European journal of cultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 050
    DOI: 10.1177/1367549414563299
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  • 77
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    More inclusive and cleaner cities with waste management co-production: Insights from participatory epistemologies and methods (2014)
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    In:  Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements (2014)
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    ISSN: 0197-3975
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 330
    DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.10.004
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  • 78
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    Queer sex vignettes from a Brazilian favela: An ethnographic striptease (2014)
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    In:  Ethnography (2014)
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    ISSN: 1466-1381
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Ethnography
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 390
    DOI: 10.1177/1466138114534335
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  • 79
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    Monadology and ethnography: Towards a Tardian monadic ethnography (2014)
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    In:  Ethnography (2014)
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    ISSN: 1466-1381
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Ethnography
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 390
    DOI: 10.1177/1466138114542549
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  • 80
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    Article
    Reflections on Azawad Crisis and Malian Democracy: The Statehood, its Deficiencies and Inclusion Failure (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS (2014)
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    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614529265
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  • 81
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    The Faith, the Honor of Women, the Land: The Druze Women in Israel (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 427
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    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 427
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614533094
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  • 82
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    Transformational Strategy or Gilded Pacification? Four Years On: The Niger Delta Armed Conflict and the DDR Process of the Nigerian Amnesty Programme (2014)
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    In:  Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 387
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    ISSN: 0021-9096
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Asian and African studies : JAAS
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 50, No. 4 (2014), p. 387
    DDC: 910
    DOI: 10.1177/0021909614530082
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  • 83
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    Urban futures: Multiple visions, paths and construction? (2014)
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    In:  Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements (2014)
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    ISSN: 0197-3975
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 330
    DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.10.003
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  • 84
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    Urban visions from Lusaka, Zambia (2014)
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    In:  Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements (2014)
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    ISSN: 0197-3975
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014)
    DDC: 330
    DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.10.005
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  • 85
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    Article
    Unexpected translations in urban policy mobility. The case of the Acahualinca development programme in Managua, Nicaragua (2014)
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    In:  Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements Vol. 46, No. April (2014), p. 271
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    ISSN: 0197-3975
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Habitat international : a journal for the study of human settlements
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 46, No. April (2014), p. 271
    DDC: 330
    Abstract: Implementation gaps between policy goals and outcomes are of increasing concern in practice and research. We explore the translation chains through which urban policies become mobile and are translated into practice. Informed by the city management and policy mobility literature, we conduct a case study of La Chureca, the rubbish dump and slum of Managua, Nicaragua, and its renewal programme. The Acahualinca Programme was implemented via translation chains enacted by many policy translators. It was translated into residents' and waste collectors' interests, its language packaged in artefacts such as prototypes in order to travel. It was made mobile via relational sites or situations providing safe and accessible connections with Chureca residents. Paradoxically, these places also allowed extraordinary connections between actors located in different scales and spaces, facilitating unexpected local community resistance. Although the Program ultimately remained almost unalterable in content, resistance unexpectedly transformed residents from passive policy transmitters into active policy actors in making the city. We conclude that policy implementation cannot be seen as the scripted translation of plans into reality, but as an uncontrollable process in which multiple translations twist policies and plans from below. The significant question is therefore not whether plans succeed, but how they succeed.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.10.001
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/206633-unexpected-translations-in-urban-policy-mobility-the-case-of-the-acahualinca-development-programme-i
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  • 86
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    The impact of the American Civil War on city growth (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3070
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3070
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper analyses the persistence of the shock caused by the American Civil War on the relative city size distribution of the USA. Two features make the study of this conflict interesting. First, it took place at an earlier stage of the industrialisation and urbanisation processes than those previously analysed in the related literature. Second, the battles were fought in the open field, not in urban areas. In line with previous results for the Second World War in Japanese and German cities, our findings suggest that the effects of the shock were transitory. Furthermore, some evidence regarding the possible presence of a 'safe harbour effect' is reported. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/52/16/3070.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014553553
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732582381
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  • 87
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    The fraught 'menage a trois' of public actors, private players and inhabitants: Problems of participation in French urban development projects (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3035
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 16 (2014), p. 3035
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper aims to analyse the possibilities for deploying participative arrangements in French urban projects by focusing on the potential for a shift towards a 'negotiated project'-type model. Taking the 'concertation process' deployed as part of the City of Paris' plan to redevelop the Les Halles district between 2002 and 2010, the article sheds light on the two regulatory systems existing side by side, namely, urban project development and consultation. The article discusses a number of explanatory factors: structural aspects linked to how French public bodies are organised, the positions of actors vis-a-vis urban development practices and how these are represented, which is related to the prevalence of a model based on a process of dual delegation of power and know-how. Finally, the paper will demonstrate the key importance of a private partner in the whole decision-making process via 'institutional consultation' to the detriment of 'citizen concertation'. Setting up participative arrangements does not substantially modify planning processes or decision-making systems for French urban development projects. Indeed, changes apparently at work in urban production governance processes raise questions concerning the possibility of incorporating inhabitant participation into public-private partnerships that may minimise public actors' room for manoeuvre in terms of any dialogue with local residents. With regard to urban design research, this problem suggests a need to rethink the whole urban planning system and to look at all aspects of urban planning organisation, including the interaction between the public, civil society and private actors. [web URL: http://usj.sagepub.com/content/52/16/3035.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014555631
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732582354
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  • 88
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    Varying influences of the built environment on household travel in 15 diverse regions of the United States (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2330
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 13 (2014), p. 2330
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This study pools household travel and built environment data from 15 diverse US regions to produce travel models with more external validity than any to date. It uses a large number of consistently defined built environmental variables to predict five household travel outcomes -- car trips, walk trips, bike trips, transit trips and vehicle miles travelled (VMT). It employs multilevel modelling to account for the dependence of households in the same region on shared regional characteristics and estimates 'hurdle' models to account for the excess number of zero values in the distributions of dependent variables such as household transit trips. It tests built environment variables for three different buffer widths around household locations to see which scale best explains travel behaviour. The resulting models are appropriate for post-processing outputs of conventional travel demand models, and for sketch planning applications in traffic impact analysis, climate action planning and health impact assessment.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014560991
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1713609802
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  • 89
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    Strategizing urbanism in the era of neoliberalization: State power reshuffling, land development and municipal finance in urbanizing China (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 1962
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    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 11 (2014), p. 1962
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: This paper examines the new dynamism of China's urbanization in which urbanism has been actively pursued by municipal governments as a strategy to negotiate and contest with the new power relations established by the post-reform regime in the era of neoliberalization. The research identifies the salient features of urbanization and urban land development since the 1990s, probes into their social and political origins, and evaluates the effects of Chinese urban revolutions from above on economic growth, regional inequality and social volatility. The data analysed include those gathered from the national level and from the Guangzhou metropolis in southern China. The interwoven processes of state power reshuffling, urban land development and municipal finance in contemporary China are believed to have constituted a significant and controversial case for critical evaluation of the political origins of urban revolutions in the age of global urbanism and their uneven socioeconomic consequences.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098013513644
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697023539
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  • 90
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    Article
    Working with diversity: A geographical analysis of ethno-racial discrimination in Toronto (2014)
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    In:  Urban studies Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1505
    Details
    ISSN: 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Urban studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Sage Publications Ltd
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 52, No. 8 (2014), p. 1505
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Work is an important location for examining the heterogeneity of contemporary urban societies that are being transformed by migration, aging, and economic restructuring. At work locations, people from different ethnic and racial groups often encounter one another, regardless of whether they live in close proximity. Work is also a frequent site of discrimination, particularly for racial minorities. This study evaluates ethno-racial heterogeneity by documenting the spatial patterns of workplace location for ethno-racial groups in Toronto. We also compare and contrast the degree to which racial minorities experience discrimination at work. Based on our findings that underline a strong association between discrimination, racial minority status, and ethno-cultural group identification, we argue that it is important to examine critically the ways in which discrimination persists in racially and ethnically diverse work locations.
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098014536628
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676773795
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  • 91
    Article
    Article
    Why Is Mississippi More Religious Than New Hampshire? Material Security and Ethnicity as Factors (2014)
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    In:  Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 315
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-3971
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage Periodicals Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 315
    DDC: 150
    Abstract: Cross-national research links decline in religiosity with improved living conditions due to economic development. These associations were examined in data from Gallup polls conducted in 50 U.S. states. Correlational analysis found that state religiosity (or importance attributed to religion) declined with economic development (state Human Development Index [HDI]). Positive correlates of religiosity included state hypertension levels (used as an index of psychological stress), Southern location, and the proportion of the population that was African American. Regression analysis found that the largest predictors of religiosity were HDI and African American population. The greater religiosity of states with more African American population was statistically explained in terms of stress (hypertension) and racism (Southern location). This is the first systematic study of state or ethnic variation in U.S. religiosity. Results provide further support for the existential security hypothesis of religious belief and support adaptive environmental explanations of societal variation in religiosity.
    DOI: 10.1177/1069397114556071
    URL: Volltext
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  • 92
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    Article
    The Importance of Gossip Across Societies: Correlations With Institutionalization (2014)
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    In:  Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 297
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-3971
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage Periodicals Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 297
    DDC: 150
    Abstract: This article presents a cross-cultural analysis that explores the relationship between the importance of gossip and institutionalization. It is reasoned that as institutionalization increases, so does the difficulty of attaining direct information about events and people that would be consequential for any given individual. As a result, gossip should increase with institutionalization, and complexity generally. This general hypothesis is tested against data from a sample of recent and historical societies. The analysis finds support for the hypothesis and also explores the relationship between gossip and gender autonomy. The results are discussed in terms of understanding gossip as a strategy for attaining information when direct information gathering is inhibited by one's social structural circumstances. The article closes with a discussion of possible implications for contemporary societies.
    DOI: 10.1177/1069397114554383
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  • 93
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    Article
    National Culture and Home Advantage in Football (2014)
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    In:  Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 281
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-3971
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Cross-cultural research : the journal of comparative social science : official journal of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage Periodicals Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 49, No. 3 (2014), p. 281
    DDC: 150
    Abstract: This article examines home advantage (HA) in association football (soccer). HA is the tendency for teams to perform better when playing on their home ground than when playing away. National variations in HA are found to be related to national cultural and social characteristics. HA tends to be elevated in countries with high levels of collectivism and in-group favoritism, and in countries where governance is prone to corruption and where the rule of law is not strictly adhered to. These findings are consistent with the concept of HA as a social phenomenon that derives from the influence of spectators on the match officials. HA is also found to be elevated in countries with diverse terrain, but the effects of culture persist even when diversity of terrain is controlled for. On the other hand, the hypothesis that HA is elevated in the presence of large crowds or potentially violent spectators was not supported.
    DOI: 10.1177/1069397114556055
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686449271
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  • 94
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    Article
    Preying on those close to home: witchcraft violence in a Papua New Guinea Village (2014)
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    In:  The Australian journal of anthropology : official journal of the Australian Anthropological Society Vol. 25, No. 3 (2014), p. 267-286
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    ISSN: 1035-8811
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: The Australian journal of anthropology : official journal of the Australian Anthropological Society
    Publ. der Quelle: Malden, MA : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 25, No. 3 (2014), p. 267-286
    DDC: 590
    Abstract: Recent attacks on suspected witches in Telefomin led to several deaths and the flight of families in fear of their lives. This violence has much in common with similar events elsewhere in PNG, but there are important differences as well: accusations do not have a misogynist cast (all the targets were men), and the witchcraft is attributed to non‐indigenous sources. As in many PNG instances, the police failed to prosecute homicides arising from witchcraft accusations, a fact that has led to widespread local concern. In this paper I present the Telefol cases with a focus on the relation of perpetrators to their victims and to the community at large. I argue that certain aspects of the regional economy combined with a generic witchcraft discourse and the ineffectiveness of the state have fostered a lethal crisis in the relation between villagers and male youth.
    Note: Copyright: © 2014 Australian Anthropological Society
    DOI: 10.1111/taja.12105
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/taja.12105/abstract
    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1644767356
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  • 95
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    Article
    Measurement Error Calibration in Mixed-mode Sample Surveys (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 3 (2014), p. 391
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 3 (2014), p. 391
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: Mixed-mode surveys are known to be susceptible to mode-dependent selection and measurement effects, collectively referred to as mode effects. The use of different data collection modes within the same survey may reduce selectivity of the overall response but is characterized by measurement errors differing across modes. Inference in sample surveys generally proceeds by correcting for selectivity -- for example, by applying calibration estimators -- and ignoring measurement error. When a survey is conducted repeatedly, such inferences are valid only if the measurement error remains constant between surveys. In sequential mixed-mode surveys, it is likely that the mode composition of the overall response differs between subsequent editions of the survey, leading to variations in the total measurement error and invalidating classical inferences. An approach to inference in these circumstances, which is based on calibrating the mode composition of the respondents toward fixed levels, is proposed. Assumptions and risks are discussed and explored in a simulation and applied to the Dutch crime victimization survey.
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114532444
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1699517004
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  • 96
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    An Efficient Alternative Mixed Randomized Response Procedure (2014)
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    In:  Sociological methods & research : SMR Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 706
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    ISSN: 0049-1241
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Sociological methods & research : SMR
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : Sage Publ
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 44, No. 4 (2014), p. 706
    DDC: 300
    Abstract: In this article, we have suggested a new modified mixed randomized response (RR) model and studied its properties. It is shown that the proposed mixed RR model is always more efficient than the Kim and Warde's mixed RR model. The proposed mixed RR model has also been extended to stratified sampling. Numerical illustrations and graphical representations are also given in support of this study. [web URL: http://smr.sagepub.com/content/44/4/706.abstract]
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124114553309
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    URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1744735246
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  • 97
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    ‘Stratified Contraception’: Emergency Contraceptive Pills and Women’s Differential Experiences in Contemporary India (2014)
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    In:  Medical anthropology : cross-cultural studies in health and illness (2014), p. 1-16
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    ISSN: 0145-9740
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Medical anthropology : cross-cultural studies in health and illness
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014), p. 1-16
    DDC: 570
    DOI: 10.1080/01459740.2014.922081
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  • 98
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    Protective effects of the active fraction from the tuber of Scirpus yagara in mouse endotoxin shock model (2014)
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    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 331-337
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    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 331-337
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Scirpus yagara Ohwi is a perennial, aquatic plant, whose dry tubers have long been used as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) "Sanleng" for the treatment of postpartum abdominal pain, hyperemesis gravidarum, amenorrhea, dyspepsia and several inflammatory related diseases. Although it is known to have anti-inflammatory activities, its mechanism of action on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation has not yet been identified in detail.This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the active fraction (AF) from the tuber of Scirpusyagara both in vitro and in vivo. RAW264.7 macrophage was incubated for 16h with 1µg/ml of LPS in absence or presence of AF (0, 10, 50 and 100µg/ml) and the secretions of tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the medium were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the in vivo study, mice were orally administrated with AF (50 and 300mg/kg) for three days consecutively. 1h after the last AF administration, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (15mg/kg), and the life span of LPS-challenged mice were determined. Furthermore, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum, lung and liver were measured using ELISA kit, and histological change in lungs was examined by light microscopy. Additionally, the components of AF were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a C18 column. AF significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-6 production induced by LPS in RAW264.7 macrophage. In LPS-induced mouse endotoxin shock model, AF pre-treatment significantly improved the survival rate of mice. And LPS-induced increases of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum, lung and liver were markedly suppressed by AF. Moreover, the histopathological examination indicated that AF could significantly attenuate lung tissues injury in endotoxemic mice. In addition, eight compounds (protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, methyl-3,6-dihydroxy-2-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-ethynyl] benzoate, sciryagarol I, sparstolonin B, SanLeng diphenyllactone) of AF were quantified by HPLC analysis. These results suggested that AF protected mice against LPS-induced lethality by inhibiting the production of multiple cytokines and organ dysfunction. Thus AF may prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of endotoxin shock.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.032
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25446641
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  • 99
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    Evaluation of the indicative roles of seven potential biomarkers on hepato-nephrotoxicity induced by Genkwa Flos (2014)
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    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 317-324
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 317-324
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: Genkwa Flos, a classical traditional Chinese medicine, is used for the definite antitumor activity and tends to be taken overdose or long term in these years. While the excessive application can result in damage to liver and kidney. In this study, the indicative roles of seven potential biomarkers were evaluated to investigate hepato-nephrotoxicity in the early stages after oral administration of Genkwa Flos for 14 days. Histopathology, serum biochemistry and seven potential biomarkers in serum or urine from male Sprague-Dawley rats were monitored. Hepatic and renal tissues were histopathologically examined to identify specific changes occurring. Routine serum biochemical parameters were tested by using standard clinical laboratory methods. Seven biomarkers including cholic acid, taurine, 5-oxoproline, hippuric acid, uric acid, 3-indoxyl sulfate and kynurenic acid were detected by a developed LC-MS method. The histopathological alterations and the increased levels of serum biochemistry were detected on the 8th day after Genkwa Flos treated. The seven analytes were also found significantly changed in Genkwa Flos treated group, especially cholic acid, taurine, 5-oxoproline and hippuric acid which were changed on the 2nd or 4th day. Although serum biochemistry and histopathology suggested that Genkwa Flos was responsible for the hepato-nephrotoxicity that occurred following the ingestion of this medicinal herb, evaluation of these biomarkers might be more beneficial for the early detection of liver and kidney injuries. This study could be further used in hepatic and renal failures caused by other reasons in the following research works.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.055
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25446584
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  • 100
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    Article
    Casticin inhibits COX-2 and iNOS expression via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages (2014)
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    In:  Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 310-316
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-8741
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnopharmacology : an interdisciplinary journal devoted to bioscientific research on indigenous drugs
    Publ. der Quelle: Shannon : Elsevier Science Ireland
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 158 Pt A (2014), p. 310-316
    DDC: 610
    Abstract: The fruits of Vitex rotundifolia L. are widely used to treat inflammation of the airway in Traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies found that casticin, isolated from Vitex rotundifolia, could induce apoptosis of tumor cells. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of casticin and its underlying molecular mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with various concentrations of casticin (0.3-10μM), and then treated with LPS to induce inflammation. We assayed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) using ELISA, and examined the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 by Western blot. We also investigated the anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism by analyzing inflammatory-associated signaling pathways, including the nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. We found casticin inhibited the levels of nitric oxide and PGE2, and decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). In addition, iNOS and COX-2 expression levels were suppressed and casticin increased HO-1 and Nrf2 production in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, casticin significantly inhibited NF-κB subunit p65 proteins in the nucleus and decreased Akt and MAPK activation. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of casticin is due to inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators by blocking the NF-κB, Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways.
    Note: Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.046
    URL: Volltext
    URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25446583
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