ISBN:
9789402408997
Language:
English
Pages:
1 Online-Ressource (259 pages)
Series Statement:
Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology
Parallel Title:
Print version Langley, Michelle C Osseous Projectile Weaponry : Towards an Understanding of Pleistocene Cultural Variability
DDC:
301
Keywords:
Civilization-History
Abstract:
Foreword: Invention, Innovation, and Creative Imagination -- Originally: An Invention -- Later: Multiple Innovations -- Creative Imagination -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Late Pleistocene Osseous Projectile Technology and Cultural Variability -- Introduction -- Archaeological Perspectives on Cultural Variability -- Issues and Challenges in Osseous Projectile Weaponry Research -- An Overview of Late Pleistocene Osseous Projectile Weaponry -- Conclusion -- References -- Part I: Africa -- Chapter 2: Osseous Projectile Weaponry from Early to Late Middle Stone Age Africa -- Introduction -- Osseous Projectile Technologies -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 3: Bone Point Functional Diversity: A Cautionary Tale from Southern Africa -- Introduction -- Background -- Equating Form with Function -- Methods -- Use-Trace Indicators of Bone Point Functional Diversity -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Europe -- Chapter 4: Early Upper Paleolithic Osseous Points from Croatia -- Introduction -- Sites -- Vindija -- Site Location and History of Excavations -- Stratigraphy, Chronology, and Hominins -- Lithic Industries -- Osseous Industry -- Velika Pec´ina -- Site Location and History of Excavations -- Stratigraphy, Chronology and Hominins -- Lithic Industries -- Osseous Industry -- Bukovac Pećina -- Site Location and History of Excavations -- The Osseous Point -- Šandalja II -- Site Location and History of Excavations -- Stratigraphy and Chronology -- Lithic Industries -- Osseous Industry -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 5: Spanish Aurignacian Projectile Points: An Example of the First European Paleolithic Hunting Weapons in Osseous Materials -- Introduction -- The Raw Material for Hunting Equipment Manufacture -- Antler Weaponry Production -- Getting the Blanks: A New Way to Transform the Osseous Raw Material
Abstract:
Transforming Blanks into Projectile Points -- Split-Based Points -- Morphometric Design -- Split-Based Point Maintenance -- Some Considerations on Hafting and Launching Modes -- Simple-Based Points -- Morphometrical Features of a Heterogeneous Assemblage -- Spears Points Without Evidence for Resharpening and Reshaping -- Some Considerations by Way of Summary and Conclusion -- Deer Antler Working: 'Complex' Transformation of an Osseous Raw Material -- Technological Data for an (In)homogeneous European Aurignacian -- The Invention of Split-Based Points and Their Role in the Adaptation of First European H. sapiens During the Heinrich 4 Climatic Event: Research Perspectives on Aurignacian Osseous Weapons -- References -- Chapter 6: Projectile Weaponry from the Aurignacian to the Gravettian of the Swabian Jura (Southwest Germany): Raw Materials, Manufacturing and Typology -- Introduction -- Research History of the Swabian Jura -- Materials and Methods -- Middle Paleolithic Points -- Aurignacian Points -- Massive-Base Bone Points -- Split-Base Points -- Ivory Points -- Gravettian Points -- Production Sequence for Mammoth Ribs -- Points with a Massive Base -- Points with a Single Beveled Base -- Points with Double Beveled Base -- Point à Base Machonée -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 7: Gravettian Projectile Points: Considerations About the Evolution of Osseous Hunting Weapons in France -- Introduction -- Gravettian Osseous Projectile Points -- Composition of the Osseous Weaponry Assemblages -- Simple Based Points (Fig. 7.3a) -- Single Bevelled Points (Fig. 7.3b) -- Double Bevelled Points -- Points with Bilateral Notches (Fig. 7.3j) -- Points with Mesial Flattening: Gravettian or Solutrean Points? -- Points with Mesial Incisions -- The 'Hafting by Contact' System: A Major Gravettian Innovation?
Abstract:
Chronological Evolution of Osseous Points During the French Gravettian -- Ubiquitous Points and Points with a Strong Chrono-Cultural Association -- Revising the Status of 'Isturitz Points' as Fossile Directeurs for the Noaillian -- Revising the Functional Status of Some Osseous Points: Hunting Points or Tools? -- 'Isturitz Points' -- Bipoints -- Discussion: Chronological and Sociological Perspectives on the Archaeological Data -- From Aurignacian to Gravettian: A Decrease in Osseous Points? -- Mutations in Projectile Points Features -- A Quantitative Development in Hunting Equipment During the Gravettian? -- Interpreting Changes in Gravettian Weaponry -- A Gravettian Innovation: Double Longitudinal Grooving (DLG) -- New Hunting Needs, New Manufacture Methods for Osseous Points? -- A Co-Variation in the Changes Affecting Osseous and Lithic Points -- An Evolution of Techniques and Hunting Strategies Between the Aurignacian and the Gravettian? -- Conclusion…. and Beginnings for Other European Contexts -- References -- Chapter 8: Upper Paleolithic Bone and Antler Projectiles in the Spanish Mediterranean Region: The Magdalenian Period -- Introduction -- Chronological and Cultural Framework -- Badegoulian Assemblage (Layer 2.40-2.20 m) -- Upper Magdalenian Assemblage (0.80-1.00 m) -- Technological Approach to the Magdalenian of Parpalló -- Raw Material -- Level of Preservation -- Technical Description -- Layer 2.20-2.40 m -- Layer 0.80-1.00 m -- Comparison Between the Assemblages from Parpalló -- Osseous Equipment in the Mediterranean Upper Magdalenian -- The Harpoons -- The Gorges -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: A Review of the Osseous Projectile Points from the Upper Paleolithic of Portugal -- Introduction -- The Archaeological Sites and the Sample -- Buraca Grande -- Abrigo do Lagar Velho -- Lapa dos Coelhos -- Gruta do Caldeirão
Abstract:
Gruta da Casa da Moura -- Gruta da Furninha -- Lapa da Rainha -- Gruta das Salemas -- Vale Boi -- Functional aspects -- Surface Modifications -- Fracture Types -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Diversity and Evolution of Osseous Hunting Equipment During the Magdalenian (21,000-14,000 cal BP) -- Introduction -- The Magdalenian Hunting Kit: Characteristics and Changes -- The Lower Magdalenian: c. 21,000-19,000 cal BP (17,500-15,500 BP) -- The Middle Magdalenian: c. 19,000-16,500 cal BP (15,500-13,500 BP) -- The Upper Magdalenian: 16,500-14,000 cal BP (13,500-12,000 BP) -- More on the Production, Maintenance, and Recycling of Magdalenian Projectile Points -- Production Methods -- Evidence for the Repair of Magdalenian Antler Projectile Points -- Recycling of Projectile Weaponry During the Magdalenian -- Hafting and Launching Modes: Direct and Indirect Data -- Barbed or Unbarbed? -- Evidence for Social Interaction from Weaponry -- Summary and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Osseous Projectile Points in the Magdalenian: 'True' Points Versus Pointed Waste-Products -- Introduction -- Chronological and Geographic Distribution of Points with a 'Shortened Base' -- Morpho-Technical Features -- Waste-Products from the Manufacture of Pointed Objects -- Discussion -- Technical Stigmata: From Observation to Interpretation -- Segmented 'Non-Pointed' Waste-Products -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Southeast Asia & Australia -- Chapter 12: Bone Technology from Late Pleistocene Caves and Rockshelters of Sri Lanka -- Introduction -- Batadomba-lena Rockshelter: Background -- Bone Technologies of Batadomba-lena Rockshelter: The Earliest in South Asia -- Bone Point Chronology -- Bone Point Types and Manufacture -- Ecological and Environmental Context of the Batadomba-lena Assemblage
Abstract:
Implications and Potential of Sri Lankan Osseous Technologies -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: The Walandawe Tradition from Southeast Sulawesi and Osseous Artifact Traditions in Island Southeast Asia -- Introduction -- A New Regional Osseous Artifact Sequence from Southeast Sulawesi -- Gua Talimbue -- Gua Mo'o hono -- Gua Sambagowala -- A Five Phase Chronology -- The Walandawe Osseous Artifacts -- Spatulas -- Expedient Tools, Including a Tusk Tool -- Ground Pieces: Fragments of an 'Edge Tool'? -- Points -- Raw Material Usage -- Points' Metrical Variability -- Dentin Points -- Cortex Points -- Cross-Sectional Comparison of Points Made on Different Raw Materials -- Temporal Variation in Metric Attributes -- Point Manufacturing Techniques -- Use Traces -- Use Wear -- Use Damage -- Hafting or Cordage Marks -- Regional Occurrence of Major Osseous Artifact Types -- Spatulas -- Tusk Tools -- Edge Tools -- Points -- Comparison with Other Sulawesi Point Assemblages -- Comparison with Niah Cave Points -- Comparison with Bird's Head Points -- Comparison with North Moluccan Points -- Comparison with Aru Islands Points -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: Bone Projectile Points in Prehistoric Australia: Evidence from Archaeologically Recovered Implements, Ethnography, and Rock Art -- Introduction -- Bone Projectile Weaponry in Australian Ethnography and Archaeological Sites -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Part IV: The Americas -- Chapter 15: A Review of Late Pleistocene North American Bone and Ivory Tools -- Introduction -- Background -- Variation in Form and Function -- Possible Functions -- Foreshafts -- Projectile Points -- Pressure-Flaker Handles -- Sled-Runner Shoes -- Wedges/Prybars -- Staffs -- Spears -- Hafting Wedges -- Discussion -- References
Abstract:
Chapter 16: Hunter-Gatherers of the Old and New Worlds: Morphological and Functional Comparisons of Osseous Projectile Points
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