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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    ISBN: 9781394161331
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (432 pages) , illustrations
    Ausgabe: Fourth edition.
    Serie: For dummies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 330
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Learn the basics of economics and keep up to date on our ever-changing economy. Whether you’re studying economics in high school or college, or you’re just interested in taking a peek into the complexities of how money moves, Economics For Dummies is the go-to reference that transforms complex economic concepts into easy-to-understand reading. With the simple explanations in this book, you’ll master key topics like supply and demand, consumer behavior, and how governments and central banks attempt to avoid—or at least ameliorate—business downturns and recessions. Plus, you’ll learn what’s going on these days with inflation, interest rates, labor shortages, and the Federal Reserve. Studying for an exam? This Dummies guide has your back, with online practice and chapter quizzes to help you get the score you need. It’s time to recon econ, the Dummies way. Economics For Dummies is an approachable reference book for students, as well as an informative guide for anyone interested in learning more about today’s economy.
    Anmerkung: Includes index. - Description based on print version record
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge | London : Taylor & Francis Group
    ISBN: 9781003353560 , 1003353568 , 9781000994131 , 1000994139 , 9781000994209 , 1000994201
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Routledge advances in sociology
    DDC: 306.3094
    Schlagwort(e): Sociology Economic aspects ; Economics Sociological aspects ; Economics ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General ; Europe Social conditions ; Europe Economic conditions
    Kurzfassung: "This volume examines the interplay of society and economy against the backdrop of recent crises as well as technological, political and social change in Europe. Covering a range of case studies from different European countries and regions, the contributions analyse the effects of recent challenges such as the Corona Pandemic, the rise of economic nationalism, the functioning of illegal markets, as well as changes in markets and other economic institutions. The book presents the current state of European economic sociological perspectives as well as an overview of the latest theoretical and methodological advancements in the field. It will appeal to students and scholars of economic sociology, economics, political science, political economy, and comparative capitalism research"--...
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Singapore, Singapore : Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9789819953622
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.2
    Schlagwort(e): Human Geography ; Social Theory ; Urban Policy ; Economics ; Urban Sociology ; Regional and Spatial Economics ; Human geography ; Social sciences / Philosophy ; Urban policy ; Economics ; Sociology, Urban ; Regional economics ; Spatial economics ; Electronic books.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9781003213406 , 9781032455068 , 9781032455082 , 9781003377313
    Sprache: Englisch
    DDC: 305.26094
    Schlagwort(e): Business & management ; Economics ; Microeconomics ; Economic theory & philosophy ; Labour economics ; Economics of aging; health economics; labour economics; structural change; composition of demand; European Union
    Kurzfassung: The definition of “old” has evolved intensively over the years due to demographic changes, and the aging population is one of the most frequently discussed issues in recent decades. The profile of the 21st century senior is completely different from the senior in the second half of the 20th century, not to mention earlier periods in history. As an increasing group of benefactors of human activity, they create demand for products and experiences. The system of goods and services that aims to leverage their purchasing potential and satisfy their consumption needs, including living, health, tourism, cultural, information, and communication needs, has been referred to as the so-called Silver Economy. The book reviews the phenomenon of aging of the EU's population over 50. It also presents a multidimensional view of the potential for the development of this group's economic, social, medical, family, personal and technological demand in the early 21st century. The book analyzes the market behavior of seniors and argues that the Silver Economy will grow in importance and profitability every year in various areas, both public and private. This includes health, finance, employment, leisure and well-being, education, and the use of digital tools. This publication is recommended for policymakers and business players who are considering how to achieve economic development through the growing and changing demand of the aging population. For the world is now facing a challenge that no community has ever faced before - the coexistence of a long-lived population on the one hand and the growing popularity of digital technologies on the other.
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Taylor & Francis | The Hague : OAPEN FOUNDATION
    ISBN: 9781003150398 , 9780367713324 , 9780367713454
    Sprache: Englisch
    Serie: Routledge International Handbooks
    DDC: 305.26
    Schlagwort(e): Labour economics ; Economics ; Medicolegal issues ; Population & demography ; Age groups: the elderly ; economics of ageing,labour economics,generational accounting,health economics,Population Ageing,NTA,Pension Systems,Health Deficits,Pension Reforms,Assortative Matching,Younger Men,Labor Income,Normal Retirement Age,Public Transfers,Income Replacement Rate,OLG Model,Life Cycle Model,Age Profiles,Human Development Index,Retirement Age,Frailty Index,Dependency Ratio,Spousal Health,Differential Mortality,Vice Versa,Public Pension,Effective Retirement Ages,Healthcare Spending,Demographic Transition
    Kurzfassung: Ageing populations pose some of the foremost global challenges of this century. Drawing on an international pool of scholars, this cutting-edge Handbook surveys the micro, macro and institutional aspects of the economics of ageing. Structured in seven parts, the volume addresses a broad range of themes, including health economics, labour economics, pensions and social security, generational accounting, wealth inequality and regional perspectives. Each chapter combines a succinct overview of the state of current research with a sketch of a promising future research agenda. This Handbook will be an essential resource for advanced students, researchers and policymakers looking at the economics of ageing across the disciplines of economics, demography, public policy, public health and beyond.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264343115 , 9789264396784 , 9789264782051
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (203 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Privater Konsum ; Sparen ; Privater Haushalt ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This publication presents guidance for the compilation of distributional results on household income, consumption and saving consistent with national accounts totals. These results are a key input for evidence-based policies targeting inequality and fostering inclusive growth, providing insights into key dimensions of material well-being across household groups. The results complement existing inequality measures by including elements that are often lacking from micro statistics and by providing inequality measures consistent with macroeconomic aggregates, broadening the scope for analyses, while also capturing households and transactions that are typically underrepresented in micro data. Moreover, while the estimates do require a number of statistical choices and assumptions, they have a high degree of international comparability because of the common methodology and their alignment to national accounts results. The handbook provides an overview of the conceptual framework underlying the distributional results and discusses various aspects in relation to the compilation and presentation of the distributional results. It aims to assist compilers in deriving high-quality distributional results and to provide users with more insights into the main benefits of these results as well as into the way that the results have been derived.
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Singapore : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789819985777
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 139 p. 46 illus., 38 illus. in color.)
    Serie: Advances in Japanese Business and Economics 32
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Economics. ; Power resources. ; Energy policy. ; Energy and state. ; Field experiments ; Electric power industry ; Smart grid ; Dynamic pricing ; Demand response ; Power crisis ; Great East Japan Earthquake
    Kurzfassung: Part I Smart Grid Economics -- Chapter 1 Economics of Smart Grid: Smart Grid, Time-dependent Pricing (Dynamic Pricing), Demand Response -- Part II Field Experimental Economics -- Chapter 2 Economics of Field Experiment: History of Field Experiment, especially in Energy and Environmental Economics -- Chapter 3 Dynamic Pricing: Purpose, Design, and Results of Field Experiment of Dynamic Pricing -- Chapter 4 Persistence and Habit Formation: Short-term and Long-term Effects of Conservation Request and Dynamic Pricing -- Chapter 5 Switching Cost and Information Friction: Status Quo Bias and Cognitive Incompleteness of Behavioral Change -- Chapter 6 Social Welfare Analysis: Cost-Benefit Ratio of Installing Smart Grid System -- Part III Toward Power System Restructuring -- Chapter 7 Power System Restructuring and Smart Grids.
    Kurzfassung: This book aims to report on a cutting-edge research project of the smart grid in Japan, resting on the three pillars of field experiments, behavioral economics, and big data. The field experiments on the smart grid were conducted in four regions in Japan—Yokohama city, Toyota city, Keihanna Science City, and Kitakyushu city—over a three-year period from 2012 to 2014 after the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, and the subsequent accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plants. Our focus here is on demand response in the smart grid environment, which we also discuss in the context of power system reforms. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, policy makers, and business leaders.
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9789819953622 , 9819953626
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XXV, 400 Seiten) , 9 illus.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2024
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Ikeda, Sanford A City Cannot Be a Work of Art
    DDC: 304.2
    Schlagwort(e): Human geography ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Urban policy ; Economics ; Sociology, Urban ; Regional economics ; Spatial economics ; Human Geography ; Social Theory ; Urban Policy ; Economics ; Urban Sociology ; Regional and Spatial Economics
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Singapore : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789819966295
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XXV, 152 p. 19 illus., 11 illus. in color.)
    Serie: Public Economy and Urban Governance in China
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Urban economics. ; Development economics. ; Sociology, Urban. ; Infrastructure ; Economic Development ; Economics ; Infrastructure Construction ; China's Economy ; China's Economic Development ; China's Governance System ; National Governance ; GDP ; Infrastructure Economic Growth Model
    Kurzfassung: Introduction -- Brief History and Basic Concepts of Infrastructure -- Origin and Development of Infrastructure Economics -- A Review of Infrastructure Economic Growth Models.-Achievements and Challenges of China’s Infrastructure Development (1949-2019) -- Infrastructure and Market Integration: A Case Study on High-Speed Rail Accessibility -- Infrastructure and Open Development: A Case Study on Foreign Direct Investment.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an overview of the history, basic concepts, and provision models of infrastructure, significant theories on infrastructure economics, practices at home and abroad that reflect the economic development effects of infrastructure, and four infrastructure economic growth models. Great attention is placed on the domestic front. This book describes and discusses in detail the historical background, development trends, achievements, and challenges of China’s infrastructure from 1949 to 2019, under the classic “supply and demand” analysis framework. From the four perspectives of market integration, open development, people’s livelihood, and endogenous growth, this book carries out an empirical study on how to quantify and make causal inferences about the economic development effects of infrastructure. Based on the conclusion that national governance is of important help to infrastructure provision, this book interprets China’s governance system and its impact on infrastructure provision from the angle of decentralization and offers suggestions on policy optimizing.
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264996526 , 9789264451674 , 9789264920927
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (183 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Budgetinzidenz ; Kanada ; Frankreich ; Irland ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Niederlande ; Neuseeland ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: In many countries, public expenditure, including transfers, plays a major role in reducing income inequality. The report reviews the various ways that budgeting can be used to this end. A first includes taking a broad approach to results-based budgeting, taking social and distributional goals into consideration. A second relies on integrating distributional impact analysis directly into the budget process. The report discusses the concrete experience of eight OECD countries in this area, analysing how they are integrating distributional impact assessment in spending and budgeting decisions. Finally, it discusses the tools, frameworks and data that are needed to take distributional considerations into account as part of evidence-informed policy making.
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  • 11
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1790
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastrukturinvestition ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Brasilien ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Infrastructure investment has been low in Brazil over the last decades, leaving significant gaps in all infrastructure sectors. To close these gaps, public investment will need to increase and become more effective, while additional private resources need to be mobilised. Improving strategic planning and effectively translating it into budget allocations over time would increase the quality of infrastructure projects. Promoting foreign participation in public procurement would raise competition and value for public money, while strengthening the governance of SOEs would enhance the quality of infrastructure services. Minimising policy and judicial risks would help to leverage more private infrastructure financing, including at longer maturities, while ensuring an adequate risk sharing between public and private actors.
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  • 12
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1789
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The paper reviews the diverse experience of OECD countries in establishing and running independent fiscal institutions, offering insights that could be useful for Latin American countries seeking to set-up and strengthen those institutions in the region. Through cluster analysis, we identify different types of OECD independent fiscal institutions and draw practical lessons from cases studies. We also identify key features that could serve as a road map for Latin American countries in their efforts to establish or enhance independent fiscal institutions.
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264700079 , 9789264352063 , 9789264592322
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Informelle Wirtschaft ; Niedriglohn ; Schwarzarbeit ; Qualifikation ; Soziale Mobilität ; Education ; Economics ; Development
    Kurzfassung: This report adds two perspectives on informality. First, it disassembles the mechanics of the deleterious links between informal employment, low-paying work and low skills. It shows that informal employment is highly persistent, and that the vulnerability of informal workers is passed on to their children in the absence of adequate education, skills and social protection policy. Second, the report underscores the double burden of informality and low-paying work that a large share of workers in developing and emerging economies carry, and as such calls for policy solutions that go beyond the formalisation agenda and embrace the goal of social justice.
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The growth of strategic budget initiatives – such as gender budgeting and green budgeting - has been a prominent trend in OECD countries. This is driven by a desire to use the budget to help deliver transformational change in relation to key policy priorities demanding a whole-of-government response. This paper outlines the emergence of strategic budget initiatives across OECD countries and offers some preliminary observations on how these initiatives are being designed and implemented.
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031401350
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XXVII, 420 p. 2 illus.)
    Serie: Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Thought
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Economics. ; Schools of economics. ; A Treatise on Money ; John Maynard Keynes ; Ralph Hawtrey ; Social philosophy ; Monetary economics ; A Tract on Monetary Reform ; General Theory ; Cambridge economics ; International Clearing Union plan ; Employment policy
    Kurzfassung: 1. Introduction -- 2. Keynes’s Theory in the Making -- 3. How Did Keynes Transform His Theory from the Tract into the Treatise? -- 4. How, and for How Long Did Keynes Maintain The Treatise Theory? -- 5. The Turning Point in Keynes’s Theoretical Development -- 6. Keynes as a Planner and Negotiator - International Clearing Union -- 7. Keynes and the Transmutation Process of the Plan for Commodity Control Scheme -- 8. International Design and the British Empire - On the Relief Problem -- 9. The Welfare State in the Making - Beveridge and Keynes -- 10. Keynes’s Employment Policy in the Making - The Keynesian Revolution in Economic Policy -- 11. A Treatise on Probability and My Early Beliefs -- 12. Keynes’s New Liberalism Re-Examined -- 13. Hawtrey’s Philosophy through His Unpublished Thought and Things -- 14. Hawtrey on Welfare and Value -- 15. Exploring Hawtrey’s Social Philosophy through His Unpublished Book -- 16. Prof. Aoyama’s Study on Robertson and Keynes in Interwar Japan -- 17. Keynes and Monetary Economics -- 18. Recent Japanese Studies in the Development on Keynes’s Thought.
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an insightful and original perspective on the work and legacy of John Maynard Keynes. It explores his work as an economist, world system planner, and social philosopher to highlight the different ways he influenced economics, economic policy, and the global political economy. Particularly attention is given to the development of the ideas which led up to The General Theory, his role as a planner and negotiator within international organizations, his work on the development of the post-war UK system, his debates with British Economists. This book examines the work and international legacy of one of economics’ defining thinkers. It will be of interest to students and researchers interested in the political economy and the history of economic thought. Toshiaki Hirai is Emeritus Professor at Sophia University. He is editor-in-chief of The Review of Keynesian Studies, published by the Keynes Society Japan.
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031512629
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 295 p. 1 illus.)
    Serie: Palgrave Studies in Classical Liberalism
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Feminist economics. ; Economics. ; Women ; gender equality ; classical liberalism ; separate spheres doctrine ; political economy and gender ; feminist economics ; labour ; home economics ; marriage theory
    Kurzfassung: PART I: Escaping the doctrine of the separate spheres (1700s-early 1900s). The economists’ points of view -- Chapter 1: Educated women as an asset to society: the role of classical liberal tradition in modern Europe -- Chapter 2: Women and the job market in Victorian England and Progressive America -- Chapter 3: Women’s new path towards the public sphere -- Part II: The doctrine of the separate spheres between rebirth and rejection (1920s- early 2000s). Marriage theory in economics -- Chapter 4: Reviving the doctrine of separate spheres: the new home economics -- Chapter 5: Feminist economics and the doctrine of the separate spheres.
    Kurzfassung: This book delves into the doctrine of separate spheres within the history of economic thought. The concept of separate spheres emerged in philosophy and has consistently been incorporated by various disciplines. This book stands as the first comprehensive exploration of how this doctrine was embraced, adapted, and contested by economists engaged in gender issues and marriage theory. Spanning the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century, it illuminates the evolution of the drive for gender equality—rooted primarily in the tradition of classical liberalism—across the landscape of economic ideas and theories. This book is a valuable resource for scholars and researchers interested in the intricate history of the interconnections among between economic thought, feminism, gender studies, and cultural studies. Giandomenica Becchio is Associate Professor at the Department of Economics, Social Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics (ESOMAS), University of Torino, Italy. Her research encompasses the history of economic thought, with a specific emphasis on gender issues, as well as the methodology of economics and the classical liberal tradition within political economy.
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031502224
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XVII, 423 p. 11 illus.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Econometrics. ; Economic history. ; Economic theory ; History of economic thought ; Post-war economics ; economics of neoclassical synthesis ; heterodox economics ; non-walrasian economics ; financial crisis of 2007-2008 ; economics of Harvard, Yale, Chicago and Princeton
    Kurzfassung: Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Economics at Harvard and MIT -- Chapter 3: Economics at the Cowles Commission in Chicago and Yale -- Chapter 4: Economics at the Graduate School of Industrial Administration (GSIA) in Pittsburgh -- Chapter 5: The development of the theory of games at Princeton and the Rand Corporation -- Chapter 6: Economics in Chicago and the New Chicago School -- Chapter 7: Economics in Cambridge, UK, after Keynes -- Chapter 8: Non-Mainstream Economics in the USA -- Chapter 9: Great Theoretical Controversies -- Chapter 8: The Crisis of Keynesianism and the Emergent Dominance of the Chicago School and Neoliberalism à la Chicago. .
    Kurzfassung: This book, set out over four-volumes, provides a comprehensive history of economic thought in the 20th century. Special attention is given to the cultural and historical background behind the development of economic theories, the leading or the peripheral research communities and their interactions, and a critical appreciation and assessment of economic theories throughout these times. Volume III addresses economic theory in the period of the new golden age of capitalism, between the years from the end of the Second World War to the mid1970s, which saw the establishment of the new mainstream, in particular in its Harvard-MIT-Cowles version. It was the period of the pre-eminence of the Neoclassical Keynesian Synthesis—the theoretical core of the period’s dominant school of thought. This work provides a significant and original contribution to the history of economic thought and gives insight to the thinking of some of the major international figures in economics. It will appeal to students, scholars and the more informed reader wishing to further their understanding of the history of the discipline. Roberto Marchionatti is Professor Emeritus of Economics at the University of Torino, Fellow of the Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, and a Life Member of Clare Hall College, Cambridge. He has previously been a Visiting Scholar at the University of New York and the University of Cambridge. He is the editor of Annals of Fondazione Luigi Einaudi: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science and he has been co-editor of History of Economic Ideas. He has published almost 50 journal articles and more than 15 books as well as a great number of contributions in edited volumes.
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
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    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031516818
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XLIII, 912 p. 129 illus., 87 illus. in color.)
    Ausgabe: 3rd ed. 2024.
    Serie: Springer Texts in Business and Economics
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    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Dynamisches Gleichgewicht ; Allgemeines Gleichgewicht ; Agentenbasierte Modellierung ; CGE-Modell ; Theorie ; Economics ; Econometrics. ; Macroeconomics. ; Economic development. ; Computer science. ; Equilibrium (Economics) Mathematical models ; Economics, Mathematical ; Business Cycles ; Computational Economics ; Dynamic General Equilibrium Modeling ; General Equilibrium ; General Equilibrium Modeling ; Growth Theory ; Heterogeneous Agents ; Stochastic Rational Expectations Economies ; Agents ; Growth Model ; Ramsey Model ; Perturbation Methods ; Heterogenous Agent Models ; Monetary and Fiscal Policy ; MATLAB ; GAUSS ; Python ; Lehrbuch ; Dynamische Makroökonomie ; Allgemeines Gleichgewichtsmodell ; Dynamische Makroökonomie ; Allgemeines Gleichgewichtsmodell
    Kurzfassung: Part I: Representative Agent Models: Basic Models -- Perturbation Methods: Framework and Tools -- Perturbation Methods: Solutions -- Perturbation Methods: Model Evaluation and Applications -- Weighted Residuals Methods -- Simulation-Based Methods -- Discrete State Space Value Function Iteration -- Part II: Heterogenous Agent Models: Computation of Stationary Distributions -- Dynamics of the Distribution Function -- Overlapping Generations Models with Perfect Foresight -- OLG Models with Uncertainty -- Part III: Numerical Methods: Linear Algebra -- Function Approximation -- Differentiation and Integration -- Nonlinear Equations and Optimization -- Difference Equations and Stochastic Processes.
    Kurzfassung: Contemporary macroeconomics is built upon microeconomic principles, with its most recent advance featuring dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models. The textbook by Heer and Maußner acquaints readers with the essential computational techniques required to tackle these models and employ them for quantitative analysis. This third edition maintains the structure of the second, dividing the content into three separate parts dedicated to representative agent models, heterogeneous agent models, and numerical methods. At the same time, every chapter has been revised and two entirely new chapters have been added. The updated content reflects the latest advances in both numerical methods and their applications in macroeconomics, spanning areas like business-cycle analysis, economic growth theory, distributional economics, monetary and fiscal policy. The two new chapters delve into advanced techniques, including higher-order perturbation, weighted residual methods, and solutions to high-dimensional nonlinear problems. In addition, the authors present further insights from macroeconomic theory, complemented by practical applications like the Smolyak algorithm, Gorman aggregation, rare disaster models and dynamic Laffer curves. Lastly, the new edition places special emphasis on practical implementation across various programming languages; accordingly, its accompanying web page offers examples of computer code for languages such as MATLAB®, GAUSS, Fortran, Julia and Python. "This book does not only an excellent job in explaining the existing tools, but it also teaches the reader on how to write his/her own programs and it provides the reader with the tools to help advance the state of the art of dynamic macroeconomics." Wouter J. Den Haan, London School of Economics ”... provides the reader with exactly the necessary computational tools to solve the dynamic general equilibrium models macroeconomists care about. It is therefore the perfect complement to Stokey, Lucas and Prescott's and Sargent and Ljungqvist's theoretical treatment of modern macroeconomics." Dirk Krueger, University of Pennsylvania.
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Taylor & Francis | The Hague : OAPEN FOUNDATION
    ISBN: 9780367713324 , 9780367713454
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Suppl.: Enthalten in The Routledge Handbook of the Economics of Ageing
    DDC: 305.26
    Schlagwort(e): Labour economics ; Economics ; Medicolegal issues ; Population & demography ; Age groups: the elderly ; Healthy Life Expectancy,Universal Health Coverage,Human Development Index,Medium Variant Projections,PLHIV,Lower Middle Income Countries,Healthy Ageing,Demographic Transition,Country Income Groups,ITU,Hypertensive Heart Disease,High Income Countries,Northern America,Age Related Hearing Loss,Lower Respiratory Infection,Population Ageing,Alzheimer’s Disease,WPP,Ageing World,Ischemic Heart Disease,Global Burden,Crude Death Rate
    Kurzfassung: Ageing populations pose some of the foremost global challenges of this century. Drawing on an international pool of scholars, this cutting-edge Handbook surveys the micro, macro and institutional aspects of the economics of ageing. Structured in seven parts, the volume addresses a broad range of themes, including health economics, labour economics, pensions and social security, generational accounting, wealth inequality and regional perspectives. Each chapter combines a succinct overview of the state of current research with a sketch of a promising future research agenda. This Handbook will be an essential resource for advanced students, researchers and policymakers looking at the economics of ageing across the disciplines of economics, demography, public policy, public health and beyond.
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    ISBN: 9781003351382
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 138 Seiten) , 1 Diagramm
    Ausgabe: First edition
    Serie: Routledge frontiers of political economy
    Schlagwort(e): International business ; Economics ; Political economy ; Geopolitics ; China ; USA ; Europäische Union ; Staatskunst ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Geschichte 1500-2020
    Kurzfassung: This book provides insights on the art of governing a state and managing its external relations from a wealth-power logic. It looks at "economic statecraft", which consists of wealth production, wealth mobilization, and wealth-power conversion by a state. This book reconceptualizes what economic statecraft is and proposes a new theory focused on wealth-power conversion. With a long historic perspective, this book goes through the modern history of Western powers practicing economic statecraft since 1500, and presents three case studies, the United States, the European Union, and China, the three biggest users of economic statecraft in the contemporary world. The book serves as an ideal reference for policy makers, businesspeople, and researchers whose work touch upon either wealth creation, power projection, or the combination of both.
    Anmerkung: Enthält Literaturangaben und ein Register
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Cover
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  • 21
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    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031487705
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 827 p. 92 illus., 75 illus. in color.)
    Serie: Contributions to Management Science
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Finance. ; Commercial law. ; Economics ; Financial services industry. ; Regulation ; Supervision ; Decentralized Finance ; Islamic Finance ; Islamic Law ; Insolvency Law ; Financial Globalization ; Takaful ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: Chapter 1. Islamic Entrepreneurship: a Systematic Literature Review -- Chapter 2. Harmonization of Islamic Financial Literacy in Understanding the Islamic Banking Services: the Case in Malaysia -- Chapter 3. A Systematic Review: Challenge of Islamic Microfinance Baitul Maal Wat Tanwil in Indonesia -- Chapter 4. Islamic Peer-to-peer (P2P) Financing as an Alternate Model of MSME Financing in Nigeria -- Chapter 5. The Relationship Between Business Intelligence and Digital Banking Services in Jordanian Islamic Banks -- Chapter 6. The Impact of Islamic Finance on Economic Growth : the Malaysian Experience -- Chapter 7. The Efficiency of Participation Banking Sector in Turkey: A DEA Approach -- Chapter 8. Understanding the Practices and Challenges of Sustainability Reporting in Islamic Banking -- Chapter 9. Are Women a Gender Dividend for Investment – an Empirical Analysis From Indian Working Women Perspective -- Chapter 10. Potential Impact of Metaverse-based Banking on Employment in the BankingSector in India -- Chapter 11. The Impact of Credit Risk Mitigation on the Profits of Investment Deposits in Islamic Banks -- Chapter 12. The Effect of Job Seekers' Perception on the Intention to Apply for Jobs in Islamic Banks in Indonesia -- Chapter 13. Factors Influencing the Adoption of Business Intelligence in Islamic Banks -- Chapter 14. Prospects of a Partnership-based Islamic Microfinance ‎model in Bangladesh: Clients Perspectives -- Chapter 15. Analyzing Islamic Crowdfunding Through Bibliometric and Visualization Approaches -- Chapter 16. Benchmarking as a Mechanism to Measure Reference Efficiency and Improve the Performance of a Group of Banks, Using the DEA Data Envelope -- Chapter 17. A Perspective on the Existence and Development of Islamic Banking in India -- Chapter 18. Women Outreach Exploration; Evidence From Islamic Microfinance in Indonesia -- Chapter 19. The Impact of Necessity on Deposit Guarantee in Islamic Banks an Applied Jurisprudential Study -- Chapter 20. The FinancialImpact of Islamic Banking on Supporting and Developing Small and Medium Enterprises an Assessment of the Reality of Global Bank Al-Salam -- Chapter 21. A Qualitative Evaluation of Narrative Effectiveness Used in the Six and Titanic Films: a Forgotten Minority Perspective -- Chapter 22. Sukuk Blockchain - an Innovation: Opportunities and Challenges -- Chapter 23. Linking Brand Awareness, Influencers and Impulse Buying via Sor Theory: a Conceptual Paper -- Chapter 24. Bibliometric Analysis of Internal Audit Quality of Public Sector Organizations -- Chapter 25. Systematic Literature Review About Examining the Factors Affecting Omans Implementation of E-government -- Chapter 26. Role of Payment Innovation on Bank Performance: What Happens to the Bank if Cash Goes Away? -- Chapter 27. Investigating the Factors Influencing Mobile Commerce Usage of SMES in Hargeisa, Republic of Somaliland: a Review of Literature -- Chapter 28. Breaking Barriers: Exploring the Gender Moderation in Factors Affecting University Choice for Students -- Chapter 29. An in-depth Exploration of the Evolution and Imple-mentation of Halal Pharmaceutical Certification Schemes in Malaysia -- Chapter 30. Examining the Impact of Entrepreneurship Performance on Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) -- Chapter 31. The Penta Helix Model in Management of Livestock Compost in Pakisjajar Village Communities -- Chapter 32. Student Performance in Mathematics and Its Impact on Learning Stem Subjects -- Chapter 33. Identifying the Sugarcane Trading System in Indonesia: an Institutional Economics Perspective -- Chapter 34. Going Global in the Digital Age Keeping Up and Staying Ahead in Today's Tech-driven Society -- Chapter 35. The Development of Women's Education Under Local Organizations in Kelantan, 1932-1957 -- Chapter 36. Nurturing Student Academic Performance: Unveiling the Impact of Smart Classroom, Perceived Ease of Use, Self-efficacy, and Islamic Spiritual Values -- Chapter 37. The Prospectof Work From Home in the Public Sector -- Chapter 38. Analytical Study on Ethical Issues in Events- Voices From Muslim Organizers -- Chapter 39. Crowdsourcing: a Catalyst for SMES to Ideation and Commercialization? -- Chapter 40. Correlation Between Flash Floods and Variable Improper Drainage Systems: Experiences Impacts of Flash Floods From Bandar Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia -- Chapter 41. Development of New Funding Formula in Malaysian Public Universities -- Chapter 42. Adapting to Technologicatransformation: Jobs and Skills in Malaysia's Evolving Work Landscape -- Chapter 43. Factors Shaping the Propensity of UAE Secondary School Teachers to Incorporate Education 4.0 -- Chapter 44. Role of Credit Attitude on Credit Card Misuse: a Study of Malaysian Working Adults -- Chapter 45. Social Media Marketing for Micro-enterprises in Malaysia: Branding for the Future? -- Chapter 46. English Majors Intercultural Competence and Chinese Cultural Aphasia -- Chapter 47. Study on Socio-demographic of Healthcare Waqf Do-nors: Waqf Contribution and Its Association With the Faith and Attitude Influence -- Chapter 48. Students Inclination and Preferences for Tahfiz Program in UiTM -- Chapter 49. Risk Mitigation Strategy for Agency Problems in Micro Business Financing of Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil: a Qualitative Swot Analysis -- Chapter 50. The Mental Processes in Beauty of Shaanxi: an Ecological Discourse Analysis Perspective -- Chapter 51. Powerful Entrepreneurial Networking: Bridging the Gap in Marketing Performance of Halal SMES -- Chapter 52. Environmental Awareness Impact on Coastal Residents Emotional Intelligence and Personality -- Chapter 53. Vernacular Masjid as a Development of the Basic Arche-type of the Punctured Pavilion: a Technological and Cul-tural Manifestation in the Southeast Asian Region -- Chapter 54. Policy and Digital Economy and Society Development Action Plan Phase 2 (B.E. 2566 " 2570) and Digital Economy and Society Development Action Plan for Human Resource Development Phase2 (B.E.2566 " 2570) -- Chapter 55. Factor Influencing of Toxic Masculinity on Young and Adult Productivity: a Systematic Review -- Chapter 56. Metaphor Construction of Environmental Issues in Chinese and American News Media -- Chapter 57. A Proposed Model for Embracing Digital Horizons: Exploring Patient-centric Wearable Healthcare Technology -- Chapter 58. Exploring the Appropriate Legal Mechanisme for Consumer in Halal Food Abuse -- Chapter 59. Islamic Environmental Education: Case Study of the Institute of Islamic Understanding Malaysia (IKIM) -- Chapter 60. Food Waste Management Technology in Malaysia: Lessons From the United States and European Union -- Chapter 61. Consumer Adoption of Brimo Mobile Banking Applica-tion: an Extended Tam Perspective -- Chapter 62. The Issue of Cybersex Addiction Among Children in Peninsular Malaysia: the Process of Development and Validation of Instrument -- Chapter 63. Measurement of Religiosity in Islamic Perspective -- Chapter 64. Ma'iyyah Work-life Enhancement: Islamic Values Approach to Strengthen Work Engagement -- Chapter 65. Digital Loneliness in Social Media: the Epoch of Our Connected and Distraction World.
    Kurzfassung: This volume discusses the new trends in law and regulation in Islamic finance. Islamic finance is a particular component of the global financial system and is very different from secular finance. To understand the development of Islamic finance, it is important to place it in the context of financial globalization. Islamic finance is a new force in the contemporary world financial system and is present in more than a hundred countries. The current generation of Muslim economic power is crowding into the world's financial currents with trillions in liquidity and is growing at a high rate of 10-15% per year. Islamic finance is coming into focus and is not confined to Islamic countries but is present in every larger Muslim community, which means that it cannot be isolated from the effects of financial globalization. This edited volume discusses the effects of global financial transactions in Islamic finance and how it impacts its law and regulation.
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  • 22
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    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031530555
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 162 p. 3 illus.)
    Serie: International Law and Economics
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Roy, Shubhangi When Do People Obey Laws?
    Schlagwort(e): Law and economics. ; Economics ; Law ; Social psychology. ; Law and social norms ; Law obedience ; Law and behaviour ; Legal compliance ; Law enforcement ; Law and economics ; Behavioral influence ; Human behavior ; Social communication ; Institutional conditions ; Law and social psychology ; Law obedience ; Interest lobbies
    Kurzfassung: Chapter 1. Focusing on When Do People Obey Laws and Why It Matters -- Part I: Developing an Integrated Approach to Compliance -- Chapter 2. An Integrated Framework of Compliance With Law as Social Influence: When Law Changes Behaviors -- Chapter 3. When Law Changes Attitudes Within the Integrated Approach -- Part II: Applying an Integrated Approach to Compliance to Motivational Mechanisms of Why People Obey Laws -- Chapter 4. Understanding the Powers and Limits of Legal Expression to Create Change Through the Integrated Approach to Compliance -- Chapter 5. Understanding the Role of Procedural Justice in Compliance Through the Integrated Framework -- Chapter 6. Understanding When Do People Obey Laws Through an Integrated Approach to Compliance: Concluding Remarks.
    Kurzfassung: This book examines the intricate dynamics of when individuals adhere to laws, taking into account the context in which laws attempt to shape human behavior. While existing literature touches upon various reasons why people comply with laws, the book focuses on a critical question which has been missing from the discussion: when do people obey laws? By treating law as a form of social communication, it develops an integrated framework to answer this question. It explores how social, psychological, and institutional conditions shape compliance decisions of individuals. What does a law signify? When does the compulsion to obey arise? When do individuals comply out of a fear for legal sanctions or social repercussions? Why do some laws have high symbolic values and others fail despite harsh punishments? The book unveils the contextual intricacies that underlie obedience to law. It challenges conventional wisdom and offers a fresh perspective on the power and limitations of law in shaping human behavior. For scholars and academics seeking a deeper understanding of legal compliance and role of law in shaping behaviors, this book will be an indispensable resource.
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  • 23
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    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Singapore : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789819707065
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 176 p. 9 illus., 6 illus. in color.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Household Finance ; Finance Health ; Financial Resilience ; Financial Literacy ; Family Financial Behavior ; Household Asset Allocation ; Risky Financial Market ; Entrepreneurial Activity ; Financial Consumer Protection ; FinTec
    Kurzfassung: Chinese Household Finance: Research Background and Conceptual Delineation -- Health status, risk attitude and Household financial investment behavior -- Housing type, financial literacy and household financial investment behavior -- The effect of mental accounting and housing wealth on household financial asset allocation -- The age-period-cohort effect on household financial health -- The influence of risk attitude and borrowing participation on resident entrepreneurship -- The influence of financial exclusion and financial literacy on resident entrepreneurship -- The impact of digital technology on household finance -- Fintech, household finance, and financial consumer protection: opportunities, challenges, and countermeasures.
    Kurzfassung: This book systematically studies and discusses pertinent issues related to household finance in China. This book not only elucidates the concept and connotation of household finance, but also extensively examines the significance and necessity of enhancing household finance and upholding household financial well-being. Drawing upon theories from economics, psychology, sociology, and behavioral finance, it conducts a quantitative analysis of family finance and its influencing factors by constructing models such as Probit model, Tobit model, and APC model to empirically test the underlying mediation mechanism. In addition, from the perspective of inclusive finance development and safeguarding the rights and interests of financial consumers, this book expounds on its profound impact on household finance. This book is a valuable reference for researchers in related fields, and it also provides some insights into residents’ and families’ awareness of financial health. Furthermore, it aids in formulating and improving consumption policies, adjusting economic structures, and preventing household financial risks. This research provides valuable guidance for enhancing family welfare and increasing property income for Chinese residents.
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  • 24
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    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031517372
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 271 p. 11 illus.)
    Serie: Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Thought
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Macroeconomics. ; Schools of economics. ; International economic relations. ; Financial services industry. ; history of economic thought through 1925 ; history of economic thought since 1925 ; monetary economics ; central banking ; international monetary arrangements and institutions ; economic pathologies ; monetary reform ; national payments ; international payments ; sovereign debt crises ; theory of money emissions
    Kurzfassung: Chapter 1. Introduction -- PART 1: NATIONAL PAYMENTS- Chapter 2. Nominal and real money, general equivalent, and value -- Chapter 3. From money as a numéraire to the quantity theory of money -- Chapter 4. Keynes on bank money and the ‘monetary theory of production’ -- Chapter 5. The macroeconomic analysis of national payments -- PART II: INTERNATIONAL PAYMENTS -- Chapter 6. The classical view of international transactions -- Chapter 7. The neoclassical approach to international transactions -- Chapter 8. Keynes’s analysis of external payments -- Chapter 9. The macroeconomic analysis of international payments -- Chapter 10. Conclusion.
    Kurzfassung: This book demonstrates the relevance of the historical perspective with respect to national and international payment systems. Its analysis of national and international payments develops along a dialectical path that starts with the work of the Classics (thesis), undergoes a radical turn with the advent of the neoclassical school (antithesis), and reaches the modern theory of emissions passing through Keynes’s contribution (synthesis). That the history of economic thought occupies a legitimate place in the field of historical studies is beyond dispute. What may be less well understood is that it can serve purposes beyond those of the academic community of historians. This book critically investigates the contributions of the greatest economists of the past to provide insights into the pathologies of today’s systems of national and international payments and into the reforms that are needed to correct them. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in economic policy and the history of economic thought. Andrea Carrera is an Assistant Professor of Applied Economics at Complutense University of Madrid and an Affiliated Researcher at the Complutense Institute for International Studies (ICEI). He has also been serving as a Marie Skłodowska-Curie exchange researcher in Asia and South America. His current research interests are in monetary economics and economic catch-up. Alvaro Cencini is Professor Emeritus of Monetary Economics at the Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland. He holds a D.phil degree from the University of Fribourg and a Ph.D. degree from the London School of Economics. He is the author of several books, contributions to books, and peer-reviewed journals on monetary economics. See also: www.quantum-macroeconomics.info.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9783031494468
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XVII, 339 p.)
    Serie: Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Thought
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Economics. ; Latin America ; Economic history. ; Institutionalisation of Political Economy ; International Circulation of Economic Ideas ; New Latin American Republics ; Trade Policy ; Translations of Political Economy ; Late Enlightenment ; Spanish Liberalism ; Monetary Policy ; Public Finances ; Classical Political Economy ; Atlantic History ; Spanish Exile ; José Joaquín de Mora
    Kurzfassung: 1. Introduction. A distinctive proponent of classical political economy in the Spanish-speaking world -- 2. The Absolutism six-year Period (1814-1820). Encountering Smith and Say -- 3. The Liberal Triennium (1820-1823). Mora, Bentham and radical liberalism -- 4. London (1824-1827). The approach to British Classical political economy -- 5. Argentina (1827-1828). An early attempt to introduce economic liberalism in Hispanic America -- 6. Chile (1828-1832): 'El Mercurio Chileno' and the model of economic development for the Hispanic American republics -- 7. Peru and Bolivia. Teaching, journalism and diplomacy -- 8. Back to Spain (1843-1853). The debate on free trade in Spain under the sway of moderate liberalism -- 9. Mora and the Enciclopedia Moderna’s (1853-1855) entries on Political Economy and Public Finance -- 10. Mora and the articles for the journal 'La América': Dialoguing once again with Latin America from Spain -- 11. Epilogue. The art of dissemination.
    Kurzfassung: This book examines the dissemination, adaptation, and application of classical economic ideas within the Hispanic world through the life of José Joaquín de Mora. Focusing on the decades surrounding the creation of the Latin American republics, it highlights how ideas from the classical political economy, including liberalism and free trade, were pioneered in the work of Mora and disseminated across the Spanish speaking world. Particular attention is given to the influence of Mora in Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Bolivia and how he helped shape their economic development models and political environments. This book examines the essential role José Joaquín de Mora played in the ideological and political modernisation of Latin America. It will be of interest to students and researchers interested in the history of economic thought and the political economy. Jesús Astigarraga is Professor of Economics at the University of Zaragoza. Javier Usoz is Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Zaragoza. Juan Zabalza is Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Alicante.
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9781032455068 , 9781032455082
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.)
    DDC: 305.26094
    Schlagwort(e): Business & management ; Economics ; Microeconomics ; Economic theory & philosophy ; Labour economics ; Economics of aging; health economics; labour economics; structural change; composition of demand; European Union
    Kurzfassung: This chapter is to demonstrate the challenges related to free time of seniors (especially EU residents) in the 21st century. The starting point for the considerations was to explain the concept of free time and to specify its characteristics, functions, and ways of using it. The structure of the seniors' time budget and leisure activities undertaken by this group were analyzed (based on Eurostat data). Subsequently, one of the important forms of free time management, that is, tourism, was studied. First, the essence of tourist activity was discussed and the reasons for undertaking it in the autumn of life. Second, the functions of senior tourism were distinguished and data on the participation of seniors from EU countries in it were presented. Third, taking into account that the concept of active aging is increasingly the participation in various types of courses, trainings, workshops, etc., the chapter defines the place of seniors in the process of lifelong learning. The tasks of the University of the Third Age (U3A) were systematized and the available data on the participation of European seniors in educational programs were analyzed. The conclusion emphasizes the heterogeneity of the silver head segment.
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  • 27
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    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031544231
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 175 p. 1 illus.)
    Serie: Palgrave Studies in Classical Liberalism
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Sombart, Werner ; Economics ; Europe ; Economic history. ; Finance, Public. ; socialism ; capitalism ; spirit of capitalism ; Max Weber ; Werner Sombart ; modern capitalism ; Marxism
    Kurzfassung: 1. Introduction: Werner Sombart and the "Spirit" of Modern Capitalism -- 2. Sombart and the "Spirit" of Modern Capitalism-1900-1910 -- 3. Sombart and the "Spirit" of Modern Capitalism-1910-1920 -- 4. Sombart and the "Spirit" of Modern Capitalism-1920-1930 -- 5. Sombart and Modern Capitalism-The Essays -- 6. Conclusion: Sombart's "Spirit" of Modern Capitalism.
    Kurzfassung: This book illuminates the work of Werner Sombart, a key contemporary of Max Weber, showing how his writing and thinking laid the groundwork for concepts of modern capitalism. Although the notion of the ‘spirit’ of modern capitalism is most associated with Weber, it was Sombart who first used this phrase, with Weber focusing mainly on socioeconomics while Sombart continued to develop his ideas around modern capitalism. This book critically analyses Sombart’s groundbreaking work, “Der moderne Kapitalismus” among his other writings to demonstrate how they may be read as a complementary alternative to Weber, providing a more detailed, sustained, and a comprehensive account of the genesis and nature of modern capitalism. This book will be of interest to a scholarly audience including students and researchers of the history of economic thought, as well as areas of sociology, politics, and political economy. Christopher Adair-Toteff is a philosopher and social theorist who has concentrated on social-political and social-economic issues in late nineteenth and early twentieth century Germany. His recent books include Carl Schmitt on Law and Liberalism (Palgrave 2020), Max Weber's Path from Political Economy to Social Economics (Routledge 2021) and The Early Austrian School of Economics: Money, Value, Capital (Routledge 2022). He also published Fundamental Concepts in Max Weber's Sociology of Religion (Palgrave 2015). .
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783031484575
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 316 p. 55 illus., 37 illus. in color.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The ESG framework and the energy industry
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Power resources. ; Business enterprises ; Economics ; Energy policy. ; Energy and state. ; Environmental ; Social and Governance ; Corporate finance ; Economic Incentives for ESG Activities ; Market-Based Policies for ESG Activities ; Financial markets ; Financial risks ; Corporate governance ; Behavioral finance ; Energy financing ; Energy markets ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: Chapter 1. Introduction (James Thewissen) -- Part I. Energy Resources and ESG Criteria: Demand and Supply Issues -- Chapter 2. The Causal Relationship Between ESG and Economic Growth: Evidence from the Panel of Commonwealth Independent States (Nermin Yasar Baskaraagac) -- Chapter 3. Macroeconomic Determinants of Energy Poverty in Türkiye (Goktug Sahin) -- Chapter 4. Towards Economic Growth Without CO2 Emissions: the Case of Türkiye (Wietze Lise) -- Chapter 5. The Natural Gas War between Europe and Russia after the Invasion of Ukraine (Mehmet Baha) -- Part II. Market-Based Policies for ESG Activities in the Energy Sector -- Chapter 6. ESG Performances of Energy Companies in OECD Countries: A Clustering Approach (Cem Menten) -- Chapter 7. The Impact of Renewable Energy Incentives on Carbon Prices in the USA (Esin Hilal Çoşkun) -- Chapter 8. Static and Dynamic Connectedness between Green Bonds and Clean Energy Markets (Ayşe Nur Şahinler) -- Chapter 9. Do Green Bonds Improve the Stock and Environmental Performance of Energy Firms? International Evidence (Mehmet Baha Karan) -- Part III. Dealing with ESG Issues: Creating Corporate Value -- Chapter 10. Resilience in Power Generation: Two Case Studies from Turkey (Fatih Avcı) -- Chapter 11. The Effect of Environmental Scores on Financial Performance in the European Region (Gizem Arı) -- Chapter 12. The Impact of Executive Pay Gap on Environmental and Social Performance in the Energy Sector: Worldwide Evidence (Deniz Kartal) -- Chapter 13. Sector and Country Effects of Carbon Reduction on Firm Performance (Robin van Emous).
    Kurzfassung: This book contributes to a better understanding of the importance of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles for corporate value in the energy industry. In particular, it analyzes how the energy industry is achieving this shift in response to government regulations and how it is addressing specific ESG issues. It discusses various economic incentives and market-based policies for ESG activities in the energy sector and highlights how energy firms are using environmental, social and governance initiatives to create value. In turn, the book demonstrates how ESG principles can be implemented while considering various economic and corporate issues, such as financial markets, financial risks, asset pricing, value at risk, capital structure, capital budgeting, corporate (re)structuring, corporate governance, behavioral finance, financial performance, asset pricing, cost control, financial accounting, fiscal issues, institutions, governance, and legal aspects. Accordingly, it will appeal to scholars of economics, finance, and energy policy, and to anyone interested in the implementation of ESG principles in the energy industry. This is the ninth book in a series organized by the Centre for Energy and Value Issues (CEVI). In this book, CEVI collaborates with the Hacettepe University Energy Markets Research and Application Center (Ankara, Turkey). The previous volumes in the series were: Financial Aspects in Energy (2011), Energy Economics and Financial Markets (2012), Perspectives on Energy Risk (2014), Energy Technology and Valuation Issues (2015), Energy and Finance (2016), Energy Economy, Finance and Geostrategy (2018), Financial Implications of Regulations in the Energy Industry (2020) and Applied Operations Research and Financial Modelling in Energy (2021).
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  • 29
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    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031530517
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 321 p. 36 illus., 1 illus. in color.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Priority of Needs?
    Schlagwort(e): Social choice. ; Welfare economics. ; Economics ; Public administration. ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology). ; Political science ; Need-based distributive justice ; Identification of needs ; Social recognition of needs ; Social groups ; Political recognition of needs ; Welfare ; Social utility ; Justice principles ; Prioritization in the health care sector ; Pandemic ; Covid-19 ; Social equity ; Welfare state ; Social identity ; Decision-making ; Equality ; Administrative processes ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: Chapter 1. Why Prioritize Needs? -- Part I: Identification of Needs -- Chapter 2. Need as One Distribution Principle: Frames and Framing -- Chapter 3. Measuring Need-Based Justice—Empirically and Formally -- Part II: Structures and Processes of the Recognition of Needs -- Chapter 4. The Social Recognition of Needs -- Chapter 5. The Political Recognition of Needs -- Chapter 6. Deliberation and Need-Based Distribution -- Part III: Welfare Consequences of Prioritizing Need-based Distributions -- Chapter 7. Need-based Justice and Social Utility: A Preference Approach -- Chapter 8. How Sustainable is Need-Based Redistribution? -- Part IV Differentiation -- Chapter 9. Need and Street-Level Bureaucracy. How Street-Level Bureaucrats Understand and Prioritize Need -- Chapter 10. Justice Principles, Prioritization in the Health Care Sector, and the Effect of Framing -- Chapter 11. Conclusion: Elements of a Theory of Need-Based Justice.
    Kurzfassung: This book develops an empirically informed normative theory of need-based justice, summarizing core findings of the DFG research group FOR2104 “Need-based Justice and Distributive Procedures”. In eleven chapters scholars from the fields of economics, political science, philosophy, psychology, and sociology cover the identification and rationale of needs, the recognition and legitimacy of needs, the dynamics and stability of procedures of distributions according to needs, and the consequences and sustainability of need-based distributions. These four areas are studied from the perspective of two mechanisms of need objectification, the social objectification by the discursive generation of mutual understanding (transparency) and the factual objectification by the transfer of decisions to uninvolved experts (expertise). The volume addresses academics in the fields of justice research, ethics, political theory, social choice and welfare, framing, individual and group decision making, inequality and redistribution, as well as advanced students in the contributing disciplines.
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  • 30
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    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Singapore : Springer
    ISBN: 9789819714995
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 207 p. 31 illus., 26 illus. in color)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2024
    Serie: Creative Economy
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    DDC: 306.3
    Schlagwort(e): Cultural Economics ; Cultural Heritage ; Tourism Management ; Economics ; Culture ; Cultural property ; Tourism ; Management
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9783031499517
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource(XI, 340 p. 57 illus., 40 illus. in color.)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2024.
    Serie: Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Finance. ; Economics ; Tourism. ; Entrepreneurship. ; New business enterprises. ; Econometrics.
    Kurzfassung: This book features a collection of high-quality and peer-reviewed papers from the 2023 7th International Conference on Applied Economics and Business, which was held in Copenhagen, Denmark, during August 24-26, 2023. ICAEB is held annually as a platform for the presentation of new advances and research results in the fields of applied economics and business. Applied economics is a way of dealing with esoteric economic concepts in a practical and analytical way. It allows for decisions to be made that are underlined by theoretical economic principles but utilized in such a way that they transform into real work applications. The contributors cover topics such as environment, development, finance, forensics, information, institutions, international, labor, management, mathematics, currency, tourism and many more. Applied Economics affects all aspects of life and science and it is brought to the forefront in this collection of papers. The conference, with its aim to bring together economists from different fields, lends itself to a natural and rich collection of scientific papers all focused on the practical application of economic principles. The scope of this collection of papers will be useful to academics and practitioners who look to economics to help solve problems.
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  • 32
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    Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore | Singapore : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9789819713820
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource(XVI, 328 p. 123 illus., 94 illus. in color.)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2024.
    Serie: Springer Texts in Business and Economics
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Schools of economics. ; Economics ; Economics. ; Econometrics.
    Kurzfassung: Critical Assessments of Economics -- The Role of Money -- A Critical Assessment of Pure Economics -- Redomaining Equilibrium Economics -- Interpreting the Iterated Dilemma Games by using the Presentation Like “Cellular Automatons" -- Evolution of Economics -- The Evolution of Molecule System and the Systemic Risks -- A Measure of Systemic Risk Derived from the Input-Output Table -- Alternative Developing Tools for Economics -- Evolutionary Reconstruction of Economics -- The Reconstruction of the Theory of Production and Preference -- Choice Axioms and A Geometrical Analysis of Rankings -- The Evolution of Exchange Process -- A Theory of International Trade -- Elementary Stochastic Methods for Economics -- Elementary Tools for Stochasitc Analysis -- Stochastic Methods from the Simplest Transaction Dynamics to the Complex Networks -- Statistical Approach on The Economic System.
    Kurzfassung: This textbook presents a new way to visualize or imagine the evolutionary architecture of economics, to judge both its practical outcomes and its ultimate value. Evolutionary economics employs an Aristotelian architecture. The cognitive value of this imagination[H1] must be directly relevant to the evolutionary theory and practice of designing the architecture of the economic system. Mainstream economics completely ignores design value in order to concentrate on the ideal, Platonic vision of the economy. The current system is no longer one that converges on a constant entity, because the system is constantly evolving. The advent of the digital economy is an indispensable next step, and computational power and algorithmic rationality are increasingly dominating the economic system—and complicating it. In today’s society, neither fault nor malice matters in the algorithmic or human system. There is little room left for the effective working of human reason. Correspondingly, the meanings of money, exchange, the market system, auctions, production, consumption, and the currency transaction system are poised to change. In most cases, there will be digital counterparts. A smart contract tied together with DLT, for example, makes it possible to design an economically well-behaved peer-to-peer (P2P) system, which ranges from the micromarket to the international currency transaction system. The introduction of this technology and its architectural design may suggest what a truly decentralized future entails. This change may also bring about a new understanding of existing social consensus and practice. Thus, the implementation of these considerations naturally leads to a new style of chapter structuring in this book, from the classical analytical approach to exploring computational methods and digital tools: in many cases, the problems presented in each chapter are combined with discussions of a respective computational method and its practical value. .
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  • 33
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    Cham :Springer International Publishing,
    ISBN: 978-3-031-22067-8
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 209 Seiten) : , Illustrationen.
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023
    Serie: World-Systems evolution and global futures
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    DDC: 338.9
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Political Economy and Economic Systems ; Sociology of Migration ; Human Migration ; Economic Sociology ; Globalization ; Labor and Population Economics ; Economics ; Emigration and immigration—Social aspects ; Emigration and immigration ; Economic sociology ; Globalization ; Labor economics ; Population—Economic aspects
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 34
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    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780191925696
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource , Illustrations.
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    DDC: 331.8928223340820941
    Schlagwort(e): Coal strike, Great Britain, 1984-1985 Social aspects ; Women Social conditions 20th century ; Industry ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This text examines the stories of more than 100 women and their varied experiences during the miners' strike of 1984-1985 to shed new light on working-class women's relationship to the 'political' and the 'ordinary', and demonstrate the ways in which gender roles, working-class lifestyles, and coalfield communities changed across post-war Britain.
    Anmerkung: Also issued in print: 2023 , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 35
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    [Place of publication not identified] : Ascent Audio
    ISBN: 9781663724557 , 1663724555
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (1 audio file (4 hr., 49 min.))
    Ausgabe: Second edition.
    DDC: 339
    Schlagwort(e): Macroeconomics ; Economic policy ; Economic development ; Monetary policy ; Economics ; Audiobooks
    Kurzfassung: Understanding the Ground Rules for the Global Economy In this revised and updated edition of A Concise Guide to Macroeconomics, David A. Moss draws on his years of teaching at Harvard Business School to explain important macro concepts using clear and engaging language. This guidebook covers the essentials of macroeconomics and examines, in a simple and intuitive way, the core ideas of output, money, and expectations. Early chapters leave you with an understanding of everything from fiscal policy and central banking to business cycles and international trade. Later chapters provide a brief monetary history of the United States as well as the basics of macroeconomic accounting. You'll learn why countries trade, why exchange rates move, and what makes an economy grow. Moss's detailed examples will arm you with a clear picture of how the economy works and how key variables impact business and will equip you to anticipate and respond to major macroeconomic events, such as a sudden depreciation of the real exchange rate or a steep hike in the federal funds rate.
    Anmerkung: Online resource; title from title details screen (O'Reilly, viewed March 7, 2023)
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  • 36
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    Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783030815042
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.82
    Schlagwort(e): Sociology of Migration ; Political Sociology ; Political Economy and Economic Systems ; Development Economics ; Emigration and immigration / Social aspects ; Political sociology ; Economics ; Development economics
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 37
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    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 38
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1749
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper reviews different methods for assessing and comparing across countries the impact of climate change mitigation policies and policy packages on emissions. Broadening and deepening past and recent mitigation policies’ stocktaking efforts, as well as mapping them to their emission base, is key to comparing pricing and non-pricing policies and feed comparable information to ex-post empirical and ex-ante analytical models. Ex-post empirical approaches can provide benchmark estimates of policies' effectiveness from past data and furnish key parameter estimates to calibrate ex-ante analytical models (partial equilibrium, general equilibrium and integrated assessment models). Moreover, they can complement ex-ante analytical models by empirically validating their assumptions and informing models’ choices. Ex-ante analytical modelling are well suited to provide long-term forward-looking projections also on yet-to-be implemented policies. Sector specific models, such as energy system models, are well suited for a granular assessment of the impact on emissions of a wide range of price- and non-price-based policies. Outputs from the ex-ante sector-specific models can then feed into a Computable General Equilibrium model to quantify the effect of individual policies and policy packages on emissions, taking into account second order effects and reducing the risk of double counting the effect of policies.
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  • 39
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.265
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: Amidst the recovery from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine has resulted in new challenges to the global economy and to international trade. This report relies on detailed trade data to assess the impact of these two overlapping shocks on international trade and supply chains. In February 2022, global trade was approaching pre-Covid levels in absolute terms, but with a different product and geographical composition resulting in a continued sense of tension in the trading system. Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine has added a new dimension of challenges as it has led to deliberate radical interruptions of trade linkages between Russia, Ukraine and many industrialised economies, with significant repercussions on prices of key commodities in the energy and agricultural sectors.
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  • 40
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 41
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1748
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The American middle class has shrunk in size since 1970 according to most definitions. This “hollowing” out of the United States income distribution could result in disillusionment, diminished political engagement, and declining trust in institutions. The American middle class faces two major challenges, among others. First, child care costs in the United States are high and availability is low. Improving enrolment in child care has the potential to reverse the fall in female labour market participation since the financial crisis and result in improved well-being and economic growth. Public funding for child care programmes should be raised, and programme eligibility should be widened to benefit middle-income parents. Second, the climate transition will entail major changes to middle-class lifestyles. Reductions in US household emissions from housing and transportation will be key to achieving the overall emission reduction targets, and may prove costly. Workers in carbon-intensive sectors of the economy and households living in regions that rely on carbon-intensive activities will be affected as resources shift to greener sectors. A national climate strategy should be developed that explicitly takes into account emissions inequalities and the redistributive effects of climate policies. Active labour market policies will be key to achieving a just transition, and existing home weatherisation programmes should be expanded to cover the middle-class.
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  • 42
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 1 | volume:23 | year:2023 | number:1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2023
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: A new trend is appearing in government budgets: using the budget process to help transform society and achieve results in relation to cross-cutting government goals, referred to in this paper as “transformational agendas”, often seeking to overcome persistent economic, social or environmental issues, which require action from across different policy areas. Transformational budgeting is a holistic approach to budgeting that helps align disparate activities with central goals, or agendas. The paper reviews how budget processes have evolved in modern public finance, with a view to enhancing the efficient and effective use of inputs to deliver results. It presents the emergence of transformational budgeting as a tool to help transform societies in response to new global agendas, such as the SDGs. The paper showcases transformational budgeting in practice, drawing on experiences from Spain.
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  • 43
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.142
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Policy makers are increasingly grappling with the stability implications of global value chains (GVCs), as widespread supply shortages following the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian Federation’s large-scale aggression against Ukraine have disrupted the economic recovery and contributed to high inflation. This paper provides a tool to assess vulnerabilities in GVCs by drawing a detailed map of dependencies based on new indicators constructed from the OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables. The key findings are as follows. First, GVC dependencies increase with both the size of foreign exposures and the length of foreign value chains. Second, in some industries, such as the automotive and ICT industries, vulnerabilities from high GVC dependence are amplified by high geographic concentration of suppliers or buyers. Third, the People’s Republic of China is the most critical choke point in GVCs across a broad range of industries, both as a dominant supplier and as a dominant buyer.
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  • 44
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism no.42
    Schlagwort(e): Finanzpolitik ; Geldpolitik ; Öffentliche Finanzen ; Gemeindefinanzen ; Länderfinanzen ; Kriegsfolgen ; Energiepreis ; Inflation ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Less than two years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s illegal, unprovoked and unjustifiable war of aggression against Ukraine has triggered the biggest military confrontation in Europe since World War II. Many OECD countries have reacted to Russia’s aggression by providing military and humanitarian aid to Ukraine and by imposing economic sanctions on Russia, which has accentuated supply chain disruptions, especially in the energy sector. A combination of these supply shocks with a demand shock caused by expansionary fiscal and monetary policies to tackle the pandemic has created inflationary pressures on a scale not seen in decades. Central banks around the world are acting to fulfil their price stability mandates by increasing interest rates and by engaging in quantitative tightening (primarily the selling of government bonds to reduce central bank balance sheets), all of which put pressure on borrowing costs at a time when governments are engaging in expansionary fiscal policy to alleviate the impact of inflation. The objective of this policy note is to examine the main consequences of this challenging environment for the fiscal stance of different levels of governments. These include the weakening outlook for government revenues in times of high expenditure pressures from a more rapid energy transition as well as high borrowing costs.
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  • 45
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.147
    Schlagwort(e): Stahlindustrie ; Subvention ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses subsidies provided to steel producers by examining firm-level data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and conducting desk research. It reveals that subsidy trends persist even in the face of existing overcapacity. Between 2008 and 2020, steel companies in partner economies obtained an average of 10.7 times more subsidies per crude steel production capacity unit than their counterparts in OECD countries. These subsidies took the form of cash grants, cash awards, and cost reimbursements. The report also finds that the national context significantly influences a jurisdiction's inclination to support its steel sector and the transparency of such subsidies. Some jurisdictions have prioritised the growth of their domestic steel industry by establishing firm goals for crude steel production, export, or concentration. Meanwhile, others have engaged in international collaboration to address global challenges related to the decarbonisation of the steel industry.
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  • 46
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    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 47
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses on the Impacts of the War in Ukraine
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungspolitik ; Kriegsfolgen ; Ukraine ; Education ; Economics ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: School destructions, population displacement or school closures mean that children in Ukraine have experienced varied disruptions in their education experience. Interventions that seek to reduce the variation in student learning levels need to accompany efforts to resume learning and deliver high-quality education for all. This brief puts the focus on academic interventions Ukraine could introduce to support learning recovery. It first examines strategies for assessing students’ skill levels and identifying potential learning losses in the current context. It then focuses on academic strategies the Ministry of Education can implement in the short and medium-term to help students recover lost learning opportunities, including adapting instructional strategies and pedagogies to individual needs, adapting the time of instruction, providing curricular flexibility and enabling fluid learning pathways within the school system. The brief concludes by putting forward a range of policy responses that can enhance the long-term effectiveness of learning recovery strategies in Ukraine.
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  • 48
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1759
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Bulgaria
    Kurzfassung: The shrinking number of workers due to smaller young cohorts entering the labour market and large-scale outward migration are undermining Bulgaria’s growth prospects, the sustainability of its social institutions and society more widely. Bulgaria needs to provide more support for families and make staying in the country more attractive by raising productivity, fostering the creation of more good-quality formal jobs and reinforcing the social safety net. Bulgarian women have high activity rates, a high share in management jobs and a low wage gap with men, but all this translates into high opportunity costs for educated women of having children. Policies, including access to affordable quality childcare countrywide, more egalitarian burden sharing with men and greater incentives to get back to work, would help reduce those costs. Women from disadvantaged backgrounds should be offered a career path through upgrading skills and lifelong learning. Inactivity rates among the working age population should be addressed by reforms to the social welfare system that would improve activation and through targeted measures. Vulnerable groups, including ethnic minorities, are disadvantaged in multiple ways and need tailored measures to escape poverty, acquire skills and integrate into the labour market.
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  • 49
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    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes key monthly and quarterly indicators in growth rates and levels covering a wide range of areas such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, industrial production, car registrations (transport), construction, consumer and producer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, monetary aggregates and domestic finance, foreign finance, retail and foreign trade, exchange rates and balance of payments.
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  • 50
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1753
    Schlagwort(e): Digitalisierung ; Produktivität ; Litauen ; Economics ; Lithuania
    Kurzfassung: Lithuania is digitalising its economy with visible success, but much scope remains for the integration of advanced technologies. The COVID-19 crisis confirmed the importance of digitalisation to sustain activity. Increased private investment in innovation is essential to speed up digitalisation. The take-up of R&D tax incentives is low, however, despite relatively generous provisions, and many smaller firms have not been inclined to innovate. More effective public support for business R&D and stronger research-business collaboration on innovation are important. There is also a need to promote digital uptake, especially among smaller firms that lag behind. Improving access to equity finance for young innovative firms, reducing remaining gaps in digital infrastructure, along with better information on digital tools and how to use them, can help smaller firms digitalise. The public sector too has to become more digitalised. Addressing weaknesses in foundational skills through education reforms and responding more effectively to labour market needs for digital skills would enable a wider adoption of advanced technologies and higher productivity growth, while ensuring that the digitalisation dividends are distributed fairly. Increased participation in adult learning, especially among the less educated, is the way forward to adapt to increased job automation in the digital era.
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  • 51
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1756
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant shift in the way people work, with an increasing number of individuals opting to work from home. Fewer commutes allow people to live further away from the city centre, where jobs typically concentrate. Against this background, this paper tests the hypothesis of a shift in housing demand away from the city centre towards the suburbs using a novel granular house price data set covering 16 OECD countries. The results indicate a flattening of the house price gradients in most large urban areas with profound consequences for housing policies and the city of the future.
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  • 52
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 2 | volume:23 | year:2023 | number:2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 2
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2023
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: This paper outlines key issues and provides insights to government leaders looking to design and implement initiatives that require joint working across public agencies. The first part of this paper defines key concepts and explores the benefits and related costs of cross-agency initiatives. The second discusses various contextual elements that need to be considered when making decisions about how to design cross-agency initiatives, including the nature of the objectives, the systems of government, and relationships among potential partners. The third section looks at different models across four fundamental elements: governance; people (team support), funding, and performance monitoring. The final section looks at some of the main systemic elements that can support cross-agency initiatives success.
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  • 53
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Policy Papers no.49
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Development ; Agriculture and Food ; France ; Portugal ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides an overview of agro-food value chains in the EU Outermost Regions (EU ORs). It assesses emerging trends, discusses opportunities and challenges, reviews the policy frameworks and tools that can strengthen the beneficial participation of EU ORs in international agro-food value chains, and proposes priority actions. The paper is developed within the framework of the EU-OECD project on Global Outermost Regions.
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  • 54
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1761
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper assesses to what extent markets with sophisticated investors and large firms price transition risks due to climate policies. The analysis exploits longitudinal data on firms’ economic and environmental performances - as measured by emission intensity, patenting activity in mitigation technologies, and ESG scores – and syndicated loan data. It provides three main results. First, firms with good environmental performance (in terms of emission intensity or patenting activity in mitigation technologies) benefit from a significantly lower cost of debt as climate-change mitigation policies become more stringent. Second, ESG scores and their environmental pillar are not sufficiently informative to assess and price domestic climate policy risks. Third, more stringent mitigation policies encourage investment in green firms by reducing the cost of debt: an increase of about EUR 10/t CO2 in carbon taxes raises investment by about 12% for firms with high patenting activity in mitigation technologies while it decreases investment by about 11% for firms with high emission intensity. The paper discusses policies to improve the available information on firms’ environmental performance metrics so as to enable investors who are smaller and less sophisticated than those participating in the syndicated-loan market to assess firms’ climate transition risks and to allocate capital in line with emission reduction targets.
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  • 55
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2023/05
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Employment ; Canada ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This paper estimates the data intensity of occupations/sectors (i.e. the share of job postings per occupation/sector related to the production of data) using natural language processing (NLP) on job advertisements in the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. Online job advertisement data collected by Lightcast provide timely and disaggregated insights into labour demand and skill requirements of different professions. The paper makes three major contributions. First, indicators created from the Lightcast data add to the understanding of digital skills in the labour market. Second, the results may advance the measurement of data assets in national account statistics. Third, the NLP methodology can handle up to 66 languages and can be adapted to measure concepts beyond digital skills. Results provide a ranking of data intensity across occupations, with data analytics activities contributing most to aggregate data intensity shares in all three countries. At the sectoral level, the emerging picture is more heterogeneous across countries. Differences in labour demand primarily explain those variations, with low data-intensive professions contributing most to aggregate data intensity in the United Kingdom. Estimates of investment in data, using a sum of costs approach and sectoral intensity shares, point to lower levels in the United Kingdom and Canada than in the United States.
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  • 56
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264979000 , 9789264390928 , 9789264848375
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Pathways
    Schlagwort(e): Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Globalisierung ; Kleine Inselentwicklungsländer ; Guadeloupe ; Economics ; Energy ; Development ; France
    Kurzfassung: Located in the Caribbean Sea, Guadeloupe is a French Overseas Department and a European Outermost Region in search of a more sustainable economic development pathway. In support of that endeavour, this Production Transformation Policy Review (PTPR) Spotlight looks at the region's opportunities and challenges, identifying priority actions in several areas, including the bio- and circular economy, creative sectors and renewable energies. The Spotlight enriches our understanding of the diversity of development pathways, including those of Small Island Developing States (SIDS). It is the result of an extensive peer-review process involving public and private stakeholders from Colombia, Caribbean countries and other EU outermost regions.
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  • 57
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1767
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Slovenia
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides evidence on the effects of digitalisation on the labour market in Slovenia using a unique dataset of Slovenian workers and firms for the years 2016 to 2020. Results show that at the firm level, digitalisation – measured in terms of ICT investment, is associated with positive and statistically significant effects on employment. However, job growth is not evenly distributed: High-skilled workers and younger workers benefit the most from employment gains, whereas there is little to no employment increases for low- and medium-skilled workers and older workers aged 50 or more. Furthermore, employment effects from digitalisation are strongest for private manufacturing firms. In contrast, ICT investment by state-owned firms is not associated with employment gains.
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  • 58
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2023/01
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: The COVID 19 pandemic has inflicted a series of shocks on the global economy, not least impacting global trade and investment. During the same time, several countries adopted new foreign direct investment (FDI) related policies. This paper presents novel preliminary evidence on the effects of these new FDI policies and COVID-19-related supply-chain disruptions on cross-border investment. It employs, among others, granular data on FDI policies and investment projects undertaken in a wide range of sectors in 175 host economies worldwide by investors from 46 home countries. It finds that a combination of FDI policies and COVID-19-related measures has a statistically significant and economically meaningful negative effect on the probability of a new cross-border greenfield investment project occurring during the sample period. The effect is the strongest in sectors with high R&D intensity.
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  • 59
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 60
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 61
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2023/03
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Trade in value added (TiVA) indicators are increasingly used to monitor countries' integration into global supply chains. However, they are published with a significant lag - often two or three years - which reduces their relevance for monitoring recent economic developments. This paper aims to provide more timely insights into the international fragmentation of production by exploring new ways of nowcasting five TiVA indicators for the years 2021 and 2022 covering a panel of 41 economies at the economy-wide level and for 24 industry sectors. The analysis relies on a range of models, including Gradient boosted trees (GBM), and other machine-learning techniques, in a panel setting, uses a wide range of explanatory variables capturing domestic business cycles and global economic developments and corrects for publication lags to produce nowcasts in quasi-real time conditions. Resulting nowcasting algorithms significantly improve compared to the benchmark model and exhibit relatively low prediction errors at a one- and two-year horizon, although model performance varies across countries and sectors.
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  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 63
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 1 | volume:23 | year:2023 | number:1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2023
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides good-practice guidelines for parliamentary budget officials and independent fiscal institutions (IFIs) that estimate the costs of policy proposals. It covers topics including which costs to capture, how to handle behavioural responses and macroeconomic feedback, how to communicate results, and how to work with stakeholders. It also contains a section on the special considerations for costing election platforms.
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  • 64
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 65
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.141
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Widespread supply disruptions in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian Federation’s large-scale aggression against Ukraine have raised concerns among policy makers that globalised value chains expose domestic production to shocks from abroad. This paper uses new indicators of global value chain dependencies and exogenous pandemic shocks to econometrically estimate the effects of supply disruptions abroad on domestic output. The results suggest that the adverse effects of supply disruptions are particularly large when concentration of supplying countries and supplying firms is high. Counterfactual simulations of the econometric model suggest that diversification of suppliers would have sizeable benefits in terms of shielding domestic production against country-specific supply shocks, with partial onshoring of production having only small additional benefits. Technological innovation that reduces foreign dependencies, such as the substitution of renewable energies for fossil fuels, can have similar benefits as diversification.
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  • 66
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1752
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Digital markets have raised a number of new competition challenges. Ex-post competition policy appears not to be able to address them in their entirety and with the necessary speed. There is considerable consensus, among academics and policy-makers, that ex-ante regulatory policies are needed to avoid competition being stifled in these markets, with a negative impact on productivity and innovation. As a result, major OECD economies are discussing or have approved regulatory proposals with the aim to foster contestability and fair trade in digital markets.
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  • 67
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (62 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1750
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Ireland
    Kurzfassung: Overall, the health of the Irish population has improved substantially during recent decades and is quite good compared with other OECD countries. However, spending is elevated, partly reflecting a system that is strongly based on hospitals. Population ageing is exacerbating spending pressures. In addition, the health sector is dealing with past underspending, particularly in capital outlays in the years following the global financial crisis, that have constrained service delivery, contributing to substantial waiting lists and heavy pressure on staff. The government has initiated wide-ranging reforms, termed Sláintecare, with the aim of broadening the coverage of universal care, decentralising provision and enhancing the integration of primary, community and hospital care. The reforms are complicated, reflecting a healthcare system that is complex and at times opaque. This is particularly the case with the interaction of the public and private parts of the system in which private patients enjoy easier access to care, leading to concerns about a two-tier healthcare system. The creation of new regional health areas is set to support more decentralised decision-making, but information systems to track spending and reform implementation need an overhaul. The COVID-19 pandemic has diverted policy-making attention just as the reforms got underway, but stepping up the efforts to address legacy issues and move forward on the reforms is now key to meet the coming challenges while using resources effectively.
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  • 68
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2023/01
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper discusses the sensitivity of capital and multifactor productivity (MFP) measurement to asset depreciation patterns and initial capital stock estimates. Applying the same depreciation rates in the US as in other G7 countries would reduce the US net investment rate and net capital stock by up to one third and increase US GDP by up to 0.5%. Capital and MFP growth would be less affected. Estimating initial capital stocks often involves assuming constant investment growth, but this leads to unreliable results. Relying on average K/Y ratios across countries works well for the US, but this might not be the case for other countries due to the international dispersion in K/Y ratios. Two main recommendations for statistical agencies emerge from this analysis. First, they should regularly review asset depreciation patterns to ensure that measured differences across countries are well justified. Second, they should backcast investment series as much as possible before relying on stationarity assumptions to estimate initial capital stocks.
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  • 69
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 23(2023), 2 vom: 21. Juni, Artikel-ID 6, Seite 1-15 | volume:23 | year:2023 | number:2 | day:21 | month:06 | elocationid:6 | pages:1-15
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 23(2023), 2 vom: 21. Juni, Artikel-ID 6, Seite 1-15
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2023
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:21
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:06
    Angaben zur Quelle: elocationid:6
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-15
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores how Early Childhood Education and Childcare (ECEC) can be more effectively financed and delivered to promote human capital development, economic growth and well-being. It discusses evidence showing that quality ECEC contributes to better education outcomes and higher future earnings, particularly for socio-economically disadvantaged children. Yet it identifies challenges in delivering ECEC services, including uneven coverage and lack of affordability in many OECD countries, necessitating intergovernmental fiscal co-operation. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic’s disruptive effects on children’s learning and future GDP, the paper underscores the urgent need for effective policy interventions. These include augmenting public spending, implementing equitable fiscal governance models, enhancing the affordability of services and establishing robust monitoring systems. By addressing these issues, the paper posits that we can ensure equitable access to high-quality ECEC and fortify the resilience of our education systems for future generations.
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  • 70
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses on the Impacts of the War in Ukraine
    Schlagwort(e): Energieeinsparung ; Energiekonsum ; Energieversorgung ; Energiepolitik ; Kriegsfolgen ; Ukraine ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The current energy crisis calls for energy saving measures to accompany long-term technical and structural solutions. However, a range of barriers makes it hard for consumers to change their energy consumption. Changing behaviour is the result not only of responses to prices but also of expectations, habits, and biases. Policy makers should factor in these behavioural aspects when designing energy saving measures. The choice of message that policymakers send to consumers, how and when the information is provided to households and through which channels can make a difference in changing consumption behaviours. Moreover, it is crucial that the right incentives and policies are in place to ensure that behavioural changes can effectively take place. The effectiveness of energy saving measures should also be monitored to gauge evolutions in behaviours and identify solutions to behavioural barriers.
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  • 71
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economic Policy Papers no.32
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Governments rapidly provided large support to help households and firms face the 2021-22 energy price crisis. Drawing on the OECD Energy Support Measures Tracker and country case studies, this paper documents countries’ policy responses and draws lessons for enhancing countries’ preparedness to future energy price shocks. Support implemented or announced by countries so far has been largely untargeted and often fiscally costly. As such it might add to inflationary pressures and in many cases reduce incentives to save energy and transition away from fossil fuels. Reliance on imported energy, technical obstacles to implement a targeted approach and political economy constraints help explain the type of support countries provided. There is now a case for withdrawing broad-based energy support, given the recent moderation in energy prices and ongoing or planned minimum-wage and welfare-benefit increases to compensate for high inflation. Digitalisation would help improve the quality of support countries can provide to face a future energy or other crisis by speeding up payment delivery and facilitating a more targeted approach based on vulnerability factors beyond low income, such as the inability to renovate an energy-inefficient home. Ensuring that support measures maintain incentives for energy savings and encourage energy diversification, combined with investments to accelerate the green transition, is key to reducing vulnerability to energy price shocks.
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  • 72
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1758
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Costa Rica
    Kurzfassung: Education and training are a high priority for Costa Rica that devotes to them more than 6.5% of GDP, one of the highest spending shares among OECD countries. However, educational outcomes remain poor and firms struggle to fill their vacancies, particularly in technical and scientific positions, which may endanger Costa Rica’s capacity to keep attracting foreign direct investment. Its complex fiscal situation requires Costa Rica to improve efficiency and quality of public spending in education to better support growth and equity. There is a fundamental need to improve the quality of early and general basic education to avoid that too many Costa Ricans leave education too early and without the skills needed to find a formal job. This requires a more targeted support to students with learning gaps, improving teachers’ selection and training and expanding access to early education. Revisiting the university funding mechanism will improve its accountability and can help increase the number of graduates in scientific areas. Reforms in vocational education may increase the supply of high-quality technicians, which will reduce existing skills mismatches and help more Costa Ricans access better-paid formal jobs.
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  • 73
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (62 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.156
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Science and Technology ; Governance ; Austria ; Finland ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: Governments are increasingly utilising research and innovation (R&I) policy to foster economic and societal change. Yet, the empirical correlation between these policies and socio-technical transformations remains under-explored. The report investigates this relationship by comparing the Recovery and Resilience Plans (RRPs) of Austria, Finland and Sweden, initiated under the NextGenerationEU framework post Covid-19. The report finds significant disparities in the content, process and transformative value of the RRPs among these countries. The differences in the content of the national RRPs, and the ability and willingness to seize the opportunity presented by the RRPs to drive transformation, are explained by existing national policy contexts and frameworks. Surprisingly, the role of R&I policy in the RRPs is less important than expected, despite its emphasised importance in literature and political rhetoric. The report further identifies implications for a transformative innovation policy as well as areas for further research.
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  • 74
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.43
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Energy ; Industry and Services ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: This paper takes stock of one year of policy responses to the 2022/2023 energy crisis triggered by Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine from the perspective of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In this paper, "SME policy responses" are defined as all government policies, whether SME-specific or not, which have lowered or affected in other way the price of electricity and natural gas paid by SMEs. The paper discusses three broad policy categories and related approaches implemented across countries: price-support measures; income-support measures; and complementary policies fostering the green transition. Overall, while emergency measures were initially centred on energy-intensive sectors, a larger number of SMEs was eventually covered as governments ramped up the scale and scope of their action due to the protraction of the Russian war in Ukraine. Going forward, as wholesale energy prices return to pre-war levels, price-support measures should be withdrawn. Income support could be used in some cases to help companies deal with still high retail energy prices, but the main policy focus should shift towards measures that improve the energy efficiency and environmental performance of SMEs.
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  • 75
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes key monthly and quarterly indicators in growth rates and levels covering a wide range of areas such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, industrial production, car registrations (transport), construction, consumer and producer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, monetary aggregates and domestic finance, foreign finance, retail and foreign trade, exchange rates and balance of payments.
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  • 76
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.37
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief, prepared by the OECD and European Commission, explores the potential of entrepreneurship policy to support the labour market participation of people with disabilities. Disabilities vary widely in type, severity, stability, duration and time of onset, and these characteristics influence individual capacities and willingness to be active in the labour market. Self-employment can be appropriate for some in this population because it can provide more flexibility than paid employment in terms of workload, work schedule and work location, which can allow for better management of disability and lifestyle. This brief provides an overview of the policy rationale for entrepreneurship support for people with disabilities and provides a brief overview of the scale and nature of self-employment activities by people with disabilities and suggests potential actions for governments.
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  • 77
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.139
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses the trends in Finnish productivity growth over the 2000s and 2010s. It describes its key features, makes comparisons to a benchmark of 16 OECD countries, and studies the causes of its sudden and prolonged slowdown which began at the end of the 2000s. The analysis focuses on the role of two contemporaneous demand shocks that hit the Finnish economy: the Nokia crisis and the Great Trade Collapse of 2009. Matching detailed firm-based information on structural characteristics of productivity growth with global input-output tables and National Accounts data, the report highlights how the prolonged drop in demand from the domestic computer and electronics sector may have induced a persistent drag on Finnish productivity growth. The report concludes with policy implications to strengthen Finnish resilience to idiosyncratic shocks to key sectors or large firms, while supporting long-term productivity growth and competitiveness.
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  • 78
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 1 | volume:23 | year:2023 | number:1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Bonnes pratiques de l’OCDE en matière de budgétisation sensible au genre
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2023
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents best practices for gender budgeting in OECD countries, consisting of the core features common to successful implementation of gender budgeting. These best practices identify elements that contribute to the sustainability of gender budgeting and help governments ensure that the budget helps achieve broader government objectives relating to gender equality, such as women’s participation in the labour market. The best practices draw on gender budgeting practices in Member countries and the OECD’s work with countries in designing and implementing gender budgeting.
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  • 79
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.36
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: The "OECD Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs Scoreboard: 2023 Highlights" document SME and entrepreneurship financing trends, conditions and policy developments. The report provides official data on SME financing in close to 50 countries, including indicators on debt, equity, asset-based finance and financing conditions. Data for 2021 are complemented by available information for 2022, along with demand-side information and recent developments in public policy and private initiatives to support SME finance. Findings reveal that most economies showed the beginnings of a dynamic recovery from the COVID-19 crisis in 2021. However, data available for 2022 point to a deterioration in a number of SME finance indicators, due to high inflation and rising interest rates, exacerbated by the effects of Russia's war against Ukraine. These factors are impacting the accessibility and cost of debt finance for SMEs, and foreshadow a slowdown in lending. Likewise, equity finance showed a significant decline in 2022. In this context, governments should continue to foster the diversification of SME financing instruments and channels to enable them to build resilience and undertake crucial investments, such as those in digitalisation and greening.
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  • 80
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes key monthly and quarterly indicators in growth rates and levels covering a wide range of areas such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, industrial production, car registrations (transport), construction, consumer and producer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, monetary aggregates and domestic finance, foreign finance, retail and foreign trade, exchange rates and balance of payments.
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  • 81
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (75 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1757
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Greece
    Kurzfassung: A changing climate is threatening livelihoods and economic activity in Greece and the world. Transitioning to a green economy – mitigating the causes of climate change and adapting to its effects, while sustaining activity and improving well-being – is among the greatest policy challenges of the coming decades. In Greece, legacies of high emission intensity, limited fiscal space and scarce private financing amplify the challenge. Greening Greece’s energy system is at the core of this transition. This entails swiftly developing its large potential for renewable energies and adapting energy consuming sectors. A well-chosen mix of policies – including carbon pricing, public infrastructure investments, and gradually tightening regulations on minimum energy efficiency standards, while providing financial support and protecting vulnerable households – would minimise the cost of this transition. Developing insurance coverage can better protect households and firms from damages resulting from a warming climate, while limiting fiscal exposure. Engaging all stakeholders and supporting those affected by the transition will help build the consensus for implementing these policies into the long-term.
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  • 82
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1762
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The paper reviews selected implications of trade integration via global value chains (GVC) and identifies gaps in understanding of GVC risks. Despite recent significant progress, many GVC risks remain unknown. The paper also discusses pros and cons of possible strategies to minimise GVC risks and specific measures that are debated in the literature. None of the proposed strategies is a silver bullet and best measures are likely to vary across products and sectors. Most actions to improve resilience lie with firms rather than governments. There is less controversy about governments taking a more proactive role in co-ordinating data collection, analysing GVC risks and collaborating with private firms to promote standards of conduct. In contrast, there is less agreement about governments using financial incentives, regulatory requirements and direct government control to reshape GVCs. Government intervention risks creating costly distortions without minimising economic volatility and improving national security, and making international co-operation regarding social and environmental goals more difficult.
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  • 83
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2023/02
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The System of Environmental Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA CF) was adopted in 2012. In one decade, it has expanded to 92 countries, including most OECD countries. However, there is still work to be done by national statistics producers to increase the use of SEEA statistics. This paper focuses on the SEEA stocks and flows accounts, providing examples of where they are already used to support public policy making in high-priority areas such as climate change, environmental sustainability, the circular economy, and management of ecosystems and freshwater, as well as feeding into indicators, dashboards and other frameworks. Although these examples show that SEEA statistics are already informing public policy making in many countries, there are still important “influence gaps”. The second part of this paper discusses why these gaps exist and what can be done about them.
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  • 84
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Productivity Working Papers no.33
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper describes the methodology used for crosswalking occupation-based measures of Green (“environmentally friendly”) and Brown (“polluting”) jobs from the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system to the International Standard Occupation Classification (ISCO) 08 at the most detailed (4-digit) level. The original, task-based Greenness scores by Vona et al. (2018) are provided at the 8-digit SOC level, and the industry-based Brownness measures are provided in 6-digit SOC. Crosswalking these measures requires several choices in terms of weighting and aggregating, which this paper describes in detail. The robustness of the resulting measures to the different weighting options and underlying assumption is tested using Linked Employer-Employee data from Portugal. An empirical application to the Productivity-Greenness link at the firm level shows the robustness of this link to different weighting choices, and confirms that all of the different measures derived are consistent in measuring the Greenness of jobs.
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  • 85
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1755
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Soaring energy prices have raised concerns about the risks energy price shocks pose for firms’ performance and the green transition. This paper estimates the impacts of energy price changes on firms’ productivity as well as their dynamics, distinguishing between the short and medium-to-long term, using historical data. The analysis shows that following an energy price shock, firms adjust down their capacity utilisation, and their productivity declines. The estimates suggest that a 5% increase in energy prices reduces productivity by approximately 0.4% one year later. However, firms may display positive productivity gains in the medium term. Specifically, a shock corresponding to a 10% increase in energy prices is associated with an increase in productivity growth of around 0.9 p.p four years after the shock. These gains are more likely in less energy-intensive sectors, but tend not to materialise for larger shocks. There is some evidence that investment may be the channel behind productivity gains, the latter being larger for firms that had made investments in capital just before the shock.
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  • 86
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes main economic indicators covering a wide range of areas, such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, retail sales, industrial production, construction, consumer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, money and domestic finance, foreign finance, foreign trade, and balance of payments. Data are available from 1955 onwards.
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  • 87
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1770
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Viet Nam
    Kurzfassung: Viet Nam has been quick to recover from the downturns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, but it faces long-term economic challenges. Boosting labour productivity will be crucial to sustained high economic growth. Attracting further foreign investment and reaping the benefit of advanced technologies will require additional improvements to the business environment through simplifying administrative procedures. Levelling the playing field of competition between state-owned enterprises and private enterprises will also help to maintain Viet Nam's attraction for international investors. The country is already among the leaders of digitalisation in Southeast Asia, with strong adoption of e-commerce, telemedicine and telework. Further investment in digital skills will be key to maintain this momentum. The authorities have committed to net zero carbon emissions by 2050 and are expanding renewable energy generation capacity. A comprehensive decarbonisation plan would facilitate the transition to greener growth.
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  • 88
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1763
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The need to rapidly decarbonise economies raises questions about whether countries’ workforces possess the requisite skills to achieve the net zero transition as well as the capacity to redeploy workers from “brown” to “green” jobs. This paper applies a task-based framework to granular data from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) and country-specific employment sources to generate new indicators of the green skills structure of labour markets for a large number of OECD countries and non-OECD EU countries. Significant cross-country differences emerge in the underlying supply of green skill and the potential of economies to reallocate brown job workers to green jobs within their broad occupation categories. In a majority of detailed brown occupations, workers have in principle the necessary skills to transition to green jobs, with the exception of those in production occupations, who may require more extensive re-skilling. In contrast, workers from most highly automatable occupations are generally not found to have the sufficient skills to transition to green jobs, suggesting more limited scope for the net-zero transition to reinstate labour displaced by automation.
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  • 89
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.273
    Schlagwort(e): Digitalisierung ; Außenhandel ; Internationale Wirtschaft ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Welt ; Economics ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides an overview of the evolving nature of digital trade and digital trade policies. It shows that digital trade has been growing faster than “non-digital” trade. By 2018, 24% of global trade (USD 5.1 trillion) could be considered digital trade. In parallel, countries have embraced digital trade provisions in trade agreements and new digital economy agreements have emerged. The empirical analysis shows that growing digital connectivity delivers a double dividend, increasing both domestic and international trade. It also shows that digital trade chapters have the potential to double the effect of trade agreements, while reductions in domestic barriers affecting digital trade have a strong export-enhancing effect, particularly in digitally-deliverable services. Overall, the results suggest that digital connectivity and digital trade policies play a significant and growing role in reducing trade costs and increasing trade across countries at all levels of development. The paper calls for wider participation and ambition in discussions at the WTO.
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (74 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.41
    Schlagwort(e): KMU ; Einzelhandel ; Online-Handel ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Digitalisation has triggered a profound transformation of the retail sector, primarily composed of SMEs. While retail businesses are embracing more hybrid practices of managing online and brick-and-mortar channels, getting more traditional SME retailers fit for the hybrid era could open up new opportunities, with far reaching implications on the local economy. Through a novel survey conducted in six OECD countries (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, and Spain) in co-operation with e-commerce platforms, this report provides new insights to better understand retail SMEs’ perceived advantages and challenges of operating online sales through these platforms, with a particular spotlight on hybrid SME retailers.
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  • 91
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2023/04
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Energy ; Environment ; Transport
    Kurzfassung: The shipping industry is essential for international trade, but it is also an important source of CO2 emissions. To make progress towards climate targets, countries need to monitor CO2 emissions from vessels owned by their ship operator companies. However, most shipping activity takes place outside national borders, making it more difficult to monitor than activity taking place within countries. The OECD's experimental database on OECD.stat provides a new source of data for CO2 emissions from global shipping, which is available monthly in near real time. This data will help national statistics producers to compile their Air Emission Accounts (AEAs) for the System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA). This Working Paper presents some initial results from the new data source and describes how they were produced. The method is based on granular and timely ship-level data provided by the United Nations Global Platform, and it uses a bottom-up estimation approach to produce results broken down by country and type of ship.
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  • 92
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Policy Briefs no.1
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Energy ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Stimulus packages adopted following the COVID-19 pandemic – such as the US Inflation Reduction Act and NextGenerationEU - have been presented as an opportunity to "build back better" and accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy while re-igniting the economy. But this revival of industrial policy has also raised concerns about the potential for a global green subsidy war. OECD analysed funding measures worth USD 1.3 trillion announced around the world in 2020-21 to support development and diffusion of low-carbon technologies. These measures can trigger substantial greenhouse gas emissions reductions while boosting the growth of the clean tech sector in all regions and reducing dependence over fossil fuel imports. This policy brief summarises key findings from our analysis and offers additional recommendations to policymakers.
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  • 93
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes key monthly and quarterly indicators in growth rates and levels covering a wide range of areas such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, industrial production, car registrations (transport), construction, consumer and producer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, monetary aggregates and domestic finance, foreign finance, retail and foreign trade, exchange rates and balance of payments.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 94
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism no.45
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Employment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: This study provides an in-depth examination of the fiscal and governance decentralisation of long-term care (LTC) across OECD countries, offering projections of future fiscal burdens of LTC spending across levels of government. With rapid population ageing and a decrease in the supply of informal care, LTC spending has increased significantly. The paper introduces a novel methodology to estimate LTC expenditures across different government levels, including central and subnational governments. By analysing country cases, it explores the responsibilities assigned to each government level and the implications for service delivery and intergovernmental coordination. The study also discusses the overall anticipated increase of LTC expenditure to 2.3% of GDP by 2040, identifying the most impacted countries. This research contributes to our understanding of LTC systems, highlights the challenges of increasing LTC costs and provides insights for optimising governance and fiscal expenditure.
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes key monthly and quarterly indicators in growth rates and levels covering a wide range of areas such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, industrial production, car registrations (transport), construction, consumer and producer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, monetary aggregates and domestic finance, foreign finance, retail and foreign trade, exchange rates and balance of payments.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1751
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The housing sector is one of the main sources of CO2 emissions in OECD countries, accounting for over a quarter of the total. Robust and rapid action is required to reach the net zero emission target by 2050. Decarbonising housing involves halting the use of fossil fuels in homes, ensuring that electricity is generated from carbon-free sources, using high-energy-efficiency appliances and heating systems, ensuring effective insulation and encouraging behavioural changes. This paper discusses which policy instruments can prompt this transformation of the housing sector, ranging from carbon pricing through energy labelling requirements to green housing finance.
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 1 | volume:23 | year:2023 | number:1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 1
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2023
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Legislatures’ “power of the purse”, the ability to tax and spend public money, is enshrined in constitutions worldwide as a cornerstone of legislative power in democratic countries. Their role across the budget cycle is a fundamentally important national concern, lying at the heart of issues such as transparency, inclusiveness and democratic accountability. Despite different historical, constitutional, and political contexts, common features for parliaments to play an effective role in budgeting have emerged from experiences across OECD countries.
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes key monthly and quarterly indicators in growth rates and levels covering a wide range of areas such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, industrial production, car registrations (transport), construction, consumer and producer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, monetary aggregates and domestic finance, foreign finance, retail and foreign trade, exchange rates and balance of payments.
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1754
    Schlagwort(e): Klimaneutralität ; Klimapolitik ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Tschechien ; Economics ; Czech Republic
    Kurzfassung: The Czech economy is very carbon-intensive and has among the highest greenhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP in the OECD. Getting on the path towards net zero will require rapid emission reductions over the coming decades. Coal still makes up close to one third of the energy supply and the government has pledged to phase it out by 2033, which will require a swift expansion in the use of renewable energy sources as well as increased energy efficiency. This can be achieved by adopting a comprehensive policy package that includes widely applied carbon pricing, incentives to raise energy efficiency, spending on renewable energy and cutting red tape hindering green investments. Compensating policies and adjustment support will be essential to mitigate the socio-economic impacts of climate policies and to increase public support. Active labour market policies including higher spending on re-training for the unemployed is key to facilitate the green transition.
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Main Economic Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This dataset includes key monthly and quarterly indicators in growth rates and levels covering a wide range of areas such as quarterly national accounts, business surveys, industrial production, car registrations (transport), construction, consumer and producer prices, total employment, unemployment rates, interest rates, monetary aggregates and domestic finance, foreign finance, retail and foreign trade, exchange rates and balance of payments.
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