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  • English  (21)
  • Latin
  • 1980-1984  (21)
  • Boston, MA : Springer US  (20)
  • London [u.a.] : Macmillan  (1)
  • Social sciences  (21)
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  • English  (21)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9781489950017
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIV, 465 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Human genetics ; Anthropology ; Medical genetics.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461327851
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: General Introduction1. The Barbary Macaque -- I: The Barbary Macaque in the Wild -- 2. The Demise of Barbary Macaque Habitat - Past arid Present Forest Cover of the Maghreb -- 3. A Brief Historical Account of the Recent Decline in Geographic Distribution of the Barbary Macaque in North Africa -- 4. The Distribution and Current Status of the Barbary Macaque in North Africa -- 5. Demography of the Barbary Macaque at Ain Kahla in the Moroccan Moyen Atlas -- 6. The Feeding Ecology of the Barbary Macaque and Cedar Forest Conservation in the Moroccan Moyen Atlas -- 7. Aspects of the Ecology and Conservation of the Barbary Macaque in the Fir Forest Habitat of the Moroccan Rif Mountains -- II: The Barbary Macaque in Captive and Semi-Natural Environments -- 8. The Sense and Direction of Captive Breeding Programmes - The Position of the Barbary Macaque -- 9. A Comparison of Proximity Behavior in Two Groups of Barbary Macaques - Implications for the Management of the Species in Captivity -- 10. Breeding Barbary Macaques in Outdoor Open Enclosures -- 11. Structure and Dynamics of the Barbary Macaque Population in Gibraltar -- 12. The Genetic Implications of Effective Population Size for the Barbary Macaque in Gibraltar -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- 13. Conclusions and Recommendations -- Appendix I: Definition of Age-Sex Classes for the Barbary Macaque -- Appendix II: Diet of the Barbary Macaque in the Wild -- Appendix III: Variant Spelling of Place Names Mentioned in the Text -- Contributors.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 0333371224 , 0333371232
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 336 S , 1 graph. Darst , 25 cm
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    Keywords: Economic conditions. Political aspects ; Social sciences ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468445022
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: 1. The Ethics of Intervention -- 2. Changing Families through Parent and Family Education: Review and Analysis -- 3. A Balancing Act: Preserving Family Autonomy and Protecting the Child -- 4. School, Occupation, Culture, and Family: The Impact of Parental Schooling on the Parent-Child Relationship -- 5. Parents’ Beliefs about Child Socialization: A Study of Parenting Models -- 6. Prompting Parents toward Constructivist Caregiving Practices -- 7. Idividual Differences in Participation in a Parent-Child Support Program -- 8. Beyond the Deficit Model: The Empowerment of Parents with Information and Informal Supports -- 9. Foster Care and Families -- 10. Parents: The Mental Health Professionals’ Scapegoat -- 11. Intervention Research on Families: A Pediatric Perspective -- Author Index.
    Abstract: In a previous volume, Families as Learning Environments for Children, we presented a series of chapters that dealt with research programs on the role of families as learning environments for children. Those studies were based on empirical data and sought answers to basic research questions, with no explicit concern for the application of the results to practical problems. Rather, their purpose was to contribute primarily to conceptualization, research methodology, and psychological theory. Now, in this volume, we turn our attention to intervention-efforts to modify the way a family develops. As in our previous conference, the participants of the working conference on which the present volume is based are research scientists and scholars interested in application. This group is distinct from practitioners, however, whose primary focus is service; participants in this conference have as their primary interest research into the problems of processes of application. Applied professional issues concerning the lives of families come from many varied sources, from some that are distant and impersonal (e. g. , the law) to direct face-to-face efforts (educators, therapists). The variety of sources and types of applications are eloquent testimony to the degree to which families are subject to a host of societal forces whose implicit or explicit aim is to modify family functioning. For example, some educators may wish to alter family child-rearing patterns to enhance child development; the clinician seeks to help families come to terms and to cope with a schizophrenic child. The list can be extended.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Ethics of Intervention2. Changing Families through Parent and Family Education: Review and Analysis -- 3. A Balancing Act: Preserving Family Autonomy and Protecting the Child -- 4. School, Occupation, Culture, and Family: The Impact of Parental Schooling on the Parent-Child Relationship -- 5. Parents’ Beliefs about Child Socialization: A Study of Parenting Models -- 6. Prompting Parents toward Constructivist Caregiving Practices -- 7. Idividual Differences in Participation in a Parent-Child Support Program -- 8. Beyond the Deficit Model: The Empowerment of Parents with Information and Informal Supports -- 9. Foster Care and Families -- 10. Parents: The Mental Health Professionals’ Scapegoat -- 11. Intervention Research on Families: A Pediatric Perspective -- Author Index.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468445770
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Physics ; Engineering ; Renewable energy sources ; Social sciences ; Science—Philosophy. ; Astronomy.
    Abstract: 1. Problems in Public Understanding -- Reference Notes -- 2. How Dangerous is Radiation? -- Meet the Millirem -- Scientific Basis for Risk Estimates -- The Media and Radiation -- Genetic Effects of Radiation -- Other Health Effects of Radiation -- Public Insanity -- Reference Notes -- 3. The Fearsome Reactor Meltdown Accident -- Was Three Mile Island a Near Miss to Disaster? -- Roads to Meltdown -- How Secure Is the Containment? -- The Probabilities -- The Worst Possible Accident -- Land Contamination -- Why the Public Misunderstanding? -- Non-Safety Issues -- Reference Notes -- 4. Understanding Risk -- A Catalog of Risks -- Risks of Nuclear Energy—In Perspective -- Acceptability of Nuclear Power Risks -- Risks from Air Pollution in Coal Burning -- Risks in Other Energy Technologies -- Spending Money to Reduce Risk -- Reference Notes -- 5. Hazards of High-Level Radioactive Waste: The Great Myth -- A First Perspective -- High-Level Radioactive Waste—Hazards and Protective Barriers -- Quantitative Risk Assessment for High-Level Waste -- Long-Term Waste Problems from Chemical Carcinogens -- Should We Add Up Effects over Millions of Years? -- Why the Public Fear? -- Reference Notes -- 6. More on Radioactive Waste -- Radon Problems -- Routine Emissions of Radioactivity -- Low-Level Waste -- Transuranic Waste -- Summary of Results -- The Real Waste Problem -- West Valley—The Ultimate Waste Problem -- Leaking Waste Storage Tanks -- Waste Transport—When Radioactivity Encounters the Public -- A Radioactive Waste Accident in the Soviet Union -- Summary -- Reference Notes -- 7. Plutonium and Bombs -- Fuel of the Future -- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons -- Nonproliferation Politics -- A Tool for Terrorists? -- Plutonium Toxicity -- Reference Notes -- 8. Costs of Nuclear Power: The Achilles’ Heel -- Understanding Power Plant Construction Costs -- Regulatory Ratcheting -- Actual Costs of Nuclear Power Plants—Regulatory Turbulence -- Actual Costs -- The Situation in Other Countries -- The Political Battle Lost -- Cost per Kilowatt-Hour -- Coal versus Nuclear Costs -- Reference Notes -- 9. The Solar Dream -- Cost Problems -- Is It There When We Need It? -- Why Solar Electricity? -- Environmental Problems, the Media, and Politics And More Politics -- Reference Notes -- 10. What the Polls Tell Us -- Rothman-Lichter Polls -- Battelle and Media Institute Studies -- A Poll of Radiation Health Scientists -- Summary -- Reference Notes -- 11. Questions from the Audience -- Radioactivity and Radiation -- Trust and Faith -- Reactor Accidents and Safety -- Radioactive Waste -- Miscellaneous Topics -- 12. A Cry for Help.
    Abstract: I was not invited to write a foreword for this book. Dr. Cohen, knowing my busy schedule, would have considered such a request to be an imposition. I volunteered to do so in part to acknowledge my gratitude to him for having been a constant source of reference materials as I have turned my attention increasingly to informing both lay and scientific audiences concerning the biologic effects of low-level ionizing radiation. My primary reason for vol­ unteering, however, is to point to the importance of such a book for public education at a time when the media, in collaboration with a variety of activist groups, have developed among the people an almost phobic fear of radiation at any level. I take issue with the words of another Nobel laureate, George Wald, who states regularly "Every dose is an overdose. '" This philosophy has re­ sulted in women refusing mammography for the detection of breast cancer even though this methodology is the most sensitive for detection of such cancers in the early, curable stage, and even though, at present, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women. It has led a Westchester County, New York legislator to state proudly in the New York Times that he v vi I FOREWORD had introduced legislation that would bar all radioactivity from the county's roads.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Problems in Public UnderstandingReference Notes -- 2. How Dangerous is Radiation? -- Meet the Millirem -- Scientific Basis for Risk Estimates -- The Media and Radiation -- Genetic Effects of Radiation -- Other Health Effects of Radiation -- Public Insanity -- Reference Notes -- 3. The Fearsome Reactor Meltdown Accident -- Was Three Mile Island a Near Miss to Disaster? -- Roads to Meltdown -- How Secure Is the Containment? -- The Probabilities -- The Worst Possible Accident -- Land Contamination -- Why the Public Misunderstanding? -- Non-Safety Issues -- Reference Notes -- 4. Understanding Risk -- A Catalog of Risks -- Risks of Nuclear Energy-In Perspective -- Acceptability of Nuclear Power Risks -- Risks from Air Pollution in Coal Burning -- Risks in Other Energy Technologies -- Spending Money to Reduce Risk -- Reference Notes -- 5. Hazards of High-Level Radioactive Waste: The Great Myth -- A First Perspective -- High-Level Radioactive Waste-Hazards and Protective Barriers -- Quantitative Risk Assessment for High-Level Waste -- Long-Term Waste Problems from Chemical Carcinogens -- Should We Add Up Effects over Millions of Years? -- Why the Public Fear? -- Reference Notes -- 6. More on Radioactive Waste -- Radon Problems -- Routine Emissions of Radioactivity -- Low-Level Waste -- Transuranic Waste -- Summary of Results -- The Real Waste Problem -- West Valley-The Ultimate Waste Problem -- Leaking Waste Storage Tanks -- Waste Transport-When Radioactivity Encounters the Public -- A Radioactive Waste Accident in the Soviet Union -- Summary -- Reference Notes -- 7. Plutonium and Bombs -- Fuel of the Future -- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons -- Nonproliferation Politics -- A Tool for Terrorists? -- Plutonium Toxicity -- Reference Notes -- 8. Costs of Nuclear Power: The Achilles’ Heel -- Understanding Power Plant Construction Costs -- Regulatory Ratcheting -- Actual Costs of Nuclear Power Plants-Regulatory Turbulence -- Actual Costs -- The Situation in Other Countries -- The Political Battle Lost -- Cost per Kilowatt-Hour -- Coal versus Nuclear Costs -- Reference Notes -- 9. The Solar Dream -- Cost Problems -- Is It There When We Need It? -- Why Solar Electricity? -- Environmental Problems, the Media, and Politics And More Politics -- Reference Notes -- 10. What the Polls Tell Us -- Rothman-Lichter Polls -- Battelle and Media Institute Studies -- A Poll of Radiation Health Scientists -- Summary -- Reference Notes -- 11. Questions from the Audience -- Radioactivity and Radiation -- Trust and Faith -- Reactor Accidents and Safety -- Radioactive Waste -- Miscellaneous Topics -- 12. A Cry for Help.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9781468444452
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 212 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Business and Economics
    Series Statement: Environment, Development, and Public Policy: Cities and Development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1 Making Work -- 2 Fishing Work -- 3 Ways of Potting -- 4 Teaching: Work in A Teacher-Controlled School -- 5 Principal Work -- 6 The New England Food Co-Op: Mixed Motives in Collective Work -- 7 Everybody Works: Sheltered Work -- 8 Participatory Organizations -- Contributors.
    Abstract: This book began as an exploration of collaborative work orga­ nizations. We knew about people in various occupations who had gotten together to form organizations of equals to man­ age the settings within which they did their work. Among these organizations were a teacher-controlled public school, a fishermen's cooperative, a potters' studio, a public-interest advocacy group, and an architectural firm. We wondered how these groups functioned, and whether and how they contributed to making work satisfying for the individuals in them. These groups were, of course, pretty small potatoes, but it seemed to us that they provided a way to an understanding of some much larger current issues. Worker satisfaction has surfaced as an issue of current concern and has been repre­ sented in research documenting the growing expectations that the members of our society have of their work experi­ ence. More workers are more educated now than ever before, and more and more people seem to look to work as a personal outlet, rather than just a source of income. We saw our small, egalitarian work organizations as providing settings in which people were especially likely to v vi PREFACE find work satisfying. We wanted to know both the organiza­ tional conditions for satisfying work and the conditions un­ der which collaborative work organizations could keep func­ tioning. Since the sociological literature on work satisfaction tends to revolve around issues of autonomy and control, we sought out settings in which workers had maximized autono­ my and control.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9781461337690
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 238 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Natural Hazards Victimization: An OverviewThe Incidence of Disaster Experiences -- Hazard-Generated Injuries and Damages -- Sources of Help -- Recovery and Lingering Effects -- Conclusion -- 2 Estimating Hazard Events and Consequences through a Victimization Survey -- Research Strategy -- Research Design -- The Hazards Studied -- Plan of the Monograph -- 3 The Victimization Survey: Data Collection and Survey Implementation -- The Screener Telephone Interview -- The Mail Survey -- The Event Sample -- Analysis of Nonresponse -- Sample Characteristics -- Summary -- 4 The Incidence of Hazard Experiences. -- The Base Period and -- Representativeness -- Hazard Experiences -- Hazard Victimization Experiences -- Comparisons with Other Estimates -- Year-by-Year Hazard Victimization Rates, 1970 through 1980 -- Multiple Natural-Hazard Victimization-Events -- Calibrating Natural Hazard Incidence -- The Spatial and Social Distribution of Natural Disaster Events -- Comparison with Other Noxious Events -- Summary -- 5 Deaths, Injuries, Damages, and Total Costs -- Estimating “Total Dollar Costs” -- Defining Serious Hazard Events -- Injuries and Their Monetary Costs -- Injury Rates by Selected Household Characteristics -- “Total Dollar Costs” Resulting from Hazards -- National Estimates of Total Dollar Costs -- Damage to Property and Personal Possessions -- The Distribution of Dollar Costs by Household Characteristics -- Summary -- 6 Patterns of Aid to Hazard Victims -- A Technical Note -- Insurance Coverage and Claims -- Other Financial Aid Received -- Equity in Financial Help -- Informal Sources of Help -- Help from All Sources -- Hazard Aftermaths -- Summary -- References -- Appendix A Estimates of Victimization and Losses Based on Pre-1980 Data -- Hazard Victimization by Agent: Existing Estimates (as of 1979) -- Appendix B Questionnaires Used in the National Telephone Survey and the Mailed Survey of Hazard Victims.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489904119
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 240 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Nonprofit Management and Finance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: I. Research Grants -- A Successful Grant Application to the National Institutes of Health -- A Proposal to Study the Differentiation and Physiology of a Neuroblastoma: A Successful Research Grant Application Submitted to the National Institutes of Health -- Research Grant Budget: Preparation and Justification in Relation to the Proposed Research -- The History of the Inflation-Recession Proposal -- The Unique Opportunity (Comment on the Proposal) -- The Impact of Inflation-Recession on Families in Cities -- The History of the Engineering Ethics Study Funded by NSF -- Engineering Ethics in Organizational Contexts: A Formal Proposal to the National Science Foundation’s Program on Ethics and Values in Science and Technology -- II. Training Grants -- Henry Street Settlement’s Youth Employment Training Program Proposal -- History of the Proposal: A Comment -- Description and Rationale for Proposed M.S. Degree Training Program in Applied Social Research in Crime and Delinquency Programs -- Developing a Graduate Program in Health Advocacy -- Comments on the Health Advocates Proposal -- III. The Arts -- Adding Excitment to Your Proposals -- The Opera Participation Project—Involving Bay Area Yourth in Vocal Arts -- NEA Support for the Small Arts Project -- The Film Fund: What It Is and What It Does -- On the March -- The History of the Living Stage Theatre Company Proposal -- A Proposal to Work With Incarcerated Men and Women from the Living Stage Theatre Company -- IV. The Humanities -- History of the Proposal -- NEH Pilot Grant - Columbus College Proposal for a Three-Quarter Sequence of Interdisciplinary Humanities Courses for General Students -- Grantmaking at the National Endowment for the Humanities -- Critique of Interdisciplinary Humanities Proposal -- V. Federal Contracts -- Request for a Proposal: Solicitation for a Federal Contract -- VI. Foundations and Corporations -- The Preliminary Letter.
    Abstract: application was given describing the research No fund-raising technique is as effective as a personal presentation, a detailed discussion be· techniques, pre-application negotiations with the tween the applicant and the potential funder of granting agency, and the strong features of the the proposed activity held before the written re­ written application that contributed to its success. quest is submitted. If, during the discussion, the Examples that have appeared and continue to appear in GRANTS MAGAZINE were sug­ presentation is made effectively, the chance of success is immeasurably greater and the final gested or contributed by many people, among preparation of the application is comparatively them the magazine's editors, editorial board members, and their colleagues, friends, and easier. It is not, unfortunately, always possible to associates many of whom are successful grantees make a personal presentation. In many, actually or administrators of grant programs. It became most, cases the only form of contact the applicant clear from the number of reprint requests for the has with the funding organization is the written Grant Clinic feature that a compendium of some request. And even in those cases where there has examples that had appeared there would make a been extensive discussion, there always comes a time useful reference volume containing exemplary when a request must be presented in writing in some form. applications.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468491371
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (606p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Linguistics.
    Abstract: Architecture as Identity, I: The Essence of Architecture -- Theory and Practice at the Crossroads--A Peircean Perspective on Political Signs -- System and Observer in Semiotic Modeling: An Essay on Semiotic Realism -- Architectural Criticism as a Means to Identify Socially Shared Values: The Case of the East Building of the National Gallery -- Buildings as Symbols of Political Ideology -- Peirce’s Anticipation of Game Theoretic Logic and Semantics -- Mind, Object, Object, Artifact II -- The Reference Relation in Music -- SI MUOVE, MA NON TROPO: An Inquiry into the Non-metaphorical Status of Idioms and Phrases -- Symbolic Use of Weaving Designs: A Case Study -- Antecedents to Peirce’s Notion of Iconic Signs -- On Discovering the Semiotic Organization of the Lexicon: State of Health as a Multifaceted Domain -- Notes on Text and Performance in the Theatre of Dario Fo -- The Structure of Metaphor -- Forgotten Pioneers of Soviet Semiotics -- On Discovering the Semiotic Organization of Experience: The Public Meanings and Private Meanings of Objects -- One Artist’s Neurosis on Signing -- Explaining Style Growth and Change: A Richer Semiotic Model -- The Rock and Roll Concert: A Semiotic Analysis -- Disemia -- Naturalness Vs. Arbitrariness in the Domain of Color -- Modes of Medical Instruction: A Semiotic Comparison of Textbooks of Medicine and Popular Home Medical Books -- Peirce’s Existential Graphs as the Basis for An Introduction to Logic: Semiosis in the Logic Classroom -- Peirce as Catalyst in Modern Legal Science: Consequences -- A Semiotic Account of Polysemy and Homonymy -- The Semiosis of the Sequence of Signs in a Narrative -- The Impact of Speech-Act Theory and Phenomenology on Proust and Claude Simon -- Semiotic Perspectives on Chinese: A Picturesque Language -- Peirce and Jakobson: Towards a Structuralist Reconstruction of Peirce -- Architecture as Representation of Nature -- The Measurement of Comentropy Transfer Rates -- Towards a Transcultural Semiotic -- The Self-Disclosure Technique for Ethno-Graphic Elicitation -- Conventions of Poetry as Iconic Signs -- Comparative Adjestives in Terms of Peirce’s Phenomenological Categories -- Interpretant and Interpretation -- Tipping Behavior as a Semiotic Process -- The Mark VI: A New Eidometer Design Concept -- The Role of Scientific Paradigms in Empirical semiotics -- Interactive Nonverbal Categories: A Reappraisal and Elaboration -- Reckoning with the World -- On the Paradigm of Experience Appropriate for Semiotics -- Semiotic and Creativity -- The Appearance of Appearance: Architecture, Communication and Value Systems -- What is Evidence Evidence of? -- The Ironic Sign -- Art and Objectivity -- More Than Words Can Say -- A Reconstruction Paradigm for the Experimental Analysis of Semiotic Factors in Cognitive Processing -- Peirce and Greimas from the Viewpoint of Musical Semiotics: An Outline for Comparative Semiotics -- The Application of the Peircean Semiotic to Logic -- Symbolic Configurations and Two-Dimensional Mathematical Notation -- The Perception of Nonverbal Behavior in Function of Visible Access to One or Both Interactants -- Charles Morris and Christian Norberg-Schulz: The Social Basis of Meaning in Architecture -- Toward a Semiotic Beyond Feminism -- The Structure of Categories and the Consequences for Metaphor -- The Poetic Function of the Stage Audience and Embedded Performance in Drama -- Designing Signs that Build the Required Semantics into the Needed Syntax -- A Semiotic Approach to Information Value.
    Abstract: This volume contains the majority of the papers presented at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Semiotic Society of America, held in Lubbock, Texas, October 16-19, 1980. The varied styles topics, methodologies, and intellectual traditions represented here reflect the current state of flux in semiotics--a healthy chaos, in which new ideas vie for survival and experiment is at a premium. Because of this variety, we have kept our editorial in­ terventions to a minimum. In addition, we have refrained from imposing any topical classification. While we could have used the panel titles as a taxonomic principle, this would not have produced a sufficiently even format. We have therefore uti­ lized the alphabetical order of authors' surnames as being os­ tensibly the least "loaded." These Proceedings represent a current view of the "semi­ otic scene," especially in the U.S.A. They also include some work representative of architectural semiotics from the U.K. We have tried to bring the volume to publication rapidly, since the immediacy of the contents would seem to be the pri­ mary asset of any such project. We would like to express the Society's collective grati­ tude to the 1980 Program Committee chaired by Richard Bauman (University of Texas-Austin), the Lubbock Local Arrangements Committee chaired by Nancy P. Hickerson (Texas Tech Universi­ ty), and our special thanks to Laurel Phipps of the School of Continuing Education at Texas Tech University.
    Description / Table of Contents: Architecture as Identity, I: The Essence of ArchitectureTheory and Practice at the Crossroads--A Peircean Perspective on Political Signs -- System and Observer in Semiotic Modeling: An Essay on Semiotic Realism -- Architectural Criticism as a Means to Identify Socially Shared Values: The Case of the East Building of the National Gallery -- Buildings as Symbols of Political Ideology -- Peirce’s Anticipation of Game Theoretic Logic and Semantics -- Mind, Object, Object, Artifact II -- The Reference Relation in Music -- SI MUOVE, MA NON TROPO: An Inquiry into the Non-metaphorical Status of Idioms and Phrases -- Symbolic Use of Weaving Designs: A Case Study -- Antecedents to Peirce’s Notion of Iconic Signs -- On Discovering the Semiotic Organization of the Lexicon: State of Health as a Multifaceted Domain -- Notes on Text and Performance in the Theatre of Dario Fo -- The Structure of Metaphor -- Forgotten Pioneers of Soviet Semiotics -- On Discovering the Semiotic Organization of Experience: The Public Meanings and Private Meanings of Objects -- One Artist’s Neurosis on Signing -- Explaining Style Growth and Change: A Richer Semiotic Model -- The Rock and Roll Concert: A Semiotic Analysis -- Disemia -- Naturalness Vs. Arbitrariness in the Domain of Color -- Modes of Medical Instruction: A Semiotic Comparison of Textbooks of Medicine and Popular Home Medical Books -- Peirce’s Existential Graphs as the Basis for An Introduction to Logic: Semiosis in the Logic Classroom -- Peirce as Catalyst in Modern Legal Science: Consequences -- A Semiotic Account of Polysemy and Homonymy -- The Semiosis of the Sequence of Signs in a Narrative -- The Impact of Speech-Act Theory and Phenomenology on Proust and Claude Simon -- Semiotic Perspectives on Chinese: A Picturesque Language -- Peirce and Jakobson: Towards a Structuralist Reconstruction of Peirce -- Architecture as Representation of Nature -- The Measurement of Comentropy Transfer Rates -- Towards a Transcultural Semiotic -- The Self-Disclosure Technique for Ethno-Graphic Elicitation -- Conventions of Poetry as Iconic Signs -- Comparative Adjestives in Terms of Peirce’s Phenomenological Categories -- Interpretant and Interpretation -- Tipping Behavior as a Semiotic Process -- The Mark VI: A New Eidometer Design Concept -- The Role of Scientific Paradigms in Empirical semiotics -- Interactive Nonverbal Categories: A Reappraisal and Elaboration -- Reckoning with the World -- On the Paradigm of Experience Appropriate for Semiotics -- Semiotic and Creativity -- The Appearance of Appearance: Architecture, Communication and Value Systems -- What is Evidence Evidence of? -- The Ironic Sign -- Art and Objectivity -- More Than Words Can Say -- A Reconstruction Paradigm for the Experimental Analysis of Semiotic Factors in Cognitive Processing -- Peirce and Greimas from the Viewpoint of Musical Semiotics: An Outline for Comparative Semiotics -- The Application of the Peircean Semiotic to Logic -- Symbolic Configurations and Two-Dimensional Mathematical Notation -- The Perception of Nonverbal Behavior in Function of Visible Access to One or Both Interactants -- Charles Morris and Christian Norberg-Schulz: The Social Basis of Meaning in Architecture -- Toward a Semiotic Beyond Feminism -- The Structure of Categories and the Consequences for Metaphor -- The Poetic Function of the Stage Audience and Embedded Performance in Drama -- Designing Signs that Build the Required Semantics into the Needed Syntax -- A Semiotic Approach to Information Value.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468442922
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- I Institutional and Cultural Patterns -- 2 Nature of Prison Exploitation -- 3 Prison Setting and Sexual Scene -- 4 Behavior, Sexual Orientation, and Ethnicity -- II The Jockers, Punks, and Sissies -- 5 Male Sexual Relationships -- 6 The Punks in Prison -- 7 Behavior and Attitudes of the Homosexuals -- 8 Types of Homosexuals in Prison -- III Reactions to Sex in Prison -- 9 Inmate Attitudes Toward Homosexuality -- 10 Staff Attitudes Toward Homosexuality -- 11 Prison Policy, Programs, and Change -- Appendix A: Questionnaires -- Appendix B: Tables.
    Abstract: "Barry" is a seventeen-year-old single white male. He has blond hair and blue eyes, weighs 150 pounds, and is five feet eleven inches tall. He was arrested in California at age sixteen for assault and robbery. Because he was underage he was initially segregated in a one-man cell while in county jail. Then, upon admission to a state prison recep­ tion and classification facility, he was housed in a special dormitory for young, inexperienced inmates who would be at risk within the general population. Upon completion of his screening Barry's counselor recommended that he be sent to a penal institution reserved for the younger, more violence-prone, and hard­ core inmates. Barry said that he felt he would have "prob­ lems" at the recommended facility, but his counselor replied, "You won't have any problems." Once he arrived, Barry was double-celled with a nineteen-year-old inmate who beat and anally raped him during his first night in the admission unit. Barry's cellmate continued to assault him sexually during the two weeks they were housed together.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction1 Introduction -- I Institutional and Cultural Patterns -- 2 Nature of Prison Exploitation -- 3 Prison Setting and Sexual Scene -- 4 Behavior, Sexual Orientation, and Ethnicity -- II The Jockers, Punks, and Sissies -- 5 Male Sexual Relationships -- 6 The Punks in Prison -- 7 Behavior and Attitudes of the Homosexuals -- 8 Types of Homosexuals in Prison -- III Reactions to Sex in Prison -- 9 Inmate Attitudes Toward Homosexuality -- 10 Staff Attitudes Toward Homosexuality -- 11 Prison Policy, Programs, and Change -- Appendix A: Questionnaires -- Appendix B: Tables.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9781468439984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 304 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: I • The Insecticide Crisis -- 1 A New Technology -- 2 Crisis -- II • A Search for Alternatives -- 3 Strategies I: Integrated Pest Management -- 4 Strategies II: Total Population Management -- 5 Traumas -- III • Entomology in its Cultural Context -- 6 A Conceptual Framework -- 7 The Philosophical Foundations -- 8 Revolutionary Farmers -- 9 Entomologists and the Revolution -- 10 Entomology and Agricultural Production.
    Abstract: Science and technology are cultural phenomena. Expert knowledge is generated amid the conflicts of a society and in turn supplies fuel to fire yet further change and new clashes. This essay on economic entomology is a case study on how cultural events and forces affected the creation of scientific and technical knowledge. The time period emphasized is 1945 to 1980. My initial premises for selecting relevant data for the story were ultimately not of much use. Virtually all debates about insect control since 1945 have been centered around the environmental and health hazards associated with insecticides. My first but inadequate conclusion was that the center of interest lay between those who defended the chemicals and those who advocated the use of nonchemical control methods. With this formulation of the problem, I was drawn to an analysis of how the chemical manufacturers had managed to dominate and even corrupt the work of entomological scientists, farmers, members of Congress, and regulators in the USDA and EPA. My own contribu­ tions to a policy study at the National Academy of Sciences were based 1 on this premise. More recently, Robert van den Bosch developed the 2 "corruption theme" in considerable detail.
    Description / Table of Contents: I • The Insecticide Crisis1 A New Technology -- 2 Crisis -- II • A Search for Alternatives -- 3 Strategies I: Integrated Pest Management -- 4 Strategies II: Total Population Management -- 5 Traumas -- III • Entomology in its Cultural Context -- 6 A Conceptual Framework -- 7 The Philosophical Foundations -- 8 Revolutionary Farmers -- 9 Entomologists and the Revolution -- 10 Entomology and Agricultural Production.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468441727
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: 1. Families as Facilitators of Children’s Intellectual Development at 3 Years of Age: A Causal Analysis -- 2. The Relationship between Parental Distancing Strategies and the Child’s Cognitive Behavior -- 3. Family Environments and the Acquisition of Reading Skills: Toward a More Precise Analysis -- 4. Some American Families at Dinner -- 5. Play as a Context for Early Learning: Lab and Home Analyses -- 6. On the Familial Origins of Personality and Social Style -- 7. Variation in Infant Experience Associated with Alternative Family Roles -- 8. Family Day Care: The Role of the Surrogate Mother -- 9. The Relationship between Parents’ Beliefs about Development and Family Constellation, Socioeconomic Status, and Parents’ Teaching Strategies -- 10. The Role of Categorization in the Socialization Process: How Parents and Older Siblings Cognitively Organize Child Behavior -- 11. Learning to Do Things without Help -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The chapters in this volume reflect the work and thoughts of a group of researchers interested in studying families as learning environments for children. As we proceed in our quest to identify and understand with some specificity the familial factors associated with the intellectual and social development of children, the time is ripe for the reintroduction of families as units of study in psychological and educational research. With the increasing focus on the changing organization of the modern family, it is of more than academic interest to identify those variables that play a significant role in the child's development. Such knowledge certainly should help in the planning and design of appropriate and credible applications. These chapters, representing a broad spectrum of research, derive from papers presented and discussed at a working conference on families as learning environments sponsored by Educational Testing Service in Prince­ ton, New Jersey. Following the conference, the papers were revised and edited for inclusion in this volume. We are indebted to a number of people whose contributions helped make the conference a success: Samuel J. Messick and Winton H. Manning for their support; Jan Flaugher, Jessie Cryer, Linda Kozelski, and Betty Clausen for assistance with local arrangements; and William Nemceff, Kathleen Lingle, and Kalina Gonska for help with the audio-recording of the proceedings. LUIS M. LAOSA IRVING E. SIGEL vii Contents Introduction ..................................... Xl Luis M. Laosa Chapter 1. Families as Facilitators of Children's Intellectual Development at 3 Years of Age: A Causal Analysis ........................................ .
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9781489904294
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 494 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Critical Issues in Social Justice
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Ethics ; Social sciences ; Personality. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Difference (Psychology). ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1 • Adapting to Scarcity and Change (I): Stating the Problem -- 2 • The Justice Motive in Human Relations: Some Thoughts on What We Know and Need to Know about Justice -- Basic Processes -- 3 • Theoretical Issues in the Development of Social Justice -- 4 • The Development of Justice and Self-Interest during Childhood -- 5 • Morality and the Development of Conceptions of Justice -- 6 • Social Change and the Contexts of Justice Motivation -- 7 • Retributive Justice -- 8 • The Social Psychology of Punishment Reactions -- 9 • Microjustice and Macrojustice -- Institutional Settings -- 10 • The Changing Longevity of Heterosexual Close Relationships: A Commentary and Forecast -- 11 • Giving and Receiving: Social Justice in Close Relationships -- 12 • The Exchange Process in Close Relationships: Microbehavior and Macromotives -- 13 • The Justice of Distributing Scarce and Abundant Resources -- 14 • The Allocation and Acquisition of Resources in Times of Scarcity -- 15 • Justice in “The Crunch” -- 16 • The Relationship of Economic Growth to Inequality in the Distribution of Income -- 17 • Justice Motives and Other Psychological Factors in the Development and Resolution of Disputes -- 18 • Down-to-Earth Justice: Pitfalls on the Road to Legal Decentralization -- 19 • Law as a Social Trap: Problems and Possibilities for the Future -- Endnote -- 20 • Adapting to Scarcity and Change (II): Constructive Alternatives -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This volume was conceived out of the concern with what the imminent future holds for the "have" countries ... those societies, such as the United States, which are based on complex technology and a high level of energy consumption. Even the most sanguine projection includes as base minimum relatively rapid and radical change in all aspects of the society, reflecting adaptation or reactions to demands created by poten­ tial threat to the technological base, sources of energy, to the life-support system itself. Whatever the source of these threats-whether they are the result of politically endogeneous or exogeneous forces-they will elicit changes in our social institutions; changes resulting not only from attempts to adapt but also from unintended consequences of failures to adapt. One reasonable assumption is that whatever the future holds for us, we would prefer to live in a world of minimal suffering with the greatest opportunity for fulfilling the human potential. The question then becomes one of how we can provide for these goals in that scenario for the imminent future ... a world of threat, change, need to adapt, diminishing access to that which has been familiar, comfortable, needed.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9781461331988
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (346p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Accounting.
    Abstract: 1 Stretching the Grant Dollar: The Players and the Process -- Who Is Responsible for Stretching the Grant Dollar? -- What Happens to the Grant Dollar? -- 2 The Proposal Decision: Should You Apply? -- How Much Will the Application Cost You? -- What Are Your Chances for Success in Receiving an Award? -- What Cost Sharing Will Be Required If You Receive an Award? -- Does the Project Fit with Your Organization’S Mission? -- Do You Have (or Can You Get) the Resources Necessary to Carry Out the Project? -- Who in Your Organization Decides Whether or Not You Should Apply? -- 3 The Proposal Budget: Asking for the Right Amount -- How Much Do You Need? -- How Do You Know What They’ve Got? -- Never Pad a Budget -- When to Pad a Budget -- What Do You Include in a Budget? -- How Do You Develop a Budget? -- What Are the Characteristics of a Well-Prepared Grant Budget? -- Who in Your Agency Approves Grant Budgets? -- 4 The Project Award: Negotiating the Best Deal -- Negotiation: The Basic Ingredients -- Observations of Experienced Grants Getters and Givers -- 5 Grant Procedures: Putting Your Act Together -- Why Are Grant Policies and Procedures Important? -- How Do You Monitor the Technical and Fiscal Progress of Grant Projects? -- What Grant Policies Do You Need? -- How Can You Develop Grant Policies Effectively and with Minimum Effort? -- 6 Spending the Award: Getting More for Less -- The Purchasing Decision: Comparing Alternatives -- The Purchase Itself: Paying Less -- Save by Using Grantee Buying Power -- Save by Using Grantor Buying Power -- Advice and Examples of Savings from Experienced Grants Spenders -- Obstacles to Saving and How to Get around Them -- 7 Expenditures to Avoid: Over-, Under-, Unallowable -- How Do You Avoid Overexpenditures? -- How Do You Avoid Underexpenditures, and Why Should You? -- How Do You Avoid Unallowable Expenditures? -- Do You Hold Project Spending Meetings? -- 8 Cash Management: Timing Your Dollars In and Out -- How Fast Can You Collect the Grant Funds? -- How Advantageously Can You Pay Out the Grant Funds? -- How Efficiently Can You Invest Idle Cash? -- What Are the Obstacles to Effective Cash Management? -- Does Your Organization Have a Cash Management Policy for Grants? -- Who in Your Organization Is Responsible for Cash Management? -- 9 Funding-Agency Contacts: Letting Them Help -- Let Them Help You Decide Whether or Not to Apply -- Let Them Help You Write the Proposal -- Let Them Help You Ask for the Right Amount -- Let Them Advocate Your Proposal -- Let Them Give You Advance Information -- Let Them Create an RFP Based on Your Idea -- Let Them Solve Potential Problems before the Award -- Let Them Tell You Why You Didn’t Win -- Let Them Help You Negotiate the Best Deal -- Let Them Help You Get More for Less -- Let Them Help You Avoid Under-, Over-, and Unallowable Expenditures -- Let Them Help You with Cash Management -- The “Politics” of Contacts -- 10 Gamesplaying: An Obstacle to Cost-Effective Grant Spending -- What Are the Conflicting Needs of Grant Players That Lead to Adversary Relationships? -- Who Plays the Games? -- What Are Some Typical Game Scripts? -- Why and How Should Gamesplaying Be Stopped? -- 11 Your Role: Organizing for the Grant $ S-T-R-E-T-C-H! -- Who in Your Organization Is Responsible for Each Grant-Optimizing Activity Mentioned in This Book? -- Is There Someone in Your Organization Responsible for Each Activity? -- If Several Persons Share Responsibilities, Are Their Activities Coordinated? -- Do the Responsible Employees Have the Knowledge They Need to Get the Most out of Your Grant Dollars? -- Is There a Better Way to Combine Tasks and Positions to Get the Most out of Your Grant Dollar? -- What Can You Do? -- Appendix A Definition of Terms -- Appendix B Sample Purchasing Policy and Forms -- Appendix C Sample Travel Policy and Forms -- Appendix D Sample Consultant/Independent Contractor Forms -- Appendix E Federal Excess Property Program Regional Offices -- Appendix F Acquisition of Excess Government Personal Property by National Science Foundation Grantees -- References.
    Abstract: Do you work for an organization that depends on receiving grant funds for sur­ vival? Do you work for one that gives grants? Have you been in the grants busi­ ness a long time? Or a relatively short time? Do you plan to work for a grant­ giving or grant-receiving organization? If you answered "Yes" to any of these questions, this book is written for you. It will save you money. You will share in professional secrets that, up until now, have not been in print. You will find out more about the roles that others play in the grant-spending process; thus you will have an advantage in dealing with others. You will receive tips for spending grant dollars effectively and will be alerted to obstacles that may prevent you from maximizing grant funds. "Grants programs should be run more efficiently, cut out the organizational 'fat,' and develop better management techniques," a trustee of the Rosenberg Foundation was quoted as saying in the Foundation News recently. In this same issue, a leader of the Alcoholism Center for Women in Los Angeles told of trim­ ming superfluous grant spending across the board. "We want to provide the same services," she stated. "We're cutting the fat. " The topic of the article was Cali­ fornia's Proposition 13 and its impact on nonprofit organizations that depend on grant funds for their survival. (l) Not only are taxpayers revolting nationwide against paying ever-increasing taxes, but Congressmen are apparently listening.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Stretching the Grant Dollar: The Players and the ProcessWho Is Responsible for Stretching the Grant Dollar? -- What Happens to the Grant Dollar? -- 2 The Proposal Decision: Should You Apply? -- How Much Will the Application Cost You? -- What Are Your Chances for Success in Receiving an Award? -- What Cost Sharing Will Be Required If You Receive an Award? -- Does the Project Fit with Your Organization’S Mission? -- Do You Have (or Can You Get) the Resources Necessary to Carry Out the Project? -- Who in Your Organization Decides Whether or Not You Should Apply? -- 3 The Proposal Budget: Asking for the Right Amount -- How Much Do You Need? -- How Do You Know What They’ve Got? -- Never Pad a Budget -- When to Pad a Budget -- What Do You Include in a Budget? -- How Do You Develop a Budget? -- What Are the Characteristics of a Well-Prepared Grant Budget? -- Who in Your Agency Approves Grant Budgets? -- 4 The Project Award: Negotiating the Best Deal -- Negotiation: The Basic Ingredients -- Observations of Experienced Grants Getters and Givers -- 5 Grant Procedures: Putting Your Act Together -- Why Are Grant Policies and Procedures Important? -- How Do You Monitor the Technical and Fiscal Progress of Grant Projects? -- What Grant Policies Do You Need? -- How Can You Develop Grant Policies Effectively and with Minimum Effort? -- 6 Spending the Award: Getting More for Less -- The Purchasing Decision: Comparing Alternatives -- The Purchase Itself: Paying Less -- Save by Using Grantee Buying Power -- Save by Using Grantor Buying Power -- Advice and Examples of Savings from Experienced Grants Spenders -- Obstacles to Saving and How to Get around Them -- 7 Expenditures to Avoid: Over-, Under-, Unallowable -- How Do You Avoid Overexpenditures? -- How Do You Avoid Underexpenditures, and Why Should You? -- How Do You Avoid Unallowable Expenditures? -- Do You Hold Project Spending Meetings? -- 8 Cash Management: Timing Your Dollars In and Out -- How Fast Can You Collect the Grant Funds? -- How Advantageously Can You Pay Out the Grant Funds? -- How Efficiently Can You Invest Idle Cash? -- What Are the Obstacles to Effective Cash Management? -- Does Your Organization Have a Cash Management Policy for Grants? -- Who in Your Organization Is Responsible for Cash Management? -- 9 Funding-Agency Contacts: Letting Them Help -- Let Them Help You Decide Whether or Not to Apply -- Let Them Help You Write the Proposal -- Let Them Help You Ask for the Right Amount -- Let Them Advocate Your Proposal -- Let Them Give You Advance Information -- Let Them Create an RFP Based on Your Idea -- Let Them Solve Potential Problems before the Award -- Let Them Tell You Why You Didn’t Win -- Let Them Help You Negotiate the Best Deal -- Let Them Help You Get More for Less -- Let Them Help You Avoid Under-, Over-, and Unallowable Expenditures -- Let Them Help You with Cash Management -- The “Politics” of Contacts -- 10 Gamesplaying: An Obstacle to Cost-Effective Grant Spending -- What Are the Conflicting Needs of Grant Players That Lead to Adversary Relationships? -- Who Plays the Games? -- What Are Some Typical Game Scripts? -- Why and How Should Gamesplaying Be Stopped? -- 11 Your Role: Organizing for the Grant $ S-T-R-E-T-C-H! -- Who in Your Organization Is Responsible for Each Grant-Optimizing Activity Mentioned in This Book? -- Is There Someone in Your Organization Responsible for Each Activity? -- If Several Persons Share Responsibilities, Are Their Activities Coordinated? -- Do the Responsible Employees Have the Knowledge They Need to Get the Most out of Your Grant Dollars? -- Is There a Better Way to Combine Tasks and Positions to Get the Most out of Your Grant Dollar? -- What Can You Do? -- Appendix A Definition of Terms -- Appendix B Sample Purchasing Policy and Forms -- Appendix C Sample Travel Policy and Forms -- Appendix D Sample Consultant/Independent Contractor Forms -- Appendix E Federal Excess Property Program Regional Offices -- Appendix F Acquisition of Excess Government Personal Property by National Science Foundation Grantees -- References.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9781468440164
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (382p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: Prologue -- 1 Collection of Gametes in Laboratory Animals and Preparation of Sperm for in Vitro Fertilization -- Collection of Ova for in Vitro Fertilization -- Methods Presently Used for Sperm Collection -- Differences in Sperm as a Function of Collection Method -- Preparation of Ejaculated Sperm for Use in in Vitro Fertilization -- Methods Used to Induce Capacitation of Ejaculated Sperm -- References -- 2 Ovum Collection and Induced Luteal Dysfunction in Primates -- Ovum Collection -- Evaluation of Corpus Luteum function -- Induced Folliculogenesis -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- 3 Analysis of Culture Media for in Vitro Fertilization and Criteria for Success -- Culture Media -- Criteria for Success -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 In Vitro Culture of the Zygote and Embryo -- General Observations on Fertilization and Early Development in Vitro -- Metabolic Requirements for Embryonic Development in Vitro -- Complex Media and Biological Fluids for Embryo Culture -- Conclusions -- References -- 5 Mechanisms of Fertilization in Mammals -- Epididymal Maturation and Capacitation of Spermatozoa -- Acrosome and Acrosome Reaction -- Hyperactivation of Spermatozoa -- Interaction of Spermatozoa with the Cumulus Oophorus -- Interaction of Spermatozoa with the Zona Pellucida -- Sperm-Egg Fusion -- Decondensation of the Sperm Nucleus and Development of Sperm and Egg Pronuclei -- Conclusions -- References -- 6 The Mammalian Egg’s Block to Polyspermy -- Zona Reaction -- Zona Reaction Mechanisms -- Egg Plasma Membrane Block -- Block to Polyspermy Mechanisms -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 Gamete Interaction in the Sea Urchin A Model for Understanding the Molecular Details of Animal Fertilization -- Fertilization in the Sea Urchin -- The Plasma Membrane of Sea Urchin Sperm -- Sperm-Specific Surface Antigenicity Common to Seven Animal Phyla -- Isolation of Acrosome Granules and Identification of Bindin as the Major Component Involved in Sperm Adhesion -- Identification of a Bindin Receptor Glycoprotein from the Egg Vitelline Layer -- Conclusions -- References -- 8 Awakening of the Invertebrate Egg at Fertilization -- Sperm-Egg Fusion and the Rapid Block to Polyspermy -- Insertion and Localization of Sperm Components in the Egg -- The Cortical Reaction and Extracellular Peroxidative Reactions -- Activation of Egg Metabolism -- Conclusions -- References -- 9 Chromosome Aberrations and Mammalian Reproduction -- The Newborn -- Postimplantation Embryos -- Preimplantation Embryos -- Germ Cells -- Conclusions -- References -- 10 The Effects of Chromosomal Aneuploidy on Early Development Experimental Approaches -- Products of Aneuploid Mouse Embryos -- The Consequences of Monosomy -- Identical Twin Embryos -- Conclusions -- References -- 11 Blastocyst Fluid Formation -- Na+/ K+ ATPase and Blastocyst Fluid Accumulation -- Oxygen Consumption and Active Transport -- Developmental Aspects of Solute Transport in Blastocysts -- Conclusions -- References -- 12 Water and Electrolyte Transport by Pig Chorioallantois -- Porcine Allantoic Fluid Volume and Composition -- Effect of Lactogenic Hormones on Transport Properties of the Porcine Chorioallantoic Membrane -- Effect of Bromocryptine on Allantoic Fluid Volume and Electrolyte Composition at Day 30 of Gestation -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- 13 Critical Review of Embryo Transfer Procedures with Cattle -- Normalcy of Superovulated Ova -- A Note on Experimental Design -- Morphological Evaluation of Embryos -- Morphological Normalcy of Superovulated Ova with Time -- In Vitro Culture of Bovine Embryos -- Stage of the Estrous Cycle to Initiate Superovulation -- Regimens for Inseminating Superovulated Cows -- Side of Transfer -- Stage of Embryonic Development and Surgical Transfer -- Donor-Recipient Estrous Cycle Synchrony -- Factors Affecting Pregnancy Rates after Nonsurgical Transfer -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Epilogue.
    Description / Table of Contents: Prologue1 Collection of Gametes in Laboratory Animals and Preparation of Sperm for in Vitro Fertilization -- Collection of Ova for in Vitro Fertilization -- Methods Presently Used for Sperm Collection -- Differences in Sperm as a Function of Collection Method -- Preparation of Ejaculated Sperm for Use in in Vitro Fertilization -- Methods Used to Induce Capacitation of Ejaculated Sperm -- References -- 2 Ovum Collection and Induced Luteal Dysfunction in Primates -- Ovum Collection -- Evaluation of Corpus Luteum function -- Induced Folliculogenesis -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- 3 Analysis of Culture Media for in Vitro Fertilization and Criteria for Success -- Culture Media -- Criteria for Success -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 In Vitro Culture of the Zygote and Embryo -- General Observations on Fertilization and Early Development in Vitro -- Metabolic Requirements for Embryonic Development in Vitro -- Complex Media and Biological Fluids for Embryo Culture -- Conclusions -- References -- 5 Mechanisms of Fertilization in Mammals -- Epididymal Maturation and Capacitation of Spermatozoa -- Acrosome and Acrosome Reaction -- Hyperactivation of Spermatozoa -- Interaction of Spermatozoa with the Cumulus Oophorus -- Interaction of Spermatozoa with the Zona Pellucida -- Sperm-Egg Fusion -- Decondensation of the Sperm Nucleus and Development of Sperm and Egg Pronuclei -- Conclusions -- References -- 6 The Mammalian Egg’s Block to Polyspermy -- Zona Reaction -- Zona Reaction Mechanisms -- Egg Plasma Membrane Block -- Block to Polyspermy Mechanisms -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 Gamete Interaction in the Sea Urchin A Model for Understanding the Molecular Details of Animal Fertilization -- Fertilization in the Sea Urchin -- The Plasma Membrane of Sea Urchin Sperm -- Sperm-Specific Surface Antigenicity Common to Seven Animal Phyla -- Isolation of Acrosome Granules and Identification of Bindin as the Major Component Involved in Sperm Adhesion -- Identification of a Bindin Receptor Glycoprotein from the Egg Vitelline Layer -- Conclusions -- References -- 8 Awakening of the Invertebrate Egg at Fertilization -- Sperm-Egg Fusion and the Rapid Block to Polyspermy -- Insertion and Localization of Sperm Components in the Egg -- The Cortical Reaction and Extracellular Peroxidative Reactions -- Activation of Egg Metabolism -- Conclusions -- References -- 9 Chromosome Aberrations and Mammalian Reproduction -- The Newborn -- Postimplantation Embryos -- Preimplantation Embryos -- Germ Cells -- Conclusions -- References -- 10 The Effects of Chromosomal Aneuploidy on Early Development Experimental Approaches -- Products of Aneuploid Mouse Embryos -- The Consequences of Monosomy -- Identical Twin Embryos -- Conclusions -- References -- 11 Blastocyst Fluid Formation -- Na+/ K+ ATPase and Blastocyst Fluid Accumulation -- Oxygen Consumption and Active Transport -- Developmental Aspects of Solute Transport in Blastocysts -- Conclusions -- References -- 12 Water and Electrolyte Transport by Pig Chorioallantois -- Porcine Allantoic Fluid Volume and Composition -- Effect of Lactogenic Hormones on Transport Properties of the Porcine Chorioallantoic Membrane -- Effect of Bromocryptine on Allantoic Fluid Volume and Electrolyte Composition at Day 30 of Gestation -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- 13 Critical Review of Embryo Transfer Procedures with Cattle -- Normalcy of Superovulated Ova -- A Note on Experimental Design -- Morphological Evaluation of Embryos -- Morphological Normalcy of Superovulated Ova with Time -- In Vitro Culture of Bovine Embryos -- Stage of the Estrous Cycle to Initiate Superovulation -- Regimens for Inseminating Superovulated Cows -- Side of Transfer -- Stage of Embryonic Development and Surgical Transfer -- Donor-Recipient Estrous Cycle Synchrony -- Factors Affecting Pregnancy Rates after Nonsurgical Transfer -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Epilogue.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461592181
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 233 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences
    Abstract: 1Inhibition of Chemical Carcinogenesis by Phenols, Coumarins, Aromatic Isothiocyanates, Flavones, and Indoles -- I. Introduction -- II. Inhibitors of Chemical Carcinogens -- III. Discussion -- 2Inhibition of Carcinogen Metabolism and Action by Disulfiram, Pyrazole, and Related Compounds -- I. Introduction -- II. Disulfiram -- III. Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate and Dithiocarbamate Pesticides -- IV. Carbon Disulfide -- V. Pyrazole -- VI. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzo[a]pyrene and 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene -- VII. Hydrazo and Azoxy Carcinogens -- VIII. N-Nitrosamines -- IX. Arylamines -- X. Azo Dyes: 3?-Methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene -- XI. Ultraviolet Light -- XII. Spontaneous Tumors -- XIII. Other Effects of Thiono Sulfur Compounds -- References -- 3Retinoids and Chemoprevention of Cancer -- I. Introduction -- II. Retinoids and Epithelial Cell Differentiation -- III. Suppression of Malignant Transformation and Tumor Promotion by Retinoids -- IV. Retinoid Deficiency and Carcinogenesis -- V. Natural Retinoids and Prevention of Carcinogenesis -- VI. Structure-Activity Relationships of New Synthetic Retinoids -- VII. Prevention of Cancer in Experimental Animals with New Synthetic Retinoids -- VIII. Mechanism of Action of Retinoids in Chemoprevention of Cancer -- IX. Mechanism of Toxicity of Retinoids -- X. Combination Chemoprevention with Retinoids -- References -- 4Ascorbic Acid Inhibition of N-Nitroso Compound Formation in Chemical, Food, and Biological Systems -- I. Introduction -- II. In Vitro Studies -- III. In Vivo Studies -- IV Tests on Carcinogenicity and Mutagenicity of Ascorbic Acid -- V. Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Carcinogenicity and Mutagenicity of N-Nitroso Compounds -- VI. Ascorbic Acid and Carcinogenesis in Man -- VII. Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 5?-Tocopherol (Vitamin E) and Its Relationship to Tumor Induction and Development -- I. Introduction -- II. Vitamin E as an Antitumor Agent -- III. Nitroso Compounds -- IV. Formation of N-Nitroso Compounds -- V. Blocking N-Nitroso Compound Formation -- VI. ?-Tocopherol Applications -- VII. Ascorbic Acid and Tocopherol Effect on Preformed Nitrosamines -- VIII. Summary -- References -- 6Trace Elements and Metals as Anticarcinogens -- I. Introduction -- II. Selenium -- III. Zinc -- IV. Copper -- V. Other Trace Elements and Metals -- VI. Closing Remarks -- References -- 7Plant Sterols: Protective Role in Chemical Carcinogenesis -- I. Background -- II. Plant Sterols: Structure and Function -- III. Animal Test Systems -- IV. Results -- V. Discussion -- References -- 8Immunoprevention -- I. Introduction -- II. Detection of Tumor-Associated Antigens in Experimental Rat Bowel Carcinomas -- III. Evidence that Embryonic Antigens are Associated with Bowel Carcinomas -- IV. Enhanced 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Tumorigenesis in Immunosuppressed Rats -- V. Inhibitory Effect on Bowel Carcinogenesis by Immunization with Transplantable Syngeneic Colon Carcinoma -- VI. Inhibitory Effect on Bowel Carcinogenesis by Immunization with Fetal Tissue -- VII. Inhibition of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Carcinogenesis in Multiparous Rats -- VIII. Effect of Tumor Resection on the Development of Additional Primary Tumors -- IX. Regression of Early Primary Bowel Carcinomas by Multimodal Immunological Treatment -- X. Conclusions -- References -- 9Summation and Future Challenges -- I. Introduction -- II. Challenges to Chemists and Molecular and Cell Biologists -- III. Challenges to Epidemiologists and Oncologists.
    Abstract: The primary purpose of this book is to bring to the attention of members of the medical and scientific communities, as well as to other interested persons, a new and expanding area of investigation that features the use of chemicals for the prevention of tumor induction and development. This novel use of chemical compounds has succeeded in producing a remarkable series of discoveries in recent years. Some of these are beginning to be evaluated in the field of clinical oncology in a manner that has potentially enormous public health implications. It is anticipated, therefore, that increasing amounts of time, energy, and financial resources will be devoted to the further development and expansion of this work. The major contribution of this book at the present time is that it summarizes and brings up to date the pioneering efforts of the various scientists who originated this new and exciting field of scientific activity. The thoughts expressed by Louis Pasteur in 1884 may soon be applicable in the fight against cancer: "When meditating over a disease, I never think of finding a remedy for it, but instead a means of preventing it. " The emphasis on cancer prevention currently underway is the result, in part, of an increased awareness that the environment-geographical, cultural, and occupational-has a role in development of the disease.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468438789
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1 Political Disaffection -- The Theory of Political Alienation -- Conceptualization and Measurement of Political Discontent -- Origins and Correlates -- Explaining the Recent Trends -- Political Alienation and Political behavior -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 Sociopolitical Movements -- The Study of Sociopolitical Movements -- Theories of the Social Origins of Movements -- Mobilization, Recruitment, and the Problem of Consciousness -- Movement Organizations and the Problem of Movement Transformation -- The Strategy and Tactics of Movements -- The Dynamics of Conflict and the Outcome of Challenges -- References -- 3 Public Opinion and Ideology -- The Concept of Public Opinion -- The Individual Basis of Opinions -- Ideology in Mass Preferences -- Patterns and Trends in Contemporary American Opinion -- Public Opinion and Public Policy -- References -- 4 Political Participation -- Conceptualizing Political Participation -- Political Participation as a Function of Stimuli -- Political Participation as a Function of Personal Factors -- Political Participation as a Function of Social Position -- Political Participation as a Function of Environmental Variables -- What Difference Does Political Participation Make? -- References -- 5 Mass Communication and Politics -- Origins and Background of Contemporary Research -- The Political Media of Mass Communication -- Dimensions of the Mass Communication-Politics Relationship -- Methodological Considerations -- Theoretical Approaches -- Politics and Communication, or Political Communication? -- References -- 6 The Rise and Fall of ‘Political Development’ -- ‘Political Development’: What Is It? -- ‘Political Development’: What Happened to It? -- ‘Political Development’: What Are Its Meanings? -- Conclusion -- References.
    Abstract: In the writing of prefaces for works of this sort, most editors report being faced with similar challenges and have much in common in relating how these challenges are met. They acknowledge that their paramount ob­ jective is to provide more than an overview of topics but rather to offer selective critical reviews that will serve to advance theory and research in the particular area reviewed. The question of the appropriate audience to be addressed is usually answered by directing material to a potential audience of social scientists, graduate students, and, occasionally, ad­ vanced undergraduate students. Editors who are confronted with the problem of structuring their material often explore various means by which their social science discipline might be subdivided, then generally conclude that no particular classification strategy is superior. In elabo­ rating on the process by which the enterprise was initiated, editors typ­ ically resort to a panel of luminaries, who provide independent support for the idea and then offer both suggestions for topics and the authors who will write them. Editors usually concede that chapter topics and content do not reflect their original conception but are a compromise between their wishes and the authors' expertise and capabilities. Editors report that inevitable delays occur, authors drop out of projects and are replaced, and new topics are introduced. Finally, editors frequently con­ fess that the final product is incomplete, with gaps occurring because of failed commitments by authors or because authors could not be secured to write certain chapters.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Political DisaffectionThe Theory of Political Alienation -- Conceptualization and Measurement of Political Discontent -- Origins and Correlates -- Explaining the Recent Trends -- Political Alienation and Political behavior -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 Sociopolitical Movements -- The Study of Sociopolitical Movements -- Theories of the Social Origins of Movements -- Mobilization, Recruitment, and the Problem of Consciousness -- Movement Organizations and the Problem of Movement Transformation -- The Strategy and Tactics of Movements -- The Dynamics of Conflict and the Outcome of Challenges -- References -- 3 Public Opinion and Ideology -- The Concept of Public Opinion -- The Individual Basis of Opinions -- Ideology in Mass Preferences -- Patterns and Trends in Contemporary American Opinion -- Public Opinion and Public Policy -- References -- 4 Political Participation -- Conceptualizing Political Participation -- Political Participation as a Function of Stimuli -- Political Participation as a Function of Personal Factors -- Political Participation as a Function of Social Position -- Political Participation as a Function of Environmental Variables -- What Difference Does Political Participation Make? -- References -- 5 Mass Communication and Politics -- Origins and Background of Contemporary Research -- The Political Media of Mass Communication -- Dimensions of the Mass Communication-Politics Relationship -- Methodological Considerations -- Theoretical Approaches -- Politics and Communication, or Political Communication? -- References -- 6 The Rise and Fall of ‘Political Development’ -- ‘Political Development’: What Is It? -- ‘Political Development’: What Happened to It? -- ‘Political Development’: What Are Its Meanings? -- Conclusion -- References.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9781468440041
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (452p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: 1 General Considerations for Evaluating and Counseling the Physically Handicapped -- The Stigma of Disability -- The Process of Adjustment to Disability -- Psychological Characteristics and Problems Commonly Associated with Disability -- Helping Relationships with the Physically Disabled -- Suggestions about Process -- Labeling, Normalization, and Mainstreaming -- Milestones -- References -- 2 Hemophilia -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Hemophilia -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 3 Diabetes Mellitus -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Diabetic Patients -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- 4 Other Genetic Disorders -- Genetic Disorders -- Phenylketonuria -- Turner’s Syndrome -- Klinefelter’s Syndrome -- Huntington’s Disease -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 5 Cerebral Palsy -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Cerebral Palsy -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 6 Epilepsy -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluation of Individuals with Epilepsy -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 7 Mental Retardation -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Mental Retardation -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 8 Spinal Cord Injury -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Spinal Cord Injury -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 9 Myelomeningocele (Spina Bifida) -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Myelomeningocele -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 10 Progressive Muscle Disorders -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluation of Patients with Progressive Muscle Disorder -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 11 Congenital Heart Defects -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Congenital Heart Defect -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 12 Coronary Heart Disease -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Coronary Heart Disease -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 13 Visual Handicaps -- Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating the Blind -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 14 Hearing Disorders -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating the Hearing-Impaired Person -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References.
    Abstract: A relationship between the disciplines of psychology and medicine is evident in writings from the beginnings of recorded history. This inter­ action was characterized in some epochs by mutual interest and support, only to be followed by periods of relative disinterest. During the past century there have been several formal attempts to acknowledge this interdependence and to revive and codify on a more permanent basis the working relationships between practitioners and scientists from both psychology and medicine. These twentieth-century waves of interest, which have also come and gone, have been identified by such names as psychosomatic medicine and rehabilitation psychology. For a variety of reasons, notably the lack of a sufficient knowledge base in either disci­ pline, the desired partnership has not come to full flower. This state of affairs seems to be changing as we enter the last two decades of the twentieth century. In the American Psychologist in September, 1980, I reviewed recent developments in psychology and in medicine and in federal and private funding patterns, which give evidence of revitalizing this partnership between these two disciplines and their relevant subspecialties. For ex­ ample, after six decades of spectacular biomedical scientific advances which have all but eradicated such life-threatening diseases as polio­ myelitis and tuberculosis, leaders in medicine, the behavioral sciences, and other segments of society reached a consensus during the 1970s that the behavior of the individual is one of today's unexplored frontiers for modern medical practice and related good health care.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 General Considerations for Evaluating and Counseling the Physically HandicappedThe Stigma of Disability -- The Process of Adjustment to Disability -- Psychological Characteristics and Problems Commonly Associated with Disability -- Helping Relationships with the Physically Disabled -- Suggestions about Process -- Labeling, Normalization, and Mainstreaming -- Milestones -- References -- 2 Hemophilia -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Hemophilia -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 3 Diabetes Mellitus -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Diabetic Patients -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- 4 Other Genetic Disorders -- Genetic Disorders -- Phenylketonuria -- Turner’s Syndrome -- Klinefelter’s Syndrome -- Huntington’s Disease -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 5 Cerebral Palsy -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Cerebral Palsy -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 6 Epilepsy -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluation of Individuals with Epilepsy -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 7 Mental Retardation -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Mental Retardation -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 8 Spinal Cord Injury -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Spinal Cord Injury -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 9 Myelomeningocele (Spina Bifida) -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Myelomeningocele -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 10 Progressive Muscle Disorders -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluation of Patients with Progressive Muscle Disorder -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 11 Congenital Heart Defects -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Congenital Heart Defect -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 12 Coronary Heart Disease -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating Persons with Coronary Heart Disease -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 13 Visual Handicaps -- Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating the Blind -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References -- 14 Hearing Disorders -- The Physical Disability -- Common Psychological Characteristics and Problems -- Evaluating the Hearing-Impaired Person -- Intervention Methods -- Trends and Needs -- Appendix: Sources of Information -- References.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9781468439113
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (704p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: Annotated Bibliography -- Late Additions -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The Scope of Brief Therapy Within the last two decades there has been a dramatic expansion in the uses of short-term treatment (Grayson, 1979, Small, 1979). Brief therapies have been and continue to be widely used with a number of different patient popu­ lations in a broad variety of service settings. They have been reported in use with children, adolescents, adults~ and the aged; in groups, families, and individual treatment; on college campuses, high schools, in community mental health centers, in child guidance clinics, in private psychiatric clinics, in hospitals as part of out-patient or in-patient therapy, in programs of preventive community mental health; with the rich, the middle class, and the poor (Barten, 1971, 1972; Caplan, 1961, 1964; Small, 1979; Wolberg, 1965). Further, short term methods of therapy range across all of the major and well-known theoretical orientations found in the broader field of psychotherapy. There are some unique theoretical contributions which can be found within this field as well.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461591917
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1 Small Groups in Political Science: Perspectives on Significance and Stuckness -- Four Basic Small-Group Orientations: Tracing the Literature’s Major Themes -- Some Small-Group Dimensions: Toward Differentiating the Species -- Four Cases of Small Groups in Politics: Dynamics/Dimensions as Emergent/Contrived -- Overview of Significance and Stuckness: The Condition of Small-Group Analysis Today -- References -- 2 Government Learning: An Overview -- Defining Learning -- Normative Issues -- Trends -- Motivation and Cognition—Individual Bases -- Organizational Structure and Dynamics -- The Washington Political Environment -- Societal, World, and Historical Contexts -- Problem Types -- Diagnostic Repertoires -- Concluding Reflections -- References -- 3 Political Violence: A Critical Evaluation -- Frequency of Conflict -- Dimensions of Conflict -- Hypotheses About Violence -- Summary -- References -- 4 Rationality and Collective-Choice Theory -- Rationality -- Individual and Collective Choice -- Axiomatic-Choice Theory -- Economic Theories of Politics—Spatial Models -- Game Theory -- Collective Goods -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Political Symbolism -- Sources of the Research Focus -- A Survey of Applications of Symbolic Theory -- Conclusion -- References.
    Abstract: In the writing of prefaces for works of this sort, most editors report being faced with similar challenges and have much in common in relating how these challenges are met. They acknowledge that their paramount ob­ jective is to provide more than an overview of topics but rather to offer selective critical reviews that will serve to advance theory and research in the particular area reviewed. The question of the appropriate audience to be addressed is usually answered by directing material to a potential audience of social scientists, graduate students, and, occasionally, ad­ vanced undergraduate students. Editors who are confronted with the problem of structuring their material often explore various means by which their social science discipline might be subdivided, then generally conclude that no particular classification strategy is superior. In elabo­ rating on the process by which the enterprise was initiated, editors typ­ ically resort to a panel of luminaries, who provide independent support for the idea and then offer both suggestions for topics and the authors who will write them. Editors usually concede that chapter topics and content do not reflect their original conception but are a compromise between their wishes and the authors' expertise and capabilities. Editors report that inevitable delays occur, authors drop out of projects and are replaced, and new topics are introduced. Finally, editors frequently con­ fess that the final product is incomplete, with gaps occurring because of failed commitments by authors or because authors could not be secured to write certain chapters.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468410747
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1 Political Psychology: a Whig History -- The Dawn of Modern Psychology -- Political Psychology Emerges in the Twentieth Century -- The Lasswellian Era: 1930–1950 -- Authoritarianism and Alienation: The 1950s -- The New Frontier in Political Psychology: Personal Efficacy and Involvement in the 1960s -- The Escalation of Psychological Approaches in the 1970s -- “Psychological” Variables: A Theoretical Note -- Summary and Concluding Statement -- References -- 2 Perception and Cognition: an Information-Processing Framework for Politics -- Some Problems in Behavioral Research on Politics -- Perception and Cognition: Clarifying the Concepts -- Perception and Politics -- Cognition and Politics -- Conclusion: The Relations between Political Thought and Political Behavior -- References -- 3 Psychobiography and Psychohistory -- Psychobiography: Causal Explanations of Individuals -- Psychobiography: Coherent Whole Explanations of Individuals -- Social Psychohistory: Causal Explanations of Group Behavior -- Social Psychohistory: Coherent Whole Explanations of Group Behavior -- References -- 4 Political Learning -- A Behaviorist Stimulus-Response Model of Political Learning -- Nonexperiential Learning -- Related Cognitive Processes -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 5 Community Psychology -- Historical Events in the Formation of Community Psychology -- Issues in the Definition of Community Psychology -- Models of Community Psychology -- Persistent Common Concerns -- References.
    Abstract: On Revolutions That Never Were "If you want to understand what a science is," the anthropologist Clifford Geertz (1973, p. 5) has written, "you should look in the first instance not at its theories or its findings, and certainly not at what its apologists say about it; you should look at what the practitioners of it do. " If it is not always possible to follow this instruction, it is because the rate of change in scientific work is rapid and the growth of publications reporting on this work is great. It is therefore the task of a handbook, like this Hand­ book of Political Behavior, to summarize and evaluate what the practi­ tioners report. But it is always prudent to keep in mind that a handbook is only a shortcut and that there is no substitute for looking directly at what the practitioners of a science do. For when scientists are "at work" (Walter, 1971), the image of what they are doing is often quite different from that conveyed in the "briefs" that, in their own way, make a hand­ book so valuable that we cannot do without it. These reflections set the stage.
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