ISBN:
9789048126170
,
9789048126163
Language:
English
Pages:
Online-Ressource (digital)
Series Statement:
Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 87
Series Statement:
SpringerLink
Series Statement:
Bücher
Parallel Title:
Buchausg. u.d.T. Smith, Carlota S., 1934 - 2007 Text, time, and context
Keywords:
Semantics
;
Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax
;
Linguistics
;
Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax
;
Linguistics
;
Semantics
;
Grammar, Comparative and general
;
Temporal constructions
;
Aufsatzsammlung
;
Generative Grammatik
;
Tempus
;
Aspekt
;
Geschichte 1980-1993
Abstract:
Carlota S. Smith was a key figure in linguistic research and a pioneering woman in generative linguistics. This selection of papers focuses on the research into tense, aspect, and discourse that Smith completed while Professor of Linguistics at the University of Texas at Austin. Smith's early work in English syntax is still cited today, and her early career also yielded key research on language acquisition by young children. Starting in the mid-1970s, after her move to UT, she embarked on her most important line of research. In numerous papers - the first of which was published in 1975 - and in a very important 1991 book (The Parameter of Aspect), Smith analyzed how languages encode time and how they encode the ways events and situations occur over time. Smith's work on the expression of time in language is notable because of its careful analyses of a number of quite different languages, including not only English and French, but also Russian, Mandarin, and Navajo. Inspired by a year in France in the early 1970s, Smith began to analyze the differing ways in which languages encode time and how they encode the ways events and situations occur over time. In doing so, she developed her signature 'two-component' theory of aspect. This model of temporal aspect provided an excellent framework for graduate students seeking to analyze the temporal systems of an array of languages, including under-described languages that are so much the focus of research in UT's Linguistics Department. Selected by Carlota Smith herself and by her longtime friends and colleagues, this book contains her 1980 piece on temporal structures in discourse, her 1986 comparison of the English and French aspectual systems, a 1996 paper on the aspect system in Navajo (an increasingly-endangered language which Smith worked to preserve), and her 1980 and 1993 papers on the child's acquisition of tense and aspect. Smith, who died in 2007, was a trailblazer in her field whose broad interests fed into her scholarly research. She was an avid reader who sought to bring the analytic tools of linguistics to the humanistic study of literature, by examining the syntactic and pragmatic principles which underlie literary effects. Her research on rhetorical and temporal effects in context was integrated into her last book, Modes of Discourse (2003). The current volume of articles covers much of her most fruitful work on the way in which language is used to express time, and will be essential reading for many working and studying in linguistics generally and in semantics particularly.
Description / Table of Contents:
Preface; References; Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; Interview with Professor Carlota S. Smith; A Year in France; Chinese, Navajo and Russian; Getting into Linguistics; Going to MIT; Returning to Penn; Going to Texas; University of Texas at Austin; Womens Studies at UT; Carlota S. Smith: Publications; Part I Aspect; Introduction; References; A Speaker-Based Approach to Aspect; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Situation Type and Viewpoint Aspect; 1.2 Simple Aspect in English; 1.3 Summary of Part 1; 2 Extending the Analysis; 2.1 Imparfait; 2.2 Passé Composé; 3 Comparisons of Aspectual Systems
Description / Table of Contents:
ReferencesAspectual Categories in Navajo; 1 Introduction; 2 Background; 2.1 Situation Types; 2.1.1 Temporal Classification of Situations; 2.1.2 The Range of Situation Types and Some Lexical Distinctions; 2.2 Navajo Preliminaries; 2.2.1 The Navajo Verb; 2.3 Verb Lexeme Categories; 3 Grammatical Correlates of Temporal Features in Navajo; 3.1 Temporal Features; 3.2 The Grammatical Realization of Temporal Features in Navajo; 3.2.1 The Feature Dynamic/Static; 3.2.2 The Feature Durative/Instantaneous; 3.2.3 The Feature Telic; 4 The Situation Types of Navajo; 4.1 The Stative Situation Type
Description / Table of Contents:
4.2 The Instantaneous Event Situation Type4.3 The Durative Event Situation Type; 4.3.1 Pragmatic Conventions of Use; 5 The Function of VLCs in Navajo; 5.1 Lexical VLCs; 5.2 Superlexical VLCs; 5.3 Formal VLCs; 6 Conclusion; Appendix: Discussion of Durative, Telic Grammatical Correlates; References; Activities: States or Events?; 1 Introduction; 2 Situation Types; 2.1 Classes of Situation Types; 2.1.1 Discrete and Non-Discrete Situations: The Strong Mereological View; 2.1.2 Energeia: Dynamic vs Static Situations; 2.2 Aspectual Viewpoints; 3 Situations in Narrative; 3.1 Discourse Dynamics
Description / Table of Contents:
3.2 Activity Sentences in Narrative3.3 Another Interpretation: Activity Sentences as Inchoatives; 3.4 The Contribution of Activities; 4 The Semantic Analysis of Activities; 4.1 The Activity Concept; 4.2 Dynamism, Conventional Time, and Narrative Time; 5 Conclusion; References; Example Sources:; Part II Tense; Introduction; References; The Syntax and Interpretation of Temporal Expressions in English; Part I The Temporal System of English; 1 Temporal Interpretation of Simple Sentences; 1.1 Relational Values; 1.2 Past, Present, Future Reference Time; 1.3 Event Time
Description / Table of Contents:
1.4 Event Time and Auxiliary have1.5 Summary; 2 The Temporal Interpretation of Complement Sentences; 2.1 Same Tense in Matrix and Complement; 2.1.1 Matrix Event Time as Complement Reference Time; 2.1.2 Embedded Anchored Adverbials; 2.2 Different Tenses in Matrix and Complement; 2.2.1 Sentences to Which Sharing and Orientation Principles Both Apply; 2.2.2 Present-Tense Matrix and Past-Tense Complement; 2.2.3 Past-Tense Matrix and Present-Tense Complement; 2.3 Summary; 3 Habitual Sentences; 4 Conclusions Regarding Temporal Interpretation
Description / Table of Contents:
Part II The Treatment of Temporal Expressions in Generative Grammar
Note:
Includes bibliographical references and index
DOI:
10.1007/978-90-481-2617-0
URL:
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