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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Industrial robotics and product(ion) quality (2019)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2019, 07
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The following report examines the importance of industrial robotics as a driver of production and trade quality. In an attempt to peer below the aggregate surface of traditional industrial GVC indicators, the paper relies on 6 digit product level trade data to assess the extent to which industrial robotics influence the quality of exported and imported goods for developed and emerging economies over the last two decades. The results demonstrate that robotics contribute to increasing quality of exports however the effect is somewhat nuanced between high income and emerging economies. For high-income countries the diffusion of robots is linked with an increase in within product quality, however for emerging economies quality gains appear to be somewhat more pronounced between products. At the same time, robotics appear to have little or no effect on import quality or on the concentration of exports and products for either type of economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/0176c74c-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Industrial robotics and the global organisation of production (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2018, 03
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Schlagwort(e): Roboter ; Automatisierte Produktion ; Produktionsorganisation ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Increased robot use, fuelled by price declines and the increased dexterity of these machines, is expected to affect existing/future production technologies and the organisation of production within GVCs. In order to safeguard their competitiveness in an increasingly digitalised global economy, governments across OECD and emerging economies are implementing a range of policy measures/programmes to support the investment in and use of robotics. This paper assesses the extent to which robotics impact the organisation of production through offshoring and backshoring. The results indicate that the use of industrial robots in developed economies appears to be slowing the offshoring rates, although it is not yet prompting firms to bring jobs back home. However, the effect is very recent, especially in labour-intensive sectors, and not yet apparent in developing countries. The findings suggest the rate of global value chain expansion may be slower than in the past.
    DOI: 10.1787/dd98ff58-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Multinational enterprises and global value chains : new insights on the trade-investment nexus (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2018, 05
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Schlagwort(e): Multinationales Unternehmen ; Betriebliche Wertschöpfung ; Auslandsinvestition ; Außenhandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Because of their numerous and large activities across different countries, Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) are believed to be central and dominant actors in the global economy. In addition, it has been argued that the growing fragmentation of production within global value chains (GVCs) in the past decades is largely driven by MNEs. It is remarkable then that despite their acclaimed importance, empirical evidence on MNEs is not widely available and largely incomplete, with data only available for a subset of OECD economies. Based on the new OECD analytical AMNE database including information on MNEs across 43 industries and countries on a bilateral basis, this paper derives new insights on the importance of MNEs today. As the new database also allows the linking with the OECD TiVA database, the new evidence additionally discusses in detail the trade and investment nexus within GVCs and suggests that MNEs’ role in GVCs goes beyond trade and investment policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/194ddb63-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Determinants of digital technology use by companies (2017)
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 40 (June 2017)
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Advances in digital technologies are transforming the way firms function, how they are structured and the manner in which they compete. This paper contributes to our understanding of digital technology usage by assessing changing patterns in the use of hardware and software and identifying the extent to which various plant characteristics and policy environments correlate with ICT investment. The results suggest notable changes in the use of a number of digital technologies across countries between 2000 and 2012. A range of establishment-level determinants appear to be important for hardware and software investment including size, being in a knowledge intensive sector and if the establishment is the headquarters. The effects of policy measures however are markedly different across various ICTs. Heterogeneity in the effects of policy indicators on a number of ICTs suggest a reconsideration is needed regarding the relevance of traditional aggregate policy measures for digital technology use.
    DOI: 10.1787/a9b53784-en
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The future of global value chains : business as usual or "a new normal"? (2017)
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 41 (July 2017)
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The rapid growth of global value chains (GVCs) has been an important driver of globalisation during the past decades. But the international fragmentation of production appears to have lost momentum and GVCs seem to have stalled in recent years. The world economy is facing a number of structural shifts that may dramatically change the outlook of GVCs in the coming years. The empirical evidence evaluating the potential impact of these shifts however largely lags behind, which makes these discussions somewhat speculative. By describing how these shifts will likely evolve over the next 10 to 15 years and calculating their effects on global production and trade, the scenarios in this paper offers new - empirically funded - insights on the future of GVCs.
    DOI: 10.1787/d8da8760-en
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The links between global value chains and global innovation networks : an exploration (2017)
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 37 (April 2017)
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Economic globalisation has given rise to two types of networks that stretch out across OECD and emerging economies. At the one side, global value chains (GVCs) can be thought of as the “material” transfers of goods and services (final as well as intermediate) across borders. At the other side, Global Innovation Networks (GINs) refer to the transfers of intangibles and immaterial assets between countries. Concerns are increasingly raised in policy discussions that countries are not able to capture the value of their innovative activities, hence the clear need to better understand the interdependencies between these two types of networks.
    DOI: 10.1787/76d78fbb-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Reshoring : myth or reality? (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 27
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The news that companies in OECD economies are increasingly bringing manufacturing activities back home has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Headline cases of a number of large multinational companies have given increased visibility to the phenomenon of reshoring in the economic press, academic research and policy discussions.. The debate on re-shoring (often also called “backshoring”, “nearshoring”, “onshoring”) is very lively with some even arguing that the time of offshoring has come to an end. But considerable disagreement exists about how important this trend actually is for economies in particular the number of jobs that reshoring is supposed to bring back. While policy makers in OECD economies hope that reshoring might help to revitalise their slumping manufacturing industries, the rationale for policy measures around reshoring is not clear-cut.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm56frbm38s-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Where to locate innovative activities in global value chains : does co-location matter? (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 30
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: With the emergence of global value chains (GVCs), production processes are increasingly fragmented and dispersed across different countries. Although many MNEs still exhibit an important ‘home bias’ in their global innovation activities, a growing number of firms have offshored R&D and innovative activities to foreign locations. Is the more recent offshoring of R&D and innovation linked to the prior waves of manufacturing offshoring? The fear in OECD economies is that because of co-location effects between production and innovative activities, the loss of certain manufacturing/assembly activities may result in a loss of innovative capabilities (R&D, design, etc.) in the longer-term. The offshoring of R&D and innovation within GVCs poses new challenges to economic policy in OECD and emerging economies. For example, how can countries attract inward R&D investments by foreign MNEs? Should outward R&D investments by MNEs be a concern for the countries in which the MNEs are headquartered?
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlv8zmp86jg-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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