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  • English  (1,251)
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  • 2015-2019  (1,251)
  • [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (1,251)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wine Fermentation (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038976745
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Abstract: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Wine Fermentation that was published in Fermentation
    Note: English
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Women in Business (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039216390 , 9783039216383
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Abstract: [The role of women in entrepreneurship, management and corporate governance is regarded as central to the development and welfare of economies. Since the early 1980s, there has been increased interest in women managers and entrepreneurs, often from an interdisciplinary approach, combining, for example, sociology, psychology, management and organisational studies and economics. Nowadays, research on women in management and organisations is continuously and rapidly evolving (Paoloni and Demartini, 2016). Research on how women face new business challenges within organisations—as entrepreneurs, owners, managers, as well as workers—can contribute to understanding the new drivers affecting value creation dynamics in our knowledge-based society (Cesaroni, Demartini and Paoloni, 2017). Accordingly, this book tries to offer some insights on how women create, process and share knowledge in their business activity through the application and exploitation of novel creative ideas and solutions]
    Note: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Volcanic Plumes.Impacts on the Atmosphere and Insights into Volcanic Processes (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038976288
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Abstract: Volcanoes release plumes of gas and ash to the atmosphere during episodes of passive and explosive behavior. These ejecta have important implications for the chemistry and composition of the troposphere and stratosphere, with the capacity to alter Earth's radiation budget and climate system over a range of temporal and spatial scales. Volcanogenic sulphur dioxide reacts to form sulphate aerosols, which increase global albedo, e.g., by reducing surface temperatures, in addition to perturbing the formation processes and optical properties of clouds. Released halogen species can also deplete stratospheric and tropospheric ozone. Volcanic degassing, furthermore, played a key role in the formation of Earth’s atmosphere, and volcanic plumes can affect air quality, pose hazards to aviation and human health, as well as damage ecosystems. The chemical compositions and emission rates of volcanic plumes are also monitored via a range of direct-sampling and remote-sensing instrumentation, in order to gain insights into subterranean processes, in the respect of the magmatic bodies these volatiles exsolve from. Given the significant role these gases play in driving volcanic activity, e.g., via pressurisation, the study of volcanic plumes is proving to be an increasingly fruitful means of improving our understanding of volcanic systems, potentially in concert with observations from geophysics and contributions from fluid dynamical modelling of conduit dynamics
    Note: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Update in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038975397 , 9783038975403
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Abstract: This Special Issue of Bioengineering explores topics in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology ranging from preclinical modeling to translational research and neurocognitive outcomes. The topics are as below. 1. Radiotherapy advances in pediatric brain tumors; 2. Neurofibromatosis 1 and brain tumors in children; 3. Molecular biology of pediatric gliomas and therapeutic insights; 4. Embryonal tumors of the central nervous system in children-era of targeted therapeutics; 5. Preclinical models in pediatric brain tumors—clinical relevance; 6. Molecular neuroimaging of brain tumors; 7. Palliative care for children with central nervous system malignancies; 8. Neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes following pediatric brain tumors
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unconventional Anticancer Metallodrugs and Strategies to Improve their Pharmacological Profile (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039213160 , 9783039213153
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Abstract: For the past 40 years, metal-based drugs have been widely used for the treatment of cancer. Cisplatin and follow-up drugs carboplatin (ParaplatinTM) and oxaliplatin (EloxatinTM) have been the gold standard for metallodrugs in clinical settings as antineoplastic agents. While effective, these drugs (either alone or in combination therapy) have faced a number of clinical challenges resulting from their limited spectrum of activity, high toxicity leading to significant side effects, resistance, poor water solubility, low bioavailability and short circulating time. In the past 10 years, various unconventional non-platinum metal-based agents have emerged as a potential alternative for cancer treatment. These compounds are highly effective and selective in cancers resistant to cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic agents. Research in this area has recently exploded with a relevant number of patents and clinical trials, in addition to reports in scientific journals. Furthermore, in parallel to the synthesis of coordination and organometallic compounds comprising many different metals and unconventional platinum-based derivatives, researchers are focused on optimizing mechanistic and pharmacological features of promising drug candidates. This Special Issue aims to highlight the latest advances in anticancer metallodrugs with a focus on unconventional anticancer agents, as well as novel activation, targeting and delivery strategies aimed at improving their pharmacological profile
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Tumor Microenvironment of High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038975540 , 9783038975557
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (434 p.)
    Abstract: The Special Issue on high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and the contribution of the tumor microenviroment (TME) consists of reviews contributed by leaders in the OC field. As HGSOC metastases have a highly complex TME, there is an urgent need to better understand the TME in general, its distinct components in particular, and the role of the TME in the context of disease recurrence and development of chemoresistance. The Special Issue incorporates the current understanding of the different parts of thd TME components, including the cancer cells themselves, the cells surrounding the cancer cells or stromal cells, and the cells of the immune system, which are attracted to the site of metastases. In addition to these cells of the TME, the role of various cellular factors made by the cells of the TME are also the subject of the reviews. In addition, reviews in this Special Issue cover the complex relationships between the molecular mechanisms of HGSOC progression, including genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic changes and changes in the immune cell landscape, as these may provide attractive new molecular targets for HGSOC therapy
    Note: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Structural Lightweight Alloys (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039213887 , 9783039213870
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Abstract: The need to reduce the ecological footprint of water/land/air vehicles in this era of climate change requires pushing the limits regarding the development of lightweight structures and materials. This requires a thorough understanding of their thermomechanical behavior at several stages of the production chain. Moreover, during service, the response of lightweight alloys under the simultaneous influence of mechanical loads and temperature can determine the lifetime and performance of a multitude of structural components. The present Special Issue, comprising eight original research articles, is dedicated to disseminating current efforts around the globe aimed at advancing understanding of the thermomechanical behavior of structural lightweight alloys under processing or service conditions
    Note: English
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wine Traceability (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039217694 , 9783039217687
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Abstract: Wine traceability is a central theme in the current world market where consumers are increasingly demanding the quality and origin of food and drink. The wine production chain and wine composition are generally controlled by different laws (International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), European Union (EU), and national governments) and need specific documentation. Nevertheless, wine production is subject to fraud. Consequently, the improvement of the methods applied to verify the origin and quality of wines is very important to protect wine consumers and producers. In this book, eight different papers—six research papers and two reviews—address the topic from different points of view
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tea in Health and Disease (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038979876 , 9783038979869
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Abstract: Tea, made from the leaves of the Camellia senenisis plant, is the second most consumed beverage worldwide after water. Accumulating evidence from cellular, animal, epidemiological and clinical studies have linked tea consumption to various health benefits, such as chemoprevention of cancers, chronic inflammation, heart and liver diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. Although such health benefits have not been consistently observed in some intervention trials, positive results from clinical trials have provided direct evidence supporting the cancer-protective effect of green tea. In addition, numerous mechanisms of action have been suggested to contribute to tea’s disease-preventive effects. Furthermore, effects of the processing and storage of tea, as well as additives on tea’s properties have been investigated
    Note: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structure and Mechanical Properties of Transition Group Metals, Alloys, and Intermetallic Compounds (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039211463 , 9783039211470
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Abstract: The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest theoretical and experimental achievements concerning the mechanisms of microstructural change in metallic materials subject to different processing methods, and their effect on mechanical properties. It is my pleasure to present a series of compelling scientific papers written by scientists from the community of transition group metals, alloys, and intermetallic compounds
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stochastic Processes with Applications (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039217281 , 9783039217298
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Abstract: Stochastic processes have wide relevance in mathematics both for theoretical aspects and for their numerous real-world applications in various domains. They represent a very active research field which is attracting the growing interest of scientists from a range of disciplines.This Special Issue aims to present a collection of current contributions concerning various topics related to stochastic processes and their applications. In particular, the focus here is on applications of stochastic processes as models of dynamic phenomena in research areas certain to be of interest, such as economics, statistical physics, queuing theory, biology, theoretical neurobiology, and reliability theory. Various contributions dealing with theoretical issues on stochastic processes are also included
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sustainability of Young Companies–Contemporary Trends and Challenges (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039211869 , 9783039211852
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Abstract: Ensuring the sustainability of early stage companies and increasing awareness of the need for balancing targets against different stakeholder groups among young companies are not well developed. Young companies, in the first place, want to achieve financial success very often without regard for aspects such as the environment, positive relationships with employees, suppliers or other stakeholder groups, fulfilling requirements of labor law, etc. Another issue is that of companies whose business models are based on actuarially-preferred concepts, such as sharing economy, sustainable development, e-comers, e-commerce, renewable energy, social media, and others. A key issue is the resignation of companies from an approach to business, based on the foundations of classical economics to the sharing economy. Theory and practice seek new solutions in the sphere of value sharing in these new areas of sharing, and innovative forms of its implementation. Intriguing is the relationship of these business models with sustainability issues, as well as wondering how technology can influence sustainability. A contemporary approach to consumer value fits in with the assumption of a shared economy. It is interesting how it affects the assumptions of sustainability of business. The ongoing changes in the value system of potential consumers create new conditions for the design of sustainability business models and creation of innovation
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Surface Modification to Improve Properties of Materials (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038977971 , 9783038977964
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Abstract: This book contains selected contributions on surface modification to improve the properties of solid materials. The surface properties are tailored either by functionalization, etching, or deposition of a thin coating. Functionalization is achieved by a brief treatment with non-equilibrium gaseous plasma containing suitable radicals that interact chemically with the material surface and thus enable the formation of rather stable functional groups. Etching is performed in order to modify the surface morphology. The etching parameters are selected in such a way that a rich morphology of the surfaces is achieved spontaneously on the sub-micrometer scale, without using masks. The combination of adequate surface morphology and functionalization of materials leads to superior surface properties which are particularly beneficial for the desired response upon incubation with biological matter. Alternatively, the materials are coated with a suitable thin film that is useful in various applications from food to aerospace industries
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Electromagnetic Technologies for Medical Diagnostics. Fundamental Issues, Clinical Applications and Perspectives (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038976769
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Abstract: The content of this Special Issue will highlight papers exploring non-commutative Fourier harmonic analysis, spectral properties of aperiodic order, the hypoelliptic heat equation, and the relativistic heat equation in the context of Information Theory and Geometric Science of Information
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Symmetry with Operator Theory and Equations (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216673 , 9783039216666
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Abstract: A plethora of problems from diverse disciplines such as Mathematics, Mathematical: Biology, Chemistry, Economics, Physics, Scientific Computing and also Engineering can be formulated as an equation defined in abstract spaces using Mathematical Modelling. The solutions of these equations can be found in closed form only in special case. That is why researchers and practitioners utilize iterative procedures from which a sequence is being generated approximating the solution under some conditions on the initial data. This type of research is considered most interesting and challenging. This is our motivation for the introduction of this special issue on Iterative Procedures
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Urban Deformation Monitoring using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and SAR tomography (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039211265 , 9783039211272
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Abstract: This book focuses on remote sensing for urban deformation monitoring. In particular, it highlights how deformation monitoring in urban areas can be carried out using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Tomography (TomoSAR). Several contributions show the capabilities of Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and PSI techniques for urban deformation monitoring. Some of them show the advantages of TomoSAR in un-mixing multiple scatterers for urban mapping and monitoring. This book is dedicated to the technical and scientific community interested in urban applications. It is useful for choosing the appropriate technique and gaining an assessment of the expected performance. The book will also be useful to researchers, as it provides information on the state-of-the-art and new trends in this field
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Staphylococcus aureus Toxins (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039214266 , 9783039214259
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is a common inhabitant of the human body with which we co-exist. However, this species can also cause disease in humans when an appropriate opportunity arises, such as a cut or some other breakdown in our body’s defenses. S. aureus is able to initiate infections due, in part, to the diverse group of toxins that they secrete. The exotoxins produced by S. aureus can cause direct damage, thwart our own body’s defenses, or trigger massive amounts of cytokines that lead to indirect damage within the human body. In this book are 12 research articles that deal with different aspects of staphylococcal exotoxins. Some of the work gives an overview about how the toxins contribute to the disease process. Other articles discuss different aspects of several exotoxins, and two articles are centered on countermeasures against S. aureus infections. Overall, this book will give the reader a good overview of how staphylococcal exotoxins contribute to initiating and sustaining infections in humans
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  • 18
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    Online Resource
    Transport of Fluids in Nanoporous Materials (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038975298 , 9783038975304
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Abstract: Fluid transport in narrow pores is central to the design and optimization of nanoporous materials in industrial applications, such as catalysis, nanofluids, electrochemical batteries, and membrane separation. However, due to the strong potential field in nanopores, conventional models and methods have become inadequate for predicting the transport behavior of molecules confined in the pore space. In addition, the inherent complexity of the pore structure in nanomaterials requires consideration of local or nanoscale transport at the single pore level, and averaging over the macroscale, which further impedes the application and validation of the formulated mechanical models. To solve the problem of fluid transport in narrow nanopores beyond Knudsen limits, experimental characterizations should be combined to molecular simulations in order to probe the fluid movement under realistic conditions. This book provides comprehensive perspectives on the current research in the investigation of fluid transport processes in nanomaterials. The articles from leading scholars in this field are conveniently arranged according to three categories based on the approaches used in the papers: modeling and simulation, nanomaterial manipulation and characterization, and practical application. The 14 contributions not only demonstrate the importance of fluid behavior in different applications but also address the main theories and simulations to model the fluid transport behavior in nanoporous materials. This collection shows that “fluid transport in nanomaterials” remains a versatile and vibrant topic in terms of both theories and applications
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  • 19
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    Silver Nano/microparticles: Modification and Applications (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039211784 , 9783039211777
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Abstract: Nano/micro-size particles are widely applied in various fields. Among the various particles, silver particles are considered among the most prominent nanomaterials in the biomedical and industrial sectors because of their favorable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Thus, numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate their properties and utilize them in various applications, such as diagnostics, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer therapeutics, and optoelectronics. The properties of silver particles are strongly influenced by their size, morphological shape, and surface characteristics, which can be modified by diverse synthetic methods, reducing agents, and stabilizers. This Special Issue provides a range of original contributions detailing the synthesis, modification, properties, and applications of silver materials. Nine outstanding papers describing examples of the most recent advances in silver nano/microparticles are included. Silver nano/micro-size particles have many potential advantages as next-generation materials in various areas, including nanomedicine. This Special Issue might be helpful to understand the value of silver particles in the biomedical and industrial fields
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  • 20
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    Thermophiles and Thermozymes (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038978176 , 9783038978169
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Abstract: Interest in the study of life in hot environments, both with respect to the inhabiting microorganisms and the enzymes they produce, is currently very high. The biological mechanisms responsible for the resistance to high temperatures are not yet fully understood, whereas thermostability is a highly required feature for industrial applications. In this e-book, the invited authors provide diverse evidence contributing to the understanding of such mechanisms and the unlocking of the biotechnological potential of thermophiles and thermozymes
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  • 21
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    Sport, Spirituality, and Religion: New Intersections (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039218301 , 9783039218318
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Abstract: The research studies included in this Special Issue highlight the fundamental contribution of the knowledge of environmental history to conscious and efficient environment conservation and management. The long-term perspective of the dynamics that govern the human–climate ecosystem is becoming one of the main focuses of interest in biological and earth system sciences. Multidisciplinary bio-geo-archaeo investigations into the underlying processes of human impact on the landscape are crucial to envisage possible future scenarios of biosphere responses to global warming and biodiversity losses. This Special Issue seeks to engage an interdisciplinary dialog on the dynamic interactions between nature and society, focusing on long-term environmental data as an essential tool for better-informed landscape management decisions to achieve an equilibrium between conservation and sustainable resource exploitation
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  • 22
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    Superhydrophobic Coatings for Corrosion and Tribology (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039217847 , 9783039217854
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Abstract: Superhydrophobic surfaces, with a water contact angle 〉150°, have attracted both academic and industrial interest due to their wide range of applications, such as water proofing, anti-fogging, antifouling, anti-icing, fluidic drag reduction and anti-corrosion. Currently the majority of superhydrophobic coatings are created using organic chemicals with low surface energy. However, the lack of mechanical strength and heat resistance prevents the use of these coatings in harsh environments. Quality superhydrophobic coatings developed using inorganic materials are therefore highly sought after. Ceramics are of particular interest due to their high mechanical strength, heat and corrosion resistance. Such superhydrophobic coatings have recently been successfully fabricated using a variety of ceramics and different approaches, and have shown the improved wear and tribocorrosion resistance properties. This Special Issue focuses on the recent developments in the fabrication of superhydrophobic coatings and their robustness against corrosion and wear resistance, but the original work on other properties of superhydrophobic coatings are also welcome. In particular, the topics of interest include, but are not limited to: Robust superhydrophobic coatings; Coatings with super-wettability in multifunctional applications; Wetting effects on corrosion and tribology; Hierarchical Coating for wetting and modelling
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  • 23
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    Solid Catalysts for the Upgrading of Renewable Sources (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038975724
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Abstract: The use of solid catalysts for the upgrade of renewable sources gives the opportunity to combine the two main cores of green chemistry, that is, on the one hand, the set-up of sustainable processes and, on the other, the use of biomass-derived materials. Solid catalysts have taken on a leading role in traditional petrochemical processes and could represent a key tool in new biorefinery-driven technologies
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  • 24
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    Structural Control of Mineral Deposits. Theory and Reality (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038977841 , 9783038977858
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Abstract: ""Structural Control"" remains a crucial point that frequently lacks in any scientific and/or economic analysis of ore deposits, whatever their type and class. The case of lode deposits is exemplary, although also other deposits, like breccia pipe, stockwerk, massive sulphides, skarn, etc., can, surprisingly, be concerned. Several concepts like the gold-bearing shear zone have not proven valid during the last few decades in terms of our understanding of gold deposit and have been totally abandoned. Additionally, the relationships between magmatism, regional tectonic context, and mineralization remain uncertain and have been debated in several recent publications. This demonstrates that this issue is still relevant, and its solution may help in the distinction between intrusion-related and orogenic deposits. In this Special Issue, we particularly invite any case study of mineral deposits, in which it has been demonstrated that structural geology may have a significant role in the establishment of the deposit model of formation and/or on exploration and exploitation programs. Examples in which the structural model diverges from those described in the classical literature are particularly welcomed, including studies in which relationships with magmatism can be suspected and/or demonstrated. Indeed, all cases that illustrate concepts that differ from the classic ones and from theoretical models may represent significant contributions to this volume
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  • 25
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    Solution Models based on Symmetric and Asymmetric Information (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039210077 , 9783039210060
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Abstract: This Special Issue covers symmetry and asymmetry phenomena occurring in real-life problems. We invited authors to submit their theoretical or experimental research presenting engineering and economic problem solution models dealing with the symmetry or asymmetry of different types of information. The issue gained interest in the research community and received many submissions. After rigorous scientific evaluation by editors and reviewers, nine papers were accepted and published. The authors proposed different MADM and MODM solution models as integrated tools to find a balance between the components of sustainable global development, to find a symmetry axis concerning goals, risks, and constraints to cope with the complicated problems. Most approaches suggested decision models under uncertainty, combining the usual decision-making methods with interval-valued fuzzy or rough sets theory, also Z numbers. The application fields of the proposed models involved both problems of technological sciences and social sciences. The papers cover three essential areas: engineering, economy, and management. We hope that a summary of the Special Issue as provided here will encourage a detailed analysis of the papers included in the Printed Edition
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    Protective and Detrimental Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039218073 , 9783039218066
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Abstract: The book “Protective and Detrimental Role of Heme Oxygenase-1”, includes a selection of original research papers and reviews aimed at understanding the dual role (protective and detrimental) of HO-1 and the involved signaling pathways. Original research papers and reviews aimed at the identification of natural molecules or new synthetic compounds able to modulate HO-1 activity/expression help make HO-1 a potential therapeutic target for the amelioration of various diseases
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    Regulatory microRNA (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038977681 , 9783038977698
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Abstract: This book includes updated information about microRNA regulation, for example, in the fields of circular RNAs, multiomics analysis, biomarkers and oncogenes. The variety of topics included in this book reaffirms the extent to which microRNA regulation affects biological processes. Although microRNAs are not translated to proteins, their importance for biological processes is not less than proteins. An understanding of their roles in various biological processes is critical to understanding gene function in these biological processes. Although non-coding RNAs other than microRNAs have recently come under investigation, microRNA still remains the front runner as the subject of genetic and biological studies. In reading the collection of papers, readers can grasp the most updated information regarding microRNA regulation, which will continue to be an important topic in genetics and biology
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    Solar Radiation, Modelling and Remote Sensing (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039210046 , 9783039210053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Abstract: Accurate solar radiation knowledge and its characterization on the Earth’s surface are of high interest in many aspects of environmental and engineering sciences. Modeling of solar irradiance from satellite imagery has become the most widely used method for retrieving solar irradiance information under total sky conditions, particularly in the solar energy community. Solar radiation modeling, forecasting, and characterization continue to be broad areas of study, research, and development in the scientific community. This Special Issue contains a small sample of the current activities in this field. Both the environmental and climatology community, as the solar energy world, share a great interest in improving modeling tools and capabilities for obtaining more reliable and accurate knowledge of solar irradiance components worldwide. The work presented in this Special Issue also remarks on the significant role that remote sensing technologies play in retrieving and forecasting solar radiation information
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    Stem Cell and Biologic Scaffold Engineering (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039214976 , 9783039214983
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (110 p.)
    Abstract: Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is a rapidly evolving research field which effectively combines stem cells and biologic scaffolds in order to replace damaged tissues. Biologic scaffolds can be produced through the removal of resident cellular populations using several tissue engineering approaches, such as the decellularization method. Indeed, the decellularization method aims to develop a cell-free biologic scaffold while keeping the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact. Furthermore, biologic scaffolds have been investigated for their in vitro potential for whole organ development. Currently, clinical products composed of decellularized matrices, such as pericardium, urinary bladder, small intestine, heart valves, nerve conduits, trachea, and vessels, are being evaluated for use in human clinical trials. Tissue engineering strategies require the interaction of biologic scaffolds with cellular populations. Among them, stem cells are characterized by unlimited cell division, self-renewal, and differentiation potential, distinguishing themselves as a frontline source for the repopulation of decellularized matrices and scaffolds. Under this scheme, stem cells can be isolated from patients, expanded under good manufacturing practices (GMPs), used for the repopulation of biologic scaffolds and, finally, returned to the patient. The interaction between scaffolds and stem cells is thought to be crucial for their infiltration, adhesion, and differentiation into specific cell types. In addition, biomedical devices such as bioreactors contribute to the uniform repopulation of scaffolds. Until now, remarkable efforts have been made by the scientific society in order to establish the proper repopulation conditions of decellularized matrices and scaffolds. However, parameters such as stem cell number, in vitro cultivation conditions, and specific growth media composition need further evaluation. The ultimate goal is the development of “artificial” tissues similar to native ones, which is achieved by properly combining stem cells and biologic scaffolds and thus bringing them one step closer to personalized medicine. The original research articles and comprehensive reviews in this Special Issue deal with the use of stem cells and biologic scaffolds that utilize state-of-the-art tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches
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    Process Modelling and Simulation (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039214563 , 9783039214556
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Abstract: Since process models are nowadays ubiquitous in many applications, the challenges and alternatives related to their development, validation, and efficient use have become more apparent. In addition, the massive amounts of both offline and online data available today open the door for new applications and solutions. However, transforming data into useful models and information in the context of the process industry or of bio-systems requires specific approaches and considerations such as new modelling methodologies incorporating the complex, stochastic, hybrid and distributed nature of many processes in particular. The same can be said about the tools and software environments used to describe, code, and solve such models for their further exploitation. Going well beyond mere simulation tools, these advanced tools offer a software suite built around the models, facilitating tasks such as experiment design, parameter estimation, model initialization, validation, analysis, size reduction, discretization, optimization, distributed computation, co-simulation, etc. This Special Issue collects novel developments in these topics in order to address the challenges brought by the use of models in their different facets, and to reflect state of the art developments in methods, tools and industrial applications
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    Processing-Structure-Properties Relationships in Polymers (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039218806 , 9783039218813
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.)
    Abstract: This collection of research and review papers is aimed at depicting the state of the art on the possible correlations between processing variables, obtained structure and special properties which this structure induces on the plastic part. The extraordinary capacity of plastics to modify their properties according to a particular structure is evidenced for several transformation processes and for many applications. The final common goal is to take profit of this peculiar capacity of plastics by inducing, through a suitable processing, a specific spatial organization
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    Recent Advances in Scar Biology (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038973980 , 9783038973997
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Abstract: Scars develop in the final stage of wound healing. Wound healing and scarring involve complex biological pathways, and the exact mechanisms by which they are initiated, evolved, and regulated remain to be fully elucidated. Scarless wound healing is a major goal of medical science. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to elucidate the relevant clinical, histopathological, and molecular manifestations of scars, and to understand how these manifestations relate to each other. This Special Issue covers a selection of recent research topics and current review articles in the field of scar research for all kinds of tissues and organs
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    Turbulence in River and Maritime Hydraulics (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038975946
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Abstract: Understanding of the role of turbulence in controlling transport processes is of paramount importance for the preservation and protection of aquatic ecosystems, the minimization of the deleterious consequences of anthropogenic activity, and the successful sustainable development of river and maritime areas. In this context, the present Special Issue collects 15 papers which provide a representation of the present understanding of turbulent processes and their effects in river and maritime environments. The presented collection of papers is not exhaustive, but it highlights the key priority areas and knowledge gaps in this field of research. The published papers present the state-of-the-art knowledge of complex environmental flows which are useful for researchers and practitioners. The paper contents are an overview of some recent topics of research and an exposure of the current and future challenges associated with these topics
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    Eating Disorders and Obesity: The Challenge for Our Times (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038979982 , 9783038979999
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Abstract: Eating Disorders have traditionally been considered apart from public health concerns about increasing obesity. It is evident that these problems are, however, related in important ways. Comorbid obesity and eating disorder is increasing at a faster rate than either obesity or eating disorders alone and one in five people with obesity also presents with an Eating Disorder, commonly but not limited to Binge Eating Disorder. New disorders have emerged such as normal weight or Atypical Anorexia Nervosa. However research and practice too often occurs in parallel with a failure to understand the weight disorder spectrum and consequences of co-morbidity that then contributes to poorer outcomes for people living with a larger size and an Eating Disorder. Urgently needed are trials that will inform more effective assessment, treatment and care where body size and eating disorder symptoms are both key to the research question
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    Recent Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment with Emphasis in Membrane Treatment Operations (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038976240
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Abstract: The present Special Issue brings together recent research findings from renowned scientists in the field of water treatment and assembled contributions on advanced technologies applied to the treatment of wastewater and drinking water, with emphasis on novel membrane treatment technologies. 12 research contributions have highlighted various processes and technologies, which can achieve effective treatment and purification of wastewater and of drinking water, aiming (occasionally) for water reuse. The main topics which are analyzed are the use of novel type membranes in bioreactors, the use of modified membranes, for example using vacuum membrane distillation, the fouling of membranes, the problem of arsenic, antimony and chromium contamination in groundwaters and its removal and the use of novel technologies for more efficient ozonation
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    PV System Design and Performance (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216222 , 9783039216239
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (360 p.)
    Abstract: Photovoltaic solar energy technology (PV) has been developing rapidly in the past decades, leading to a multi-billion-dollar global market. It is of paramount importance that PV systems function properly, which requires the generation of expected energy both for small-scale systems that consist of a few solar modules and for very large-scale systems containing millions of modules. This book increases the understanding of the issues relevant to PV system design and correlated performance; moreover, it contains research from scholars across the globe in the fields of data analysis and data mapping for the optimal performance of PV systems, faults analysis, various causes for energy loss, and design and integration issues. The chapters in this book demonstrate the importance of designing and properly monitoring photovoltaic systems in the field in order to ensure continued good performance
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    Power Quality in Microgrids Based on Distributed Generators (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039280063 , 9783039280070
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Abstract: This book comprises ten articles covering different aspects of power quality issues in microgrids and distributed generation (DG) systems, including 1) Detection and estimation of power quality; 2) Modeling; 3) Harmonic control for DG systems and microgrids; 4) Stability improvements for microgrids. Different power quality phenomena and solution were studied in the included papers, such as harmonics, resonance, frequency deviation, voltage sag, and fluctuation. From a network point of view, some papers studied the harmonic and stability issues in standalone microgrids which are more likely to cause power quality problems. Other papers discussed the power quality problems in microgrids which are weakly interconnected with the main distribution grid. In view of the published papers, there is a trend that increasingly advanced modeling, analysis, and control schemes were applied in the studies. Moreover, the latest works focus not only on single-unit problems but also multiple units or network issues. Although some of the hot topics are not included, this book covers multiple aspects of the current power quality research frontier, and represents a particularly useful reference book for frontier researchers in this field
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    Religion, Welfare and Social Service Provision. Common Ground (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038977612 , 9783038977605
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Abstract: Religion, Welfare, and Social Service Provision: Common Ground delves deeply into the partnerships forged between religious communities, government agencies and nonprofits to deliver social services to the needy. These pages offer a considered examination of how local faith entities have served those in their midst, and how the provision of those services has been impacted by evolving social policies. This foundational volume brings together the work of more than two dozen leading researchers, each providing long overdue scholarly inquiry into religiously affiliated helping and the many possibilities that it holds for effective cooperation
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    Sacramental Theology: Theory and Practice from Multiple Perspectives: Theory and Practice from Multiple Perspectives (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039217182 , 9783039217199
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (154 p.)
    Abstract: Throughout the second half of the twentieth century, sacramental theology has evolved as a discipline advancing comprehensive theories of sacraments and sacramentality as integral to the Christian faith while also studying the history and theology of the particular rites. Now, in the twenty-first century, the need for attention to the actual performance and specific social settings of sacramental worship has become well established. This makes the work of sacramental theology necessarily engaged with multiple, cross-disciplinary theories attentive to particular contexts, whether local, national, or global. Still, the divine human encounter at the heart of Christian symbol and ritual likewise beckons to philosophical–theological reflection. The essays in this volume begin with profound philosophical perspectives on the personal and communal sacramental experience, expanding from traditional cosmology to evolutionary and chaos theories of our planetary existence, continuing with shifts, especially among youth, to interreligious and non-institutional perspectives, consideration of change in popular notions of guilt, and social–ethical issues in relation to liturgical theology and practice, so as finally to return to fundamental theological reflection on human sacramentality and divine revelation
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    Religion and Politics: New Developments Worldwide (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039214297 , 9783039214303
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Abstract: Religion and Politics: New Developments Worldwide features ten articles about recent developments in the interaction of Religion and Politics in various countries of Asia, Africa, Europe, and both North and South America. Most articles focus on one country, and including China, South Korea, India, Nigeria, Malaysia, France, and Cuba. Others address issues across regions such as Latin America, Southeast Asia, or the Middle East. The fifteen contributors are scholars from diverse disciplines as well as diverse regions of Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Subjects include the Indian government’s favoritism for Hinduism over rival religions; the way the Sikhs of India avoid the religion–politics divide; the way the Western media fails to fully understand the Chinese government’s policies on religious minorities; the aftermath of the Charlie Hebdo demonstrations in France; religious attitudes toward tax politics in South Korea as well as among Christians compared to Muslims; how to lessen the radicalization of Muslims in Southeast Asia; whether Nigeria should encourage its Muslims to be active in the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation; the spiritual role played by the permaculture movement in Cuba; and how the former tendency of scholars to polarize religion and politics is no longer viable, especially in Latin America
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    Studies in Historical Linguistics and Language Change. Grammaticalization, Refunctionalization and Beyond (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039215768 , 9783039215775
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Abstract: The present volume examines the usefulness of a particular set of concepts and processes of change studying their applicability to a range of linguistic changes in Spanish and Latin that cannot be easily or can only be partially accounted for within the framework of grammaticalization. Rather than challenging the insights of grammaticalization theory, the different contributions to this monograph demonstrate that exaptation, capitalization, refunctionalization and adfunctionalization, as well as changes motivated by rhetorical guidelines, constitute interesting and valuable notions that allow for a better understanding of specific language changes in Spanish and, by extension, of language change in general
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    Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Resources Threatened by Climate Change (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039211241 , 9783039211258
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Abstract: With its wide spectrum of data, case studies, monitoring, and experimental and numerical simulation techniques, the multidisciplinary approach of material, environmental, and computer science applied to the conservation of cultural heritage offers several opportunities for the heritage science and conservation community to map and monitor state-of-the-art knowledge on natural and human-induced climate change impacts on cultural heritage—mainly constituted by the built environment—in Europe and Latin America. Geosciences’ Special Issue titled “Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Resources Threatened by Climate Change” was launched to take stock of the existing but still fragmentary knowledge on this challenge, and to enable the community to respond to the implementation of the Paris agreement. These 10 papers exploit a broad range of data derived from preventive conservation monitoring conducted indoors in museums, churches, historical buildings, or outdoors in archeological sites and city centers. Case studies presented in the papers focus on a well-assorted sample of decay phenomena occurring on heritage materials (e.g., surface recession and biomass accumulation on limestone, depositions of pollutant on marble, salt weathering on inorganic building materials, and weathering processes on mortars in many local- to regional-scale study areas in the Scandinavian Peninsula, the United Kingdom, Belgium, France, Italy, Greece, and Panama). Besides monitoring, the methodological approaches showcased include, but are not limited to, original material characterization, decay product characterization, and climate and numerical modelling on material components for assessing environmental impact and climate change effects
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    PPARs in Cellular and Whole Body Energy Metabolism (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038974628 , 9783038974611
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (582 p.)
    Abstract: At no other time in its history has humankind been as concerned about good health. Lifestyle habits are promoted as indispensable allies for the daily prevention against so-called metabolic diseases. Paradoxically, the world has never been so obese, while the beauty canons have never been so skinny! However, there is more to energy balance than alterations in body weight. In the 1990s, it was found that fatty acids not only function as fuel molecules only, but also serve as signaling molecules. They bind nuclear hormone receptors, the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, commonly referred to by the acronym PPARs. PPARs are transcription factors that directly control the expression of genes of metabolism, thereby impacting a multitude of pathways crucial for whole body physiology. PPARs are also activated by synthetic agonists, which are drugs used for lowering triglycerides and blood sugar. This book features articles that address tools for the identification of novel PPAR ligands, as well as the roles of the receptors in several organs, such as the brain, heart, liver, adipose tissue, gut, and muscle. As such, this book documents the multifaceted roles of these nuclear receptors that continue to attract significant attention, not least because of their still not fully realized potential to treat several health conditions
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    Smart Sustainable Manufacturing Systems (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039212026 , 9783039212019
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Abstract: With the advent of disruptive digital technologies, companies are facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Advanced manufacturing systems are of paramount importance in making key enabling technologies and new products more competitive, affordable, and accessible, as well as for fostering their economic and social impact. The manufacturing industry also serves as an innovator for sustainability since automation coupled with advanced manufacturing technologies have helped manufacturing practices transition into the circular economy. To that end, this Special Issue of the journal Applied Sciences, devoted to the broad field of Smart Sustainable Manufacturing Systems, explores recent research into the concepts, methods, tools, and applications for smart sustainable manufacturing, in order to advance and promote the development of modern and intelligent manufacturing systems. In light of the above, this Special Issue is a collection of the latest research on relevant topics and addresses the current challenging issues associated with the introduction of smart sustainable manufacturing systems. Various topics have been addressed in this Special Issue, which focuses on the design of sustainable production systems and factories; industrial big data analytics and cyberphysical systems; intelligent maintenance approaches and technologies for increased operating life of production systems; zero-defect manufacturing strategies, tools and methods towards online production management; and connected smart factories
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    Silicon-Based Nanomaterials: Technology and Applications (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039210428 , 9783039210435
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Abstract: Silicon has been proven to be remarkably resilient as a commercial electronic material. The microelectronics industry has harnessed nanotechnology to continually push the performance limits of silicon devices and integrated circuits. Rather than shrinking its market share, silicon is displacing “competitor” semiconductors in domains such as high-frequency electronics and integrated photonics. There are strong business drivers underlying these trends; however, an important contribution is also being made by research groups worldwide, who are developing new configurations, designs, and applications of silicon-based nanoscale and nanostructured materials. This Special Issue features a selection of papers which illustrate recent advances in the preparation of chemically or physically engineered silicon-based nanostructures and their application in electronic, photonic, and mechanical systems
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    Selected Papers from SDEWES 2017: The 12th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038973966 , 9783038973973
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (346 p.)
    Abstract: EU energy policy is more and more promoting a resilient, efficient and sustainable energy system. Several agreements have been signed in the last few months that set ambitious goals in terms of energy efficiency and emission reductions and to reduce the energy consumption in buildings. These actions are expected to fulfill the goals negotiated at the Paris Agreement in 2015. The successful development of this ambitious energy policy needs to be supported by scientific knowledge: a huge effort must be made in order to develop more efficient energy conversion technologies based both on renewables and fossil fuels. Similarly, researchers are also expected to work on the integration of conventional and novel systems, also taking into account the needs for the management of the novel energy systems in terms of energy storage and devices management. Therefore, a multi-disciplinary approach is required in order to achieve these goals. To ensure that the scientists belonging to the different disciplines are aware of the scientific progress in the other research areas, specific Conferences are periodically organized. One of the most popular conferences in this area is the Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES) Series Conference. The 12th Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems Conference was recently held in Dubrovnik, Croatia. The present Special Issue of Energies, specifically dedicated to the 12th SDEWES Conference, is focused on five main fields: energy policy and energy efficiency in smart energy systems, polygeneration and district heating, advanced combustion techniques and fuels, biomass and building efficiency
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    Micro/Nano Materials for Clean Energy and Environment (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039211289 , 9783039211296
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (123 p.)
    Abstract: The Tsinghua University–University of Waterloo Joint Research Center for Micro/Nano Energy & Environment Technology (JCMEET) is a platform. It was established on Nov.11, 2017. The Chairperson of University Council of Tsinghua University, Dr. Xu Chen, and the President of the University of Waterloo, Dr. Feridun Hamdullahpur, attended the opening ceremony and unveiled the nameplate for the joint research center on 29th of March, 2018. The research center serves as a platform for researchers at both universities to conduct joint research in the targeted areas, and to meet regularly for information exchange, talent exchange, and knowledge mobilization, especially in the fields of micro/nano, energy, and environmental technologies. The center focuses on three main interests: micro/nano energy technology, micro/nano pollution control technology, and relevant fundamental research. In order to celebrate the first anniversary of the Joint Research Center, we were invited to serve as the Guest Editors of this Special Issue of Materials focusing on the topic of micro/nano-materials for clean energy and environment. It collects research papers from a broad range of topics related to micro/nanostructured materials aimed at future energy resources, low emission energy conversion, energy storage, energy efficiency improvement, air emission control, air monitoring, air cleaning, and many other related applications. This Special Issue provides an opportunity and example for the international community to discuss how to actively address the energy and environment issues that we are facing
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    MERS-CoV (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039218509 , 9783039218516
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Abstract: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic coronavirus. First identified in 2012, MERS-CoV has caused over 2460 infections and a fatality rate of about 35% in humans. Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), MERS-CoV likely originated from bats; however, different from SARS-CoV, which potentially utilized palm civets as its intermediate hosts, MERS-CoV likely transmits to humans through dromedary camels. Animal models, such as humanized mice and nonhuman primates, have been developed for studying MERS-CoV infection. Currently, there are no vaccines and therapeutics approved for the prevention and treatment of MERS-CoV infection, although a number of them have been developed preclinically or tested clinically. This book covers one editorial and 16 articles (including seven review articles and nine original research papers) written by researchers working in the field of MERS-CoV. It describes the following three main aspects: (1) MERS-CoV epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenesis; (2) current progress on MERS-CoV animal models, vaccines, and therapeutics; and (3) challenges and future prospects for MERS-CoV research. Overall, this book will help researchers in the MERS-CoV field to further advance their work on the virus. It also has important implications for other coronaviruses as well as viruses outside the coronavirus family with pandemic potentials
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    Public Choice (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039212729 , 9783039212712
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Abstract: Interest in politics and the political process—topics that economists consider to be the purview of the sub-field of study known as public choice—appears to be as high as ever. This Special Issue aims to provide a collection of high-quality studies covering many of the varied topics traditionally investigated in the growing field of public choice economics. These include expressive and instrumental voting, checks and balances in the enforcement of rules, electoral disproportionality, foreign aid and political freedom, voting cycles, (in)stability of political ideology, federal spending on environmental goods, pork-barrel and general appropriations spending, politics and taxpayer funding for professional sports arenas, and political scandal and “friends-and-neighbors” voting in general elections. In bringing these topics together in one place, this Special Issue offers a mix of conceptual/formal and empirical studies in public choice economics
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    MEMS Accelerometers (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038974154 , 9783038974147
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Abstract: Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) devices are widely used for inertia, pressure, and ultrasound sensing applications. Research on integrated MEMS technology has undergone extensive development driven by the requirements of a compact footprint, low cost, and increased functionality. Accelerometers are among the most widely used sensors implemented in MEMS technology. MEMS accelerometers are showing a growing presence in almost all industries ranging from automotive to medical. A traditional MEMS accelerometer employs a proof mass suspended to springs, which displaces in response to an external acceleration. A single proof mass can be used for one- or multi-axis sensing. A variety of transduction mechanisms have been used to detect the displacement. They include capacitive, piezoelectric, thermal, tunneling, and optical mechanisms. Capacitive accelerometers are widely used due to their DC measurement interface, thermal stability, reliability, and low cost. However, they are sensitive to electromagnetic field interferences and have poor performance for high-end applications (e.g., precise attitude control for the satellite). Over the past three decades, steady progress has been made in the area of optical accelerometers for high-performance and high-sensitivity applications but several challenges are still to be tackled by researchers and engineers to fully realize opto-mechanical accelerometers, such as chip-scale integration, scaling, low bandwidth, etc
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    Probiotics and Prebiotics in Pediatrics (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038979500 , 9783038979517
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Abstract: The goal of this Special Issue, “Probiotics and Prebiotics in Pediatrics”, is to focus on the importance of pediatric nutrition with probiotics and prebiotics to improve gastrointestinal health in newborn, infants, and children.Specifically, the aim is to clarify if probiotics and prebiotics can influence gut microbiota composition and host-interaction favoring human health and preventing diseases.This new information will provide health care professionals with a widespread, clear and update evidence on probiotics and prebiotics and intestinal gut microbiota in pediatric care
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    Refugee, Migrant and Ethnic Minority Health (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216451 , 9783039216444
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (526 p.)
    Abstract: International migration, particularly to Europe, has increased in the last few decades, making research on aspects of this phenomenon, including numbers, challenges, and successes, particularly vital. This Special Issue highlights this necessary and relevant area of research. It presents 37 articles including studies on diverse topics relating to the health of refugees and migrants. Most articles (28) present studies focusing on European host countries. The focus on Europe is justified if we take into consideration the increased number of refugees and migrants who have come to Europe in recent years. However, there are also articles which present studies from countries in other continents. The topics discussed in the Issue include healthcare utilization, infectious diseases, mother and child health, mental health, and chronic diseases. Finding from the included articles indicate that further development of guidelines and policies at both local and international levels is needed. Priorities must be set by encouraging and funding in-depth research that aims to evaluate the impact of existing policies and interventions. Such research will help us formulate recommendations for the development of strategies and approaches that improve and strengthen the integration of migrants and refugees into the host countries
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    Effects of Mycotoxins on the Intestine (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038977827 , 9783038977834
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Abstract: Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungal species. They can contaminate human food and animal feed, and have been a threat for thousands of years. The gastrointestinal tract is the first target when ingesting mycotoxin-contaminated food or feed. As unlikely as it sounds, the investigations concerning the effects of mycotoxins on the intestine are still in their early stages. This book gathers the most recent advances related to the characterization of the intestinal toxicity of mycotoxins. Substantial data assembled on the damage caused to a number of histological structures and functions of the intestine remove any remaining doubt about this organ being a primary target for the toxicity of mycotoxins. An interesting overview of the detrimental effects of mycotoxins on the gut-hosted microbiota—now regarded as a fully-fledged organ associated with the gut—is also given. Finally, outstanding contributions in this book address questions relating to the suitability of current regulations to protect against alterations of the intestine, and to the efficacy assessment of new detoxification strategies using the intestinal toxicity of mycotoxins as a relevant endpoint
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    POSS-Based Polymers (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039219940 , 9783039219957
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (310 p.)
    Abstract: The combination of functional polymers with inorganic nanostructured compounds has become a major area of research and technological development owing to the remarkable properties and multifunctionalities deriving from their nano and hybrid structures. In this context, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) have increasing importance and a dominant position with respect to the reinforcement of polymeric materials. Although POSSs were first described in 1946 by Scott, these materials, however, have not immediately been successful if we consider that, starting from 1946 and up to 1995, we find in the literature 85 manuscripts regarding POSSs; which means that less than two papers per year were published over 50 years. Since 1995, we observe an exponential growth of scientific manuscripts concerning POSSs. It is changing from an annual average of 20 manuscripts for the period 1995–2000 to an annual average of about 400 manuscripts, with an increase of 2800%. The introduction of POSSs inorganic nanostructures into polymers gives rise to polymer nanostructured materials (PNMs) with interesting mechanical and physical properties, thus representing a radical alternative to the traditional filled polymers or polymer compositions
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    Mesothelioma Heterogeneity: Potential Mechanisms (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038974741 , 9783038974734
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Abstract: Mesothelioma is a rare aggressive cancer that develops from the mesothelium. Recent molecular analyses have defined four different types of mesothelioma based on gene expression and two major molecularly-defined groups based on prognosis. In this volume, potential mechanisms causing this heterogeneity are explored. The different chapters include heterogeneity learned from experimental animal models in NF2/Hippo pathway signaling, stem cell signaling pathways, the tumor microenvironment, and micro RNA secretome. Novel aspects deserving attention such as the implication of long, non-coding RNA in disease heterogeneity are described. The volume also includes the description of tools useful to address some specific questions such as an assessment of the copy number variations of two tumor suppressors frequently mutated in mesothelioma or an investigation of Macrophage Inhibition Factor signaling in mesothelioma
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    Modern Grinding Technology and Systems (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038429388 , 9783038429371
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Abstract: This specialist edition features key innovations in the science and engineering of new grinding processes, abrasives, tools, machines, and systems for a range of important industrial applications. Topics written by invited, internationally recognized authors review the advances and present results of research over a range of well-known grinding processes. A significant introductory review chapter explores innovations to achieve high productivity and very high precision in grinding. The reviewed applications range from grinding systems for very large lenses and reflectors, through to medium size grinding machine processes, and down to grinding very small components used in MEMS . Early research chapters explore the influence of grinding wheel topography on surface integrity and wheel wear. A novel chapter on abrasive processes also addresses the finishing of parts produced by additive manufacturing through mass finishing. Materials to be ground range from conventional engineering steels to aerospace materials, ceramics, and composites. The research findings highlight important new results for avoiding material sub-surface damage. The papers compiled in this book include references to many source publications which will be found invaluable for further research, such as new features introduced into control systems to improve process efficiency. The papers also reflect significant improvements and research findings relating to many aspects of grinding processes, including machines, materials, abrasives, wheel preparation, coolants, lubricants, and fluid delivery. Finally, a definitive chapter summarizes the optimal settings for high precision and the achievement of centerless grinding stability
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    The Psychosocial Implications of Disney Movies (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038978497 , 9783038978480
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Abstract: In this volume of 15 articles, contributors from a wide range of disciplines present their analyses of Disney movies and Disney music, which are mainstays of popular culture. The power of the Disney brand has heightened the need for academics to question whether Disney’s films and music function as a tool of the Western elite that shapes the views of those less empowered. Given its global reach, how the Walt Disney Company handles the role of race, gender, and sexuality in social structural inequality merits serious reflection according to a number of the articles in the volume. On the other hand, other authors argue that Disney productions can help individuals cope with difficult situations or embrace progressive thinking. The different approaches to the assessment of Disney films as cultural artifacts also vary according to the theoretical perspectives guiding the interpretation of both overt and latent symbolic meaning in the movies. The authors of the 15 articles encourage readers to engage with the material, showcasing a variety of views about the good, the bad, and the best way forward
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    Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039210442 , 9783039210459
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (604 p.)
    Abstract: This book offers a collection of 30 scientific papers which address the problems associated with the use of power electronic converters in renewable energy source-based systems. Relevant problems associated with the use of power electronic converters to integrate renewable energy systems to the power grid are presented. Some of the covered topics relate to the integration of photovoltaic and wind energy generators into the rest of the system, and to the use of energy storage to mitigate power fluctuations, which are a characteristic of renewable energy systems. The book provides a good overview of the abovementioned topics
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    Research of Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics in Arthritis (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038970651 , 9783038970668
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (366 p.)
    Abstract: Arthritis has a high prevalence globally and includes over 100 different types, the most common of which are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory arthritis. The exact etiology of arthritis remains unclear and no cure exists. Anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used in the treatment of arthritis but are associated with significant side effects. Novel modes of therapy and additional prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed for arthritis patients. This book summarizes and discusses the global picture of the current understanding of arthritis
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    Salinity Tolerance in Plants (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039210275 , 9783039210268
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (422 p.)
    Abstract: Salt stress is one of the most damaging abiotic stresses because most crop plants are susceptible to salinity to different degrees. According to the FAO, about 800 million Has of land are affected by salinity worldwide. Unfortunately, this situation will worsen in the context of climate change, where there will be an overall increase in temperature and a decrease in average annual rainfall worldwide. This Special Issue presents different research works and reviews on the response of plants to salinity, focused from different points of view: physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Although an important part of the studies on the response to salinity have been carried out with Arabidopsis plants, the use of other species with agronomic interest is also notable, including woody plants. Most of the conducted studies in this Special Issue were focused on the identification and characterization of candidate genes for salt tolerance in higher plants. This identification would provide valuable information about the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in the salt tolerance response, and it also supplies important resources to breeding programs for salt tolerance in plants
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    Selected Papers from IEEE ICKII 2018 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039212736 , 9783039212743
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (82 p.)
    Abstract: Electronic engineering and design innovation are both academic and practical engineering fields that involve systematic technological materialization through scientific principles and engineering designs. Technological innovation via electronic engineering includes electrical circuits and devices, computer science and engineering, communications and information processing, and electrical engineering communications. The Special Issue selected excellent papers presented at the International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention 2018 (IEEE ICKII 2018) on the topic of electronics and their applications. This conference was held on Jeju Island, South Korea, 23–27 July 2018, and it provided a unified communication platform for researchers from all over the world. The main goal of this Special Issue titled “Selected papers from IEEE ICKII 2018” is to discover new scientific knowledge relevant to the topic of electronics and their applications
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    Sea Surface Roughness Observed by High Resolution Radar (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039217472 , 9783039217465
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Abstract: Changes in sea surface roughness are usually associated with a change in the sea surface wind field. This interaction has been exploited to measure sea surface wind speed by scatterometry. A number of features on the sea surface associated with changes in roughness can be observed by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) because of the change in Bragg backscatter of the radar signal by damping of the resonant ocean capillary waves. With various radar frequencies, resolutions, and modes of polarization, sea surface features have been analyzed in numerous campaigns, bringing various datasets together, thus allowing for new insights into small-scale processes at a larger areal coverage. This Special Issue aims at investigating sea surface features detected by high spatial resolution radar systems, such as SAR
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    Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038979661 , 9783038979678
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Abstract: Small scale mechanical deformations have gained a significant interest over the past few decades, driven by the advances in integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems. One of the most powerful and versatile characterization methods is the nanoindentation technique. The capabilities of these depth-sensing instruments have been improved considerably. They can perform experiments in vacuum and at high temperatures, such as in-situ SEM and TEM nanoindenters. This allows researchers to visualize mechanical deformations and dislocations motion in real time. Time-dependent behavior of soft materials has also been studied in recent research works. This Special Issue on ""Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques""; will provide a forum for researchers from the academic and industrial communities to present advances in the field of small scale contact mechanics. Materials of interest include metals, glass, and ceramics. Manuscripts related to deformations of biomaterials and biological related specimens are also welcome. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to
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    Siloxane-Based Polymers (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038971269 , 9783038971252
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Abstract: This book, a collection of 12 original contributions and 4 reviews, provides a selection of the most recent advances in the preparation, characterization, and applications of polymeric nanocomposites comprising nanoparticles. The concept of nanoparticle-reinforced polymers came about three decades ago, following the outstanding discovery of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. One of the main ideas behind this approach is to improve the matrix mechanical performance. The nanoparticles exhibit higher specific surface area, surface energy, and density compared to microparticles and, hence, lower nanofiller concentrations are needed to attain properties comparable to, or even better than, those obtained by conventional microfiller loadings, which facilitates processing and minimizes the increase in composite weight. The addition of nanoparticles into different polymer matrices opens up an important research area in the field of composite materials. Moreover, many different types of inorganic nanoparticles, such as quantum dots, metal oxides, and ceramic and metallic nanoparticles, have been incorporated into polymers for their application in a wide range of fields, ranging from medicine to photovoltaics, packaging, and structural applications
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    Short Rotation Woody Crop Production Systems for Ecosystem Services and Phytotechnologies (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039215096 , 9783039215102
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Abstract: While international efforts in the development of short rotation woody crops (SRWCs) have historically focused on the production of biomass for bioenergy, biofuels, and bioproducts, research and deployment over the past decade has expanded to include broader objectives of achieving multiple ecosystem services. In particular, silvicultural prescriptions developed for SRWCs have been refined to include woody crop production systems for environmental benefits such as carbon sequestration, water quality and quantity, and soil health. In addition, current systems have been expanded beyond traditional fiber production to other environmental technologies that incorporate SRWCs as vital components for phytotechnologies, urban afforestation, ecological restoration, and mine reclamation. In this Special Issue of the journal Forests, we explore the broad range of current research dedicated to our topic: International Short Rotation Woody Crop Production Systems for Ecosystem Services and Phytotechnologies
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    Selected Papers from the 9th Symposium on Micro-Nano Science and Technology on Micromachines (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216970 , 9783039216963
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Abstract: This Special Issue presents selected papers from the 8th
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    Smart Nanovesicles for Drug Targeting and Delivery (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038978954 , 9783038978947
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Abstract: Nanovesicles are highly-promising systems for the delivery and/or targeting of drugs, biomolecules and contrast agents. Despite the fact that initial studies in this area were performed on phospholipid vesicles, there is an ever-increasing interest in the use of other molecules to obtain smart vesicular carriers focusing on strategies for targeted delivery. These systems can be obtained using newly synthesized smart molecules, or by intelligent design of opportune carriers to achieve specific delivery to the site of action
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    Product/Process Fingerprint in Micro Manufacturing (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039210343 , 9783039210350
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Abstract: The continuous miniaturization of products and the growing complexity of their embedded multifunctionalities necessitates continuous research and development efforts regarding micro components and related micro manufacturing technologies. Highly miniaturized systems, manufactured using a wide variety of materials, have found application in key technological fields, such as healthcare devices, micro implants, mobility, communications, optics, and micro electromechanical systems. Innovations required for the high-precision manufacturing of micro components can specifically be achieved through optimizations using post-process (i.e., offline) and in-process (i.e., online) metrology of both process input and output parameters, as well as geometrical features of the produced micro parts. However, it is of critical importance to reduce the metrology and optimization efforts, since process and product quality control can represent a significant portion of the total production time in micro manufacturing. To solve this fundamental challenge, research efforts have been undertaken in order to define, investigate, implement, and validate the so-called “product/process manufacturing fingerprint” concept. The “product manufacturing fingerprint” concept refers to those unique dimensional outcomes (e.g., surface topography, form error, critical dimensions, etc.) on the produced component that, if kept under control and within specifications, ensure that the entire micro component complies to its specifications. The “process manufacturing fingerprint” is a specific process parameter or feature to be monitored and controlled, in order to maintain the manufacture of products within the specified tolerances. By integrating both product and process manufacturing fingerprint concepts, the metrology and optimization efforts are highly reduced. Therefore, the quality of the micro products increases, with an obvious improvement in production yield. Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on novel methodological developments and applications in micro- and sub-micro-scale manufacturing, process monitoring and control, as well as micro and sub-micro product quality assurance. Focus will be on micro manufacturing process chains and their micro product/process fingerprint, towards full process optimization and zero-defect micro manufacturing
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    Recent Advances in GPR Imaging (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039218110 , 9783039218103
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Abstract: The Special Issue (SI) “Recent Advances in GPR Imaging” offers an up-to-date overview of state-of-the-art research activities dealing with the development of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technology and its recent advances in imaging in the different fields of application. In fact, the advances experimented with over the last few decades with regard to the appearance of new GPR systems and the need to manage large amounts of data suggest an increasing interest in the development of new signal processing algorithms and modeling, as well as in the use of three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques
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    Quality and Production of Forage (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216758 , 9783039216741
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Abstract: The book ""Quality and Production of Forage"" is intended to keep readers updatedon the developments occurring in this field. As it is apparent that livestockanimals are important throughout the world because of the meat, milk and eggthey produce, knowledge about the forages available to animals must also beconsidered for increased production, quality and efficiency. This book providesinformation that readers will find considerably invaluable about forage feeds, suchas grass, legumes, and straw. The book is composed of ten papers, focusing on awide range of research activities and topics that feature the following concepts offorage: the effect of conservation method on forage protein value; Microbial thecomposition and mycotoxin content in forage; genetic diversity of forages; timelysowing to maximize yield for both grain and biomass; ensiling treatments onforage quality; the qualitative characteristics of different accessions of new foragespecies; forage policy influencing feed costs; feeding forage on animal health;high-protein tropical forages as alternative sources for poultry; impact of foragesin poultry diet and significance of forages in sustainable poultry productionsystems. This book will be an invaluable reference for students and professionalsin agricultural science and grassland and animal husbandry researches
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    Mathematical Analysis and Applications (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038974000 , 9783038974017
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Abstract: Investigations involving the theory and applications of mathematical analytic tools and techniques are remarkably wide-spread in many diverse areas of the mathematical, physical, chemical, engineering and statistical sciences. In this Special Issue, we invite and welcome review, expository and original research articles dealing with the recent advances in mathematical analysis and its multidisciplinary applications
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    Microfluidics for Cells and Other Organisms (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039215638 , 9783039215621
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Abstract: Microfluidics-based devices play an important role in creating realistic microenvironments in which cell cultures can thrive. They can, for example, be used to monitor drug toxicity and perform medical diagnostics, and be in a static-, perfusion- or droplet-based device. They can also be used to study cell-cell, cell-matrix or cell-surface interactions. Cells can be either single cells, 3D cell cultures or co-cultures. Other organisms could include bacteria, zebra fish embryo, C. elegans, to name a few
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  • 73
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    Large Grid-Connected Wind Turbines (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038977568
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Abstract: This book covers the technological progress and developments of a large-scale wind energy conversion system along with its future trends, with each chapter constituting a contribution by a different leader in the wind energy arena. Recent developments in wind energy conversion systems, system optimization, stability augmentation, power smoothing, and many other fascinating topics are included in this book. Chapters are supported through modeling, control, and simulation analysis. This book contains both technical and review articles
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  • 74
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    Rietveld Refinement in the Characterization of Crystalline Materials (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038975281 , 9783038975274
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Abstract: This Special Issue serves as a crystallographic forum covering various aspects of material science that have in common the use of the powerful Rietveld method in the analysis of the powder XRD patterns of investigated compounds
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  • 75
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    Remote Sensing of Above Ground Biomass (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039212101 , 9783039212095
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Abstract: Above ground biomass has been listed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as one of the five most prominent, visible, and dynamic terrestrial carbon pools. The increased awareness of the impacts of climate change has seen a burgeoning need to consistently assess carbon stocks to combat carbon sequestration. An accurate estimation of carbon stocks and an understanding of the carbon sources and sinks can aid the improvement and accuracy of carbon flux models, an important pre-requisite of climate change impact projections. Based on 15 research topics, this book demonstrates the role of remote sensing in quantifying above ground biomass (forest, grass, woodlands) across varying spatial and temporal scales. The innovative application areas of the book include algorithm development and implementation, accuracy assessment, scaling issues (local–regional–global biomass mapping), and the integration of microwaves (i.e. LiDAR), along with optical sensors, forest biomass mapping, rangeland productivity and abundance (grass biomass, density, cover), bush encroachment biomass, and seasonal and long-term biomass monitoring
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  • 76
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    Risk Analysis and Portfolio Modelling (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216253 , 9783039216246
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Abstract: Financial Risk Measurement is a challenging task, because both the types of risk and the techniques evolve very quickly. This book collects a number of novel contributions to the measurement of financial risk, which address either non-fully explored risks or risk takers, and does so in a wide variety of empirical contexts
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  • 77
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    Remote Sensing of Precipitation: Volume 1 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783039212859 , 9783039212866
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Abstract: Precipitation is a well-recognized pillar in global water and energy balances. An accurate and timely understanding of its characteristics at the global, regional, and local scales is indispensable for a clearer understanding of the mechanisms underlying the Earth’s atmosphere–ocean complex system. Precipitation is one of the elements that is documented to be greatly affected by climate change. In its various forms, precipitation comprises a primary source of freshwater, which is vital for the sustainability of almost all human activities. Its socio-economic significance is fundamental in managing this natural resource effectively, in applications ranging from irrigation to industrial and household usage. Remote sensing of precipitation is pursued through a broad spectrum of continuously enriched and upgraded instrumentation, embracing sensors which can be ground-based (e.g., weather radars), satellite-borne (e.g., passive or active space-borne sensors), underwater (e.g., hydrophones), aerial, or ship-borne
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    Measures of Spirituality/Religiosity (2018) (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783038979333 , 9783038979326
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Abstract: The interest in the topic of spirituality as a more or less independent dimension of quality of life is continuously growing, and research questions are beginning to change as the field of religiosity changes, becoming more diverse and pluralistic. Addressing new topics in health research also relies on standardized questionnaires. The number of instruments intended to measure specific aspects of spirituality is growing, and it is particularly difficult to evaluate the new instruments. This Special Issue will focus on some of the established instruments (updating them to different languages and cultures), but will also describe the features and intentions of newly-developed instruments, which may potentially be used in larger studies to develop knowledge relevant to spiritual care and practice. This Special Issue will serve as a resource on the instruments used to study the wide range of organized religiosity, the individual experience of the divine, and an open approach in the search for meaning and purpose in life
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  • 79
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    Links between Fibrogenesis and Cancer: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Challenges: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Challenges (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039217076 , 9783039217069
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Abstract: Tissue fibrosis may occur for unknown causes or be the consequence of many pathological conditions including chronic inflammatory or infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, graft rejection, or malignancy. On the other hand, malignant tumors have been identified in fibrotic tissues decades ago, and now accumulating evidence suggests that fibrotic lesions enhance the risk of cancer in several organs such as liver, lungs, and breast. Disruption of an organ parenchymal cells and of its normal structural scaffold during tissue fibrogenesis appears to induce loss of cell polarity, promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation that may eventually lead to cancer development. Many cellular and molecular abnormalities including aberrant expression of microRNAs, genetic and epigenetic alterations, evasion or delayed apoptosis, unregulated intracellular signal pathways, and dysregulation or defective intercellular communications have been proposed to explain this link between fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms of this fibrosis-to-cancer transition remain unclear. This book presents a collection of reviews and original articles summarizing recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer development in fibrotic organs
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  • 80
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    Livelihood and Landscape Change in Africa: Future Trajectories for Improved Well-Being under a Changing Climate (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039214693 , 9783039214709
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Abstract: This book is based on a Special Issue of the journal LAND that draws together a collection of 11 diverse articles at the nexus of climate change, landscapes, and livelihoods in rural Africa; all explore the links between livelihood and landscape change, including shifts in farming practices and natural resource use and management. The articles, which are all place-based case studies across nine African countries, cover three not necessarily mutually exclusive thematic areas, namely: smallholder farming livelihoods under new climate risk (five articles); long-term dynamics of livelihoods and landscape change and future trajectories (two articles); and natural resource management and governance under a changing climate, spanning forests, woodlands, and rangelands (four articles). The commonalities, key messages, and research gaps across the 11 articles are presented in a synthesis article. All the case studies pointed to the need for an integrated and in-depth understanding of the multiple drivers of landscape and livelihood change and how these interact with local histories, knowledge systems, cultures, complexities, and lived realities. Moreover, where there are interventions (such as new governance systems, REDD+ or climate smart agriculture), it is critical to interrogate what is required to ensure a fair and equitable distribution of emerging benefits
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    Modeling and Simulation of Carbon Emission Related Issues (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039213122 , 9783039213115
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Abstract: Carbon emissions reached an all-time high in 2018, when global carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels increased by about 2.7%, after a 1.6% increase in 2017. Thus, we need to pay special attention to carbon emissions and work out possible solutions if we still want to meet the targets of the Paris climate agreement. This Special Issue collects 16 carbon emissions-related papers (including 5 that are carbon tax-related) and 4 energy-related papers using various methods or models, such as the input–output model, decoupling analysis, life cycle impact analysis (LCIA), relational analysis model, generalized Divisia index model (GDIM), forecasting model, three-indicator allocation model, mathematical programming, real options model, multiple linear regression, etc. The research studies come from China, Taiwan, Brazil, Thailand, and United States. These researches involved various industries such as agricultural industry, transportation industry, power industry, tire industry, textile industry, wave energy industry, natural gas industry, and petroleum industry. Although this Special Issue does not fully solve our concerns, it still provides abundant material for implementing energy conservation and carbon emissions reduction. However, there are still many issues regarding the problems caused by global warming that require research
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    Machining—Recent Advances, Applications and Challenges (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039213788 , 9783039213771
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (554 p.)
    Abstract: The Special Issue Machining—Recent Advances, Applications and Challenges is intended as a humble collection of some of the hottest topics in machining. The manufacturing industry is a varying and challenging environment where new advances emerge from one day to another. In recent years, new manufacturing procedures have retained increasing attention from the industrial and scientific community. However, machining still remains the key operation to achieve high productivity and precision for high-added value parts. Continuous research is performed, and new ideas are constantly considered. This Special Issue summarizes selected high-quality papers which were submitted, peer-reviewed, and recommended by experts. It covers some (but not only) of the following topics: High performance operations for difficult-to-cut alloys, wrought and cast materials, light alloys, ceramics, etc.; Cutting tools, grades, substrates and coatings. Wear damage; Advanced cooling in machining: Minimum quantity of lubricant, dry or cryogenics; Modelling, focused on the reduction of risks, the process outcome, and to maintain surface integrity; Vibration problems in machines: Active and passive/predictive methods, sources, diagnosis and avoidance; Influence of machining in new concepts of machine–tool, and machine static and dynamic behaviors; Machinability of new composites, brittle and emerging materials; Assisted machining processes by high-pressure, laser, US, and others; Introduction of new analytics and decision making into machining programming. We wish to thank the reviewers and staff from Materials for their comments, advice, suggestions and invaluable support during the development of this Special Issue
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    Mixed Matrix Membranes (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039219773 , 9783039219766
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Abstract: Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have attracted a large amount of interest in research laboratories worldwide in recent decades, motivated by the gap between a growing interest in developing novel mixed matrix membranes by various research groups and the lack of large-scale implementation. This Special Issue contains six publications dealing with the current opportunities and challenges of mixed matrix membranes development and applications to solve environmental and health challenges of the society of 21st century
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    Middleware Solutions for Wireless Internet of Things (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039210374 , 9783039210367
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Abstract: The proliferation of powerful but cheap devices, together with the availability of a plethora of wireless technologies, has pushed for the spread of the Wireless Internet of Things (WIoT), which is typically much more heterogeneous, dynamic, and general-purpose if compared with the traditional IoT. The WIoT is characterized by the dynamic interaction of traditional infrastructure-side devices, e.g., sensors and actuators, provided by municipalities in Smart City infrastructures, and other portable and more opportunistic ones, such as mobile smartphones, opportunistically integrated to dynamically extend and enhance the WIoT environment. A key enabler of this vision is the advancement of software and middleware technologies in various mobile-related sectors, ranging from the effective synergic management of wireless communications to mobility/adaptivity support in operating systems and differentiated integration and management of devices with heterogeneous capabilities in middleware, from horizontal support to crowdsourcing in different application domains to dynamic offloading to cloud resources, only to mention a few. The book presents state-of-the-art contributions in the articulated WIoT area by providing novel insights about the development and adoption of middleware solutions to enable the WIoT vision in a wide spectrum of heterogeneous scenarios, ranging from industrial environments to educational devices. The presented solutions provide readers with differentiated point of views, by demonstrating how the WIoT vision can be applied to several aspects of our daily life in a pervasive manner
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    Learning to Understand Remote Sensing Images (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038976981 , 9783038976998
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (376 p.)
    Abstract: With the recent advances in remote sensing technologies for Earth observation, many different remote sensors are collecting data with distinctive properties. The obtained data are so large and complex that analyzing them manually becomes impractical or even impossible. Therefore, understanding remote sensing images effectively, in connection with physics, has been the primary concern of the remote sensing research community in recent years. For this purpose, machine learning is thought to be a promising technique because it can make the system learn to improve itself. With this distinctive characteristic, the algorithms will be more adaptive, automatic, and intelligent. This book introduces some of the most challenging issues of machine learning in the field of remote sensing, and the latest advanced technologies developed for different applications. It integrates with multi-source/multi-temporal/multi-scale data, and mainly focuses on learning to understand remote sensing images. Particularly, it presents many more effective techniques based on the popular concepts of deep learning and big data to reach new heights of data understanding. Through reporting recent advances in the machine learning approaches towards analyzing and understanding remote sensing images, this book can help readers become more familiar with knowledge frontier and foster an increased interest in this field
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    Plasma Catalysis (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038977506
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Abstract: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC
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    The Origin and Early Evolution of Life: Prebiotic Chemistry of Biomolecules (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216062 , 9783039216079
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Abstract: Studying the origin of life is one of man’s greatest achievements over the last sixty years. The fields of interest encompassed by this quest are multiple and interdisciplinary: chemistry, physics, biology, biochemistry, mathematics, geology but also statistics, atmospheric science, meteorology, oceanography, and astrophysics. Recent scientific discoveries, such as water on Mars and the existence of super-Earths with atmospheres similar to primordial Earth, have pushed researchers to simulate prebiotic conditions in explaining the abiotic formation of molecules essential to life. This collection of articles offers an overview of recent discoveries in the field of prebiotic chemistry of biomolecules, their formation and selection, and the evolution of complex chemical systems
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  • 88
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    Plant Innate Immunity 2.0 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038975809
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (386 p.)
    Abstract: Plants possess a rather complex and efficient immune system. During their evolutionary history, plants have developed various defense strategies in order to recognize and distinguishing between self and non-self, and face pathogens and animal pests. Accordingly, to study the plant innate immunity represents a new frontier in the plant pathology and crop protection fields. This book is structured in 6 sections. The first part introduces some basic and general aspects of the plant innate immunity and crop protection. Sections 2–5 focus on fungal and oomycete diseases (section 2), bacterial and phytoplasma diseases (section 3), virus diseases (section 4), and insect pests (section 5), with a number of case studies and plant–pathogen/pest interactions. The last section deals with plant disease detection and control. The book aims to highlight new trends in these relevant areas of plant sciences, providing a global perspective that is useful for future and innovative ideas
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    Pharmacist Services (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039217540 , 9783039217557
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (436 p.)
    Abstract: The overall goal of this book is to give the reader a state-of-the-art synopsis of the pharmacist services domain. To accomplish this goal, the authors have addressed the social, psychosocial, political, legal, historic, clinical, and economic factors that are associated with pharmacist services. In this book, you will gain cutting-edge insights from learning about the research of experts throughout the world. The findings have relevance for enhancing pharmacist professionalism, pharmacist practice, and the progression of pharmacist services in the future
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  • 90
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    Left Versus Right Asymmetries of Brain and Behaviour (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216925 , 9783039216932
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Abstract: This book is a collection of papers written by leaders in the field of lateralized brain function and behaviour in non-human animals. The papers cover the asymmetry of brain mechanisms and behaviour in a wide range of both vertebrate and invertebrate species. Each paper focuses on one of the following topics: the link between population-level lateralization and social behaviour; the processes in the avian brain that permit one brain hemisphere to take control of behaviour; lateralized attention to predators and the common pattern of lateralization in vertebrate species; visual and auditory lateralization; influences that alter the development of lateralization—specifically, the effect of temperature on the development of lateralization in sharks; and the importance of understanding lateralization when considering both the training and welfare of dogs. Collectively, these studies address questions of why different species have asymmetry of brain and behaviour, how it develops, and how this is dealt with by these different species. The papers report on the lateralization of different types of behaviour, each going beyond merely reporting the presence of asymmetry and shedding light on its function and on the mechanisms involved in its expression
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  • 91
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    Pediatric Palliative Care (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038973515 , 9783038973508
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Abstract: At least 20 million children worldwide would benefit from Pediatric Palliative Care (PPC) annually, and eight million children would need specialized PPC services. In the USA alone, more than 42,000 children, 0–19 years, die annually; fifty-five percent of them are infants younger than one year old. Interdisciplinary PPC is about matching treatment to patient goals and is considered specialized medical care for children with a serious illness. It is focused on relieving pain, distressing symptoms, and stress from a serious illness and is appropriate at any age and at any stage, together with curative treatment. The primary PPC goal is to improve the quality of life both for the child and for his/her family. Sadly, advances in the control of symptoms in children dying of life-limiting diseases have often not kept pace with treatment directed at curing the underlying disease. Data reveal that the majority of distressing symptoms in children with an advanced serious illness (such as pain, dyspnea and nausea/vomiting) are not treated, and, when treated, therapy is commonly ineffective. Emerging evidence shows that palliative care involvement results in improved quality of life, as well as prolongation of life. High-quality pediatric palliative care for children with serious illnesses is now an expected standard of medical care. However, there still remain significant barriers to achieving optimal care, related to lack of formal education, reimbursement issues, the emotional impact of caring for a dying child, and most importantly, the lack of interdisciplinary PPC teams with sufficient staffing. Fortunately, considerable advances have been made in recent years providing PPC around the globe both in resource-poor and resource-rich countries through care provided at children’s hospitals, outpatient palliative care clinics, palliative home care, and free-standing children’s hospice houses. This book, authored by leading authorities in the field, is dedicated to describing existing gaps, as well as the achievements made in clinical care, education, training, and research
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  • 92
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    Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039214549 , 9783039214532
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Abstract: Climate change, urban air quality, and dependency on crude oil are important societal challenges. In the transportation sector especially, clean and energy efficient technologies must be developed. Electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have gained a growing interest in the vehicle industry. Nowadays, the commercialization of EVs and PHEVs has been possible in different applications (i.e., light duty, medium duty, and heavy duty vehicles) thanks to the advances in energy storage systems, power electronics converters (including DC/DC converters, DC/AC inverters, and battery charging systems), electric machines, and energy efficient power flow control strategies. This book is based on the Special Issue of the journal Applied Sciences on “Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)”. This collection of research articles includes topics such as novel propulsion systems, emerging power electronics and their control algorithms, emerging electric machines and control techniques, energy storage systems, including BMS, and efficient energy management strategies for hybrid propulsion, vehicle-to-grid (V2G), vehicle-to-home (V2H), grid-to-vehicle (G2V) technologies, and wireless power transfer (WPT) systems
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    Participatory Forestry: Involvement, Information and Science (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039213320 , 9783039213313
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Abstract: Public participation in forestry is a key issue in ensuring the democratization of decision-making processes, increasing the social acceptance of policies, and reducing conflicts between forest users. Public participation also provides an opportunity for the improvement of the quality of information, public debate, personal reflection, and professionalization, raising awareness. Participation in forestry implies the involvement of stakeholders (the interest group participation approach) and/or the involvement of people (the direct citizen participation approach) in the decision-making process. Since the UN Conference on Environment and Development (1992), new norms and perspectives have emerged encouraging a bottom-up approach in forest governance. Consequently, several participatory techniques, methods, and tools for stakeholder involvement in forest governance have been developed and applied. These different experiences allow us to learn from failures and successes and contribute to knowledge improvement. The future challenges of participatory forestry deal with adaptation to changes in ecological, social, and economic contexts
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    Optimisation Models and Methods in Energy Systems (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039211197 , 9783039211180
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Abstract: Challenging problems arise in all segments of energy industries—generation, transmission, distribution and consumption. Optimization models and methods play a key role in offering decision/policy makers better information to assist them in making sounder decisions at different levels, ranging from operational to strategic planning
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  • 95
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    Plant Natural Products for Human Health (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038977124
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (514 p.)
    Abstract: Plants have served mankind as an important source of foods and medicines. While we all consume plants and their products for nutritional support, a majority of the world population also rely on botanical remedies to meet their health needs, either as their own “traditional medicine” or as “complementary and alternative medicine”. From a pharmaceutical point of view, many compounds obtained from plant sources have long been known to possess bio/pharmacological activities, and historically, plants have yielded many important drugs for human use, from morphine discovered in the early nineteenth century to the more recent paclitaxel and artemisinin. Today, we are witnessing a global resurgence in interest and use of plant-based therapies and botanical products, and natural products remain an important and viable source of lead compounds in many drug discovery programs.This Special Issue on “Plant Natural Products for Human Health” compiles a series of scientific reports to demonstrate the medicinal potentials of plant natural products. It covers a range of disease targets, such as diabetes, inflammation, cancer, neurological disease, cardiovascular disease, liver damage, bacterial, and fungus infection and malarial. These papers provide important insights into the current state of research on drug discovery and new techniques. It is hoped that this Special Issue will serve as a timely reference for researchers and scholars who are interested in the discovery of potentially useful molecules from plant sources for health-related applications
    Note: English
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  • 96
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    Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and Paraganglioma (PGL) (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039216550 , 9783039216543
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (380 p.)
    Abstract: This book outlines some new advances in genetics, clinical evaluation, localization, therapy (newly including immunotherapy) of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma including their metastatic counterparts. Well-known and experienced clinicians and scientists contributed to this book to include some novel approaches to these tumors. This book will serve to various health care professionals from different subspecialties, but mainly oncologists, endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons, pediatricians, and radiologists. This book shows that the field of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma is evolving and a significant progress has been made in last 5 years requiring that health care professionals and scientists will learns new information and implement it in their clinical practice or scientific work, respectively. This book should not be missed by anybody who is focusing on neuroendocrine tumors, their newest evaluation and treatment
    Note: English
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  • 97
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    Pleiotropic Action of Selenium in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer, and Related Diseases (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038976929
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Abstract: This book will cover topics related to the preparation and use of heterogeneous catalytic systems for the transformation of renewable sources, as well as of materials deriving from agro-industrial wastes and by-products. At the same time, the ever-increasing importance of bioproducts, due to the acceptance and request of consumers, makes the upgrade of biomass into chemicals and materials not only an environmental issue, but also an economical advantage
    Note: English
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  • 98
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    Information Geometry (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038976325
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Abstract: This Special Issue of the journal Entropy, titled “Information Geometry I”, contains a collection of 17 papers concerning the foundations and applications of information geometry. Based on a geometrical interpretation of probability, information geometry has become a rich mathematical field employing the methods of differential geometry. It has numerous applications to data science, physics, and neuroscience. Presenting original research, yet written in an accessible, tutorial style, this collection of papers will be useful for scientists who are new to the field, while providing an excellent reference for the more experienced researcher. Several papers are written by authorities in the field, and topics cover the foundations of information geometry, as well as applications to statistics, Bayesian inference, machine learning, complex systems, physics, and neuroscience
    Note: English
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  • 99
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    Intermittency and Self-Organisation in Turbulence and Statistical Mechanics (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783039211098 , 9783039211081
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Abstract: There is overwhelming evidence, from laboratory experiments, observations, and computational studies, that coherent structures can cause intermittent transport, dramatically enhancing transport. A proper description of this intermittent phenomenon, however, is extremely difficult, requiring a new non-perturbative theory, such as statistical description. Furthermore, multi-scale interactions are responsible for inevitably complex dynamics in strongly non-equilibrium systems, a proper understanding of which remains a main challenge in classical physics. As a remarkable consequence of multi-scale interaction, a quasi-equilibrium state (the so-called self-organisation) can however be maintained. This special issue aims to present different theories of statistical mechanics to understand this challenging multiscale problem in turbulence. The 14 contributions to this Special issue focus on the various aspects of intermittency, coherent structures, self-organisation, bifurcation and nonlocality. Given the ubiquity of turbulence, the contributions cover a broad range of systems covering laboratory fluids (channel flow, the Von Kármán flow), plasmas (magnetic fusion), laser cavity, wind turbine, air flow around a high-speed train, solar wind and industrial application
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  • 100
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    Health Promotion in Children and Adolescents through Sport and Physical Activities (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783038978862 , 9783038978879
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Abstract: I made the important decision to manage a Special Issue, because I believe it to be extremely important to focus on children’s and adolescents’ physiological and psychological development. I aimed to collect research that investigates the role of physical activity and sport on physical and mental well-being, with a particular focus on practical implications, innovation, tools, and technique. This Special Issue, “Health Promotion in Children and Adolescents through Sport and Physical Activities” addresses pediatric exercise science as a key scientific discipline able to help future generations live longer and better. It is already clear that sedentariness and a low level of muscular strength and power significantly affects cognitive functions and daily relations, but it is interesting to understand the key determinants and how we can help practitioners better manage these concerns in their patients. Authors were invited to submit letters, original research papers, case studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews
    Note: English
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