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  • Undetermined  (2,782)
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  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (2,782)
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  • Undetermined  (2,782)
  • Dutch
  • Japanese
  • Swedish
  • English  (154)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575148 , 9783036575155
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Education
    Abstract: The use of educational games and gamification in teaching has been a global trend in educational research, and this reprint focuses on research related to the use of game-based learning or gamification in teaching. This reprint contains empirical studies and systematic reviews regarding the use of games in teaching, spanning many subject areas. It includes various gamification mechanisms, escape room educational games, the evaluation of various digital educational games, and other topics
    Note: English
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  • 2
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562018 , 9783036562025
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has made the general public aware of the breakthrough technologies which were developed in recent years for state-of-the-art biosensing, and terms such as clinical specificity and sensitivity are now widely understood. The need for reliable point-of-care diagnostic systems during the last few years has been crucial. Continuous developments in MEMS technology and microfluidics are key drivers for the miniaturization of lab-grade sensing systems. Micro-technologies and miniaturization allow for designing lightweight and small devices, other advantages include reduced consumption of power and reagents, faster response times, increased sensitivity, reduced environmental footprint, availability of batch production processes for low-cost and disposable devices. This Special Issue published seven novel contributions in the fields of biosensing, lab-on-chip, organ-on-chip and related technologies such as numerical microfluidics studies, digital micro-fluidics and micromixers
    Note: English
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  • 3
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574684 , 9783036574691
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint presents a collection of original research and survey articles that tackle the practical challenges in large-scale and rapid deployment of sensors for diverse applications as well as the resulting Big Data processing. The complexity of the generated data ranges from large-scale sensor networks to smartphone-enabled citizen sensing data from social networks and personal health devices, which requires advanced data processing, mining and fusion methods. Solutions listed in this book include those that address issues of the interoperability of IoT solutions and data fragmentation through crawling, indexing and searching IoT data sources and the predictive maintenance of sensors. Social networks are also in scope, through a visualisation system for the analysis of anomalies in social graphs, detecting context-aware sociability patterns and assessing the effectiveness of fine tuning and pretrained word embedding in generating interpretable topics from short texts in social networks. Applications in scope include smart tourism, fall detection through personal health sensors and an energy management expert assistant
    Note: English
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  • 4
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574530 , 9783036574523
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: "Microbial Biopolymers: Trends in Synthesis, Modification and Applications" is a comprehensive reprint that explores the latest research and innovations in the field of biopolymers. The reprint covers the production and functionalization of two key types of microbial biopolymers: polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and exopolysaccharides (EPSs). With contributions from leading experts in the field, the reprint provides a thorough overview of the production processes, chemical and physical properties, and applications of these biopolymers. The reprint is an essential resource for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals interested in developing sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to conventional plastics and materials
    Note: English
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  • 5
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575469 , 9783036575476
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (334 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Abstract: Rapid advances in modelling research have created new challenges and opportunities for statisticians. Statistical inference in observational studies and many other emerging fields have motivated statisticians worldwide to develop cutting-edge methods and analytical strategies. The aim of this reprint is to showcase the applications and methodological research in all fields of computational statistics. This reprint will provide a forum for computer scientists, mathematicians, and statisticians working in a variety of areas in statistics, including biometrics, econometrics, data analysis, graphics, and simulation
    Note: English
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  • 6
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036557311 , 9783036557328
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This book follows up on the previous volume focusing on the different biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. It includes original research works and review articles focusing on an improved understanding of disease mechanisms. It also aims to identify aspects of early therapeutic intervention for enhanced disease management. Some critical approaches include studies involving human tissue samples, mouse disease models, and different imaging techniques. These studies present the essential information necessary to address such pathological conditions in the future
    Note: English
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  • 7
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577531 , 9783036577524
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: Major concerns regarding health and the environment are at the heart of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's Sustainable Development Goals. Now more than ever, humanity is called upon to take action to protect the environment and public health. The environment in which we live is the most vital factor for our health and well-being. Human activities have significant impacts on the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and even outer space. Biological, chemical, and physical risk factors are part of our everyday lives, and scientific research continuously faces challenges to understand and mitigate these interactions to make life on Earth more sustainable. The sustainability of human societies and the biodiversity that supports them requires the responsible supervision of natural resources, including the development of technologies and regulations
    Note: English
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  • 8
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576817 , 9783036576800
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: A change from a consumer society to a sustainable and conserver society must focus on for the welfare of the planet and future generations through balance rather than by maximizing the exploitation of resources. This will bring about further growth as an option for both per capita consumption and the population. Muddled and tepid responses make it clear that the society has not developed a vision of what a truly sustainable society looks like. It is essential to bring awareness to the possibility of creating a sustainable society which will incorporate sustainable development goals (SDGs) to generate a future with more possibilities. In order to move towards a sustainable society, it is vital to provide the highest standard of wellbeing, from an environmental, human, and economic perspective. We can contribute by providing technical and scientific studies that can be accessed freely and implemented by all. These works cover the important parameters that can be addressed to achieve sustainability, such as being energetically sustainable, resource-sustainable, environmentally sustainable, fiscally sustainable, and socially sustainable
    Note: English
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9783036576091 , 9783036576084
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Metal and metal oxide nanocomposites have received considerable attention as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents because of their diverse shape, size, high surface-to-volume ratio, chemical/physical stability, activity, and a greater degree of selectivity. The design and synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanocomposites (e.g. mono, bi-, tri-, and multi-metallic nanocomposites), as well as polymer-based nanocomposites and hydrogels with diversified nanostructures (e.g. nanoarrays, nanotubes, core-shell, nanosheets, and nanorods), has sparked considerable interest in terms of biomedical therapeutics, bioimaging, biosensors, drug delivery, and antimicrobial attributes
    Note: English
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  • 10
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583259 , 9783036583242
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This reprint consists of scientific papers that had been published and covered the synthesis, characteristics, and applications of multifunctional nanomaterials. Smart nanoparticles with two or more engineered properties or characteristics make up multifunctional nanomaterials. These versatile nanomaterials have impressive structural and physical characteristics, which has expanded their industrial application. This reprint will be useful to academics, scientists, engineers, students, and industrial researchers
    Note: English
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  • 11
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575407 , 9783036575414
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Robotics and intelligent systems often appear to be linked, as they take advantage of the best abilities of each other towards a common goal. In industry, it is common to see robotic systems aided by machine learning and vice versa and in applications spanning from robot navigation, grasping, human–robot interaction/collaboration, safety, and team management, among others. Achievements targeting the industrial domain can be directly applied in robotic systems operating in other domains. While the advancements in the last few years have been enormous, industrial robotics and intelligent systems face several scientific and technological challenges related to their integration with other systems, interaction with humans, safety, flexibility, reconfigurability, and autonomy. These challenges are especially relevant when robots operate in unstructured industrial environments and share their workspaces with human co-workers and other robots. This reprint collects research and technological achievements related to advanced intelligent robotic systems. The contributions cover the coordination of multiple robots navigating on the factory floor, path planning strategies, human–robot interaction, robot redundancy and kinematics, systems integration, grasping, and manipulation
    Note: English
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  • 12
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    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574615 , 9783036574608
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The reprint, “Rare Monogenic Diseases: Molecular Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies”, provides a collection of original research articles and systematic reviews focused on diverse conditions stemming from a pathogenic single gene mutation. The articles are focused on the molecular mechanisms that are affected within a rare monogenic disorder, such as those involving gene expression, molecular pathways and cell death. Moreover, specific experimental therapies including drug discovery, drug repositioning, gene therapy and protein-based therapeutics are discussed
    Note: English
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9783036570648 , 9783036570655
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: Building extraction from remote sensing data plays an important role in geospatial applications such as urban planning, disaster management, navigation, and updating geographic databases. The rapid development of image processing techniques and the accessibility of very-high-resolution multispectral, hyperspectral, LiDAR, and SAR remote sensing images have further boosted research on building-extraction-related topics. In particular, to meet the recent demand for advanced artificial intelligence models, many research institutes and associations have provided open source datasets and annotated training data, presenting new opportunities to develop advanced approaches for building extraction and monitoring. Hence, there are higher expectations of the efficiency, accuracy, and robustness of building extraction approaches. Additionally, they should meet the demand for processing large city-, national-, and global-scale datasets. Moreover, learning and dealing with imperfect training data remains a challenge, as does unexpected objects in urban scenes such as trees, clouds, and shadows. In addition to building masks, more research has arisen on the automatic generation of LoD2/3 building models from remote sensing data. This follow-up Special Issue of “Remote Sensing-based Building Extraction”, has collected more research on cutting-edge approaches to essential urban processes such as 3D reconstruction, automatic building segmentation, and 3D roof modelling
    Note: English
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783036573519 , 9783036573502
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint emphasizes the perspectives and challenges surrounding COVID-19 and obesity-related cancers, including but not limited to the risk factors of severe COVID-19 in cancer patients; the complications of COVID-19 in cancer patients; the challenges in cancer treatment and surgery; guidelines for cancer care during COVID-19; delayed diagnosis and suboptimal cancer management; the impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening, early diagnosis and cancer presentation; immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in cancer patients; psychological distress among cancer survivors; telehealth in cancer care; the role of diet and nutraceuticals in the prevention of severe COVID-19 and cancer; and the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer research
    Note: English
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  • 15
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571898 , 9783036571881
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Abstract: Grateful thanks are given to Dr. Fouad El Monsouri and coworkers for contributing Chapter 1, which deals with ground water contamination with nitrate. Thanks are due to Dr. Arcadius Martininen Agassin Ahogle and coworkers for contributing Chapter 2, dealing with the assessment of soil organic carbon. Grateful thanks are provided to Dr. Puttapati Sampath Kumar and coworkers for contributing Chapter 3, dealing with the exploitation of eucalyptus leaves for electrode fabrication in supercapacitors. Indebtedness is due to Dr. Almaz S Jalilov and coworkers for contributing Chapter 4, dealing with the production of activated carbon from petroleum waste (vacuum residue). Thanks are due to Dr. Yongdan Li and coworkers for contributing Chapter 5, dealing with the use of exhausted olive pomace for the production of fuel for direct carbon fuel cells (DCFC). Grateful thanks are due to Dr. Roberta Mota-Panizio and coworkers for Chapter 6, dealing with the development of a concept for the production of essential oils and biomethane from biomass waste. Thanks are due to Dr. Vitali Nitsenko and coworkers for contributing Chapter 7, dealing with the modelling studies on the yield of biogas from organic mass. Thanks are due to Dr Imane Moulefera and coworkers for contributing Chapter 8, dealing with the adsorption of atenolol. Grateful indebtedness is due to Dr. Denis Mirohnichenko and coworkers for contributing Chapter 9, dealing with the development of bioedegradable polymer gels. Finally, indebtedness is due to Dr. Steven C Peterson and coworkers for contributing Chapter 10, dealing with the production of porous and polar biochar for composite applications
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  • 16
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573762 , 9783036573779
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: The present reprint contains five articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Logic and Computation 2023” of the MDPI “Mathematics” journal, covering several topics on computing science based on some form of logic. These topics include the model theory for formal logic-based formal specification and programming, logic mining and logic for games. It is hoped that the reprint will be interesting and useful for those working in the area of applying logic to computing
    Note: English
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9783036573434 , 9783036573427
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint is a collection of the research papers published in the "Advances in Friction, Lubrication, Wear and Oxidation in Metals Manufacturing" Special Issue. It acts as an update on the state of the art concerning studies on friction, wear and oxidation properties of materials; the development and performance of novel lubricants; and advanced simulation strategies for friction contacts
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  • 18
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573359 , 9783036573342
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Subsistence smallholder agriculture in East Asia was highly recognized by Dr. Franklin Hiram King in his book Farmers of Forty Centuries or Permanent Agriculture in China, Korea and Japan though it has been abandoned due to industrialization and urbanization since the end of the 20th century. This reprint consists of research on the transformation of agricultural systems and the mechanism behind these phenomena in China and Japan. We believe that this reprint is practically important, and we appreciate your understanding of the imperfections and hope you enjoy this reprint
    Note: English
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  • 19
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571638 , 9783036571621
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: Our reprint consists of 13 papers. In the first five papers, the influencing factors of biodiversity and community composition are addressed. In the sixth and seventh papers, the spatial distribution patterns and drivers of arid plants under the background of global climate change are examined. The eighth paper describes leaf stoichiometry in arid zones. The ninth studies the change in carbon allocation depending on plant growth stage and the tenth deals with the use of condensed water by plants. Papers 11-13 look at the relationship between plants and soil
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  • 20
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572925 , 9783036572932
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: The concept of information freshness has developed over the last few years into an active and rapidly growing area of research. It has become known as the Age of Information (AoI). After its initial formal introduction, it became clear that it was very relevant (if not crucial) for numerous applications, ranging from autonomous vehicle systems, the Internet of Things, real-time computing to database access, caching, and wireless communications. More importantly, the combination of the transmission delay and sampling rate that are involved in the formulation of the AoI concept has made it clear that there are far-reaching consequences in the relationship between signal processing, information theory, and control theory at a fundamental level. In this Special Issue, we received contributions that span the full range of applications and theoretical foundations of the AoI concept, which, in fact, is also a performance metric and an analysis tool. Of special interest is the role of AoI in bridging different disciplines and the use of AoI in the analysis and optimization involved in important applications
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  • 21
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573823 , 9783036573830
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This reprint is devoted to studying RE-doped bulk and nanocrystalline materials from a scientific point of view and to presenting their possible applications in any field. This reprint is intended to serve as a unique multidisciplinary forum covering all aspects of science, technology and applications of rare-earth-doped crystals, starting from the growth techniques with specific attention to the optical and spectroscopic properties of these materials and their applications
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  • 22
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573113 , 9783036573106
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Fluvial hydraulics deals with the flow of water, the motion of sediment, and the erosion of channel beds in rivers. Fluvial hydraulics is complex because velocity, slope, depth, and channel roughness are all subject to changes resulting from erodible beds and sediment transport due to the presence of in-stream infrastructure, vegetation in channel beds/banks, and ice cover on water surfaces.The aim of this reprint is to present research that improves our knowledge of sediment transport, local scour around in-stream infrastructures, and fluvial processes in the presence of either vegetation in channel beds or ice cover on water surfaces. It aims to include not only the latest advancements in the mechanics of sediment transport and local scour around in-stream infrastructures but also the impacts of vegetation in channel beds on bed deformation and flow structures. Research regarding the interaction between river ice, riverbed deformation, and in-stream infrastructures.In total, twelve original contributions are presented in this reprint. Among the topics of interest for this Special Issue are: 1) turbulent flow structure, Reynolds stress, and local scour around in-stream infrastructures under an ice-covered flow condition; 2) interactions among ice jam accumulation, channel bed deformation, and in-stream infrastructures; and 3) turbulent flow structures in the presence of vegetation in a channel bed or under a shallow flow condition.We hope that the results of the presented research will benefit river engineers and hydrologists
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9783036573397 , 9783036573380
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, and viroids, constitute a serious threat to agriculture worldwide. In Spain, one of the countries with the highest proportion of agricultural gross domestic product in Europe, the agri-food industry is the main manufacturing activity. Consequently, the presence and emergence of microorganisms causing serious plant diseases to economically important crops is especially relevant. In line with this, Spain has an important number of research groups interested in plant pathology, with scientists working on many aspects of pathogenic microorganism–plant interactions, from the basic aspects to more applied studies. In recent years, numerous important advancements have been achieved by scientists working in Spain in terms of the biological and molecular characterization of plant pathogenic microorganisms, in elucidating mechanisms of microbe pathogenesis, plant resistance to microbe infection, and plant–microbe–vector interactions. All these new achievements have provided essential knowledge for agricultural researchers worldwide.The aim of this Special Issue was to provide a platform for Spanish researchers interested in plant pathogenic microorganisms to share their recent results related to microbe–plant host interactions, microbe–vector interactions, microbe–microbe interactions, evolution, ecology, and control strategies
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9783036574066 , 9783036574073
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (484 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Among the strategies for reducing the negative effects on the environment effected by the uncontrolled consumption and low potential for the recovery of conventional plastics, the synthesis of new biodegradable and recyclable plastics represents one of the most promising methods for minimizing the negative effects of conventional non-biodegradable plastics. The spectrum of existing biodegradable materials is still very narrow; thus, to achieve greater applicability, research is being carried out on biodegradable polymer mixtures, the synthesis of new polymers, and the incorporation of new stabilizers for thermal degradation, alongside the use of other additives such as antibacterials or new and more sustainable plasticizers. Some studies analyze direct applications, such as shape memory foams, new cartilage implants, drug release, etc.The reader can find several studies on the degradation of biodegradable polymers under composting conditions; however, novel bacteria that degrade polymers considered non-biodegradable in other, unusual conditions (such as conditions of high salinity) are also presented
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9783036573304 , 9783036573311
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The connected and automated vehicle (CAV) is a promising piece of technology, anticipated to enhance the safety and effectiveness of mobility. Advanced sensing technologies and control algorithms, working to acquire environmental data, analyze data, and regulate vehicle movements, are key functional components of CAVs. In recent years, the creation of innovative sensing technologies for CAVs has gained substantial attention. CAVs can now interpret sensory data to more accurately detect impediments, track their locations, navigate autonomously in a dynamic environment, and communicate with other nearby vehicles. This has been made possible by advancements in sensing technology. Additionally, by utilizing computer vision and other sensing techniques, the bodily movements, facial expressions, and even mental states of in-cabin persons can be identified
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  • 26
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572888 , 9783036572895
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Carbazoles are important aromatic heterocyclic compounds isolated from plants or synthetically obtained. Today, many carbazole derivatives are used in different industrial sectors, especially in the fields of physical chemistry, materials chemistry, and pharmaceuticals. In this Special Issue, “Carbazole derivatives: latest progress and prospects”, recent studies on carbazole derivatives that are utilized, such as β1-blocking, anticancer (e.g., STAT inhibitors, microtubule-targeting agents), and antidiabetic as well as antiviral (e.g., for the treatment of COVID-19 infection) agents, are reported
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  • 27
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573151 , 9783036573144
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering
    Abstract: Pyrometallurgy is considered to be an environmentally friendly technology in processing of primary and secondary raw materials. The continuous development of pyrometallurgical processes to treat more complex raw materials requires direct support from fundamental research. In this reprint, 18 papers focusing on recent investigations into the existing and new pyrometallurgical processes such as recovery of cobalt through chlorination–volatilization, the extraction of tungsten from low-grade concentrates, copper and lead smelting, ironmaking, and steelmaking are collected. This reprint is expected to serve as a valuable reference for academia and the industry working on thermodynamics, kinetics, and technological optimization and development
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783036568508 , 9783036568515
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This Special Issue collects research on and applications of the relationship between food, nutrition, and databases. The development of databases of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and metabolites are key tools for human health and public nutrition and represent resources for a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, epidemiology, and medicinal areas. The current research trends are highlighted
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9783036572253 , 9783036572246
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are becoming more prevalent in our aging population, and traditional methods of monitoring ND symptoms can be challenging. Wearable technology offers several advantages, such as continuous monitoring, objective measurements, and remote monitoring. The present reprint includes a collection of eleven research and review articles that propose wearable solutions and explore signal processing, machine learning, and deep learning approaches for the computerized diagnosis and monitoring of NDs. Topics covered include using wearable technology to measure blood pressure, movement, sleep patterns, and brain activity, and developing predictive models to support clinicians in making informed decisions about treatment and care. This reprint is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the potential of wearable technology to improve the diagnosis and management of NDs
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  • 30
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582801 , 9783036582818
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: Machining constitutes one of the most significant categories of manufacturing, being used in final component production, including both special and precision parts, as well as difficult-to-machine materials, and meeting high performance/quality requirements. Machining is also influenced by the continuously evolving quality/productivity requirements of modern industry, together with the innovative aspects of new and advanced materials in combination with the energy and environmental (green/clean) regulations imposed in industry. The tribological performance of alloys constitutes a significant property related to the lifetime and reliability of metallic components during their production and/or service conditions. Therefore, tribological performance can also be considered as a relevant and interconnected parameter of machinability. The study of tribological behavior also includes the surface engineering aspects of modern and conventional alloys in a more general framework of industrial component production and/or endurance in a harsh working environment. The core aim of this Special Issue is to present studies focusing on the manufacturing/machinability and tribological behavior of alloys, including the application of advanced surface treatments for wear resistance. The emergence of new and eco-friendly alloys for superior machinability performance is a key purpose of this reprint
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582436 , 9783036582429
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the most recent advancements in the field of materials science, showcasing novel techniques that can be used in a variety of applications, including medical and civil engineering. This collection of research articles was edited by Assoc. Prof. Andrei Victor Sandu from the Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of laşi, Romania
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  • 32
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579504 , 9783036579511
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (774 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This book is the proceedings of the 7th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences (ECWS-7), held online 15–30 March 2003, promoted by the open access MDPI journal Water (ISSN 2073-4441; IF 3.530). The title of ECWS-7 was “Adaptive Water Resources Management in an Era of Changing Climatic, Environmental and Social Conditions”. This book of proceedings includes 102 papers, internationally and independently reviewed and presented in the conference. The topics of the papers cover a large number of subjects including Sustainable Water Resources Management, Water Resource Policy and Governance Hydrology, and Climate Change: Impacts on Water Resources and Hydrology
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  • 33
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583426 , 9783036583433
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue “Design and Sustainability” aimed to foster discussion on the design and development of products, services and PSS that are socially, economically and environmentally sustainable. It is crucial to consider various facets of design and sustainability in a broad range of sectors and countries, while providing attention to often overlooked ‘softer’ dimension of social sustainability
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9783036582337 , 9783036582320
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: Discover the latest advancements in waste management and environmental sustainability with "Waste Treatment and Environmental Sustainability: Current Trends, Challenges, and Management Strategies". This comprehensive reprint features research and review articles that delve into the pressing issues of waste treatment and offer innovative solutions for a more sustainable future. Improper waste management poses significant risks to the environment and human health. Traditional methods have proven inadequate, driving the need for alternative approaches. This reprint explores sustainable practices such as bioremediation, phytoremediation, and green technologies that reduce waste generation and optimize resource utilization. The Special Issue included in the reprint presents 11 articles covering diverse topics such as predicting O3 levels, COVID-19's impact on household waste, reverse logistics, data analytics in waste management, and the role of biochar in phytoremediation. These articles provide valuable insights and directions for future research. "Waste Treatment and Environmental Sustainability" is an essential resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers passionate about waste management and environmental preservation. Explore the latest research findings and discover innovative strategies to create a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable world
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  • 35
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573137 , 9783036573120
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This reprint features a dozen high-quality research studies and reviews on different types of nanofluids and their important topics related to thermophysical and electrical properties, as well as convective and boiling heat transfer characteristics, contributed by renowned researchers around the world. It is expected to be a useful resource for related industrial professionals and researchers in this emerging and popular field of nanofluids
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  • 36
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036557014 , 9783036557021
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Transport technology & trades
    Abstract: This book focuses on advanced techniques to reduce the impact of the transport sector and, more specifically, of Spark-Ignition (SI) Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) on atmospheric air pollution and climate change. Hybrid vehicles represent the most suitable option for addressing these issues in the medium term, since hybridization allows us to overcome the major disadvantages of ICEs, electric units, and energy storage devices and merge their respective benefits. In this scenario, ICEs will remain the core component of automotive propulsion systems in the years to come. Of course, further efforts to improve the efficiency and reduce the pollutant and CO2 emissions of ICEs are necessary
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  • 37
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573458 , 9783036573441
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Global change induced extreme climate events are becoming more common than ever. Soil carbon and nitrogen pools correlated significantly with changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas. Large increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases, majorly carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, can enhance the heating of atmosphere, which will be generally followed by global warming. Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions including various strategies, such as the sequestrations of carbon and nitrogen in soil, plant or ecosystems, efficient management of agricultural and forestry ecosystems, mitigation of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen leaching, etc. The mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from all kinds of sources will be therefore crucial in mitigation of global climate change.This reprint gathered latest case studies and methodologies, including, but not limited to measurement and mitigation strategies of carbon and nitrogen pools in soil, plant, or ecosystems, and greenhouse gas emissions, will substantially improve our understanding of the potential, ability, and capacity of ecosystems in mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and hence global climate change. This reprint can be used by colleagues working on global climate change, ecology, agriculture, forestry and policy makers associated with global change. Chapters included in this reprint were contributed by colleagues from China, Egypt, Italy, Jordan, Mexico, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, etc. It can be used in most countries in the world
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9783036574042 , 9783036574059
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (506 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Among the strategies for reducing the negative effects on the environment effected by the uncontrolled consumption and low potential for the recovery of conventional plastics, the synthesis of new biodegradable and recyclable plastics represents one of the most promising methods for minimizing the negative effects of conventional non-biodegradable plastics. The spectrum of existing biodegradable materials is still very narrow; thus, to achieve greater applicability, research is being carried out on biodegradable polymer mixtures, the synthesis of new polymers, and the incorporation of new stabilizers for thermal degradation, alongside the use of other additives such as antibacterials or new and more sustainable plasticizers. Some studies analyze direct applications, such as shape memory foams, new cartilage implants, drug release, etc.The reader can find several studies on the degradation of biodegradable polymers under composting conditions; however, novel bacteria that degrade polymers considered non-biodegradable in other, unusual conditions (such as conditions of high salinity) are also presented
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9783036573496 , 9783036573489
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: The recycling of asphalt mixtures has significant contributions towards the reduction in greenhouse gases, pollution, natural resources, and energy consumption. Sustainable road materials and technologies can provide a powerful boost to “carbon-neutral strategies”, and so it is crucial to continue moving towards improving these technologies and theories.This Special Issue includes new findings in the field of regenerated asphalt mixtures, including the high-content regeneration of RAP, cold recycling technologies, regenerated mechanisms, eco-regenerating agents, and anti-aged materials. Additionally, novel materials, fast maintenance technologies, and functional materials are also addressed in this Special Issue, such as bio-asphalt materials, intelligent transportation, self-healing technologies, solid waste resource applications, numerical simulations, smart road materials and technologies, etc
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  • 40
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573281 , 9783036573298
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This Special Issue covers current and relevant information about the applied anatomy of domestic animals, new companion animals and wild animals. It includes recent research and review articles on diverse topics based on the use of different diagnostic imaging techniques and more classic anatomical methods, providing a deeper insight into the healthy anatomy of diverse structures, which is crucial in high-quality medicine
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9783036574271 , 9783036574264
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Transport technology & trades
    Abstract: This reprint contains the most recent research in pavement engineering, which mainly addresses the performance-related properties of asphalt mixtures. We hope that this reprint is helpful for researchers and pavement industries to generate a better and deeper understanding of pavement materials, pavement construction, and pavement maintenance
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  • 42
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575230 , 9783036575223
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Inorganic chemistry
    Abstract: In recent years, inorganic oxidic nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for their outstanding properties that allow their use within a large variety of raising fields of interest, ranging from (photo)catalysis to the development of functional nanocomposites. Nanoscopic metal (eventually mixed) oxides are often fabricated following soft-chemistry approaches, characterized by the possibility of favouring specific morphologies, particles dimensions, and surface porosities through different synthetic methods and templating processes. In this context, surface functionalities and reactivity play a major role in the determination of nanomaterials final properties. For this reason, further surface functionalization with specific chemical moieties is often recommended to extend their field of application. This Special Issue, now edited as a book, aimed at extending the comprehension of the mechanisms involved in the synthesis and templating of inorganic oxidic nanomaterials, as well as in their surface functionalization and reactivity. Additionally, this Special Issue aimed at increasing the knowledge on the latest advances of these systems in (photo)catalysis, environmental clean-up processes, energy storage, controlled transport and/or release, biomedicine, sensing, development of smart-materials, stimuli-responsive materials, and nanocomposites. Nanomaterials of interest included: silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, zinc oxide, aluminosilicates, iron oxides, perovskites and titanates, rare earth oxides, and composites. Furthermore, particular attention was dedicated toward studies describing alternative ecofriendly preparation methods
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  • 43
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573670 , 9783036573663
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Dear Colleagues,Many structural metal materials work under the coupling condition of the load and corrosion environment. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the corrosion and mechanical behavior of metal structural materials. The corrosion behaviors of metals under the coupling condition of the mechanics and corrosion environment mainly include stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking, corrosion fatigue, erosion corrosion, wear corrosion, etc. From the macroscopic or microscopic point of view, these corrosion damages all involve the fracture process, and fractures are caused by environmental factors, also known as environmental fractures. Thus, this Special Issue, ”Corrosion and Mechanical Behavior of Metal Materials”, will focus on the environmental fracture behavior of metal materials, including but not limited to experimental, computational, or theoretical studies on environmental corrosion fracture of high-strength metal materials
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  • 44
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573069 , 9783036573076
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The subject of this reprint covers the latest research in the field of wind energy methods and technologies. The results of work on modeling and optimization of wind turbines, their location, methods of monitoring and diagnostics, and development prospects were presented. Contemporary problems, dangers and risks in the field of wind engineering were also pointed out
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9783036571874 , 9783036571867
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Traditional wood composites are produced with synthetic, formaldehyde-based adhesives, commonly made from fossil-derived constituents, such as urea, phenol, melamine, etc. Along with their undisputable advantages, these adhesives are characterized by certain problems, connected with the emission of hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including free formaldehyde emission from the finished wood composites, which is carcinogenic to humans and harmful to the environment. The growing environmental concerns, connected with the adoption of circular economy principles, and the new, stricter legislative requirements for the emission of harmful VOCs, e.g., free formaldehyde, from wood composites, have posed new challenges to researchers and industrial practice, related to the development of sustainable, eco-friendly wood composites, optimization of the available lignocellulosic raw materials, and use of alternative resources. This reprint presents a collection of 10 high-quality original research and review papers providing examples of the most recent advances and technological developments in the fabrication, design, characteristics, and applications of eco-friendly wood and wood-based composites
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571423 , 9783036571430
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the application of groundwater models developed with the aim of optimizing the management of water resources in urban environments, coastal areas, karst aquifers, and riparian zones, among other environments. The testing of innovative techniques applied to traditional models, including machine learning techniques, is of particular interest. Special attention is given to the application of tools for the evaluation of climate change effects on groundwater
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9783036571997 , 9783036571980
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: The scope of this reprint, entitled “Emerging Protein Sources for Food Production and Human Nutrition”, encompasses the latest advancements in analytics and the application of new methods in the processing of proteins, both plant and animal, as well as methods of producing and testing foods enriched with these proteins
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  • 48
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561554 , 9783036561561
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (458 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Abstract: The delicate balance of resource intensity and efficiency of a solution for a very complex problem raises the issue of how these aspects constitute a symmetrical or asymmetrical system. Computational Intelligence (CI) offers a plethora of efficient tools for the potential and rather good quality solution of highly complex, often mathematically intractable problems. This "toolbox" is one of the best examples for the study of the above mentioned issue, namely, how to find the best balance, how to establish a symmetry of weights or costs in a particular field, for a particular problem. This special issue presents a number of interesting novel applications of CI for the tackling of a wide variety of difficult problems. The Introduction gives a short insight into the symmetry and asymmetry aspect of the topic
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9783036572086 , 9783036572093
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (652 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science ; Probability & statistics
    Abstract: The forest, as the main body of the terrestrial ecosystem, has a huge carbon sink function and plays an important role in coping with global climate change. This reprint on “Monitoring forest carbon sequestration with remote sensing” mainly focuses on new remote sensing theories, methods, and technologies for monitoring carbon sinks in forest ecosystems (including urban forest ecosystems)
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  • 50
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572949 , 9783036572956
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (564 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Agricultural productivity should increase to meet the growing food demand. Tillage is defined as the mechanical manipulation of agricultural soil, and it is an extremely vital part of crop production, particularly for seedbed preparation and weed control. Tillage operations are carried out using mechanical force, commonly with a tractor-drawn tool to achieve the cutting, inversion, pulverization, and disturbance of soil. A significant part of the energy (from fossil fuels) used in crop production is expended in tillage. This energy use results in greenhouse gas emissions. It is essential that we reduce energy use (hence, greenhouse gas emissions) to achieve sustainable farming practices and improve crop production and design new tillage tools or optimize the existing tools. Although the design and evaluation of tillage tools are generally carried out using analytical methods and field experiments, with recent technological improvements, computer technology has been used for the design and evaluation of tillage tools. Additionally, sensor technology can improve the efficiency of tillage tools. This Special Issue collated innovative papers that make a significant contribution to the design and application of agricultural equipment in tillage systems. It involved original research and review papers from different research fields, such as agricultural engineering, engineering simulation, and precision agriculture
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  • 51
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566948 , 9783036566955
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: This reprint presents some of the selected works presented during the 5th Mexican Workshop on Fractional Calculus on October 5-7, 2022, hosted by the Tecnológico de Monterrey in Nuevo León. The works correspond to those recent proposals and applications on fractional calculus carried out in Mexico or by Latin American researchers related in one way or another to this country. Unfortunately, some of the papers we discussed during these three days of complete (not fractional) immersion in the non-integer operators were disregarded from this reprint, not because of their quality or relevance but due to reasons out of the academic domain. It is also worth mentioning that students of all levels, practitioners, and researchers attending this workshop participated in great critical discussions in every single session, including tutorials, plenary talks, accepted talks, and—not the least relevant to science—coffee breaks
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  • 52
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572369 , 9783036572376
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: This book, entitled “Microbial Diseases of Marine Organisms”, was conceived to raise awareness of threats to the sustainability of marine environments that we are increasingly facing today and are caused by various human activities. Each marine organism plays a unique role in the marine ecosystem, regardless of whether it is prey or predator or its status in the food chain. Microorganisms such as protists, bacteria, fungi, and viruses mostly share mutually beneficial symbiotic relationships, with their hosts. However, environmental changes, including climate change, which are mostly induced by anthropogenic impacts, can affect these relationships and consequently influence the health, welfare, physiology, and ecology of marine organisms and environments. Many microorganisms have exhibited changes in nature and have been reported as causes of diseases or mortality of marine organisms. These disease outbreaks may lead to declines in the host populations, resulting in changes in diversity and imbalances in marine environments
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  • 53
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571324 , 9783036571331
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The effects of nutrition on chronic conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and stroke, continue to generate interest among researchers. This is because diet is a modifiable risk factor. The composition of diet, including the proportions and types of macronutrients and micronutrients, is a major contributor to chronic diseases. The beneficial effects of nutritional interventions on chronic conditions have been well documented, although differences remain among researchers concerning their overall impact. The evaluations of the role of nutrition in chronic conditions draw on diet’s effects on body weight, body composition, glycemic, and insulin excursions, and vascular remodeling. The effect of diet in modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis is also an evolving area of research. This reprint, entitled “Nutrition in Chronic Conditions”, aims to examine the effect of nutrition in the development, care, and management of chronic conditions. This reprint includes 11 original studies conducted in high- and middle-income countries, 3 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, and 3 literature reviews. The topics covered in the reprint include: the effects of diet on (1) insulin and glucose metabolism; (2) gut health; (3) brain and cognitive impairment; (4) infections, chronic conditions, malnutrition, and all-cause mortality; (5) obesity and dietary variables in post-menopausal women; (6) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice, specifically with the consumption of coffee; and (7) chronic conditions and COVID-19 infection
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  • 54
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571645 , 9783036571652
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Coins, banknotes, medals, seals (numismatics)
    Abstract: We invite you to read the Special Issue on The Financial Industry 4.0. It is a collection of 13 articles published in a Special Issue of International Journal of Financial Studies (MDPI) in 2020-2022. The main emphasis of this reprint is on The Financial Industry 4.0 to provide insightful understanding about the benefits as well as the challenges that financial institutions are facing under the Industry 4.0 era. The articles in this Special Issue discussed the potential of blockchain technology, the impact of fintech on financial inclusion in developing countries, the role of fintech in the insurance industry, and so on. It highlights the benefits of fintech, such as improved efficiency, accuracy, and customer experience, but also notes the challenges and risks involved, such as data privacy and security concerns. Collaboration between financial institutions, regulators, and technology firms is seen as necessary to promote innovation and ensure the stability and security of the financial system while addressing the challenges and risks associated with fintech
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  • 55
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572765 , 9783036572772
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Today, a great variety of contraceptive techniques are available to women; this, coupled with improving the educational levels of female children and adults, is hastening a decline in fertility and consequently, population growth. With the advent of sustained fertility rates lower than replacement levels in many countries, including China and India, we are already witnessing major economic, social, environmental, and geopolitical consequences. Given this situation, today, the promotion of the use of contraception means improving health, not demography, placing emphasis on individuals and not just on methods alone; on the quality of services, and not simply on availability. Indeed, there is an increasing awareness that contraception can help women reduce health risks that are associated with reproductive events and specifically, with unwanted pregnancies. This means that, no matter how ideal a method may be from a purely scientific viewpoint, it must be submitted to the free, decision-making of well-informed women. To contribute to this new user-centric perspective, this reprint presents a series of articles in which technology is considered withing the broader concept of women’s health. Five articles deal with issues related to the users’ and providers’ perspectives; three discuss a modality that is receiving increasing attention, the so-called Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC); and the last three contributions highlight the new advances in oral hormonal contraception
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  • 56
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572345 , 9783036572352
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Radiofrequency (RF) heating has been identified as one potential thermal treatment method with which to replace chemical fumigation and other conventional thermal methods because it is relatively easy to apply and leaves no chemical residues. RF equipment is commercially available today and is commonly used by the baking industry for the final drying of crackers, as well as by other industries. It involves the direct transfer of electromagnetic energy into bulk materials, providing fast and volumetric heating. This Special Issue aims to focus on recent developments in and applications of RF heating in food processing, such as disinfestation, drying, pasteurization, sterilization, temping, and thawing. This Special Issue will provide major methods, research strategies, and protocols used in the development of environmentally friendly food processes based on RF energy
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  • 57
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573847 , 9783036573854
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins threaten plant and animal health and cause economic losses. This book focuses on the recent research progress into pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins in China. The molecular mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis and pathogenic fungi growth and development are reported from the perspectives of transcription regulation, histone modification and enzymes, providing a theoretical basis for discovering new control targets. This Special Issue not only includes a review about the microbial degradation of mycotoxins, but also discusses several new chemical and biological methods which inhibit the biosynthesis of mycotoxin. Special attention is also given to the effect of nutrition on the production of mycotoxins. Some papers have also been collected about detection assays and the risk assessments of mycotoxins. The fundamental and applied research into mycotoxins is not only of particular interest but is also important for reducing economic losses
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9783036571003 , 9783036571010
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The goal of this Special Issue is to disseminate emerging techniques and innovative solutions that comprehensively address unmet needs in cardiovascular disease and can be rapidly translated into the clinical arena in order to significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and precision in treatment delivery, as well as to enhance therapy guidance and procedural success. The volume includes research contributions from cross-disciplinary scientists and professionals who work in the cardiovascular field at the interface of basic and translational research, clinical practice, medical (bio)physics, engineering, mathematics, and computer science. Several compelling contributions are focused on the development of advanced techniques in cardiovascular imaging (MRI, CT, ultrasound, optics) to investigate structure–function interaction and identify pathology, image analysis (e.g. registration, segmentation, visualization), deep-learning/AI classification methods to better characterize tissue and physiological signals, novel preclinical experimental models and clinical approaches employed in electro-anatomical mapping and image-aided therapies (e.g., cardiac ablation, resynchronization), as well as innovative interventional procedures for vascular applications
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9783036570389 , 9783036570396
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Abstract: Computational Intelligence (CI) is the theory, design, application, and development of biologically and linguistically motivated computational paradigms. Traditionally, the three main pillars of CI have been neural networks, fuzzy systems, and evolutionary computation. However, in time, many nature-inspired computing paradigms have evolved. Thus, CI is an evolving field, and, at present, in addition to the three main constituents, it encompasses computing paradigms such as ambient intelligence, artificial life, cultural learning, artificial endocrine networks, social reasoning, and artificial hormone networks. CI plays a major role in developing successful intelligent systems, including games and cognitive developmental systems. Over the last few years, there has been an explosion of research on deep learning, specifically deep convolutional neural networks, and deep learning has become the core method for artificial intelligence. In fact, some of the most successful AI systems today are based on CI. Therefore, this reprint focuses on the theoretical study of computational intelligence and its applications
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582139 , 9783036582122
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This book is a reprint of the Special Issue Emerging Micro Manufacturing Technologies and Applications that was published in Micromachines. It contains eleven articles, including one Editorial, nine research papers, and one review
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584058 , 9783036584041
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics ; Pollution control
    Abstract: This reprint brings together articles that have investigated certain aspects of phytoremediation or that have tested new methodologies related to this technique, helping to broaden the horizon of knowledge on a subject that is so important today
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9783036576046 , 9783036576053
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on recent advancements, technical challenges, and novel design methodologies for the energy manufacturing system, including energy management, green manufacturing, sustainable manufacturing, energy saving in manufacturing systems, the operation and maintenance of power generation, prognostics and health management of power systems, and so on. With the increasing attention paid to sustainable development around the world, improving energy efficiency and applying effective means of energy saving have gradually received worldwide attention. As the largest energy consumers, manufacturing industries also inevitably face pressures on energy optimization evolution from both governments and competitors. The rational optimization of energy consumption in industrial operation activities can significantly improve the sustainability level of an entire company
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  • 63
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578880 , 9783036578897
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (576 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Conservation of buildings & building materials
    Abstract: This reprint was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of this topic, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of materials testing in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in elements and structures using destructive, semidestructive, and nondestructive testing
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583112 , 9783036583105
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: This Special Issue covers a well-balanced collection of state-of-the-art topics in the prospering and competitive field of anticancer drug design and development, which can address and inspire oncologists, biologists, and medicinal chemists among the readership of this journal
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  • 65
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580746 , 9783036580753
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: The scope of this Special Issue focuses on the formation of the structure of light alloys, (particularly on an aluminum base) during solidification, deformation, and heat treatment and its relationship with mechanical and technological properties. The design of light alloys (including composite materials) based on experimental and theoretical studies is also considered. The Special Issue contains 11 papers, including 10 research papers and 1 review (on the asymmetric (hot, warm, cold, and cryo) rolling of light alloys)
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  • 66
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581385 , 9783036581392
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Abstract: This reprint highlights the importance of Deep Learning (DL), which has garnered significant attention in science, industry, and academia. It draws inspiration from the functioning of the human brain and the concept of learning. Unlike traditional and machine learning methods, deep learning techniques emulate the human brain's neural networks at a lower scale, allowing them to process and analyze substantial quantities of unstructured data. The remarkable proficiency of deep learning in unveiling intricate structures within extensive datasets genuinely resembles the extraordinary aptitude of the brain to recognize patterns and form complex connections. This unique characteristic allows DL to excel in modeling and solving complex problems across various scientific and technological fields. Just as the brain learns from experience, DL architectures learn through algorithms from data by adjusting numerous parameters during training to optimize their performance and accuracy. This concept of learning and adaptation is fundamental to DL's success. This reprint serves as an excellent opportunity to disseminate current knowledge beyond academic boundaries, reaching a diverse audience encompassing academics, professionals, and the general public. This wide readership fosters the potential for meaningful connections to established projects and the cultivation of collaboration for future research endeavors
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  • 67
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580227 , 9783036580234
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Applied computing and artificial intelligence methods have attracted a growing interest in recent years due to their effectiveness at solving technical problems. Recent developments in applied mathematics have largely led to benefits for industrial tasks in different fields, including the aerospace industry, manufacturing, transportation, energy, robotics, materials, informatics, etc. The objective of this Special Issue is to present advanced methods in applied computing and artificial intelligence to address the practical challenges in the related areas. The response of the scientific community has been remarkable, and a large number of papers have been submitted. After a careful peer-review process, 22 high-quality papers have been accepted and published. It is hoped that the papers will have an impact on international scholars in this field and promote further remarkable research in this area
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9783036581408 , 9783036581415
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the biomimetic and bioinspired developments based on the biomechanical and morphological studies of plants and animals. The articles cover basic research in biology, the modeling of functional principles and the transfer into bioinspired materials systems, as well as hands-on models for teaching and education
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  • 69
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    ISBN: 9783036580159 , 9783036580142
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Inorganic chemistry
    Abstract: The following reprint is based on the discussions initiated at the 28th International Conference on Coordination and Bioinorganic Chemistry (ICCBIC), which was held between 5 and 10 June 2022 at Smolenice Castle, Slovakia. As is apparent, this year's ICCBIC established a partnership with the MDPI publishing house. Therefore, we invite you to form a picture of the spirit of the conference by reading this reprint version of Special Issue of Inorganics, which is devoted to this conference. In total, ten contributions were submitted, of which eight are original papers and two are perspectives
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    ISBN: 9783036578125 , 9783036578132
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Regarding the increasing use of nanomaterials in almost every area of our daily life, toxicological risk assessment is one of the major requirements for their safe handling. Especially at workplaces, inhalation is the major route of exposure and potential toxicity, and effects on the lung need to be considered. Furthermore, neurotoxicity associated with exposure to nanomaterials is a growing field of scientific investigation. However, not every single nanomaterial can be assessed in long-term animal inhalation studies, due to limited resources as well as political and societal efforts to reduce animal experiments according to the 3R principles. Thus, during the last few years, significant efforts have been dedicated to grouping nanomaterials, mainly based on advanced in vitro models. These new approach methodologies (NAMs) include detailed characterization of the respective materials in physiologically relevant media, but also more realistic exposure systems, such as co-cultures, also at the air–liquid interface, combined with comprehensive cellular investigations that provide quite detailed toxicological profiles. Thus, nanoparticles show differences in toxicity depending on their size, surface reactivity, and dissolution kinetics. Adverse cellular effects include inflammation, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and epigenetic alterations. This Special Issue aims to highlight the recent advances in the mechanisms of nanomaterial toxicity, as well as the approaches for risk assessment, linking nanoparticle characteristics as well as in vitro toxicity to in vivo observations for advanced risk assessment
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    ISBN: 9783036581569 , 9783036581576
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (462 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: This Special Issue of Cancers contains research and review articles on “PARPs, PAR and NAD metabolism and their inhibitors in Cancer”. It focuses on selected papers from the PARP2019 conference on “New Avenues in Basic and Translational PARP research”, that took place in Budapest (Hungary), on 20–23 May 2019
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    ISBN: 9783036573984 , 9783036573991
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Light is an essential factor for the growth and quality of horticultural plants and its effects depend upon parameters such as duration, intensity and quality. It is an energy source for photosynthesis as well as a signal triggering plant photomorphogenesis and physiological, biochemical and molecular responses. However, solar light strongly differs between winter and summer conditions, with excess light in open field cultivations imposing severe stress on plants, especially during summer months, while supplementary light sources are implemented in greenhouse crop production to complement natural light when it is insufficient. On the other hand, artificial lighting is used as the sole lighting source in plant factories and nurseries (i.e., healing chambers, plant tissue culture). In order to enhance sustainability and profitability, light must be studied and efficiently applied within horticultural crop production. Novel technologies such as light-emitting diodes, new transparent greenhouse covering materials, photoselective nettings, growth chambers and plant factories showcase the critical role of light interacting with plants from the level of seed germination to growth rate, product quality and postharvest storage. This Special Issue focuses on recent findings in horticultural crops with regard to light characteristics (i.e., quality, quantity etc.) presented as research papers, short communications and review articles
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    ISBN: 9783036581187 , 9783036581194
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Education
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on STEM education and measures (teaching tools and research practices) taken to combat the learning gaps in STEM education in the post-pandemic era. Contributions were collected from researchers engaged in STEM education research, including the methods, pedagogical approaches, and environments they utilize in the post-pandemic era
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9783036579689 , 9783036579696
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies
    Abstract: The digital economy has significantly impacted countries throughout the world by contributing to the growth of the economy and the further progress of societies. Recent developments demonstrate that the information and innovation-driven era triggered integration of traditional activities and digital technologies. Moreover, the rise of innovation has been accelerating in emerging industries such as cleantech, the new generation of information technology, biotechnology, and high-end equipment manufacturing. The estimations provided by the World Economic Forum predict that “new value creation over the next decade will be based on digitally enabled platform business models”. Therefore, organizations must change the traditional approaches adopted and capture value in the context of digital disruptions. These tendencies raise a number of management challenges that need to be solved by the efforts of the scientific community. Therefore, this Special Issue provides the platform for a fruitful discussion and the development of relevant theories
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9783036581163 , 9783036581170
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Clinical & internal medicine
    Abstract: Thrombosis is a pathophysiological phenomenon observed in acute and chronic coronary syndrome, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Exposure of the Tissue Factor (TF) to flowing blood is followed to its binding to other coagulation factors leading to thrombin formation. Together with platelet activation, TF ultimately promotes thrombus formation. Recent advances in platelet pathophysiology have shown that these cells are able to regulate their gene/protein expression, engage in de novo protein synthesis, and release different mediators that may interfere with different cell functions. Several clinical trials have clearly shown the efficacy of anticoagulation and/or anti-platelet aggregation in different thrombotic disorders. Real-world practice clearly indicates that antithrombotic strategies need to be personalized according to patient characteristics. The combination of multiple antithrombotic drugs represents a challenging scenario and was the focus of multiple recent randomized controlled trials, with more still to come. As knowledge about platelets and the coagulation system has substantially evolved within the last few years, so should our approach to antithrombotic treatment; focused on current hurdles of antithrombotic treatments in patients with cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, starting from the molecular mechanisms involved, proposing practical solutions to compelling clinical scenarios using a pathophysiology-oriented approach on the basis of current clinical evidence
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581248 , 9783036581255
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: One of the most important aspects of the engineering assessment of the technical condition of structures and materials is the ability to assess the fatigue behavior of materials and structures. In addition, another important topic is the design of materials or structures that can resist fatigue and fracture. Modern science provides us with an increasing number of new materials, from superalloys of metals manufactured conventionally as well as via additive manufacturing to functionally advanced composites. Against this background, fundamental knowledge of the fatigue behavior and fracture mechanics of different material groups provides a convenient platform for communication between different interested groups and fields: from material science, numerical engineering and mathematical modeling to hybrid methods for fatigue life prediction. This Special Issue facilitates such an exchange of ideas on recent developments in the field of fatigue and fracture and is especially focused on fatigue crack growth analysis, the description of fatigue damage in metals and composites, probabilistic approaches and fracture mechanics analysis, as well as fatigue failure analysis and lifetime prediction
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    ISBN: 9783036583143 , 9783036583150
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: The Special Issue “Laser Technologies in Metal-Based Materials” offers a harmonious presentation of the recent achievements in the field of laser-induced physical and chemical phenomena that have evolved into laser techniques to produce diverse functional metal materials and structures. The presented results provide new ideas for researchers, and new solutions for science-consuming manufacturing and industry
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    ISBN: 9783036583679 , 9783036583662
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: This volume presents eleven original and experimental research studies and review works on current challenges and trends in magnetic materials, thin films, and nanostructures, with a special focus on the design, synthesis, and characterization of various types of magnetic materials, and the study of their structure–property relationships. The developments in new experimental concepts and their state-of-the-art results, which can lead to the transfer, chemical transformation, and high-resolution patterning of advanced thin films and nanomaterials and to the design and fabrication of devices, are also presented and discussed
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    ISBN: 9783036581972 , 9783036581965
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mechanical engineering & materials
    Abstract: Two-phase gas–liquid flows are frequently encountered in the energy, nuclear, chemical, geothermal, oil and gas and refrigeration industries. Two-phase gas–liquid flows can occur in various forms, such as flows transitioning from pure liquid to vapor as a result of external heating, separated flows behind a flow's sudden expansion or constriction, dispersed two-phase flows where the dispersed phase is present in the form of liquid droplets, or gas bubbles in a continuous carrier fluid phase (i.e. gas or liquid). Typically, such flows are turbulent with a considerable interfacial interaction between the carrier fluid and the dispersed phases. The interfacial heat and mass transfer is very important in the modeling of such flows. The variety of flow regimes significantly complicates the theoretical prediction of hydrodynamics of the two-phase flow. It requires the application of numerous hypotheses, assumptions, and approximations. Often, the complexity of flow structures makes it impossible to theoretically describe its behavior, and so empirical data are applied instead. The correct simulation of two-phase gas–liquid flows is of great importance for safety's sake and the prediction of energy equipment elements
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    ISBN: 9783036581361 , 9783036581378
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a well-known, cytoprotective enzyme, responsible for the enzymatic conversion of heme into the anti-apoptotic and antioxidant by-products, biliverdin, bilirubin and carbon monoxide. However, HO-1 also regulates responses via mechanisms that are independent of the generation of heme degradation products. The current Special Issue contains research and review articles on the effect of heme oxygenase on immune-related cellular and physiological cascades and functions including effects on innate immunity, adaptive immunity, inflammation and complement activation. A description of the role of HO-1 in immune regulation directly or via its by-products is depicted on various forms of infection, viral and bacterial, immune-mediated injury such as renal injury, allergic airway inflammation, cancer and metabolism. Thus, the current Special Issue aims to serve as a detailed, analytical and up-to-date guide of the recent advances on the immunomodulatory properties of HO-1
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9783036582221 , 9783036582238
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (662 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Cities are widely recognized as environments which can present risks to humans. Risks to health and well-being are measured in three groups of indices: physiological, emotional, and cognitive. The environmental factors discussed in studies include physical factors such as noise, heat load, and air pollution, and social factors include feelings of discomfort, crime, transportation, and access to health services. Some studies even argue that stress and health risks are intrinsic to urban environments and that restoration is intrinsic to green environments. This Topic aims to discuss what spaces can be greened and the effect this has on urban environments. It also discusses the effect of the size and layout of parks, vegetation on the walls and roofs of houses, and the effects of different types of vegetation, building materials, and energy-efficient design. Today’s environment demands new design processes, construction techniques, occupancy practices, and management strategies to increase the resilience of the built environment to extreme, uncontrollable, and unpredictable events while providing healthy and sustainable environments for people. This Topic reflects on what the new concept of sustainability for the built environment should be and how to guide new research directions
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9783036582696 , 9783036582689
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This Special Issue is dedicated to collating recent research on the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and Antarctica Peninsula region. This Issue also considers the spreading of Antarctic Bottom Water. Papers in this issue are focused on field research of the physical properties and ecology of this key region of the Southern Ocean. The main objects of the study are the properties of seawater, currents, ecosystems, and biological communities in the South Atlantic, the Powell Basin of the northwestern Weddell Sea, the Bransfield Strait, and the Antarctic Sound. The Antarctic marine ecosystem is unique in terms of its biodiversity and high productivity of the basic trophic levels of the ecosystem. This ecosystem is efficiently used by organisms such as seabirds, seals, and whales that feed on Antarctic krill
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9783036582245 , 9783036582252
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (634 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Cities are widely recognized as environments which can present risks to humans. Risks to health and well-being are measured in three groups of indices: physiological, emotional, and cognitive. The environmental factors discussed in studies include physical factors such as noise, heat load, and air pollution, and social factors include feelings of discomfort, crime, transportation, and access to health services. Some studies even argue that stress and health risks are intrinsic to urban environments and that restoration is intrinsic to green environments. This Topic aims to discuss what spaces can be greened and the effect this has on urban environments. It also discusses the effect of the size and layout of parks, vegetation on the walls and roofs of houses, and the effects of different types of vegetation, building materials, and energy-efficient design. Today’s environment demands new design processes, construction techniques, occupancy practices, and management strategies to increase the resilience of the built environment to extreme, uncontrollable, and unpredictable events while providing healthy and sustainable environments for people. This Topic reflects on what the new concept of sustainability for the built environment should be and how to guide new research directions
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    ISBN: 9783036581606 , 9783036581613
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (370 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Rural development is an essential constituent of the global economy. However, within agriculture, a decrease in the quantity and quality of crop harvest and livestock productivity is observed due to a deterioration in soil fertility, environment, and irrational use of natural resources. At the same time, agricultural areas are under pressure from population growth, requiring more food production. As a result, it encourages people to move into intact primary areas in order to increase the area of crops, pastures, etc., which leads to the destruction of natural diversity. The solution to avoid disaster is increasing agricultural production efficiency to expand crop harvest and livestock productivity without deteriorating quality. It requires introducing innovative engineering technologies to agriculture. Fortunately, technology is developing rapidly nowadays, and new driving scientific forces are emerging. The Special Issue collected high-quality research and review articles from academics and industry-related researchers in the areas of Agricultural Engineering covering the following topics: harvesting and planting crops, livestock production, livestock and agrofood waste utilization, seed treatment and transportation, water treatment, agricultural robotic applications, solutions for digital and precision agriculture, hardware and software support for pest and weed control, machine learning, energy efficiency and conservation in agriculture
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581323 , 9783036581330
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Film, TV & radio
    Abstract: During the last several decades, the creative and cultural industries (CCIs) have increasingly been recognized for their role in local, regional, national and supranational economies; as drivers of economic growth, development and regeneration; and for their social and cultural impact on well-being, place-making, inclusion, sustainability, diversity and culture. On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis has exposed the fragility and precarity of an industry dominated by micro-businesses and freelance and informal work practices, as well as having few tangible assets, calling into question the sustainability of economic models based on a high level of precarity in labor practices. This has led to some efforts (by governments and public bodies) to protect the industry from the pandemic’s impact. At the same time, lockdowns have also highlighted the importance of creative activity in maintaining individual well-being and community resilience as well as the innovative potential of the industry.In this context, this Special Issue addresses the broader research field of CCIs and its various subsectors, from media, arts, design, and more, as well as its role in developing pathways towards sustainability, resilience and recovery. This Special issue presents original research and the latest advances in both theoretical and practical approaches
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9783036581484 , 9783036581491
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (452 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Abstract: Advanced intelligent control is a rapidly developing, complex and challenging field with significant practical importance and potential applications. The authors aim to stimulate advancements in science and technology by addressing this field and presenting new trends in the design, control and applications of real-time intelligent sensor system control using advanced intelligent control methods and techniques. The purpose of the Special Issue is to promote in-depth research and communication regarding these topics. The authors focus on innovative multi-sensor fusion techniques integrated into robots, which are combined with computer vision, virtual and augmented reality (VR&AR) and intelligent communication including remote control, adaptive sensor networks and human–robot (H2R) interaction systems. Special attention is given to advancements in sensors, actuators, computation technology and communication networks that provide the necessary tools for implementing intelligent control hardware. These advancements are targeted toward various scientific research fields, including machine learning (such as deep learning), bio-inspired algorithms, recurrent neural networks, neuro-fuzzy control and artificial intelligence in general. The Special Issue includes original research papers that report on the recent advancements in intelligent control using intelligent sensors. It serves as a further extension of the previously successful Special Issue, “Advanced Intelligent Control through Versatile Intelligent Portable Platforms”
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    ISBN: 9783036580661 , 9783036580678
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: The plant kingdom, with its terrestrial and marine natural products, has been widely explored. Plant-based products have long been used to prevent and treat various ailments. Many natural compounds have been reported to have a variety of interesting and significant biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, analgesic, antidiabetic, anti-atherogenic, and antiproliferative, as well as cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties. Therefore, researchers pay special attention to the bioactive compounds synthesized by plants. Opportunities in functional ingredients and treatment of NCDs (oxidative stress, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.) are widely explored. However, many therapeutic properties of plants are still to be discovered. This Special Issue reprint intends to substantially contribute to our knowledge of their beneficial properties. Natural products could be a vast resource in respect of human well-being improvement. This Special Issue reprint also aims to disseminate some of the most recent and significant contributions in natural product research on phytochemicals and biological activity
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580104 , 9783036580111
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The externalization of animals’ genetic potential is determined by a number of external factors, of which feeding plays a major role. Animals’ nourishment is one of the most important levers to ensure the efficiency of animal production due to both the high share of feed costs in the total cost of products and the influence this has on the growth, reproduction, and health of animals as well as the quality of products obtained from these. This field is one of the most dynamic in the field of husbandry sciences due to the takeover and permanent use of numerous results obtained from research on energy metabolism and nutrients related to the composition of feed and its influence on animal products. This is also due to the great advances in genetics, which create new types of animals with increasing productive potential, but also with different food requirements. This Special Issue collated innovative papers on animal nutrition, physiology, chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, reproduction, and breeding technologies. The articles covered a wide range of topics related to feed quality, the influence of food on the production level, the quality of production, and also on animals’ health
    Note: English
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9783036581941 , 9783036581958
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: The impressive progress in commercially available computers nowadays allows the solving of complicated mathematical problems in many scientific and technical fields. This revolution has created a surge in chemical engineering science. More sophisticated approaches to catalysis, kinetics, reactor design and simulation have been developed thanks to the powerful new calculation methods available. It is well known that many chemical reactions of great interest for industrial processes and conducted on a large scale need information ranging from thermodynamics to kinetics and transport phenomena related to mass, energy and momentum. For a reliable industrial-scale reactor design, all of this information must be employed into appropriate equations and mathematical models that allow for accurate and reliable simulations for scale-up purposes. A challenge is to collect, in a measurable volume, the main advances and trends in the field of industrial chemistry thanks to the contributions of some pioneers of scientific and technological progress. We can achieve this by reviewing their past activity in the field, or providing, through original manuscripts, examples of the modern approach to the investigation of industrial chemistry reactions
    Note: English
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581309 , 9783036581316
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on applying remote sensing techniques in watersheds in terms of hydrology, ecology, environment, and human activities. It aims to contribute to the current understanding of integrating research scopes and developing advanced methods in the field of remote sensing of watershed. The development of the multiscalar, multidimensional, and interdisciplinary nature of the application of remote sensing in watershed studies is of particular interest. Special attention is given to watershed mapping, monitoring of underlying surface elements in the watershed, inversion of water cycle parameters, water resource assessment, acquisition of watershed ecological environment parameters, monitoring natural disasters, analyzing upstream and downstream, supporting water governance priorities, water resource development, and irrigation water management. The studies propose a series of advanced data, models, and strategies to serve watershed research better
    Note: English
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582085 , 9783036582092
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: In recent years, applied marine sciences and engineering has attracted worldwide attention, which includes basic theoretical research and applied research on marine hydrology, meteorology, physics and geology. Besides, new viewpoints, new developments, new theories, new methods, new applications and new experiences of investigation, research and management in the marine environment and big data, ocean and coastal engineering, marine/coastal disaster and risk assessment, river dynamics, marine ecological environment, marine instruments and equipment, etc. are also included. This Special Issue aims to address the recent advances in marine environmental information and the application of marine environmental information
    Note: English
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575582 , 9783036575599
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (402 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: This reprint of the Special Issue "Advances in Plant Taxonomy and Systematics", includes an Editorial and fifteen high-quality papers published between April 2022 and April 2023 by global researchers. This collection addresses scholars and students interested in current progresses in taxonomy and systematics, which are crucial for all plant applications
    Note: English
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579894 , 9783036579887
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The fields of quantum electronics (e.g., quantum dots and superconducting circuits) and optoelectronics have garnered much interest in the past few years. They deal with quantum and optical platforms in combination with electronic and condensed matter systems, which may serve as building blocks for a plethora of applications in quantum computing and optical technology.In this reprint, we reprint the articles of the Special Issue "Quantum and Optoelectronic Devices, Circuits and Systems", published in Electronics (MDPI)
    Note: English
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9783036572628 , 9783036572635
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (556 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Abstract: The present reprint contains 33 articles accepted and published in the Special Issue entitled “Advancement of Mathematical Methods in Feature Representation Learning for Artificial Intelligence, Data Mining and Robotics, 2022” in the MDPI journal, Mathematics, which covers a wide range of topics connected to the theory and applications of feature representation learning for image processing, artificial intelligence, data mining and robotics. These topics include, among others, elements from image blurring, image aesthetic quality assessment, pedestrian detection, visual tracking, vehicle re-identification, face recognition, 3D reconstruction, the stability of switched systems, domain adaption, deep reinforcement, sentiment analysis, graph convolutional networks, knowledge graphs, geometric metric learning, etc. It is hoped that this reprint will be interesting and useful for those working in the area of image processing, computer vision, machine learning, natural language processing and robotics, as well as for those with backgrounds in machine learning who are willing to become familiar with recent advancements in artificial intelligence, which, today, is present in almost all aspects of human life and activities
    Note: English
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575544 , 9783036575551
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Medical equipment & techniques
    Abstract: Human activity recognition (HAR) and human behavior recognition (HBR) play increasingly important roles in the digital age. High-quality sensory observations applicable to recognizing users’ activities and behaviors, including electrical, magnetic, mechanical (kinetic), optical, acoustic, thermal, and chemical biosignals, are inseparable from sensors’ sophisticated design and appropriate application. Traditional sensors suitable for HAR and HBR, including external sensors for smart homes, optical sensors such as cameras for capturing video signals, and bioelectrical, biomagnetic, and biomechanical sensors for wearable applications, have been studied and verified adequately. They continue to be researched in depth for more effective and efficient usage, and brand-new areas facilitated by sensor-based HAR/HBR are emerging, such as interactive edutainment, single-motion duration analysis, time series information retrieval, handcrafted and high-level feature design, and fall detection. Meanwhile, innovative sensor research for HAR or HBR is also very active in the academic community, including new sensors appropriate for HAR/HBR, new designs and applications of the above-mentioned traditional sensors, and the usage of non-traditional HAR-/HBR-related sensor types, among others
    Note: English
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579900 , 9783036579917
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology ; Information technology industries ; Computer science ; Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains new developments and advanced ideas in optical spectroscopy and imaging for their active translation to biological and clinical practice. The published manuscripts provide new insight into state-of-the-art modern methods of biomedical optics and provides new knowledge to potential readers about possible areas of their application. It highlights the advantages and unique features of using optical diagnostic technologies in the detection and analysis of lesions. The articles discuss the development and application of optical methods, expanding the current diagnostic capabilities of various diseases, and other aspects of the use of spectroscopy and imaging in biology and clinical practice
    Note: English
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9783036578972 , 9783036578965
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The construction industry is growing rapidly and time has changed the construction methods used. The traditional way of construction is becoming obsolete and technology is taking over. In this case, sustainable construction is the future and the new norm in the construction industry. Although there are various opportunities in this sector, there are also some challenges that exist and hinder productivity. Hence, this reprint covers the opportunities and challenges in sustainable construction
    Note: English
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576114 , 9783036576107
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Fruits and vegetables are important sources of nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, and provide many health benefits. However, due to non-optimal post-harvest management, large quantities of fresh or fresh-cut fruits and vegetables experience a decline in their quality and nutritional value before they reach the consumer. This Special Issue covers technologies for the harvesting, handling, and storage of vegetables, including storage strategies such as active packaging, edible coatings, the application of nanotechnology in the post-harvest of vegetable crops, and others, with the aim of improving the shelf-life of fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables
    Note: English
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578637 , 9783036578620
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: The reprint has collected the latest scientific achievements in the microstructure-related deformation and fracture behavior of various metallic materials (e.g., steels, superalloys, and titanium alloys) under monotonical or cyclic loads. According to the research findings arising from this collection of works, the initial microstructure and microstructural evolution have a significant effect on deformation and fracture mechanisms and, thus, mechanical properties. To understand these influences, microstructure characterization, mechanical property testing, and numerical simulation are discussed in this reprint. These results are beneficial for promoting the potential applications of these materials and for the future development of novel high-performance metallic materials
    Note: English
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578545 , 9783036578552
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This Special Issue, entitled “Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: Bridging Health and Food Under a New Perspective”, aims to approach the current state-of-the-art research on nutraceuticals and functional foods. The main issue in this field of research is the sustainability and recovery of bioactive substances from vegetal- or animal-origin byproducts to project and realize novel food supplements and nutraceuticals. Low environmental impact, safety, new food sources and analytical methodologies are of growing interest in the research area of food. The perspective approach addresses the mechanism of action of nutraceuticals, safety and functional foods and nutraceuticals’ mechanisms of action, revealing new possibilities for their use as tools in a complementary proactive approach to certain health issues to prevent the onset of health conditions or to be used in subjects who do not qualify for a conventional therapeutical approach. The areas involved in this perspective range from food chemistry and analysis to nutrition and from safety to sustainability; new therapeutical approaches and novel techniques of analysis and formulation are also involved, which require a wide inter- and multi-disciplinary approach. The overall assessment of these aspects creates new challenges for research and also impacts sustainability, health and safety. This Special Issue may also consider the bridging of health and food in their different declinations from a new perspective
    Note: English
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