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  • English  (2,085)
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  • 2020-2024  (2,088)
  • Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (2,085)
  • Praha : Scriptorium
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  • English  (2,085)
  • Czech  (3)
  • Turkish
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  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Praha : Scriptorium | Praha : Archiv | Červený Kostelec : Pavel Mervart ; 1.1980 -
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    ISSN: 0231-7443
    Language: Czech
    Pages: 21 cm
    Dates of Publication: 1.1980 -
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Ersch. unregelmäßig , Index in: Pr°uvodce třiceti ročníky sborníku Documenta Pragensia, 2011
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  • 2
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Praha : Scriptorium | Praha : Univerzita Karlova v Praze ; 1.1996 - 8.2003(2004); [N.F.] 1.2010 -
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    ISSN: 1804-5367
    Language: Czech
    Dates of Publication: 1.1996 - 8.2003(2004); [N.F.] 1.2010 -
    Former Title: sborník prací Katedry Dějin a Didaktiky Dějepisu Pedagogické Fakulty Univerzity Karlovy
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
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  • 3
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Praha : Orbis | Praha : Panorama | Praha : KLP | Praha : Scriptorium ; [1.]1964 - [5.]1969/70; 6.1971 -
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    ISSN: 0555-0238
    Language: Czech
    Dates of Publication: [1.]1964 - [5.]1969/70; 6.1971 -
    Former Title: Vorg. Pražský sborník vlastivědný
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Prag ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Übers.: Sammlung von Aufsätzen zur Prager Geschichte , Ersch. jährl. , Index 1/20.1964/87 in: 20.1987; 21/30.1988/98 in: 30.1998
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036500904 , 9783036500911
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Economics, finance, business & management
    Abstract: Today, most large port hubs include the circular economy transformation challenge, together with smart digitalization and Internet of Things (IoT), in their strategic priorities. However, many ports do not seem to have progressed beyond incremental, small-scale sustainable innovations or the support of rather fragmented sustainability initiatives. The challenges are complex, since ports do not only have to reconsider their own core activities but also their role in the supply chain of shippers, to lift themselves out of the linear lock-in. Opportunities are also created, and port authorities and businesses need to embrace circular learning and turn these projects into sustainable business models. This strategic change or refocus requires new insights into innovative governance and business frameworks, the link between strategy and commercially viable business models, systems innovation, intensified stakeholder collaboration and co-creation, altered traffic segments and hinterland focus, amongst others. These Special Issue articles address current CE transition concerns salient to port strategists and managers, such as first strategic changes towards circular ports, building awareness on the importance of sustainability data and available space, and how port authorities can develop circular business models
    Note: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036504346 , 9783036504353
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (142 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Elastomer materials are characterized by their high elongation and (entropy) elasticity, which makes them indispensable for widespread applications in various engineering and medical areas as well as consumer goods. This book focuses on the state-of-the-art of elastomers covering all aspects from their properties to applications. The development and testing of advanced elastomers is of particular interest. Attention is given to various aspects of elastomers, such as ever-increasing environmental concepts dealing with recyclability and reusability, incorporation of functional groups or additives to obtain novel functionality or bioelastomers, analytical description of mechanisms and structure relations of the fracture behavior of elastomers, and their external stimuli-responsive character. The scope of the book encompasses contributions at the frontier of science in polymer network synthesis, experimental and theoretical physics of polymer networks, and new structures and functionalities incorporated into elastomers leading to enhanced properties of crosslinked elastomeric materials, among others
    Note: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036503400 , 9783036503417
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (372 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Heterocycles feature widely in natural products, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and dyes, and their synthesis is of great interest to synthetic chemists in both academia and industry. The contributions of recent applications of new methodologies in C–H activation, photoredox chemistry, cross-coupling strategies, borrowing hydrogen catalysis, multicomponent and solvent-free reactions, regio- and stereoselective syntheses, as well as other new, attractive approaches for the construction of heterocyclic scaffolds are of great interest. This Special Issue is dedicated to featuring the latest research that is ongoing in the field of heterocyclic synthesis. It is expected that most submissions will focus on five- and six-membered oxygen and nitrogen-containing heterocycles, but structures incorporating other rings/heteroatoms will also be considered. Original research (communications, full papers and reviews) that discusses innovative methodologies for assembling heterocycles with potential application in materials, catalysis and medicine are therefore welcome
    Note: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036503042 , 9783036503059
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Phytotherapy is probably the oldest form of medicine; however, it represents a new therapeutic tool for healthcare workers. Indeed plants are an infinite source of novel molecules, with countless possible combinations. This collection of articles (a Special Issue from Molecules) brings together the most up-to-date studies on the use of plant-derived compounds, ranging from their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects to the revision of the prominent literature
    Note: English
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039436330 , 9783039436347
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Fluid interfaces are promising candidates for confining different types of materials, e.g., polymers, surfactants, colloids, and even small molecules, to be used in designing new functional materials with reduced dimensionality. The development of such materials requires a deepening of the physicochemical bases underlying the formation of layers at fluid interfaces as well as on the characterization of their structures and properties. This is of particular importance because the constraints associated with the assembly of materials at the interface lead to the emergence of equilibrium and features of dynamics in the interfacial systems, which are far removed from those conventionally found in traditional materials. This Special Issue is devoted to studies on the fundamental and applied aspects of fluid interfaces, and attempts to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current status of the research field
    Note: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036501000 , 9783036501017
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This Special Issue compiles 11 scientific works that were presented during the International Symposium on Thermal Effects in Gas Flow in Microscale, ISTEGIM 2019, held in Ettlingen, Germany, in October 2019. This symposium was organized in the framework of the MIGRATE Network, an H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie European Training Network that ran from November 2015 to October 2019 (www.migrate2015.eu). MIGRATE intends to address some of the current challenges in innovation that face the European industry with regard to heat and mass transfer in gas-based microscale processes. The papers collected in this book focus on fundamental issues that are encountered in microfluidic systems involving gases, such as the analysis of gas–surface interactions under rarefied conditions, the development of innovative integrated microsensors for airborne pollutants, new experimental techniques for the measurement of local quantities in miniaturized devices and heat transfer issues inside microchannels. The variety of topics addressed in this book emphasizes that multi-disciplinarity is the real common thread of the current applied research in microfluidics. We hope that this book will help to stimulate early-stage researchers who are working in microfluidics all around the world. This book is dedicated to them!
    Note: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039438877 , 9783039438884
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (504 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The present book is devoted to all aspects of biosensing in a very broad definition, including, but not limited to, biomolecular composition used in biosensors (e.g., biocatalytic enzymes, DNAzymes, abiotic nanospecies with biocatalytic features, bioreceptors, DNA/RNA, aptasensors, etc.), physical signal transduction mechanisms (e.g., electrochemical, optical, magnetic, etc.), engineering of different biosensing platforms, operation of biosensors in vitro and in vivo (implantable or wearable devices), self-powered biosensors, etc. The biosensors can be represented with analogue devices measuring concentrations of analytes and binary devices operating in the YES/NO format, possibly with logical processing of input signals. Furthermore, the book is aimed at attracting young scientists and introducing them to the field, while providing newcomers with an enormous collection of literature references
    Note: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039437733 , 9783039437740
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Keywords: Economics, finance, business & management
    Abstract: How do interacting decision-makers make strategic choices? If they’re rational and can somehow predict each other’s behavior, they may find themselves in a Nash equilibrium. However, humans display pervasive and systematic departures from rationality. They often do not conform to the predictions of the Nash equilibrium, or its various refinements. This has led to the growth of behavioral game theory, which accounts for how people actually make strategic decisions by incorporating social preferences, bounded rationality (for example, limited iterated reasoning), and learning from experience. This book brings together new advances in the field of behavioral game theory that help us understand how people actually make strategic decisions in game-theoretic situations
    Note: English
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039439256 , 9783039439263
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (106 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Natural hazard events are able to significantly affect the natural and artificial environment. In this context, changes in landforms due to natural disasters have the potential to affect and, in some cases, even restrict human interaction with the ecosystem. In order to minimize fatalities and reduce the economic impact that accompanies their occurrence, proper planning is crucial. Land use planning can play an important role in reducing current and future risks related to natural hazards. Land use changes can lead to natural hazards and vice versa: natural hazards affect land uses. Therefore, planners may take into account areas that are susceptible to natural hazards when selecting favorable locations for land use development. Appropriate land use planning can lead to the determination of safe and non-safe areas for urban activities. This Special Issue focuses on land use planning for natural hazards. In this context, various types of natural hazards, such as land degradation and desertification, coastal hazard, floods, and landslides, as well as their interactions with human activities, are presented
    Note: English
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039436897 , 9783039436903
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (330 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: The adult vertebrate central nervous system mainly consists of neurons, astrocytes, microglia cells, and oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the CNS, are subjected to cell stress and subsequent death in a number of metabolic or inflammatory disorders, among which multiple sclerosis (MS) is included. This disease is associated with the development of large demyelinated plaques, oligodendrocyte destruction, and axonal degeneration, paralleled by the activation of astrocytes and microglia as well as the recruitment of peripheral immune cells to the site of tissue injury. Of note, viable oligodendrocytes and an intact myelin sheath are indispensable for neuronal health. For example, it has been shown that oligodendrocytes provide nutritional support to neurons, fast axonal transport depends on proper oligodendrocyte function, and mice deficient in mature myelin proteins eventually display severe neurodegeneration. This Special Issue contains a collection of highly relevant primary research articles as well as review articles focusing on the development, physiology, and pathology of the oligodendrocyte–axon–myelin unit
    Note: English
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783039438396 , 9783039438402
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction ; Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography
    Abstract: This Special Issue contributes to the debate on land grabbing as commons grabbing with a special focus on how the development of state institutions (formal laws and regulations for agrarian development and compensations) and voluntary corporate social responsibility (CRS) initiatives have enabled the grabbing process. It also looks at how these institutions and CSR programs are used as development strategies of states and companies to legitimate their investments. This Special Issue includes case studies from Kenya, Morocco, Tanzania, Cambodia, Bolivia and Ecuador analysing how these strategies are embedded into neo-liberal ideologies of economic development. We propose looking at James Ferguson’s notion of the Anti-Politics Machine (1990) that served to uncover the hidden political basis of state-driven development strategies. We think it is of interest to test the approach for analysing development discourses and CSR-policies in agrarian investments. We argue based on a New Institutional Political Ecology (NIPE) approach that these legitimize the institutional change from common to state and private property of land and land related common pool resources which is the basis of commons grabbing that also grabbed the capacity for resilience of local people
    Note: English
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039438532 , 9783039438549
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (754 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: The aim of this Special Issue is to publish high quality papers concerning poultry nutrition and the interrelations between nutrition, metabolism, microbiota and the health of poultry. Therefore, I invite submissions of recent findings, as original research or reviews, on poultry nutrition, including, but not limited to, the following areas: the effect of feeding on poultry meat end egg quality; nutrient requirements of poultry; the use of functional feed additives to improve gut health and immune status; microbiota; nutraceuticals; soybean meal replacers as alternative sources of protein for poultry; the effects of feeding poultry on environmental impacts; the use of feed/food by-products in poultry diet; and feed technology
    Note: English
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036500102 , 9783036500119
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (233 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This highly informative and carefully presented book discusses the preparation, processing, characterization and applications of different types of nanoenergetic materials, as well as the tailoring of their properties. It gives an overview of recent advances of outstanding classes of energetic materials applied in the fields of physics, chemistry, aerospace, defense, and materials science, among others. The content of this book is relevant to researchers in academia and industry professionals working on the development of advanced nanoenergetic materials and their applications
    Note: English
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039368181 , 9783039368198
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology industries
    Abstract: This Special Issue book focuses on the theory and practice of search engine optimization (SEO). It is intended for anyone who publishes content online and it includes five peer-reviewed papers from various researchers. More specifically, the book includes theoretical and case study contributions which review and synthesize important aspects, including, but not limited to, the following themes: theory of SEO, different types of SEO, SEO criteria evaluation, search engine algorithms, social media and SEO, and SEO applications in various industries, as well as SEO on media websites. The book aims to give a better understanding of the importance of SEO in the current state of the Internet and online information search. Even though SEO is widely used by marketing practitioners, there is a relatively small amount of academic research that systematically attempts to capture this phenomenon and its impact across different industries. Thus, this collection of studies offers useful insights, as well as a valuable resource that intends to open the door for future SEO-related research
    Note: English
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039438334 , 9783039438341
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This book collects selected high-quality papers published in 2018–2020 to inaugurate the “Natural Hazards” Section of the Geosciences journal. The topics encompass: trends in publications at international level in the field of natural hazards research; the role of Big Data in natural disaster management; assessment of seismic risk through the understanding and quantification of its different components; climatic/hydro-meteorological hazards; and finally, the scientific analysis and disaster forensics of recent natural hazard events. The target audience includes not only specialists, but also graduate students who wish to approach the challenging, but also fascinating
    Note: English
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036500485 , 9783036500492
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Micro/nanofluidics-based lab-on-a-chip devices have found extensive applications in the analysis of chemical and biological samples over the past two decades. Electrokinetics is the method of choice in these micro/nano-chips for transporting, manipulating, and sensing various analyte species (e.g., ions, molecules, fluids, and particles). This book aims to highlight the recent developments in the field of micro/nano-chip electrokinetics, ranging from the fundamentals of electrokinetics to the applications of electrokinetics to both chemo- and bio-sample handling
    Note: English
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039438914 , 9783039438921
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: There is some talk about an antibiotic Armageddon due to quickly developing resistance towards commercially available antibiotics. For the most part, the classical antibiotic pipeline has dried up, and antibiotic resistance to any new drugs quickly develops. It is here that metal-based antimicrobials can step forward as possible solutions in this antimicrobial resistance era. The biological targets of metal atoms are more diverse, thus making it more difficult for bacteria to develop resistance compared with classical antibiotics. The metal silver has been used since antiquity for wound healing and water purification. At present, it is the most prevalent antimicrobial metal used in healthcare, industry, and consumer products. Silver is being used in the form of ionic salt, colloids, or in specific nanomaterials, and as described in this book, it can be applied as mixtures with other antimicrobials or coating composites. The different formulations are explored for their efficacy against a variety of problems related to agricultural and medical infections. Whilst by no means exhaustive, this book nicely highlights the present directions in silver-based antimicrobial research and antimicrobial formulation development. The chapters have been organized from a general introductory review to approaches of mixing other antimicrobials and materials to enhance silver performance. This is followed by synthetic approaches. First are biogenic (sometimes called green or eco-friendly) approaches, followed by advanced physical–chemical synthetic approaches. The book ends with an overview of applications through a review of patents over the past 10 years
    Note: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039437276 , 9783039437283
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: “Sámi Religion: Religious Identities, Practices, and Dynamics” explores expressions of ‘’Sámi religion’’ in contemporary cultures, the role it plays in identity politics and heritagization processes, and the ways the past and present are entangled. In recent years, attitudes towards ‘’Sámi religion’’ have changed both within religious, cultural, political, and educational contexts as a consequence of what can be called the ‘’Indigenous turn’’. Contemporary, indigenous religion is approached as a something that adds value by a range of diverse actors and for a variety of reasons. In this Special Issue, we take account of emic categories and connections, focusing on which notions of ‘’Sámi religion’’ are used today by religious entrepreneurs and others who share and promote these types of spiritual beliefs, and how Sámi religion is taking shape on a plenitude of arenas in contemporary society
    Note: English
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036500348 , 9783036500355
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The papers in this SI present valuable results in the topics of soils, sediments, and water contamination according to the consideration of ecological and health risk. They also point out open questions and possible avenues for future research. Biochar application can benefit both soil conservation and contamination, but further research should be conducted to investigate whether these positive effects can be extended to the field scale. Similar to biochar, scale-up design will be helpful for thin-layer capping in in situ sediments using mixed active amendments. Both physiochemical analysis and bioassays mutually supported the evaluation results of river water quality. However, we need better approaches and policies for management to prevent further contamination from the discharge of untreated industrial and domestic waste into this aquatic ecosystem. The use of microorganisms to eliminate antibiotics is a promising strategy, but future work should verify the biodegradation ability of antibiotic-degrading bacteria in wastewater treatment plants
    Note: English
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039439232 , 9783039439249
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Pursuing a scalable production methodology for materials and advancing it from the laboratory to industry is beneficial to novel daily-life applications. From this perspective, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) offers a compromise between efficiency, controllability, tunability and excellent run-to-run repeatability in the coverage of monolayers on substrates. Hence, CVD meets all of the requirements for industrialization in basically all areas, including polymer coatings, metals, water-filtration systems, solar cells and so on. The Special Issue “Advances in Chemical Vapor Deposition” is dedicated to providing an overview of the latest experimental findings and identifying the growth parameters and characteristics of perovskites, TiO2, Al2O3, VO2 and V2O5 with desired qualities for potentially useful devices
    Note: English
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039438273 , 9783039438280
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and evolutionary computation methods have been successfully applied in remote sensing applications since they offer unique advantages for the analysis of remotely-sensed images. ANNs are effective in finding underlying relationships and structures within multidimensional datasets. Thanks to new sensors, we have images with more spectral bands at higher spatial resolutions, which clearly recall big data problems. For this purpose, evolutionary algorithms become the best solution for analysis. This book includes eleven high-quality papers, selected after a careful reviewing process, addressing current remote sensing problems. In the chapters of the book, superstructural optimization was suggested for the optimal design of feedforward neural networks, CNN networks were deployed for a nanosatellite payload to select images eligible for transmission to ground, a new weight feature value convolutional neural network (WFCNN) was applied for fine remote sensing image segmentation and extracting improved land-use information, mask regional-convolutional neural networks (Mask R-CNN) was employed for extracting valley fill faces, state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN)-based object detection models were applied to automatically detect airplanes and ships in VHR satellite images, a coarse-to-fine detection strategy was employed to detect ships at different sizes, and a deep quadruplet network (DQN) was proposed for hyperspectral image classification
    Note: English
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9783036507262 , 9783036507279
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: This book contains the latest findings in a number of research areas, including the effects of dog-assisted therapy on the psychomotor development of children with intellectual disability; the use of weighted blankets and sleep quality in children with autism spectrum disorders; cognitive assessment and rehabilitation for pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis; the use of gait indexes in detecting gait changes in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy; as well as the effect of ankle joint mobilization, functional progressive resistance exercise, and action observation training on range of motion, gait, spasticity, gross motor function, and balance in children with spastic cerebral palsy. The book is intended for people who work with children and adolescents with neurodysfunctions on a daily basis. It will certainly be useful to physiotherapists, medical doctors, psychologists, and all members of interdisciplinary therapeutic teams. The book can also be recommended to all individuals interested in neurorehabilitation, including parents or guardians of children and adolescents with neurodysfunctions
    Note: English
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036503028 , 9783036503035
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Postharvest losses of fresh produce have always been an obstacle in agriculture. About one third of global fresh fruits and vegetables are lost because their quality has dropped below an acceptance limit. The postharvest quality and shelf life of fresh produce are also determined before harvest. However, postharvest quality is also affected by many practices during and after harvest such as temperature management, controlled and modified atmosphere, coatings, physical treatments, biocontrol, and more. This Special Issue on “Postharvest Disease Development: Pre and/or Postharvest Practices” gathers papers that deal with preharvest and postharvest factors that affect and maintain fresh produce quality after harvest
    Note: English
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  • 27
    Online Resource
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036506005 , 9783036506012
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: The World Health Organization recognizes that injuries are the leading cause of death and disability to children after their first birthday. There is also high morbidity associated with injuries sustained in childhood, often affecting people for the rest of their lives. For every child who dies from injury, there are several thousand who require medical care, many who live with varying degrees of disability. Children and adolescents (0–19 years of age) are at increased risk of mortality and morbidity due to injuries such as road traffic, burns, falls, poisoning, drowning, self-harm and interpersonal violence. There are proven ways to prevent many child injuries, yet there are still gaps in our knowledge. By understanding the impact of determinants of health (i.e., the social and economic environment, the physical environment and a person’s individual characteristics and behaviors), effective prevention interventions can be designed and implemented, with a high return on investment. This Special Issue covers an eclectic range of studies, the common goal of which is to reduce the global burden of child injury-related mortality and morbidity
    Note: English
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  • 28
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036503325 , 9783036503332
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: There is some talk about an antibiotic Armageddon, wherein untreatable post-operative infections and similarly untreatable complications after chemotherapy will occur. The now famous “O’Neill Report” suggests that, by 2050, more people could die from resistant bacterial infections than from cancer. We are still learning about all the subtle drivers of antibiotic resistance, realizing that we need a single “whole health” coordinated policy. We ingest what we sometimes feed to animals, yet there does not seem to be any new classes of antibiotics on the horizon. Maybe there is something that has been around forever that could could to our rescue: bacteriophages. Nevertheless, we have to do things differently. We must use antibiotics appropriately and for the correct indication, duration, and dosage with good practice and stewardship.. While by no means comprehensive, this book covers many topics regarding antibiotic stewardship. It also addresses older antibiotics, new combinations, and even new agents. Last but not least, this book features two excellent articles on bacteriophages. Refinements to animal models used in research for either human or animal benefit must be an ongoing aim for anyone working in this context, whether it be as an animal carrier, an animal user, a veterinarian, or an official. Unfortunately, the details of refinements are often overlooked in publications describing the research outcomes. This book includes manuscripts published in the Animals Special Issue “Refinements to Animal Models for Biomedical Research”. In this contemporary resource, we included 12 peer-reviewed papers that cover a range of approaches to the concept of refinement
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  • 29
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036502908 , 9783036502915
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (496 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This book contains thirty articles on various topics related to the corrosion and protection of metallic materials. This topic is of strong actuality both due to the aging of plants and infrastructures that require checks and maintenance, and to the use of traditional materials in increasingly aggressive environments, added to the need of changing the current anti-corrosion systems with less environmental impact methods. Finally, the new development of innovative materials, such as additive manufacturing or high-entropy alloys, needs the characterization of their corrosion behavior. In this issue, there are works on new alloys obtained for additive manufacturing or high entropy, on the study of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms, through electrochemical and microscopical techniques, studies on low environmental impact inhibitors and biocides, as well as ceramic and metal protective coatings. Finally, there are works on the study of the residual mechanical resistance of corroded infrastructures and on monitoring and non-destructive control. In this way, the book therefore offers a somewhat varied panorama of research trends in the field
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  • 30
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036503363 , 9783036503370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This book covers the current trends in clinical deep brain stimulation (DBS) research. This collection of papers from experts in the field provides state of the art knowledge and future perspectives in clinical DBS research. A range of topics involved in DBS is presented, ranging from high resolution imaging, electrophysiology and personalized medicine, in a broad range of brain disorders
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  • 31
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036505206 , 9783036505213
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The energy transition is one of the key approaches in the effort to halt climate changes, and it has become even more essential in the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Fostering the energy efficiency and the energy independence of the building sector is a focal aim to move towards a decarbonized society. In this context, building physics and building energy systems are fundamental disciplines based on applied physics applications in civil, architectural, and environmental engineering, including technical themes related to the planning of energy and the environment, diagnostic methods, and mitigating techniques. This Special Issue contains information on experimental studies in the following research topics: renewable energy sources, building energy analysis, rational use of energy, heat transmission, heating and cooling systems, thermofluid dynamics, smart energy systems, and energy service management in buildings
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  • 32
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036502960 , 9783036502977
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Partial differential equations (PDEs) have been used in theoretical ecology research for more than eighty years. Nowadays, along with a variety of different mathematical techniques, they remain as an efficient, widely used modelling framework; as a matter of fact, the range of PDE applications has even become broader. This volume presents a collection of case studies where applications range from bacterial systems to population dynamics of human riots
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  • 33
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036504209 , 9783036504216
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Developments in the science and technology of textiles are not only limited to apparel and fashion. Certainly, there are research efforts aimed at improving the construction and processing of textiles for clothing—such as studies on cleaner production to reduce environmental impact, increasing the utilization of fibers and process chemicals from renewable resources, and on the recycling of materials from post-consumer waste apparel back into the manufacturing of new clothing articles. In addition, technological concepts developed for the creation of clothing over the centuries are now being investigated for use in a diverse array of fields—such as in the manufacture of engineering composites, personal protective equipment, and medicine. Further, developments in other fields—such as electronics, nanotechnology, and information and communication technologies—are being investigated for their incorporation into apparel and clothing to create “smart textiles”. The aim of this Special Issue is to put together a collection of scientific reports on such efforts to highlight the range of scientific and technological issues that are being targeted and the ingenuity of the methodologies employed to find answers. It is hoped that readers of this issue will come away with an appreciation of the research being conducted in this area, and perhaps gain inspiration for their own scientific endeavors
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  • 34
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036502229 , 9783036502236
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the oldest biotechnological processes and originally referred to biomass degradation under anoxic conditions in both natural and engineered systems. It has been used for decades to treat various waste streams and to produce methane-rich biogas as an important energy carrier, and it has become a major player in electrical power production. AD is a popular, mature technology, and our knowledge about the influencing process parameters as well as about the diverse microbial communities involved in the process has increased dramatically over the last few decades. To avoid competition with food and feed production, the AD feedstock spectrum has constantly been extended to waste products either rich in recalcitrant lignocellulose or containing inhibitory substances such as ammonia, which requires application of various pre-treatments or specific management of the microbial resources. Extending the definition of AD, it can also convert gases rich in hydrogen and carbon dioxide into methane that can substitute natural gas, which opens new opportunities by a direct link to traditional petrochemistry. Furthermore, AD can be coupled with emerging biotechnological applications, such as microbial electrochemical technologies or the production of medium-chain fatty acids by anaerobic fermentation. Ultimately, because of the wide range of applications, AD is still a very vital field in science. This Special Issue highlights some key topics of this research field
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  • 35
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036501901 , 9783036501918
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Cancer has been a patient-specific and difficult-to-treat disease for decades, resulting in more deaths since 1900 than all other diseases except cardiovascular diseases. As societies around the world continue to shift towards an aging population, the social and economic burden created by cancer will only rise in the coming decades, necessitating continued improvement in our cancer therapies. Remarkably, in the late 1800s, bone surgeon William Coley serendipitously discovered that bacteria could be administered to patients as an effective (and sometimes toxic) form of cancer therapy known as "Coley's Toxins". His discoveries unknowingly led to two fields of cancer therapy that have been in development for decades and are now leading to significant improvements in therapy for cancer patients: immune-based and toxin-based therapies for cancer. Articles included here discuss the discoveries that emerged from Coley's Toxins that enable us to harness the immune system and microbial toxins to combat cancers, as oncology shifts from a field dominated by chemotherapy for most of the 20th century to biologic therapies that will dominate the 21st century
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9783036501260 , 9783036501277
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (430 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Remote sensing data and methods are increasingly being implemented in assessments of volcanic processes and risk. This happens thanks to their capability to provide a spectrum of observation and measurement opportunities to accurately sense the dynamics, magnitude, frequency, and impacts of volcanic activity. This book includes research papers on the use of satellite, aerial, and ground-based remote sensing to detect thermal features and anomalies, investigate lava and pyroclastic flows, predict the flow path of lahars, measure gas emissions and plumes, and estimate ground deformation. The multi-disciplinary character of the approaches employed for volcano monitoring and the combination of a variety of sensor types, platforms, and methods that come out from the papers testify to the current scientific and technology trends toward multi-data and multi-sensor monitoring solutions. The added value of the papers lies in the demonstration of how remote sensing can improve our knowledge of volcanoes that pose a threat to local communities; back-analysis and critical revision of recent volcanic eruptions and unrest periods; and improvement of modeling and prediction methods. Therefore, the selected case studies also demonstrate the societal impact that this scientific discipline can potentially have on volcanic hazard and risk management
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  • 37
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    ISBN: 9783039439850 , 9783039439867
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This book is the first literature collection focused on the development and implementation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and their integration with sensors for atmospheric measurements on Earth. The research covered in the book combines chemical, physical, and meteorological measurements performed in field campaigns, as well as conceptual and laboratory work. Useful examples for the development of platforms and autonomous systems for environmental studies are provided, which demonstrate how careful the operation of sensors aboard UAS must be to gather information for remote sensing in the atmosphere. The work serves as a key collection of articles to introduce the topic to new researchers interested in the field, guide future studies, and motivate measurements to improve our understanding of the Earth’s complex atmosphere
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  • 38
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036500607 , 9783036500614
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Steels and their heat treatment are still very important in modern industry because most industrial components are made from these materials. The proper choice of steel grades along with their suitable processing makes it possible to reduce the weight of the components, which is closely related to energy and fuel savings. This has decisive importance in branches such as the automotive, transport, consumer industries. A great number of novel heat- and surface-treatment techniques have been developed over the past three decades. These techniques involve, for example, vacuum treatment, sub-zero treatment, laser/electron beam surface hardening and alloying, low-pressure carburizing and nitriding, and physical vapour deposition. This Special Issue contains a collection of original research articles on not only advanced heat-treatment techniques—carburizing and sub-zero treatments—but also on the microstructure–property relationships in different ferrous alloys
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  • 39
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039439171 , 9783039439188
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Among infectious diseases, viral infections are the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in the most low-income countries, particularly in young children. Most of the human viruses are all well characterized in terms of structure, life-cycle, tropism, and associated primary pathologies, but many of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying their ability to cause acute infection, persist or reactivate in the host and cause chronic and/or degenerative damage, and still need to be fully clarified. At the same time, it seems necessary to develop novel therapeutic approaches and rationale, and possibly more potent antiviral compounds that are addressed to novel targets
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  • 40
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039439379 , 9783039439386
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This book, titled “Electronic Noses for Biomedical Applications and Environmental Monitoring”, includes original research works and reviews concerning the use of electronic nose technology in two of the more useful and interesting fields related to chemical compounds detection of gases. Authors have explained their latest research work, including different gas sensors and materials based on nanotechnology and novel applications of electronic noses for the detection of diverse diseases. Some reviews related to disease detection through breath analysis, odor monitoring systems standardization, and seawater quality monitoring are also included
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  • 41
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039368969 , 9783039368976
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Groundwater is an essential and vital water resource for drinking water production, agricultural irrigation, and industrial processes. Having a better understanding of physical and chemical processes in aquifers enables more reliable decisions and reduces investments concerning water management. This Special Issue on “Water Flow, Solute, and Heat Transfer, in Groundwater” of Water focuses on the recent advances in groundwater dynamics, and it includes high-quality papers that cover a wide range of issues on different aspects related to groundwater: protection from contamination, recharge, heat transfer, hydraulic parameters estimation, well hydraulics, microbial community, colloid transport, and mathematical models. This integrative volume aims to transfer knowledge to hydrologists, hydraulic engineers, and water resources planners, who are engaged in the sustainable development of groundwater resources
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  • 42
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036503523 , 9783036503530
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This Special Issue deals with the fascinating material class of nanocomposites consisting of extremely small particles (nanoparticles) which are embedded in polymers. Such materials are of paramount interest in various disciplines, especially chemistry, physics, biomedicine and materials science. Due to the diversity of the components of nanocomposites, they provide a broad spectrum of material properties and applications. The versatility of nanocomposites is indeed reflected by the research covered in this Special Issue. The field of nanocomposites includes innovative science and a source of inspiration for currently relevant economic topics as well as for envisaged technologies of the future. Indeed, this volume alludes to strategies for the preparation of nanocomposites and possibilities for a variety of applications, such as catalytic reactions, gas barriers, high refractive index materials, corrosion protection, electromagnetic inference (EMI) shielding, lithium ion batteries, tissue engineering and plastic surgery
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  • 43
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036501345 , 9783036501352
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This Special Issue of Nanomaterials collects a series of original research articles providing new insight into the application of computational quantum physics and chemistry in research on nanomaterials. It illustrates the extension and diversity of the field and indicates some future directions. It provides the reader with an overall view of the latest prospects in this fast evolving and cross-disciplinary field
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  • 44
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    ISBN: 9783036503141 , 9783036503158
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue is a collection of twelve papers on the design and application of biomedical circuits and systems. We hope you enjoy reading this Special Issue and become inspired to address technological challenges toward helping the medical industry and biologists to increase the quality of life for humans, which is the main objective. Several topics have been highlighted: muscle electrostimulation, analog front-end (AFE) circuits, waveform generators, real-time velocimetry estimators, interference suppression, bio-signal encryption, IoT electronic nose, ultrasound image processing, noise in medical imaging, elbow actuators, and aids for visually impaired people. We are conscious about the very wide scope of biomedical circuits and systems applications, and that our contribution represents only a grain of sand, though we expect to be useful in contributing to the progress of knowledge in the field
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  • 45
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036502441 , 9783036502458
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (426 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Education
    Abstract: Continuous professional development is of great importance if one is to develop quality professional work. This book contains some of the latest research advances related to the field of Physical Education and Sports. In today's globalized world, continuous and permanent education is necessary and essential to complement the initial training and previous experience. In this book, you can find a wide range of works focused on innovative teaching methodologies and psychological variables to take into account to improve classes and training. These studies on the most forward-looking technological advances in physical activity and sports are useful for those who seek to be up-to-date on this type of research. In addition, these studies will be useful to consult regarding current lifestyle, the creation of healthy habits, the promotion of physical activity in one’s free time, and the importance of leading an active life
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9783036504742 , 9783036504759
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: With this book, we wish to honor the lifework of K. Alex Müller and present him with this book on the occasion of his 94th birthday. We are convinced that he will very much enjoy reading it. We would like to thank all contributors to this book, who addressed topics complementary and related to his work. The articles of the book represent the efforts in solid state physics – spanning more than 60 years – which have been groundbreaking in scientific and applied sciences. Many of the current hot topics are derived from this earlier work which has pioneered the way toward new experimental tools and/or refined techniques. From this point of view, the book presents, on one hand, a historical review and, on the other hand, a directory of possible future research
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9783036500621 , 9783036500638
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Efforts to miniaturize sensing and diagnostic devices and to integrate multiple functions into one device have caused massive growth in the field of microfluidics and this integration is now recognized as an important feature of most new diagnostic approaches. These approaches have and continue to change the field of biosensing and diagnostics. In this Special Issue, we present a small collection of works describing microfluidics with applications in biosensing and diagnostics
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  • 48
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    ISBN: 9783039437016 , 9783039437023
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Even though initially considered as a passive means for storing energy, lipids are now regarded as multifaceted molecules with crucial structural and functional activities. For instance, some of them play essential roles as key components of cell membranes whereas others act as signaling molecules in the regulation of cell homeostasis. In recent years, lipid research has attracted increasing interest because of the involvement of this class of compounds in human health. Indeed, a plethora of pathological conditions are characterized by alterations in lipid metabolism, such as cardiovascular diseases and brain disorders. This Special Issue is a collection of papers from different experts in lipid research, with the aim of providing new insights into the physiopathological involvement of lipids and their impact on human health. This collection also demonstrates the usefulness of interdisciplinary approaches in the development of novel methods to study and manipulate lipid metabolism, which may represent an attractive target for designing effective therapeutic strategies to counteract numerous pathologies
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  • 49
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    ISBN: 9783036500324 , 9783036500331
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: This volume is a collection of investigations involving the theory and applications of the various tools and techniques of mathematical analysis and analytic number theory, which are remarkably widespread in many diverse areas of the mathematical, biological, physical, chemical, engineering, and statistical sciences. It contains invited and welcome original as well as review-cum-expository research articles dealing with recent and new developments on the topics of mathematical analysis and analytic number theory as well as their multidisciplinary applications
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  • 50
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    ISBN: 9783036504162 , 9783036504179
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Dental implant materials are advancing in the fusion of various scientific fields. Surface modification technologies for implants have been applied to titanium at the micro-level for about four decades. Now, implant surfaces are being topographically and chemically modified at both the micro- and nano-level. The modification techniques are altering other metals and ceramics, making these materials more biocompatible. Materials for abutments in dental implant systems appear to depend on implant–abutment connection structures. Biomechanical factors, such as friction and preload, influence the development of the abutment materials. Additionally, the surfaces of the abutment materials are important in the soft-tissue attachment, which is being actively investigated. As dental implants have to be functional in human bodies for a long time, numerous materials are being clinically tested as implant-supported restorations. The Special Issue, “Dental Implant Materials 2019”, introduces the creative works of scientists on the current advancements in the field of materials for implant dentistry
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  • 51
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    ISBN: 9783039366682 , 9783039366699
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: With a mean worldwide prevalence of 13%, chronic kidney disease imposes a massive health burden on our society. In addition to reduced kidney function, patients with chronic kidney disease increasingly suffer from cardiovascular diseases affecting the heart and vasculature. Cardiovascular diseases account for around half of the deaths of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. However, therapeutic options are highly insufficient. The pathological mechanisms that underlie increased cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease remain largely unknown. This Special Issue provides insights into comorbidities in CKD patients, mainly focused on increased cardiovascular risk, and summarizes current knowledge of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms
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  • 52
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    ISBN: 9783036502205 , 9783036502212
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (328 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most successful polymers used for producing therapeutic devices, such as drug carriers (DC). PLGA is one of the few polymers that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved for human administration due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. In recent years, DC produced with PLGA has gained enormous attention for its versatility in transporting different type of drugs, e.g., hydrophilic or hydrophobic small molecules, or macromolecules with a controlled drug release without modifying the physiochemical properties of the drugs. These drug delivery systems have the possibility/potential to modify their surface properties with functional groups, peptides, or other coatings to improve the interactions with biological materials. Furthermore, they present the possibility to be conjugated with specific target molecules to reach specific tissues or cells. They are also used for different therapeutic applications, such as in vaccinations, cancer treatment, neurological disorder treatment, and as anti-inflammatory agents. This book aims to focus on the recent progress of PLGA as a drug carrier and their new pharmaceutical applications
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  • 53
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    ISBN: 9783039438716 , 9783039438723
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (110 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The only effective and safe treatment of celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong, strict exclusion of gluten, the so-called gluten-free diet (GFD). As a consequence, strict adherence to the GFD is highly successful and useful to achieve optimal control of symptoms in celiac patients, although, sometimes, nutritional problems can persist despite a strict exclusion of gluten. However, following a strict GFD is not easy and an updated quality assessment of available products is needed for further improvement in gluten-free product development. Similar to CD, GFD is the common dietary approach in non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGWS). NCGWS is another common gluten-related disorder without the diagnostic features of CD. Increasing interest in the association and interaction between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, and gluten-related disorders can expand our knowledge and understanding of the management of these disorders. In this respect, GFD is considered a therapeutic option in IBS and functional digestive disorders. New insights into the GFD are an exciting scientific challenge for researchers
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  • 54
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783039362080 , 9783039362097
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: In the last few years, the leading semiconductor industries have introduced multi-gate non-planar transistors into their core business. These are being applied in memories and in logical integrated circuits to achieve better integration on the chip, increased performance, and reduced energy consumption. Intense research is underway to develop these devices further and to address their limitations, in order to continue transistor scaling while further improving performance. This Special Issue looks at recent developments in the field of nanowire field-effect transistors (NW-FETs), covering different aspects of the technology, physics, and modelling of these nanoscale devices
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9783039439072 , 9783039439089
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (266 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: This book shows recent and innovative applications of the use of hyperspectral technology for optimal quantification of crop, vegetation, and soil biophysical variables at various spatial scales, which can be an important aspect in agricultural management practices and monitoring. The articles collected inside the book are intended to help researchers and farmers involved in precision agriculture techniques and practices, as well as in plant nutrient prediction, to a higher comprehension of strengths and limitations of the application of hyperspectral imaging to agriculture and vegetation. Hyperspectral remote sensing for studying agriculture and natural vegetation is a challenging research topic that will remain of great interest for different sciences communities in decades
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  • 56
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    ISBN: 9783039433766 , 9783039433773
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a well-studied Gram-negative bacterium that can often be found in the oral cavity of young individuals. It has several virulence factors and a large genetic diversity, which results in both harmless and highly virulent genotypes. To determine the virulence potential of the isolated bacteria, genetic profiling is recommended. Advanced knowledge of the virulence mechanisms induced by this bacterium is important for the development of future personalized preventive and treatment strategies. The fifteen papers in this book provide a strong and relevant background that can contribute to the improvement of future diagnosis and research strategies
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  • 57
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    ISBN: 9783039439294 , 9783039439300
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Advances in synthesis of metallic, oxidic and composite powders were presented via the following methods: ultrasound-assisted leaching¸ ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, ball milling, molten salt electrolysis, galvanostatic electrolysis, hydrogen reduction, thermochemical decomposition, inductively coupled thermal plasma, precipitation and high pressure carbonation in an autoclave. This Special Issue contains 17 papers from Europe, Asia, Australia, South Africa and the Balkans. The synthesis was focused on metals: Co, Cu; Re; oxides: ZnO, MgO, SiO2; V2O5; sulfides: MoS2, core shell material: Cu-Al2O3, Pt/TiO2; compounds: Ca0.75Ce0.25ZrTi2O7, Mo5Si3, Ti6Al4V. The environmentally friendly strategies were presented at the carbonation of olivine, treatment of acid mine drainage water and production of vanadium oxide
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    ISBN: 9783036501963 , 9783036501970
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (418 p.)
    Keywords: Coins, banknotes, medals, seals (numismatics)
    Abstract: This book is a collection of papers for the Special Issue “Quantitative Methods for Economics and Finance” of the journal Mathematics. This Special Issue reflects on the latest developments in different fields of economics and finance where mathematics plays a significant role. The book gathers 19 papers on topics such as volatility clusters and volatility dynamic, forecasting, stocks, indexes, cryptocurrencies and commodities, trade agreements, the relationship between volume and price, trading strategies, efficiency, regression, utility models, fraud prediction, or intertemporal choice
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  • 59
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    ISBN: 9783039436194 , 9783039436200
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (652 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: In recent years, people have tended to adjust the degree of order/disorder to explore new materials. The degree of order/disorder can be measured by entropy, and it can be divided into two parts: topological disordering and chemical disordering. The former mainly refers to order in the spatial configuration, e.g., amorphous alloys which show short-range ordering but without long-range ordering, while the latter mainly refers to the order in the chemical occupancy, that is to say, the components can replace each other, and typical representatives are high-entropy alloy (HEAs). HEAs, in sharp contrast to traditional alloys based on one or two principal elements, have one striking characteristic: their unusually high entropy of mixing. They have not received much noticed until the review paper entitled “Microstructure and Properties of High-Entropy Alloys” was published in 2014 in the journal of Progress in Materials Science. Numerous reports have shown they exhibit five recognized performance characteristics, namely, strength–plasticity trade-off breaking, irradiation tolerance, corrosion resistance, high-impact toughness within a wider temperature range, and high thermal stability. So far, the development of HEAs has gone through three main stages: 1. Quinary equal-atomic single-phase solid solution alloys; 2. Quaternary or quinary non-equal-atomic multiphase alloys; 3. Medium-entropy alloys, high-entropy fibers, high-entropy films, lightweight HEAs, etc. Nowadays, more in-depth research on high-entropy alloys is urgently needed
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9783039430208 , 9783039430215
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: A key aspect of cyber-physical systems (CPS) is their potential for integrating information technologies with embedded control systems and physical systems to form new or improved functionalities. CPS thus draws upon advances in many areas. This positioning provides unprecedented opportunities for innovation, both within and across existing domains. However, at the same time, it is commonly understood that we are already stretching the limits of existing methodologies. In embarking towards CPS with such unprecedented capabilities, it becomes essential to improve our understanding of CPS complexity and how we can deal with it. Complexity has many facets, including complexity of the CPS itself, of the environments in which the CPS acts, and in terms of the organizations and supporting tools that develop, operate, and maintain CPS. This book is a result of a journal Special Issue, with the objective of providing a forum for researchers and practitioners to exchange their latest achievements and to identify critical issues, challenges, opportunities, and future directions for how to deal with the complexity of future CPS. The contributions include 10 papers on the following topics: (I) Systems and Societal Aspects Related to CPS and Their Complexity; (II) Model-Based Development Methods for CPS; (III) CPS Resource Management and Evolving Computing Platforms; and (IV) Architectures for CPS
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    ISBN: 9783036500065 , 9783036500072
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue is a collection of research articles focused on the production and role of nitric oxide in plants. Nitric oxide is a crucial molecule used in the orchestration of cellular events in animals and plants. With a mixture of primary research papers and review articles written by some of the top researchers in the field, this work encompasses many aspects of this important and growing area of biochemistry
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9783039432066 , 9783039432073
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Microgreens garner immense potential for improving the nutrition of the human diet, considering their high content of healthy compounds. On the other hand, they are becoming known not only for their nutritional value but also for their interesting organoleptic traits and commercial potential. In this Special Issue we aim to publish high-quality research papers covering the state-of-the-art, recent progress and perspectives related to production, post-harvest, characterization, and the potential of microgreens. A broad range of aspects such as cultivation, post-harvest techniques and packaging, analytical methods, nutritional value, bioaccessibility and prospects are covered. All contributions are of great significance and could stimulate further research in this area
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    ISBN: 9783036501369 , 9783036501376
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The problem of solving complex engineering problems has always been a major topic in all industrial fields, such as aerospace, civil and mechanical engineering. The use of numerical methods has increased exponentially in the last few years, due to modern computers in the field of structural mechanics. Moreover, a wide range of numerical methods have been presented in the literature for solving such problems. Structural mechanics problems are dealt with using partial differential systems of equations that might be solved by following the two main classes of methods: Domain-decomposition methods or the so-called finite element methods and mesh-free methods where no decomposition is carried out. Both methodologies discretize a partial differential system into a set of algebraic equations that can be easily solved by computer implementation. The aim of the present Special Issue is to present a collection of recent works on these themes and a comparison of the novel advancements of both worlds in structural mechanics applications
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  • 64
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    ISBN: 9783039438730 , 9783039438747
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Over the last few decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the aetiology and pathophysiology of diseases and many new theories emphasize the importance of the small bowel ‘ecosystem’ in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic illness. Emerging factors such as microbiome, stem cells, innate intestinal immunity and the enteric nervous system along with mucosal and endothelial barriers have key role in the development of gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Therefore, the small intestine is considered key player in metabolic disease development, including diabetes mellitus, and other diet-related disorders such as celiac and non-celiac enteropathies. Another major field is drug metabolism and its interaction with microbiota. Moreover, the emergence of gut-brain, gut-liver and gut-blood barriers points toward the important role of small intestine in the pathogenesis of common disorders, such as liver disease, hypertension and neurodegenerative disease. However, the small bowel remains an organ that is difficult to fully access and assess and accurate diagnosis often poses a clinical challenge. Eventually, the therapeutic potential remains untapped. Therefore, it is due time to direct our interest towards the small intestine and unravel the interplay between small-bowel and other gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI related maladies
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  • 65
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    ISBN: 9783039438938 , 9783039438945
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: It is well known that 55% of the world’s population currently lives in urban areas, and this figure is predicted to grow to 68% by 2050, adding more than 2.5 billion people to urban populations. It is also projected that there will be 43 megacities worldwide by 2030, with populations of more than 10 million inhabitants. The United Nations World Water Development Report, 2018, warned that by 2030, the global demand for fresh water is likely to exceed supply by 40%. Added to population growth, climate change has the potential to lead to changes in rainfall regimes, with the potential of increased flooding and drought. Currently, 1.2 billion people are at risk from flooding, but this is predicted to increase to about 1.6 billion, i.e., nearly 20% of the total world population, by 2050. In line with this, replacing deteriorating water management infrastructure that can no longer cope is economically unfeasible, impracticable from a construction point of view, and likely to fail in the long term. To address these issues, approaches are needed that are flexible and have multiple benefits. In its World Water Development Report, 2018, the UN promotes the use of nature-based solutions to some of these problems, with the focus of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (making sure that everyone has access to a safe and affordable supply of potable water and sanitation by 2030) requiring investment in suitable infrastructure across the world. This Special Issue covers the challenges faced in managing urban water in all its forms, from potable supplies to reuse and harvesting, as well as resilient and sustainable approaches developed to address flooding and drought
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    ISBN: 9783036504285 , 9783036504292
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: This book contains selected papers from the 9th annual conference of the Hellenic Society of Biochemistry and Physiology of Exercise (2019). Exercise biochemistry and exercise physiology are two closely related sport sciences that examine how muscle activity alters the way our bodies (and those of other animals) function at the levels of molecules, cells, organs, and whole body. Included in the book is original research on biochemical and physiological adaptations of children, adolescents, and adults to exercise training; on the use of biochemical and physiological tests to assess sport performance; and on how exercise can fight disease
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    ISBN: 9783036504308 , 9783036504315
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Noncovalent interactions are the bridge between ideal gas abstraction and the real world. For a long time, they were covered by two terms: van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding. Both experimental and quantum chemical studies have contributed to our understanding of the nature of these interactions. In the last decade, great progress has been made in identifying, quantifying, and visualizing noncovalent interactions. New types of interactions have been classified—their energetic and spatial properties have been tabulated. In the past, most studies were limited to analyzing the single strongest interaction in the molecular system under consideration, which is responsible for the most important structural properties of the system. Despite this limitation, such an approach often results in satisfactory approximations of experimental data. However, this requires knowledge of the structure of the molecular system and the absence of other competing interactions. The current challenge is to go beyond this limitation. This Special Issue collects ideas on how to study the interplay of noncovalent interactions in complex molecular systems including the effects of cooperation and anti-cooperation, solvation, reaction field, steric hindrance, intermolecular dynamics, and other weak but numerous impacts on molecular conformation, chemical reactivity, and condensed matter structure
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    ISBN: 9783036503981 , 9783036503998
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This book is a comprehensive set of articles reflecting the latest advances and developments in mathematical modeling and the design of electrical machines for different applications. The main models discussed are based on the: i) Maxwell–Fourier method (i.e., the formal resolution of Maxwell’s equations by using the separation of variables method and the Fourier’s series in 2-D or 3-D with a quasi-Cartesian or polar coordinate system); ii) electrical, thermal and magnetic equivalent circuit; iii) hybrid model. In these different papers, the numerical method and the experimental tests have been used as comparisons or validations
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  • 69
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    ISBN: 9783036504766 , 9783036504773
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) certainly do not represent a newcomer to the scientific community, yet they continue to attract a strong and general interest among a vast and multifaceted range of researchers. This persistent modernity is definitely due to some peculiar characteristics of these materials, which allow researchers and engineers to play with different aspects of two worlds: organic and inorganic, crystalline and molecular, solid and liquid, cationic and anionic. A virtually infinite number of possible chemical combinations takes advantage of their layered structure to express an unrivaled collection of remarkable properties. The capture and/or release of organic and inorganic species, versatile low-cost catalytic activity, and blending with other compounds to build up a variety of hybrid composites, are just some of the many effects investigated to date. As a result, the applications encompass almost all aspects of our life, ranging from renewable energy production to water purification, including biomedical applications, gas sensing, drug delivery, and food packaging and safety. This Special Issue highlights some of the recent research lines, and shows that remarkable progress has been and is still being made in all these aspects, to allow the consideration of LDHs as one of the most interesting and versatile inorganic materials
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    ISBN: 9783036504568 , 9783036504575
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Progress in information technology has fostered a global explosion of data generation. Accumulated big data are now estimated to be 4.4 zettabytes in the digital universe; and trends predict an exponential increase in the future. Health data are gathered from professional routine care and other expanded sources including the social determinants of health, such as Internet of Things. Biomedical research has recently moved through three stages in digital healthcare: (1) data collection; (2) data sharing; and (3) data analytics. With the explosion of stored health data, dental medicine is edging into its fourth stage of digitization using new technologies including augmented and virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. Big data collaborations involve interactions between a diverse range of stakeholders with analytical, technical and political focus. In oral healthcare, data technology has many areas of application: prognostic analysis and predictive modeling, the identification of unknown correlations of diseases, clinical decision support for novel treatment concepts, public health surveys and population-based clinical research, as well as the evaluation of healthcare systems. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide an update on the current knowledge with state-of-the-art theory and practical information on human and social perspectives that determine the uptake of technological innovations in big data science in the field of dental medicine. Moreover, it will focus on the identification of future research needs to manage the continuous increase in health data and to accomplish its clinical translation for patient-centered research and personalized dentistry. This Special Issue welcomes all types of studies and reviews considering the perspectives of different stakeholders on technological innovations for big data science in all dental disciplines. Kind regards
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    ISBN: 9783039439652 , 9783039439669
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (440 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The Special Issue “Non-Destructive Testing of Structures” has been proposed to present the recent developments in the field of the diagnostics of structural materials and components in civil and mechanical engineering. The papers highlighted in this editorial concern various aspects of non-invasive diagnostics, including such topics as the condition assessments of civil and mechanical structures and the connections of structural elements, the inspection of cultural heritage monuments, the testing of structural materials, structural health monitoring systems, the integration of non-destructive testing methods, advanced signal processing for the non-destructive testing of structures (NDT), damage detection and damage imaging, as well as modeling and numerical analyses for supporting structural health monitoring (SHM) systems
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    ISBN: 9783039439898 , 9783039439904
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: Metabolic syndrome has been the topic of countless publications. It still remains a subject of debate and some experts have even questioned its clinical relevance. Its diagnosis is nevertheless predictive of an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease even in the absence of traditional risk factors. Many years ago, our team made the point that the most prevalent form of metabolic syndrome was linked to abdominal obesity, which can be found even among individuals who are not considered obese by body weight standards. Imaging techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have revealed the link between regional body fat partitioning and cardiometabolic risk. Visceral obesity is the most dangerous form of obesity, with subcutaneous obesity being associated with lower health risk. We have proposed that excess visceral fat may be a marker of subcutaneous adipose tissue dysfunction not being able to serve as a metabolic sink, causing lipid accumulation at undesired sites, a condition described as ectopic fat deposition. Among the effective approaches to prevent, delay, or manage metabolic syndrome, lifestyle changes are the key elements, with an emphasis on the importance of healthy global dietary patterns, regular physical activity, and adequate sleep quality
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    ISBN: 9783039438594 , 9783039438600
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Asthma is a common complex and heterogeneous respiratory disease with an increasing prevalence in developed countries. Asthma is a disease consisting of different phenotypes that are driven by different mechanistic pathways (endotypes). The recognition of these phenotypes and endotypes is central to asthma management entailing prognostic and therapeutic implications. It is acknowledged that despite optimal treatment, many patients are poorly controlled, highlighting the need for phenotype-guided treatments. In this context, the emergence of novel therapies (monoclonal antibody therapy, bronchial thermoplasty) is paving the way for personalized asthma therapy. A better understanding of disease pathogenesis may enable the identification of biomarkers, mediators, novel therapeutic targets, and treatable traits. Further molecular phenotyping or endotyping of asthma will be necessary to tailor new therapeutic strategies. The present Special Issue on Asthma aims to provide the current knowledge on phenotypes and endotypes in appreciating and managing the heterogeneous condition that is asthma
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    ISBN: 9783039437658 , 9783039437665
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The use of renewable energies and energy saving and efficiency are needs of global society and universities. Universities have a large responsibility and social impact, as they are an example and engine of social change. Universities, in the European context, must be at the forefront of ESA processes, seeking to be at the same level as, and preferably higher than, the rest of society, seeking a goal of 20% renewable energy for 2020 and, in the longer term, greater energy efficiency based on a diverse use of renewable energy and studying the feasibility of other energy processes (cogeneration, trigeneration, etc.). The application of renewable energies and energy efficiency allow universities to make significant savings in their costs and contribute to sustainable development and the fight against climate change. Actions in pursuit of these goals in addition to the objective of energy saving should promote research and form an example for the university community. This book aims to advance the contribution of energy saving and the use of renewable energies in order to achieve more sustainable universities
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    ISBN: 9783039437191 , 9783039437207
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Soil fauna plays a key role in many soil functions, such as organic matter decomposition, humus formation, and nutrient release, modifying soil structure, and improving its fertility. Soil invertebrates play key roles in determining soil suitability for agricultural production and realizing sustainable farming systems. They include an enormous diversity of arthropods, nematodes, and earthworms. However, this fauna suffers from the impact of agricultural activities with implications for the capacity of soil to maintain its fertility and provide ecosystem services. Some agricultural practices may create crucial soil habitat changes, with consequences for invertebrate biodiversity. In the few last decades, especially under intensive and specialized farming systems, a loss in soil ecosystem services has been observed, as a result of the reduction in both the abundance and taxonomic diversity of soil faunal communities. On the other hand, agricultural practices, based on sustainable soil management, can promote useful soil fauna. Therefore, the concerns about the sensibility of soil biota to the agricultural practices make it urgent to develop sustainable management strategies, able to realize favorable microclimate and habitats, and reduce the soil disturbance
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    ISBN: 9783036502724 , 9783036502731
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: A large number of diseases affect salivary gland (SG) secretion through different mechanisms, leading to SG dysfunction and associated oral problems. The glands may suffer from viral, bacterial, and, albeit rarely, fungal infections, which may cause painful swelling or obstruction; they could also become the target of an autoimmune attack or may be affected by various benign and malignant tumors which consist of a heterogeneous group of lesions with complex clinical–pathological characteristics. The loss of normal SG function results in widespread deterioration of oral health. This book, entitled “Diseases of Salivary Glands”, provides an overview of recent advances in the field of SG disorders, focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of SG diseases and on the most innovative investigation techniques that could help to preserve patients’ health, function, and quality of life
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    ISBN: 9783036501581 , 9783036501598
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: International trade is highly affected by mycotoxin contaminations, which result in an annual 5% to 10% loss of global crop production. In the last decade, the mycotoxin scenario has been complicated by the progressive understanding—alongside emerging mycotoxins—of the parallel presence of modified (masked and conjugated) forms, in addition to the previously free known ones. The present Toxins Special Issue presents original research papers and reviews that deal with the fates of all these forms of mycotoxins with respect to aspects that cover traditional and industrial food processing, yearly grain campaign peculiar conditions and management, novel analytical solutions, consumer exposure, and biomarker-assessment directions. It gives a taste of an exciting scientific field that has several implications for our daily life because (i) it covers our diet practically and from every point of view, (ii) it intersects with our culinary uses and customs, but also industrial production processes, and (iii) it involves a careful evaluation of costs and benefits and a constant and continuous improvement of mycotoxin mitigation strategies
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    ISBN: 9783036503608 , 9783036503615
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: The special issue contains research papers with various topics in many different branches of mathematics, applied mathematics, and mathematical physics. Each paper presents mathematical theory, methods, and their application based on current and recent developing symmetric polynomials. Also, each one aims to provide the full understanding of current research problems, theories, and applications on the chosen topics and contains the most recent advances made in the area of symmetric functions and polynomials
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    ISBN: 9783036504582 , 9783036504599
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Psychology
    Abstract: The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to deliver psychological services has been emerging as an effective way of increasing individual access to mental health promotion, prevention, and treatment. This Special Issue brings together different contributions focusing on the acceptability and feasibility, (cost-)effectiveness, potentialities, and limitations of ICT-based psychological services for mental health promotion, prevention, and treatment. In each paper, the implications for the implementation of ICT tools in different settings (e.g., primary care services) and for future research are discussed
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    ISBN: 9783036504469 , 9783036504476
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Nowadays, power electronics is an enabling technology in the energy development scenario. Furthermore, power electronics is strictly linked with several fields of technological growth, such as consumer electronics, IT and communications, electrical networks, utilities, industrial drives and robotics, and transportation and automotive sectors. Moreover, the widespread use of power electronics enables cost savings and minimization of losses in several technology applications required for sustainable economic growth. The topologies of DC–DC power converters and switching converters are under continuous development and deserve special attention to highlight the advantages and disadvantages for use increasingly oriented towards green and sustainable development. DC–DC converter topologies are developed in consideration of higher efficiency, reliable control switching strategies, and fault-tolerant configurations. Several types of switching converter topologies are involved in isolated DC–DC converter and nonisolated DC–DC converter solutions operating in hard-switching and soft-switching conditions. Switching converters have applications in a broad range of areas in both low and high power densities. The articles presented in the Special Issue titled "Advanced DC-DC Power Converters and Switching Converters" consolidate the work on the investigation of the switching converter topology considering the technological advances offered by innovative wide-bandgap devices and performance optimization methods in control strategies used
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    ISBN: 9783039439959 , 9783039439966
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: Over the years, there has been increasing interest into the public health impact of cannabis use, especially by young adults. This follows the evidence of a growing prevalence of regular cannabis use worldwide, with approximately 200 million users. Recreational cannabis use, especially a frequent use of products with high levels of its main psychoactive ingredient delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), can cause dependence and have transient and long-lasting detrimental mental health effects, also negatively impacting cognitive processing and brain function and metabolism. In regular users, the development of tolerance to some of the effects of cannabis, especially the pleasurable ones, may lead to progressively heavier use in order to obtain the same effects in terms of their intensity, with higher health risks. However, the Cannabis Sativa plant contains different chemicals with different potential effects. In this regard, cannabidiol has gained interest because of its potential therapeutic properties, in line with evidence that CBD and Δ9-THC may exhibit opposite effects at the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), Δ9-THC being a partial agonist and CBD an antagonist/inverse agonist. Different cannabinoids may modulate human brain function and behavior in different ways, with different risk–benefit profiles
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    ISBN: 9783039437719 , 9783039437726
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: In recent decades, new technologies have made remarkable progress in helping to understand biological systems. Rapid advances in genomic profiling techniques such as microarrays or high-performance sequencing have brought new opportunities and challenges in the fields of computational biology and bioinformatics. Such genetic sequencing techniques allow large amounts of data to be produced, whose analysis and cross-integration could provide a complete view of organisms. As a result, it is necessary to develop new techniques and algorithms that carry out an analysis of these data with reliability and efficiency. This Special Issue collected the latest advances in the field of computational methods for the analysis of gene expression data, and, in particular, the modeling of biological processes. Here we present eleven works selected to be published in this Special Issue due to their interest, quality, and originality
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    ISBN: 9783039367405 , 9783039367412
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Climate change poses a serious challenge to our health and wellbeing. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves, and the direct impacts of changes in temperature have direct impacts on health. At the same time, broader environmental change affects infectious disease risk, air pollution, and other forms of exposure. The different ways in which climate change will affect health are complex, interactive, and different communities are disproportionately affected. International actions such as the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals recognise the future risks to society and acknowledge that we are already committed to a certain level of climate change. Future adaptation measures therefore need careful assessment and implementation for us to be able to minimise the potential risks from climate change and, at the same time, maximise the potential health benefits of a cleaner, greener world. This Special Issue comprises original research articles and detailed reviews on the likely impacts of climate change on health in a range of geographical settings, and the potential for adaptation measures to reduce some of these risks. Ultimately, studies like these will motivate policy level action for mitigation and help in determining the most effective methods of adaptation to reduce negative impacts in future through embedding scientific evidence into practice
    Note: English
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  • 84
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036501123 , 9783036501130
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction
    Abstract: This Special Issue presents studies on the genotoxicity of nanomaterials. Although nanomaterials provide multiple benefits in a wide range of applications, challenges remain in addressing strong concerns about their risks to the environment and human health. As a result of inconsistencies among published results and diverging conclusions, the understanding of nanomaterial exposure and toxicity remains unclear. Determining whether these materials cause DNA damage—the first step in carcinogenesis—must be a priority in testing. In this book, readers will find recent publications on the genotoxic response to a broad range of nanomaterials, the impact of physico-chemical characteristics, safe-by-design and new developed tools
    Note: English
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  • 85
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783038977742 , 9783038977759
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Transitioning is a key co ...
    Note: English
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9783039437122 , 9783039437115
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Education
    Abstract: This book highlights the design of an educational module for an innovative intensive program. The theme is very relevant in the contemporary approach to teaching activities. In fact, thanks to the didactic design, it is possible to obtain a strong relationship between teachers and learners, as required by the Bologna Process. It also allows a stronger definition of learning outcomes. After a general excursus on the subject, the manuscript refers to a recent experience carried out in the Aeolian Island for the Erasmus + Programme, called VVITA. In it, an international group of students and teachers spent a period in the Aeolian Islands, to focus on the features of local vernacular architecture. The attention has been addressed to the Aeolian House, which is a wonderful example of ante litteram sustainable architecture. On the island of Filicudi, one of the most beautiful of the archipelago, it has preserved its characteristics intact. The book is completed by teachers’ lectures and students’ final reports
    Note: English
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  • 87
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036500386 , 9783036500393
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Industrial energy efficiency has been recognized as a major contributor, in the broader set of industrial resources, to improved sustainability and circular economy. Nevertheless, the uptake of energy efficiency measures and practices is still quite low, due to the existence of several barriers. Research has broadly discussed them, together with their drivers. More recently, many researchers have highlighted the existence of several benefits, beyond mere energy savings, stemming from the adoption of such measures, for several stakeholders involved in the value chain of energy efficiency solutions. Nevertheless, a deep understanding of the relationships between the use of the energy resource and other resources in industry, together with the most important factors for the uptake of such measures—also in light of the implications on the industrial operations—is still lacking. However, such understanding could further stimulate the adoption of solutions for improved industrial energy efficiency and sustainability
    Note: English
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  • 88
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783038978664 , 9783038978671
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social interaction ; Feminism & feminist theory
    Abstract: Gender Equality, the fifth UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 5), aims for the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women and girls. It thereby addresses all forms of violence, unpaid and unacknowledged care and domestic work, as well as the need for equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life. Thus, the areas in which changes with regard to gender equality on a global scale are needed are very broad. In this volume, we focus on three main areas of inquiry, ‘Sexuality’, ‘Politics of Difference’ and ‘Care, Work and Family’, and raise the following transversal questions: How can gender be addressed in an intersectional perspective, linking gender to further categories of difference, which are involved in discrimination? In which ways are binary notions of gender taking part in inequality regimes and by which means can these binaries be questioned? How can we measure, control and portray progress with regard to gender equality and how do we, in doing so, define gender? Which multi-, inter- or transdisciplinary perspectives are needed for understanding the diversity of gender, in order to support a transition to 'gender equality'? Transitioning to Gender Equality is part of MDPI's new Open Access book series Transitioning to Sustainability. With this series, MDPI pursues environmentally and socially relevant research which contributes to efforts toward a sustainable world. Transitioning to Sustainability aims to add to the conversation about regional and global sustainable development according to the 17 SDGs. Set to be published in 2020/2021, the book series is intended to reach beyond disciplinary, even academic boundaries. MDPI supports the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. For use of the SDG logos and design, please see the according Guidelines for the use of the SDG logo, color wheel, and 17 icons
    Note: English
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  • 89
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036504544 , 9783036504551
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: undefined
    Note: English
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  • 90
    Online Resource
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036515182 , 9783036515175
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The optical fiber industry is emerging from the market for selling simple accessories using optical fiber to the new optical-IT convergence sensor market combined with high value-added smart industries such as the bio industry. Among them, fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers are growing faster and more accurately by utilizing fiber optics in various fields such as shipbuilding, construction, energy, military, railway, security, and medical.This Special Issue aims to present novel and innovative applications of sensors and devices based on fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers, and covers a wide range of applications of optical sensors. In this Special Issue, original research articles, as well as reviews, have been published
    Note: English
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  • 91
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036512037 , 9783036512020
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The foundations of sports cardiology include promoting physical activity and providing a safe environment for training and competition for all athletes at all levels, from professional to recreational. To combine these two aims, reliable tools to perform preparticipation screenings are needed. Moreover, those at high risk of potentially life-threatening events should be advised to limit their training load, while others should be reassured that there is no exercise-related cardiovascular risk. We are currently witnessing the advent of new portable devices for remote and mobile heart monitoring and several new and promising biochemical markers, which can support athletes’ diagnostic processes. In this Special Issue of the Diagnostics journal entitled “Diagnostic Challenges in Sports Cardiology”, we present a series of 13 manuscripts, including eight original works, three reviews, and two case reports, which give a glimpse into the current research topics in the area of sports cardiology
    Note: English
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  • 92
    Online Resource
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036524528 , 9783036524535
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The innovative coating and surface hardening technologies developed in recent years allow us to obtain practically any physical–mechanical or crystal–chemical complex properties of the metalworking tool surface layer. Today, the scientific approach to improving the operational characteristics of the tool surface layers produced from traditional tools industrial materials is a highly costly and long-lasting process. Different technological techniques, such as coatings (physical and chemical methods), surface hardening and alloying (chemical-thermal treatment, implantation), a combination of the listed methods, and other solutions are used for this. This edition aims to provide a review of the current state of the research and developments in the field of coatings and surface hardening technologies for cutting and die tools that can ensure a substantial increase of the work resource and reliability of the tool, an increase in productivity of machining, accuracy, and quality of the machined products, reduction in the material capacity of the production, and other important manufacturing factors. In doing so, the main emphasis should be on the results of the engineering works that have had a prosperous approbation in a laboratory or real manufacturing conditions
    Note: English
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  • 93
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036504421
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Chirality, or handedness, is a fundamental physical characteristic, which spans the length scales ranging from elementary particles to the chiral asymmetry of spiral galaxies. The way in which chirality in chemistry, or molecular handedness, may have emerged in a primitive terrestrial environment, and how it can be triggered, amplified, and transferred, are deeply challenging problems rooted in both fundamental scientific interests and the technological potentials for science and society. Chirality constitutes a unifying feature of the living world and is a prime driving force for molecular selection and genetic evolution in biology. In this book, we offer a selection of five distinct approaches to this problem by leading experts in the field. The selected topics range from protein chirality and its relevance to protein ageing, protein aggregation and neurodegeneration, entropy production associated with chiral symmetry breaking in closed systems, chiral oscillations in polymerization models involving higher-order oligomers, the mirror symmetry breaking in liquids and its implications for the development of homochirality in abiogenesis, the role of chirality in the chemical sciences, and some philosophical implications of chirality
    Note: English
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  • 94
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036502540 , 9783036502557
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: In recent years, marine genomics has become a growning rapidly field, helped by the large amount of information that is becoming available to the international scientific community. Taking into account the current excitement in the field of marine biotechnology, this Special Issue entitled “Genome Mining and Synthetic Biology in Marine Natural Product Discovery” aims to to assess the impact of these molecular approaches on the discovery of bioactive compounds from marine organisms. The term “genome mining” is used to identify all bioinformatic investigations aimed at detecting the biosynthetic pathways of bioactive natural products and their possible functional and chemical interactions. Several studies are now reporting on marine organisms. Oceans cover nearly 70% of the Earth’s surface and host a huge ecological, chemical, and biological diversity. The natural conditions of the sea favor, in marine organisms, the production of a large variety of novel molecules with great pharmaceutical potential. Marine organisms are unique in their structural and functional features compared to terrestrial ones. Innovation in this field is very rapid, as revealed by the funding of several Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) and Horizon 2020 projects under the topic “Blue Growth”, with the urgent goal of discovering new drugs
    Note: English
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  • 95
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036507903 , 9783036507910
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the obligate human pathogen“Neisseria gonorrhoeae”. This Gram-negative diplococcus is highly infective due to its virulence factors: pili, Por proteins, Opa proteins, Rmp proteins, lipooligosaccharides and IgA protease. Despite existing guidelines for its treatment, the incidence of the disease follows an increasing trend worldwide. This is mainly due to the appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains, inefficient diagnostic methods and poor sexual education. Without an effective vaccine available, the key priorities for the control of the disease include sexual education, contact notification, epidemiological surveillance, diagnosis and effective antibiotic treatment. This Special Issue focuses on some of these important issuesm such as the molecular mechanisms of the disease, diagnostic tests and different treatment strategies used to combat gonorrhea
    Note: English
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  • 96
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036519463 , 9783036519470
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (508 p.)
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains articles include, but not limited to, empirical, analytical, or design-oriented approaches to the following topics: Monitoring of carrying capacity and mechanisms for managing tourist flows in rural areas; Systems and tools to measure the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of rural tourism; Integration between public tourism policies and private strategies in the promotion and implementation of sustainable practices; Policies for promoting public participation in the planning and development of sustainable rural tourism; The impacts of tourism on traditional agricultural activities; Identity enhancement of the territory and its productions; "Good practices" in the implementation of rural tourism sustainability
    Note: English
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  • 97
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036518077 , 9783036518084
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This timely collection of expert papers draws attention to the global burden of meningitis and the challenges faced by the WHO’s roadmap to defeat meningitis by 2030. The three main goals of the meningitis roadmap are to eliminate epidemics of bacterial meningitis, reduce cases and deaths from vaccine-preventable bacterial meningitis, and reduce disability and improve quality of life after meningitis of any cause. This book includes a wide range of original research and reviews on epidemiology and vaccination of bacterial meningitis that have direct relevance to advancing the goals of the roadmap
    Note: English
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  • 98
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    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036523729 , 9783036523712
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Water is indispensable to the functioning of most known life forms, and good water quality is essential to human health, social and economic development, and ecosystem functioning. Nonetheless, population growth has been leading to the degradation and depletion of fresh water resources. Under these circumstances, ensuring sufficient and safe water supplies for everyone is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 for the year 2030. For this goal to be achieved, the development and implementation of appropriate and efficient wastewater treatments that allow us to reduce water pollution is a major challenge.In view of the relevant contribution that polymers and polymeric materials may have in the conservation of the aquatic environment, namely by their application in wastewater treatment, original research and review papers on “Current trends and perspectives in the application of polymeric materials for wastewater treatment” were here brought together. For sure, this set of papers will be helpful and inspiring for readers interested in this topic
    Note: English
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9783039435494 , 9783039435500
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Zooplankton are of key importance in the structure and functioning of aquatic food webs. They contribute to a large part of the functional and structural biodiversity of predator and prey plankton communities. Promptly responding to long-term and seasonal changes in the physical and chemical environment, they are sensitive indicators of patterns and mechanisms of impact drivers, both natural and human induced. In this volume, we aim to present evidence for both long-term and seasonal changes in zooplankton community structure and dynamics, investigating different approaches from population dynamics to advanced molecular techniques and reconstructing past communities from subfossil remains in lake sediments
    Note: English
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9783036524924 , 9783036524931
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The ability to produce insects has a broad impact on human lives in a wide array of areas including insect pest and weed management, human and veterinary medicine, insect production for food and nutrient supplements, as well as research and education. Insect rearing began as a simple desire, yet never a simple task, has continued to expand, both in methodology and application. A desire to learn about and understand insects grew into a desire to control and manipulate insects, both to suppress and to preserve. Rearing individual life stages extended to continuous rearing and maintaining evolved into production. Ultimately, this results in insects physically and behaviorally similar to those from nature. New multi-omics technologies (transcriptomics, nutrigenomics, metabolomics, etc.) recently increased knowledge of microbiomes, and the manipulation of nutrigenomic analysis and statistical optimization modeling have enabled advances in insect nutrition. These advances have resulted in a better understanding of the effects of the food stream ingredients and rearing conditions on the insect’s physiological and biochemical functions, in addition to promoting the production of high-quality insects. The production has application in research, insect control, and most recently, specialized food niche. Before one application has been fully realized, a new application has emerged, often supported with the application of new technologies. Given this pattern of advancement followed by benefits, there is every reason to anticipate more to come in the field of insect rearing
    Note: English
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