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  • 1
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    Chapter 10 The Anti-Fascist Cultural Theory of Nikolai Bukharin and the Concept of Socialist Humanism (2023)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Taylor & Francis
    Details
    ISBN: 9781032114200 , 9781032114217
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.)
    Keywords: Politics & government
    Abstract: Nikolai Bukharin’s (1888–1938) anti-fascist activity in the mid-1930s and his status as a cultural theoretician have been a neglected topic thus far. After losing his position as General Secretary of the Comintern’s executive committee and being expelled from the Politburo in 1929, Bukharin still found a platform as the chief editor of Izvestiya, in which he published several analyses of fascist ideology until his arrest in 1937. As a response, and in order to surpass the achievements of German high culture, which had fallen under the spell of bourgeois fascism, Bukharin relied on his own interpretation of Marxist philosophy, which he had sketched already in the 1920s but tried to ‘dialecticise’ in the 1930s after being criticised for his overly mechanistic views. The apex of these aspirations are his works Philosophical Arabesques and Socialism and its Culture, written in 1937 while in prison. Both are in many respects rather enigmatic works. In them, Bukharin defended socialist humanism as the only real alternative to fascism. At the same time he was not only silent about the crimes of Stalin, but he also considered the violent and dictatorial features that became branded as Stalinism abroad as a necessary ‘destructive’ force in the dialectical process of history of building communism. In this chapter, Vesa Oittinen and Elina Viljanen analyse the premises of Bukharin’s philosophy of culture and explain its repercussions
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
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    Chapter 1 Introduction : On Soviet Intellectual Culture during the Stalin Era (2023)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Taylor & Francis
    Details
    ISBN: 9781032114200 , 9781032114217
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Keywords: Politics & government
    Abstract: The authors of our book focus on Soviet scholars and cultural theoreticians during the Stalin era from a methodological perspective that distinguishes between Stalinism and culture, an outlook that forms one of the common threads of the book. This introductory chapter focuses on the theoretical grounding of this approach. We argue that the received picture of Soviet culture in general and of Stalin era culture in particular has yet to be fully disentangled from the political and historical narratives of the Cold War epoch, especially with respect to the persistent traits of totalitarianism theory in defining Stalinism. The point of departure from the still dominant ’revisionist’ model of Soviet historiography involves the proposition that Stalin’s brand of totalitarianism was a collective cultural product. Our book in turn revises this thesis by claiming that Stalin rarely sought to control culture in a totalitarian manner. He was aware of the limits of control over culture. Meanwhile, society in general and notable cultural actors in particular need to be contextualised and theorised as political subjects from various points of view. Stalinism was a phenomenon that was organically embedded in the culture of the era – thus the metaphor of a ‘parasite’ seems to describe this relationship in a more adequate manner Stalin era intellectuals can be viewed as cultural actors who adopted different ‘patriotic’ strategies from the political arena to gain some level of autonomy that enabled to them to function in their fields. These strategies ensured that certain theoretical ideas were able to persist despite major political campaigns
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
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    Chapter 6 Everyday Symphonism : Boris Asafiev’s Soviet Theory of Popular Music (2023)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Taylor & Francis
    Details
    ISBN: 9781032114200 , 9781032114217
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Keywords: Politics & government
    Abstract: Stalin’s political takeover of the cultural theoretical pattern of Bolshevik novyy byt ‘new public life’ created a powerful myth of the total repression of ‘bourgeois’ philosophy in the early 1930s. However, since the 1920s novyy byt had also produced directives governing the formation of new theories of ideologically correct ‘spiritual kul’turnost’ (culturality, being civilized) on the basis of ‘the best achievements of bourgeois traditions.’ Classical music represented one of these achievements. The chapter sheds light on the idealist philosophical sides of the Soviet conception of kul’turnost. Looking at the musicologist Boris Asafiev (1884-1949) as an intellectual whose theoretical strategies shaped Soviet culture during the Stalin era, the author shows that the Soviet conception of classical music as a symbol of kul’turnost developed from the late ‘Silver Age’ philosophy of ‘internal’ spiritual life. Shaped by the NEP-era Bolshevik discourse of novyy byt and Pan-European cultural and musical theories, the conception emerged during the Stalinist kul’turnost campaigns. Asafiev renewed his theoretical setting (theory of Intonation) of the 1920s to suit Stalinist ideological outlines of what a ‘socialist approach’ to the arts ought to be. However, his theory was one of the evolving ideas that managed to accomplish this in a way that produced interesting scholarly results. His apology of classical music constitute an interesting intellectual history of Russian appreciation of classical music as a proper type of Russian kul’turnost and explains the Soviet understanding of popular music
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
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    Stalin Era Intellectuals : Culture and Stalinism (2023)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Taylor & Francis
    Details
    ISBN: 9781003219835 , 9781032114200 , 9781032114217
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Politics & government ; Communism, de-stalinization, Marxism-Leninism, Menshevising Idealism, Soviet Idealism ; Sowjetunion ; Stalinismus ; Intellektueller ; Geschichte
    Abstract: This book focuses on the extent to which Soviet scholars and cultural theoreticians were able to act autonomously during the Stalin era. The authors question how we should consider certain intellectual achievements which took place despite the pressure of Stalinism, and how best to recognise and describe such achievements. The chapters in this book offer suggestions for new interpretations on Soviet philosophy of science and humanities, linguistics, philosophy, musicology, literature and mathematics from the point of view of general cultural theory. In this way, they challenge the received image of the Stalin-era humanities which reduces them into mere propaganda. Intended for scholars of Russian and Soviet studies, this book will dispel many received views about the character of Stalinism and Soviet culture
    Note: English
    URL: teilw. kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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