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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (25)
  • 1980-1984  (11)
  • 1970-1974  (13)
  • 1960-1964  (1)
  • Boston, MA : Springer  (25)
  • Leipzig
  • Science (General)  (25)
Datasource
  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (25)
  • BSZ  (1)
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Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475760859
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 130 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The mechanical construction of the microscope -- 2 Image formation in the microscope -- 3 Objectives and eyepieces -- 4 Illumination of the object -- 5 Polarized light microscopy -- 6 Opaque stop and phase contrast microscopy -- 7 Interference microscopy -- 8 Quantitative microscopy -- 9 Specimen preparation -- 10 Photomicrography -- References and further reading -- Appendix: The care of the microscope.
    Abstract: Since Sorby published his observations on the structures of steels in 1863, the optical microscope has become one of the most widely used and versatile instruments for examining the structures of engineering materials. Moreover, to examine the diverse range of materials encountered, it must be used in both the reflected-light and transmitted-light forms, and with polarized light. It is complementary to, but not superseded by, the wide range of electron-optical instruments that are now used. Despite its extensive use, it has been described as the most misused, abused, and misunderstood of scientific instruments, for it will produce an image of a sort no matter how badly it is used. To use it effectively, even in its simplest applications, a knowledge of the simple theory of the microscope is necessary, for the theory shows and explains how it should be used. Thus my aim has been to give a simple and, where possible, quantitative account of both the theory and the use of the microscope, including the various special techniques for which it can be used. But, no matter how effectively the microscope is used, if the specimen is inadequately prepared the results of examination will be of doubtful value.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461579724
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Electrochemistry of Oil-Water Interfaces -- 1. Potential Difference at Oil-Water Interfaces -- 2. Electrocapillarity -- 3. Binding at Oil-Water Interfaces -- 4. Electrocapillary Emulsification -- 5. Coalescence of Droplets -- 6. Potential Distribution of Membrane Systems -- Abbreviations -- Notation -- References -- 2. Kinetic Theory of Flotation of Small Particles -- 1. Specific Features of the Mechanism Involving Fixation of Small Particles on the Surface of a Bubble -- 2. Specific Features of the Mechanism of Transfer of Small Particles to the Bubble Surface -- 3. Quantitative Theory of Flotation of Small and Medium-Sized Spherical Particles -- 4. Quantitative Experimental Research into Flotation of Small Particles -- 5. Detachment of Small Particles in Contactless Flotation and the Dynamic Adsorption Layer of a Bubble -- 6. Nonequilibrium Surface Forces in Flotation -- 7. Collision Efficiency and Flotation Kinetics -- 8. Influence of Aggregation of the Particles on the Elementary Act of Inertia-free Flotation -- 9. Flotation of Submicron Particles -- 10. Conclusions -- Notation -- References -- 3. Specifically Impermeable Precipitate Membranes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Hirsch Effect -- 3. Precipitate Formation by Double Diffusion in Gels -- 4. Place of First Formation of Precipitate Lines in Double Diffusion in Gels -- 5. Evolution of Precipitate Lines in Double Diffusion as a Function of Reagent Concentration and Time -- 6. Nondiffusion Methods for Generating Precipitate Lines -- 7. Single-Diffusion Precipitation -- 8. Liesegang Phenomenon -- 9. Biological Precipitate Membranes -- References -- 4. Dynamic Surface Tension and Capillary Waves -- 1. Introduction: Surface Constitutive Equations -- 2. General Theoretical Discussion -- 3. General Remarks on Ripple Methods for the Study of Dynamic Surface Tension -- 4. Interfacial Wave Methods -- 5. The Spectroscopy of Ripples -- 6. Appendix: Reduction of the Determinant Given by Hansen et al. -- References -- 5. Digital-Computer-Oriented Numerical Analysis in Surface Chemistry -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nonlinear Least-Squares Analysis -- 3. Analysis of Model Stability to Small Errors: Prediction Analysis -- 4. Methods -- 5. Appendix -- References -- 6. Advances in Experimental Techniques for Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mercury Intrusion Instruments -- 3. Sample Selection and Preparation -- 4. Low-Pressure Intrusion Measurements -- 5. High-Pressure Intrusion Measurements -- 6. Rate of Pressurization -- 7. Presentation of Intrusion Results -- 8. Microcomputers and Porosimeters -- 9. Testing Particulate Materials -- 10. Other Useful Information Available from an Intrusion Experiment -- 11. Closing Statement -- References -- 7. The Contact Angle of Mercury on the Internal Surfaces of Porous Bodies: A Footnote to D. N. Winslow’s Review of Porosimetry -- 1. Introduction -- References -- Author Index.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9781475717730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 355 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Regression of Atherosclerosis in Animals -- The Pathobiology of the Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Mid-1980s -- Interaction of Therapeutic Diets and Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs in Regression Studies in Animals -- Progression and Regression of Nonhuman Primate Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis: Considerations of Experimental Design -- The Comparative Pathology of Nonhuman Primate Atherosclerosis -- Plant Glycosides. Effects on Atherosclerosis Regression in Macaca fascicularis -- Plasma Lipoprotein Changes Induced by Diets. Effect on Progression and Regression of Arterial Lesions in Nonhuman Primates -- Regression of Arterial Lesions in Animal Models: Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopic Aspects -- Use of Cholesteryl Ester Analogs to Study Transport of Lipoproteins in Intact Animals -- Interaction Between Lipids and the Intercellular Matrix of the Arterial Wall: Its Role in the Evolution of the Atherosclerotic Lesion -- II. Studies on Human Atherosclerosis -- The Evolution of Human Atherosclerotic Lesions -- Possible Recognition of Atherosclerosis Regression in Humans -- High-Density Lipoproteins and Their Role in Preventing or Retarding Atherosclerosis -- Studies on Arterial Interstitial Fluid -- Comparison of the Morphology of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Coronary Arteries of Man with Morphology of Lesions Produced and Regressed in Experimental Primates -- Control or Reversal of Atherosclerosis Through Therapy of Lipid Disorders -- Planning and Evaluation of Studies on Atherosclerosis in Controlled Clinical Trials -- Status of Controlled Clinical Trials in Peripheral Vessel Atherosclerosis -- Regression of Atherosclerosis in Man: Current Data and Their Methodological Limitations -- Regression of Femoral Atherosclerosis in Humans: Methodological and Clinical Problems Associated with Studies of Femoral Atherosclerosis Development as Assessed by Angiograms -- Regression of Atherosclerosis in Humans: Anatomical Evidence from Postmortem Studies.
    Abstract: The Advanced Study Institute on Regression of Atherosclerotic Lesions, sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, was held in Maratea, Italy, September 11-13, 1983. The institute was designed to foster discussion of experimental data on the regression of atherosclerosis in animals and evidence of a similar phenomenon in humans. The participating scientists showed with anatomical and biochemical data, that atherosclerosis regresses in cholesterol fed animals after withdrawal of atherogenic stimuli. The existence of regression in humans was inferred from sequential angiographic visualization of arteries, but anatomical and biochemical characteristics of the process have not been defined. Two mechanisms are probably involved in such an angiographic regression. The first, which may occur when hyperlipidemia is partly or fully corrected or during undernutrition or other metabolic abnormalities, may be related to atherosclerosis changes noted in animals undergoing regression. The second type seems independent of changes in plasma lipid levels and may involve resolution of thrombi or other underlying arterial wall factors. The relative frequencies of the two mechanisms are unknown; whether they can occur simultaneously also warrants consideration. It is likely that an exciting milestone will be forthcoming when regression of atherosclerosis is unequivocally demonstrated in humans. Publication of these institute proceedings constitutes a valuable background for future developments.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461592693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468468465
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Robot Technology, A Series in Eight Volumes 1
    Series Statement: Robot Technology 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Definitions and objectives -- Origin of the word ‘robot’ -- Robotics today -- What is a robot? -- Classification of robots -- Conclusions -- 2 Structure and specification of articulated robots -- Degrees of freedom of a solid -- Degrees of freedom of a robot -- Position of the vehicle and resulting redundancy of degrees of freedom -- How many degrees of freedom? -- False degrees of freedom -- Architecture of the arm -- Description of articulated mechanical systems -- Conclusions -- 3 Articulated mechanical systems: determination of kinematic elements -- Computation of the orientation of a chain relative to a set bound to an upper segment -- Computation of the orientation of a chain relative to a set bound to a lower segment -- Computation of the position of a point on a chain in relation to an upper segment -- Computation of the position of a point on a chain in relation to a lower segment -- Determination of the velocity vectors of rotation of different segments of a chain relative to a set of coordinate axes -- Determination of the velocity vectors of translation of different segments of a chain relative to a set of coordinate axes -- Conclusions -- 4 Calculation of robot articulation variables -- The absence of a solution -- An infinite number of solutions -- A limited number of solutions -- Practical choice of [Pi(R0), Sj(R0)] -- Mechanisms with six degrees of freedom -- Mechanisms with more than six degrees of freedom -- Conclusions -- 5 Positional control of articulated robots -- Reference and starting configurations -- The principles of positional control -- Balanced and initialization configurations -- The problems associated with positional control -- 6 Speed control of articulated robots -- The principles of speed control -- Problems arising from the use of equation (6-16) -- Methods of resolving redundant systems -- Conclusions -- 7 Articulated mechanical systems: the dynamic model -- A dynamic model for an open articulated chain of rigid segments, without backlash or friction -- Development of a dynamic equation for a system having three degrees of freedom -- Another type of model: the bond graph -- Difficulties with dynamic models -- A dynamic model of a belt drive -- Conclusions -- 8 Dynamic control of articulated robots -- Problems associated with real time and computation -- Simplification of the equation of the model -- Other methods of dynamic control -- The choice of the space used in computation -- Conclusions -- 9 Learning and trajectory generation -- Methods of recording trajectories -- Manual control used outside of training -- Improved controls -- Trajectory generation -- Conclusions -- 10 Tasks and performance of articulated robots -- Description of tasks -- The performance of articulated robots -- Conclusions -- References.
    Abstract: This first volume in the series is based on part of a course that I taught in various state and private institutions during 1979 and 1980. It was concerned with the design and control of stationary, articulated robots operating as non-feedback systems. This book (which is devoted to the statement and understanding of problems rather than their solution) presents a review of some of the work, started in 1972, of the team involved with robotics and biomechanics at the Automation Laboratory at Montpellier, in association with the French National Centre for Scientific Research. I am greatly indebted to Professor A. Liegeois, the guiding light of the team, to A. Fournier, E. Dombre, W. Khalil, P. Molinier and P. Borrel who have contributed so much to the progress made in this field. The second volume will describe the present state of the knowledge of robotic systems which are able to perceive the environment, to a greater or lesser extent, and to react appropriately. Such robots will be able to perform the function required of them, in spite of unpredictable, limited changes in the environment. The third volume will deal with teleoperations, the branch of robotics characterized by the necessary and almost permanent presence of a human operator at the controls. The fourth volume will be concerned with technological components of robots and further volumes will discuss robotic languages and programming methods, decision autonomy and artificial intelligence and, finally, the computer-aided design of robots.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9781468471205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 291 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Control engineering. ; Robotics. ; Automation. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Fundamentals and management -- 1. Robot use in manufacturing -- 2. Robot anatomy -- 3. End effectors: hands, grippers, pickups and tools -- 4 Matching robots to the workplace -- 5. Reliability, maintenance and safety -- 6. Organizing to support robotics -- 7. Robot economics -- 8. Sociological impact of robots -- 9. Future capabilities -- II Application studies -- 10. Die casting applications -- 11. Spot welding applications -- 12. Arc welding applications -- 13. Investment casting applications -- 14. Forging applications -- 15. Press work applications -- 16. Spray painting applications -- 17. Plastic molding applications -- 18. Applications in foundry practice -- 19. Machine tool loading applications -- 20. Heat treatment applications -- 21. Applications for deburring metal parts -- 22. Palletizing applications -- 23. Applications in brick manufacture -- 24. Applications in glass manufacture -- Appendix: List of principal robot manufacturers.
    Abstract: THE REAL THING by Isaac Asimov Back in 1939, when I was still a teenager, I began to write (and publish) a series of stories about robots which, for the first time in science fiction, were pictured as having been deliberately engineered to do their job safely. They were not intended to be creaky Gothic menaces, nor outlets for mawkish sentiment. They were simply well-designed machines. Beginning in 1942, I crystallized this notion in what I called 'The Three Laws of Robotics' and, in 1950, nine of my robot stories were collected into a book, I, Robot. I did not at that time seriously believe that I would live to see robots in action and robotics becoming a booming industry .... Yet here we are, better yet, I am alive to see it. But then, why shouldn't they be with us? Robots fulfil an important role in industry. They do simple and repetitive jobs more steadily, more reliably, and more uncomplainingly than a human being could - or should. Does a robot displace a human being? Certainly, but he does so at a job that, simply because a robot can do it, is beneath the dignity of a human being; a job that is no more than mindless drudgery. Better and more human jobs can be found for human beings - and should.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475767551
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 327 p) , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The Structure of the Limbic System -- 2. The Hypothalamus -- 3. The Amygdala -- 4. The Septal Area -- 5. The Hippocampus -- 6. The Graven Image, Lethe, and the Guru -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: 107 with treatments that affect the arousal of the animals is also implied on the basis of the behavioral changes induced in the lesioned animals by amphetamine administration and by changes in the motivational circumstances under which the animals are tested. Studies of the effects of cingulate lesions in the rat have involved the production of midline cortical damage. Unfortunately, as reported in the previous chapter, the midline cortex of the rat is not comparable to the midline cortex of other animals as defined on the basis of the fibers it receives from the thalamus. In addition, lesions of the midline cortex, whether in the rat or in other species, are likely to interfere with fibers of the neural systems in or near it. These include the cingulum bundle and the supracallosal fibers of the fornix. Norepi­ nephrine-containing fibers also pass through this region in or near the cingulum bundle. These fibers ascend through the anterior dor­ solateral septal area and turn up and back to pass through the midline regions and innervate the entire medial cortex (Morrison, Molliver, & Grzanna, 1979). Lesions in this area reduce the norepinephrine distribution throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the medial cortex. A similar problem results from destruction to the anterior cortical regions. Lesions in that region could reduce the norepinephrine sup­ plies of the entire dorsolateral cortex.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9781468442298
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 297 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences, Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada 25
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 25
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communications Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology and Earth Science -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Science -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering, Water Pollution and Resources -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis­ seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac­ tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing. house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 25 (thesis year 1980) a total of 10,308 theses titles from 27 Canadian and 214 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 25 reports theses submitted in 1980, on occasion, certain universities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475712384
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 275 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461597032
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Outline Studies in Biology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 An Introduction to Bioenergetics -- 1.1 The Flow of Energy and Materials in Biology -- 1.2 Adenosine 5?-triphosphate (ATP) -- 1.3 Phosphoryl Transfer Reactions -- 1.4 Substrate-Level Phosphorylation -- 1.5 Oxidation — Reduction Reactions -- 1.6 Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation -- 2 The Components of the Respiratory Chain -- 2.1 Nicotinamide Nucleotides -- 2.2 Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase -- 2.3 Respiratory Chain Dehydrogenases -- 2.4 Ubiquinone -- 2.5 Cytochromes -- 2.6 The Composition and Reconstitution of the Respiratory Chain -- 2.7 Spectrophotometric Analyses -- 2.8 Bacterial Respiratory Chains -- 2.9 Electron and Hydrogen Transfer -- 3 The Organization and Function of the Coupling Membrane -- 3.1 Mitochondrial Structure and Function -- 3.2 The Organization of the Mitochondrial Energy Conservation System -- 3.3 Mitochondrial Solute Transport -- 3.4 The Morphology and Organization of the Bacterial Coupling Membrane -- 3.5 Bacterial Solute Transport -- 4 Energy Coupling -- 4.1 Energy Coupling Sites -- 4.2 Respiratory Control -- 4.3 Crossover Points -- 4.4 Uncoupling Agents -- 4.5 Phosphorylation Inhibitors -- 4.6 Reversed Electron Transfer -- 4.7 The Energized State -- 5 Mechanisms of Oxidative Phosphorylation -- 5.1 The Chemical Hypothesis -- 5.2 The Chemiosmotic Hypothesis -- 5.3 The Localized Proton Hypothesis -- 5.4 The Conformational Hypothesis -- 5.5 Chemiosmotic, Localized Proton or Conformational Hypothesis? -- Suggestions for Further Reading.
    Abstract: The student of biological science in his final years as an undergraduate and his first years as a graduate is expected to gain some familiarity with current research at the frontiers of his discipline. New research work is published in a perplexing diversity of publications and is inevitably concerned with the minutiae of the subject. The sheer number of research journals and papers also causes confusion and difficulties of assimilation. Review articles usually presuppose a background know­ ledge of the field and are inevitably rather restricted in scope. There is thus a need for short but authoritative introductions to those areas of modern biological research which are either not dealt with in standard introductory textbooks or are not dealt with in sufficient detail to enable the student to go on from them to read scholarly reviews with profit. This series of books is designed to satisfy this need. The authors have been asked to produce a brief outline of their subject assuming that their readers will have read and remembered much of a standard introductory textbook on biology. This outline then sets out to provide by building on this basis, the conceptual framework within which modern research work is progressing and aims to give the reader an indication of the problems, both conceptual and practical, which must be overcome if progress is to be maintained.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468410396
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468426045
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 286 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Masters Theses Listed by Study Discipline -- 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communications Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by TPRC at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemina­ tion phases of the activity was transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we have concluded that it will be in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by a well-known publishing house to assure improved service and better communication. Hence, effective with this Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences will be disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. As we embark on this new partnership with Plenum, we also initiate a new venture in that this important annual reference work now covers Canadian universities as well as those in the United States. We are sure that this broader base will greatly enhance the value of these volumes.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461582588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 421 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Corrosion and Deposition of Steels and Nickel-Base Alloys in Liquid Sodium -- Chemistry of Solid-Liquid Metal Reactions -- Corrosion and Deposition Observations -- Corrosion Models -- Discussion of the Proposed Corrosion Equation -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Titanium Alloys -- Physical Metallurgy of Titanium -- Electrochemistry of Titanium -- Presentation of Stress-Corrosion Cracking Data -- Fracture -- Discussion -- Practical Aspects of SCC of Titanium Alloys -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Intergranular Corrosion of Iron-Nickel-Chromium Alloys -- The Iron-Nickel-Chromium System -- Phenomenology and Models -- Experimental Techniques and Method -- Summary -- References -- Note Added in Proof.
    Abstract: This series was organized to provide a forum for review papers in the area of corrosion. The aim of these reviews is to bring certain areas of corrosion science and technology into a sharp focus. The volumes of this series are published approximately on a yearly basis and each contains three to five reviews. The articles in each volume are sekcted in such a way as to be of interest both to the corrosion scientists and the corrosion technologists. There is, in fact, a particular aim in juxtaposing these interests because of the importance of mutual interaction and interdisciplinarity so important in corrosion studies. It is hoped that the corrosion scientists in this way may stay abreast of the activities in corrosion technology and vice versa. In this series the term "corrosion" is used in its very broadest sense. It includes, therefore, not only the degradation of metals in aqueous en­ vironment but also what is commonly referred to as "high-temperature oxidation. " Further, the plan is to be even more general than these topics; the series will include all solids and all environments. Today, engineering solids include not only metals but glasses, ionic solids, polymeric solids, and composites of these. Environments of interest must be extended to liquid metals, a wide variety of gases, nonaqueous electrolytes, and other non­ aqueous liquids.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9781461586722
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I The Superconducting State of Materials and Methods of Estimating It -- The Phenomenon of Superconductivity -- Empirical Rules -- Methods of Measuring the Critical Superconducting Characteristics of Metals and Alloys -- Low-Temperature Technique -- Metallography of Superconducting Alloys -- Literature Cited -- II Superconducting Elements -- Properties of Superconducting Elements -- Effect of Deformation and Interstitial Impurities on the Superconducting Properties of the Elements -- Literature Cited -- III Superconducting Compounds -- Compounds with the Cr3Si Structure -- Interstitial Phases and Certain Other Compounds of Metals with Nonmetals -- Sigma and Laves Phases and Similar Compounds -- Superconducting Compounds with Other Types of Structures -- Effect of Alloying Elements and Impurities on the Structure and Properties of Compounds -- Effect of Heat Treatment and Other Factors on the Superconducting Characteristics of Compounds -- Literature Cited -- IV Physicochemical Analysis of Superconducting Systems -- Binary Superconducting Systems -- Ternary and More Complex Superconducting Systems -- Literature Cited -- V Production of Superconducting Materials -- Effect of Composition, Deformation, and Heat Treatment on the Critical Current of Superconducting Alloys -- Technology of the Production of Superconducting Alloys -- Properties and Production Technology of Parts Made from Superconducting Compounds -- Literature Cited -- VI Applications -- Superconducting Magnets -- Computing Technology -- Electronics and Measuring Technology -- Nuclear Power and Space -- Electrical Machines -- Conclusion -- Literature Cited.
    Abstract: With the increased interest in superconductivity applications through­ out the world and the necessity of obtaining a firmer understanding of the basic concepts of superconductivity, the editors of the In­ ternational Cryogenics Monograph series are extremely grateful for the opportunity to add Superconducting Materials to this series. This comprehensive review and summary of superconducting ma­ terials was originally prepared by the Russian authors in 1969 and has been specifically updated for this series. It is the most thorough review of the literature on this subject that has been made to date. Since advances in the development and use of new superconducting materials are largely associated with the general state and level in the development of the physical theory of superconductivity, the physical chemistry of metals, metallography, metal physics, tech­ nical physics, and manufacturing techniques, it is hoped that this monograph will provide the stimulus for further advances in all aspects of this exciting field. The editors express their appreciation to the authors, the translators, and Plenum Publishing Corporation for their assistance and continued interest in making this worthy addition to the series possible.
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  • 15
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    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468428476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: ALZA Conference Series 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Section I — Temporal Organization in Biosystems -- The Biological Time Scale -- Temporal and Hierarchical Organization in Biosystems -- Time and Timelessness in Biological Clocks -- Section II — Temporal Aspects of Subcellular Synthesis -- Sequential Assembly of Virus Particles -- Temporal Aspects of Macromolecular Synthesis in Eukaryotic Cells -- Section III — Temporal Aspects of Organ System Function -- Hormonal Control of the Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation in the Rhesus Monkey -- Section IV — Temporal Patterns and Therapeutics -- Pharmacokinetic Aspects of Controlled Drug Delivery Systems -- Cell Proliferation Characteristics and Cancer Chemotherapy -- Chronopharmacology in the Treatment of Hypertension with Diuretics -- Testosterone Polydimethylsiloxane Implants and Contraception in Male Rabbits -- Progress towards an Implantable Glucose Sensor and an Artificial Beta Cell -- Epilogue.
    Abstract: Drugs are molecular agents of a physician's purpose. Discussions of their mechanisms of action center upon biochemical processes, even though the therapeutic intent may be to create an effect at a higher level of organization. We often prescribe to stop pain, increase vigor, assure sleep, curtail infection, alleviate inflammation, elevate mood, etc. To achieve rational therapy at high levels of organization it is not enough to know the molecular structures of drugs, and the points at which they couple into biochemical reaction chains. Such knowledge deals with static concepts, whereas the biosystems we treat extend in the dimensions of time as well as in those of space. Even when "resting", a biosystem manifests a dynamic stability, and sustains numerous processes whose successive states follow trajectories in time. A chemical message is not necessarily received by a biosystem as the same signal at one time as at another. Studies of cell cycle biochemistry, and of circadian variations in toxicity of some agents, have emphasized the importance of time as an aspect of therapeutics. In this volume, temporal aspects of living systems are considered. In the first section they are dealt with from the point of view of general design principles, in three papers by Morowitz, by Yates and Iberall, and by Winfree. In the second section, papers by Kaiser and by Thompson present accounts of sequential events in fundamental subcellular processes.
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468481907
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 386 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Neuroscience Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I: Introduction -- 1: Assumptions -- 2: Methods -- 3: Signalling in the Nervous System -- II: The First-Order Code -- 4: Variables of the Sensory Code -- 5: Direct Contact with the World -- 6: The Inner Senses -- 7: The External Chemical Senses -- 8: The Inner Ear -- 9: The Photoreceptors of the Retina -- III: Coding in the Center -- 10: Approaches to Brain Function -- 11: Sensory Synaptic Cascades -- 12: Central Coding in the Somatic Senses -- 13: The Central Code of Hearing -- 14: The Central Code of Sight -- 15: The Central Code of the Chemical Senses -- IV: Postscript -- V: Literature -- References -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Great advances have been made in the area of sensory physiology during the last few decades, and these developments seem to be asking for a comprehensive review that is manageable in size and cohesive in content. This volume has been written with that goal in mind. In the first place I would like to thank Mr. R. van Frank of Appleton-Century-Crofts for asking me to do the job, and my wife for persuading me to do it, for writing it was an enjoyable task. Much of the discussion of factual data set to print here evolved in question-and-answer sessions in courses given to students in physiology, psychology, and medicine, and to physicians training in neurology, neurosur­ gery, and psychiatry. Besides my students, I had in mind while preparing this text my professional colleagues laboring on their lecture notes under circum­ stances perhaps not unlike my own. The material is divided in two parts. The first deals with the manner of representation of sensory information in peripheral nerves: the so-called first order code. The second half of the text deals with the handling of sense data by the central nervous system. One reason for dividing the material in this way is that many of the features of the first-order code are common to all sensory modalities. The intensity, the place, the rhythm, the "quality" of stimuli are encoded by rules which are applicable, albeit with appropriate modifications, to all senses. Furthermore, these rules of coding are today rather well understood.
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461582557
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Biological Corrosion -- 2 Ellipsometry in Corrosion Technology -- 3 Stress-Corrosion Cracking of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys.
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  • 18
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    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475704655
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Dynamics of Electrons in Metals: Low-Temperature Effects.. -- 1.1. Theoretical Conditions -- 1.2. Definition of the Hall Effect -- 1.3. Semiclassical Electronic Motion with Electric and Magnetic Fields -- 1.4. Quantum Effects -- 1.5. Size Effects -- 2 The Hall Effect in Limiting Cases -- 2.1. The Hall Effect in the Classical High-Field Limit -- 2.2. The Hall Effect in the Low-Field Limit -- 2.3. The Hall Effect in the Two-Band Model -- 3 The Hall Effect in Nearly-Free-Electron Metals -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. The Harrison Construction -- 3.3. The Examples of Al and In -- 4 The Hall Effect in Group 1B Metals -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. The Hall Effect in the Pure Group 1B Metals -- 4.3. The Hall Effect in Very Dilute Alloys -- 4.4. The Hall Effect in Alloys with B-Metal Solutes -- 5 The Hall Effect in Magnetic Metals -- 5.1. Phenomenological Aspects -- 5.2. Some Conduction-Electron Spin Interactions -- 5.3. Survey of the Theoretical Developments -- 6Experimental Techniques and the Hall Effect in Unusual Conditions -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Sources of Error -- 6.3. Methods with Electrical Contact to the Sample -- 6.4. Methods without Contacts -- 6.5. Measurements under Unusual Conditions -- 7 A Guide to the Literature for Metallic Elements and Binary Metallic Alloys -- Appendix A Derivation of Expression (2.59) -- Appendix B Units and Conversion Factors -- Notes Added in Proof -- Author Index.
    Abstract: I hope this book will be useful to at least two groups of individuals: the nonspecialist reader with a general knowledge of solid-state science and seeking an introduction to the theory and practice of the Hall effect in metals, and the specialist seeking a contemporary review of the relevant literature. The literature has been surveyed thoroughly up to the middle of 1970, while the more accessible journals have been followed to late 1970. I have been selective in cases where there is a great volume of literature, particu­ larly in the case of old or obscure measurements of low accuracy, but in all cases I have tried to present the reader with sufficient information to judge whether a particular reference matches his interest and is therefore worth tracing. I compiled the book from reading the original publications, but inevitably there will be errors arising in transcription or inadvertent omissions. I hope the reader finding these will be charitable enough to write to me. lt is a pleasure to acknowledge the numerous useful discussions I have had at various times with associates and colleagues, particularly Drs. Mme M. T. Beal-Monod, J. E. A. Alderson, R. D. Barnard, T. Farrell, and P. Monod. Their influence appears at various points in the text-although, of course, they must not be held responsible for anything I have written.
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  • 19
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468471762
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Neuroscience Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Functional and Phylogenetic Perspective -- 2. Hibernation and The Hypothalamus -- 3. The Medial Hypothalamus and Prehibernation Obesity: A Theory Based on Behavioral Tests -- 4. Control Systems for Annual Cycles -- 5. Thermoregulation During Hibernation: The Adjustable Thermostat -- 6. The Conditions for Torpor -- 7. Hypothalamic Plasticity -- 8. Implications and Speculations -- Main Sources for References on Hibernation -- References -- Additional References.
    Abstract: Mammalian hibernation is commonly thought of as something completely out of the ordinary, a "unique and unorthodox state." The present book takes the opposite view. It argues that the physiological achievements of hibernators do not deEend on special mechanisms but on special use of ordinary mechanisms. It is precisely this that makes the hibernators important. If the hibernators de­ pend on some unique physiological principle their study is that of a biological curio. But if they are using basic mammalian systems in a quantitatively extreme way, then they are a naturally occurring preparation of enormous potential. Hibernation involves every aspect of the animal's biology from fat metabo­ lism to behavior, from thermoregulation to dental caries; every system in the body is affected in some way or other by hibernation. A comprehensive account of hibernation would be almost coextensive with an account of the whole of mammalian biology. The present book does not attempt to describe everything that has been discovered about hibernation. Excellent coverage for that already exists in the proceedings of three recent symposia and in the other major source materials listed on page 233. There is in fact an enormous amount of information already available. But there is a difference between information and understanding. Despite the increasing volume of research and growing interest in mammalian hibernation, there is little appreciation of the essential characteristics of the phenomena. The pieces of the puzzle lie scattered.
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  • 20
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    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461565253
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVIII, 630 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Absorption, Diffusion, Distribution, and Elimination of Ethanol: Effects on Biological Membranes -- The Metabolism of Alcohol in Normals and Alcoholics: Enzymes -- Effect of Ethanol on Intracellular Respiration and Cerebral Function -- Effect of Ethanol on Neurohumoral Amine Metabolism -- The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Ethanol -- The Effect of Alcohol on Carbohydrate Metabolism: Carbohydrate Metabolism in Alcoholics -- Protein, Nucleotide, and Porphyrin Metabolism -- Effects of Ethanol on Lipid, Uric Acid, Intermediary, and Drug Metabolism, Including the Pathogenesis of the Alcoholic Fatty Liver -- Biochemistry of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease in Alcoholism -- Alcohol and Vitamin Metabolism -- The Effect of Alcohol on Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism -- Mineral Metabolism in Alcoholism -- Alcohol-Endocrine Interrelationships -- Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Alcohol -- Biochemical Mechanisms of Alcohol Addiction -- Methods for the Determination of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde -- The Chemistry of Alcoholic Beverages.
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  • 21
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468418873
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Deformation Processes in Pure Metals -- 1.1. Glossary of Terms Relevant to the Tensile Test -- 1.2. Elastic Deformation -- 1.3. General Aspects of Plastic Deformation in Metals -- 1.4. The Effect of Temperature on the Yield and Flow of Pure Face-Centered-Cubic Metals -- 1.5. The Effect of Temperature on the Yield and Flow of Pure Body-Centered-Cubic Metals -- 1.6. The Effect of Temperature on the Yield and Flow of Pure Hexagonal-Close-Packed Metals -- 1.7. A Comparison of the Main Characteristics of Face-Centered-Cubic, Body-Centered-Cubic, and Hexagonal-Close-Packed Metals -- 1.8. Plastic Deformation at Constant Stress: Creep -- 1.9. Annealing: Recovery and Recrystallization -- References -- 2 Deformation Processes in Impure Metals and Alloys -- 2.1. Yield and Flow in Solution-Hardened Single-Phase Alloys -- 2.2. Yield and Flow in Precipitation-Hardened Alloys -- 2.3. Yield and Flow in Two-Phase Alloys -- 2.4. Yield Drops and Serrated Stress-Strain Curves -- Note Added in Proof -- References -- 3 Fracture -- 3.1. Basic Mechanisms of Ductile and Brittle Failure -- 3.2. Crack Propagation: Fracture Toughness -- 3.3. The Ductile-Brittle Transition in Ferrous Metals -- 3.4. Time-Dependent Failure -- References -- 4 The Properties of Nonmetals -- 4.1. Polymers -- 4.2. Ceramics and Glasses -- 4.3. Composites -- References -- 5 Testing Methods and Techniques -- 5.1. Basic Types of Cryostat and Cooling System -- 5.2. Modifications, Variations, and Special-Purpose Attachments -- 5.3. Extensometry -- References -- 6 Design and Materials Selection Criteria -- 6.1. Compatibility -- 6.2. Toughness -- 6.3. Practicability -- 6.4. Economic Considerations -- 6.5. Other Technical Considerations -- References -- Appendix I A Brief Summary of the American Aluminum Association Alloy and Temper Designation System -- Appendix II Conversion Table for the Units Most Commonly Used to Measure Stress or Pressure -- Appendix III Some Important Cryogenic Temperatures.
    Abstract: In writing this monograph, the aim has been to consider the mechanical properties of the wide range of materials now available in such a way as to start with the fundamental nature of these properties and to follow the discussion through to the point at which the reader is able to comprehend the significance or otherwise of the large amounts of data now available in design manuals and other compilations. In short, it is hoped that this volume will be used as a companion to these data compilations and as an aid to their interpretation. In attempting to cover such a wide field, a large degree of selection has been necessary, as complete volumes have been written on topics which here have had to be covered in a few pages or less. It is inevitable that not everyone will agree with the choice made, especially if it is his own subject which has been discussed rather briefly, and the author accepts full res­ ponsibility for the selection made. The book is written at a level which should be easily followed by a university graduate in science or engineer­ ing, although, if his background has not included a course in materials science, some groundwork may be lacking.
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  • 22
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    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475706352
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 336 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: One Physical Principles and Experimental Methods of Investigation of the Biological Action of Electromagnetic Fields -- 1. Physical Characteristics of Electromagnetic Fields -- Chapter2. Natural and Artificial Sources of Electromagnetic Fields in the Habitats of Organisms -- 3. Electric Properties of the Tissues of Living Organisms -- 4. Physical Principles of the Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields with Biological Objects -- 5. Dosimetry of Electromagnetic Fields for the Assessment of Their Effects on Man and Animals -- Two Experimental Investigations of the Biological Action of Electromagnetic Fields -- 6. Irreversible and Permanent Effects of Electromagnetic Fields in Entire Organisms -- 7. Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Neurohumoral Regulation in Entire Organism -- 8. Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Reproduction and Development of Organisms -- 9. Effects of Electromagnetic Fields at the Cellular and Molecular Levels -- 10. Mechanisms of the Experimentally Observed Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields -- Three Role of Electromagnetic Fields in the Regulation of the Vital Activity of Organisms -- 11. Environmental Electromagnetic Fields and the Vital Activity of Organisms -- 12. Electromagnetic Fields within the Organism and Their Role in the Regulation of Vital Processes -- 13. Role of Electromagnetic Fields in Informational Interconnections between Organisms -- 14. Practical Applications -- Conclusion -- References.
    Abstract: A broad region of the electromagnetic spectrum long assumed to have no influence on living systems under natural conditions has been critically re-examinjld over the past decade. This spectral region extends from the superhigh radio frequencies, through de­ creasing frequencies, to and including essentially static electric and magnetic fields. The author of this monograph, A. S. Presman, has reviewed not only the extensive Russian literatur!;"l, but also al­ most equally comprehensively the non-Russian literature, dealing with biological influences of these fields. Treated also is literature shedding some light on possible theoretical foundations for these phenomena. A substantial, rapidly increaSing number of studies in many laboratories and countries has now clearly established bio­ logical influences which are independent of the theoretically pre­ dictable, simple thermal effects. Indeed many of the effects are produced by field strengths very close to those within the natural environment. The author has, even more importantly, set forth a novel, imaginative general hypothesis in which it is postulated that such electromagnetic fields normally serve as conveyors of information from the environment to the organism, within the organism, and among organisms. He postulates that in the course of evolution or­ ganisms have come to employ these fields in conjunction with the well-known sensory, nervous, and endocrine systems in effecting coordination and integration.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9781468418453
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 615 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The Evaluation of Particulates Deposited in Flowing Non-isothermal Sodium Systems -- 2. Interaction Effects Between Dissimilar Metals in High Velocity Sodium at Temperatures up to 760°C. I. Mass transfer of Vanadium onto Type 321 Stainless Steel -- 3. Corrosion of Type 316 Stainless Steel with Surface Heat Flux in 1200°F Flowing Sodium -- 4. Sodium Corrosion of Westinghouse Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) Materials -- 5. The Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Oxygen-Contaminated Sodium at 1200 F and 1400 F -- 6. Evaluation of Materials-Compatibility Problems in the EBR-II Reactor -- 7. Radioactive Material Transport in Flowing Sodium Systems -- 1. The Effects of Exposure to Flowing Sodium on Vanadium Alloys in Stainless Steel Containment Systems -- 2. Application of Thermodynamic and Kinetic Parameters of the V-O-Na System to the Sodium Corrosion of Vanadium-Base Alloys -- 3. Corrosion of Oxygen Contaminated Tantalum in NaK -- 4. Penetration of Refractory Metals by Alkali Metals -- 5. Some Alkali Metal Corrosion Effects in a Rankine Cycle Test Loop -- 6. The Effects of Welding Atmosphere Purity on the Lithium Corrosion Resistance of Refractory Alloys -- 7. The Corrosion of Metals by Molten Lithium -- 1. Corrosion of Some Cobalt and Iron Base Alloys in Mercury -- 2. A 5000-Hour Test of a Eutectic Lead-Bismuth Circuit Constructed in Steel and Niobium -- 3. Diffusion Coatings Formed in Molten Calcium Systems. II. Variables in the System Ca-Cr-Fe -- 4. Corrosion Studies of Liquid Metal Heat Pipe Systems at 1000° to 1800°C -- 5. The Corrosive Action of Selenium Towards Various Materials in the Temperature Range 300 to 700°C -- 6. The Isothermal Corrosion (?+?) Ni-Sn Alloys in Pure Liquid Sn Component -- 7. An Anodic Treatment to Improve the Liquid Zinc Corrosion Resistance of Tantalum -- 1. Adsorption-Induced Embrittlement by Liquid Metals -- 2. Liquid Metal Embrittlement of Steel by Lead and Lead Alloys -- 3. Solid State Inhibition of the Liquid-Metal Embrittlement of Silver -- 4. Crack Initiation in the Zinc-Mercury Embrittlement Couple -- 5. The Grain Boundary Grooving of Iron in Liquid Sodium -- 6. The Solubilities of Several Transition Metals in Liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic -- 1. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions for Chromium and 304 Stainless Steel in Liquid Sodium -- 2. Solubility and Reactions of Oxygen in Sodium -- 3. Thermochemistry and Solution Chemistry in the Sodium-Oxygen-Hydrogen System -- 4. Measurements of the Solubility of Iron and Chromium in Sodium -- 5. The Segregation of Impurities and Particles in Sodium Systems -- 6. The Corrosion of and Mass Transfer of Pure Iron, Nickel, Chromium, and Cobalt in 660–760°C Sodium -- 7. Solubilities of Molybdenum, Tungsten, Vanadium, Titanium, and Zirconium in Liquid Potassium.
    Abstract: The Corrosion Resistant Metals Committee and the Nuclear Metallurgy Committee of the Institute of Metals Division of The Metallurgical Society of AlME sponsored a 2-1/2 day symposium on "Corrosion by Liquid Metals". The symposium was held in Philadelphia, October 13-15, 1969, during the 1969 Fall Meeting of the Metallurgical Society and the Materials Engineering Con­ gress of the American Society for Metals. Cosponsors included the American Society for Metals and the American Nuclear Society. The purpose of the symposium was to bring together the several aspects of the subject of corrosion by liquid metals, so that perspective could be provided on the entire subject, to help in­ dividuals dealing with liquid metal corrosion problems acquire a sound basis of understanding, and to provide an opportunity for discussion between those doing research in this field. An exposition of the subject is timely, in view of the in­ creasing development of liquid metal heat and power sources for special purposes, including heat-pipe systems, NASA's SNAP power systems, and the AEC's liquid metal fast breeder reactor system. This book contains the proceedings of the symposium divided into four separate topics: I. Corrosion of Steels by Sodium, II. Alkali-Refractory Metal Interactions, III. Corrosion by Non-Alkali Metals, and IV. Analysis of Solid-Liquid Metal Inter­ actions (two sessions).
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  • 24
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    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781475748932
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 182 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Liquid Refrigerants -- 2. Storage and Handling of Liquid Refrigerants -- 3. Liquefiers and Refrigerators -- 4. Room-Temperature Machinery -- 5. Helium Gas Recovery Systems -- 6. Instrumentation -- 7. Materials and Jointing Methods -- 8. Cryostat Dewars -- 9. Hazards.
    Abstract: This book is meant for laboratory workers who for one reason or another have a need to cool something down to temperatures below that of liquid nitrogen - notably to 4. 2°K and below. It does not deal with experimental techniques at low temperatures, but I have tried to bring the reader face to face with the brutishrealities of the necessary hardware. As weIl as giving information about sources of supply of equipment, I have gone into so me detail about how some of it can be made in laboratory workshops for the sake of those who are short of money but blessed with competent technical support. So far as highly specialized items such as liquefiers, refrigerators, refrigerant containers, cryostat dewars, etc. , are concerned, I have included aIl sources of supply which I have got to he ar of; in the case of more generaIly available equipment only representative sources of known reliability have been quoted. Any omissions or errors must be put down either to my own ignorance, stupidity, or lack of will toget about the world, or perhaps to the difficulty I have had in extracting information from manufacturers. However, most have gone to great trouble to help, and I hope I have done them justice. Brought up to work indifferently in inches and centimetres and perched between the opposing puIls of the USA and Europe, I have used a mixture of units which may shock the purist.
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  • 25
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468477306
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Mathematics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Algebraic Theory of Complex Numbers -- 1. Number Systems -- 2. The Algebraic Theory -- 2. Geometrical Representations -- 3. Roots of Unity -- 4. Elementary Functions of a Complex Variable -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sequences -- 3. Series -- 4. Power Series -- 5. TheFunctions ez, cos z, sin z -- 6. The Logarithm -- Answers to Exercises.
    Abstract: THE purpose of this book is to present a straightforward introduction to complex numbers and their properties. Complex numbers, like other kinds of numbers, are essen­ tially objects with which to perform calculations according to certain rules, and when this principle is borne in mind, the nature of complex numbers is no more mysterious than that of the more familiar types of numbers. This formal approach has recently been recommended in a Reportt prepared for the Mathematical Association. We believe that it has distinct advantages in teaching and that it is more in line with modern algebraical ideas than the alternative geometrical or kinematical definitions of ..; - 1 that used to be proposed. On the other hand, an elementary textbook is clearly not the place to enter into a full discussion of such questions as logical consistency, which would have to be included in a rigorous axiomatic treatment. However, the steps that had to be omitted (with due warning) can easily be filled in by the methods of abstract algebra, which do not conflict with the 'naive' attitude adopted here. I should like to thank my friend and colleague Dr. J. A. Green for a number of valuable suggestions, especially in connection with the chapter on convergence, which is a sequel to his volume Sequences and Series in this Library.
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