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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (1,702)
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  • Electronic Text Center  (970)
  • International Energy Agency  (732)
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (1,702)
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  • 101
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264526884
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (131 p.)
    Keywords: Energiewirtschaft ; Energiepolitik ; Tadschikistan ; Energy ; Tajikistan
    Abstract: This International Energy Agency (IEA) energy sector review of Tajikistan was conducted under the auspices of the EU4Energy programme, which is being implemented by the IEA and the European Union, along with the Energy Community Secretariat and the Energy Charter Secretariat. With abundant water potential from its rivers, natural lakes and glaciers, Tajikistan is almost exclusively reliant on hydro for electricity generation. It is home to some of the world’s largest hydropower plants and is ranked eighth in the world for hydropower potential with an estimated 527 terawatt-hours (TWh). Currently only 4% of the country’s hydro potential is exploited. Tajikistan’s geographic proximity to some of the world’s fastest-growing energy markets means that investing in developing its hydropower potential can contribute to regional energy security and the clean energy transition, in addition to addressing Tajikistan’s high vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters. Coupled with the IEA roadmap on cross-border electricity trading for Tajikistan, published in October 2021, this report aims to give a holistic overview of Tajikistan’s energy sector and to assist policy making at all levels in order to facilitate the effective delivery of the National Development Strategy for 2030 and its ambitious goals, which include increasing hydropower generation capacity by 10 gigawatts and raising annual electricity exports by 10 TWh. It also supports government efforts for ongoing energy sector reforms, aimed at restructuring the state-owned vertically integrated electric utility with financial viability issues, introducing market mechanisms to alleviate power sector challenges and updating its regulatory and tariff regimes. The report commends the government of Tajikistan for setting clear goals for its national development strategy and the subsequent sectoral development programmes, caveats the introduction of domestic coal as a key support for national energy security structures, and advocates for the introduction of other renewable sources and enhanced regional co operation for achieving energy security and sustainable development goals.
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  • 102
    ISBN: 9789264437401
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (183 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: The Breakthrough Agenda Report 2022 is a new report by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the UN Climate Change High-Level Champions, focused on supporting stronger international collaboration to drive faster reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions. Without international cooperation, the crucial global transition to net zero emissions could be delayed by decades. The faster the transition advances, the faster it will deliver clean technologies at lower cost, making them available for all. This is all the more urgent in the context of recent sharp spikes in energy and food prices around the world. This inaugural report assesses progress on reducing emissions in five key sectors – power, hydrogen, road transport, steel and agriculture. The authors make recommendations to strengthen collaboration between governments, business and civil society in areas such as common standards, technology R&D, reaching a level playing field for trade, and improving technical and financial assistance. This is a first-of-its-kind annual progress report, requested by world leaders at the UN Climate Change Conference COP26 in November 2021 as part of the launch of the Breakthrough Agenda. The Breakthrough Agenda currently covers more than two-thirds of the global economy, with endorsement from 45 world leaders, including those of the G7, China and India. The report is designed to inform policy makers, business leaders and civil society organisations of the most urgent ways to strengthen collaboration in and across major emitting sectors ahead of the Global Clean Energy Action Forum in Pittsburgh in September 2022, the next UN Climate Change Conference COP27 in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, and beyond.
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  • 103
    ISBN: 9789264755536
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: Acceleration of clean energy innovation, supported by effective innovation policies, is critical for achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, and the technology development in the business sector will be to success. As their ambitions for technological change rise, governments are increasingly asking how they can measure the performance of their energy innovation systems, prioritise technologies and benchmark progress internationally. However, in most countries, information about private energy innovation is much less readily available and less reliable than that for the public sector. In addition, the available approaches to filling this gap have never before been compiled in a single place. By presenting a wide variety of different approaches to tracking clean energy innovation in the business sector, this Overview demonstrates that governments and other analysts already have a range of practical options open to them. For example, the wealth of existing experience with surveys of business sector innovation, including R&D, has been applied to questions of energy by several countries. The different approaches that have been followed provide invaluable insights into their advantages, as well as the main challenges of gathering reliable energy-related innovation data from the private sector. These challenges can include the need for upfront investment, institutional capacity building and consistent classification of technologies. However, the advantages in terms of policy-relevant insights can outweigh the drawbacks, especially when data is complemented by other sources of quantitative and qualitative information.
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  • 104
    ISBN: 9789264975880
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Keywords: Erneuerbare Energie ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Qualifikation ; Energy
    Abstract: Ongoing energy transitions and decarbonisation efforts are poised to bring profound shifts in the sector’s employment, including massive new opportunities for job creation in clean energy. At the same time, traditional energy sectors will experience declining job opportunities. In most cases, this will require the development of both new programmes of education, certification and vocational training along with targeted upskilling or reskilling programmes for the existing workforce. Several governments, companies and industry organisations, among other stakeholders, are already developing robust educational and skills training programmes to meet the challenges of the workforce transition. Therefore, a review of existing skills and training programmes can provide valuable insights for others embarking on their own energy transitions. This report compiles a collection of case studies from around that world that showcase programmes designed to address skills development of workforces for energy transitions.
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  • 105
    ISBN: 9789264831674
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (145 p.)
    Keywords: Energiewende ; Nachhaltige Energieversorgung ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Ostafrika ; Energy ; Environment
    Abstract: The future of Africa’s energy sector is important globally. The International Energy Agency (IEA) is actively supporting evidence-based energy policy making in African countries with the aim of achieving affordable and clean energy, in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7. This includes ensuring universal access for all, promoting increased energy security and affordability, and accelerating the development of clean energy systems across Africa, through a sustainable and accelerated regional energy system transformation. The IEA is committed to developing clean, reliable and affordable energy systems, which are essential for achieving sustainable development objectives. It is also committed to helping African countries use energy sector transformation to cope with and recover from crises such as the Covid 19 pandemic and the Russian Federation’s (“Russia” hereafter) invasion of Ukraine, which have destabilised economies and energy systems. This can be done by improving data, informing decision making and guiding policy implementation, in collaboration with local, regional and international institutions. This report focuses on the eight countries in the greater Horn of Africa region, here defined as Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda. It recommends pathways to accelerate clean energy transitions and analyses energy trends across the region. It also highlights policy-relevant best practices for accelerating energy access, energy sector development and transition to cleaner energy sources. The report includes key policy recommendations and identifies opportunities that can help policy makers design clean, cost-effective and efficient energy systems for the future. This report is part of an IEA initiative to promote clean energy transitions in Africa through enhanced regional energy collaboration. The initiative focuses on three regions (North Africa, the Sahel and the greater Horn of Africa), and includes technical workshops and reports that assess energy sector conditions and propose pathways for accelerated transformation. A financial contribution by the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs made this study by the IEA Clean Energy Transitions Programme possible.
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  • 106
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264608184
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (149 p.)
    Keywords: Energiewirtschaft ; Energiepolitik ; Kasachstan ; Energy ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This in-depth review of the energy policies of Kazakhstan follows the same format used by the International Energy Agency (IEA) to review member countries. It was conducted under the auspices of the EU4Energy programme, which is being implemented by the IEA and the European Union, along with the Energy Community Secretariat and the Energy Charter Secretariat. Kazakhstan has made ambitious commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase the role of renewables in its energy supply, but dependence on large reserves of inexpensive domestic coal and a lack of flexible generating capacity make these a challenge. Oil continues to provide much of the country’s export earnings and government revenue, while many oil-importing countries have pledged to reduce consumption of fossil fuels, and most oil exports currently transit the Russian Federation. Low domestic energy prices are a social priority for the government, but have made it difficult to promote energy efficiency and stimulate commercial production of gas for the domestic market. This report assesses the energy sector and related challenges facing Kazakhstan and proposes policy recommendations to improve sector governance, energy efficiency and security of supply.
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  • 107
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264486409
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (154 p.)
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Policy Reviews
    Keywords: Energiepolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Usbekistan ; Energy ; Uzbekistan
    Abstract: Uzbekistan’s broad economic reforms were expanded to cover energy in 2019 when the government launched a multiphase transition from the state-owned and -operated and subsidised energy sector model to competitive gas, oil and electricity markets with significant private-sector participation and cost-covering energy prices. The reform plans to diversify the country’s energy supply, which domestic natural gas continues to dominate in all sectors, including transport. Natural gas exports will be phased out by 2025 and the gas will be used increasingly to expand petrochemicals production, while Uzbekistan’s significant but unexploited solar and wind resources will be harnessed to help build a cleaner power sector to 2030. While energy use per capita is low, the country’s economy remains one of the most energy-intensive in the world, and massive potential remains to improve energy efficiency through incentives and mandates. This report is intended to help guide Uzbekistan towards a more secure, sustainable and efficient energy future.It proposes several ways to support the government in its reform efforts. The gradual transition to competitive markets and withdrawal of subsidies should be accompanied by support measures for those most in need. For the reform to succeed, an independent and well-resourced energy regulator is also necessary. Furthermore, the financial imbalances in the state-owned energy companies must be addressed and their re emergence avoided. For the long term, as Uzbekistan’s population, cities and economy are projected to grow strongly, a cross-sectoral approach is required to limit the increase in energy demand and energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
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  • 108
    ISBN: 9789264457126
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (115 p.)
    Keywords: Strommarkt ; Energiepolitik ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Strompreis ; Welt ; Energy
    Abstract: Achieving net zero emissions by 2050 will require a significant reduction in electricity sector emissions, with around half of these coming from systems that currently have liberalised electricity markets. In order to support a rapid decarbonisation of power systems, the design of these markets will need to evolve to ensure that they maximise the value delivered by existing and new low-carbon technologies. When policymakers design electricity markets, they need to consider the interactions between all parts of the market including wholesale, retail and capacity markets. At the same time, it is essential to ensure synergies with low-carbon investment frameworks and other decarbonisation policies. This report identifies key principles for designing different parts of the market based on evidence from electricity markets globally and provides actionable guidelines to help policy makers match decarbonisation pledges with actions. With short-term wholesale markets as the starting point for generating efficient price signals, the report systematically considers the different parts of electricity markets, perspectives for integrating technologies such as distributed resources and storage, and how the design process fits with other decarbonisation policies and system planning. The principles derived from this analysis provide policy makers with market design tools in the context of new technologies and low-carbon transitions.
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  • 109
    ISBN: 9789264623224
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (77 p.)
    Keywords: Energy ; Science and Technology ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Hydrogen and carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) are set to play important and complementary roles in meeting People’s Republic of China’s (hereafter, “China”) pledge to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. Hydrogen could contribute to China’s energy system decarbonisation strategy, such as through the use as a fuel and feedstock in industrial processes; in fuel cell electric transport, and for the production of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels for shipping and aviation. The analysis of scenarios in this report suggests that while hydrogen from renewable power electrolysis could meet the majority of hydrogen demand by 2060, equipping existing hydrogen production facilities with CCUS could be a complementary strategy to reduce emissions and scale-up low-emission hydrogen supply. This report was produced in collaboration with the Administrative Centre for China’s Agenda 21 (ACCA21). It explores today’s hydrogen and CCUS status in China, and the potential evolution of hydrogen demand in various sectors of the Chinese economy through 2060, in light of scenarios developed independently by the IEA and the China Hydrogen Alliance. The report also provides a comparative assessment of the economic performance and life cycle emissions of different hydrogen production routes. Finally, the report discusses potential synergies and regional opportunities in deploying CCUS and hydrogen, and identifies financing mechanisms and supporting policies required to enable the deployment of hydrogen production with CCUS in China.
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  • 110
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264534544
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (191 p.)
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Energieversorgung ; Resilienz ; Investition ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Welt ; Energy ; Environment
    Abstract: Growing climate change is putting global energy security at risk, threatening the reliable supply of fuels and resources. Climate change directly affects every aspect of the energy system, from the extraction, processing and transport of fuels and minerals, to the potential, efficiency and reliability of power generation, to the physical resilience of energy infrastructure, as well as impacting energy demand patterns. According to most scenarios, climate change disruptions are likely to increase in magnitude in the coming decades. A comprehensive understanding of climate effects on energy supply and demand is crucial to strengthening the resilience of energy systems. This report provides a comprehensive overview of the climate impacts and hazards facing energy systems, with projections up to the end of the 21st century. It also presents effective measures for energy suppliers, consumers and public authorities to enhance climate resilience, with cost-benefit analysis proving that investments in climate resilience bring long-term benefits.
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  • 111
    ISBN: 9789264753204
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.)
    Keywords: Erdgasmarkt ; Erdgaspolitik ; Brasilien ; Energy ; Brazil ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: The Novo Mercado de Gás (New Gas Market) reform programme is set to enhance the physical flexibility of the gas system, enable gas to be delivered more quickly, foster competition and facilitate the integration of a higher share of intermittent renewables into the Brazilian energy system. In the longer term, an open, competitive gas market can more easily adapt to a multi-gas system that includes and deploys low-carbon gases. At the request of the Brazilian government, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has been providing technical advice based on international experience to inform and shape the country’s gas market reform programme from day one. This current white paper follows the report “Towards a competitive natural gas market in Brazil: A review of the opening of the natural gas transmission system in Brazil”, published in September 2018. It aims to share best practices from Europe in terms of gas market design and reforms, including commercial and practical implications. This white paper includes a section on the role of natural gas and low-carbon gases in Brazilian clean energy transition.
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  • 112
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264505087
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (261 p.)
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Policy Reviews
    Keywords: Energiepolitik ; Energiewirtschaft ; Kanada ; Energy ; Canada ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: The International Energy Agency (IEA) regularly conducts in-depth peer reviews of the energy policies of its member countries. This process supports energy policy development and encourages the exchange of international best practices and experiences. Since the last IEA review in 2015, Canada has made a series of enterprising international and domestic commitments to put the country on a path towards transforming its energy system, including a target to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 40‑45% by 2030 from 2005 levels and to reach net zero emissions by 2050. Canada’s energy transformation presents both challenges and opportunities given its profile as a major producer, consumer and exporter of energy, and its highly decentralised government system. The sizeable weight of fossil fuel production in employment and economic output means strong attention should be placed on ensuring a people-centred approach to Canada’s clean energy transition. Canada has a number of policy measures in place, including an ambitious carbon pricing scheme, clean fuel regulations, a commitment to phase out unabated coal use by 2030, nuclear plant extensions, upstream methane regulations, energy efficiency programmes, and measures to decarbonise the transport sector. In this report, the IEA provides energy policy recommendations to help Canada effectively manage the transformation of its energy sector in line with its goals.
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  • 113
    ISBN: 9789264729483
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p.)
    Keywords: Wasserkraft ; Klimawandel ; Südasien ; Südostasien ; Energy ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: Hydropower accounts for 14.5% of total electricity generation in South and Southeast Asia, with a total hydropower installed capacity of 117 GW. The installed hydropower capacity is expected to grow further in order to meet the region’s growing electricity demand and electricity export opportunities, and to maximise the merits of a cost-effective and flexible low-carbon power source. However, climate change poses an increasing challenge to South and Southeast Asian hydropower with rising temperatures, extreme rainfall patterns, melting glaciers, and increasing occurrence of extreme weather events. This report aims to support South and Southeast Asian hydropower in coping with the adverse impacts of climate change and in developing a tailored set of climate resilience measures based on a comprehensive assessment of climate risks and impacts. This report qualitatively assesses climate risks to South and Southeast Asian hydropower and quantitatively examines potential climate impacts, comparing three climate scenarios. Based on the assessment, it identifies measures to enhance climate resilience and provides policy recommendations.
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  • 114
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264972384
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: The year 2021 placed exceptional demands on electricity markets around the world. Strong economic growth, combined with more extreme weather conditions than in 2020, including a colder than average winter, boosted global electricity demand by more than 6% – the largest increase since the recovery from the financial crisis in 2010. The fast rebound in overall energy demand strained supply chains for coal and natural gas, pushing up wholesale electricity prices. Despite the impressive growth of renewable power, electricity generation from coal and gas hit record levels. As a result, the global electricity sector’s annual carbon dioxide emissions leaped to a new all-time high after having decreased for the previous two years.Building on our analysis of these recent events, the January 2022 edition of the IEA Electricity Market Report presents our forecasts for demand, supply and emissions in global electricity markets through 2024. While renewables are set to meet the vast majority of the increase in global electricity demand in the coming years, this trend would only result in a plateauing of emissions from electricity generation. That is insufficient for the power sector to fulfil its critical role as a leading force in the decarbonisation of economies around the world.
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  • 115
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264338241
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.)
    Keywords: Energiewirtschaft ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungsstruktur ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Welt ; Energy
    Abstract: The inaugural edition of the World Energy Employment Report is – to the best of our knowledge – the first comprehensive inventory of the global energy workforce. The report presents new estimates of the size and distribution of the labour force, across regions and technologies, and increases the granularity on the number of workers along the entire energy value chain. This includes fossil fuel and bioenergy production; power sector generation, transmission, distribution and storage; and end uses, including vehicles and energy efficiency for buildings and industry. It also details segments of the value chain where these jobs are located, including raw materials, manufacturing, construction, utilities, and wholesale, as well as how many are employed for building new projects versus operating existing energy facilities, which includes those working in operating and maintenance of plants. It also provides estimates for emerging segments for energy, including clean energy innovation. This mapping can serve as a much-needed foundation for global energy decision makers, and provides important insights about the potential opportunities and impacts to labour markets under different drivers, particularly the transitions to clean energy, as well as shifting or development of supply chain capacities. How these labour markets evolve will be explored in depth by scenarios presented in our World Energy Outlook series.
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  • 116
    ISBN: 9789264900035
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Klimapolitik ; Kohlepolitik ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Klimaschutz ; Energy ; Environment
    Abstract: Coal and its emissions are a critical issue as the world contends with both the global energy crisis and the climate crisis. This report presents pragmatic, real-world guidance on how policymakers can achieve a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from coal without harming economies or energy security, outlining measures to finance energy transitions and address their social and employment aspects. It also explores the options for the power sector and other parts of the economy where coal plays a notable role. It examines a range of policy and technology areas, including the potential for carbon capture, utilisation and storage. And it addresses investment and financing needs, taking into account the importance of ensuring reliable and affordable energy supplies and of tackling the social consequences of change.
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  • 117
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264920835
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: The Global Hydrogen Review is an annual publication by the International Energy Agency that tracks hydrogen production and demand worldwide, as well as progress in critical areas such as infrastructure development, trade, policy, regulation, investments and innovation. The report is an output of the Clean Energy Ministerial Hydrogen Initiative and is intended to inform energy sector stakeholders on the status and future prospects of hydrogen while also informing discussions at the Hydrogen Energy Ministerial Meeting organised by Japan. Focusing on hydrogen’s potentially major role in meeting international energy and climate goals, this year’s Review aims to help decision makers fine-tune strategies to attract investment and facilitate deployment of hydrogen technologies while also creating demand for hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels. It compares real-world developments with the stated ambitions of government and industry. This year’s report includes a special focus on how the global energy crisis sparked by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has accelerated the momentum behind hydrogen and on the opportunities that it offers to simultaneously contribute to decarbonisation targets and enhance energy security.
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  • 118
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264473584
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This report examines the evolving challenges of maintaining energy security in the context of clean energy transitions on the pathway to net zero emissions. The report reflects on the security implications of the triple global crisis, the climate emergency, the global energy crisis and the social and economic implications of the Covid-19 pandemic. The report highlights key energy security concerns during energy transitions and provides governments, notably within the Group of Twenty (G20), with policy recommendations for maintaining and improving energy security, while accelerating clean energy transitions to address the triple crises. In the context of Indonesia’s G20 Presidency, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources invited the International Energy Agency (IEA) to produce a second edition of its Security of Clean Energy Transitions report, the first having been published in 2021, building on the G20 Naples Principles. In the run up to the Bali G20 Energy Transitions Ministerial in September 2022, this report is intended to support discussions among the G20 countries and further elaborate on the G20 Naples Principles, agreed at the G20 energy ministers’ meeting in Naples in 2021, by providing analysis, insights and recommendations.
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  • 119
    ISBN: 9789264663879
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Energietechnik ; Forschungsfinanzierung ; Öffentliche Investition ; Welt ; Energy ; Environment
    Abstract: A wide range of countries make efforts to track their entire national public energy research, development and demonstration (RD&D) activity on an ongoing basis, also sharing the collected data with the IEA through a standardised template. However, the approaches adopted to collect data vary significantly across countries. This roadmap describes the variety of country approaches, also identifying the most important common components: the institutional arrangements; the methods for collecting, classifying and validating the data; the data management and technology processes; and, finally, the dissemination. It is intended not only as a guide for countries near the beginning of their journeys towards the collection of energy RD&D, but also for countries with more advanced systems looking to strengthen specific areas. The roadmap is the product of interviews held with representatives of 20 governments between November 2021 and March 2022, and it is indebted to their generosity in sharing their experiences with tracking national energy RD&D spending. Case studies based on the interviews are used to highlight noteworthy methods, while complete national systems descriptions are included in the annex. It is hoped that this publication will serve as a reference and inspiration for experts in this important area of tracking clean energy transitions and that new experiences can be added in the future.
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  • 120
    ISBN: 9789264455580
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (61 p.)
    Keywords: Erneuerbare Energie ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Moldawien ; Energy ; Moldova, Republic of ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This roadmap starts with an overview of the prevailing institutional framework related to the renewables and electricity sectors respectively, and the related policy landscape. The wider context of both the renewables and electricity sectors in Moldova is then outlined. This is followed by the body of the roadmap, which focuses on: Removing barriers to the deployment of renewables; Establishing flexible electricity markets with enhanced regional co-ordination; Enhancing technical flexibility of the power system. In these three focus areas, a substantial amount of knowledge, experience and expertise has already been accrued by other countries and regions in their own energy transitions. This roadmap therefore provides relevant examples from international experiences with a view to providing an idea of the possibilities for Moldova. The roadmap outlines specific policies and actionable items in order to apply these international best practice examples, taking into account the particular characteristics of the Moldovan electricity system. Finally, these recommended actions are put in a co ordinated package of measures to be implemented for a vision of a secure, clean and modern electricity supply generated from domestic VRE sources. This includes a timeline of measures to be targeted over three distinct periods in the short-, medium- and long-term to deliver this modern electricity system, and in turn provide the social, economic and environmental benefits from Moldova’s clean energy transition.
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  • 121
    ISBN: 9789264861732
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (74 p.)
    Keywords: Energy ; Kyrgyzstan
    Abstract: The EU4Energy programme is a six-year initiative led and funded by the European Union. One of its key goals is to enable greater application of evidence-based energy policy and decision-making in participating countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The International Energy Agency (IEA), the Energy Community and the Energy Charter support the project, with the IEA taking lead responsibility for the policy development dimensions. As part of this programme, the IEA has prepared this high-level policy roadmap to help inform and guide policy practitioners as they seek to develop and implement policies to strengthen power system security in Kyrgyzstan, with a focus on improving power system reliability and resilience during periods of water shortage. The analysis and proposals advanced in this document provide an integrated approach incorporating a suite of practical regulatory, supply-side and demand-side measures that reflect international experience and best practices. It avoids detailed prescription, recognising that Kyrgyz policy practitioners are better placed to draw on their local knowledge and experience to address practical details as they emerge. Accordingly, the roadmap’s proposed measures and pathways are intended to inform and guide the development of effective policies and programmes to help strengthen power system reliability and resilience, especially during periods of water shortage. This paper begins by discussing power system security concepts and principles, focusing on how power system security is managed during normal operating conditions and how this can change in hydro-dependent power systems during periods of sustained water shortage. A description of the policy context for power system security in Kyrgyzstan follows. It highlights the key challenges for strengthening power system security, and provides an overview of the policy, legal, regulatory and institutional arrangements governing power system security in Kyrgyzstan. Finally, an integrated high-level policy roadmap is presented, including proposed strategic goals and a range of practical policy measures to pursue power system security over the next decade.
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  • 122
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264986572
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Policy Reviews
    Keywords: Energiepolitik ; Moldawien ; Energy ; Moldova, Republic of
    Abstract: Moldova is largely dependent on fossil fuel and electricity imports, with the vast majority of its natural gas imports coming from the Russian Federation. Moldova has made considerable efforts to diversify their supply sources and increase the security of both electricity and gas supply. Further integration with Europe for both gas and electricity imports is ongoing as Moldova prioritises moving away from Russian sources of energy. The March 2022 emergency synchronisation with ENTSO-E, triggered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, has pushed Moldova closer to full electricity trade with Europe. Since Moldova signed an Association Agreement with the European Union in 2014, it has been working to adopt core EU legislation. Moldova’s National Energy Strategy for 2030 reflects this work, with key government priorities including: ensuring the security of energy supply; further developing competitive markets and integration on a regional and European level; and ensuring the sustainability of the energy sector while mitigating the effects of climate change. Increasing the share of renewables in Moldova’s energy mix remains key to meeting the country’s priorities as it aims to enhance regional and European integration. This report assesses the energy sector and the related challenges facing Moldova, and it proposes policy recommendations to improve energy security, support the development of free and competitive energy markets, and accelerate its transition to a more sustainable, clean and efficient energy system.
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  • 123
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Keywords: 2023-2024 ; Gasversorgung ; Erdgasmarkt ; Europa ; Energy
    Abstract: Amid the ongoing global energy crisis, Never Too Early to Prepare for Next Winter: Europe’s Gas Balance for 2023-2024 examines the latest developments in European natural gas and electricity markets, and in global LNG markets – assessing their implications for Europe’s gas balance in 2023 and 2024. Based on detailed analysis of global data and market trends, this new IEA report cautions that the process of filling European gas storage sites in 2022 benefitted from key factors – including Russian pipeline flows during the summer and lower LNG imports by China – that may well not be repeated in 2023. This raises the risk of a supply-demand gap of as much as 30 billion cubic metres (bcm) during the key summer period for refilling gas storage in 2023.
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  • 124
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Keywords: Energieeinsparung ; KMU ; Organisationelle Resilienz ; Europa ; Energy
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  • 125
    ISBN: 9789264995499
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This policy makers manual is prepared under the framework of the Global Environment Facility programme aimed at supporting low- and middle-income economies in their transition to electric mobility. It aims to serve as a guide for policy makers to effectively integrate electric vehicle charging into the grid, thereby supporting road transport electrification and decarbonisation. The key steps can be summarised as preparing institutions for the shift to electric mobility, assessing the impacts on the grid, deploying measures for grid integration and improving power system planning. Each of these steps is informed by insights from various studies and inputs from international stakeholders, with recommendations based on best practices from around the world.
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  • 126
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on the energy trade, supply and consumption of coal, oil, gas, electricity, heat, combustible renewables and waste, expressed in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent (ktoe).
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  • 127
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Natural Gas Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on natural gas exports by origin for OECD countries.
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  • 128
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Projections for IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table includes statistical projections on the energy balance for IEA countries by analyzing their respective products (coal, oil, nuclear, hydro, biofuels and more) in terms of flow. Data are expressed in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent(ktoe) and forecasts extend to 2030.
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  • 129
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes data on savings due to the 3-factor analysis for energy consumption and 4-factor analysis for emissions.
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  • 130
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides wholesale and retail energy end-use price indices by sector for both household and industry in nominal and real terms. Products such as coal, heavy fuel oil, automotive diesel fuel, natural gas, oil products, unleaded gasoline are the core focus of this dataset.
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  • 131
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset on energy prices provides statistics on the crude oil import costs both in terms of USD/bbl or real index per national currency.
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  • 132
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides statistics on electricity exports by destination country.
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  • 133
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Natural Gas Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on natural gas imports by origin for OECD countries.
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  • 134
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes data on Transport energy end use, Transport activity and Transport emissions as well as Transport energy, carbon and activity indicators.
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  • 135
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Technology RD&D Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes statistics on energy technology Research & Development and dissemination as well as R&D budget for IEA countries. It presents shifts in R&D, expenditures associated with investments and further analyzes budget allocations in terms of flow.
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  • 136
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes data on Industry energy use, Industry activity, Industry emissions as well as Industry energy and carbon indicators.
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  • 137
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Coal Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains world data on coal supply as well as coal consumption.
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  • 138
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Coal Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: In this table, calorific values for different types of coal and coal products are shown on a country by country basis. The aggregates for hard coal and brown coal are included for years prior to 1978 only. This table provides the calorific values used to convert raw tonnes of coal and coal products into energy for the OECD Coal Balance data. It is shown in megajoules per tonne for OECD countries.
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  • 139
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Oil Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table focuses on the export of various energy products such as crude oil, refinery gas, natural gas liquids, fuel oil amongst OECD member countries.
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  • 140
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Natural Gas Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains world data on supply of natural gas.
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  • 141
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Technology RD&D Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: 31 countries (30 individual countries + European Union), 8 products and 11 flows (8 summary groups of energy technologies + Total + Memos: Low-carbon and Non-low-carbon)
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  • 142
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Technology RD&D Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset covers 30 countries and 1 indicator.
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  • 143
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Natural Gas Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset brings together statistics compiled by the IEA on natural gas imports by origin. It contains time series for 1993 onwards for the world, 143 countries and 24 regional aggregates on imports of natural gas by country of origin.
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  • 144
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Oil Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table focuses on the import of various energy products such as crude oil, refinery gas, natural gas liquids, fuel oil amongst OECD member countries.
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  • 145
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table presents gross electricity and heat production from each energy source such as nuclear, hydro, combustible fuels, geothermal, solar, wind and other sources as well as the breakdown according to the type of plant (electricity only, CHP or heat only). Inputs by type of fuel are also provided. Gross heat production is the total heat produced by the installation and includes the heat used by the installation's auxiliaries which use a hot fluid (space heating, liquid fuel heating, etc.) and losses in the installation/network heat exchanges whereas Net Heat Production is the heat supplied to the distribution system as determined from measurements of the outgoing and return flows.
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  • 146
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes oil product spot prices by market. Products such as gasoil, gasoline, high sulphur fuel oi, jet kerosene, naphtha are listed within the database.
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  • 147
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Renewables Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics regarding various renewable and waste energy while presenting trade statistics of various renewable energy products as well as figures for those products in terms of electricity output (GWh) and heat output(TJ).
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  • 148
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table provides a reduced electricity and heat balance (145 countries + 22 aggregates; 8 flows).
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  • 149
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides crude oil imports costs by type of crude in terms of country of origin.
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  • 150
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Natural Gas Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains world data on natural gas supply as well as natural gas consumption.
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  • 151
    ISBN: 9789264660670
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.)
    Keywords: Erdgaspolitik ; Gasversorgung ; EU-Staaten ; Energy
    Abstract: European and global natural gas markets are not yet out of the danger created by Russia’s cuts to pipeline deliveries of gas. If gas exports from Russia drop to zero and China’s LNG imports rebound to 2021 levels, there is a risk of a shortfall gas supplies in 2023. Measures already taken by EU governments on energy efficiency, renewables and heat pumps should help reduce the size of this potential natural gas supply-demand gap in 2023. A recovery in nuclear and hydropower output from their decade-low levels in 2022 should also help narrow the gap. Despite all of this, the EU’s potential gas supply-demand gap could reach 27 billion cubic metres in 2023. This new report provides the IEA’s latest analysis of the extent of the EU's potential gas supply-demand gap in 2023 and sets out the practical actions that can close that gap while avoiding excessive strains for European consumers and for international markets. The analysis includes real-world examples of measures that could be implemented and quantifies their impacts. The measures offer a pathway to a more secure and balanced EU gas market in 2023 and are consistent with the EU’s climate goals.
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  • 152
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes various crude oil products listed by their respective market spot prices.
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  • 153
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Oil Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on crude supply by comparing imports, exports, stock changes and trade flows of products such as crude oil, natural gas liquid, biofuels, hydrocarbons and refinery feedstocks.
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  • 154
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Oil Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table includes the average conversion factors from tonnes to barrels, for the OECD countries and for 24 products.
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  • 155
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides statistics on electricity imports by country of origin.
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  • 156
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Statistics: Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table on air and climate contains indicators for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated from fossil fuel combustion in IEA countries and regions. Data are available from 1960 onwards.
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  • 157
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains an extended set of data on the energy supply, trade and consumption of coal, oil, energy output, gas, electricity, heat, combustible renewables and waste, expressed in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent (ktoe).
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  • 158
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes energy statistics on the basis of main economic indicators such as Consumer Price Index, Purchasing Power Parities, Producer Price Index and currency exchange rates.
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  • 159
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Renewables Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset focuses on the renewables market while providing full balance data such as primary energy supply, transformation sector and final consumption based in kilotonne and terajoule of renewables equivalent for OECD countries and OECD country aggregate.
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  • 160
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides data on energy world indicators in terms of world supply, consumption and trade.
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  • 161
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Oil Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on world oil statistics while focusing on trade flows amongst countries, oil demand and output. Data are expressed in kilotonnes or kilobarrels per day.
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  • 162
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes data on Services energy end use, Services activity, Services emissions as well as Services energy and carbon indicators.
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  • 163
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Renewables Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This comparative table comprises statistics about net capacity of renewables in MWe terms. Renewable electricity and heat generation are derived from solar thermal, geothermal, hydro, wind.
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  • 164
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Statistics: Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data for CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC, PFC and SF6 emissions from fossil fuel combustion in OECD countries and regions.
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  • 165
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This database comprises various energy product prices expressed in national currency per toe with products such as sulphur fuel oil, automotive diesel, premium leaded gasoline while comparing data by sectors.
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  • 166
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Statistics: Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset comprises a detailed set of statistics on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions estimates from fossil fuel combustion. It includes an extensive set of products emitting CO2 from combustion analyzed in terms of their respective industry flows (iron and steel, manufacturing industries, agriculture, machinery, etc). Data are presented from 1960 onwards.
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  • 167
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Oil Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides a detailed comparison of products such as crude oil, natural gas liquids, petroleum, gasoline, ethane while focusing on their trade flows, production, consumption across OECD member countries.
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  • 168
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Technology RD&D Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes statistics on research & development within the energy technology industry as well as R&D dissemination indicators (exchange rate, PPP,Nominal GDP, GDP deflator). Data coverage commences in 1974.
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  • 169
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset contains data on oil demand and consumption by product such as aviation fuels, motor gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, naphtha, petroleum and refinery fuel for non-OECD countries
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  • 170
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Projections for IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains forecasted energy economic indicators as well as forecasted standard indicators for IEA countries in terms of their flow (GDP, population, energy production/TPES, TFC/GDP). Statistical projections extend to 2030.
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  • 171
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Coal Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: In this table, statistics for different types of coal and coal products, including manufactured gases is shown.This table provides full supply and consumption data of coal such as primary energy supply,transformation sector, energy sector and final consumption based in kilotonnes for OECD countries and OECD country aggregate groups.
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  • 172
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides statistics on electricity supply per OECD country with net electricity production from main sources and trade data from January 2000 onwards. Data are presented on a monthly basis.
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  • 173
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Coal Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table presents detailed coal export data by destination for OECD member states for the following coal products and aggregates: anthracite, coking coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, coke oven, coke, hard coal, brown coal, steam coal, other bituminous coal and anthracite. The data are reported in kilotonnes.
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  • 174
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides conversion factors in terms of trade, production and consumption of energy within various industries.
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  • 175
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Coal Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: In this table, a balance for different types of coal and coal products, including manufactured gases is shown. The aggregates for hard coal and brown coal are also included, as is a product coal which includes all primary coal types, and all derived coal products with the exception of gas works gas. This table provides full balance data such as primary energy supply, transformation sector and final consumption based in kilotonnes of coal equivalent (7,000 Gigacalories) for OECD countries and OECD country aggregate groups.
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  • 176
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This database comprises various energy product prices expressed in US dollars with products such as sulphur fuel oil, automotive diesel, premium leaded gasoline while comparing data by sectors.
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  • 177
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Coal Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table presents detailed coal import data by origin for OECD member states for the following coal products and aggregates: anthracite, coking coal, subbituminous coal, ignite/brown coal, coke, oven coke, hard coal, brown coal, steam coal, other bituminous coal and anthracite. The data are reported in kilotonnes.
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  • 178
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table shows a comprehensive status of net electrical capacity by type of energy. It also contains data on single fuel-fired and multi-fuel fired plants, type of generation and peak load.
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  • 179
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Renewables Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset figures reprensenting various renewable and waste energy supply statistics while showcasing the renewable energy market’s products as well as figures for those products in terms of electricity output (GWh, heat output(TJ), domestic supply and stock changes.
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  • 180
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Renewables Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This comparative tables presents figures on the renewable energy supply and consumption market amongst OECD member countries by analyzing renewable products in terms of production, import and exports.
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  • 181
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This database comprises various energy product prices expressed in national currency per unit with products such as natural gas, steam coal, coking coal, liquefied petroleum gas while comparing data by sectors.
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  • 182
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Statistics: Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset presents detailed statistics on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fuel combustion by product (coal/peat, oil, gas) and flow (manufacturing, main activity producer, construction and more) according to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Data are presented from 1960 onwards.
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  • 183
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table includes monthly OECD net electricity production from main sources and trade data from January 2000 to December 2010.
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  • 184
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides wholesale and retail energy end-use price indices by sector for both household and industry in nominal and real terms. Products such as coal, electricity, natural gas and oil products are included within the table.
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  • 185
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on energy supply, trade and consumption in original units (1000 metric tonnes, terajoules and gigawatt hours) for coal, oil, gas, electricity, heat, combustible renewables, biogasoline, energy, refinery gas, charcoal, waste.
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  • 186
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes data on Residential energy end use, Residential activity, Residential emissions as well as Residential energy and carbon indicators.
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  • 187
    ISBN: 9789264691537
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Energiewirtschaft ; Energiepolitik ; Klimapolitik ; Indonesien ; Energy ; Indonesia
    Abstract: Indonesia is the world’s fourth-most populous country and is set to become the world’s fourth-largest economy by mid-century. The choices that Indonesia makes now and in the decades to come will have a significant bearing on the world’s energy markets and on international efforts to reach collective climate goals. Indonesia, a member of the IEA family since 2015, has committed to reach net zero emissions by 2060 or before – an ambitious task given the country’s growth objectives and status as a globally important consumer and producer of coal. However, with a transition to net zero offering extensive and varied economic opportunities, Indonesia is beginning to put in place the policies and frameworks that can help reach this target while moving towards advanced economy status. To assist in this critical task, the IEA – at the request of the Government of Indonesia and to coincide with Indonesia’s Presidency of the G20 – has developed a comprehensive roadmap to net zero by 2060 for the country, which charts a path for the country’s energy transition over the coming decades. The analysis in the Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia spans key areas such as people‑centred transitions, the phasing down of coal use, investment and financing needs, and critical minerals. It also sets out a high-ambition pathway in which Indonesia reaches net zero by 2050. The project has been conducted in close collaboration with the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia.
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  • 188
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Oil Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on world oil statistics while focusing on trade flows amongst countries, oil demand and output. Data are expressed in kilotonnes or kilobarrels per day.
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  • 189
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Electricity Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table shows a comprehensive status of net electrical capacity by type of energy. It also contains data on single fuel-fired and multi-fuel fired plants, type of generation and peak load.
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  • 190
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes oil product spot prices by market. Products such as gasoil, gasoline, high sulphur fuel oi, jet kerosene, naphtha are listed within the database.
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  • 191
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes data on Industry energy use, Industry activity, Industry emissions as well as Industry energy and carbon indicators.
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  • 192
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Statistics: Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset comprises a detailed set of statistics on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions estimates from fossil fuel combustion. It includes an extensive set of products emitting CO2 from combustion analyzed in terms of their respective industry flows (iron and steel, manufacturing industries, agriculture, machinery, etc). Data are presented from 1960 onwards.
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  • 193
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Natural Gas Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains data on natural gas imports by origin for OECD countries.
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  • 194
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Technology RD&D Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset includes statistics on research & development within the energy technology industry as well as R&D dissemination indicators (exchange rate, PPP,Nominal GDP, GDP deflator). Data coverage commences in 1974.
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  • 195
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264531284
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (123 p.)
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: When the IEA published its first Electricity Market Report in December 2020, large parts of the world were in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic and its resulting lockdowns. Half a year later, electricity demand around the world is rebounding or even exceeding pre-pandemic levels, especially in emerging and developing economies. But the situation remains volatile, with Covid-19 still causing disruptions. Despite record additions of renewable generation capacity, fossil fuel-based generation and associated emissions are rising along with electricity demand. This mid-2021 edition of the Electricity Market Report highlights recent developments and forecasts demand, capacity, supply and emissions through 2022. The report also analyses electricity market prices and electricity security.
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  • 196
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264398511
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.)
    Keywords: Energieeinsparung ; China ; Energy ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Energy service companies (ESCOs) deliver energy efficiency projects that are financed through the resulting energy cost savings. ESCOs can thus unlock energy efficiency action by addressing barriers related to funding and technical expertise. Despite their potential, many governments still struggle to stimulate development of a market for ESCOs. Evolving Energy Service Companies in People’s Republic of China, (“China” hereafter) provides an overview of how China has built the world’s largest and fastest growing ESCO market over the past decades. This report highlights how the government’s strategic measures to set up key agencies for ESCOs, engage the State-Owned Enterprises, and encourage market play by bringing in commercial players, in line with China’s socio-economic transition, have been critical to making the Chinese ESCO model a success. Looking ahead, ESCOs in China continue to evolve, for example by using digital technologies to make their businesses more sustainable and lucrative. Based on the insights gained from a survey of major ESCOs in China, the report highlights the challenges and opportunities of digitalisation and provides some policy insights.
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  • 197
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset on energy prices provides statistics on the crude oil import costs both in terms of USD/bbl or real index per national currency.
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  • 198
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Renewables Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This comparative table comprises statistics about net capacity of renewables in MWe terms. Renewable electricity and heat generation are derived from solar thermal, geothermal, hydro, wind.
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  • 199
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This dataset provides wholesale and retail energy end-use price indices by sector for both household and industry in nominal and real terms. Products such as coal, heavy fuel oil, automotive diesel fuel, natural gas, oil products, unleaded gasoline are the core focus of this dataset.
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  • 200
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEA Coal Information Statistics
    Keywords: Energy
    Abstract: This table contains world data on coal supply as well as coal consumption.
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