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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (23)
  • English  (23)
  • Ahrend, Rudiger  (15)
  • Centre for Educational Research and Innovation  (8)
  • Paris : OECD  (23)
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  • English  (23)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (49 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/04
    Keywords: Ballungsraum ; Kommunalverwaltung ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Even though metropolitan areas account for half of the population, and an even larger share of economic activity of OECD countries, almost no systematic information on governance structures in these areas exists. This study – based on a novel data set – gives an overview of governance arrangements in OECD metropolitan areas. It shows that organisations dedicated to metropolitan area governance are common, but often have little powers. Nevertheless, the existence of such organisations is related with better performance on a range of important outcome variables, such as public transport systems, environmental issues, and urban sprawl.
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/05
    Keywords: 1998-2011 ; Ballungsraum ; Agglomerationseffekt ; Produktivität ; Kommunalverwaltung ; Vergleich ; Deutschland ; Mexiko ; Spanien ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper estimates agglomeration benefits based on city productivity differentials across five OECD countries (Germany, Mexico, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States). It highlights the relationship between cities’ governmental fragmentation and productivity, and represents the first empirical analysis of how metropolitan governance structures affect this relationship. The comparability of results in a multi-country setting is supported through the use of Functional Urban Areas – an internationally harmonised definition of cities based on economic linkages rather than administrative boundaries. In line with the previous literature, the analysis confirms that city productivity tends to increase with city size; doubling city size is found to be associated with an increase in productivity of between two and five percent. What is more, city productivity is positively associated with the population size of nearby cities. On the governance side, the paper finds that cities with fragmented governance structures tend to have lower levels of productivity. For a given population size, a metropolitan area with twice the number of municipalities is associated with around six percent lower productivity; an effect that is mitigated by almost half by the existence of a governance body at the metropolitan level.
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/06
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Teilstaat ; Öffentliche Investition ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Institutionenökonomik ; Finanzbeziehungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Sub-national governments (SNGs) are key players for public investment in OECD countries, responsible for nearly two-thirds of it. At the same time, both the well-being of the population and economic performance depend on an adequate provision of public services, which require public facilities and thus public investment. Ensuring that sub-national governments command the resources for necessary public investment is hence important. While in the immediate, the fiscal space of a SNG for public investment is basically determined by its current fiscal capacities, in a longer-term perspective the evolution of fiscal space comes to depend increasingly on the institutional context. This includes the national framework of fiscal relations across levels of government, the nature and characteristics of SNGs’ revenue sources and spending responsibilities, SNGs resilience to crises, and their structural ability to borrow. This paper explores the institutional ability of SNGs to influence their fiscal space for public investment. In this context, it also analyses the main challenges to be faced by SNG finances in the decades to come, as well as recent reforms implemented by SNGs to tackle these specific issues.
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 S.)
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/03
    Keywords: Ballungsraum ; Kommunalverwaltung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur ; Länderbericht
    Abstract: This paper provides an overview of country specific approaches to metropolitan area governance. It provides brief descriptions of the typical structures of metropolitan governance, with a particular focus on the involved organisations. It points out metropolitan areas that have unusual governance arrangements, but generally does not emphasise individual cases. The paper aims to give a descriptive overview of governance structures while abstaining from evaluating their performance.
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 S.) , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/07
    Keywords: 1995 - 2010 ; Bevölkerungsdichte ; Regionale Wirtschaftsstruktur ; Räumliche Verteilung ; Regionales Wachstum ; Europa ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper analyses the spatial patterns of regional economic growth in Europe over the 1995 to 2010 period. It finds that regions, which contain large urban agglomerations, have been growing significantly faster than those that do not. Furthermore, proximity to large urban agglomerations has been positively correlated to economic growth. Halving travel time to a large urban agglomeration is associated with a 0.2 to 0.4 percentage points increase in annual per capita growth. More generally, the study also shows that measures of population density are positively correlated to growth. Among the different measures, by far the best predictor of growth between 1995 and 2010 is the maximum population density of a region.
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2013/05
    Keywords: 2007 - 2009 ; Finanzkrise ; Regionalregierung ; Öffentliche Schulden ; Schuldenübernahme ; Finanzpolitik ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The paper explores interrelations between the fiscal situation of sub-national and central governments, or – put differently – whether and how sub-national and central governments contribute to each other’s fiscal difficulties. The first part of the paper examines sub-national government policies that may negatively affect the fiscal situation of the central government. Based on a new cross-country data-set at the level of individual regions, it examines structural factors that increase the probability of sub-national entities accumulating amounts of debt that may ultimately turn out to be unsustainable. The underlying idea is to explore to what degree such debt levels could result from moral hazard-driven behaviour at the regional level. The second part of the paper examines whether and how national governments hand the burden of fiscal adjustment down to sub-national levels, mainly looking at examples from the wave of fiscal adjustments in the wake of the 2007-09 global financial crisis.
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 39 S., 0.94 MB) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD economic policy papers 2
    Keywords: Kapitalmobilität ; Finanzkrise ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The structure of a country’s external liabilities, as well as the extent and nature of its international financial integration are key determinants of its vulnerability to financial crises. This is confirmed by new empirical analysis covering OECD and emerging economies over the past four decades. For example, a bias in gross external liabilities towards debt has raised crisis risk. The same holds for "currency mismatch" which refers to a situation where a country's foreign-currency denominated liabilities are large compared to its foreign-currency denominated assets. In addition, international banking integration has been a major vector of contagion, and even more so when cross-border bank lending was primarily short-term. Vulnerability to contagion has been lower when global liquidity has been abundant, underlining the importance of major central banks ensuring ample international liquidity at times of financial turmoil. Structural policies can increase financial stability, typically through their effects on the composition of the external financial account or on the vulnerability to contagion-induced financial shocks. Lower barriers on foreign direct investment and lower product market regulations have increased financial stability by shifting external liabilities from debt towards FDI. In contrast, tax systems that favour debt finance over equity finance have undermined stability by increasing the share of debt, including external debt, in corporate financing. Targeted capital controls on inflows from credit operations have reduced the impact of financial contagion, not least by shifting the structure of external liabilities. Stricter information disclosure rules or capital requirements, and strong supervisory authorities have also reduced countries' financial crisis risk.
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility 1
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 902
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility 4
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 967
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility
    Keywords: Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The global financial crisis of 2007-09 and the ensuing sovereign debt crisis in Europe provide evidence that portfolio rebalancing of financial investors can contribute to spread financial turmoil across countries. Rebalancing of portfolios, in turn, may be driven by the need to meet liquidity or capital requirements, or by sudden changes in investor sentiment. This paper tests explicitly for the change-insentiment channel of financial contagion. Using bilateral bank data and an instrumental variables technique that allows focusing on changes in investors’ country assessments that are unrelated to fundamentals, changes in investor sentiment are indeed found to drive capital flows. Sentiment-driven capital flows are found to be smaller in countries with a tougher regulatory stance, such as stricter banking supervision or enhanced financial transparency.
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility 2
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 903
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility 3
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 966
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility
    Keywords: Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper examines how structural policies can influence a country's risk of suffering financial turmoil. Using a panel of 184 developed and emerging economies from 1970 to 2009, the empirical analysis examines which structural policies can affect financial stability by either shaping the financial account structure, by reducing the risk of international financial contagion, or by directly reducing the risk of financial crises. Differentiated capital controls are found to affect financial stability via the structure of the financial account. Moreover, a number of structural policies including regulatory burdens on foreign direct investment, strict product market regulation, or tax systems which favour debt over equity finance are found to bias external financing towards debt, thereby increasing financial crisis risk. By contrast, more stringent domestic capital adequacy requirements for banks, greater reliance of a domestic banking system on deposits, controls on credit market inflows, and openness to foreign bank entry are found to reduce the vulnerability to financial contagion. Finally, vulnerability to international bank balance-sheet shocks is found to be lower in situations of abundant global liquidity, underlining the importance of adequate central bank reactions in situations of financial turmoil.
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility 6
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 969
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility
    Keywords: Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Using the 2008-09 global financial crisis, this paper examines the role of different forms of international financial integration for asset price contagion in crisis times. Defining contagion as the transmission of financial market movements beyond the co-movements that would occur in “tranquil” times, the paper looks into the presence of contagion in the period of turmoil prior to the fall of Lehman Brothers, in the main crisis period following the Lehman collapse, and in the ensuing late stages of the crisis. The analysis uses bilateral financial and trade linkages and daily data on equity and bond prices for a sample of 46 countries between 2002 and 2011. Bilateral debt integration and common bank lenders are found to have transmitted financial turmoil through equity and bond markets at the height of the crisis. During this period, real trade linkages also increased equity price co-movements. By contrast, no robust evidence is found that equity or FDI integration increased asset price co-movements during the crisis.
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility 7
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 970
    Series Statement: International capital mobility and financial fragility
    Keywords: Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper brings together the results from new empirical analysis on how – under international capital mobility – financial account structure and structural policies can contribute to financial stability. More specifically, the analysis has identified features of financial accounts and structural policy settings that are associated with financial fragility, and this paper presents information on these features and policy settings across a wide set of countries. A first set of charts present stability-relevant dimensions of the financial account for OECD economies and the BRIICS. A second set of charts shows how countries' financial account structure evolved in the decade prior to the global financial crisis, highlighting substantial increases in financial vulnerability in countries that were subsequently strongly affected by the crisis. Finally, a third set of charts presents countries' stances on selected structural policies that are conducive to financial stability.
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 877
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 15
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers 884
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264079731
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 318 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Educating teachers for diversity
    DDC: 370.117
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Teachers Training of ; Multicultural education ; Lehrerfortbildung ; Interkulturelles Lernen ; Interkulturelle Erziehung
    Abstract: This publication summarises key research findings which can be used to redesign initial and continuing teacher education to help practitioners effectively teach diverse students. It looks at challenges teachers face in OECD countries and presents a range of policies and practices used in various contexts, from countries with long histories of diversity to those with more recent experiences. The key role of evaluation - of teachers, schools and systems - is emphasised. Educating Teachers for Diversity: Meeting the Challenge asks how these insights can inspire continuing educational reform for o
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Acknowledgements; Table of Contents; Executive summary; Part I - Context, concepts and research; The importance of effective teacher education for diversity; On diversity in educational contexts; The OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) and teacher education for diversity; Diversity in education: the importance of disaggregating data; Part II - Preparing teachers for diverse classrooms; Diversity and educational disparities: the role of teacher education; Attracting and retaining diverse student teachers
    Description / Table of Contents: Curriculum planning and development: implications for a new generation of teacher educatorsIntercultural competence teacher-training models: the Italian experience; Part III - Moving into practice; From homogeneity to diversity in German education; Teacher education for diversity in Spain: moving from theory to practice; School leader approaches to multicultural education: a Northern Ireland case study; Classroom practices for teaching diversity: an example from Washington State (United States); Part IV - The pending agenda; Supporting effective practice: the pending agenda
    Description / Table of Contents: Annex A - An international online consultationBiographies of contributing authors
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264076044
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 215 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Are the new millennium learners making the grade?
    DDC: 339.486413
    Keywords: Educational technology ; Education Effect of technological innovations on ; Computer users ; Information technology Social aspects ; Informationstechnik ; Zugang
    Abstract: Using data from PISA 2006, this book analyzes to what extent investments in technology enhance educational outcomes. One of the most striking findings of this study is that the digital divide in education goes beyond the issue of access to technology. A new second form of digital divide has been identified: the one existing between those who have the right competencies to benefit from computer use, and those who do not. These competencies and skills are closely linked to the economic, cultural and social capital of the student. This finding has important implications for policy and practice. Governments should make an effort to clearly convey the message that computer use matters for the education of young people and do their best to engage teachers and schools in raising the frequency of computer use to a level that becomes relevant. If schools and teachers are really committed to the development of 21st century competencies, such an increase will happen naturally. Only in these circumstances will clear correlations between technology use and educational performance emerge.--Publisher's description
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Report managed by Francesc Pedró , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264075924
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Working out change
    DDC: 373.130282
    RVK:
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Bildungssystem ; Berufsausbildung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This book analyses systemic innovation in education by looking at the ways in which educational systems encourage innovation, the knowledge base and processes used, and the procedures and criteria used to assess progress and evaluate outcomes. It draws on findings from 14 case studies in Vocational Education and Training in six OECD countries: Australia, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Mexico and Switzerland. The resulting analysis helps us understand how we can support and sustain innovation in educational systems in the VET sector
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Acknowledgements; Executive Summary; Introduction; Innovation and Systemic Innovation in Public Services; Innovation in Education and Vocational Education and Training; Drivers, Enablers and Barriers to Systemic Innovation in VET; Process and Dynamics of Systemic Innovation:Initiation, Implementation, Monitoring, Evaluation and Scaling Up; The Role of the Knowledge Base; Towards a Typology of Systemic Innovation in VET; Government, Policy and Systemic Innovation in VET; The Research Agenda; Conclusions and Policy Implications;
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264067813
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 141 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Beyond textbooks
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Nordische Staaten ; Computerunterstütztes Lernen
    Abstract: Technology is a key driver of educational innovation, and a variety of programmes focusing on investment in infrastructure, equipment, in-service training and digital learning resources have been established to promote its usage in primary and secondary schools. So far, little comparative analytical attention has been devoted to understanding how digital resources improve the quality of learning and to assessing the public policies that support their development and use, and the role played by other stakeholders like publishers, broadcasting companies and increasingly user communities. This pu
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Acknowledgements; Table of Contents; Executive Summary; Introduction; Systemic Innovation and ICT in Education; ICT Policy in the Nordic Countries; Government-Initiated Innovations in the Nordic Countries; Innovation Initiated by Commercial Actors; Bottom-Up Innovations; Conclusions and Recommendations; Developing the knowledge Base on DLRs; Appendix A- Cases studied in the DLRs Project; Appendix B - ICT Strategies in the Nordic Countries;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789264029132
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 268 S.) , Ill.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Centre for Educational Research and Innovation Understanding the brain
    DDC: 612.8233
    Keywords: Learning, Psychology of ; Learning Physiological aspects ; Cognitive neuroscience ; Brain ; Lernforschung ; Hirnfunktion ; Lernpsychologie
    Abstract: This book provides new insights about learning by synthesising existing and emerging findings from cognitive and brain science and exploring how this new information might impact teaching, parenting, and educational policy making. It shows what the latest brain imaging techniques and other advances in the neurosciences actually reveal about how the brain develops and operates at different stages in life from birth to old age and how the brain is involved in acquiring skills such as reading and counting. It also presents scientific insights into what happens when the brain malfunction
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. The learning brain -- pt. 2. Collaborative articles.
    Note: "Follows from the OECD report Understanding the brain : towards a new learning science issued in 2002."--Foreword , At head of title: Centre for Educational Research and Innovation , Includes bibliographical references , Published in French under the title: Comprendre le cerveau : naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Comprendre le cerveau : naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264028401
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Schooling for tomorrow
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Demand-sensitive schooling?
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Lécole face aux attentes du public
    Keywords: Schulentwicklung
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264028418
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 147 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Schooling for tomorrow
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Demand-sensitive schooling?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Schule ; Bildungsreform ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Education and state ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; OECD ; Einstellung ; Eltern ; Erwartung ; Kind ; Nachfrage ; Schulbildung ; Schulentwicklung
    Abstract: Many identify a critical shift from traditional schooling towards the future. It lies in the move from supply-led systems - operating to procedures decided by educational authorities, schools and teachers - towards systems which are much more sensitive to demand. But, whose demands should these be? And what are they? What do we know about the attitudes and expectations of parents and students, who are arguably those with the greatest stake in what goes on in schools? And how well do schools currently recognise these demands? Is sensitivity to the wishes of students, parents and their communities a democratic norm or further evidence of rampant educational consumerism?
    Abstract: Many educational experts are identifying a critical shift from from supply-led systems, operating to procedures decided by educational authorities, schools and teachers, towards systems which are much more sensitive to demand. But whose demands should these be? What are they? And how will schools recognize and cope with them? This book examines different aspects of the demand concept and presents international evidence from Austria, the Czech and Slovak Republics, Denmark, England, Finland, Hungary, Japan, Poland, Spain, and the United States to reveal attitudes and expectations.--Publisher's description
    Description / Table of Contents: Exploring the concept of demand -- Public and parental perceptions of schooling -- Parental choice and diversity of provision -- Parent and community "voice" in schools -- What do the students say? -- The demand dimensions : concluding issues and directions.
    Note: "Project leader David Istance was responsible for this report, along with Henno Theisens. Delphine Grandrieux and Jennifer Cannon prepared and edited the text"--P. 4 , "Centre for Educational Research and Innovation , Includes bibliographical references , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: L'école face aux attentes du public , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 23
    ISBN: 926416409X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Children and families at risk
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 1996 ; Familie ; Unterprivilegierung ; Sozialarbeit
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