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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (4)
  • HeBIS
  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1980  (4)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (4)
  • Language and languages—Philosophy.  (4)
  • 1
    ISBN: 9789400991170
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (355p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 15
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 15
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1: Introduction -- A Sketch of Some Recent Developments in the Theory of Conditionals -- 2: The Classic Stalnaker-Lewis Theory of Conditionals -- A Theory of Conditionals -- Counterfactuals and Comparative Possibility -- A Defense of Conditional Excluded Middle -- 3. Conditionals and Subjective Conditional Probability (The Ramsey Test Paradigm) -- Probability and Conditionals -- Probabilities of Conditionals and Conditional Probabilities -- 4: Conditionals for Decision Making (Another Paradigm) -- Letter to David Lewis -- Counterfactuals and Two Kinds of Expected Utility -- 5: Indicative vs. Subjunctive Conditionals -- Indicative Conditionals -- Two Recent Theories of Conditionals -- Indicative Conditionals and Conditional Probability -- Indicative Conditionals and Conditional Probability: Reply to Pollock -- 6: Chance, Time, and the Subjunctive Conditional -- The Prior Propensity Account of Subjunctive Conditionals -- A Subjectivisms Guide to Objective Chance -- A Theory of Conditionals in the Context of Branching Time -- A Temporal Framework for Conditionals and Chance.
    Abstract: With publication of the present volume, The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science enters its second phase. The first fourteen volumes in the Series were produced under the managing editorship of Professor James J. Leach, with the cooperation of a local editorial board. Many of these volumes resulted from colloguia and workshops held in con­ nection with the University of Western Ontario Graduate Programme in Philosophy of Science. Throughout its seven year history, the Series has been devoted to publication of high quality work in philosophy of science con­ sidered in its widest extent, including work in philosophy of the special sciences and history of the conceptual development of science. In future, this general editorial emphasis will be maintained, and hopefully, broadened to include important works by scholars working outside the local context. Appointment of a new managing editor, together with an expanded editorial board, brings with it the hope of an enlarged international presence for the Series. Serving the publication needs of those working in the various subfields within philosophy of science is a many-faceted operation. Thus in future the Series will continue to produce edited proceedings of worthwhile scholarly meetings and edited collections of seminal background papers. How­ ever, the publication priorities will shift emphasis to favour production of monographs in the various fields covered by the scope of the Series. THE MANAGING EDITOR vii W. L. Harper, R. Stalnaker, and G. Pearce (eds.), lIs, vii.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789400990128
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (165p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 143
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Humanism and the Humanities -- Grammar, Truth, and Logic -- Comments on Quine -- Theories of Truth and Learnable Languages -- Montague Grammar, Mental Representations, and Reality -- Index, Context, and Content -- Fuzzy Logic and Restricted Quantifiers -- Die semantische Struktur der syntaktischen Gebilde und die semantischen Systeme der Generativisten -- The Empirical Semantics of Key Terms, Phrases and Sentences.
    Abstract: Among the several dozens of symposia held on the occasion of the quincentennial of U ppsala University, there was included one symposium devoted to the theme of 'Philosophy and Grammar'. A selection of the most important papers delivered at this symposium have been collected in this volume. The papers need no introduction, but the inclusion of two of them in this collection requires a brief comment. First, the paper by von Wright, although not directly concerned with the central topic of the symposium, has been included because it was the terminating speech of the six parallel symposia (including the symposium on 'Philosophy and Grammar') held by the Humanities Faculty and moreover, because the raison d'etre of the Humanities is analyzed in this paper by a very prominent Swedish-speaking philosopher. Second, Professor Hintikka was unable to participate. In view of his expertise in the field, we nevertheless requested him to contribute a paper, so to speak, post factum. This he very generously did. We wish to express our sincere appreciation to all who participated and/or helped to carry the sessions through to a successful conclusion. We also wish to extend a special thanks to Professor Roman lakobson of Harvard University, who assumed the responsibility of General Chairman of the symposium.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400989641
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Texts and Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 10
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Semantic Structure and Illocutionary Force -- Perlocutions -- Pragmatic Entailment and Questions -- Surface Compositionality and the Semantics of Mood -- Yes-No Questions as Wh-Questions -- Syntactic Meanings -- Situational Context and Illocutionary Force -- Semantics and Pragmatics of Sentence Connectives in Natural Language -- Some Remarks on Explicit Performatives, Indirect Speech Acts, Locutionary Meaning and Truth-Value -- The Background of Meaning -- Towards a Pragmatically Based Theory of Meaning -- Illocutionary Logic and Self-Defeating Speech Acts -- Telling the Facts -- Methodological Remarks on Speech Act Theory -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: In the study of language, as in any other systematic study, there is no neutral terminology. Every technical term is an expression of the assumptions and theoretical presuppositions of its users; and in this introduction, we want to clarify some of the issues that have surrounded the assumptions behind the use of the two terms "speech acts" and "pragmatics". The notion of a speech act is fairly well understood. The theory of speech acts starts with the assumption that the minimal unit of human communica­ tion is not a sentence or other expression, but rather the performance of certain kinds of acts, such as making statements, asking questions, giving orders, describing, explaining, apologizing, thanking, congratulating, etc. Characteristically, a speaker performs one or more of these acts by uttering a sentence or sentences; but the act itself is not to be confused with a sentence or other expression uttered in its performance. Such types of acts as those exemplified above are called, following Austin, illocutionary acts, and they are standardly contrasted in the literature with certain other types of acts such as perlocutionary acts and propositional acts. Perlocutionary acts have to do with those effects which our utterances have on hearers which go beyond the hearer's understanding of the utterance. Such acts as convincing, persuading, annoying, amusing, and frightening are all cases of perlocutionary acts.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400990654
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, formerly Synthese Language Library 11
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 11
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 2. The Syntax and Semantics of Two Simple Languages -- I. The Language L0 -- II. The Language L0E -- III. A Synopsis of Truth-Conditional Semantics -- IV. The Notion of Truth Relative to a Model -- V. Validity and Entailment Defined in Terms of Possible Models -- VI. Model Theory and Deductive Systems -- Exercises -- Note -- 3. First-Order Predicate Logic -- I. The Language L1 -- II. The Language L1E -- Exercises -- Notes -- 4. A Higher-Order Type-Theoretic Language -- I. A Notational Variant of L1 -- II. The Language Ltype -- III. Lambda Abstraction and the Language L? -- Exercises -- Notes -- 5. Tense and Modal Operators -- I. Tense Operators and Their Interpretation -- II. The Other Varieties of Modal Logic; the Operators ? and ? -- III. Languages Containing Both Tense and Modal Operators: Coordinate Semantics -- Exercises -- Notes -- 6. Montague’s Intensional Logic -- I. Compositionality and the Intension-Extension Distinction -- II. The Intensional Logic of PTQ -- III. Examples of ‘Oblique Contexts’ as Represented in IL -- IV. Some Unresolved Issues with Possible Worlds Semantics and Propositional Attitudes -- Notes -- 7. The Grammar of PTQ -- I. The Overall Organization of the PTQ Grammar -- II. Subject-Predicate and Determiner-Noun Rules -- III. Conjoined Sentences, Verb Phrases, and Term Phrases -- IV. Anaphoric Pronouns as Bound Variables; Scope Ambiguities and Relative Clauses -- V. Be, Transitive Verbs, Meaning Postulates, and Non-Specific Readings -- VI. Adverbs and Infinitive Complement Verbs -- VII. De dicto Pronouns and Some Pronoun Problems -- VIII. Prepositions, Tenses, and Negation -- Exercises -- Notes -- 8. Montague’s General Semiotic Program -- 9. An Annotated Bibliography of Further Work in Montague Semantics -- Appendix I: Index of Symbols -- Appendix II: Variable Type Conventions for Chapter 7 -- Notes -- References -- Answers to Selected Problems and Exercises.
    Abstract: In this book we hope to acquaint the reader with the fundamentals of truth­ conditional model-theoretic semantics, and in particular with a version of this developed by Richard Montague in a series of papers published during the 1960's and early 1970's. In many ways the paper 'The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English' (commonly abbreviated PTQ) represents the culmination of Montague's efforts to apply the techniques developed within mathematical logic to the semantics of natural languages, and indeed it is the system outlined there that people generally have in mind when they refer to "Montague Grammar". (We prefer the term "Montague Semantics" inasmuch as a grammar, as conceived of in current linguistics, would contain at least a phonological component, a morphological component, and other subsystems which are either lacking entirely or present only in a very rudi­ mentary state in the PTQ system. ) Montague's work has attracted increasing attention in recent years among linguists and philosophers since it offers the hope that semantics can be characterized with the same formal rigor and explicitness that transformational approaches have brought to syntax. Whether this hope can be fully realized remains to be seen, but it is clear nonetheless that Montague semantics has already established itself as a productive para­ digm, leading to new areas of inquiry and suggesting new ways of conceiving of theories of natural language. Unfortunately, Montague's papers are tersely written and very difficult to follow unless one has a considerable background in logical semantics.
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