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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (2.937)
  • GBV
  • 2020-2024  (2.937)
  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (2.937)
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (2.937)
  • GBV
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  • 1
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    Biomedical Imaging Technologies for Cardiovascular Disease (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570068 , 9783036570075
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Cardiovascular medicine
    Kurzfassung: This reprint aims to provide an update on the biomedical imaging technologies that can be used for cardiovascular diseases, including Doppler echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. Cardiovascular disease imaging assessment includes anatomy, hemodynamics, and tissue biomarkers, which aid the stratification of patient risk and therapy. In addition, this Special Issue includes articles that discuss the recent integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, in order to support novel approaches to personalized image-based diagnosis
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  • 2
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    Ensuring Quality Education and Good Learning Environments for Students: Improving the quality of higher education through good teaching practices (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036567365 , 9783036567372
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Education
    Kurzfassung: The ever-growing information and communications within society require us to continuously update our knowledge. For this reason, higher education must provide students and lecturers with the opportunity to implement new learning approaches in the classroom. In this sense, teaching is adapting to a fast-changing world, and achieving a high-quality standard for our educational systems will ensure that the education standard appropriately adapts to both the current times and to new teaching–learning processes. This topic captures the attention of different socio-educational actors in order to achieve an education style that develops individuals and provides them with the necessary strategies to assist their learning throughout their lifetime
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  • 3
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    The Role of Fungi in Biodeterioration of Cultural Heritage: New Insights for Their Control (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036564951 , 9783036564968
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on fungi as they are considered one of the most harmful organisms, endangering the conservation of historical and artistic heritage worldwide. Fungi are a large group of organisms occupying many ecological niches, even those considered extreme, due to their ability to cope with many environmental factors and to feed on all organic materials, even those considered toxic. For these reasons, the conservation of artefacts of historical or artistic value must consider information on fungal diversity, ecology, and the methods of controlling or limiting their destructive action. Biocides have been used for decades as the method of choice to stop or mitigate fungal spreading when preventive measures fail. Recently, more attention has been paid to alternative control methods that are more respectful of the operator and the environment. Due to the wide range of materials used throughout history, and the microclimatic conditions to which they are subjected worldwide, more efforts are needed to cover this knowledge gap and set more sustainable protocols
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  • 4
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    Solid-Phase Microextraction and Related Techniques in Bioanalysis (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570471 , 9783036570464
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Analytical chemistry
    Kurzfassung: Bioanalysis of endogenous substances, metabolites, and contaminants poisons is important in analyses of biological functions, metabolomics, forensic toxicology, patient diagnosis and biomonitoring of human exposure to hazardous chemicals. In these analyses, methods of sample preparation are essential for the isolation and concentration of target analytes from complex biological matrices. These processes, however, are time-consuming, labor-intensive and error-prone, and markedly influence the reliability and accuracy of determining target analytes. Thus, efficient sample preparation techniques and their integration with analytical methods have become significant. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple and convenient sample preparation technique that has enabled automation, miniaturization, high-throughput performance, and online coupling with analytical instruments. Moreover, SPME has reduced analysis times, as well as solvent and disposal costs.This reprint consists of 14 original, peer-reviewed papers for the Special Issue in the MDPI journal Molecules. The topics covered include headspace fiber SPME (HS-SPME) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), HS-in-needle microextraction GC-MS, thin film SPME liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), magnetic solid phase extraction LC-MS/MS, in-tube SPME LC-MS/MS and in-tube SPME LC-UV. Samples analyzed include plant-derived volatile organic compounds; body odor; metabolites in urine, plasma and saliva sample; and biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure in hair and environmental estrogens
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  • 5
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    Sustainable Construction Materials: From Paste to Concrete (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036568614 , 9783036568607
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (388 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: With increasing attention on the reduction of CO2 emissions, the sustainability of construction materials has become one of the most growing issues in concrete science and engineering research fields. New sustainable construction materials, such as alkali-activated materials, calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement, and limestone calcined clay cement (LC3), have been suggested and high-performance and/or highly durable construction materials using special admixtures, such as nanomaterials, have been studied to reduce the environmental impact during the life cycle of construction materials.This Special Issue aims to highlight and share recent findings in developing new sustainable cementitious materials, modeling their hydration kinetics, investigating their microstructure, improving the performance and durability of cementitious materials using functional supplementary ingredients, suggesting novel test methods for new construction materials, etc. In this Special Issue are presented the following areas:Sustainable concrete and alternative binders;Hydration kinetics of sustainable cementitious materials;Characterization of sustainable cementitious materials;Re-utilization of industrial by-products for construction materials;High strength and durable cementitious materials;Property enhancement by functional additives;Energy storage through construction materials
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  • 6
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    Challenges and Opportunities for Effective Cancer Immunotherapies (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569604 , 9783036569611
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (500 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Anti-cancer immunotherapies have generated spectacular outcomes in the clinical environment and changed treatment schemes for cancer patients. Adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), including using autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and checkpoint blockades have emerged as the most effective treatments for certain cancers. The current challenge for cancer immunotherapies is that although some patients have benefited from the treatments, a number of cancers are resistant. The purpose of this Special Issue is to understand anti-cancer immunotherapy treatment resistance mechanisms and explore new options to provide opportunities for effective treatments
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  • 7
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    Knowledge Engineering and Data Mining (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036567884 , 9783036567891
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: Knowledge engineering and data mining are fundamental topics in the area of artificial intelligence and knowledge-based systems. This Special Issue covers the entire knowledge engineering pipeline: from data acquisition and data mining to knowledge extraction and exploitation. The reader will find topics including data mining methods, multidimensional data analysis, supervised and unsupervised learning methods, methods of knowledge-based management, language ontologies, ontology learning, and others
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  • 8
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    Sustainable Marketing, Branding and CSR in the Digital Economy (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570969 , 9783036570976
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: Sustainable marketing practice is essential for developing a more comprehensive understanding of consumers’ purchase decisions in dynamic digital marketing environments. Scholars and practitioners conceive sustainable marketing practices as episodic, predicated on temporal practices in response to emerging digital environments. Consumers are increasingly becoming aware of the ecological issues that their consumption creates in the marketplace. Despite the importance of sustainable practices, when and how sustainability occurs regarding the consumer’s purchase decision remains largely unexplored. In part, this is because the practices of sustainability in the emerging computer-mediated marketing environments (CMMEs) are difficult to anticipate and study. Much of what we know about sustainable marketing practice is mainly focused on customer–brand relationships. Prior literature examining sustainable marketing practice through CMMEs remains sparse, despite consistent emphasis on the benefits of sustainable marketing practices in the emerging digital world
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  • 9
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    Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization: An Honorary Issue Dedicated to Professor Kalyanmoy Deb (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569802 , 9783036569819
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries ; Computer science
    Kurzfassung: This volume is a reprint of the Honorary Special Issue dedicated to the 60th birthday of Professor Dr. Kalyanmoy Deb, published in the journal Mathematical and Computational Applications (MCA). Kalyanmoy Deb has been a pioneer and highly impactful and influential proponent of Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMO) since 1994. He is currently a Koenig Endowed Chair Professor and University Distinguished Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Michigan State University, USA, and holds additional appointments in Mechanical Engineering and in Computer Science and Engineering. Professor Deb’s research interests are in evolutionary optimization and its application in multi-objective optimization, modeling, machine learning, and in multi-objective decision making. He has been a visiting professor at various universities across the world, including IITs in India, Aalto University in Finland, the University of Skovde in Sweden, and Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. He was awarded the IEEE Evolutionary Computation Pioneer Award, the Infosys Prize, the TWAS Prize in Engineering Sciences, the CajAstur Mamdani Prize, the Distinguished Alumni Award from IIT Kharagpur, the Edgeworth Pareto Award, the Bhatnagar Prize in Engineering Sciences, and the Bessel Research Award from Germany. He is a fellow of IEEE, ASME, and three Indian science and engineering academies
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  • 10
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    Surface Water Quality Modelling (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569475 , 9783036569468
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue showcases some advanced methodologies used in surface water quality modelling. Its aim is to introduce several topics that are new in the field of surface water quality modelling and help spur new developments in each of the topics. It is intended for a readership consisting of researchers, academicians, consultants and government agency representatives. The editor of this Special Issue wishes to thank all authors, reviewers and academic editors in their contributions, without whom the publishing of this collective work would not have come to pass
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  • 11
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    Advances in Artificial Intelligence Methods Applications in Industrial Control Systems (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036568089 , 9783036568096
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The motivation for the present reprint is to provide an overview of novel applications of AI methods to industrial control systems by means of selected best practices in highlighting how such methodologies can be used to improve the production systems self-learning capacities, their overall performance, the related process and product quality, the optimal use of resources and the industrial systems safety, and resilience to varying boundary conditions and production requests. By means of its seven scientific contributions, the present reprint illustrates the increasing added value of the introduction of AI methods for improving the performance of control solutions with reference to different control and automation problems in different industrial applications and sectors, ranging from single manipulators or small unmanned ground vehicles up to complex manufacturing. Additionally, the role of AI to improve the performance of relevant engineering methodologies and digital instruments, such as cyberphysical systems, digital twins, and human–robot collaboration, are also effectively addressed in the included contributions
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  • 12
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    Personalized and Precision Medicine 2022 (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570457 , 9783036570440
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: This reprint, guest edited by Anne-Marie Caminade, gives an impressionist overview of the current state of the art about “Personalized and Precision Medicine”. Twenty contributions illustrate the diversity of the topic, including new approaches about cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, lungs obstruction, skeletal diseases, intestinal microbiomes, new tools such as ultra-high-frequency ultrasound or non-oncological radiotherapy, and a new class of drugs (dendrimers). This reprint is an illustration of the present and future impact of Personalized and Precision Medicine on all the therapeutic domains
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  • 13
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    Novel ZnO-Based Nanostructures : Synthesis, Characterization and Applications (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036571348 , 9783036571355
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Physics
    Kurzfassung: Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructure, one of most famous nanomaterials in past decades, provides extensive and adaptive applications to wide communities include material, physics, daily-use chemical industry and medical societies. Controlled synthesis, advancing characterization tools, and endless healthcare from materials, drive rapid evolution of understanding and engineering on ZnO nanomaterials. Here, in this reprint, novel research articles and mini reviews are included with the focus on the novel synthesis, applications on the air and liquid purifications by using the photocatalytic merits of ZnO. Additionally, antibacterial performance from the ZnO nanostructures were demonstrated by these original contributions, which directs the new possibility from ZnO towards medical usage
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  • 14
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    Focus on Antibiotics – New Challenges and Steps Forward in Discovery and Development (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036572017 , 9783036572000
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Kurzfassung: The Special Issue "Focus on Antibiotics - New Challenges and Steps Forward in Discovery and Development" addresses the latest efforts towards discovering new antibiotics. The articles in this Special Issue cover various topics concerning antibacterial drugs. They provide valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities facing the field of antibiotic research and offer innovative solutions to tackle the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. The content of this Special Issue addresses antibacterial quinolones of the latest generation, new tetracyclines (such as glycylcyclines, aminomethylcyclines, and fluorocyclines), metal complexes (Ru (II/III) frameworks and Co(III) complexes with diamine chelate ligands), various nanoparticles (gold, silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles), bioactive compounds produced by Mixobacterials species, anti-mycobacterial compounds acting as phosphopantetheinyl transferase inhibitors. The research in this Special Issue will contribute to pharmaceutics and ultimately contribute to developing new and effective antibiotics. We are grateful to the authors for their contributions and hope this Special Issue will stimulate further research and discussion on antibiotics. We also thank the reviewers for their time and expertise, and the editorial team for supporting this Special Issue. Finally, we hope this Special Issue will serve as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers working towards a future where antibiotics remain vital in our fight against infectious diseases
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  • 15
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    High Accuracy Detection of Mobile Malware Using Machine Learning (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036571751 , 9783036571744
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: As increasingly sophisticated and evasive malware attacks continue to emerge, more effective detection solutions to tackle the problem are being sought through the application of advanced machine learning techniques. This reprint presents several advances in the field including: a new method of generating adversarial samples through byte sequence feature extraction using deep learning; a state-of-the-art comparative evaluation of deep learning approaches for mobile botnet detection; a novel visualization-based approach that utilizes images for Android botnet detection; a study on the detection of drive-by exploits in images using deep learning; etc. Furthermore, this reprint presents state-of-the-art reviews about machine learning-based detection techniques that will increase researchers' knowledge in the field and enable them to identify future research and development directions
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  • 16
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    Education and Sustainable Development Goals (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036564685 , 9783036564692
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Education
    Kurzfassung: This reprint addresses the relationship between education and sustainability from various perspectives. The main issues discussed in the 12 collected papers are concerned with (1) the quality of education, (2) SDG policy and implementation, (3) education and societal development, (4) students’ learning, and (5) global experience
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  • 17
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    Non-invasive Medical Devices for Detection and Monitoring within Healthcare (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569840 , 9783036569857
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Biosensors, especially non-invasive ones, are an area of extreme importance and fantastic advancements. As nanotechnology continually becomes more and more refined, its applications in a multitude of areas also grow. One area that has seen an explosion of innovations is healthcare. Such biosensors have allowed for the diagnosis, monitoring, and even treatment of a myriad of different disease states. This reprint highlights many of the past, current, and potential future advancements
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  • 18
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    Novel Applications and Technologies for the Industrial Exploitation of Algal Derived Marine Bioactives as Nutraceuticals or Pharmaceuticals (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570082 , 9783036570099
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Kurzfassung: The active molecules or bioactives (i.e., polysaccharides, fatty acids, proteins, polyphenols, diterpenes, steroids and alkaloids) from algae (seaweed and microalgae) have been widely studied in recent years for multiple pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Innovative and emerging technologies, including but not limited to ultrasounds, microwaves, electric fields, high-pressure supercritical fluids, ionic fluids and plasma, are currently being explored throughout multiple stages of the pre-treatment, extraction, isolation/purification and preservation of biomolecules from algae. This Special Issue will target research papers, reviews, short communications and perspectives on the use of novel technologies for the pre-treatment, extraction, isolation‒purification, characterization and preservation of marine compounds from algae. It will particularly focus on novel research related to algal bioactives with clear and demonstrated industrial applications and focuses
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  • 19
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    Advanced Hydrologic Modeling in Watershed Scales (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036571157 , 9783036571140
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Kurzfassung: Hydrologic modeling at the watershed scale is a key topic in the field of hydrology. The hydrological model is an important tool in understanding the impact of climate change and human activities on rainfall–runoff processes, and especially on water resources for human beings in a changing environment. In the last two decades, with the development of satellite remote sensing and artificial intelligence, many new datasets and methods have been introduced into hydrological modeling.Hydrologic modeling at the watershed scale is an important and fundamental research field in hydrology. Therefore, we proposed a Special Issue entitled "Advanced Hydrologic Modeling in Watershed Scales" in Water to publish results regarding the recent progress in hydrological modeling at the watershed scale against global changes. Before the deadline for the submission of manuscripts to this Special Issue, we received many manuscripts regarding hydrological modeling at the watershed scale. In total, ten articles have been published in this Special Issue. Researchers interested in hydrological modeling and the impacts of environmental changes on water resources may be interested in this reprint
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  • 20
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    Novel Therapeutic Considerations in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570150 , 9783036570143
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Oncology
    Kurzfassung: Sarcomas are a group of rare cancers that arise in connective tissues of the body. Surgical resection is pivotal for the management of locoregional disease. In locally advanced or metastatic disease settings, systemic therapy has an important role in the multidisciplinary management of sarcoma. Cytotoxic therapy has been the primary treatment for many years. However, recent advances in molecular pathogenesis, the investigation of the tumour microenvironment, changes in clinical trial design, and increased international collaboration have led to the development of histology-driven therapy. Furthermore, genomic profiling has highlighted that, while some sarcomas have complex karyotypes, others are driven by translocation, amplification, and mutation, representing targets for the development of novel therapies. Checkpoint inhibitors have been used as single agents or in combination in clinical sarcoma trials. This progress will move the therapeutic modality in sarcoma patients from the “one-size-fits-all” approach towards a more personalized therapeutic algorithm and better outcomes soon. In this Special Issue, we present original research and review articles highlighting novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of sarcoma patients
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  • 21
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    Novel Anticancer Strategies (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570310 , 9783036570303
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (396 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Oncology
    Kurzfassung: Novel Anticancer Strategies reviews important findings and updates within the cancer therapy field, of great interest to those in academic research studying the development and validation of novel anticancer approaches. The Editor invited preeminent specialists to contribute to original and review articles devoted to key areas of major progress and expectations. Key features: Nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer therapy; Extracellular vesicles for anticancer drug delivery; Peptide-based drug conjugates; Cancer stem cells as a valuable target to eradicate tumor relapse; Spheroids in preclinical model for cancer research; and cancer immunotherapy
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  • 22
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    Epidemiology and Control of Plant Diseases (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569536 , 9783036569529
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is intended for a broad readership of phytopathologists. It includes different scientific contributions focused on many crucial aspects, such as the identification, characterization and rapid detection of plant diseases; predictive models and deep learning networks; and ecofriendly measures for disease management
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  • 23
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    Insights into Organic Carbon, Iron, Metals and Phosphorus Dynamics in Freshwaters (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036567440 , 9783036567457
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Kurzfassung: Organic carbon (OC), nutrients and trace metals are key aquatic components of freshwater systems, including groundwater, soil water, lakes, rivers, and their estuaries. Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest regarding the rising in organic carbon and iron concentrations in freshwaters in relation to the so-called “browning” effect, caused by climate warming and changes in anthropogenic pressure. As for phosphorus, it is a vital element for all aquatic ecosystems and its aquatic biogeochemical cycle now undergoes sizable changes linked to eutrophication, invasive species development, and transformations between organic and inorganic forms. This book combines the articles dedicated to various aspects of the behavior of organic carbon, phosphorus, iron (and other related metals) in a broad range of freshwater environments, from soil solutions and groundwaters to ponds, lakes, rivers, and their riparian zones and estuaries
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  • 24
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    Future Speech Interfaces with Sensors and Machine Intelligence (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569383 , 9783036569390
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Speech is the most spontaneous and natural means of communication, as well as the preferred modality for interacting with mobile or fixed electronic devices, but speech in-terfaces have drawbacks, such as a lack of user privacy; non-inclusivity for certain users; poor robustness in noisy conditions; and the difficulty of creating complex man–machine interfaces. The Special Issue “Future Speech Interfaces with Sensors and Machine Intelligence” assembles eleven contributions that cover multimodal and silent speech interfaces; lip reading applications; novel sensors for speech interfaces; and enhanced speech inclusivity tools for future speech interfaces. The articles make important improvements beyond the state of the art, advancing the state of the art to new frontiers in some cases. Short summaries of all articles, grouped by topic, are presented, followed by a global commentary and evaluation
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  • 25
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    Mechanical Properties of Advanced Metallic Materials (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569567 , 9783036569574
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Kurzfassung: We thank all contributors of this Special Issue and the editorial staff of Crystals for helping this Special Issue achieve success; we are especially gratefully to the expert reviewers who agreed to review the papers submitted to this Special Issue for their diligence and timely effort. Under joint efforts, finally, this Special Issue published 15 papers, including 1 review paper and 14 original research papers. These published papers are mainly related to the mechanical properties of superelastic alloys, titanium alloys, shape memory alloys, various kinds of steels, medium-entropy alloys, high-temperature alloys, etc. Under the success of this Special Issue, the published papers will promote the development and progress of advanced metallic materials. We sincerely hope these papers can cause the readers to be informative and inspire them to obtain new ideas
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  • 26
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    Advances in Remote Sensing of the Inland and Coastal Water Zones (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036566740 , 9783036566757
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint covers works related to research on the environments of coastal zones and inland waters, solving complex and current scientific problems in these areas. Tasks undertaken by the authors address current research trends using contemporary remote sensing techniques and cover various thematic areas or scientific approaches. Some works propose new possibilities of using geospatial data or methods of remote sensing data processing. They include issues related to the use of augmented and virtual reality, object-oriented image analysis, UAV-based photogrammetry, fusion of hydroacoustic and photogrammetric data, spatial interpolation, and geodata reduction techniques. These methods are being developed to support safe navigation in inland waters; low-cost monitoring of underwater objects; creating bathymetric maps and topobathymetric digital models or mapping submerged aquatic vegetation. The papers also focus on improving existing solutions and demonstrate new research approaches, including atmospheric correction, adjacency effects for remotely sensed images, classification of wetland vegetation, as well as determining the speed of sound in shallow waters for hydrography applications. These papers demonstrate the potential of the information contained in the remote sensing data acquired by the various platforms, as well as techniques for image processing based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE)
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  • 27
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    Ground Deformation Patterns Detection by InSAR and GNSS Techniques (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036568867 , 9783036568874
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue aims to provide a general overview of some geoscience applications of GNSS and InSAR techniques which are commonly used to study the surface deformation related to co- and post-seismic deformation, subsurface movements of magma beneath active volcanoes, soil deformation (e.g., natural/anthropic uplift or subsidence), monitoring of landslide, monitoring of industrial settlements, the motion of ice sheets, etc
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  • 28
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    Sensor Technology for Sports Monitoring (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570884 , 9783036570891
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: In order to be able to analyze and give proper advice on sport techniques, it is important to understand the biomechanical and physiological demands of different sports. In a coaching situation, feedback to the athlete should be given without too much delay. Over the past decades, sensor technology-related to sports monitoring has developed with huge steps. Senors are lighter, data transmission is mostly wireless, and software applications are more user-friendly. This reprint is addressed to all kinds of sensors that are currently being used for monitoring different sports
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  • 29
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    Nutrition at the Interface of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms: Implications for Health (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036567082 , 9783036567099
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Kurzfassung: An integral part of homeostasis includes daily rhythms in physiology, behavior, and metabolism. The circadian timing system enables organisms to adapt their biological functions to the cyclic nature of the Earth. Sleep is a fundamental physiological function, playing a crucial role in physical, mental and emotional health. Alterations of sleep quality and quantity caused by modern lifestyle and behavior as well sleep disorders are associated with an increased risk for chronic diseases. Chronic misalignment of endogenous rhythms can also lead to metabolic dysfunction. Research is starting to demonstrate the complex interrelationship between nutrition, sleep and the circadian system. For example, some foods and nutrients may impact the availability of substances that influence sleep. On the other hand, inadequate sleep is associated with an unhealthy nutrient intake and altered metabolism. Nutrients can act as drivers of circadian rhythms; they have the ability to influence circadian regulation and alter biological functions in specific tissues. A lacuna still exists in the knowledge surrounding the interplay of nutrition with sleep and the circadian system. In light of this, novel opportunities are disclosed for developing tailored nutritional recommendations with beneficial effects on sleep and circadian rhythmicity so as to improve life quality and prevent disease. The purpose of this Special Issue is therefore to collect contributions regarding this interplay and the related clinical implications
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  • 30
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    Chemical and Biological Threats, Hazard Potential and Countermeasures (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036550374 , 9783036550381
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Kurzfassung: In this Special Issue of Toxics entitled, “Chemical and biological threats, hazard potential and countermeasures”. In this special issue we would like to pay attention to various aspects of toxicology specifically focused on the chemical and biological threats, which may accidentally or on purpose endanger human health. Besides the characterization of such threats and their biological consequences we will focus on the available and novel experimental countermeasures capable to protect from and/or threat such exposures
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  • 31
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    Encyclopedia of Engineering (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570006 , 9783036570013
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (464 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Encyclopedia of Engineering aims at providing a collection of entries concerning several fields of Engineering Sciences. The reprint provides a historical overview, starting from the investigation of Mechanics and Science in Ancient Greece and showing their evolution over time. The topical collection focuses on Civil, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering providing basic concepts as well as novel trends in modeling, design and construction of engineering systems, structures, and materials. Special attention is also given to the recent developments and achievements in the framework of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
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  • 32
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    Cybersecurity and Data Science (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569062 , 9783036569079
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: The reprint focuses on the latest research in cybersecurity and data science. Digital transformation turns data into the new oil, so the increasing availability of big data, structured and unstructured datasets, raises new challenges in cybersecurity, efficient data processing and knowledge extraction. The field of cybersecurity and data science fuels the data-driven economy. Innovations in this field require strong foundations in mathematics, statistics, machine learning and information security. The unprecedented increase in the availability of data in many fields of science and technology (e.g., genomic data, data from industrial environments, network traffic, streaming media, sensory data of smart cities, and social network data) ask for new methods and solutions for data processing, information extraction and decision support. This stimulates the development of new methods of data analysis, including those adapted to the analysis of new data structures and the growing volume of data. The papers included in this reprint discuss various topics ranging from cyberattacks, steganography, anomaly detection, evaluation of the attacker skills, modelling of the threats, and wireless security evaluation, as well as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Given this diversity of topics the book represents a valuable reference for researchers in cybersecurity security and data science
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  • 33
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    Addressing New Therapeutic Strategies Using Models (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570839 , 9783036570822
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: A disease model displays pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases. The models are fundamental tools in biomedical research, and they are invaluable for providing new insights into mechanisms underlying organ function, establishing the pathophysiology of a disease, and testing potential therapeutic approaches.Models have been long used to study several diseases, including cardiovascular, oncologic, metabolic, infectious, and neurological diseases, among others. Animals or cells displaying pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases have been used as models. Moreover, mathematical models are also of great importance to disease modeling. Animal models offer the unique opportunity to investigate the function of genes and pathways and the in vivo effects of drugs, bridging the gap between basic science and the treatment of diseases. The selection of a suitable model system is a crucial step in research design. For disease modeling to be meaningful, a relevant cellular or genetic phenotype must be observed. Without the use of models, both research and clinical practice worldwide would be vastly different today.This Special Issue aimed to publish original research works or reviews with models of disease, highlighting their importance to search for new therapeutic strategies
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  • 34
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    Prostate Cancer (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570853 , 9783036570846
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: The prostate is the largest accessory gland of the male reproductive tract. Together with seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands, the prostate is responsible for the production of an alkaline fluid that forms part of the seminal fluid. The prostates of men over 40 years of age are commonly affected by several pathologies, such as benign prostate hyperplasia and cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among men population worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in the year 2018, prostate cancer affected approximately 1.28 million men and was responsible for the death of 358,989 of them. Prostate cancer development is associated with several risk factors, such as older age, black ethnicity, a family history of disease, an increased body mass index and obesity. In this way, the risk of prostate cancer development may be reduced through the consumption of a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables, practice of physical exercise and maintenance of a healthy weight.Despite several approaches being available for prostate cancer treatment, the number of prostate cancer deaths is continuously increasing, which emphasizes the need to search for new methods for precocious diagnosis and more effective treatment. Animal models, including rodents, have greatly contributed to the study of biopathology and the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.This Special Issue presents original research works, case reports and reviews concerning the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of prostate cancer, highlighting new advances in this field
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  • 35
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    New Approaches to Qur'anic Hermeneutics in the Muslim World (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036567068 , 9783036567075
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Religion & beliefs
    Kurzfassung: This reprint, titled “New approaches to Qur’anic hermeneutics in the Muslim world”, discusses the approaches that play significant roles in modern Qur’anic interpretation in the Islamic world. The eleven articles in this reprint demonstrate the richness of resources in Qur'anic hermeneutics in the Muslim World. The authors from different backgrounds and regions have made a great contribution to Qur’anic studies and hermeneutics in the modern period. The following topics are covered throughout the reprint: Decolonizing Qurʾanic Studies, contextualist approach in the modern period and its theoretical origins in the classical Islamic scholarship, Qur’an hermeneutics and historicism (or contextualism in western context) in contemporary Turkey, transempirical exegesis in Said Nursi’s Risale-i Nur Collection, Fādil al-Samarrā’ī’s (b. 1933) contribution to literary and rhetorical Qur’anic exegesis, Shia scholar Ayatollah Yusuf Sanei’s (d.2020) broader jurisprudential approach, Comparative Theology and comparative readings (isrā’īliyyāt and direct Bible citations) in Qur’anic exegesis with special reference to the narrative of Prophet Yaḥyā (John the Baptist) in the Qur’an and the Bible, critique of the concept of naskh (abrogation) in contemporary Qur’ānic hermeneutics (Naṣr Ḥāmid Abū Zayd’s critique), thematic interpretation (tafsīr mawḍū‘ī) in Indonesia in the 2000s, inclusive Islamic interpretations in the light of rationalistic Maturidite theology, and violence and jihad in Islam: From the war of words to the clashes of definitions
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  • 36
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    Sea, River, Lake Ice Properties and Their Applications in Practices (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570815 , 9783036570808
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint covers topics on geographical scale of glacier and lake ice variations, as well as the engineering scale of ice properties and their practical applications via laboratory tests and numerical modeling
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  • 37
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    The November 23rd, 1980 Irpinia-Lucania, Southern Italy Earthquake: Insights and Reviews 40 Years Later (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036568164 , 9783036568171
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (330 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
    Kurzfassung: This reprint "The November 23rd, 1980 Irpinia-Lucania, Southern Italy Earthquake: Insights and Reviews 40 Years Later” presents a collection of 13 scientific contributions proposed by 44 researchers with different expertise and multidisciplinary approach highlighting the most important aspects of the Irpinia-Lucania earthquake (Ms 6.9, Io X MCS) from a seismological and geological point of view, without neglecting the reconstruction of cultural heritage, the resilience of the population, and the socioeconomic development of the internal areas of the Southern Apennines after the earthquake. The 1980 earthquake struck Irpinia-Lucania region (Southern Italy) and it is remembered in Italy not only for being the strongest earthquake recorded in the last 100 years causing devastation of entire regions and severe loss of human life, but also for the destruction of the cultural heritage in the epicentral area. This volume, far from being exhaustive, nevertheless wants to be an important point of reference for the new generations of researchers who will have both a historical and multidisciplinary approach to the knowledge of this earthquake
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  • 38
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    Advances in Neuroimaging Data Processing (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569987 , 9783036569994
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Kurzfassung: The development of in vivo neuroimaging techniques has yielded an incredible amount of digital information about the brain. Neuroimaging techniques are increasingly being used to study human cognitive processes, create brain–machine interfaces, and also to identify and diagnose certain brain disorders. Currently, neuroscientists and medics actively use different methods for brain scans, including electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), electrocorticography (ECoG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Recent advances in signal processing and machine learning for neuroimaging data using various signal processing methods have made impressive progress in solving a number of practical tasks in medicine, healthcare, neuroscience, biomedical engineering, brain–machine interfaces, and cognitive science, to name but a few. This Special Issue aims to provide a forum for academic and industrial communities to present and discuss the latest theoretical and experimental results related to recent advances in neuroimaging data processing in terms of new theories, algorithms, architectures, and applications
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  • 39
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    Frontiers of Semiconductor Lasers (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569406 , 9783036569413
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Kurzfassung: Semiconductor lasers are carriers of both energy for industry and information for optical communications. The recent progress in research on semiconductor lasers has offered new perspectives regarding both their material growth and structural design. Most of the papers are review papers that briefly overview different types of semiconductors. Some of the papers include the newest research results. We all hope that this Special Issue can shed light on recent advances in the field of semiconductor lasers and their applications so that most of the readers’ concerns about semiconductor lasers can be addressed and a conversation can be initiated
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  • 40
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    Angiogenesis in Cancers (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569161 , 9783036569178
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Oncology
    Kurzfassung: Tumor progression is linked to a switch in the balance between positive and negative regulators, and mainly depends on the release by inflammatory or neoplastic cells of specific growth factors. Inflammatory infiltration contributes to tumor progression and metastatic process, and there are many reports of associations between tumor inflammatory infiltration, progression and prognosis. New therapeutic approaches have been developed with the aim to control tumor progression through the targeting of different components of the tumor microenvironment. This reprint will be useful for anyone who wants to learn about cancer: professors and students at universities, scientists at research institutes, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical labs, and lawyers trying to understand the patent literature
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  • 41
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    Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570792 , 9783036570785
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Kurzfassung: Let us introduce this new reprint published by MDPI. This volume is the second part of a previous one devoted to Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials, published by MDPI in 2021. As expected, these unique ten contributions fully agree with the definition of hybrid material as per the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) recommendations, defining hybrid materials as the composed of an intimate mixture of inorganic or both types of components interpenetrating scales of less than one micron. Therefore, the reader may deduce that this definition offers many approximations to investigate in the field. Orrganic-inorganic materials are multi-component systems with at least one of their organic (the polymer) or inorganic components in the nano-metric size domain, which confers the material as a whole greatly enhanced properties respecting the constitutive parts in isolation. The works compiled in this volume are at the forefront of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid material research. So, these ten new articles would provide information and inspiration for future applications in this fantastic and fascinating scientific field
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  • 42
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    Sustainable Education and Social Networks (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570297 , 9783036570280
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Education
    Kurzfassung: Sustainable education and social networks are two important concepts that are closely related. The combination of sustainable education and social networks can be powerful in promoting positive change and creating a more sustainable future. Here are some ways in which these two concepts can be integrated:1. Online learning.2. Awareness raising.3. Collaboration.4. Engagement.5. Sharing of best practices.In conclusion, the integration of sustainable education and social networks has the potential to promote positive change and create a more sustainable future by making education more accessible, engaging, and impactful
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  • 43
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    Smart Polymer Hydrogels: Synthesis, Properties and Applications – Volume I (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569772 , 9783036569765
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive collection of works on recent advances and developments in smart polymer hydrogels applied to the biomedical and nanotechnological fields. The research topic covers all hydrogels, including polymer hydrogels, supramolecular gels, hybrid hydrogels, metallohydrogels, etc.Stimulus-responsive polymer hydrogels have attracted considerable interest as promising smart materials due to their tremendous potential in biomedical and nanotechnological applications. They can respond to different chemical and physical external stimuli, including pH, temperature, light, enzyme activity, redox agents, the electric or magnetic field, and chemicals. Compared to single stimulus-responsive polymer hydrogels, multiple-responsive hydrogels exhibit higher flexibility and tunability to realize multiplefunctionality in a synergistic manner. The structural and phase transition of polymer hydrogels triggered by external stimuli offers enormous potential for drug delivery, tumor therapy, tissue engineering, and biodevices
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  • 44
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    Feature Papers in Communications Section 2022 (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036571201 , 9783036571218
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (562 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint collected a set of papers where our section Editorial Board Members discuss key topics that typify the very best insightful and influential original articles or reviews in the “Communications” field. We expect these papers to be widely read and highly influential within the field
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    Novel Hybrid Intelligence Techniques in Engineering (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036571065 , 9783036571072
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (456 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: The focus of this reprint is the development of novel intelligence techniques for solving various problems in engineering. These techniques, due to their ability to create complex relationships between dependent and independent variables, can be implemented in a faster and more reliable way. Such techniques utilise algorithms/approaches such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, evolutionary theory, learning theory, and probabilistic theory, making them a suitable and useful fit for real-life complex problems. This reprint introduces the process of selecting, applying, and developing such techniques in different engineering designs and applications. In addition, the validation process of intelligence systems as an alternative is discussed in this reprint. Overall, this reprint forms an excellent introduction to these systems for engineers who are not familiar with them
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  • 46
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    Model-Informed Precision Dosing (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036568966 , 9783036568973
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Kurzfassung: Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) is an advanced quantitative approach focusing on individualized treatment optimization. MIPD integrates mathematical models of drugs and diseases combined with individual patient characteristics (e.g., genotype, anthropometric factors, and organ function). MIPD has been highlighted as a useful tool for drug dosage selection in both the drug development process and clinical practice and it is a rapidly growing discipline that is supported by the main drug regulatory agencies. Despite the potential benefits of this methodology toward personalized medicine, its application is still limited. The Special Issue presented here includes several PKPD and PBPK models focused on improving the current state of art regarding the PK behaviour of different drugs with the aim of improving the efficacy/safety balance of these treatments and their clinical outcome; the Special Issue is intended to be of particular interest for clinical pharmacologists, pharmacometricians, and specific clinicians who routinely use the considered drugs
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    COVID-19: Current Status and Future Prospects (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036567402 , 9783036567419
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (354 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Kurzfassung: On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue “COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives” and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic
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    Kinetic Theory-Based Methods in Fluid Dynamics (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569147 , 9783036569154
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Physics
    Kurzfassung: Kinetic theory stems from statistical mechanics established at the mesoscopic scale. The numerical methods established on kinetic theory perform unique and important roles in almost all studies of fluid dynamics. This reprint reports the recent advances in this vibrant community. The development of kinetic theory-related numerical schemes and their applications to fluid dynamics problems are the main focus
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  • 49
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    Recent Topics in Economic Research – Feature Papers for Cerebrating the 10th Anniversary of Economies (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036568928 , 9783036568935
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (386 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Development economics & emerging economies
    Kurzfassung: In 2023, Economies celebrates its 10th anniversary. Thanks to the incredible support from all of you, the journal has developed into a well-respected academic journal. Economies has been included in several journal rankings, has a decent and growing number of submissions by well-known experts, and obtains very satisfactory citation scores given its young age. We acknowledge these achievements with a dedicated Special Issue. Therefore, researchers from all areas of economic research have been invited to submit their contributions to this Special Issue. The Special Issue is titled “Recent Topics in Economic Research” and covers a broad range of topics that are currently at the forefront of economics research and that are within Economies' scope. This includes original research papers as well as comprehensive review papers on topics of actual importance in economics
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  • 50
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    Special Functions with Applications to Mathematical Physics (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569901 , 9783036569918
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (438 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Kurzfassung: This MDPI booklet lists the articles published in three Special Issues of the journal Mathematics devoted to special functions with applications in mathematical physics in the years 2020–2021.The call for papers considered theories and applications of high transcendental functions, including topics found mainly in the list of keywords:- Mittag-Leffler and related functions, and their applications in mathematical physics;- Wright and related functions and their applications in mathematical physics;- exponential integrals and their extensions with applications in mathematical physics;- generalized hypergeometric functions and their extensions with applicationsHowever, the Special Issues were not limited to the above list, for example, when the content of a paper was clearly related to some high transcendental functions and their applications.Special attention was reserved for distinct functions exhibiting some relevance in the framework of the theories and applications of the fractional calculus and in their visualization through illuminating plots.Both research and survey articles were included in this booklet, according to the content list
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    Advances in Nanomaterials for Photovoltaic Applications (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570501 , 9783036570518
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This reprint includes contributions focusing on theoretical and experimental studies that report on the innovative processing and characterization of materials and nanostructured materials engineered for photovoltaic applications. In particular, the reprint presents a collection of twelve high-quality articles, among which are two comprehensive reviews, one communication letter and nine original research papers. These articles exhaustively cover state-of-the-art aspects of the four essential constitutive building-blocks of a photovoltaic element: the main absorber component, the “window” layer, the electron- and hole-transporter media, as well as the back- and top-electrodes of the solar cell
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  • 52
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    Spicy and Aromatic Plants (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569826 , 9783036569833
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: This reprint aims to provide a wide range of viable alternative designs that utilize valuable compounds from spicy and aromatic plants. Spices and aromatic plants have been used for thousands of years to flavor food, but they can also be used for healing purposes. Until a few decades ago, however, this was performed with little knowledge of their actual properties. The attitude toward these plants has changed, and the need for knowledge has increased. The studies are oriented towards an in-depth analysis of the valuable compounds in these plants in order to be used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries
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    Advanced Polymer Nanocomposites II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569215 , 9783036569208
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue reprint, “Advanced Polymer Nanocomposites II”, addresses high-quality original and review papers, focused on the scientific discussion and practical application in the field of functional polymer nanocomposites, including: (a) optoelectronic materials (papers 1-9); (b) biomedical materials (papers 10-14); and (c) other functional polymer nanocomposites (papers 15-23). We hope that this Special Issue reprint can promote academic research exchanges and identify and respond to tremendous challenges of research in this burgeoning field
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    A Commemorative Issue in Honor of Centennial of the Discovery of Vitamin D-The Central Role of Vitamin D in Physiology (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569185 , 9783036569192
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (414 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Physiology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is about vitamin D, a molecule that can be absorbed from certain foods, such as fatty fish, which can also be produced endogenously when we expose our skin to sufficient doses of ultraviolet B radiation. When vitamin D is metabolized into 1,25(OH)2D3 (also called calcitriol), it acts as a high-affinity ligand for the transcription factor VDR, i.e., it has direct effects on gene regulation. The key physiological functions of vitamin D are the regulation of calcium homeostasis, which is essential for bone mineralization, and the modulation of the immune system by stimulating innate immunity and preventing overreactions of adaptive immunity. This reprint presents recent developments and the latest research in the fascinating broad range of today’s vitamin D biology, from evolution to systems biology
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    Recent Advances in Educational Robotics (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570525 , 9783036570532
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Education
    Kurzfassung: Over the past decade, the field of robotics has become increasingly popular among educators and researchers alike as a powerful tool for enhancing learning experiences. From preschool to high school students, educational robotics has shown the potential to improve cognitive and social skills, while facilitating interdisciplinary learning activities in various subjects such as science, mathematics, technology, and computer science. This reprint explores the emerging field of educational robotics, focusing on its creation, implementation, improvement, and validation of pedagogical activities, tools, and technologies. Our goal is to provide an overview of the latest research, trends, and best practices in the field, particularly emphasizing how educational robotics can enhance students' learning experiences in an engaging and interactive environment. Moreover, drawing on a literature review, this book explores the growing field of educational robotics and its potential to revolutionize science and technology education at all levels. Through hands-on, fun activities and an attractive learning environment, educational robotics can spark students' interest and curiosity, making learning a more enjoyable and rewarding experience. We hope this reprint will serve as a valuable resource for educators, researchers, and students alike, inspiring them to explore the exciting world of educational robotics and its potential to transform how we teach and learn
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  • 56
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    Oscillator-Amplifier Free Electron Lasers an Outlook to Their Feasibility and Performances (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036558073 , 9783036558080
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is aimed at presenting strategic and design elements for the development of low-cost, low-size Free Electron Lasers. Different points of view are considered here, attempting to consider technologies and design conceptions that are fairly mature and may be viable solutions in the near or midterm future. The design conceptions proposed here are based on the so-called hybrid (or broader-approach) technologies, which put together, e.g., combinations of oscillator and amplifier configurations. These solutions, although developed almost thirty years ago, appear nowadays within the present technological capabilities. Other possibilities offered, for example , by the recirculated wave undulator FELs, represent border line technologies, which are worth carefully studying as the architecture of the mid-term future. Finally, the reprint addresses both theoretical and design considerations regarding proposals for the enhancement of coherent emission on higher harmonics
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    Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Strategies (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569635 , 9783036569628
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: Herein we describe some molecular aspects of the recent anti-COVID-19 research, including some approaches making use of natural remedies, especially from medicinal plants, in silico methods, and different experimental procedures that led to the discovery of novel targets of SARS-CoV-2 and consequently novel potential COVID-19 therapeutics. COVID-19 vaccines also find mention in this book with also a description of some adverse effects reported in some cases. Considering that the different beta coronaviruses present certain conserved biomolecular mechanisms and, thus, some common therapeutic targets, finding effective therapies for a specific member of their family (such as SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV) even in a scenario of a reduced impact at the time of the related disease on humankind is still relevant as it could offer or inspire efficacious therapeutic strategies not only in the context of novel pathogenic mutations of the already known beta coronaviruses, but also when future zoonoses caused by other beta coronaviruses will emergence, which is not unlikely to occur in the current world where the interactions between humans and wildlife are made more and more frequent due to the growing loss of intact ecosystems worldwide
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    Development and Optimization of Mathematical Models for Operations Research (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036568904 , 9783036568911
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Kurzfassung: The development of mathematical models and their optimization are fundamental for the effective resolution of many problems in operational research. In recent years, increased insights into real-world problems have led to the development of new mathematical models and optimization algorithms, contributing to the development of a research area with increasing practical relevance. This Special Issue is dedicated to works at the interface of mathematical modeling, optimization, and operations research, with a special focus on their real-world applications. The interest of the scientific community was significant, with submissions from authors from different countries from five continents, including Australia, China, Egypt, India, Israel, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and the United States of America. Ten papers were accepted for publication after thorough peer review by dedicated reviewers with expertise in the relevant fields. We are confident that the papers selected for this Special Issue will attract a significant audience in the scientific community and will further stimulate research involving the development of mathematical models and their optimization
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    Parasites and Wildlife (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036568522 , 9783036568539
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Epidemiology & medical statistics
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on field studies aimed at unraveling the complex networks created by interactions between parasites and hosts in a given ecosystem. Since most transboundary diseases have been propagated from the wilderness to anthropized areas, societies are increasingly concerned about the relevance of wildlife as it pertains to global health. In this respect, research on parasites that may affect the biology and population equilibrium of wildlife is of major interest, especially when a One Health perspective is considered. The studies compiled in the present Special Issue fall within several areas of interest, such as epidemiology, diagnosis, emerging zoonoses, food safety, conservation issues, parasite–host interactions, and the pathology of infections caused by parasites in wild host species
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  • 60
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    Worldwide Evaluations of Quinoa—Biodiversity and Food Security under Climate Change Pressures (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570433 , 9783036570426
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (592 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: This volume collates the main recent developments from studies on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) worldwide. The most important studies focused on the study of the main agronomic practices, ecophysiological traits, genetics, and post-harvest aspects of quinoa. The result of the most recent pieces of research carried out by scientists from international universities and research centers are included
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    Bioproducts for Health II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569932 , 9783036569925
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: In order to build a promising future, health and sustainability must be interelated. Marine, forestry, agriculture, and food systems are important sources of bioproducts used in health applications. To explore the potential of such sources for the development of natural products capable of biological activities, it is necessary to develop new technologically sustainable strategies. Despite the range of natural compounds already available, there is a need to identify bioactive molecules (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins and peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols) from different natural sources with positive health properties, including antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antimicrobial, anti-atherosclerotic, antioxidant, antithrombotic, immune-modulatory, relaxing, and satiety-inducing effects. The Second Edition of this Special Issue aimed to identify and gather works on the latest varied sources of bioproducts, the biological and functional activities of these bioactive compounds, their mechanisms of action, and the methods used for extraction and purification, without losing our focus on alignment with the concept of green technology
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    Advances in Marine Engineering: Geological Environment and Hazards (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570563 , 9783036570570
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: With the continuous advancement of coastal, offshore, and deep-sea engineering construction (e.g. marine oil, gas, and mineral resource development, offshore wind power projects), associated studies on marine geological environments and hazards have also advanced in parallel. This reprint“Advances in Marine Engineering: Geological Environment and Hazards” is formed by a Special Issue (SI) that was organized by Prof. Xiaolei Liu from the Ocean University of China, Prof. Thorsten Stoesser from the University College London, and Dr. Xingsen Guo from the University College London to document research advances in the topics of marine engineering, including marine geological environments, marine geological hazards, marine engineering geology, marine hydrodynamics, marine fluid mechanics, and marine geotechnical engineering. The high-quality papers collected in this book involve many classic and innovative methodologies in this research field, including but not limited to analytical and statistical analyses, numerical simulations, laboratory testing, and marine surveys. The book represents the state-of-the-art in the latest research concepts, advanced methods, and data that will contribute greatly to the development of the field of marine geological environments and hazards
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    Language Practices in English Classrooms (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036559674 , 9783036559681
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Education
    Kurzfassung: Sundqvist, Sandlund, Källkvist, and Gyllstad have edited a timely reprint that will help to guide the future of English language teaching and learning. This comprehensive and lucidly written volume brings together research on English classroom practices from all levels across the globe with the aim of enhancing our understanding of current developments. All chapters are theoretically informed, as the reprint is both practical in its style and orientation, and pedagogically astute in the recommendations offered. This volume is a welcome resource for teachers, student teachers, teacher educators and researchers around the world
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    Computational Fluid Mechanics (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036571713 , 9783036571706
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint collected the cutting-edge developments of CFD in the area of marine science and technology. CFD methods including novel numerical algorithms, advanced treatments of solving procedures, parallel acceleration techniques, and the utilization of CFD for fluid–structure interaction, wave modeling, ship dynamics, etc., are included. The audience of this reprint can be researchers and engineers in the area of marine science and technology
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    Advances in Bone Graft Materials (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570228 , 9783036570235
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Physics
    Kurzfassung: This reprint considers studies related to the bone graft materials used for bone regeneration in dental and medical areas, and particularly studies on new development and development directions, such as synthetic bone and heterologous bone. Bone regeneration is one of the most important challenges in medicine. Previously, patients' autologous bones were collected and transplanted for bone regeneration, but this had many limitations. Many researchers are currently developing a method that surpasses the bone regeneration ability of an autologous bone, via the use of artificial bone or heterologous bone. By developing and commercializing more functional, more efficient graft materials, both medical standards and patients’ quality of life will be improved. This reprint reflects some of the related studies, but its greatest contribution to the field is its suggestions for future research and possible developments in this area
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    Multi-Functional Collagen-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570730 , 9783036570723
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Polymeric biomaterials represent an essential tool in the biomedical field. Their high biocompatibility and ability to provide adequate regenerative support are fundamental for the development of new therapeutic devices. In particular, biomaterials derived from living organisms can exhibit not only structural roles but also several non-structural functions implicated in cellular growth, migration, and differentiation. Among them, type I collagen, a ubiquitous structural protein present in the mammalian body, plays a dominant role in maintaining the biological and structural integrity of various tissues. In recent years, with the goal of developing multi-functional collagen-based devices able to better promote the functional recovery of damaged tissues, numerous studies have focused on novel techniques and methods for the development and characterization of innovative and advanced high-performance formulations. The ability to control, modify, and tune collagen-based biomaterials performance by optimizing their architecture, besides modifying their chemistry, blending with other materials/therapeutics, or developing stimuli-responsive formulations, is an extremely important knowledge to acquire when specific multi-functionalities are sought.The present Special Issue collected 12 peer-reviewed interdisciplinary contributions on the broad topic of multi-functional collagen-based biomaterials
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    State-of-the-Art in Orthodontics and Gnathology (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569369 , 9783036569376
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this reprint is to present the main evidence-based data on new developments and knowledge in diagnostic and treatment technologies in the orofacial field used in both children and adults. The published content has been met with great success in interdisciplinary fields, stimulating international authors to submit their original articles, reviews, or case reports based on various aspects of orthodontics as well as on the diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain. Among the current highly debated topics, this reprint focuses on multiple disciplines as follows: gingival recessions and periodontal status after orthodontic treatment; a rare case of impacted central incisors; predictors of analgesic consumption in orthodontic patients; a systematic review about different dentoskeletal class III treatment approaches; evaluation of upper airway volumes; and cephalometric values in JIA patients
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  • 68
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    Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Medicine and Public Health (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036563428 , 9783036563435
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Animals & society
    Kurzfassung: Antimicrobial resistance is the intrinsic capability of microorganisms to survive unfavorable conditions; such traits are mainly transferrable through movable genetic elements, enabling the rapid and homogeneous diffusion of resistance genes over diverse ecosystems and sectors including human medicine, veterinary medicine, and the environment. In this view, the One Health approach allows for a comprehensive depiction of the mechanisms responsible for the onset and spread of antimicrobial resistance traits, as well as enabling a clear definition of the dynamics that occurs among microbial members harboring diverse ecological niches that favor the orthogonal diffusion of antibiotic resistance between apparently separate milieus
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  • 69
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    25th Anniversary of Molecules—Recent Advances in Analytical Chemistry (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569451 , 9783036569444
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Analytical chemistry
    Kurzfassung: This reprint gathers 16 contributions (13 research articles and 3 reviews) covering different areas of analytical chemistry. Many of these contributions deal with the development and application in real matrices of chromatographic methods interfaced with mass spectrometry, but also spectroscopic, electrochemical, and separation methods are also proposed
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    Molecular World Today and Tomorrow: Recent Trends in Biological Sciences (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569970 , 9783036569963
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences
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  • 71
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    Microfluidics for Biomedical Applications (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036571263 , 9783036571270
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: This reprint focuses on the most recent technical innovations and developments in the area of microfluidics, particularly in relation to their biomedical applications. The advent of microfluidics has provided important insights into the fields of biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Special attention is given to the isolation and detection of circulating tumor cells and exosomes, the generation of concentration dilutions, the rapid sensing and detection of single molecules and viruses, and the innovations in inertial microfluidics, electrical impedance, magnetic biosensors, and droplet microfluidics
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  • 72
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    Recent Development in Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036567624 , 9783036567631
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering
    Kurzfassung: Heusler type magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) have gained a strong academic and practical importance during recent decades due to the giant effects they exhibit, particularly magnetostrain produced by magnetic field-induced twin boundaries motion and magneto(elasto)-caloric effects resulting from the magnetic field-induced martensitic transformation. This Special Issue intends to communicate the latest advances in R&D and theory of MSMAs. This book consists of a collection of eleven invited peer-reviewed papers, each detailing a particular aspect in the fundamental and/or applied investigation of MSMAs and related phenomena. The papers are a corpus of up-to-date information on the ongoing studies of MSMAs. It is hoped that this reprint will be useful to physicists and materials scientists, both specialists and graduate students, and enable future technological breakthroughs in engineering
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  • 73
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    Silkworm and Silk: Traditional and Innovative Applications (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036568584 , 9783036568591
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (378 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Kurzfassung: Papers collected in the present Special Issue relate to the field of sericulture. They cover different aspects based on a very ancient human agricultural activity, taking into consideration classical agronomic aspects, such as the impact of feeding on silk quality and sericulture in different parts of the world. Nonetheless, cutting edge topics are addressed as well, with papers studying silk as a biomaterial, the silkworm as a model organism, and the possibility of exploring its physiology and the molecular mechanisms that stand behind it with the aid of modern tools such as gene profiling, the CRISPR/Cas-9 system, and -omics sciences
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  • 74
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    Plant Tissue Culture and Secondary Metabolites Production (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036567860 , 9783036567877
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue aims to bring together the various aspects of plant cell tissue and organ culture with a special emphasis on the production of phytochemical compounds, considered therapeutically valuable for their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Secondary metabolites play a key role in the diverse defense mechanisms of the plant organism in response to environmental stimuli, such as climatic fluctuations, pathogenic organisms, predatory herbivores, and competing plants. Therefore, by providing the opportunity for controlled modifications of environmental conditions, in vitro culture is an easy-to-manage experimental system that can be utilized as a source of secondary metabolites for industrial applications, as well as for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes. This Special Issue will highlight the modern use of different plant cell tissue and organ culture approaches for successfully producing plant secondary metabolites, particularly those with high economic value
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  • 75
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    Association of Physical Fitness and Motor Competence with Health and Well-Being in Children and Adolescents (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570495 , 9783036570488
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Lifestyle, sport & leisure
    Kurzfassung: Available research has indicated a decline in physical fitness and motor competence over the last several decades. Movement restrictions and policies that have emphasized social distancing, due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, may have further increased the prevalence of youth with insufficient physical fitness and motor competence. As physical fitness and motor competence are critical contributors to an active and healthy lifestyle, it is important to re-emphasize their role in the general health and development of children and adolescents and, accordingly, future public health. Particularly with the re-opening of schools, sports clubs and public parks, the promotion of activities that enhance physical fitness and motor competence in children and adolescents is warranted. This reprint highlights the importance of physical fitness and motor competence for the health and well-being of children and adolescents, by providing an interdisciplinary platform for research addressing this topic
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  • 76
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    Advanced Structural Concrete Materials in Bridges (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036560588 , 9783036560571
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (270 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Many existing and newly constructed bridges are composed of reinforced and prestressed concrete. Advanced concrete materials play an increasingly important role in concrete bridges to facilitate the strengthening and repair of existing bridges, to facilitate a (fast) replacement solution for (part of) an existing bridge, and for the design of new challenging bridge projects. The development of advanced concrete materials and their structural applications is thus an important topic in the built environment.This reprint brings together research and practical applications from the perspective of material scientists and bridge engineers for applications to new and existing bridges
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  • 77
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    On the Applications of EMG Sensors and Signals (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036559896 , 9783036559902
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (366 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint captures the latest advances in Electromyography (EMG) sensor development, EMG sensor applications, and EMG signal conditioning using theoretical and experimental approaches. This report is timely, as EMG sensors and signals have applications in many domains. This reprint provides a snapshot of several exciting EMG sensor and signal applications: swallowing, motion detection and prostheses control, muscle synergies, robotic exoskeleton, driver’s behaviour, signal conditioning, and muscle assessment
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  • 78
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    Micro-Electro Discharge Machining: Principles, Recent Advancements and Applications, Volume II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569871 , 9783036569864
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The second volume of the Special Issue on “Micro-Electro Discharge Machining: Principles, Recent Advancements and Applications” confirms the growing interest in the micro-EDM technology as a suitable and efficient technology for machining novel, multilateral components, with demanding requirements in terms of precision, accuracy, and productivity.This volume consists of 10 original research papers which involve several approaches to micro-EDM and cover the enhancement of the process performance, such as the material removal rate, surface roughness, or machining accuracy, using advanced optimization methods. Some studies also consider several dielectric fluid additives and investigate the processability of new materials. Others investigate the combination of Reverse-micro-EDM with laser beam micromachining or explore new applications for the micro-EDM for fabricating antimicrobial nanosilver colloid
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    Advances in Cellulose-Based Hydrogels (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036571119 , 9783036571102
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Physics
    Kurzfassung: This volume collects the recent progress in cellulose-based hydrogels, including gels prepared from natural cellulose and its derivatives, cellulose graft co-polymers, and composite gels based on cellulose, covering key aspects of cellulose-based hydrogels, including design, characterization, as well as application-focused research
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  • 80
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    Sustainability in Air Transport and Multimodality (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036571027 , 9783036571034
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint addresses fundamental research about the integration of transport modes into unique mobility infrastructure and services, allowing for multimodal choices for passengers in their journey and increasing the sustainability of mobility. The reprint has important relevancy given the increasing attention devoted to sustainability aspects in aviation and the emerging need to achieve multimodality in transportation, by integrating the vertical dimension with the horizontal one, particularly in urban and peri-urban environments. New technologies and concepts are considered for implementing seamless door-to-door travel, which requires the implementation of fully integrated intermodal transport systems, allowing for passengers to have easy and seamless transfer between different transport modes, where Air Traffic Management (ATM) and air transport can play a fundamental role. The new paradigm in transport is of shifting from the optimization of the individual transport segments to the optimization of the overall journey, including all the possible transportation means that allow for achieving, in combination and with multimodal possible choice, a unique seamless door-to-door journey. Through this new paradigm, it will be possible to increase the efficiency of the overall transport chain by improving the interoperability of the different modes of transport, while simultaneously increasing environmental, social, and economic sustainability, prompting a more efficient use of existing and future infrastructure
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  • 81
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    Tryptophan in Nutrition and Health (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570778 , 9783036570761
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Kurzfassung: Tryptophan is a rate-limiting essential amino acid and a unique building block of peptides and proteins. This largest amino acid serves as the precursor for the important endogenous indoleamines serotonin, N-acetylserotonin, and melatonin that act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and neurohormones. Kynurenic acid is the most potent endogenous antiexitotoxic agent. Other highly relevant pathways of tryptophan are the reversible transamination to indole-3-pyruvate with formation related indolic acids that act as potent antioxidant agents. Tryptophan metabolites, such as melatonin, and structurally related agents, such as indole-3-propionic acid, act as potent catalytic antioxidants and bioenergetic agents that facilitate regeneration and protection against stress and aging. Several indole compounds act as uremic toxins since these agents can induce radical formation that is associated with enhanced oxidative stress and damage. The exploration of the effects of these protective and toxic tryptophan derived agents has revealed important molecular mechanisms and mediators of adaptation and aging. Research on tryptophan in nutrition and health can facilitate the development of new approaches to extend human health and life span. Amino acids are the building blocks of life that enable repair, as well as recycling and regeneration. Research on nutrients like amino acids, such as tryptophan and its metabolites, as well as peptides and proteins, or extracts containing this molecular metabolism modifiers can improve health. Research into the indololome is a new emerging and rapidly growing field of utmost relevance to science and society
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    Inequalities in Health and Healthcare (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569789 , 9783036569796
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Social interaction
    Kurzfassung: Tackling inequalities in health and healthcare is more important than ever. The COVID-19 pandemic starkly illustrated the disproportional impact of the virus on those who already faced disadvantage and discrimination. Moreover, there is evidence that the public health measures taken to contain the virus are likely to have longstanding differential impacts across populations. Numerous studies have documented avoidable differences in health, within and between populations. Similarly, studies have consistently shown inequalities in access, use, experience and outcomes from healthcare and public health programmes. The focus has often been on individual determinants, such as gender, age and ethnicity. Less attention has been paid to structural or contextual determinants, except for area-level socioeconomic conditions. In addition, to tackle inequalities, there is a need to move beyond measuring; to understand why inequalities arise and how they can be addressed. This Special Issue sought to extend the parameters of inequalities research in health and healthcare beyond measuring and documenting inequalities. Reviews, observational studies, and quasi-experimental and other evaluation designs (using quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods), focusing on the following were welcomed: • understanding inequalities across health and care systems; • methodological developments to understand drivers of inequalities; • efforts to reduce inequalities, particularly in evidence-based healthcare or public health policy and practice; • understanding and mitigating the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on inequalities
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    New Insights into Circular Economy and Sustainable Development (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569024 , 9783036569031
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Economics, finance, business & management
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is devoted to fundamental and applied research in the field of implementing the principles of the circular economy in energy transition, and it substantiates the need for its transformation in the context of sustainable development. Of particular interest are promising areas for the use of secondary energy resources in the economy to create closed production cycles. Specific technologies are considered, and their environmental and economic assessments of scenarios for the introduction of low-carbon technologies in the circular economy, the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals through the introduction of a circular economy, and the development of regional cooperation are given. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of using eco-innovations for the national transition to decarbonization in the integrated European energy system, Green intellectual capital as a support for corporate environmental development, a sustainable value chain for the industrial consumption of biocomposites, and various options for programs to reduce CO2 emissions
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    The Fungal Cell Wall Integrity Pathway (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569734 , 9783036569727
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: Adaptation to external changes is necessary for all cells to survive and thrive in diverse environments. Key to these responses are the MAPK-mediated signaling pathways, intracellular communication routes that sense stimuli at the cell surface, and are ubiquitous in all eukaryotic organisms. In the case of fungi, MAPKs mediate essential processes, such as adaptation to environmental stresses, morphology regulation, or developmental processes. First studied in the early nineties in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fungal cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway has proven to be a central MAPK-mediated signaling cascade conserved in the fungal kingdom. Cells need to sense cell wall-perturbing conditions and mount the appropriate salvage response. Understanding this CWI pathway-mediated compensatory mechanism is key for the development of cell wall-targeted antifungal therapies. Moreover, its functional roles go beyond the maintenance of this essential structure, reaching many other physiological aspects that have major implications in development or virulence.In this Special Issue, expert researchers in this relevant subject have contributed with seven reviews and eleven original articles to advance our understanding of the CWI pathway by covering different structural, regulatory, and functional aspects in distinct yeasts and filamentous fungi
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    Multi-Sensor Systems and Data Fusion in Remote Sensing (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036567983 , 9783036567990
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Remote sensing is developing rapidly due to progress in many interconnected fields. It includes the emergence of new sensors, development of sophisticated platforms for those sensors, and advances in signal and data processing. The progress in the fields of radar, optoelectronic, acoustic, magnetic, chemical, and other sensors is stunning. Whereas the mentioned sensors are currently more sensitive and accurate, have improved resolutions, data rates, and dynamical ranges, they still have their limitations. The utilization of multi-sensor systems and joint processing of their signals or data has long been considered an effective solution for reducing the disadvantages and best utilizing their strengths. The emergence of new types of sensors creates an opportunity for scientists and engineers to develop new and more capable integrated multi-sensor systems. It is necessary to mention that the users’ expectations with respect to the size of the observed area or volume, data resolution, accuracy, speed of operation, and functionality of remote sensing systems are still increasing. Extended frequency bands, improved resolutions, and data rates of the new sensors as well as the common use of distributed sensors increase the influx of data in contemporary multi-sensor systems. These facts pose new challenges for the data fusion algorithms that must often employ the newest achievements from the areas of big data mining, statistical estimation, artificial intelligence, etc. This reprint provides a fresh insight into the newest developments in the fields of multi-sensor systems and data fusion
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    Sustainable Processes for the Removing of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036569758 , 9783036569741
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This article collection from the Special Issue "Sustainable Processes for the Removing of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions" attempts to summarize the state-of-the-art of current macro-, micro- and nanotechnologies for water purification, discussing their field of application, especially for heavy-metal ion removal. For instance, it presents the recently available information on utilizing different biomass materials for heavy metals removal, highlighting the increasing use of these materials due to their low cost, regeneration ability, high adsorption efficiency, and small chemical or biological sludge with a possibility of metal recovery
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    Recent Progress of Nanomedicine and Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Treatment (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570419 , 9783036570402
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Kurzfassung: Currently, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is the most complex and challenging disease known to humankind. Due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, as well as the intrinsic limitations of conventional cancer therapies, the effective treatment of cancer remains a great challenge. Novel therapeutic strategies with superior anticancer ability urgently need to be discovered. In recent years, nano-drug delivery systems have been extensively investigated and applied as alternatives to conventional cancer treatments. Cancer nanomedicines aim to achieve the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor site, utilizing strategies such as passive targeting, active targeting and stimuli-triggered drug release, while simultaneously decreasing drug accumulation in normal tissues, which together lead to improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. Currently, several cancer nanomedicines are in regular use, and several others are in various stages of development.This Special Issue will highlight recent progress in the development of novel nanomedicines and targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy
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  • 88
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    Autonomous Vehicles Technological Trends (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570365 , 9783036570372
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The automotive industry has always been synonymous with research and innovation, but nowadays the industry is adding pressure and is establishing the agenda of the researchers from the field. Visions have been provided, and the hardware and the software exist; the only question remaining is: “who is going to deliver”? To answer this question, we encouraged scientists, researchers, industry specialists, and academics to share their vision of autonomous vehicles. What will the platform look like? What kind of hardware and software is most suitable? Who will make the connection between these two interdependent environments (and how), so that in the end the AI will define the process? These are the pressing issues of the current moment, and this Special Issue will help all those interested in the topic to promote their vision and ideas. Since the automotive field does not belong to a classical scientific field but has become an independent self-made scientific branch, all those who felt that they could contribute to this highly dynamic environment were requested to join in promoting their particular research or reviews in this Special Issue coordinated from both academia and the industry
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  • 89
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    Supply Chain 4.0: New Generation of Supply Chain Management (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036567587 , 9783036567594
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Supply Chain 4.0 is designed, planned, managed and optimized using Industry 4.0 technologies. There are many research issues and challenges associated with Supply Chain 4.0, a data rich complex system. The available data can interpret what happened in the past, what is currently happening, what will happen in the future and what are the best actionable decisions. Digitalization, visibility, connectivity and interoperability are integrated in Supply Chain 4.0. The operational, tactical and strategic plans across the supply chain are digitally interlinked and real-time synchronized with a 360-degree view. The win–win partnerships are dynamic and sustainable, with agility, flexibility and responsiveness to uncertain business environments. New models and methods are advocated to implement Supply Chain 4.0 research and development. With the progress and implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies, it is anticipated that there will be more and more breakthroughs in the models and methods of Supply Chain 4.0. This Special Issue will serve as a helpful reference for Supply Chain 4.0 researchers and practitioners
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  • 90
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    Aquaphotomics - Exploring Water Molecular Systems in Nature (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036571188 , 9783036571195
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: This reprint is a compilation of more than 20 scientific publications, both original research papers and review papers, assembled for the Special Issue of Molecules journal, Aquaphotomics; this Special Issue explores water molecular systems in nature, and is the first of its kind organized on this topic. Now available in a reprint, this publication presents cutting-edge research work performed in the area of a young, but rapidly evolving scientific discipline, Aquaphotomics. The reprint includes topics that range from basic water science, material hydration, the water–material interaction and biocompatibility, novel scientific theories about the role of water in cell biology, the possibilities of using Aquaphotomics for monitoring food quality, estimating shelf-life, diagnosing stress in plants, determining diseases in animals and the outcomes of therapies in medicine. The reprint also provides the reader with an opportunity to improve their knowledge in the areas of spectral preprocessing, multivariate analysis and chemometrics, with focus on Aquaphotomics approach. For any reader already working in the field of Aquaphotomics, this will be a highly advantageous publication, in order to ascertain the latest research trends and discoveries; for novices, it offers a window into an exciting new world that is brimming with possibilities
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  • 91
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    Urological Cancer 2022 (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569680 , 9783036569697
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Oncology
    Kurzfassung: In the urological sphere, the number of tumor malignancies caused by cancer is continuously growing in Western countries. Although this is mainly due to the contemporary increase in the life expectancy of people in these geographic areas, many other factors are also contributing to this growth. Urological cancer is a complex and varied disease which affects different organs and mainly affects the male population. In fact, in most statistics, kidney, prostate, and bladder cancer are regularly included in the top-ten list of the most frequent neoplasms in males. The female population, however, has also been increasingly affected by renal and bladder cancer in the last decade. From these facts, it is clear that urological cancer is a problem of major concern in developed societies. This Topic Issue of Cancers intends to shed some light on the complexity of this field and will consider all useful and appropriate contributions from scientists and clinicians in order to improve urological cancer knowledge for patients’ benefit
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  • 92
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    Probiotics and Antimicrobial Effect (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569338 , 9783036569321
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue of the journal Microorganisms highlights recent publications on the importance of the antimicrobial effect of probiotics. Current research is focused on finding novel or next-generation probiotic strains with antimicrobial properties that can efficiently modulate the ecological taxa composition and functionality of the human microbiota in the gut and beyond. Overall, this Special Issue has brought together new studies on the antimicrobial effects of various novel probiotics from the Weissella, Bacillus, Leuconostoc and Levilactobacillus genera, as well as well-known probiotic food supplements. It also highlights successful applications of probiotics for different infectious diseases including rotaviral gastrointestinal infections, wound infections and even COVID-19
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  • 93
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    Analysis of Extreme Hydrometeorological Events (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036549231 , 9783036549248
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Extreme hydrometeorological events, which cause severe impacts in terms of injuries, casualties, and socioeconomic losses, are being reported more and more frequently worldwide. Climate variability and anthropogenic changes amplify the impacts of these events. This reprint showcases studies which address challenges related to monitoring, modeling, forecasting, and assessing the impacts of hydrometeorological hazards. These studies focus on: (i) the description of recent relevant extreme hydrometeorological events, accompanied by analyses of spatiotemporal features and trends; (ii) the estimation and projection of the impacts of climate change and land-use transformations on the occurrence and severity of hydrometeorological extreme events, with associated uncertainties; (iii) the integration of remote sensing data or climate forecasts and models to provide timely warnings or reliable predictions; and (iv) the use of advanced statistical methodologies to characterize extreme hydrometeorological events, among other topics
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  • 94
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    Elastomers: From Theory to Applications (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569307 , 9783036569314
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Kurzfassung: The Special Issue “Elastomers: From Theory to Applications” focuses on the current state of the art of elastomers, both in modern developments of rubber-like compositions and applications and from a theoretical perspective. The series of 13 publications offer the latest results in several specific sub-areas of elastomer research or review selected fields and concepts. Of particular interest are new structures and functionalities incorporated into elastomers, leading to the enhanced properties of crosslinked elastomeric materials for several applications, and/or to a better understanding of the structure‒property relationships and practical behaviour
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  • 95
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    Neurodegenerative Diseases (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570754 , 9783036570747
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Kurzfassung: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of complex diseases characterized by neuronal loss and progressive degeneration of different areas of the nervous system. NDs represent a significant health problem worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate. Although the exact pathogenesis of NDs remains unclear, a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors has been proposed. To date, no effective therapeutics have been developed to slow, halt, or prevent any NDs. Thus, information on the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NDs is strongly sought after. This Special Issue collected papers discussing advances in the field of NDs
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  • 96
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    Electron Scattering from Atoms, Ions and Molecules (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570112 , 9783036570105
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Physics
    Kurzfassung: Electron collision physics covers a broad range of processes in atoms and molecules. Understanding these processes can be achieved via experimental and theoretical investigations that support and challenge each other. The last few decades have been witness to tremendous progress in both the computational and experimental techniques applied to study and model electron-driven processes. Access to modern supercomputer facilities has allowed for the computational modelling of collision processes involving complex atoms and molecules; in turn, this allows for a sophisticated modelling and the diagnostic assessment of various plasmas. Applications of electron collision physics range from fusion, precision measurement and attoclocks to radiation damage and biomedical research. This volume collates diverse applications of collision physics, highlighting the importance and power of theoretical and computational techniques while also presenting new experiments which disclose exciting new developments in collision processes
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  • 97
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    Analytical Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570242 , 9783036570259
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (350 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Analytical chemistry
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue is a collection of research topics on developing analytical and bioanalytical methods for isolation, identification, and determination of substances in biomedical and pharmaceutical matrices. Special attention is given to advancements in sample preparation, separation techniques and novel detection methods of small molecules, peptides, and monoclonal antibodies. The presented analytical methods exhibit several applications, including pharmacokinetic studies, therapeutic drug monitoring, microdialysis, toxicology, disease screening or drug stability study. Two comprehensive review articles were also presented on applying capillary electrophoresis to analyze bioactive compounds in herbal matrices
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  • 98
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    Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569499 , 9783036569482
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: This reprint presents the published papers of a Special Issue titled Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils, of the journal Antioxidants, MDPI. Obviously, essential oils are a point of huge interest, due to them being rich in bioactive substances (with their recognised antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., effects) and are also used extensively in the beauty/cosmetic industry, food products, etc. Considering the global trend of "return to nature", both in eating habits/nutrition, and in the adjuvant therapies (implying essential oils) addressed in the case of numerous diseases, and taking into account the interest of the authors who submitted their papers, the current topic can be considered to be of great interest and with increased and promising potential for future research
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  • 99
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    Abiotic Stresses, Biostimulants and Plant Activity (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569642 , 9783036569659
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: Numerous biotic and abiotic stresses can significantly decrease crop growth and yields. In the context of climate change, stresses will be more frequent in the coming years and will have an even more severe impact on agricultural systems. As a result, crop production could be drastically reduced, with the consequences aggravated by the fact that the world’s growing population will require more food production. Furthermore, among abiotic stresses, the salinity of soils and water for agricultural use, as well as drought, particularly impact crops. For these reasons, sustainable measures need to be implemented to maintain/increase crop production and ensure the resilience of agricultural systems. To this end, biostimulants, materials that can increase crop productivity and the quality profile of end products, are an increasingly popular solution. The primary function of biostimulants is improving nutrient use efficiency, quality traits, and stress tolerance, as well as ensuring the bioavailability of nutrients in the soil or rhizosphere. Therefore, this Special Issue published research on the effects of biostimulants on helping crops to cope with abiotic stresses, focusing on salt and drought stress. In addition, scientific contributions on the use of biostimulants to counteract other abiotic stresses, such as potentially toxic metals and extreme temperatures, are also welcome. New substances with biostimulant action and studies investigating the mechanisms of action of biostimulants and their qualitative, economic, and environmental benefits will also be considered
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  • 100
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    Plant Breeding Supporting the Sustainable Field Crop Production (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570174 , 9783036570167
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue aims to highlight how plant breeding could contribute to strengthening sustainability in field crop production by integrating the application of modern technologies and tools. This Reprint contains eleven articles focusing on the most recent topic of plant breeding
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