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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (8)
  • GBV  (2)
  • Sen, Kunal  (5)
  • Tarp, Finn  (5)
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press  (10)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tasks, Skills, and Institutions : The Changing Nature of Work and Inequality (2023)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (337 p.)
    Series Statement: WIDER Studies in Development Economics
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies ; Employment & unemployment ; Economic growth
    Abstract: This book provides a unique, comparative assessment on how the nature of work is changing in 11 major developing countries, and the role that these changes play in shaping earnings inequality in these societies. It provides a nuanced and context-sensitive developing-country perspective with an in-depth assessment of national trends in earnings inequality, which are assessed against changes in the supply of higher skilled workers and education premia, on the one hand, and changes in the occupational structure and the remuneration of tasks, on the other, while being mindful of broader macroeconomic trends and institutional developments. We start showing that the common assumption that occupations are identical around the world tends to lead to an overestimation of the non-routine task content of jobs in developing and emerging economies. Then, we use country-specific measures of routine-task intensity, along with the standard O*NET measures, and other innovative ways to push the boundaries of existing research and make the most of the limited information that is available in each of the countries under study. We show that the large changes in the composition of workers by education and job routine-task intensity, which developing countries exhibited in the 2000s and 2010s, generally contributed to higher inequality, ceteris paribus. We also find evidence of job polarization or widening of earnings inequality driven by the evolution of routine intensity of jobs in several cases. However, changes in the education premium, along institutional factors, seem to explain inequality trends to a larger extent
    Note: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Developer's Dilemma : Structural Transformation, Inequality Dynamics, and Inclusive Growth (2022)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies ; Economic growth
    Abstract: This book explores this developer’s dilemma or ‘Kuznetsian tension’ between structural transformation and income inequality. Developing countries are seeking economic development—that is, structural transformation—which is inclusive in the sense that it is broad-based and raises the income of all, especially the poor. Thus, inclusive economic growth requires steady, or even falling, income inequality if it is to maximize the growth of incomes at the lower end of the distribution. Yet, this is at odds with Simon Kuznets hypothesis that economic development tends to put upward pressure on income inequality, at least initially and in the absence of countervailing policies. The book asks: what are the types or ‘varieties’ of structural transformation that have been experienced in developing countries? What inequality dynamics are associated with each variety of structural transformation? And what policies have been utilized to manage trade-offs between structural transformation, income inequality, and inclusive growth? The book answers these questions using a comparative case study approach, contrasting nine developing countries while employing a common analytical framework and a set of common datasets across the case studies. The intended intellectual contribution of the book is to provide a comparative analysis of the relationship between structural transformation, income inequality, and inclusive growth; to do so empirically at a regional and national level; and to draw conclusions from the cases on the varieties of structural transformation, their inequality dynamics, and the policies that have been employed to mediate the developer’s dilemma
    Note: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inequality in the Developing World (2021)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198863960
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies ; Political economy ; Macroeconomics
    Abstract: Inequality has emerged as a key development challenge. It holds implications for economic growth and redistribution and translates into power asymmetries that can endanger human rights, create conflict, and embed social exclusion and chronic poverty. For these reasons, it underpins intense public and academic debates and has become a dominant policy concern within many countries and in all multilateral agencies. It is at the core of the seventeen goals of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This book contributes to this important discussion by presenting assessments of the measurement and analysis of global inequality by leading inequality scholars, aligning these to comprehensive reviews of inequality trends in five of the world’s largest developing countries—Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa. Each is a persistently high or newly high inequality context and, with the changing global inequality situation as context, country chapters investigate the main factors shaping their different inequality dynamics. Particular attention is on how broader societal inequalities arising outside of the labour market have intersected with the rapidly changing labour market milieus of the last few decades. Collectively these chapters provide a nuanced discussion of key distributive phenomena like the high concentration of income among the most affluent people, gender inequalities, and social mobility. Substantive tax and social benefit policies that each country implemented to mitigate these inequality dynamics are assessed in detail. The book takes lessons from these contexts back into the global analysis of inequality and social mobility and the policies needed to address inequality
    Note: English
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Social Mobility in Developing Countries : Concepts, Methods, and Determinants (2021)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | The Hague : OAPEN FOUNDATION
    Details
    ISBN: 9780192896858
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (512 p.)
    DDC: 305.513091724
    RVK:
    QG 020
    Keywords: Soziale Mobilität ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Development economics & emerging economies ; Social mobility ; Welfare economics ; Welfare economics ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development economics & emerging economies; social mobility; welfare economics; economic growth
    Abstract: Social mobility is the hope of economic development and the mantra of a good society. There are disagreements about what constitutes social mobility, but there is broad agreement that people should have roughly equal chances of success regardless of their economic status at birth. Concerns about rising inequality have engendered a renewed interest in social mobility—especially in the developing world. However, efforts to construct the databases and meet the standards required for conventional analyses of social mobility are at a preliminary stage and need to be complemented by innovative, conceptual, and methodological advances. If forms of mobility have slowed in the West, then we might be entering an age of rigid stratification with defined boundaries between the always-haves and the never-haves—which does not augur well for social stability. Social mobility research is ongoing, with substantive findings in different disciplines—typically with researchers in isolation from each other. A key contribution of this book is the pulling together of the emerging streams of knowledge. Generating policy-relevant knowledge is a principal concern. Three basic questions frame the study of diverse aspects of social mobility in the book. How to assess the extent of social mobility in a given development context when the datasets by conventional measurement techniques are unavailable? How to identify drivers and inhibitors of social mobility in particular developing country contexts? How to acquire the knowledge required to design interventions to raise social mobility, either by increasing upward mobility or by lowering downward mobility?...
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Social mobility in developing countries : concepts, methods, and determinants (2021)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780191919138
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (728 pages) , Illustrations (black and white, and colour).
    Edition: First edition.
    Series Statement: UNU-WIDER studies in development economics
    Series Statement: Oxford scholarship online
    DDC: 305.513091724
    RVK:
    QG 020
    Keywords: Soziale Mobilität ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Social mobility ; Economic development ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Social mobility is the hope of economic development and the mantra of a good society. There are disagreements about what constitutes social mobility, but there is broad agreement that people should have roughly equal chances of success regardless of their economic status at birth. Concerns about rising inequality have engendered a renewed interest in social mobility - especially in the developing world. However, efforts to construct the databases and meet the standards required for conventional analyses of social mobility are at a preliminary stage and need to be complemented by innovative, conceptual, and methodological advances. If forms of mobility have slowed in the West, then we might be entering an age of rigid stratification with defined boundaries between the always-haves and the never-haves - which does not augur well for social stability.
    Note: This edition also issued in print: 2021 , "This is an open access publication. Except where otherwise noted, this work is distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO)"--Home page , Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192896858.001.0001
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    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 6
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    Social mobility in developing countries : concepts, methods, and determinants (2021)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 0192896857 , 9780192896858
    Language: English
    Pages: xxiii, 481 pages , illustrations , 24 cm
    Edition: First edition
    Series Statement: Studies in development economics
    DDC: 305.513091724
    RVK:
    MS 1500
    RVK:
    QG 020
    Keywords: Social mobility ; Economic development ; Economic development ; Social mobility ; Developing countries ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Soziale Mobilität
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/social-mobility-in-developing-countries-9780192896858
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam (2020)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198851189
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Economics ; Development economics & emerging economies ; Industry & industrial studies ; Manufacturing industries
    Abstract: This volume provides a comprehensive analytic contribution to a crucial topic within development economics based on 15 years of continued data collection and research efforts. It brings together nine up-to-date studies on SME development in a coherent framework to help persuade national and international policy makers (including donors) of the need to take the international call for a data revolution seriously, not only in rhetoric, but also in concrete plans and budget allocations, and in the necessary sustained action at country level. More specifically, the volume: Provides an in-depth evaluation of the development of private sector formal and informal manufacturing SMEs in a developing country—Vietnam in this case—over the past decade, combining a unique primary source of panel data with the best analytical tools available. Generates a comprehensive understanding of the impact of business risks, credit access, and institutional characteristics, on the one hand, and government policies on SME growth performance at the enterprise level, on the other, including the importance of working conditions, informality, and union membership. Serves as a lens through which other countries, and the international development community at large, may wish to approach the massive task of pursuing a meaningful data revolution as an integral element of the SDG development agenda. Makes available a comprehensive set of materials and studies of use to academics, students, and development practitioners interested in an integrated approach to the study of economic growth, private sector development, and the microeconomic analysis of SME development in a fascinating developing country
    Note: English
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  • 8
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    Mining for Change : Natural Resources and Industry in Africa (2020)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198851172
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (512 p.)
    Keywords: Economics ; Development economics & emerging economies ; Energy industries & utilities ; Mining industry ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: For a growing number of countries in Africa the discovery and exploitation of natural resources is a great opportunity, but one accompanied by considerable risks. In Africa, countries dependent on oil, gas, and mining have tended to have weaker long-run growth, higher rates of poverty, and greater income inequality than less resource-abundant economies. In resource-producing economies, relative prices make it more difficult to diversify into activities outside of the resource sector, limiting structural change. Economic structure matters for at least two reasons. First, countries whose exports are highly concentrated are vulnerable to declining prices and volatility. Second, economic diversification matters for long-term growth. This book presents research undertaken to understand how better management of the revenues and opportunities associated with natural resources can accelerate diversification and structural change in Africa. It begins with chapters on managing the boom, the construction sector, and linking industry to the resource—three major issues that frame the question of how to use natural resources for structural change. It then reports the main research results for five countries—Ghana, Mozambique, Uganda, Tanzania, and Zambia. Each country study covers the same three themes—managing the boom, the construction sector, and linking industry to the resource. One message that clearly emerges is that good policy can make a difference. A concluding chapter sets out some ideas for policy change in each of the areas that guided the research, and then goes on to propose some ideas for widening the options for structural change
    Note: English
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  • 9
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    Growth, structural transformation, and rural change in Viet Nam : a rising dragon on the move : a study prepared by the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER) (2017)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198796961
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 333 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: UNU-WIDER studies in development economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Growth, structural transformation, and rural change in Viet Nam
    Keywords: Ländliche Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Ländliche Wirtschaft ; Strukturwandel ; Vietnam ; Development studies ; Economic growth ; Development economics & emerging economies ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Vietnam ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Strukturwandel
    Abstract: Many developing countries - Viet Nam included - continue to struggle to raise incomes per capita. A common feature of the growth and development process is a fundamental change in the pattern of economic activity, as households reallocate labour from traditional agriculture to more productive forms of agriculture and modern industrial and service sectors. Broad structural transformation and widespread poverty reduction is the combined result of these large-scale shifts in work and labour allocation when they realize desired development goals. The roots of this book grow from when the first pilot Viet Nam Access to Resources Household Survey (VARHS) was carried out in 2002. The success of this inspired the Central Institute of Economic Management (CIEM) in Hanoi, the Institute of Policy and Strategy for Agriculture and Rural Development (CAP-IPSARD), the Institute of Labour Science and Social Affairs (ILSSA), and the Development Economics Research Group (DERG) of the University of Copenhagen, together with Danida and, later on, UNU-WIDER, to plan and carry out a more ambitious VARHS from 2006, increasing coverage and representativeness to more than 2,150 families and 12 provinces across the various regions of Viet Nam. The VARHS covering these very same households had, by 2014, been carried out five times, that is, every two years. It is on this high-quality panel data foundation and almost fifteen years of study and policy work using the VARHS data that the present volume builds, in its effort to bring out the essential rural microeconomic characteristics and insights of a dynamic South-East Asian economy in transition from a centrally planned towards a more market-based economy.
    Note: Enthält 14 Beiträge , English
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  • 10
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    Manufacturing transformation : comparative studies of industrial development in Africa and emerging Asia : a study prepared by the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER) (2016)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780198776987
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 324 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Edition: First edition published in 2016
    Series Statement: UNU-WIDER studies in development economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Manufacturing transformation
    Keywords: Industrialisierung ; Industriepolitik ; Afrika ; Asien ; Schwellenländer ; Economics of industrial organisation ; Economic growth ; Development economics & emerging economies
    Abstract: While it is possible for economies to grow based on abundant land or natural resources, more often structural change?the shift of resources from low-productivity to high-productivity sectors?is the key driver of economic growth. Structural transformation is vital for Africa. The region?s much-lauded growth turnaround since 1995 has been the result of fewer economic policy mistakes, robust commodity prices, and new discoveries of natural resources. At the same time, Africa?s economic structure has changed very little. Primary commodities and natural resources still account for the bulk of exports. Industry is most often the leading driver of structural transformation. Africa?s experience with industrialization over the past thirty years has been disappointing. In 2010, sub-Saharan Africa?s average share of manufacturing value added in GDP was 10 per cent, unchanged from the 1970s. In fact the share of medium- and high-tech goods in manufacturing production has been falling since the mid-1990s. Per capita manufactured exports are less than 10 per cent of the developing country average. Consequently, Africa?s industrial transformation has yet to take place. This book presents results of comparative country-based research that sought to answer a seemingly simple but puzzling question: why is there so little industry in Africa? It brings together detailed country case studies of industrial policies and industrialization outcomes in eleven countries, conducted by teams of national researchers in partnership with experts on industrial development. It provides the most comprehensive description and analysis available of the contemporary industrialization experience in low-income Africa
    Note: Enthält 13 Beiträge , English
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