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  • GBV  (56)
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  • Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena  (46)
  • Bauhaus-Universität Weimar  (10)
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  • 1
    Language: German , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kasinger, Christoph, 1990 - Was ist? Was bleibt?
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2024
    DDC: 306.3
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Westdeutschland ; Ostdeutschland ; Unterschied ; Wohlbefinden ; Vermögen ; Sozialpolitik ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: Durch welche rechtlichen, sozioökonomischen und gesellschaftspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen eines Staates wird das subjektive Wohlbefinden seiner Bürgerinnen und Bürger beeinflusst? Welche Rahmenbedingungen braucht es, damit das Glück der Menschen in einem Staat gedeiht? Dies sind Fragen, die die Menschheit seit jeher beschäftigen und auf die von vielen Seiten unterschiedliche Antworten gegeben worden sind. Aber erst in den letzten Jahrzehnten hat man begonnen sich diesen Fragen empirisch zu nähern. Deutschland kommt dabei eine besondere Rolle zu, denn die Geschichte des ehemals geteilten Landes erlaubt es, die Einflüsse unterschiedlicher gesellschaftspolitischer Rahmenbedingungen auf das subjektive Wohlbefinden zu untersuchen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser historischen Besonderheit versucht die vorliegende Dissertation, relevante sozioökonomische und gesellschaftspolitische Einflussfaktoren auf das individuelle subjektive Wohlbefinden zu identifizieren. Dabei wird der Mehrdimensionalität des Konstrukts subjektives Wohlbefinden Rechnung getragen, indem neben der allgemeinen Lebenszufriedenheit (Originalarbeit 1) auch Aspekte der bereichsspezifischen Lebenszufriedenheit (Originalarbeit 2) und des affektiven Wohlbefindens (Originalarbeit 3) untersucht werden. Zusammenfassend lassen sich die Ergebnisse der Arbeiten dahingehend interpretieren, dass das subjektive Wohlbefinden in hohem Maße von aktuellen sozioökonomischen Umweltfaktoren wie Arbeitslosigkeit, Einkommen und Vermögen beeinflusst wird. Dabei bestehen auch nach 30 Jahren Einheit Unterschiede im subjektiven Wohlbefinden zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschen, die sich jedoch zunehmend angleichen. Verantwortlich für diese Angleichungstendenz dürften vor allem die verbesserten sozioökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen in Ostdeutschland seit der Wiedervereinigung sein.
    Note: Kumulative Dissertation, enthält Zeitschriftenaufsätze , Tag der Verteidigung: 27.02.2024 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache , Zeitschriftenaufsätze in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 2
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 137 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Shulman, Deborah, 1987 - Psychological interventions to reduce support for ingroup harmdoing in intergroup contexts
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2023
    DDC: 302.4
    Keywords: Eigengruppe ; Gewalt ; Fremdgruppe ; Schaden ; Leid ; Intervention ; Reduktion ; Moral ; Hochschulschrift ; Eigengruppe ; Gewalt ; Fremdgruppe ; Schaden ; Leid ; Intervention ; Reduktion ; Moral
    Abstract: This thesis aimed to develop and empirically test psychological interventions to reduce support for ingroup harmdoing towards outgroups in two contexts where harmdoing is widespread and often accepted at the societal level: harm to animals in factory farming and harm in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. We focused on the role of morality in evaluations of harm and explored leveraging moral identity, moral reasoning, and moral emotions to reduce support for ingroup-committed harm. The first intervention aimed to reduce moral identity threat by morally absolving (vs. blaming) participants when providing information about ingroup harmdoing. We tested this in the context of harm to animals and found that raising awareness of animal suffering in factory farms while absolving (vs. blaming) participants reduced defensiveness and led to more positive attitudes and intentions towards harm reduction. The next interventions were tested in the context of intractable conflict. The second intervention used analogical reasoning to encourage more objective evaluation of ingroup harmdoing, specifically collective punishment. We found that considering a remote but similar case of collective punishment led to harsher moral judgments of ingroup collective punishment. The third intervention explored the effects of the emotional experience of moral elevation (vs. amusement), and found that moral elevation increased moral concern for others and support for humanitarian policies to protect the outgroup from harm. These interventions provide avenues for encouraging critical reflection on ingroup harmdoing and reducing support for harmful ingroup behavior.
    Abstract: Abstract
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 25.05.2023 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 3
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Nägler, Larissa, 1989 - Getting respected despite our differences
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2023
    DDC: 305.8
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Gruppe ; Verbrechensopfer ; Täter ; Interaktion ; Beziehung ; Achtung ; Versöhnung
    Abstract: Can respect help to re-establish social relations within and between groups- also in situations of intergroup conflict? In the present lines of research, I propose respect to be of fundamental importance for social cohesion within and between groups. I conceive of respect as recognition as an equal (Honneth, 1995, Simon, 2007) and develop an integrative conceptualization and measurement in order to examine its role for intergroup reconciliation (Chapter 2 and 4). I present two studies examining the distinct influence of respect and disrespect as compared to a neutral condition at first within groups and then between groups (Chapter 3). Within groups, a respectful treatment seems equivalent to a neutral treatment and both increased group identification, group-serving motivation, and category salience equivalently when compared to a disrespectful treatment. As opposed, a respectful treatment between groups decreased category salience compared to disrespectful treatment and may benefit to overcome intergroup boundaries. In the context of intergroup conflict, I present five studies (Chapter 5-7) examining the role of respect on the willingness to reconcile between victims and perpetrators (Shnabel & Nadler, 2008). Here, I focused on how the willingness to reconcile is affected by a respectful message in addition to needs-based messages, or alone. Results revealed that respect had a consistent effect on the willingness to reconcile of victims, in addition to the needs-based message. More importantly perceived respect was the central mediating process between manipulated respect and the willingness to reconcile for victims and perpetrators. I discuss theoretical and practical implications of respect for relations within and between groups as well as methodological limitations and challenges in the experimental study of respect (Chapter 8).
    Note: Kumulative Dissertation, enthält Zeitschriftenaufsätze , Tag der Verteidigung: 20.01.2023 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 4
    Language: English , German
    Pages: XIV, 249 Seiten , 29,5 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Halabi, Slieman, 1988 - Falling in between the lines
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2022
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Soziale Identität ; Kulturkontakt
    Abstract: The current dissertation aims to shed light on in-between groups. The term “in-between groups” is used in the present thesis to denote a particular social category that can emerge in contexts where individuals straddle membership in two (or more) social groups simultaneously (e.g., immigrant communities, dual-gender identifiers). In three chapters, I aimed to understand how in-between group members navigate their relations with relevant others (i.e., members of the groups they belong to) and how relevant others perceive them. All chapters drew theoretical arguments and predictions based on the social identity approach, that is, social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and self-categorization theory (Turner et al., 1987).
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 28.01.2022 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 5
    Language: German , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (424 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hunger, Francis, 1976 - Die Form der Datenbank
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2022
    DDC: 302.231
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Datenbanken sind heute die wichtigste Technik zur Organisation und Verarbeitung von Daten. Wie wurden sie zu einer der allgegenwärtigsten und gleichzeitig unsichtbarsten Praxis, die menschliche Zusammenarbeit ermöglicht? Diese Studie beginnt mit einer historiographischen Erkundung der zentralen medialen Konzepte von Datenbanken und mündet in das praxeologische Konzept der "Daten als Formation", kurz: In-Formation. Der erste Hauptteil befasst sich mit der Formatierung von Daten durch die Verarbeitung strukturierter Daten mittels relationaler Algebra. Es wird erarbeitet, auf welche Weise Struktur neues Wissen schafft. Im zweiten Teil wird erörtert, wie Datenbanken durch den diagrammatisch-epistemischen Raum der Tabelle operationalisiert werden. Drittens untersucht die Studie Transaktionen als Erklärungen dafür, wie Daten und reale Handlungen koordiniert und synchronisiert werden können. Im zweiten Hauptteil wird untersucht, wie relationale Datenbanken zunehmend zum Zentrum von Softwareanwendungen und Infrastrukturen wurden, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf wirtschaftlichen Praktiken liegt. In einem vergleichenden Ansatz wird anhand von Fallstudien in der DDR der 1970er bis 1990er Jahren die Frage gestellt, ob es eine „sozialistische“ Datenbankmanagement-Software gegeben hat. Dabei werden die „westlichen“ Produktionsdatenbanken BOMP, COPICS und MAPICS (IBM) sowie R2 (SAP) im Zusammenspiel mit den ostdeutschen Sachgebietsorientierten Programmiersystemen (SOPS) von Robotron diskutiert. Schließlich untersucht dieser Teil, wie die DDR ihr eigenes relationales Datenbankmanagementsystem, DABA 1600, entwickelte und dabei „westliche“ Technologie neu interpretierte. Das abschließende Kapitel fasst die Konzepte der relationalen Datenbanken als heute wichtigsten Datenorganisationstechnik zusammen. Es erörtert, inwiefern es möglich ist, die historiographische Erzählung über die Entstehung von Datenbankmanagementsystemen und ihre Folgen für die Geschichte der Informatik zu dezentrieren. Es schließt mit der Erkenntnis, dass östliche und westliche Medien der Kooperation sich in Form und Funktion erstaunlich ähnlich sind, beide wurzeln in den tiefen Genealogien von organisatorischen und wissensbildenden Datenpraktiken. Neben dieser medienwissenschaftlichen Arbeit besteht die Dissertation aus einem künstlerischen Teil, der dokumentiert wird: Anhand einer Reihe von Vlogs erkundet die fiktionale Figur „Data Proxy“ aktuelle Datenökologien.
    Note: überwiegend deutsch, Teil B in englisch
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Carvajal Bermúdez, Juan Carlos, 1983 - New methods of citizen participation based on digital technologies
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2022
    DDC: 303.483
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Stadtentwicklung ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: The current thesis presents research about new methods of citizen participation based on digital technologies. The focus on the research lies on decentralized methods of participation where citizens take the role of co-creators. The research project first conducted a review of the literature on citizen participation, its origins and the different paradigms that have emerged over the years. The literature review also looked at the influence of technologies on participation processes and the theoretical frameworks that have emerged to understand the introduction of technologies in the context of urban development. The literature review generated the conceptual basis for the further development of the thesis. The research begins with a survey of technology enabled participation applications that examined the roles and structures emerging due to the introduction of technology. The results showed that cities use technology mostly to control and monitor urban infrastructure and are rather reluctant to give citizens the role of co-creators. Based on these findings, three case studies were developed. Digital tools for citizen participation were conceived and introduced for each case study. The adoption and reaction of the citizens were observed using three data collection methods. The results of the case studies showed consistently that previous participation and engagement with informal citizen participation are a determinining factor in the potential adoption of digital tools for decentralized engagement. Based on these results, the case studies proposed methods and frameworks that can be used for the conception and introduction of technologies for decentralized citizen participation.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: XV, 230 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2022
    DDC: 630
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ägypten ; Landbevölkerung ; Sozialer Wandel ; Klimaänderung
    Note: Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: xxi, 219 Seiten , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Motalebi, Mahgol Immigrant's Home in the Making through Spatial Practice
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2023
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Berlin ; Iranier ; Einwanderer ; Stadtviertel ; Soziale Integration ; Raum
    Abstract: Due to the significant number of immigrants in Europe, especially Germany, integration is an ongoing subject of debate. Since the 1970s, with the emergence of the discussions on ‘place,’ it has also been realized that the immigrant experience is associated with location. Nevertheless, due to the challenges in capturing the place and migration relevance, there is a gap in understanding the role of the migrant’s geography of experiences and its outcomes (Phillips & Robinson, 2015). This research aims to investigate the extent to which both the process of objective integration and the socio-spatial practices of high-skilled Iranian immigrants in Berlin outline and influence their sense of belonging to Berlin as the new “home.” The embedded mixed-method design had employed for this study. The quantitative analysis through Pearson’s correlation technique measured the strength of the association between Iranians’ settlement distribution and the characteristics of Berlins’ districts. The quantitative analysis provides contextual data to get a greater level of understanding of the case study’s interaction with place. The units of place intend to demonstrate the case study’s presence and possible interaction with places around their settlement location that relatively shapes their perception. The qualitative analysis comprises ethnographic fieldwork and semi-structured in-depth interviews with a homogeneous sample of Iranian immigrants in Berlin that provide data on individual and ethnic behaviors and trajectories and analyze the complex interactions between the immigrant’s experience and the role of place. This research uncovers that Iranian highly skilled immigrants are successful in integrating objectively; However, in regards to their state of belonging, it illustrated the following: The role of socio-ethnic culture of the case study in denotation of home and belonging; Iranian high-skilled immigrants’ efforts towards reaching a level of upward mobility overshadow their attempt to shape social and spatial interaction with Berliners and Berlin itself, which manifests both in their perception and use of urban space; and finally, the identification practice and the boundary-making as an act of reassurance and self-protection against the generalization of adjacent nationalities, demonstrated in the intersection of demographical settlement distribution of Iranians in Berlin and the ethnic diversity, impact the sense of belonging and place-making.
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  • 9
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (267 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Halabi, Slieman, 1988 - Falling in between the lines
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2022
    DDC: 305.8
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Soziale Identität ; Kulturkontakt
    Abstract: The current dissertation aims to shed light on in-between groups. The term “in-between groups” is used in the present thesis to denote a particular social category that can emerge in contexts where individuals straddle membership in two (or more) social groups simultaneously (e.g., immigrant communities, dual-gender identifiers). In three chapters, I aimed to understand how in-between group members navigate their relations with relevant others (i.e., members of the groups they belong to) and how relevant others perceive them. All chapters drew theoretical arguments and predictions based on the social identity approach, that is, social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and self-categorization theory (Turner et al., 1987).
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 28.01.2022 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Motalebi, Mahgol Immigrant's Home in the Making through Spatial Practice
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2023
    DDC: 305.8
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Berlin ; Iranier ; Einwanderer ; Stadtviertel ; Soziale Integration ; Raum
    Abstract: Due to the significant number of immigrants in Europe, especially Germany, integration is an ongoing subject of debate. Since the 1970s, with the emergence of the discussions on ‘place,’ it has also been realized that the immigrant experience is associated with location. Nevertheless, due to the challenges in capturing the place and migration relevance, there is a gap in understanding the role of the migrant’s geography of experiences and its outcomes (Phillips & Robinson, 2015). This research aims to investigate the extent to which both the process of objective integration and the socio-spatial practices of high-skilled Iranian immigrants in Berlin outline and influence their sense of belonging to Berlin as the new “home.” The embedded mixed-method design had employed for this study. The quantitative analysis through Pearson’s correlation technique measured the strength of the association between Iranians’ settlement distribution and the characteristics of Berlins’ districts. The quantitative analysis provides contextual data to get a greater level of understanding of the case study’s interaction with place. The units of place intend to demonstrate the case study’s presence and possible interaction with places around their settlement location that relatively shapes their perception. The qualitative analysis comprises ethnographic fieldwork and semi-structured in-depth interviews with a homogeneous sample of Iranian immigrants in Berlin that provide data on individual and ethnic behaviors and trajectories and analyze the complex interactions between the immigrant’s experience and the role of place. This research uncovers that Iranian highly skilled immigrants are successful in integrating objectively; However, in regards to their state of belonging, it illustrated the following: The role of socio-ethnic culture of the case study in denotation of home and belonging; Iranian high-skilled immigrants’ efforts towards reaching a level of upward mobility overshadow their attempt to shape social and spatial interaction with Berliners and Berlin itself, which manifests both in their perception and use of urban space; and finally, the identification practice and the boundary-making as an act of reassurance and self-protection against the generalization of adjacent nationalities, demonstrated in the intersection of demographical settlement distribution of Iranians in Berlin and the ethnic diversity, impact the sense of belonging and place-making.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (266 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Karten
    Uniform Title: The Space In-Between - Towards a Spatial Genealogy of Nicosia’s Buffer Zone through Tracing Transformative Processes in a Post-Conflict Cityscape
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2020
    DDC: 306.3
    Keywords: urban partition ; Hochschulschrift ; Urbanistik ; Zypern
    Abstract: This thesis examines urban partition in Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, and how its changing roles and shifting perceptions in a post-conflict setting reflect power relations, and their constant renegotiation. Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, was officially divided in 1974 in the aftermath of an eighteen-year-long conflict between the island’s Turkish- and Greek-Cypriot communities. As a result, a heavily militarized Buffer Zone, established as an emergency measure against perpetuation of intercommunal violence, has been cutting through its historic centre ever since. This thesis departs from a genuine interest in the material and ideational dimensions of urban partition. How is it constructed, not merely in physical terms but in the minds of the societies affected by conflict? How is it established in official and everyday discourses? What kinds of mechanisms have been developed to maintain it, and make an inseparable part of the urban experience? Moreover, taking into account the consensus in relevant literature pertaining to the imperative for its removal, this thesis is inquiring into the relevance of peace agreements to overcoming urban partition. For this purpose, it also looks at narratives and practices that have attempted to contest it. The examples examined in this thesis offer pregnant analytical moments to understand Nicosia’s Buffer Zone as a dynamic social construct, accommodating multiple visions of and for the city. Its space ‘in-between’ facilitates encounters between various actors, accommodates new meanings, socio-spatial practices and diverse imaginaries. In this sense, urban partition is explored in this thesis as a phenomenon that transcends scales as well as temporalities, entwining past, present, and future.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 12
    Language: German , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (83 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Bachelorarbeit Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2021
    DDC: 306.461
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Sozialer Vergleichsprozess ; Aussehen ; Soziales Netzwerk ; Social Media ; Körperbild
    Abstract: Immer mehr Autoren befassen sich mit den Auswirkungen von sozialen Netzwerken. Ein möglicher Einflussfaktor auf diese Wirkungsprozesse ist der soziale Vergleich des Erscheinungsbildes oder die Tendenz dazu. Im Rahmen einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurde mit 19 Publikationen ein erster systematischer Überblick zu den Vergleichsprozessen in sozialen Medien und deren Auswirkungen auf Heranwachsende erstellt. Die Arbeit evaluiert den aktuellen Forschungsstand hingehend der signifikanten Auswirkungen und Limitationen und gibt einen Ausblick für zukünftige Forschung. Die psycho-emotionale Wirkung unterschiedlicher Vergleichsarten des Erscheinungsbildes wurde durch diverse Nutzungsweisen von sozialen Medien auf Präadoleszente, Adoleszente und junge Erwachsenen international untersucht, wobei Einflussfaktoren wie Geschlecht, Gewicht, Ethnie, elterliche Kontrolle, Gesamtähnlichkeit und feministische Einstellungen mit einbezogen wurden. Die Publikationen untersuchten Wahrnehmungen und Selbst-Evaluierungen des Körperbildes, Stimmungen, das Wohlbefinden, die psychische Gesundheit sowie erscheinungsbezogene Motivationen und Verhaltensweisen von Heranwachsenden. Es gab experimentelle Belege, dass sich die Nutzung sozialer Netzwerke durch den Einfluss von häufigen Zustands- oder Merkmalserscheinungsvergleichen bei der jungen Bevölkerung auf Körperbildsorgen wie die Körperbild-Unzufriedenheit, Bedenken bezüglich des Gesichts, den Haaren und der Haut, die Stimmung, die Körperwertschätzung und Einstellungen zum Vergleichsziel negativ auswirkt. Mehr Längsschnitte, Experimente und diversere Samples sind notwendig, um diese Beziehungen zu erfassen.
    Note: Abschlussdatum: 30.03.2021 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 13
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (151 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2020
    DDC: 306.461
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Computerunterstützte Kommunikation ; Körperbild ; Selbstwertgefühl ; Instagram ; Sozialer Vergleichsprozess ; Selbstbild ; Augenbewegung
    Abstract: The present study deals with the change in body-self-perception through social comparison processes in the media environment. It examines the effect of so-called Fitspiration images on physical self-perception and self-esteem. The paper is based on Festinger's social comparison theory and the special features of computer-mediated communication via social networks. Fitspiration as a genre comprises in particular photographs of sporty people who either pursue a corresponding activity or merely pose. The aim of the pictures is to encourage viewers to achieve a stronger body image and a healthier lifestyle through exercise and healthy eating. Originally, the material was intended to oppose the idealization of a slim physical appearance postulated within mass media. However, an examination of relevant research suggests that Fitspiration images are quite similar to those ideals. They could therefore cause an upward comparison merely supplemented by the aspect of muscularity. The concrete results of earlier papers diverge widely in certain aspects, possibly due to the general conditions, the stimulus material and the various methodologies. Within the present study, new stimulus material was created that is largely free of interfering variables. Two preliminary studies served to identify initial trends and to evaluate the generated image material. The main study consists of a combination of a survey and an eyetracking experiment. Taken together, the results of the present paper largely contradict previous research. It is noticeable that the changes in physical self-perception and self-confidence are positive on average – albeit with small effect sizes. In line with the social comparison theory, it can be confirmed that study participants who considered the models attractive showed a change in self-assessment. Further relevant variables regarding the question of who is influenced by the Fitspiration images are the BMI and the age of the test persons. Despite some limitations, the present paper delivers interesting starting points for further research.
    Abstract: Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit der Veränderung der Selbstwahrnehmung durch soziale Vergleichsprozesse im medialen Umfeld. Untersucht wird die Wirkung sogenannter Fitspiration-Bilder auf die physische Selbstwahrnehmung sowie das Selbstbewusstsein. Theoretisch baut die Arbeit auf der Theorie des Sozialen Vergleichs nach Festinger sowie den Besonderheiten computervermittelter Kommunikation über soziale Netzwerke auf. Das Genre Fitspiration umfasst insbesondere Fotografien sportlicher Menschen, die entweder einer entsprechenden Aktivität nachgehen oder lediglich posieren. Betrachter sollen dazu angeregt werden, durch Bewegung und gesunde Ernährung ein positiveres Körperbild sowie einen vernünftigen Lebensstil zu erreichen. Ursprünglich soll das Material der Idealisierung einer schlanken physischen Erscheinung entgegenstehen. Eine Betrachtung einschlägiger Forschung legt jedoch nahe, dass die Bilder bisherigen innerhalb der Massenmedien postulierten Idealen sehr ähnlich sind. Sie könnten daher lediglich einen, um den Aspekt der Muskularität ergänzten, Aufwärtsvergleich verursachen. Die konkreten bisherigen Forschungsergebnisse gehen teilweise weit auseinander, was gegebenenfalls auf die Rahmenbedingungen, das Stimulusmaterial und die diversen Methodiken der einzelnen Studien zurückzuführen ist. Innerhalb der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde daher neues Stimulusmaterial erstellt, das weitestgehend frei von Störvariablen ist. Zwei Vorstudien dienten der Feststellung erster Trends sowie der Bewertung des generierten Bildmaterials. Die Hauptstudie besteht aus einer Kombination von Befragungen und Eyetracking Experiment. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit stehen der bisherigen Forschung in großen Teilen entgegen. Es fällt auf, dass die Veränderungen der physischen Selbstwahrnehmung sowie des Selbstbewusstseins im Durchschnitt positiv ist – wenn auch mit kleinen Effektstärken. Im Sinne der Theorie des Sozialen Vergleichs kann bestätigt werden, dass in erster Linie die Probanden von Veränderungen betroffen sind, die die Models attraktiv fanden. Als weitere relevante Variablen bei der Frage, wer von den Fitspiration-Bildern beeinflusst wird, stechen der eigene BMI sowie das Alter der Probanden hervor. Es ergeben sich, trotz einiger Limitationen, interessante Ansatzpunkte für weiterführende Forschung.
    Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 14
    Language: German , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Bachelorarbeit Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2020
    DDC: 303.6
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Kommunikationswissenschaft ; Sozialpsychologie ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Unterprivilegierung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Änderung ; Widerstand
    Abstract: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit gibt einen Überblick über die Konzeption der System Justification Theory – eine Theorie, die besagt, dass Benachteiligte den Status quo eines Systems rechtfertigen und bekräftigen, auch auf Kosten von Eigen- und Gruppeninteressen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, im Rahmen einer konzeptuellen Klärung die Theorie von anderen verwandten Theorien abzugrenzen, Gemeinsamkeiten und wichtige Unterscheidungsmerkmale zu identifizieren. Die theoretischen Aspekte – Hypothesen und Annahmen – werden strukturiert aufgearbeitet und mit exemplarischen Studienergebnissen veranschaulicht. Zudem wird die Relevanz der System Justification Theory für die kommunikationswissenschaftliche Forschung anhand dervier Forschungsbereiche Wahlentscheidungen, Leugnung des Klimawandels, Rassismus und Sexismus verdeutlicht. Abschließend wird die Theorie einer kritischen Betrachtung unterzogen, aus der Hinweise für zukünftige Forschungsbereiche abgeleitet werden.
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 24.08.2020 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 15
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Roca Paz, Roberto, 1989 - Risk attitudes and migration decisions
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2020
    DDC: 304.8
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; USA ; Migration ; Risikoanalyse ; Einkommen
    Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the relationship between individuals' attitudes towards risk, migration experience, and migration decisions. For this, we consider migration in the United States across Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) for the period 1997-2015 based on a panel dataset from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). This dataset includes a series of hypothetical-gamble questions to elicit individual risk attitudes.
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 10.07.2020 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (453 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Karten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Camerin, Federico The role of the great property in the European City-Making Process in the last third of the 20th century
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2020
    DDC: 305.8
    Keywords: urban development ; urban history ; urban planning ; urban regeneration ; Hochschulschrift ; Europa ; Italien ; Stadtplanung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Stadtsanierung ; Urbanität
    Abstract: The thesis concerns a work of urban history intended not to describe the city but rather to interpret it. By doing so, I have interpreted the city by means of the role played by the so-called ‘great property’ in the European city-making process during the last three decades of the 20th century, specifically focused on the concrete case of military properties in Italy. I have also considered the role played by other kinds of great properties, i.e. industries and railway, which previously acted in the production of the built environment in a different way respect to the military one. As all of them have as common denominator the fact of being ‘capital in land’, I analysed great industrial and railway properties in order to extrapolate a methodology which helped me to interpret the relationship between military properties and city-making process in Europe in the late 20th century. I have analysed the relationship between the capital in land and the city-making process on the ground of the understanding the interrelation between the great property, the urban development, and the agents involved in the urban and territorial planning. Here I have showed that urban planning is not the decisive factor influencing the citymaking process, but instead the power held by the capital in land. I have found that is the great property the trigger of the creation of new ‘areas of centrality’ intended as large areas for consumerism. As far as the role played by great property is concerned, I have also discovered that it has evolved over time. Originally, industrial and railway properties have been regenerated into a wide range of new profit-driven spaces; successively, I have found out that most of the regeneration of military premises aimed to materialise areas of centrality. The way of interpreting this factor has been based on focusing my attention on the military premises in Italy: I have classified their typology when they have been built and, most importantly, when they have been regenerated into new areas of centrality.
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  • 17
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 327 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme , 29,5 cm
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2020
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 10.12.2020
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 450 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Camerin, Federico The role of the great property in the European City-Making Process in the last third of the 20th century
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2020
    DDC: 305.8
    Keywords: urban development ; urban history ; urban planning ; urban regeneration ; Hochschulschrift ; Europa ; Italien ; Stadtplanung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Stadtsanierung ; Urbanität
    Abstract: The thesis concerns a work of urban history intended not to describe the city but rather to interpret it. By doing so, I have interpreted the city by means of the role played by the so-called ‘great property’ in the European city-making process during the last three decades of the 20th century, specifically focused on the concrete case of military properties in Italy. I have also considered the role played by other kinds of great properties, i.e. industries and railway, which previously acted in the production of the built environment in a different way respect to the military one. As all of them have as common denominator the fact of being ‘capital in land’, I analysed great industrial and railway properties in order to extrapolate a methodology which helped me to interpret the relationship between military properties and city-making process in Europe in the late 20th century. I have analysed the relationship between the capital in land and the city-making process on the ground of the understanding the interrelation between the great property, the urban development, and the agents involved in the urban and territorial planning. Here I have showed that urban planning is not the decisive factor influencing the citymaking process, but instead the power held by the capital in land. I have found that is the great property the trigger of the creation of new ‘areas of centrality’ intended as large areas for consumerism. As far as the role played by great property is concerned, I have also discovered that it has evolved over time. Originally, industrial and railway properties have been regenerated into a wide range of new profit-driven spaces; successively, I have found out that most of the regeneration of military premises aimed to materialise areas of centrality. The way of interpreting this factor has been based on focusing my attention on the military premises in Italy: I have classified their typology when they have been built and, most importantly, when they have been regenerated into new areas of centrality.
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (349 Seiten, 15 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sung, Younkyoung Cultural Tourism and Social Resilience: Discourse of Historic Cities in East Germany, the Case of Gotha and Eisenach
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar 2020
    DDC: 306.48
    Keywords: City marketing ; Cultural tourism ; Heritage management ; Resilience ; Urban identity ; Hochschulschrift ; Stadtmarketing ; Stadtentwicklung
    Abstract: This thesis explores how cultural heritage plays a role in the development of urban identity by engaging both actively and passively with memory, i.e. remembering and forgetting. I argue that architectural heritage is a medium where specific cultural and social decisions form its way of presentation, and it reflects the values and interests of the period. By the process of remembering and forgetting, the meanings between inhabitant and object in urban environment are practiced, and the meanings are created. To enable the research in narrative observation, cultural tourism management is chosen as the main research object, which reflects the alteration of interaction between the architectural heritage and urban identity. Identifying the role of heritage management, the definition of social resilience and the prospects of cultural heritage as a means of social resilience are addressed. Case region of the research is East Ger- many, thereby, the study examines the distinct approaches and objectives regarding heritage management under the different political systems along the German reunification process. The framework is based on various theoretical paradigms to investigate the broad research questions: 1) What is the role of historic urban quarters in the revitalisation of East German towns? 2) How was the transition processed by cultural heritage management? 3) How did policy affect residents’ lives? The case study is applied to macro level (city level: Gotha and Eisenach) and micro level study (object level: specific heritage sites), to analyse the performance of selective remembering and making tourist destination through giving significance to specific heritage. By means of site observations, archival research, qualitative inter- views, photographs, and discourse analysis on printed tourism materials, the study demonstrates that certain sites and characteristics of the city enable creating and focusing messages, which aids the social resilience. Combining theory and empirical studies this thesis attempts to widen the academic discussion regarding the practice of remembering and forgetting driven by cultural heritage. The thesis argues for cultural heritage tourism as an element of social resilience and one that embraces the historic and cultural identity of the inhabitants.
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    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9783956505881 , 3956505883
    Language: English
    Pages: 296 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Kindheit - Familie - Pädagogik Band 4
    Series Statement: Kindheit - Familie - Pädagogik
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tolba, Nasser, 1984 - Student culture in a changing world
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2018
    DDC: 378.62
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ägypten ; Universität ; Arabischer Frühling ; Geschichte 2011 ; al- Faiyūm ; Arabischer Frühling ; Sozialer Wandel ; Student ; Kulturleben ; Geschichte 2011 ; Studentin ; Student ; Studium ; Universität ; Kultur
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  • 21
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 Seiten + Forschungsdaten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2019
    DDC: 306.44
    Keywords: Rumänisch ; Romanische Sprachen ; Sprachlenkung ; Sprachpolitik ; Mehrsprachigkeit ; Hochschulschrift ; Moldawien ; Rumänisch
    Abstract: Mit der geschrieben Sprache im öffentlichen Raum – oder „Linguistic Landscape“ – in der Republik Moldau beschäftigt sich die vorliegende Arbeit. Seit der Unabhängigkeit des Landes von der Sowjetunion (1991), setzt sich staatliche Sprachpolitik für den Gebrauch von Rumänisch in allen Lebensbereichen ein. Dies steht im Gegensatz zur Sprachpolitik zu Sowjetzeiten, als das Russische besonders in den Bereichen Verwaltung und Bildung vorherrschend war und die Grundlage für sozialen Aufstieg darstellte. Auch im letzten Zensus (2014) gaben rund 15% der Bevölkerung an, für gewöhnlich russisch zu sprechen. Besonders Angehörige nationaler Minderheiten verwenden im Alltag nicht ihre jeweilige Erste Sprache, sondern Russisch. In Mitten dieses Spannungsfeldes wird in der vorliegen Arbeit untersucht, wie sich die aktuelle Sprachpolitik, sowie die sprachliche Vielfalt wie sie aus Zensus Daten hervorgeht, in der Linguistic Landscape der Republik Moldau widerspiegelt. Dafür wurden in der Hauptstadt Chişinău (Sector Centru und Sector Botanica), der mittelgroßen Stadt Bălți und der Kleinstadt Făleşti Linguistic Landcape Analysen durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden dafür 1113 Schilder in den Zentren der drei unterschiedlich großen Orte erhoben und bezüglich der Faktoren „Sprachgebrauch“, „Autor“, „Ethnolinguistic Vitality Score“, „Größe/Haltbarkeit“ und „Thema“ analysiert. Als Resultat dessen wurde deutlich, dass rumänisch die die dominierende Sprache im öffentlichen Raum ist und die Sprachpolitik in dem Sinne erfolgreich zu sein scheint. Dies ist auch anzunehmen, da das Russische im direkten Vergleich mit einer vorherigen Studie (Muth, 2013) rückläufig zu sein scheint. Lokale Minderheitensprachen, wie Ukrainisch, hingegen erscheinen in der Linguistic Landscape der Erhebungsorte unsichtbar zu sein. Dieser Befund zeigt an, dass geschriebene Sprache kein Identitätsmerkmal der lokalen Minderheiten zu sein scheint und der Status der Minderheitensprachen niedrig ist. Anders gelagert wirkt die Situation des Englischen, das, obwohl nicht durch offizielle Sprachpolitik gefördert und keine lokale Minderheitensprache, an allen Untersuchungsorten präsent ist.
    Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher Sprache
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  • 22
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (219 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Souza Fernandes, Hiram, 1985 - Urban social movements and their struggles towards the "right to the city"
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2018
    DDC: 307.7609
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Stadtforschung ; Soziale Bewegung ; Deutschland ; Hamburg ; Brasilien
    Abstract: In the present work, the main objective is to understand the geographical constructions of urban social movements in relation to the production of the urban space in Recife (Brazil) and Hamburg (Germany), with the purpose of fighting for democratic urban life for all. This struggle is represented by the idea of the “right to the city”. This idea was worked out by Henri Lefebvre after the events in May 1968 in Europe that set a milestone in the history of the twentieth century. These movements sought to collect solutions for the existential crisis that plagued urban environments, and which the political-economic system based on Keynesianism was no longer able to solve. With the development of neoliberalism—the progress of the processes of globalization and urbanization—the existential crisis of human society worsened. Segregation, fragmentation, poverty, violence, hopelessness, and helplessness are the backdrop for a greater part of humanity at the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the twenty-first century. Urban social movements were always present during these periods, constituting themselves as indispensable social actors in shaping society. In some regional contexts, such as Latin America, these social movements were harshly repressed and violently opposed by authoritarian regimes. However, with the stagnation of the economy and the unsustainability of the existential urban crisis that swept across the globe, neoliberalism began to collapse at the beginning of the twenty-first century, and therefore, the role of social movements in this context becomes increasingly important. Considering that both the state and the market have failed to manage society, these urban social movements are now reclaiming and demanding the control and management of their own lives and fates. This is the core of this research: understand and reflect on the new strategies of action of these urban social movements towards the right to the city.
    Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 23
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 211 Blätter , Illustrationen, Diagramme , 29,5 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Souza Fernandes, Hiram, 1985 - Urban social movements and their struggles towards the "right to the city"
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2018
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Deutschland ; Hamburg ; Brasilien ; Soziale Bewegung ; Stadtforschung
    Abstract: In the present work, the main objective is to understand the geographical constructions of urban social movements in relation to the production of the urban space in Recife (Brazil) and Hamburg (Germany), with the purpose of fighting for democratic urban life for all. This struggle is represented by the idea of the “right to the city”. This idea was worked out by Henri Lefebvre after the events in May 1968 in Europe that set a milestone in the history of the twentieth century. These movements sought to collect solutions for the existential crisis that plagued urban environments, and which the political-economic system based on Keynesianism was no longer able to solve. With the development of neoliberalism—the progress of the processes of globalization and urbanization—the existential crisis of human society worsened. Segregation, fragmentation, poverty, violence, hopelessness, and helplessness are the backdrop for a greater part of humanity at the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the twenty-first century. Urban social movements were always present during these periods, constituting themselves as indispensable social actors in shaping society. In some regional contexts, such as Latin America, these social movements were harshly repressed and violently opposed by authoritarian regimes. However, with the stagnation of the economy and the unsustainability of the existential urban crisis that swept across the globe, neoliberalism began to collapse at the beginning of the twenty-first century, and therefore, the role of social movements in this context becomes increasingly important. Considering that both the state and the market have failed to manage society, these urban social movements are now reclaiming and demanding the control and management of their own lives and fates. This is the core of this research: understand and reflect on the new strategies of action of these urban social movements towards the right to the city.
    Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: 264 Seiten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skivko, Maria Fashion in the city and the city in fashion
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Fakultät Architektur und Urbanistik 2018
    Keywords: Fashion studies ; Hochschulschrift ; Mode ; Stadt ; Gesellschaft ; Modezeitschrift ; Urbanität ; Stadt
    Abstract: This dissertation concerns the changing role of fashion in the context of modern cities. In approaching this process, the research investigates the media discourse based on representations of fashion by cities and of cities by fashion. Moreover, this research focuses on fashion understood as a multidimensional phenomenon that aims to provide an explanation of urban spaces through fashion terms, actions, and garments. Additionally, cities are considered from the cultural geography approach that highlights the cultural component of urban spaces expressed in social and cultural practices in physical reality. Following this idea, it is suggested here that fashion today not only participates in the urban life as its significant component but also creates city images and representations of urban lifestyle through the fashion paradigm. In other words, fashion redefines urban spaces; at the same time, urban spaces are interpreted as a stage for fashion processes. By integrating in social research the fields of urban studies and fashion studies, this dissertation offers the discussion considering the fashion phenomenon not only as an urban phenomenon of modern reality. On the one hand, such discussion concerns the re-conceptualization of urban phenomena by the fashion influence; on the other hand, it relates the re-contextualization of fashion in a city. The empirical focus is based on the media context of fashion magazines in which variety of possibilities to represent fashion and cities lead to promising interpretations and analysis. The idea of representation specifies the ways of constructing the notion of urban space as fashionable space and the notion of fashion as placed in the urban context.
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: 211 Blätter , Diagramme , 29,5 cm
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2018
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Außenhandel ; Ernährungssicherung ; Institutionelle Infrastruktur ; Einkommensverteilung ; Environmental Kuznets Curve ; Globalisierung ; Bildungsniveau ; Subsahara-Afrika ; Hochschulschrift ; Handel ; Lebensqualität ; Subsaharisches Afrika
    Note: Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprache
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783831646456
    Language: English
    Pages: 290 Seiten , Illustrationen , 21 cm
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Berdine, Michael D. From Heart of Stone to Heart of Flesh: Evolutionary Journey from Extremism to Moderation, Zeina M. Barakat, Herbert Utz Verlag, 2017 (ISBN 978-3-8316-4645-6), xxi + 290 pp., hb €59 2019
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Wüstenberg, Ralf K., 1965 - From Heart of Stone to Heart of Flesh: Evolutionary Journey from Extremism to Moderation 2018
    Series Statement: Ta ethika Band 17
    Series Statement: Ta ethika
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2016
    DDC: 303.66092
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Daoudi, Mohammed S. 1946- ; Palästinafrage ; Radikalismus ; Transformation ; Versöhnung ; Friedensarbeit ; Angewandte Ethik ; Konfliktbewältigung ; Versöhnung ; Nahostkonflikt
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 271-290
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  • 27
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Prasetio, Eko Agus, 1972 - Investigating the influence of network effects on disruptive technologies in social networks
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2017
    DDC: 303.483
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Social Media ; Innovation ; Technologie
    Abstract: The main purpose of this doctoral thesis is to investigate the probability of technological disruption when network effects are present. It also investigates how consumer network structures, the social networks connecting consumers to each other, influence the potential for such disruption. The manner in which consumer network structures influence such technological disruption forms the subject of this investigation. The model and simulated influence of network effects assumes the inter-connectedness of all consumers within the population and the existence of a complete network. This assumption is tempered by consideration of the different ways in which consumers connect to each other within social networks, i.e. regular, lattice, small-world, and random networks characterized by clustering and path length properties. Even within the case of strong network effects, a consumer network characterized by high clustering and long path length provides favorable conditions for new potentially disruptive technology to survive in niche groups. Regular and small-world networks with few shortcuts fall within this category, whereas random networks that exhibit low clustering and short path-length properties favor established technology. Even under the favorable conditions of consumer network structures, a firm introduces a new, potentially disruptive technology requiring the creation of a critical mass if it is to enter the mainstream sector. The empirical section of this doctoral thesis identifies determinants of technology acceptance characterized by disruptiveness and network effects. The Theory of Planned Behavior and the Technology Acceptance Model provide a basis for the proposed model. An online survey was administered, while crowdsourcing together with social media were utilized to collect primary data on German and Indonesian users’ acceptance of technologies or applications in long-distance calls. The expected current and future number of users, representative of the technology’s installed base, were found to be positively and significantly (albeit indirectly) related to their intention to use the technology. Perceptions of affordability and ease of use were also positively and significantly related to the attitude toward using which subsequently had an important relationship with an individual’s intention to employ the technology.
    Note: Verteidigung am 06.09.2017 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 28
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hechler, Stefanie, 1985 - Cooperation in social groups
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2016
    DDC: 303.3
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Verhaltenspsychologie ; Sozialpsychologie
    Abstract: The present dissertation examines the influence of self-involvement with perpetrators and victims on third-party reactions to deviants. Dealing with others’ social behaviors regulates social life and successful cooperation between interaction partners. Third-party reactions to deviants are sensitive to group context, and thereby more likely to protect ingroup interests. Such biased reactions raise the question of how much they are triggered by involvement (i.e., shared group membership, empathy) with perpetrators or victims of deviance. Three reported lines of research extend the current knowledge on cognitive (memory), emotional (anger), and behavioral (punishment) reactions to deviance within and between social groups. Research Line I examined whether accurate memory for persons’ social behavior is group-specific. The reported studies show that deviant ingroup members are remembered better than other ingroup and outgroup members (uncooperative or cheating). Guessing behavior indicates that participants assumed more cooperative ingroup members than outgroup members. Research Line II investigated whether involvement with victims is crucial for anger about deviance. Results show that the wrongfulness (i.e., perpetrator’s intentions) elicits more anger than the harmfulness (i.e., consequences for a cared-for-other) of deviance. Research Line III examined how involvement with perpetrators or victims influences anger and punishment of deviance. Anger and (altruistic) punishment emerge consistently as responses to unfairness, even in outgroup interactions. Negative reactions to ingroup perpetrators and victims varies with the contextual settings of the studies. Taken together, memory, anger, and punishment are sensitive to perpetrators’ and victims’ group memberships, and also emerge irrespective of self-involvement. The discussion addresses how such reactions facilitate social life and cooperation in groups.
    Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 29
    Language: English , German
    Pages: ii, 271 Seiten , 29,5 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dittrich, Hana, 1983 - Self, embodiment and sociality
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2016
    DDC: 299.93
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; New Age ; Holismus ; Soziale Identität
    Abstract: This dissertation is based on a qualitative enquiry into the beliefs and practices found in Holistic (New Age) spirituality. This ethnographic research took place within New Age centers in the Czech Republic and Germany. It utilized semi-structured interviews with long-term visitors of the centers and therapists and participatory observation was used to study spiritual practices in a holistic milieu. I deal with the question of how New Age practitioners relate to their own selves, their bodies and to others, examining the role of individualism and collectivism in New Age’s holistic spiritual milieu. Holistic spirituality is often described in sociological literature as an individualized, privatized or even narcissistic form of religiosity. Opposing accounts suggest that relating to others plays an important role in a holistic milieu, but how this sociability is manifested in everyday life has not been described in detail. This dissertation aims to fill in this gap and suggests how the "paradox" of emphasizing one's self while demonstrating solidarity with others is possible in reality. While it is true that New Age practitioners pay great attention to their own selves, it is important how the self is conceived. Embodiment is taken into account, while bodywork plays a crucial role in New Age and body is an important means of enabling social interaction. I elaborate how New Age practitioners apply various reflexive body techniques (Nick Crossley) in order to modify and reshape their bodily habitus and cultivate various bodily competences. I relate the findings of the study to a more general topic: transformation of the forms of sociality in contemporary individualized society. I utilize the concepts of resonance (Hartmut Rosa) and porous and buffered self (Charles Taylor) as the main sensitizing concepts.
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 03.11.2016 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 30
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dittrich, Hana, 1983 - Self, embodiment and sociality
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2016
    DDC: 299.93
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; New Age ; Holismus ; Soziale Identität
    Abstract: This dissertation is based on a qualitative enquiry into the beliefs and practices found in Holistic (New Age) spirituality. This ethnographic research took place within New Age centers in the Czech Republic and Germany. It utilized semi-structured interviews with long-term visitors of the centers and therapists and participatory observation was used to study spiritual practices in a holistic milieu. I deal with the question of how New Age practitioners relate to their own selves, their bodies and to others, examining the role of individualism and collectivism in New Age’s holistic spiritual milieu. Holistic spirituality is often described in sociological literature as an individualized, privatized or even narcissistic form of religiosity. Opposing accounts suggest that relating to others plays an important role in a holistic milieu, but how this sociability is manifested in everyday life has not been described in detail. This dissertation aims to fill in this gap and suggests how the "paradox" of emphasizing one's self while demonstrating solidarity with others is possible in reality. While it is true that New Age practitioners pay great attention to their own selves, it is important how the self is conceived. Embodiment is taken into account, while bodywork plays a crucial role in New Age and body is an important means of enabling social interaction. I elaborate how New Age practitioners apply various reflexive body techniques (Nick Crossley) in order to modify and reshape their bodily habitus and cultivate various bodily competences. I relate the findings of the study to a more general topic: transformation of the forms of sociality in contemporary individualized society. I utilize the concepts of resonance (Hartmut Rosa) and porous and buffered self (Charles Taylor) as the main sensitizing concepts.
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 03.11.2016 , Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: 145 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2016
    DDC: 304.230842
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Entwicklungspsychologie ; Regionale Identität ; Heranwachsender ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Entwicklungspsychologie ; Heranwachsender ; Regionale Identität
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 213 S. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 24 cm
    Dissertation note: Tilburg, Univ., Diss., 2014
    DDC: 306.4320943
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Deutschland ; Einwanderer ; Jugend ; Akkulturation ; Schulerfolg
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (197 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Volland, Benjamin, 1979 - Some economic consequences of human biology
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2013
    DDC: 390
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswissenschaft ; Konsumentenverhalten ; Verhaltensökonomik ; Hochschulschrift ; Wirtschaftswissenschaften ; Verbraucherverhalten ; Präferenz ; Humanbiologie
    Abstract: It is largely undisputed within the social sciences that genes, which influence human motivation and behavior must have been subject to the forces of natural selection in the same manner as genes, which determine physical traits and characteristics. In contrast, much less agreement has been achieved on the question whether and if so how this information could be gainfully employed to explain human behavior in general, and facets of economic behavior in particular. One reason for this state of affairs is the lack of economic research confronting hypotheses derived from insights on human biology with real world data. Within the scope of this thesis it is, therefore, aimed to provide an empirical assessment of how innate human dispositions and the economic system interact to generate some important behavioral phenotypes and patterns. Its main focus is on the motivational foundations of preferences and their effects on economic outcomes. However, other aspects of this relationship are also considered. Chapter one introduces the research question and frames it with respect to the relevant literature. Chapter two investigates the implications of the human reproductive system for preference formation and inter-individual variation in preferences. Subject of the ensuing third chapter are the consequences of universally shared human dispositions for the (observed) temporal stability of consumption behavior. Chapter four examines the corollaries of preference dynamics to the derivation of policy implications from empirical research. Finally, chapter five takes a look at the detrimental consequences arising from human mal-adaptations to the current economic environment. Chapter six concludes. Despite emphasizing various aspects in different chapters, the connective element of this thesis is the interest in the way, insights into human biology can be utilized to understand human economic activity.
    Note: Zsfassung in dt. Sprache , ThULB Jena
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (289 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kuklys, Mindaugas, 1974 - Transformation of parliamentary elites
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2013
    DDC: 306.2309479
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Baltikum ; Systemtransformation ; Parlament ; Politische Elite ; Längsschnittuntersuchung ; Estland ; Lettland ; Litauen ; Abgeordneter ; Geschichte 1990-2012 ; Estland ; Lettland ; Litauen ; Parlament ; Abgeordneter ; Geschichte 1990-2012
    Abstract: Die erste vergleichende Längsschnittstudie über die parlamentarischen Eliten untersucht auf der Basis der 21 zwischen 1990 und 2012 gewählten Nationalparlamente von Estland, Lettland und Litauen sowohl Prozesse der individuellen als auch der strukturellen Elitenzirkulation. Die individuelle Elitenzirkulation variiert in den baltischen Staaten in ihrem Ausmaß und ihrer Häufigkeit, obgleich sich Art und Weise des Elitenwechsels nicht unterscheiden. Die Variation erklärt sich vor allem durch die Volatilität auf der Angebotsseite und die Pfad-Abhängigkeit (die Länge des sowjetischen Regimes). Die strukturelle Elitenzirkulation lässt in vielerlei Hinsicht eine Transformation der sozialen und politischen Profile von Abgeordneten in Estland, Lettland und Litauen erkennen, wenngleich einzelne Befunde auf eine Kontinuität (Elitenreproduktion) hindeuten. Die Transformation der politischen Eliten ist im Baltikum durch die Abfolge zweier Generationen von Parlamentariern charakterisiert: Auf die Transitionseliten während der frühen Demokratisierungsphase in den 1990er Jahren folgten die Post-Transitionseliten. Diese beiden Abgeordentengenerationen unterscheiden sich nicht nur hinsichtich ihrer vorparlamentarischen demokratischen politischen Erfahrung, sondern auch in ihrem beruflichen Hintergrund und bezüglich des Geschlechts (stärkere Repräsentation von Frauen). Ungeachtet der fortbestehenden Volatilität der Angebotsseite lassen die Befunde Tendenzen einer politischen Professionalisierung der Parlamentarier in Estland, Lettland und Litauen erkennen. Die Turnover-Raten sind in jedem der drei Länder schon mindestens einmal auf die Werte der etablierten westlichen Demokratien gesunken, wenngleich sie auf diesem niedrigen Niveau nicht verblieben. Dieser kann trotzdem als Indikator für eine parlamentarische Institutionalisierung im Sinne Polsbys (1968) verstanden werden und erleichtert zudem die parlamentarische Sozialisation neuer Repräsentationseliten.
    Note: Volltext als pdf-file: , ThULB Jena
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Oettingen, Maria von, 1983 - What they think matters!
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2012
    DDC: 302.4
    Keywords: Gruppe ; Identifikation ; Minderheit ; Mehrheit ; Hochschulschrift ; Sozialpsychologie ; Minderheit ; Gruppenbeziehung ; Soziale Identität
    Abstract: Superordinate groups serve as background against which group members evaluate their intergroup relation (Turner, Hogg, Oakes, Reicher, & Wetherell, 1987), whereby higher subgroup prototypicality seems desirable (Mummendey & Wenzel, 1999). This dissertation contributes to the study of superordinate groups by introducing the hitherto neglected role of ingroup members’ meta-perceptions, i.e. their beliefs of how the outgroup represents the superordinate group. By combining research on social power (Fiske, 1993) and threatened social identities (Shelton, Richeson, & Vorauer, 2006), meta-perceptions of the superordinate group are conceptualized as social identity threats that impact on intergroup relations. In addition, in focusing on ethnic minority-majority relations, this dissertation differentiates between two different types of identities among minority members (Phinney & Devich-Navarro, 1997).
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: 332 S. , graph. Darst. , 30 cm
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2012
    DDC: 303.48251
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; China ; Fernsehmarkt ; Fernsehsendung ; Ausland ; Akzeptanz ; Kulturkontakt ; China ; Fernsehen ; Kulturelle Identität ; Konvergenz
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (117 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Lücke, Bastian, 1979 - ʺYou should not or you must notʺ
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2011
    DDC: 302.4
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Gruppenverhalten ; Fremdgruppe ; Abweichendes Verhalten ; Strafe
    Abstract: A methodological paradigm has been suggested to address the basic research question of this research: Does the deviance from a minimal goal deal to a higher level of harm inflicted on members of a deviant OG than the deviance from a maximal goal? A number of methodological aspects have been implemented in this experimental paradigm. It is synergetic as different aspects of experimental games in general and the Public Goods Game in particular are used to address a multitude of these aspects: The use of experimental games most importantly ensures a highly controlled experimental environment while allowing at the same time the measurement of actual negative forms of behavior such as punishment and social exclusion. Slight modifications of a Public Goods Game can be used to manipulate participants ́representation of a superordinate goal as either minimal or maximal. The following chapter presents a series of experiments using this experimental paradigm in order to test the impact of a minimal versus a maximal superordinate goal on the infliction of harm on a deviant OG.
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (141 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Dissertation note: Magisterarbeit Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2011
    DDC: 304.8
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ehevermittlung ; Migration ; Frau ; Familienstruktur
    Abstract: This thesis gives an insight into German-Dominican matchmaking. Qualitative interviews with three agency owners and two German-Dominican couples provide the necessary data display the German-Dominican matchmaking business and describe the incentives of women and men to register at such an agency to find a foreign partner. The study firstly clarifies the development of and reasons for female Dominican migration, including the weakening of men as main financial provider within the families and the matrifocal family structure with a high number of female-headed households due to unstable relationships and new financial responsibilities of Dominican women. Migration is seen by Dominican women as broadening life and work opportunities and although most Dominican women migrate for labour, some decide to register at an international matchmaking agency which mediates relationships between Dominican women and German men. Such marriage migration via matchmaking agencies is a migratory pathway, which is almost exclusive to women and the images of feminity, used by the agencies to run their business will be presented. Furthermore, it will be discussed, if a marriage is seen as migration alternative or as a strategy by Dominican women.
    Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 39
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (263 Seiten) , graph. Darst
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Feuchte, Friederike, 1979 - Can we make a difference tomorrow?
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2010
    DDC: 303.66071
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Friedenserziehung ; Gruppe ; Fremdgruppe ; Prosoziales Verhalten ; Nachkriegszeit ; Liberianer ; Flüchtling
    Abstract: Implementierung und Wirksamkeit des Inter- Agency Peace Education Programme (INEE, 2002), kurz PEP, mit Liberianischen Flüchtlingen wurden untersucht. Nach Beschreibung und Analyse von Friedenserziehung im Nachkriegskontext sowie Geschichte und Lebenssituation von Liberianischen Flüchtlingen in Ghana folgen Analyse und empirische Evaluation des Friedenserziehungsprogramms. Studie 1 untersuchte die vollständigen 36-Stunden-Workshops mit einem Forschungsdesign aus pretest und posttest mit Kontrollgruppe. Es fanden sich die erwarteten Veränderungen in der Friedenserziehungsgruppe. Workshopteilnehmende zeigten nach ihrer Teilnahme mehr Wissen zu Konfliktlösungsstrategien, mehr Vertrauen und mehr Empathie. Zudem betonten sie ethnische Kategorisierung weniger, waren stärker zu Intergruppenkontakten bereit und erinnerten weniger Zwischenfälle, in denen sie sich als Opfer von gruppenbasierter Feindlichkeit erlebten. Darüber zeigten sie erhöhte Versöhnungsbereitschaft. 76% der Teilnehmenden zeigten überwiegend positive Veränderungen. Stark traumatisierte Teilnehmende scheinen andere Aspekte ihrer Fremdgruppeneinstellungen zu verändern als weniger traumatisierte. Studie 2 untersuchte gekürzte Versionen von PEP sowie ein vor Ort entwickelten Friedensprogramm. Es zeigte sich, dass 9 Stunden Friedenserziehung weniger wirksam war. Nur bezüglich prosozialer Einstellungen fand sich ein Unterschied zwischen den Veränderungen in PEP-workshops und der vor Ort entwickelten Friedenserziehung: Empathie zeigte einen Trend, sich bei PEP zu erhöhen, doch beim lokalen Programm abzunehmen. Vertrauen nahm in beiden Gruppen zu, ebenso die Positivität der Fremdgruppeneinschätzung, in der PEP-Gruppe.
    Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ebert, Irena D., 1978 - Don't be afraid! Competent women are great
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2010
    DDC: 305.3
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Geschlechterstereotyp ; Frau ; Geschlechterrolle ; Interpersonale Wahrnehmung ; Kompetenz ; IAT
    Abstract: Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit ist der viel zitierte Befund, dass Frauen auf einer allgemein-evaluativen Ebene positiver bewertet werden als Männer (Women-are-wonderful-Effekt, Eagly & Mladinic, 1989). In den vorgestellten Studien wurden implizite Maße verwendet, da ein Umgehen sozialer Erwünschtheitsprozesse sowie die Vermeidung von Verzerrungen aufgrund mangelnder Introspektionsfähigkeit besonders bei der Erforschung von Geschlechterfragen sinnvoll erscheinen. Zunächst wurden gegenwärtige implizite Geschlechterstereotype untersucht. Verschiedene implizite Maße zeigten, dass sowohl Männer als auch Frauen mit Kompetenz assoziiert werden, wohingegen ein Frauen-Wärme-Stereotyp weiterhin vorherrschend ist. Dieses Muster korrespondiert mit den aktuellen Geschlechterrollen unserer Gesellschaft, in der Frauen zunehmend kompetenz-assoziierte Rollen übernehmen, wohingegen ein entsprechender Zuwachs an Männern in wärme-assoziierten Rollen nicht zu verzeichnen ist (vgl. Soziale Rollentheorie, Eagly, 1987). Weiterhin wurden verschiedene Aspekte von Geschlechtereinstellungen untersucht. Überraschenderweise zeigte sich nicht nur eine positive Korrelation zwischen Frauen-Wärme-Assoziationen und der Präferenz für Frauen, sondern auch zwischen Frauen-Kompetenz-Assoziationen und der Präferenz für Frauen. Eine weitere Studie belegte, dass der Women-are-wonderful-Effekt ausgeprägter, im Vergleich zu einer Kontrollgruppe, sowohl dann vorliegt, nachdem ein traditionelles Frauenbild als auch dann, nachdem das Bild einer Karrierefrau aktiviert wurde. Eine abschließende Studie zeigte eine Umkehr des Women-are-wonderful-Effekts in einen Men-are-valuable-Effekt, wenn statt der allgemein-evaluativen Dimension die Dimension Respektʺ zugrunde gelegt wird. Die gewonnenen Befunde stimmen überein mit einer fortgeschrittenen, jedoch noch nicht abgeschlossenen Gleichberechtigung von Männern und Frauen in westlichen Gesellschaften.
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 140 Bl. , graph. Darst. , 29,5 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dolderer, Mirjam, 1978 - And yet they move
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2008
    DDC: 303.385
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Stereotyp ; Wandel
    Abstract: The present dissertation investigated whether information that deviates in one or the other direction from the stereotype is processed in the same way. Research on stereotype change so far has demonstrated that stereotype-incongruent exemplars of a category typically do not change a stereotype (subtypingʺ). Yet, we do not know whether this is also the case with exemplars which are more extreme than the stereotypical expectation, named supercongruent. Several studies within the present dissertation demonstrated that supercongruent exemplars are perceived as more typical than incongruent exemplars with the same amount of objective deviance from the prototype. Furthermore, supercongruent exemplars led to an assimilation of the stereotype, while incongruent exemplars by and large did not affect the stereotype.
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  • 42
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dolderer, Mirjam, 1978 - And yet they move
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2008
    DDC: 303.385
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Stereotyp ; Wandel
    Abstract: The present dissertation investigated whether information that deviates in one or the other direction from the stereotype is processed in the same way. Research on stereotype change so far has demonstrated that stereotype-incongruent exemplars of a category typically do not change a stereotype (subtypingʺ). Yet, we do not know whether this is also the case with exemplars which are more extreme than the stereotypical expectation, named supercongruent. Several studies within the present dissertation demonstrated that supercongruent exemplars are perceived as more typical than incongruent exemplars with the same amount of objective deviance from the prototype. Furthermore, supercongruent exemplars led to an assimilation of the stereotype, while incongruent exemplars by and large did not affect the stereotype.
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 134 Bl. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 29,5 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Geschke, Daniel, 1971 - Prejudice against and discrimination of asylum seekers
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2007
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Prejudice towards and discrimination of migrants are serious problems in our modern, globalised world. In the present doctoral thesis it was studied how negative attitudes of citizens towards asylum seekers relate to contact experiences, feelings of threat and acculturation orientations. A longitudinal field study with two measurement points was conducted with the German inhabitants (N = 70) of a neighbourhood where an asylum seekers refuge was soon to be opened. Directly before and six months after the opening of the refuge the attitudes (i.e., prejudice, negative emotions and discrimination intentions) of the locals towards the asylum seekers (and their contact experiences) were assessed with questionnaires. Several theoretical backgrounds were used for this study. First, drawing on theories from contact research, effects of three different kinds of contact were hypothesised. Improvements of attitudes towards migrants through mere contact (mere presence of the newcomers), personal contact (own contact experiences) and extended contact (knowledge of neighbours’ contact experiences) were analysed and compared. Secondly, perceptions of realistic and symbolic intergroup threat were related to outgroup attitudes. While some theories take stable personality traits (such as Authoritarianism or prejudice) as causal predictors of threat perceptions, other theories, such as the Integrated Threat Model, take threat perceptions as causal antecedents of prejudice.
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  • 44
    Language: German , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gleibs, Ilka Helene, 1978 - The time they are a-changing
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2007
    DDC: 302.4
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Fusion ; Inter-Gruppenbeziehung ; Eigengruppe ; Einstellung ; Auswirkung ; Identifikation
    Abstract: The objective of the present thesis was to investigate organisational members’ reactions to change as result of a merger. How do people react when their own group’s content and composition changes? How does that affect the extent to which they define themselves as members of the (new) group, and think as well as act in terms of that group membership? The scope of the study was to extend previous intergroup research on mergers (e.g., Haslam, 2001; Terry, 2001) by understanding changing identification processes and intergroup relations as two aspects that play a key role in merger adjustment. Thereby, special emphasis was put on change and the dynamic nature of social psychological processes. I applied a longitudinal design to examine an ongoing higher education merger that involved a university and a polytechnic.
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Harth, Nicole Syringa, 1977 - Social, sniffy, or guilty?
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2007
    DDC: 302.4
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: This dissertation dealt with the question how members of relative advantaged groups experience inter-group inequality in terms of emotions. In bringing together research on social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979), relative deprivation theory (e.g., H.J. Smith & Kessler, 2004), and theory of group-based emotions (E.R. Smith, 1993, 1999), it has been reasoned that there are different ways in which the relative advantaged experience inequality. It was assumed that emotions serve as explanations of whether the advantaged are likely to promote or hinder social change. Five studies manipulated the dimensions of focus and legitimacy (cf. Leach, Snider, & Iyer, 2002) to distinguish the group-based emotions of pride, existential guilt, pity, and sympathy about inter-group inequality: As predicted, pride was especially intense when in-group advantage was legitimate, whereas existential guilt was most intense when in-group advantage was illegitimate. Sympathy was most intense when outgroup disadvantage was illegitimate; the results for pity, however, were mixed. The strongest findings concerning behavioral tendencies were found for pride and sympathy: The more intense pride was, the more the advantaged tried to affirm inequality. By contrast, sympathy motivated support of the disadvantaged and the challenge of inequality. These results show the specificity of emotions experienced about inter-group inequality.
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (89 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bianchi, Mauro, 1973 - What do you mean by european?
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2007
    DDC: 305
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Gruppe ; Sozialer Konflikt ; Eigengruppe ; Fremdgruppe ; Beurteilung ; Konfliktlösung ; Eigengruppe ; Fremdgruppe
    Abstract: According to the Ingroup Projection Model (Mummendey & Wenzel, 1999), people who belong to a group tend to generalize typical ingroup characteristics to the superordinate category. That is, they project ingroup features onto the inclusive category. As a consequence of this process, the more group members perceive their ingroup as prototypical for the inclusive category the more the attitudes towards an outgroup become negative (Waldzus & Mummendey, 2004). In my dissertation, evidence was found for a spontaneous ingroup projectionʺ, that is, an association between a superordinate category prime and the ingroup instead of the outgroup prototype. In order to examine the process of ingroup projection at the implicit level, I decided to rely on sequential priming techniques. These techniques have been used in the context of research on implicit stereotyping precisely because they provide strong tests for the existence of an association between two concepts (Bargh & Chartrand, 2000). Specifically, I adapted a procedure from Wittenbrink, Judd and Park (1997). In Experiment 1 (N=95), it has been examined whether there was a spontaneous association between a superordinate category and the ingroup or the outgroup stereotypes. Concretely, it has been tested whether a superordinate category prime, namely European, facilitated the processing of ingroup rather than outgroup stereotypical attributes in two different populations, namely Italian and German undergraduate students. Research rooted in Self-Categorization Theory (Turner et al., 1987) highlighted that what is believed to be true of the ingroup depends on the particular frame of reference participants are embedded. With experiment 2 (N=42), 3 (N=81), and 4 (N=53), my goal was to investigate the process of spontaneous ingroup projection in the absence of an inter-group context and to compare this soloʺ situation (i.e., intra-group context) with a situation in which the ingroup is compared with an other group i.e., inter-group context). Interestingly, research shows that stereotyping can be context-sensitive (Wittenbrink, Judd, & Park, 2001).
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (134 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Geschke, Daniel, 1971 - Prejudice against and discrimination of asylum seekers
    Dissertation note: Jena, Univ., Diss., 2007
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Prejudice towards and discrimination of migrants are serious problems in our modern, globalised world. In the present doctoral thesis it was studied how negative attitudes of citizens towards asylum seekers relate to contact experiences, feelings of threat and acculturation orientations. A longitudinal field study with two measurement points was conducted with the German inhabitants (N = 70) of a neighbourhood where an asylum seekers refuge was soon to be opened. Directly before and six months after the opening of the refuge the attitudes (i.e., prejudice, negative emotions and discrimination intentions) of the locals towards the asylum seekers (and their contact experiences) were assessed with questionnaires. Several theoretical backgrounds were used for this study. First, drawing on theories from contact research, effects of three different kinds of contact were hypothesised. Improvements of attitudes towards migrants through mere contact (mere presence of the newcomers), personal contact (own contact experiences) and extended contact (knowledge of neighbours’ contact experiences) were analysed and compared. Secondly, perceptions of realistic and symbolic intergroup threat were related to outgroup attitudes. While some theories take stable personality traits (such as Authoritarianism or prejudice) as causal predictors of threat perceptions, other theories, such as the Integrated Threat Model, take threat perceptions as causal antecedents of prejudice.
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  • 48
    Language: English , German
    Pages: 329 Seiten , Diagramme , 29 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Helbig, Muriel Kim, 1975 - To be, or not to be ... german, russian, or ethnic german
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2006
    DDC: 305.89171043
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Deutschland ; Einwanderung ; Jugend ; Ethnische Identität
    Abstract: Immigration is a stressful event for any individual; even more so in adolescence. The teenage years are regarded as a critical period during which adolescents usually struggle with determining their identity, asking themselves who they are and who they want to be (ethnic self-labels). The aim of this dissertation was to answer the following two main questions: One, how do contextual and individual factors correlate with the formation of (multiple) ethnic self-labels? And two, are these ethnic self-labels related to acculturative outcomes, such as depressive symptoms and delinquent behavior? Altogether, 968 adolescents of the first generation age twelve to 19 participated in this questionnaire study. Those with higher ratings on the successful immigration variables were adolescents that included the German category in their label (German,ʺ German-Russian,ʺ and German-ethnic Germanʺ). Adolescents labeling themselves as Russian,ʺ German-Russian,ʺ or Noneʺ reported less parental knowledge, a sign of less successful immigration. Interestingly, the effect of perceived discrimination played no significant, and length of residency only a minor role. Adolescent ascribing themselves to the Germanʺ label reported fewer depressive symptoms and less delinquent behavior than all others. Adolescents labeling themselves as Noneʺ reported the most depressive symptoms and adolescents labeling themselves as Russianʺ the most delinquent behavior. The results of this dissertation underline the importance of a sense of belonging to Germany for adolescent ethnic Germans.
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (329 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Helbig, Muriel Kim, 1975 - To be, or not to be ... german, russian, or ethnic german
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2006
    DDC: 305.89171043
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Deutschland ; Einwanderung ; Jugend ; Ethnische Identität
    Abstract: Immigration is a stressful event for any individual; even more so in adolescence. The teenage years are regarded as a critical period during which adolescents usually struggle with determining their identity, asking themselves who they are and who they want to be (ethnic self-labels). The aim of this dissertation was to answer the following two main questions: One, how do contextual and individual factors correlate with the formation of (multiple) ethnic self-labels? And two, are these ethnic self-labels related to acculturative outcomes, such as depressive symptoms and delinquent behavior? Altogether, 968 adolescents of the first generation age twelve to 19 participated in this questionnaire study. Those with higher ratings on the successful immigration variables were adolescents that included the German category in their label (German,ʺ German-Russian,ʺ and German-ethnic Germanʺ). Adolescents labeling themselves as Russian,ʺ German-Russian,ʺ or Noneʺ reported less parental knowledge, a sign of less successful immigration. Interestingly, the effect of perceived discrimination played no significant, and length of residency only a minor role. Adolescent ascribing themselves to the Germanʺ label reported fewer depressive symptoms and less delinquent behavior than all others. Adolescents labeling themselves as Noneʺ reported the most depressive symptoms and adolescents labeling themselves as Russianʺ the most delinquent behavior. The results of this dissertation underline the importance of a sense of belonging to Germany for adolescent ethnic Germans.
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 189 Seiten , Diagramme , 29 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jacoby, Johann, 1975 - Punishing 'them' harder?
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2006
    DDC: 302
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Normverletzung ; Gruppenmitglied ; Eigengruppe ; Fremdgruppe ; Beurteilung ; Strafe
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation berichtet Untersuchungen zu Unterschieden in der Intensität von empfohlener Bestrafung in Abhängigkeit von Gruppenmitgliedschaft. Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass Strafimpulse bei Laien maßgeblich intuitiv-affektiv vermittelt werden, wurde vorhergesagt, dass a) für Täter, die Mitglied einer Eigengruppe sind relativ mildere Strafen empfohlen werden als für Fremdgruppenmitglieder und b) für Täter, die Mitglied einer a priori positiver bewerteten Gruppe sind, relativ mildere Strafen empfohlen werden als für Mitglieder von weniger positiv bewerteten Gruppen. Beide Hypothesen wurden in mehreren Studien getestet, die wegen inkonsistenter Ergebnisse in Metaanalysen zusammengefasst wurden. Die Ergebnisse waren teilweise konsistent mit Hypothese a) und deutlich vorhersagekonform mit Hypothese b), letzteres allerdings nur dann, wenn die TeilnehmerInnen sich in einem spontanaen Verarbeitungsmodus befanden. Schließlich wird der Black Sheep Effekt (Marques & Paez, 1994) diskutiert, der der Hypothese a) zu widersprechen scheint. Allerdings ist dieser Widerspruch teilweise scheinbar und ein dritter Teil testet hieraus resultierende Hypothesen in mehreren Studien. Tatsächlich findet eine integrierende Metaanalyse einen umgekehrten Black Sheep Effekt - konsistent mit Hypothese a). Nach statistischer Kontrolle eines durch die Manipulation induzierten Stereotyps jedoch kehrt sich das Muster wieder zum Black Sheep Effekt um.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: IX, 152 Bl. , graph. Darst. , 29 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schütte, Kerstin, 1975 - An affective route to outgroup derogation
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2006
    DDC: 302.4
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Inter-Gruppenbeziehung ; Fremdgruppe ; Aggressivität ; Beurteilung ; Gefühl
    Abstract: Outgroup derogation is explicitly negative treatment based on the target’s membership in a particular social category. The present thesis addressed a mechanism potentially underlying outgroup derogation. Outgroup derogation is intergroup behavior, thus it does not bear on the target’s individual characteristics or its individual behavior. At the same time, outgroup derogation can be performed by an aggressor who was not personally affected by the instigation of the aggressive behavior. Outgroup derogation covers a wide range of behaviors, extending from derisive remarks to genocide.
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schütte, Kerstin, 1975 - An affective route to outgroup derogation
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2006
    DDC: 302.4
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Inter-Gruppenbeziehung ; Fremdgruppe ; Aggressivität ; Beurteilung ; Gefühl
    Abstract: Outgroup derogation is explicitly negative treatment based on the target’s membership in a particular social category. The present thesis addressed a mechanism potentially underlying outgroup derogation. Outgroup derogation is intergroup behavior, thus it does not bear on the target’s individual characteristics or its individual behavior. At the same time, outgroup derogation can be performed by an aggressor who was not personally affected by the instigation of the aggressive behavior. Outgroup derogation covers a wide range of behaviors, extending from derisive remarks to genocide.
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jacoby, Johann, 1975 - Punishing 'them' harder?
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2006
    DDC: 302
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Normverletzung ; Gruppenmitglied ; Eigengruppe ; Fremdgruppe ; Beurteilung ; Strafe ; Normverletzung ; Gruppenmitglied ; Eigengruppe ; Fremdgruppe ; Beurteilung ; Strafe
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation berichtet Untersuchungen zu Unterschieden in der Intensität von empfohlener Bestrafung in Abhängigkeit von Gruppenmitgliedschaft. Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass Strafimpulse bei Laien maßgeblich intuitiv-affektiv vermittelt werden, wurde vorhergesagt, dass a) für Täter, die Mitglied einer Eigengruppe sind relativ mildere Strafen empfohlen werden als für Fremdgruppenmitglieder und b) für Täter, die Mitglied einer a priori positiver bewerteten Gruppe sind, relativ mildere Strafen empfohlen werden als für Mitglieder von weniger positiv bewerteten Gruppen. Beide Hypothesen wurden in mehreren Studien getestet, die wegen inkonsistenter Ergebnisse in Metaanalysen zusammengefasst wurden. Die Ergebnisse waren teilweise konsistent mit Hypothese a) und deutlich vorhersagekonform mit Hypothese b), letzteres allerdings nur dann, wenn die TeilnehmerInnen sich in einem spontanaen Verarbeitungsmodus befanden. Schließlich wird der Black Sheep Effekt (Marques & Paez, 1994) diskutiert, der der Hypothese a) zu widersprechen scheint. Allerdings ist dieser Widerspruch teilweise scheinbar und ein dritter Teil testet hieraus resultierende Hypothesen in mehreren Studien. Tatsächlich findet eine integrierende Metaanalyse einen umgekehrten Black Sheep Effekt - konsistent mit Hypothese a). Nach statistischer Kontrolle eines durch die Manipulation induzierten Stereotyps jedoch kehrt sich das Muster wieder zum Black Sheep Effekt um.
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (133 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hansen, Nina, 1974 - The impact of perceived legitimacy and social identification on self- and other-directed anger after experiencing social discrimination
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2005
    DDC: 305
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Diskriminierung ; Affekthandlung ; Depressivität ; Ärgernis ; Identifikation
    Abstract: Langfristig führt die Erfahrung von sozialer Diskriminierung zu negativen psychologischen und physiologischen Konsequenzen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, ein besseres Verständnis über die kurzfristigen affektiven Reaktionen auf soziale Diskriminierung zu erhalten, indem (1) das Entstehen von selbst- und fremd-gerichtetem Ärger sowie (2) der Einfluss von sozialer Identifikation und (3) von wahrgenommener Legitimität einer negativen gruppen-basierten Behandlung in diesem Kontext untersucht wurden. In fünf Studien wurde dieses Feld mit verschiedenen sozialen Gruppen und mit unterschiedlichen Methoden untersucht. Die Befunde zeigen, dass bei der Erfahrung von illegitim wahrgenommener sozialer Diskriminierung, soziale Identifikation das Individuum schützt: höhere soziale Identifikation führt zu niedrigerem selbst-gerichtetem Ärger. Dagegen führt höhere soziale Identifikation bei der Erfahrung von legitim wahrgenommener Differenzierung zu mehr selbst-gerichtetem Ärger und verletzt das Individuum somit. Die Bedeutung der Befunde für ein genaueres Verständnis vom Einfluss sozialer Identifikation auf affektive Reaktionen nach der Erfahrung einer negativen gruppen-basierten Behandlung wird diskutiert.
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (147 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Machunsky, Maya, 1976 - How we perceive us determines how we like you
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2005
    DDC: 302.3
    Keywords: Gruppenpsychologie ; Inter-Gruppenbeziehung ; Beurteilung ; Hochschulschrift ; Gruppenpsychologie ; Eigengruppe ; Inter-Gruppenbeziehung ; Wissensrepräsentation ; Beurteilung
    Abstract: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde untersucht, inwiefern die mentale Repräsentation der Eigengruppe die Favorisierung der Eigengruppe relativ zur Fremdgruppe beeinflusst. Die theoretische Grundlage bildet das Eigengruppenprojektionsmodell (Mummendey &Wenzel, 1999). Es wurde angenommen, dass mit steigender Variabilität und Komplexität der mentalen Eigengruppenrepräsentation die wahrgenommene Prototypikalität der Eigengruppe für eine übergeordnete Kategorie sinkt. Eine zweite Hypothese testet, ob der Zusammenhang zwischen relativer Eigengruppenprototypikalität und Eigengruppenfavorisierung mit steigender Variabilität und Komplexität der Eigengruppe sinkt. In vier experimentellen Studien wurden diese Hypothesen geprüft. Zusammengenommen bestätigen die Ergebnisse vor allem die zweite Hypothese.
    Note: Tag der Verteidigung: 15.12.2005
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 133 Blätter , Diagramme , 29 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hansen, Nina, 1974 - The impact of perceived legitimacy and social identification on self- and other-directed anger after experiencing social discrimination
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 2005
    DDC: 305
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Diskriminierung ; Affekthandlung ; Depressivität ; Ärgernis ; Identifikation
    Abstract: Langfristig führt die Erfahrung von sozialer Diskriminierung zu negativen psychologischen und physiologischen Konsequenzen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, ein besseres Verständnis über die kurzfristigen affektiven Reaktionen auf soziale Diskriminierung zu erhalten, indem (1) das Entstehen von selbst- und fremd-gerichtetem Ärger sowie (2) der Einfluss von sozialer Identifikation und (3) von wahrgenommener Legitimität einer negativen gruppen-basierten Behandlung in diesem Kontext untersucht wurden. In fünf Studien wurde dieses Feld mit verschiedenen sozialen Gruppen und mit unterschiedlichen Methoden untersucht. Die Befunde zeigen, dass bei der Erfahrung von illegitim wahrgenommener sozialer Diskriminierung, soziale Identifikation das Individuum schützt: höhere soziale Identifikation führt zu niedrigerem selbst-gerichtetem Ärger. Dagegen führt höhere soziale Identifikation bei der Erfahrung von legitim wahrgenommener Differenzierung zu mehr selbst-gerichtetem Ärger und verletzt das Individuum somit. Die Bedeutung der Befunde für ein genaueres Verständnis vom Einfluss sozialer Identifikation auf affektive Reaktionen nach der Erfahrung einer negativen gruppen-basierten Behandlung wird diskutiert.
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