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  • BSZ  (9)
  • Fetzer, James H.  (5)
  • Meusburger, Peter  (4)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (9)
  • Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401799607
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , color illustrations
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Knowledge and space / Klause Tschira symposia volume 7
    Series Statement: Knowledge and Space Ser. v.7
    Parallel Title: Print version Geographies of Knowledge and Power
    DDC: 306.4/2
    Keywords: Geography Social aspects ; Power (Social sciences) ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Industrial management ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Interest in relations between knowledge, power, and space has a long tradition in a range of disciplines, but it was reinvigorated in the last two decades through critical engagement with Foucault and Gramsci. This volume focuses on relations between knowledge and power. It shows why space is fundamental in any exercise of power and explains which roles various types of knowledge play in the acquisition, support, and legitimization of power. Topics include the control and manipulation of knowledge through centers of power in historical contexts, the geopolitics of knowledge about world politic
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; 1: Power, Knowledge, and Space: A Geographical Introduction; References; 2: Relations Between Knowledge and Power: An Overview of Research Questions and Concepts; No Power Without Knowledge, No Knowledge Without Power; Factual Knowledge and Orientation Knowledge: Differences Between Logos and Mythos; Factual Knowledge; Orientation Knowledge; Conceptions and Definitions of Power and Their Relationship to Knowledge; How Can Power Be Conceptualized and Defined?; How Can Relations Between Knowledge and Power Be Conceptualized and Explained?
    Description / Table of Contents: Asymmetry of Power Relations Can Factual Knowledge Be Clearly Differentiated from Orientation Knowledge?; Factual Knowledge and Power; Functions of Factual Knowledge in Acquiring and Retaining Power; The Search for Absolute Truth or Getting on in the Life World?; Orientation Knowledge and Power; What Functions Does Orientation Knowledge Have for a Social System?; The Role of Orientation Knowledge in the Construction of the Self and the Other; Orientation Knowledge and Moral Exclusion; With Which Methods Do Power Centers Influence the Creation and Spread of Knowledge?
    Description / Table of Contents: Manipulation of Epistemic Perspectives Control of Access to Information, Censorship of Information, Bibliocide, and Memorycide,; Manipulation of Public Attention; Subjectivity and Credibility of Experts; Crisis of Expertise?; Scholars as Instruments of Politics; Conclusion; References; 3: Enabling Knowledge; Knowledgeability and Democracy; Overview; The Terms; Theories of Democracy and Civil Society; Reconciling Democracy and Expertise; Reconciling Democracy and Knowledge as Property; Enabling Knowledge?; Concluding Remarks; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 4: Gabriel's Map: Cartography and Corpography in Modern WarI Would Rather Be in France . . .; The Optical War and Cartographic Vision; "Clockwork War" and the Mathematics of the Battlefield; The Corpography of the Slimescape; Conclusion; Coda; References; 5: Telling the Future: Reflections on the Status of Divination in Ancient Near Eastern Politics; References; 6: Who Gets the Past? The Changing Face of Islamic Authority and Religious Knowledge; Competing Claims to Authoritative Religious Knowledge; Public Islam and the Common Good; Public Islam and Modernity
    Description / Table of Contents: Religious and Secular Identities Authorities and Audiences; References; 7: "An Heavenly Kingdom Shall Descend": How Millennialism Spread from New England to the United States of America; Introduction; New England as a Millennial Seedbed; The Impact of the Great Awakening; The Apocalyptic Interpretation of American Wars; The United States as the Apocalyptic "New Order of the Ages"; Conclusion; References; 8: The Power of Words and the Tides of History: Reflections on Man and Nature and Silent Spring; Man and Nature: A Book and Its Reception; Man and Nature: The Fate and Power of Words
    Description / Table of Contents: Silent Spring: The Fate and Power of Words
    Note: "Klaus Tschira Stiftung gemeinnützige GmbH"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789401799607
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 347 p. 28 illus., 16 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Knowledge and Space, Klaus Tschira Symposia 7
    Series Statement: Knowledge and Space 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Knowledge and space
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Geographies of knowledge and power
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Religion ; Industrial management ; Political science ; Sociology ; Geography ; Wissen ; Macht ; Geografie ; Massenmedien ; Räumliche Identität ; Geopolitik ; Wissen
    Abstract: Interest in relations between knowledge, power, and space has a long tradition in a range of disciplines, but it was reinvigorated in the last two decades through critical engagement with Foucault and Gramsci. This volume focuses on relations between knowledge and power. It shows why space is fundamental in any exercise of power and explains which roles various types of knowledge play in the acquisition, support, and legitimization of power. Topics include the control and manipulation of knowledge through centers of power in historical contexts, the geopolitics of knowledge about world politics, media control in twentieth century, cartography in modern war, the power of words, the changing face of Islamic authority, and the role of Millennialism in the United States. This book offers insights from disciplines such as geography, anthropology, scientific theology, Assyriology, and communication science
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400761308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Knowledge and Space v.5
    Parallel Title: Print version Knowledge and the Economy
    DDC: 306.43
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Informationsgesellschaft ; Wissensintensives Unternehmen ; Regionalentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsgeografie ; Welt
    Abstract: The broad spectrum of topics surrounding what is termed the 'knowledge economy' has attracted increasing attention from the scientific community in recent years. The nature of knowledge-intensive industries, the spatiality of knowledge, the role of proximity and distance in generating functional knowledge, the transfer of knowledge via networks, and the complex interplay between knowledge, location and economic development are all live academic issues. This book, the fifth volume in Springer's Knowledge and Space series, focuses on the last of these: the multiple relationships between knowledg
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Contributors; Part I: Knowledge Creation and the Geography of the Economy; Chapter 1: Introduction: Knowledge and the Geography of the Economy; Knowledge and the Economy; Knowledge and Geography; The Structure of This Book; References; Chapter 2: Relations Between Knowledge and Economic Development: Some Methodological Considerations; Open Questions and Shortcomings in the Discussion on the Diffusion of Codified Knowledge; The Importance of Having a Lead in Information, Knowledge and Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Economic "Utility" of Literacy, Educational Attainment and Research in the Course of HistoryThe Spatial Dimension's Significance in the Generation and Diffusion of Knowledge; What Is the Added Value of Considering Spatial Structures and Contexts?; How Can a Milieu or Context of Action Be Defined?; Possible Conceptions of the Relations Between Milieu and Actor; How Relevant Are Spatial Proximity and Distance to the Generation of Knowledge? 5; The Significance of the Scale of Inquiry
    Description / Table of Contents: The Time Dimension's Significance in the Analysis of the Relation Between Knowledge and Economic DevelopmentConclusion; References; Chapter 3: A Microeconomic Approach to the Dynamics of Knowledge Creation; A Model of Collective Invention; Revisiting the Traditional Arrovian Hypotheses; The Vital Role of Knowing Communities; The Process of Collective Invention Viewed as a Codification Process; The Central Role of Boundary Spanners; The Stabilization Phase of the Process of Invention: Meeting the Traditional Conditions; The Respective Roles of Organizations, Individuals, and Communities
    Description / Table of Contents: The Process of Innovation Beyond the Phase of EmergenceSome Main Consequences of the Model of Collective Invention; The Consequences for the Interpretation of Property Rights; The Consequences in Terms of Creative Clusters; Conclusion; Appendix; References; Chapter 4: Knowledge Creation and the Geographies of Local, Global, and Virtual Buzz; The Role of Proximity and F2F Interaction; Permanent Co-presence in Clusters and Local Buzz; Organizational Co-presence in Global Networks; Temporary F2F Interaction and Global Buzz; CMC Versus F2F Collaboration in Groups and Corporations; Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: ReferencesChapter 5: Creativity: Who, How, Where?; Who Is Creative?; Cultural Industries and Creative Industries; Creative Organizations: How to Manage Creativity-Or at Least Facilitate It; Where Does Creativity Happen? Creative Places; Why Creativity Needs Cities; The Example of Google; Conclusions; References; Chapter 6: The Problem of Mobilizing Expertise at a Distance; Conceptualizing the Organizational Challenge of Knowledge Transfer; Trading off Organizational Coherence and Geographical Expansion; Know-Who: Networks of Personal Knowledge Transfer; The Case of MILECS; Data and Methods
    Description / Table of Contents: How Vulnerable Is the MILECS Knowledge Network?
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Cover
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789048189441
    Language: German
    Pages: VIII, 383 S. , Ill., graf. Darst., Kt. , 24 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Knowledge and space 4
    Series Statement: Knowledge and space
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cultural memories
    DDC: 306.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Anthropology ; Research.. ; Human geography ; Electronic books ; Collective memory ; Cross-cultural studies ; Collective memory ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kollektives Gedächtnis ; Geografie
    Abstract: Focusing on the role of spatiality and places, this volume explores cultural memories -- social constructions of the past which allow human beings to orient themselves in time and space. Theoretical considerations are presented, as well as three case studies that illustrate the concepts discussed.
    Abstract: Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I Theoretical Considerations -- Cultural Memories: An Introduction -- Text or Image? -- Power, Memory, and Public Space -- Locating Memory -- Content of the Book -- Note -- References -- Communicative and Cultural Memory -- Culture as Memory -- Time Frames -- Institutions, Carriers -- Note -- References -- Memory and Space in the Work of Maurice Halbwachs -- The "Social" Subject -- Memory "of" the Group? -- The Structure of Collective Frameworks -- "Physiognomy" as Territorialization -- Duration, Memory, History -- The "Implacement" of Frameworks -- Objects as Markers of Relationships -- Displacement, Disposal, and Forgetting -- Selfhood as Multiplicity -- Summary -- References -- Knowledge, Cultural Memory, and Politics -- Categories of Collective Memories -- Collective Memories and Politics -- Memory as a Component of Orientation Knowledge and Identity -- Power Elites as Ordainers of History -- Countermemories as Resilient Alternative Narratives Under the Pressure of Hegemonic ''Public'' Memory -- Variations of Historical Narratives and Collective Memories in Space and Time -- Old-Style "Memory Industry": Reliance on a Naïve Model of Communication? -- Collective Memories in Illiterate or Lowly Educated Societies -- New Skepticism and Sensitivity to National Propaganda, Eternal Truths, and Manichean Dichotomies -- Designers of Monuments and Curators of Museums: Reliance on a Simplistic Model of Communication? -- Manichean Morality as Its Own Nemesis -- Collective Memories and Political Reconciliation -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II Case Studies -- The Rütli in Switzerland: Minor Memory-Major Ambitions -- The Creation of the Place -- What Is the Status of This Specific Place in the Larger Field of Cultural Memories? -- What Does the Rtli Stand for? -- Postscript -- Notes -- References.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401009737
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 25
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy and science. ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence
    Abstract: An important collection of studies providing a fresh and original perspective on the nature of mind, including thoughtful and detailed arguments that explain why the prevailing paradigm - the computational conception of language and mentality - can no longer be sustained. An alternative approach is advanced, inspired by the work of Charles S. Peirce, according to which minds are sign-using (or `semiotic') systems, which in turn generates distinctions between different kinds of minds and overcomes problems that burden more familiar alternatives. Unlike conceptions of minds as machines, this novel approach has obvious evolutionary implications, where differences in semiotic abilities tend to distinguish the species. From this point of view, the scope and limits of computer and AI systems can be more adequately appraised and alternative accounts of consciousness and cognition can be more thoroughly criticised. Readership: Intermediate and advanced students of computer science, AI, cognitive science, and all students of the philosophy of the mind
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789401117937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 458 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Software engineering ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematical optimization
    Abstract: Among the most important problems confronting computer science is that of developing a paradigm appropriate to the discipline. Proponents of formal methods - such as John McCarthy, C.A.R. Hoare, and Edgar Dijkstra - have advanced the position that computing is a mathematical activity and that computer science should model itself after mathematics. Opponents of formal methods - by contrast, suggest that programming is the activity which is fundamental to computer science and that there are important differences that distinguish it from mathematics, which therefore cannot provide a suitable paradigm. Disagreement over the place of formal methods in computer science has recently arisen in the form of renewed interest in the nature and capacity of program verification as a method for establishing the reliability of software systems. A paper that appeared in Communications of the ACM entitled, `Program Verification: The Very Idea', by James H. Fetzer triggered an extended debate that has been discussed in several journals and that has endured for several years, engaging the interest of computer scientists (both theoretical and applied) and of other thinkers from a wide range of backgrounds who want to understand computer science as a domain of inquiry. The editors of this collection have brought together many of the most interesting and important studies that contribute to answering questions about the nature and the limits of computer science. These include early papers advocating the mathematical paradigm by McCarthy, Naur, R. Floyd, and Hoare (in Part I), others that elaborate the paradigm by Hoare, Meyer, Naur, and Scherlis and Scott (in Part II), challenges, limits and alternatives explored by C. Floyd, Smith, Blum, and Naur (in Part III), and recent work focusing on formal verification by DeMillo, Lipton, and Perlis, Fetzer, Cohn, and Colburn (in Part IV). It provides essential resources for further study. This volume will appeal to scientists, philosophers, and laypersons who want to understand the theoretical foundations of computer science and be appropriately positioned to evaluate the scope and limits of the discipline
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401137164
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 302 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Prologue -- Connectionism and Three Levels of Nativism -- I / Concepts and Content -- Explanation and the Language of Thought -- Conceptual Dependency as the Language of Thought -- Functionalism and Inverted Spectra -- Concepts and Conceptual Change -- Beyond the Exclusively Propositional Era -- II / Semantics and Knowledge -- Can Semantics by Syntactic? -- Form and Content in Semantics -- Knowledge and the Regularity Theory of Information -- Melancholic Epistemology -- Human Understanding -- Epilogue -- Framing the Frame Problem -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data-processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interest from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental powers of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimen­ tal, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The present volume reflects the kind of insights that can be obtained when research workers in philosophy, artificial intelligence, and computer science explore problems of common concern. The issues here tend to fall into two broad but varied sets, namely: those concerned with content and concepts, on the one hand, and those concerned with semantics and epistemology, on the other. The collection begins with a prologue that focuses upon the relations between connectionism and alternative conceptions of nativism and ends with an epilogue that examines the significance of alternative conceptions of the Frame Problem for artificial intelligence. Because these papers are rich and diverse, they ought to appeal to a wide and heterogeneous audience. J.H.F.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400919006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence
    Abstract: I: Metamentality -- 1. What is Artificial Intelligence? -- 2. Symbol Systems and Semiotic Systems -- 3. Theories of Language and Mentality -- II: Knowledge and Expertise -- 4. The Nature of Knowledge -- 5. Varieties of Knowledge -- 6. Expert Systems -- III: Representation and Verification -- 7. Knowledge Representation -- 8. Program Verification -- 9. Minds, Bodies, and Machines -- References -- Numbered Definitions -- List of Figures -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data­ processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psycholo­ gy through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial in­ telligence and to computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these prob­ lems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The perspective that prevails in artificial intelligence today suggests that the theory of computability defines the boundaries of the nature of thought, precisely because all thinking is computational. This paradigm draws its inspiration from the symbol-system hypothesis of Newell and Simon and finds its culmination in the computational conception of lan­ guage and mentality. The "standard conception" represented by these views is subjected to a thorough and sustained critique in the pages of this book. Employing a distinction between systems for which signs are signif­ icant for the users of a system and others for which signs are significant for use by a system, I have sought to define the boundaries of what AI, in principle, may be expected to achieve.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789400927278
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence
    Abstract: Philosophy and Natural-Language Processing -- Prologue: Modes of Meaning -- Utterer’s Meaning, Sentence-Meaning, and Word-Meaning -- I: Formal Syntax of Natural Language -- Footlose and Context-Free -- Evidence Against the Context-Freeness of Natural Language -- II: Semantic Aspects of Natural Language -- Truth and Meaning -- Semantics for Propositional Attitudes -- III: Connecting Syntax with Semantics -- The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English -- Phrase Structure Grammar -- IV: Natural Language and Logical Form -- Quantifiers in Natural Languages: Some Logical Problems, I -- Generalized Quantifiers and Natural Language -- V: Possible-Worlds and Situation Semantics -- From Worlds to Situations -- Possible Worlds and Situations -- Epilogue: From Semantics to Pragmatics -- Semantics versus Pragmatics -- Selected Bibliography -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information and data-processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and phi­ losophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and socio­ biology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual and epistemologi­ cal aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. Among the most challenging and difficult projects within the scope of artificial intelligence is the development and implementation of com­ puter programs suitable for processing natural language. Our purpose in compiling the present volume has been to contribute to the foundations of this enterprise by bringing together classic papers devoted to crucial problems involved in understanding natural language, which range from issues of formal syntax and logical form to those of possible-worlds and situation semantics. The book begins with a comprehensive introduc­ tion composed by Jack Kulas, the senior editor of this work, which pro­ vides a systematic orientation to this complex field, and ends with a selected bibliography intended to promote further research. If our efforts assist others in dealing with these problems, they will have been worthwhile. J. H. F.
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