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  • Frobenius-Institut  (4)
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  • 2005-2009  (4)
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  • 1995-1999
  • Hamburg : GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies  (4)
  • Ethnizität  (2)
  • El Salvador  (1)
  • Gesellschaft  (1)
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  • Frobenius-Institut  (4)
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  • 2005-2009  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hamburg : GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 Seiten)
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers no. 65
    Keywords: Mittelamerika Costa Rica ; El Salvador ; Nicaragua ; Beziehungen, internationale ; Krisenbewältigung ; Korruption ; Gewalt ; Kriminalität
    Abstract: It has become common to state that youth gangs and organized crime have seized Central America. For theories on contemporary Central American violence, Costa Rica, El Salvador and Nicaragua present important test cases, demonstrating the need to differentiate the diagnosis. First, national discourses on violence differ from country to country, with varying threat levels, patterns of attention, and discursive leitmotivs. Second, there are border-crossing discursive nodes such as the mara paradigm, the perception of grand corruption, and gender-based violence tied to cross-national, national or sub-national publics. The paper explores the ambiguity and plurivocality of contemporary discourses on violence, emanting from a variety of hegemonic and less powerful publics. (Abstract)
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 29-33Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprache
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hamburg : GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 Seiten)
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers no. 63
    Keywords: Afrika Afrika, Subsahara ; Ethnizität ; Konfliktmanagement ; Politik und Gesellschaft ; Politische Partei ; Politisches System
    Abstract: Recent research on political parties and ethnicity has challenged the conventional wisdom about ethnicity as the major factor that explains voter alignment in Africa. The paper maintains that the cleavage model, although modified to include ethnicity, still provides heuristically the best foundation for the explanation of party formation and voting beha viour in Africa. It points out that inconclusive and contradicting research results about the salience of ethnicity can be attributed to a variety of unresolved methodological and con ceptual problems linked to the `fluidity` of the concept of ethnicity. To overcome these problems refined research designs and more sophisticated analytical tools are required. Finally, it is safe to assume that the relevance of ethnicity for the formation of party systems and voter alignment is not a uniform pattern across Africa, but will differ from one country to the other. (Abstract)
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 28-31Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprache
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hamburg : GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 Seiten)
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers no. 62
    Keywords: Krisenbewältigung Bürgerkrieg ; Gesellschaft ; Krieg und Gesellschaft
    Abstract: In post-conflict societies, security is provided by a broad range of actors including the state as well as various non-state formations. The paper identifies three types of post-conflict societies and analyses dynamics of the security market in cases where international troops have intervened. A comparison of seven countries shows that intervention forces were able to establish themselves as market leaders when a disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) program was successfully conducted in the immediate post-conflict period. Such a program should be embedded in an inclusive peace agreement that is backed up by a credible and robust troop commitment from the international community. (Verlagsangabe)
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 24-26Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprache
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  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Hamburg : GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 Bl.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 40
    Keywords: Afrika, Subsahara Politische Partei ; Ethnizität ; Wahl ; Demokratisierung
    Abstract: Starting from controversial findings about the relationship between party systems and the prospects of democratic consolidation, this article argues that problems can only be properly addressed on the basis of a differentiated typology of party systems. Contradictory research results do not pose an `African puzzle` but can be explained by different and inadequate approaches. We argue that a modified version of Sartori's typology of party systems provides an appropriate method for classifying African party systems. Based on Sartori's framework, a preponderance of predominant and dominant party systems is identified. This can partly be explained by the prevailing authoritarian nature of many multiparty regimes in Africa as well as by the ethnic plurality of African societies. High ethnic fragmentation is not transformed into highly fragmented party systems. This phenomenon can be attributed to the most frequent `ethnic congress party` which is based on an ethnic elite coalition.
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