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  • Frobenius-Institut  (14)
  • English  (14)
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  • 2005-2009  (11)
  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (1)
  • Hamburg : GIGA  (9)
  • Leiden : KITLV Press  (5)
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  • English  (14)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 S.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 80
    Keywords: Mittelamerika Costa Rica ; El Salvador ; Nicaragua ; Gewalt ; Jugendlicher ; Kriminalität
    Abstract: The paper analyzes the social construction of youth violence in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and El Salvador on the one hand, and the related security policies of the three states, on the other. In each country, there is an idiosyncratic way of constructing youth violence and juvenile delinquency. Also, each country has its own manner of reaction to those problems. In El Salvador youths are socially constructed as a threat to security, and the state implements predominantly repressive policies to protect citizens against that threat. In Nicaragua and Costa Rica, where the social discourse on youth violence is less prominent, the state's policies are neither very accentuated nor very coherent, whether in terms of repressive or nonrepressive measures. There are strong relations and mutual influences between the public's fear (or disregard) of youth violence and the state's policies to reduce it.
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 S.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 72
    Keywords: Mittelamerika Costa Rica ; El Salvador ; Nicaragua ; Gewalt ; Gewalt, sexuelle ; Recht ; Kriminalität ; Rausch- und Genußmittel
    Abstract: In Central America, legislation aiming to reduce violence and crime has become an important topic in the security debate. Focusing on Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, this paper analyzes laws and other legal texts regarding the trade in and consumption of drugs on the one hand, and gender-related violence on the other. It shows how the content and the wording of legal texts contribute to the social construction of stereotyped offenders, such as youth gang members, drug users, or foreign nationals. The legal texts in Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Nicaragua reflect both the hegemonic and the counter-discursive influences on each country`s legal discourse.
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 S.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 81
    Keywords: Mittelamerika Costa Rica ; El Salvador ; Nicaragua ; Alltag ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Soziales Leben ; Gewalt
    Abstract: Central America has the reputation of being a violent region with high crime rates, youth gangs, drug traffic, and ubiquitous insecurity. Politicians, the media, and social scientists in and outside the region often claim that the societies are in complete agreement with their judgment of the situation and that all society members are calling for law and order and social segregation. Focusing on Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, the paper analyzes the social perception of violence and crime. On the basis of essays written by secondary school students and interviews with citizens from all walks of life in the three countries, the paper points out how elite arguments on violence and crime are translated into everyday life, and what society members suggest be done to deal with these problems. The sources prove that there are noticeable hegemonic discourses on violence and crime in Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. Simultaneously, a majority of the respondents call for social and integrative solutions rather than the so-called "iron fist." The repressive trend in Central American policies therefore does not necessarily receive the presumed affirmation asserted by many authorities on and in the region.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 978-90-67182-79-6 , 978-90-6718-279-9
    Language: English
    Pages: IX, 377 S. + 1 DVD
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 242
    Keywords: Indonesien Fernsehen ; Sprache und Kultur ; Nationalität ; Identität ; Ethnizität
    Note: This book is a revised ed. of her doctoral thesis.
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 S.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 65
    Keywords: Mittelamerika Costa Rica ; El Salvador ; Nicaragua ; Beziehungen, internationale ; Krisenbewältigung ; Korruption ; Gewalt ; Kriminalität
    Abstract: It has become common to state that youth gangs and organized crime have seized Central America. For theories on contemporary Central American violence, Costa Rica, El Salvador and Nicaragua present important test cases, demonstrating the need to differentiate the diagnosis. First, national discourses on violence differ from country to country, with varying threat levels, patterns of attention, and discursive leitmotivs. Second, there are border-crossing discursive nodes such as the mara paradigm, the perception of grand corruption, and gender-based violence tied to cross-national, national or sub-national publics. The paper explores the ambiguity and plurivocality of contemporary discourses on violence, emanting from a variety of hegemonic and less powerful publics.
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Hamburg : GIGA
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 S.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 62
    Keywords: Krisenbewältigung Bürgerkrieg ; Gesellschaft
    Abstract: In post-conflict societies, security is provided by a broad range of actors including the state as well as various non-state formations. The paper identifies three types of post-conflict societies and analyses dynamics of the security market in cases where international troops have intervened. A comparison of seven countries shows that intervention forces were able to establish themselves as market leaders when a disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) program was successfully conducted in the immediate post-conflict period. Such a program should be embedded in an inclusive peace agreement that is backed up by a credible and robust troop commitment from the international community.
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 S.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 63
    Keywords: Afrika Afrika, Subsahara ; Ethnizität ; Konfliktmanagement
    Abstract: Recent research on political parties and ethnicity has challenged the conventional wisdom about ethnicity as the major factor that explains voter alignment in Africa. The paper maintains that the cleavage model, although modified to include ethnicity, still provides heuristically the best foundation for the explanation of party formation and voting behaviour in Africa. It points out that inconclusive and contradicting research results about the salience of ethnicity can be attributed to a variety of unresolved methodological and conceptual problems linked to the `fluidity` of the concept of ethnicity. To overcome these problems refined research designs and more sophisticated analytical tools are required. Finally, it is safe to assume that the relevance of ethnicity for the formation of party systems and voter alignment is not a uniform pattern across Africa, but will differ from one country to the other.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 978-90-6718-283-4
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 562 Seiten , Karten
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 238
    Keywords: Indonesien Politik ; Dezentralisation ; Demokratisierung ; Gewalt ; Kriminalität ; Schattenwirtschaft
    Abstract: For decades almost the only social scientists who visited Indonesia`s provinces were anthropologists. Anybody interested in politics or economics spent most of their time in Jakarta, where the action was. Our view of the world`s fourth largest country threatened to become simplistic, lacking that essential graininess. Then, in 1998, Indonesia was plunged into a crisis that could not be understood with simplistic tools. After 32 years of enforced stability, the New Order was at an end. Things began to happen in the provinces that no one was prepared for. Democratization was one, decentralization another. Ethnic and religious identities emerged that had lain buried under the blanket of the New Order`s modernizing ideology. Unfamiliar, sometimes violent forms of political competition and of rentseeking came to light. Decentralization was often connected with the neo-liberal desire to reduce state powers and make room for free trade and democracy. To what extent were the goals of good governance and a stronger civil society achieved? How much of the process was `captured` by regional elites to increase their own powers? Amidst the new identity politics, what has happened to citizenship? These are among the central questions addressed in this book. This volume is the result of a two-year research project at KITLV. It brings together an international group of 24 scholars - mainly from Indonesia and the Netherlands but also from the United States, Australia, Germany, Canada and Portugal. (Verlagsangaben)
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Local society and the dynamics of ethnicity -- Shadow states and black economy -- Fear and the failure of security -- How civil is civil society? -- Identites under construction -- Glossary -- Abbreviations -- About the authors -- Bibliography -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 501-540
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers no. 33
    Keywords: Costa Rica El Salvador ; Nicaragua ; Presse ; Gewalt
    Abstract: It has become common to state that criminal violence has superseded political violence in Central America. This paper presents the first results of a research project which analyses the social construction of violent realities in Costa Rica, El Salvador and Nicaragua. The authors describe the print media landscape in Central America and examine both the quality of leading newspapers and the main clusters of topics constituting the news discourse on violence. The analysis of the macro-structure of topic management in Central American newspapers allows to differentiate the "talk of crime": it is more heterogeneous than often thought. There are signs that the problem of juvenile delinquency is emerging as the center of a cross-country discourse on "ordinary violence". On the other hand, the talk of crime is centered around few topic clusters, with sexual violence and border-related discourse on violence being of key importance. Finally, the paper points to a heterogeneous array of discourse events that is connected to political developments and power-relations. (Abstract)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Approaching Central American Violence -- 3. Why and How To Analyse Central American Newspapers? -- 4. The Central American Print Media Landscape -- 5. Violence as News: Seven Clusters of Topics -- 6. Concluding Remarks: Manifestations of Violence in Print Media Discourse
    Note: Zusammenfassung in deutscher SpracheLiteraturverzeichnis: Seite 29-32
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 Bl.
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers 33
    Keywords: Costa Rica El Salvador ; Nicaragua ; Presse ; Gewalt
    Abstract: It has become common to state that criminal violence has superseded political violence in Central America. This paper presents the first results of a research project which analyses the social construction of violent realities in Costa Rica, El Salvador and Nicaragua. The authors describe the print media landscape in Central America and examine both the quality of leading newspapers and the main clusters of topics constituting the news discourse on violence. The analysis of the macro-structure of topic management in Central American newspapers allows to differentiate the "talk of crime": it is more heterogeneous than often thought. There are signs that the problem of juvenile delinquency is emerging as the center of a cross-country discourse on "ordinary violence". On the other hand, the talk of crime is centered around few topic clusters, with sexual violence and border-related discourse on violence being of key importance. Finally, the paper points to a heterogeneous array of discourse events that is connected to political developments and power-relations.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 Seiten)
    Series Statement: GIGA Working Papers no. 21
    Keywords: Entwicklungsländer Erdöl ; Gewalt
    Abstract: Resource curse theory claims that resource abundance encourages violent conflict. A study of 37 oil-producing developing countries, however, reveals that oil states with very high levels of oil revenue are remarkably stable. An analysis of the ways in which governments spend oil revenues identifies two distinct types of rentier systems - the large-scale distributive state and the patronage-based system - which are strongly linked to instability or its absence. However, some deviant cases, such as Equatorial Guinea and Gabon, illustrate the need for further research. Apparently, the notion of a "paradox of plenty" has neglected rentier mechanisms that avoid conflict. (Abstract)
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9067181889
    Language: English
    Pages: VI, 348 S.
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 194
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
    DDC: 959.803
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geweld ; Oorzaken ; Gewalt ; Politik ; Ethnic conflict ; Violence ; Geschichte ; Gewalt ; Politik ; Indonesia Ethnic relations ; Indonesia Politics and government ; Political violence ; Indonesien ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Indonesien ; Gewalt ; Politik ; Geschichte
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9067181854
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 359 S., [16] Bl. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 198
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
    DDC: 959.86022
    RVK:
    Keywords: Balinezen ; Bergdorpen ; Alltag, Brauchtum ; Bali Aga (Indonesian people) Rites and ceremonies ; Bali Aga (Indonesian people) Social life and customs ; Kulturanthropologie ; Bali Aga ; Gesellschaft ; Bali Aga (Indonesian people) ; Bali Island (Indonesia) Social life and customs ; Bali Aga ; Gesellschaft ; Bali Aga ; Kulturanthropologie
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9067180866
    Language: English
    Pages: VI, 279 S. , Ill., Kt.
    Series Statement: Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 166
    Dissertation note: Zugl.: Leiden, Rijksuniv., Diss., 1986
    DDC: 959.8/01
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indonesia ; History ; To 1478 ; Indonesia ; Politics and government ; Anthropology ; Indonesia ; Ethnology ; Indonesia ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Indonesien ; Gesellschaft ; Geschichte Anfänge ; Indonesien ; Vor- und Frühgeschichte ; Indonesien ; Gesellschaft ; Geschichte
    Note: Literatuverz. S. [253] - 276
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