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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (123)
  • Frobenius-Institut  (108)
  • 1970-1974  (231)
  • Science (General)  (117)
  • Archäologie  (87)
  • Soziale Bedingungen
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Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0067-270X , 1945-5534 , 1945-5534
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 cm
    Dates of Publication: 1.1966 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Azania
    Former Title: journal of the British Institute of History and Archaeology in East Africa
    DDC: 890
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Ostafrika ; Geschichte ; Ostafrika ; Archäologie ; Stadt ; Geschichte 1750-2000
    Note: Ersch. ab 2009 3x jährl. , Index 1/25.1966/90 in: 25.1990
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  • 2
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Wiesbaden : Reichert Verlag | Istanbul : Wasmuth | Berlin : Gebr. Mann Verlag ; 1.1933 -
    ISSN: 0341-9142 , 2940-8202 , 2940-8202
    Language: German
    Pages: 27 cm
    Dates of Publication: 1.1933 -
    Additional Information: Beil. Istanbuler Mitteilungen / Beiheft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Istanbuler Mitteilungen
    Former Title: Archäologisches Institut des Deutschen Reiches, Abteilung Istanbul
    DDC: 890
    RVK:
    Keywords: Anatolien ; Altertum ; Mittelalter ; Zeitschrift ; Anatolien ; Archäologie ; Klassische Archäologie
    Note: 1943 - 1954 nicht ersch. , Index 1/30.1950/80 in: 30.1980
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789401727440
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 242 p) , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Typical elements2. Oxo-acids and oxo-acid salts -- 3. High temperature reactions -- 4. The elements of the first transition series -- 5. The preparation of some manganese compounds -- 6. Coordination chemistry I: typical compounds -- 7. Clathrate compounds -- 8. Double salts -- 9. The stabilization of oxidation states -- 10. Electrochemical oxidation and reduction -- 11. Coordination chemistry II: stereochemistry -- 12. Homogeneous catalysis -- 13. Chemistry in non-aqueous solvents -- 14. Inorganic polymers -- 15. High vacuum techniques in chemistry -- 16. Inert atmosphere techniques -- 17. Spectroscopic techniques -- 18. Conductance measurements -- 19. Separation techniques -- 20. Magnetic measurements -- 21. Potentiometric titrations -- 22. Polarimetry -- General bibliography -- Appendix: SI Units -- Atomic masses of some of the elements -- Periodic table of the elements.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957206
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 412 p) , digital
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
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  • 5
    ISBN: 2704000301
    Language: French
    Pages: 366 p , illus , 25 cm
    DDC: 913.39/7
    Keywords: Prehistoric peoples ; Africa, North ; Africa, North ; Antiquities ; Nordafrika ; Archäologie ; Nordafrika ; Vor- und Frühgeschichte ; Sahara ; Vor- und Frühgeschichte
    Note: Bibliography: p. [349]-361
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9781489955296
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 406 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Scottish Universities’ Summer School
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468421064
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: The Concept of a Linguistic Variable and its Application to Approximate Reasoning -- Fundamental Concepts and Social Consequences of Artificial Intelligence -- Biorobots for Simulation Studies of Learning and Intelligent Controls -- A Mathematical Neuron Model which Has a Staircaselike Response Characteristic -- Performance Aspects of Stochastic Nonlinear System Classification by Pattern Recognition Methods -- Algorithmic Techniques for Modeling Nonlinear Functions -- A Survey of Heuristic Search Method of Multimodal Optimum Point -- Basic Search Patterns in Heuristic Search -- Multi-Modal System Identifications by a Learning Procedure -- Learning Dual Control under Complete State Information -- On a Class of Variable-Structure Systems -- A Method of Learning Control Varying Search Domain by Fuzzy Automata -- Adaptive Computer Aiding in Dynamic Decision Processes -- Optimal Learning Recognizer for Unknown Signal Sets in a Channel with Feedback Link -- Computational Algorithms for Interactive Pattern Recognition -- A Methodology for Interactive Systems -- Automatic Recognition of Complex Three-Dimensional Objects from Optical Images -- Eyes of the Wabot -- The “Rubber-Mask” Technique-I, Pattern Meaurement and Analysis -- The “Rubber-Mask” Technique-II, Pattern Storage and Recognition -- Learning Texture Information from Singular Photographs and Its Application in Digital Image Classification -- A Theory of Character Recognition by Pattern Matching Method.
    Abstract: This book contains the Proceedings of the S~cond U. S. -Japan Seminar on Learning Control and Intelligent Control. The seminar, held at Gainesville, Florida, from October 22 to 26, 1973, was sponsored by the U. S. -Japan Cooperative Science Program, jointly supported by the National Science Foundation and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The full texts of the twenty-one presented papers are included. The papers cover a variety of topics related to learning control and intelligent control, ranging from pattern recognition to system identification, from learning control to intelligent robots. During the past decade, there has been a considerable increase of interest in problems of machine learning, systems which exhibit learning behavior. In designing a system, if the a priori infor­ mation required is unknown or incompletely known, one approach is to design a system which is capable of learning the unknown infor­ mation during its operation. The learned information will then be used to improve the system's performance. This approach has been used in the design of pattern recognition systems, automatic control systems and system identification algorithms. If we naturally extend our goal to the design of systems which will behave more and more intelligently, learning systems research is only a preliminary step towards a general concept of integrated intelligent systems. One example of this class of systems is the intelligent robot, which integrates pattern recognition. learning and problem-solving into one intelligent system.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Concept of a Linguistic Variable and its Application to Approximate ReasoningFundamental Concepts and Social Consequences of Artificial Intelligence -- Biorobots for Simulation Studies of Learning and Intelligent Controls -- A Mathematical Neuron Model which Has a Staircaselike Response Characteristic -- Performance Aspects of Stochastic Nonlinear System Classification by Pattern Recognition Methods -- Algorithmic Techniques for Modeling Nonlinear Functions -- A Survey of Heuristic Search Method of Multimodal Optimum Point -- Basic Search Patterns in Heuristic Search -- Multi-Modal System Identifications by a Learning Procedure -- Learning Dual Control under Complete State Information -- On a Class of Variable-Structure Systems -- A Method of Learning Control Varying Search Domain by Fuzzy Automata -- Adaptive Computer Aiding in Dynamic Decision Processes -- Optimal Learning Recognizer for Unknown Signal Sets in a Channel with Feedback Link -- Computational Algorithms for Interactive Pattern Recognition -- A Methodology for Interactive Systems -- Automatic Recognition of Complex Three-Dimensional Objects from Optical Images -- Eyes of the Wabot -- The “Rubber-Mask” Technique-I, Pattern Meaurement and Analysis -- The “Rubber-Mask” Technique-II, Pattern Storage and Recognition -- Learning Texture Information from Singular Photographs and Its Application in Digital Image Classification -- A Theory of Character Recognition by Pattern Matching Method.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : Springer New York
    ISBN: 9781461298281
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Third Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Definition and Types of Metamorphism2. From Diagenesis to Metamorphism -- 3. Factors of Metamorphism -- General Considerations -- The Composition of the Fluid Phase -- Directed Pressure -- 4. Mineral Parageneses: The Building Blocks of Metamorphic Rocks -- 5. Graphical Representation of Metamorphic Mineral Parageneses -- Composition Plotting -- ACF Diagram -- A’FK Diagram -- How Are ACF and A’FK Diagrams Used? -- AFM Diagrams -- 6. Classification Principles: Metamorphic Facies versus Metamorphic Grade -- 7. The Four Divisions of Metamorphic Grade -- General Considerations -- The Terms Isograd and Isoreaction-Grad -- The Division of Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism -- The Division of Low-Grade Metamorphism -- The Change from Low-Grade to Medium-Grade Metamorphism -- The Change from Medium-Grade to High-Grade Metamorphism -- Granulite-High Grade; Regional Hypersthene Zone -- Pressure Divisions of the Metamorphic Grades -- Problems with the Al2SiO5 Species -- 8. General Characteristics of Metamorphic Terrains -- Metamorphic Zones in Contact Aureoles -- Metamorphic Zones in Regional Metamorphism -- Paired Metamorphic Belts -- 9. Metamorphic Reactions in Carbonate Rocks -- General Considerations -- Metamorphism of Siliceous Dolomitic Limestones -- Formation of Wollastonite -- Metamorphism of Carbonates at Very High Temperature and Very Low Pressure -- 10. Metamorphism of Marls -- 11. Metamorphism of Ultramafic Rocks: Systems MgO-SiO2-CO2-H2O and MgO-CaO-SiO2-H2O -- 12. Metamorphism of Mafic Rocks -- Transformations Except Those of Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism at Low Pressures -- Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism at Low Pressures -- Evaluation of Metamorphic Changes at Very-Low Grade -- The Role of CO2 in Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism -- 13. Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism of Graywackes -- 14. Metamorphism of Pelites -- General Statement -- Metamorphism of Pelitic Rocks at Very-Low and Low-Grade -- Metamorphism of Pelitic Rocks at Medium- and High-Grade -- 15. A Key to Determine Metamorphic Grades and Major Isoreaction-Grads or Isograds in Common Rocks -- Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism -- Low-Grade -- Medium- and High-Grade -- Geothermometers and Geobarometers -- Sequences of Isoreaction-Grads or Isograds -- 16. Regional Hypersthene Zone (Granolite High Grade) -- Nomenclature and Mineralogical Features of “Granulites” -- Metamorphism of Granolites and Related Granoblastites -- Petrogenetic Considerations -- 17. Eclogites -- 18. Anatexis, Formation of Migmatites, and Origin of Granitic Magmas -- Anatexis: General Considerations -- Experimental Anatexis of Rocks Composed of Alkali Feldspar, Plagioclase, and Quartz -- Experimental Anatexis of Rocks Composed of Plagioclase and Quartz but Lacking Alkali Feldspar -- Formation of Migmatites -- Formation of Granitic Magmas by Anatexis -- Appendix: Nomenclature of Common Metamorphic Rocks -- Names of Important Rock Groups -- Prefixes -- Classification.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789401511186
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 858 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I/Cosmochemistry -- Fitness in the Universe: Choices and Necessities -- Galactic Clouds of Organic Molecules -- The Outer Solar System: Perspectives for Exobiology -- Catalytic Reactions in the Solar Nebula: Implications for Interstellar Molecules and Organic Compounds in Meteorites -- II/Paleobiology -- Natural Evidence for Chemical and Early Biological Evolution -- Aspects of the Geologic History of Seawater -- Homeostatic Tendencies of the Earth’s Atmosphere -- Microfossils from the Middle Precambrian McArthur Group, Northern Territory, Australia -- The Development and Diversification of Precambrian Life -- III/Primordial Organic Chemistry -- The Atmosphere of the Primitive Earth and the Prebiotic Synthesis of Amino Acids -- Biomolecules from HCN -- The Prebiotic Synthesis of Oligonucleotides -- The Possible Role of Clays in Prebiotic Peptide Synthesis -- Interactions Between Amino Acids and Nucleotides in the Prebiotic Milieu -- Coacervate Systems and Origin of Life -- Transfer RNA and the Translation Apparatus in the Origin of Life -- IV/Precellular Organization -- A Hypothetic Scheme for Evolution of Probionts -- From Proteinoid Microsphere to Contemporary Cell: Formation of Internucleotide and Peptide Bonds by Proteinoid Particles -- Chemical and Catalytical Properties of Thermal Polymers of Amino Acids (Proteinoids) -- Pre-Enzymic Origin of Metabolic Redox Processes and of the Energy Storage Processes -- Experimental Attempts for the Study of the Origin of Optical Activity on Earth -- Life’s Beginnings — Origin or Evolution? -- V/Early Biochemical Evolution -- On the Chemical Constitution of Cometary Nuclei -- Photochemical Conversions of Lower Aldehydes in Aqueous Solutions and in Fog -- Inferences from Protein and Nucleic Acid Sequences: Early Molecular Evolution, Divergence of Kingdoms and Rates of Change -- On the Possible Origin and Evolution of the Genetic Code -- Genetics and the Origin of the Genetic Code -- Origin of the Genetic Code: A Physical-Chemical Model of Primitive Codon Assignments -- The Iron-Sulphur Proteins: Evolution of a Ubiquitous Protein from Model Systems to Higher Organisms -- A New Hypothesis for the Evolution of Biological Electron Transport -- Pathways of Chemical Evolution of Photosynthesis -- Inorganic Types of Fermentation and Anaerobic Respirations in the Evolution of Energy-Yielding Metabolism -- VI/Exobiology -- Test Results on the Viking Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer Experiment -- Automated Life-Detection Experiments for the Viking Mission to Mars -- Organic Contamination Problems in the Viking Molecular Analysis Experiment -- Model Systems for Life Processes on Mars -- An Automatically-Returned Martian Sample by 1985? -- Life on Jupiter? -- The Possibility of Organic Molecule Formation in the Venus Atmosphere -- Planetary Systems and Extraterrestrial Life -- The Origin of Life in a Cosmic Context -- List of Participants -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This publication, in two volumes, includes most of the scientific papers presented at the first meeting of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life (lSSOL), held on June 25-28, 1973 in Barcelona, Spain. The first volume contains the invited articles and the second volume the contributed papers, which also appear in the 1974 and 1975 issues, respectively, of the new journal Origins of Life, published by D. Reidel. A relatively large number of meetings on the subject of the origin of life have been held in different places since 1957. In terms of its organization, scope, and number and nationality of participants, the Conference celebrated last year in Barcelona closely followed the three international conferences held earlier in Moscow, U.S.S.R., 1957, Wakulla Springs, U.S.A., 1963, and Pont-a-Mousson, France, 1970. For this reason the first ISSOL meeting was also named the 4th International Conference on the Origin of Life.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401511117
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres d’archives-Husserl 54
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Ethics.
    Abstract: Table des Matieres -- L’Argument -- Chapitre I. Essence et Désintéressement -- L’Exposition -- Chapitre II. De l’intentionalité au sentir -- Chapitre III. Sensibilité et proximité -- Chapitre IV. La Substitution -- Chapitre V. Subjectivité et Infini -- Autrement Dit -- Chapitre VI. Au dehors.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401168342
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Revised Metric Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Introducing Geology 2
    Series Statement: Introducing Geology Series 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Geological History -- 2 The Pre-Cambrian Era -- 3 The Lower Palaeozoic Geosyncline -- 4 The Caledonian Mountain-building -- 5 Devonian Environments -- 6 The Lower Carboniferous Marine Transgression -- 7 The Upper Carboniferous Deltas and Coal Swamps -- 8 The Armorican Mountain-building -- 9 The Permo-Triassic Desert Environment -- 10 The Fluctuating Shelf-seas of the Jurassic -- 11 The Cretaceous Marine Transgression -- 12 Tertiary Cycles of Sedimentation and Igneous Activity -- 13 The Alpine Mountain-Building and the Later Tertiary -- 14 The Quaternary Glaciations.
    Abstract: This book is primarily intended to assist candidates studying geology for the Ordinary Level of G.c.E., and examinations of comparable standard, but it should also be found useful by the" reader requiring a rapid conspectus of the geological history of Britain, and as forming a basis for more advanced work. The scope of the subject matter necessitated a narrow and slippery path be­ tween over-simplification and excessive detail, but the balance adopted is based upon the experience of many years of teaching at all levels, and of examining for the London G.C.E. Board. The maps, combining outcrop dis­ tribution with palaeogeography, presented some difficulty, especially for periods of continuously changing geography, such as the Cretaceous. It was necessary in these cases to make an arbitrary choice of one small part of the period, the geography of which could be illustrated. Candidates are advised not to spend time learning every detail of the outcrop patterns, but to con­ centrate upon the main areas of outcrop. I am indebted to Mrs. Jean Fyffe for the cartographic work.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vienna : Springer
    ISBN: 9783709130995
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 410 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: LEP Library of Exact Philosophy 11
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. The Nature of Knowledge -- 1. The Meaning of the Theory of Knowledge -- 2. Knowing in Everyday Life -- 3. Knowing in Science -- 4. Knowing by Means of Images -- 5. Knowing by Means of Concepts -- 6. The Limits of Definition -- 7. Implicit Definitions -- 8. The Nature of Judgments -- 9. Judging and Knowing -- 10. What is Truth? -- 11. Definitions, Conventions and Empirical Judgments -- 12. What Knowledge is Not -- 13. On the Value of Knowledge -- II. Problems of Thought -- 14. The Interconnectedness of Knowledge -- 15. The Analytic Character of Rigorous Inference -- 16. A Skeptical Consideration of Analysis -- 17. The Unity of Consciousness -- 18. The Relationship of the Psychological to the Logical -- 19. On Self-Evidence -- 20. So-Called Inner Perception -- 21. Verification -- III. Problems of Reality -- A. The Positing of the Real -- 22. Formulating the Question -- 23. Naive and Philosophical Viewpoints on the Question of Reality -- 24. The Temporality of the Real -- 25. Things-In-Themselves and the Notion of Immanence -- 26. Critique of the Notion of Immanence -- a) Unperceived Objects -- b) Objects Perceived by Several Individuals -- B. Knowledge of the Real -- 27. Essence and “Appearance” -- 28. The Subjectivity of Time -- 29. The Subjectivity of Space -- 30. The Subjectivity of the Sense Qualities -- 31. Quantitative and Qualitative Knowledge -- 32. The Physical and the Mental -- 33. More on the Psychophysical Problem -- 34. Objections to Parallelism -- 35. Monism, Dualism, Pluralism -- C. The Validity of Knowledge of Reality -- 36. Thinking and Being -- 37. Knowing and Being -- 38. Is There a Pure Intuition? -- 39. Are There Pure Forms of Thought? -- 40. On Categories -- 41. On Inductive Knowledge -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: to that goal, and it is hoped that it will incorporate further works dealing in an exact way with interesting philosophical issues. Zürich, April 1973 Mario Bunge From the Preface to the First Edition It may seem odd that aseries of works devoted to the natural sciences should indude - indeed begin with - a volume on phi­ losophy. Today, of course, it is generally agreed that philosophy and natural science are perfectly compatible. But to grant the theory of knowledge such a prominent position implies not only that these two fields are compatible, but that there is a natural connection between them. Thus the indusion of this book in the series can be justified only if such an intimate relation of mutual dependence and interpenetration really does exist. Without anticipating what is to come, the author would like first to explain his point of view on the relationship between epistemology and the sciences, and in so doing make dear at the outset the method to be followed in this book. It is my view - which I have already expressed elsewhere and which I never tire of repeating - that philosophy is not aseparate science to be placed alongside of or above the individual disciplines. Rather, the philosophical element is present in all of the scienccs; it is their true soul, and only by virtue of it are they sciences at all.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401169042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 283 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Principles of structure and bonding -- 2 Simple hydrides and halides -- 3 Non-metal oxides, sulphides, and their derivatives -- 4 The elements -- 5 Catenated compounds and related systems -- 6 Borazines, phosphazenes, silicones, and related systems.
    Abstract: This book is a new attempt to interrelate the chemistry of the non-metals. In the early chapters, simple compounds of the non-metals with the halogens, hydrogen, and oxygen are surveyed, permitting a large area of chemistry to be discussed without the burden of too many facts. The structural relationships in the elemental forms of the non-metals are then used as an introduction to the catenated compounds, including the boron hydrides. In the concluding chapter, selected heteronuclear chain, ring, and cage compounds are con­ sidered. In some chapters, we have thought it useful to outline important features of a topic in relation to chemical theory, before giving a more detailed ac count of the chemistry of individual elements. The book is certainly not comprehensive and the bias in the material selected probably reflects our interest in volatile, covalent non-metal compounds. Suggestions for furt her reading are presented in two ways. A selected bibliography lists general textbooks which relate to much of our subject matter. References in the text point to review articles and to a few original papers which we consider to be of special interest. Although there are few difficult concepts in the text, the treatment may be appreciated most by students with some previous exposure to a Group by Group approach to non-metal chemistry. We have assumed an elementary knowledge of chemical periodicity, bonding theory, thermodynamics, and spectroscopic methods of structure determination.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461345237
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Laboratory Instrumentation and Techniques 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Deflection Recorders -- Linearizing Mechanisms -- The Prevention of Loading Effects -- 3 Servo Recorders -- Attentuators -- Reference Voltage Sources -- Slidewires -- Amplifiers -- Motors -- Multichannel Recorders -- Dynamic Properties -- Special Modifications -- 4 X-Y Recorders -- Drive Mechanisms -- Input Circuitry -- 5 Oscillographs -- Light-Beam Oscillographs -- X-Y Oscillographs -- Moving Pen or Stylus Oscillographs -- Fixed-Stylus Recording -- 6 Paper Feed and Writing Mechanisms -- Paper Forms -- Strip-Chart Drive Mechanisms -- Separate Sheet Recording Paper -- Printing Mechanisms -- 7 Shielding and Grounding -- Internal Noise -- External Noise -- Grounding and Guarding -- Amplifiers -- 8 Recorder Specifications -- 9 Troubleshooting -- Maintenance -- Performance Checks -- Difficulties and Their Causes -- 10 Recorder Accessories -- Integrators -- Differentiators -- Retransmitting Potientiometers and Encoders -- Event Markers -- Sampling Recorders -- Scale Expanders -- Multiplexers -- Calibrators -- Chart Viewers -- Appendix: Sources of Laboratory Recorders.
    Abstract: One of the most universal functions of any scientific or engineer­ ing laboratory is the gathering of data to provide answers to immediate questions or information to be filed for future refer­ ence. Such data gathering may be achieved in various ways, depending on the nature and quantity of the information. The most prevalent of such data gathering methods is undoubtedly analog recording. Electrical analog recorders are available in a variety of sizes, speeds, sensitivities, and prices. They are suitable for recording any signal which is in, or can be converted to, electrical form. These recorders are found in every modern laboratory. Without them the importance of many functional relations would be missed altogether. How could one adequately diagnose a heart ailment without a cardiographic recorder, or obtain infrared or magnetic resonance spectra on any practicable basis without a strip-chart recorder? True, various curves that are now traced automatically with a recorder can be plotted manually from point-by-point measure­ ments. This procedure, however, is not only time-consuming, but may cause valid bits of information to be overlooked entirely, simply because the points were taken too far apart. Another factor favoring the use of recorders is the ability to pinpoint faulty operation of the data-gathering system. Artifacts that might not be observable at all in point-by-point observations 1 The Laboratory Recorder 2 will often be readily identifiable on a recording. Asymmetry of a peaked curve, for example, is only dearly evident in a recording.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468490046
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 316 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Elf and VLF Signal Properties: Physical Characteristics -- Electric and Magnetic Field Strengths in the open and in Shielded Rooms in the ULF- to LF-Zone -- Behavioural Changes in Human Subjects Associated With ELF Electric Fields -- ELF-Effects on Human Circadian Rhythms -- Operant Methods Assessing the Effects of ELF Electromagnetic Fields -- Behavioural, Physiological, and Histological Changes in Rats Exposed During Various Developmental Stages To ELF Magnetic Fields -- Oxygen and Biochemical Changes Following ELF Exposure -- Precambrian ELF and Abiogenesis -- ELF Electric and Magnetic Field Effects: The Patterns and the Problems -- Contributors.
    Abstract: Recent emphasis upon the importance of the physical environment has made science and the public even more cog­ nizant of the many components of the biosphere. While much attention has been given to ionizing electromagnetic stimuli which causes blatant and unalterable changes in biological systems, relatively little research has been concerned with those electromagnetic signals whose frequencies overlap with time-varying processes in living organisms. Extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields can occur as waves between about I Hz to 100 Hz or as short pulses within this range of very low frequency (VLF) and higher frequency sources. The natural occurrence of ELF signals is associated with weather changes, solar disturbances and geophysical­ ionospheric perturbations. Man-made sources have also been reported. Certain physical properties of ELF signals make them excellent candidates for biologically important stimuli. Unlike many other weather components, ELF signals have the capacity to penetrate structures which house living organ­ isms. ELF wave configurations allow long distance propaga­ tional capacities without appreciable attenuation of inten­ sity, thus making them antecedent stimuli to approaching weather changes. Most importantly, ELF signals exhibit the frequencies and wave forms of bio-electrical events that occur within the brain and body. Thus resonance inter­ actions between animal and nature become attractive possi­ bilities.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9781475713701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 428 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Tire Traction a Many Faceted Problem -- Introductory Remarks -- Tire Wet Traction: Operational Severity and Its Influence on Performance -- Tire Hydroplaning: Testing, Analysis, and Design -- Tire Traction on Dry, Uncontaminated Surfaces -- Tire Traction on Snow-Covered Pavements -- Fundamental Aspects of Rubber Friction -- Introductory Remarks -- The Speed and Temperature Dependence of Rubber Friction and Its Bearing on the Skid Resistance of Tires -- Elementary Effects in the Contact Area of Sliding Rubber -- Lubrication Studies of Smooth Rubber Contacts -- An Analysis of Some Factors that Influence Wet Skid Resistance -- Panel Discussion “Fundamental Aspects of Rubber Friction” -- Tire Traction the Role of the Tire -- Introductory Remarks -- Tread Compound Effects in Tire Traction -- The Role of the Tread Pattern — A Blend of the Simple and Complex -- Some Recent Investigations into Dynamics and Frictional Behavior of Pneumatic Tires -- A Tyre Engineer Looks Critically at Current Traction Physics -- Panel Discussion “Tire Traction — The Role of the Tire” -- Tire Traction the Role of the Pavement -- Introductory Remarks -- The Relation Between the Stress Saturation of Sliding Rubber and the Load Dependence of Road Tyre Friction -- Pavement Surface Texture Classification and Skid Resistance Photo-Interpretation -- An Approach Towards the Understanding and Design of the Pavement’s Textural Characteristics Required for Optimum Performance of the Tyre -- Panel Discussion Tire Traction — The Role of the Pavement -- An Analysis of the Literature on Tire-Road Skid Resistance -- The Physics of Tire Traction: A Review of Current Theory.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401160063
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. General Aspects of Design -- 1 The nature and value of design -- 2 Where does invention end and design begin? -- 3 Design components -- 4 The need for a clear statement of the problem -- 5 The right amount of perseverance -- 6 Design and calculation -- 7 The art of moderation -- 8 The courage to be exceptional -- 9 Design and aesthetics -- 10 Design and skill in drawing -- 11 Standards -- 12 A brief theory of engineering surfaces -- 13 Limitations and changes in the production process -- 14 Control and self-control -- II. General Form Design -- 15 Introduction to general form design -- 16 Elements of design -- 17 The principle of constant wall thickness -- 18 Strong and weak shapes -- 19 The phenomenon of ‘lines of force’ -- 20 Effect of shape on loading and stresses -- 21 The stress-concentration index (or ‘notch sensitivity’) of materials -- 22 Designing to match the strength flow -- 23 The shaping of corners and guide facings -- 24 Designing to match fluid flow.
    Abstract: Books on engineering design, like designs them­ selves, are highly individual. In this one, the author emphasizes the importance of a visual approach to machine design and makes his point by including a large number of illustrations. He also stresses the need for clear objectives in all design work. Professor Leyer is an experienced designer and an inspiring teacher, and his book is based on his own lecture course in the subject. Throughout, he shows be the goal to which mathematics, mech­ design to anics and engineering drawing are the means. His book complements the usual range of engineering texts and can be read to advantage by students at any stage of their studies. In addition, he gives clear descriptive accounts of some important topics (such as stress concentration and the torsion of non­ circular sections) which are often omitted from textbooks because of their mathematical complexity. In controversial matters-the merits of the patent system, for example-Professor Leyer leaves us in no doubt as to his own views. In editing this translation I have used SI units for physical quantities and I urge readers to make their own calculations in this system whenevet they have the choice. It will be some years, however, before the familiar inch, foot and pound disappear alto­ gether and I have added the corresponding values in these units.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. General Aspects of Design1 The nature and value of design -- 2 Where does invention end and design begin? -- 3 Design components -- 4 The need for a clear statement of the problem -- 5 The right amount of perseverance -- 6 Design and calculation -- 7 The art of moderation -- 8 The courage to be exceptional -- 9 Design and aesthetics -- 10 Design and skill in drawing -- 11 Standards -- 12 A brief theory of engineering surfaces -- 13 Limitations and changes in the production process -- 14 Control and self-control -- II. General Form Design -- 15 Introduction to general form design -- 16 Elements of design -- 17 The principle of constant wall thickness -- 18 Strong and weak shapes -- 19 The phenomenon of ‘lines of force’ -- 20 Effect of shape on loading and stresses -- 21 The stress-concentration index (or ‘notch sensitivity’) of materials -- 22 Designing to match the strength flow -- 23 The shaping of corners and guide facings -- 24 Designing to match fluid flow.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9781461590590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Mechanical Properties and Breakdown of Surface Films at Elevated Temperatures -- Stresses Developed During Isothermal Oxidation -- Stresses Developed During Thermal Cycling Conditions -- Effect of Superimposed Stresses on the Mechanical Stability of Oxide Scales -- Methods of Measuring Mechanical Properties of Oxides -- Mechanisms of Stress Relief -- Influence of Corrosive Contaminants on Oxide Stability -- Methods of Improving Mechanical Properties of Surface Oxides -- General Conclusions -- References -- 2 Anodic Dissolution of Metals—Anomalous Valence -- Transitory or Uncommon Ion Mechanism -- Related Phenomena -- Anodic Dissolution of Metals -- Discussion -- References -- 3 Corrosion of Metals in Organic Solvents -- Classification of Organic Solvents According to Their Properties And Corrosivities -- Thermodynamics and Stoichiometry -- Kinetics and Mechanisms -- Corrosion Failures and Their Prevention -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 Chromium Depletion and Void Formation in Fe—Ni—Cr Alloys During Molten Salt Corrosion and Related Processes -- Chemical Reactions -- Heat Treatment -- Summary -- References.
    Abstract: This series was organized to provide a forum for review papers in the area of corrosion. The aim of these reviews is to bring certain areas of corrosion science and technology into a sharp focus. The volumes of this series are published approximately on a yearly basis and each contains three to five reviews. The articles in each volume are selected in such a way as to be of interest both to the corrosion scientists and the corrosion technologists. There is, in fact, a particular aim in juxtaposing these interests because of the importance of mutual interaction and interdisciplinarity so important in corrosion studies. It is hoped that the corrosion scientists in this way may stay abreast of the activities in corrosion technology and vice versa. In this series the term "corrosion" is used in its very broadest sense. It includes, therefore, not only the degradation of metals in aqueous en­ vironment but also what is commonly referred to as "high-temperature oxidation. " Further, the plan is to be even more general than these topics; the series will include all solids and all environments. Today, engineering solids include not only metals but glasses, ionic solids, polymeric solids, and composites of these. Environments of interest must be extended to liquid metals, a wide variety of gases, nonaqueous electrolytes, and other non­ aqueous liquids.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Mechanical Properties and Breakdown of Surface Films at Elevated TemperaturesStresses Developed During Isothermal Oxidation -- Stresses Developed During Thermal Cycling Conditions -- Effect of Superimposed Stresses on the Mechanical Stability of Oxide Scales -- Methods of Measuring Mechanical Properties of Oxides -- Mechanisms of Stress Relief -- Influence of Corrosive Contaminants on Oxide Stability -- Methods of Improving Mechanical Properties of Surface Oxides -- General Conclusions -- References -- 2 Anodic Dissolution of Metals-Anomalous Valence -- Transitory or Uncommon Ion Mechanism -- Related Phenomena -- Anodic Dissolution of Metals -- Discussion -- References -- 3 Corrosion of Metals in Organic Solvents -- Classification of Organic Solvents According to Their Properties And Corrosivities -- Thermodynamics and Stoichiometry -- Kinetics and Mechanisms -- Corrosion Failures and Their Prevention -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 Chromium Depletion and Void Formation in Fe-Ni-Cr Alloys During Molten Salt Corrosion and Related Processes -- Chemical Reactions -- Heat Treatment -- Summary -- References.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789400956940
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: 8
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Historical Sketch -- 2 The Production of Natural Perfumes -- 3 The Purchase and Use of Flower Absolutes -- 4 Odour Classification and Fixation -- 5 Monographs on Flower Perfumes -- 6 Miscellaneous Fancy Perfumes -- 7 Toilet Waters -- 8 Soap Perfumery -- 9 Tobacco Flavours -- 10 Floral Cachous -- 11 Incense and Fumigants -- 12 Sachets and Solid Perfumes -- 13 Fruit Flavours.
    Abstract: During the past decade there have been many changes in the perfumery industry which are not so much due to the discovery and application of new raw materials, but rather to the astronomic increase in the cost of labour required to produce them. This is reflected more particularly in the flower industry, where the cost of collecting the blossoms delivered to the factories has gone up year after year, so much so that most flowers with the possible exception of Mimosa, have reached a cost price which has compelled the perfumer to either reduce his purchases of absolutes and concretes, or alternatively to substitute them from a cheaper source, or even to discontinue their use. This development raises an important and almost insoluble problem for the perfumer, who is faced with the necessity of trying to keep unchanged the bouquet of his fragrances, and moreover, to ensure no loss of strength and diffusiveness. Of course, this problem applies more especially to the adjustment of formulae for established perfumes, because in every new creation the present high cost of raw materials receives imperative con­ sideration before the formula is approved.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Historical Sketch2 The Production of Natural Perfumes -- 3 The Purchase and Use of Flower Absolutes -- 4 Odour Classification and Fixation -- 5 Monographs on Flower Perfumes -- 6 Miscellaneous Fancy Perfumes -- 7 Toilet Waters -- 8 Soap Perfumery -- 9 Tobacco Flavours -- 10 Floral Cachous -- 11 Incense and Fumigants -- 12 Sachets and Solid Perfumes -- 13 Fruit Flavours.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401169011
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 281 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. What is ultrasound? -- The discovery of animal ultrasound -- The properties of ultrasound -- 2. Methods of detection and analysis -- Ultrasonic microphones -- Cathode-ray oscilloscopes -- Tape-recording and analysis -- Bat detectors -- 3. Bats -- The biology of bats -- The echo-location signals of bats -- Short-pulse echo-location in Megachiroptera -- Frequency sweep pulses in Microchiroptera -- Constant frequencies in Microchiroptera -- Mixed signals in Microchiroptera -- Sound production and emission in Microchiroptera -- Frequency-sweep bats -- Constant frequency bats -- Nose-leaves -- Hearing in the Microchiroptera -- Other senses and social use of ultrasound in Microchiroptera -- 4. Countermeasures by insects -- Noctuidae -- The evasive behaviour of noctuid moths -- Acoustic sensitivity of the tympanic organ -- Directionality -- Central co-ordination -- Arctiidae, Notodontidae and Ctenuchidae -- Pyralididae -- Sphingidae -- Geometridae -- Neuroptera -- Evolution -- 5. The songs of bush crickets (Tettigoniidae) -- The physics of strigilation in general -- The mechanism of sound production in tettigoniids -- The ultrasonic songs of tettigoniids -- The acoustic behaviour of tettigoniids -- The ability of tettigoniids to hear ultrasonic sounds -- Some further considerations -- 6. Other insects -- Gryllidae, crickets -- Gryllotalpidae, mole crickets -- Acrididae, grasshoppers and locusts -- Insects of other groups -- 7. Ultrasound in rodents -- The ultrasonic calls of infant rodents -- The physical characteristics of the calls -- The motivation for the emission of ultrasonic calls by infant rodents -- The role of infant distress calls in adult-young relationships -- Ultrasound and aggressive behaviour -- Rats -- Other myomorph rodents -- Social significance -- Ultrasound and mating behaviour -- Mice -- Rats -- Other myomorph rodents -- Social significance -- Other situations involving ultrasound emission in rodents -- The mechanism of ultrasound production in rodents -- The ability of rodents to hear high frequency sounds -- 8. Other vertebrate groups -- Birds -- Cetacea -- The sounds of odontocetes -- The site of sound production -- The ear of odontocetes -- Hearing in odontocetes -- Evidence for echo-location in odontocetes -- Other marine mammals -- Insectivora -- 9. Review and speculations -- Appendix Some formulae summarizing the rules of echo-location -- References -- Indexes.
    Abstract: In recent years there has been a rapid increase in the understanding of communication between animals and this is perhaps especially true of bio-acoustics. In the last 35 years a completely new branch of bio­ acoustics, involving ultrasounds, has been made possible by technical developments that now allow these inaudible sounds to be detected and studied. This subject has a personal fascination for the authors, perhaps because of the novelty of 'listening in' to these previously unknown sig­ nals, perhaps because of the wide variety of ways in which different animals use them. Many studies of different aspects of animal ultrasound have now been published and a review of them all seems to be timely. Ultrasound is is biologically arbitrary; other animals defined in human terms and may produce similar signals at lower frequencies for similar purposes. This book attempts to be comprehensive but the limits of the subject are rather difficult to define. It should be read in conjunction with other books on audible bio-acoustics. Each chapter has been written and may be read as a separate entity, although there is considerable cross-referencing. Chapters 1 and 2 form a common introduction and may help in understanding the later sections. The Appendix is not essential but is included for those who may be interested in the quanti­ tative aspects of the echo-location phenomena described in Chapters 3 and 8.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957183
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Chapman and Hall Chemistry Textbook Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Atomic and molecular orbitals -- 2 Aromaticity -- 3 The stereochemical requirements of concerted pericyclic reactions -- 4 The concept of the conservation of orbital symmetry -- 5 Alternative rationalizations-the aromaticity of pericyclic transition states -- 6 The organic chemistry of pericyclic reactions -- Appendix I Determinants -- Appendix II The solution of secular equations -- Appendix III HMO treatment of the cyclopropenyl system -- Appendix IV Answers to problems -- References.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : Birkhäuser Basel
    ISBN: 9783034859769
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (17 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Institut für Baustatik ETH Zürich 50
    Series Statement: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion 50
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400958746
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The concept of buffer action -- 1.2 Why are buffers needed? -- 1.3 Some naturally occurring buffers -- 2. The Theory of Buffer Action -- 2.1 Equilibrium aspects -- 2.2 Activity effects -- 2.3 Effect of dilution -- 2.4 Salt effects -- 2.5 Ampholytes and zwitterions -- 2.6 Buffer capacity -- 2.7 Pseudo buffers -- 2.8 Self buffers -- 2.9 Mixtures of buffers -- 2.10 Temperature dependence -- 2.11 Effect of pressure on buffers -- 2.12 Further reading -- 3. Applications of pH Buffers -- 3.1 Factors governing the choice of a buffer -- 3.2 Measurement of pH -- 3.3 Biochemistry and biology -- 3.4 Spectroscopy -- 3.5 Buffers for special applications -- 4. Practical Limitations in the Use of Buffers -- 4.1 Chemical problems -- 4.2 Biological effects -- 4.3 Influence on chemical reactions -- 5. New pH-Buffer Tables and Systems -- 5.1 On calculating buffer composition tables -- 5.2 On designing a new pH-buffer system -- 6. Buffers for use in Partially Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Solvents and Heavy Water -- 6.1 pH* Scales -- 6.2 pH* Buffers -- 6.3 The measurement of pH* -- 6.4 A universal pH scale -- 6.5 The pD scale and the measurement of pD -- 6.6 The use of pH* and pD buffers -- 6.7 Surfactants -- 7. Metal-ion Buffers -- 7.1 The concept of pM -- 7.2 Uses of metal-ion buffers -- 7.3 Calculation of pM -- 7.4 pH-Independent metal-ion buffers -- 7.5 Effects of pH buffer substances on pM -- 7.6 Anion buffers -- 7.7 Redox buffering -- 8. Purification of Substances Used in Buffers -- 9. Preparation of Buffer Solutions -- 10. Appendices -- Appendix I. Tables for constructing buffer tables -- Appendix II. Composition-pH tables of some commonly used buffers -- Appendix III. Thermodynamic acid dissociation constants of prospective buffer substances -- Appendix IV. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation -- References.
    Abstract: This book is intended as a practical manual for chemists, biologists and others whose work requires the use of pH or metal-ion buffers. Much information on buffers is scattered throughout the literature and it has been our endeavour to select data and instructions likely to be helpful in the choice of suitable buffer substances and for the preparation of appropriate solutions. For details of pH measurement and the preparation of standard acid and alkali solutions the reader is referred to a companion volume, A. Albert and E. P. Serjeant's The Determination of Ionization Constants (1971). Although the aims of the book are essentially practical, it also deals in some detail with those theoretical aspects considered most helpful to an understanding of buffer applications. We have cast our net widely to include pH buffers for particular purposes and for measurements in non-aqueous and mixed solvent systems. In recent years there has been a significant expansion in the range of available buffers, particularly for biological studies, largely in conse­ quence of the development of many zwiUerionic buffers by Good et al. (1966). These are described in Chapter 3.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction1.1 The concept of buffer action -- 1.2 Why are buffers needed? -- 1.3 Some naturally occurring buffers -- 2. The Theory of Buffer Action -- 2.1 Equilibrium aspects -- 2.2 Activity effects -- 2.3 Effect of dilution -- 2.4 Salt effects -- 2.5 Ampholytes and zwitterions -- 2.6 Buffer capacity -- 2.7 Pseudo buffers -- 2.8 Self buffers -- 2.9 Mixtures of buffers -- 2.10 Temperature dependence -- 2.11 Effect of pressure on buffers -- 2.12 Further reading -- 3. Applications of pH Buffers -- 3.1 Factors governing the choice of a buffer -- 3.2 Measurement of pH -- 3.3 Biochemistry and biology -- 3.4 Spectroscopy -- 3.5 Buffers for special applications -- 4. Practical Limitations in the Use of Buffers -- 4.1 Chemical problems -- 4.2 Biological effects -- 4.3 Influence on chemical reactions -- 5. New pH-Buffer Tables and Systems -- 5.1 On calculating buffer composition tables -- 5.2 On designing a new pH-buffer system -- 6. Buffers for use in Partially Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Solvents and Heavy Water -- 6.1 pH* Scales -- 6.2 pH* Buffers -- 6.3 The measurement of pH* -- 6.4 A universal pH scale -- 6.5 The pD scale and the measurement of pD -- 6.6 The use of pH* and pD buffers -- 6.7 Surfactants -- 7. Metal-ion Buffers -- 7.1 The concept of pM -- 7.2 Uses of metal-ion buffers -- 7.3 Calculation of pM -- 7.4 pH-Independent metal-ion buffers -- 7.5 Effects of pH buffer substances on pM -- 7.6 Anion buffers -- 7.7 Redox buffering -- 8. Purification of Substances Used in Buffers -- 9. Preparation of Buffer Solutions -- 10. Appendices -- Appendix I. Tables for constructing buffer tables -- Appendix II. Composition-pH tables of some commonly used buffers -- Appendix III. Thermodynamic acid dissociation constants of prospective buffer substances -- Appendix IV. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation -- References.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401021968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Discrete mathematics. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Vocabulary of Combinatorial Analysis -- 1.1. Subsets of a Set; Operations -- 1.2. Product Sets -- 1.3. Maps -- 1.4. Arrangements, Permutations -- 1.5. Combinations (without repetitions) or Blocks -- 1.6. Binomial Identity -- 1.7. Combinations with Repetitions -- 1.8. Subsets of [n], Random Walk -- 1.9. Subsets of Z/nZ -- 1.10. Divisions and Partitions of a Set; Multinomial Identity -- 1.11. Bound Variables -- 1.12. Formal Series -- 1.13. Generating Functions -- 1.14. List of the Principal Generating Functions -- 1.15. Bracketing Problems -- 1.16. Relations -- 1.17. Graphs -- 1.18. Digraphs; Functions from a Finite Set into Itself -- Supplement and Exercises -- II. Partitions of Integers -- 2.1. Definitions of Partitions of an Integer [n] -- 2.2. Generating Functions of p(n) and P(n, m) -- 2.3. Conditional Partitions -- 2.4. Ferrers Diagrams -- 2.5. Special Identities; ‘Formal’ and ‘Combinatorial’ Proofs -- 2.6. Partitions with Forbidden Summands; Denumerants -- Supplement and Exercises -- III. Identities and Expansions -- 3.1. Expansion of a Product of Sums; Abel Identity -- 3.2. Product of Formal Series; Leibniz Formula -- 3.3. Bell Polynomials -- 3.4. Substitution of One Formal Series into Another; Formula of Faà di Bruno -- 3.5. Logarithmic and Potential Polynomials -- 3.6. Inversion Formulas and Matrix Calculus -- 3.7. Fractionary Iterates of Formal Series -- 3.8. Inversion Formula of Lagrange -- 3.9. Finite Summation Formulas -- Supplement and Exercises -- IV. Sieve Formulas -- 4.1. Number of Elements of a Union or Intersection -- 4.2. The ‘problème des rencontres’ -- 4.3. The ‘problème des ménages’ -- 4.4. Boolean Algebra Generated by a System of Subsets -- 4.5. The Method of Rényi for Linear Inequalities -- 4.6. Poincaré Formula -- 4.7. Bonferroni Inequalities -- 4.8. Formulas of Ch. Jordan -- 4.9. Permanents -- Supplement and Exercises -- V. Stirling Numbers -- 5.1. Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind S(n, k) and Partitions of Sets -- 5.2. Generating Functions for S(n, k) -- 5.3. Recurrence Relations between the S(n, k) -- 5.4. The Number ?(n) of Partitions or Equivalence Relations of a Set with n Elements -- 5.5. Stirling Numbers of the First Kind s(n, k) and their Generating Functions -- 5.6. Recurrence Relations between the s(n, k) -- 5.7. The Values of s(n, k) -- 5.8. Congruence Problems -- Supplement and Exercises -- VI. Permutations -- 6.1. The Symmetric Group -- 6.2. Counting Problems Related to Decomposition in Cycles; Return to Stirling Numbers of the First Kind -- 6.3. Multipermutations -- 6.4. Inversions of a Permutation of [n] -- 6.5. Permutations by Number of Rises; Eulerian Numbers -- 6.6. Groups of Permutations; Cycle Indicator Polynomial; Burnside Theorem -- 6.7. Theorem of Pólya -- Supplement and Exercises -- VII. Examples of Inequalities and Estimates -- 7.1. Convexity and Unimodality of Combinatorial Sequences -- 7.2. Sperner Systems -- 7.3. Asymptotic Study of the Number of Regular Graphs of Order Two on N -- 7.4. Random Permutations -- 7.5. Theorem of Ramsey -- 7.6. Binary (Bicolour) Ramsey Numbers -- 7.7. Squares in Relations -- Supplement and Exercises -- Fundamental Numerical Tables -- Factorials with Their Prime Factor Decomposition -- Binomial Coefficients -- Partitions of Integers -- Bell Polynomials -- Logarithmic Polynomials -- Partially Ordinary Bell polynomials -- Multinomial Coefficients -- Stirling Numbers of the First Kind -- Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind and Exponential Numbers.
    Abstract: Notwithstanding its title, the reader will not find in this book a systematic account of this huge subject. Certain classical aspects have been passed by, and the true title ought to be "Various questions of elementary combina­ torial analysis". For instance, we only touch upon the subject of graphs and configurations, but there exists a very extensive and good literature on this subject. For this we refer the reader to the bibliography at the end of the volume. The true beginnings of combinatorial analysis (also called combina­ tory analysis) coincide with the beginnings of probability theory in the 17th century. For about two centuries it vanished as an autonomous sub­ ject. But the advance of statistics, with an ever-increasing demand for configurations as well as the advent and development of computers, have, beyond doubt, contributed to reinstating this subject after such a long period of negligence. For a long time the aim of combinatorial analysis was to count the different ways of arranging objects under given circumstances. Hence, many of the traditional problems of analysis or geometry which are con­ cerned at a certain moment with finite structures, have a combinatorial character. Today, combinatorial analysis is also relevant to problems of existence, estimation and structuration, like all other parts of mathema­ tics, but exclusively forjinite sets.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Vocabulary of Combinatorial Analysis1.1. Subsets of a Set; Operations -- 1.2. Product Sets -- 1.3. Maps -- 1.4. Arrangements, Permutations -- 1.5. Combinations (without repetitions) or Blocks -- 1.6. Binomial Identity -- 1.7. Combinations with Repetitions -- 1.8. Subsets of [n], Random Walk -- 1.9. Subsets of Z/nZ -- 1.10. Divisions and Partitions of a Set; Multinomial Identity -- 1.11. Bound Variables -- 1.12. Formal Series -- 1.13. Generating Functions -- 1.14. List of the Principal Generating Functions -- 1.15. Bracketing Problems -- 1.16. Relations -- 1.17. Graphs -- 1.18. Digraphs; Functions from a Finite Set into Itself -- Supplement and Exercises -- II. Partitions of Integers -- 2.1. Definitions of Partitions of an Integer [n] -- 2.2. Generating Functions of p(n) and P(n, m) -- 2.3. Conditional Partitions -- 2.4. Ferrers Diagrams -- 2.5. Special Identities; ‘Formal’ and ‘Combinatorial’ Proofs -- 2.6. Partitions with Forbidden Summands; Denumerants -- Supplement and Exercises -- III. Identities and Expansions -- 3.1. Expansion of a Product of Sums; Abel Identity -- 3.2. Product of Formal Series; Leibniz Formula -- 3.3. Bell Polynomials -- 3.4. Substitution of One Formal Series into Another; Formula of Faà di Bruno -- 3.5. Logarithmic and Potential Polynomials -- 3.6. Inversion Formulas and Matrix Calculus -- 3.7. Fractionary Iterates of Formal Series -- 3.8. Inversion Formula of Lagrange -- 3.9. Finite Summation Formulas -- Supplement and Exercises -- IV. Sieve Formulas -- 4.1. Number of Elements of a Union or Intersection -- 4.2. The ‘problème des rencontres’ -- 4.3. The ‘problème des ménages’ -- 4.4. Boolean Algebra Generated by a System of Subsets -- 4.5. The Method of Rényi for Linear Inequalities -- 4.6. Poincaré Formula -- 4.7. Bonferroni Inequalities -- 4.8. Formulas of Ch. Jordan -- 4.9. Permanents -- Supplement and Exercises -- V. Stirling Numbers -- 5.1. Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind S(n, k) and Partitions of Sets -- 5.2. Generating Functions for S(n, k) -- 5.3. Recurrence Relations between the S(n, k) -- 5.4. The Number ?(n) of Partitions or Equivalence Relations of a Set with n Elements -- 5.5. Stirling Numbers of the First Kind s(n, k) and their Generating Functions -- 5.6. Recurrence Relations between the s(n, k) -- 5.7. The Values of s(n, k) -- 5.8. Congruence Problems -- Supplement and Exercises -- VI. Permutations -- 6.1. The Symmetric Group -- 6.2. Counting Problems Related to Decomposition in Cycles; Return to Stirling Numbers of the First Kind -- 6.3. Multipermutations -- 6.4. Inversions of a Permutation of [n] -- 6.5. Permutations by Number of Rises; Eulerian Numbers -- 6.6. Groups of Permutations; Cycle Indicator Polynomial; Burnside Theorem -- 6.7. Theorem of Pólya -- Supplement and Exercises -- VII. Examples of Inequalities and Estimates -- 7.1. Convexity and Unimodality of Combinatorial Sequences -- 7.2. Sperner Systems -- 7.3. Asymptotic Study of the Number of Regular Graphs of Order Two on N -- 7.4. Random Permutations -- 7.5. Theorem of Ramsey -- 7.6. Binary (Bicolour) Ramsey Numbers -- 7.7. Squares in Relations -- Supplement and Exercises -- Fundamental Numerical Tables -- Factorials with Their Prime Factor Decomposition -- Binomial Coefficients -- Partitions of Integers -- Bell Polynomials -- Logarithmic Polynomials -- Partially Ordinary Bell polynomials -- Multinomial Coefficients -- Stirling Numbers of the First Kind -- Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind and Exponential Numbers.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475700497
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Music.
    Abstract: I The German Language -- II France -- III Russia, Scandinavia and Eastern Europe -- IV Italy, Spain and the rest of Europe -- V The English Language -- Epilogue -- Index of composers and poets -- Index of titles and first lines.
    Abstract: W HAT I H A V E attempted in this book is a survey of song; the kind of song which one finds variously described as 'concert', 'art', or sometimes even 'classical song'. 'Concert song' seems the most useful, certainly the least inexact or misleading, of some descriptions, especially since 'art song' sounds primly off­ putting, and 'classical song' really ought to be used only to refer to songs written during the classical period, i. e. the 18th century. Concert song clearly means the kind of songs one hears sung at concerts or recitals. Addressing myself to the general music-lover who, though he possesses no special knowledge of the song literature, is never­ theless interested enough in songs and their singers to attend recitals of Lieder or of songs in various languages, I have naturally confined myself to that period of time in which the vast majority of these songs was composed, though not necessarily only to those composers whose songs have survived to be remembered in recital programmes today. I suppose this to be roughly the three centuries covered by the years 1650-1950, though most of the songs we, as audiences, know and love were composed in the middle of this period, in other words in the 19th century.
    Description / Table of Contents: I The German LanguageII France -- III Russia, Scandinavia and Eastern Europe -- IV Italy, Spain and the rest of Europe -- V The English Language -- Epilogue -- Index of composers and poets -- Index of titles and first lines.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401181204
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Basic Data -- 1.1 Ultimate pressure(pu) -- 1.2 Evolution of gas from materials -- 1.3 Permeation of gases through solids -- 1.4 Gas flow in vacuum systems -- 1.5 Pump fluids, sealing compounds and greases -- References -- 2. Vacuum Equipment -- 2.1 Vacuum pumps, valves and accessories -- 2.2 Vacuum instrumentation -- 2.3 Vacuum process plant and vacuum systems -- 2.4 Manufacturers’ names and addresses -- 3. Recent Developments in Vacuum Science and Technology -- 3.1 Vacuum pumps; recent developments -- References -- 3.2 Vacuum instruments for the analysis of surfaces -- References -- 3.3 Ion impact sputtering: particle emission related to apparatus design and thin film growth -- References -- Manufacturers’ Index -- Equipment Index -- Advertisers’ Index.
    Abstract: Vacuum apparatus is widely used in research and industrial establishments for providing and monitoring the working environments required for the operation of many kinds of scientific instruments and process plant. The vacuum conditions needed range from the relatively coarse vacuum requirements in applications covering diverse fields such as food packaging, dentistry (investment casting), vacuum forming, vacuum metallur­ gical processes, vacuum impregnation, molecular distillation, vacuum drying and freeze drying etc. to the other extreme involving the highest possible vacuum as in particle accelerators, space technology -both in simulation and outer space, and research studies of atomically clean surfaces and pure condensed metal films. Vacua commence with the rough vacuum region, i.e. from atmosphere to 100 Pa * passing 6 through medium vacuum of 100 Pa to 0·1 Pa and high vacuum of 0·1 Pa to 1 J.lPa (10- Pa) until ultra high vacuum is reached below 1 J.lPa to the limit of measurable pressure about 12 I pPa (10- Pa).
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Basic Data1.1 Ultimate pressure(pu) -- 1.2 Evolution of gas from materials -- 1.3 Permeation of gases through solids -- 1.4 Gas flow in vacuum systems -- 1.5 Pump fluids, sealing compounds and greases -- References -- 2. Vacuum Equipment -- 2.1 Vacuum pumps, valves and accessories -- 2.2 Vacuum instrumentation -- 2.3 Vacuum process plant and vacuum systems -- 2.4 Manufacturers’ names and addresses -- 3. Recent Developments in Vacuum Science and Technology -- 3.1 Vacuum pumps; recent developments -- References -- 3.2 Vacuum instruments for the analysis of surfaces -- References -- 3.3 Ion impact sputtering: particle emission related to apparatus design and thin film growth -- References -- Manufacturers’ Index -- Equipment Index -- Advertisers’ Index.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400956827
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I The Physics of Grain Movement -- 1 Sand and Dust -- 2 The Behaviour of Sand Grains in the Air -- 3 Wind-Tunnel Observations -- 4 The Surface Wind -- 5 The Effect of Sand Movement on the Surface Wind -- 6 Confirmatory Measurements in the Desert -- 7 Threshold Wind Speed and Size of Sand Grain -- 8 Summary of the Physics of Grain Movement -- II Small-Scale Effects. Grain Size Distribution. Surface Ripples and Ridges -- 9 Grading Diagrams -- 10 Grading Changes in Non-Uniform Sand -- 11 Surface Ripples and Ridges -- III Large-Scale Effects. Sand Accumulation. Dunes. Internal Structure, Etc. -- 12 Conditions for the Growth of a Sand Surface -- 13 Sand Shadows and Sand Drifts. General Factors on Which Dune Shape Depends -- 14 The Barchan Dune -- 15 The Longitudinal or Seif Dune. The Whaleback -- 16 The Internal Structure of Sand Deposits -- 17 ‘ Singing Sands ’.
    Abstract: THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM THIS book results from an attempt to explain on a basis of experimental physics some of the many strange phenomena produced by the natural movement of sand over the dry land of the Earth. The subject is but one aspect of a far wider problem which is still very imperfectly grasped-the transport of solid particles of any kind by fluids in general. Here the difficulty has been, and still is, that no one branch of science has attempted to deal with the problem as a whole, or to co-ordinate the vast amount of piecemeal work by students of different outlook in many unrelated fields. The carriage of silt by rivers has received a great deal of attention from engineers. But owing to the difficulties of direct measurement, to the expense and labour of conducting full-scale experiments, and to a failure to find agreement as to the basic quantities upon which a theoretical edifice may be built, the published results are far from satisfactory. Little has emerged except empirical formulae; and these are rarely capable of reliable application to conditions other than those under which they were evolved. The drifting of snow is of direct interest to transport authorities in many countries, to meteorologists engaged in the study of rainfall, to ski-runners and to mountaineers. Yet no means has been found whereby the precipitation can be gauged, or the rate of drift related to the strength of the wind.
    Description / Table of Contents: I The Physics of Grain Movement1 Sand and Dust -- 2 The Behaviour of Sand Grains in the Air -- 3 Wind-Tunnel Observations -- 4 The Surface Wind -- 5 The Effect of Sand Movement on the Surface Wind -- 6 Confirmatory Measurements in the Desert -- 7 Threshold Wind Speed and Size of Sand Grain -- 8 Summary of the Physics of Grain Movement -- II Small-Scale Effects. Grain Size Distribution. Surface Ripples and Ridges -- 9 Grading Diagrams -- 10 Grading Changes in Non-Uniform Sand -- 11 Surface Ripples and Ridges -- III Large-Scale Effects. Sand Accumulation. Dunes. Internal Structure, Etc. -- 12 Conditions for the Growth of a Sand Surface -- 13 Sand Shadows and Sand Drifts. General Factors on Which Dune Shape Depends -- 14 The Barchan Dune -- 15 The Longitudinal or Seif Dune. The Whaleback -- 16 The Internal Structure of Sand Deposits -- 17 ‘ Singing Sands ’.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400956919
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Seventh Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: A dictionary of the raw materials of perfumery -- Plate 1 View of plant used for steam distillation of clove oil -- Plate 2 Complex of reactors used for preparation of perfumery raw materials -- Plate 3 View of a distillation plant used for the clarification of essential oil -- Plate 4 Cleaning out a still used for Spike Lavender in the Cuena district of Spain -- Plate 5 View of stainless steel storage tanks -- Plate 6 View of a modern perfumery distillation plant.
    Abstract: It is now fifteen years since the last edition of this reference volume appeared and during this time new materials have appeared and some have fallen into disuse. The present edition is the result of much revision and some deletion and an effort has been made to bring the information up-to-date and in conformity with current practice. Of recent years several speciality materials have appeared, and a number of these are included where their chemical composition is known. Speciality materials of vague composition are not included. For many of the compounds listed several alternative names are in use, some of which from the chemist's point of view are either inadequate, ambiguous, or occasionally actually misleading. In this edition the compounds have been listed under names which are considered to be chemically satisfactory and which, at the same time, should be reasonably familiar to perfumers; they do not necessarily contain full information as to the structure of the com­ pound and they make free use of widely accepted trivial names. In most of the entries this is followed by a systematic name which defines the chemical structure, while synonyms which are in use, though sometimes chemically unsatisfactory, are given in brackets, with a cross-reference to the main entry. Prefixes denoting structural features, such as n-, iso-, cis-, trans-, 0-, m-, p-, and so on are disregarded in the alphabetical listing.
    Description / Table of Contents: A dictionary of the raw materials of perfumeryPlate 1 View of plant used for steam distillation of clove oil -- Plate 2 Complex of reactors used for preparation of perfumery raw materials -- Plate 3 View of a distillation plant used for the clarification of essential oil -- Plate 4 Cleaning out a still used for Spike Lavender in the Cuena district of Spain -- Plate 5 View of stainless steel storage tanks -- Plate 6 View of a modern perfumery distillation plant.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9781461344872
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I. Excitability and Relationships Between the Initial and Critical Values of the Membrane Potential -- Changes in Vt associated with primary shifts of Er -- Changes in Vt resulting from a primary shift of Ec -- II. The Resting Potential -- III. Passive and Subthreshold Active Changes in the Membrane Potential -- Passive changes of membrane potential -- The local response -- IV. The Action Potential -- Historical -- Effect of changes in external and internal sodium and potassium ion concentrations on action potential generation -- Movement of ions through the membrane during activity -- Evidence for subdivision of the ionic currents -- Changes in ionic permeability -- Quantitative description of ionic currents -- V. Dependence of Action Potential Parameters on the Constants of Membrane Ionic Permeability -- Maximal sodium permeability $$\rm \overline P _{Na} $$Na -- Steady-state sodium inactivation (1 - h?) and time constant Th -- Reactivity of the sodium system (sensitivity of PNa to changes in membrane potential) -- The threshold potential -- Maximal steepness of rise of the ascending phase of the action potential -- Amplitude of the action potential -- Duration of the action potential -- Time constant of sodium activation Tm -- Maximal potassium permeability $$\rm \overline P _K $$ -- Reactivity of the potassium system (sensitivity of $$\rm \overline P _K $$ to changes in membrane potential) -- Effects of an increase in reactivity of thepotassium system -- Effects of a decrease in reactivity of the potassium activating system -- Time constant of potassium activation (Tn) -- Assessment of the character of changes in ionic permeability of the membrane from changes in the action potential -- VI. Analysis of Threshold Conditions of Stimulation and the Relationship Between the Threshold Current and Threshold Potential -- The strength versus duration curve -- Character of critical depolarization of the membrane during the action of pulses of current of different duration. Nature of the utilization time -- Relationship between the threshold current and the passive and active properties of the membrane -- VII. Role of the Rate of Change of the Stimulus. The Phenomenon of Accommodation -- The accommodation curve -- The mechanism of accommodation -- Minimal gradient as a function of the constants of ionic permeability of the membrane -- Accommodation and repetitive responses -- VIII. Cable Properties and Geometry of Excitable Structures and Parameters of Their Electrical Activity -- The propagated action potential -- Threshold conditions of stimulation -- The threshold potential -- The threshold current -- The strength versus duration curve -- Repetitive responses in a continuous axon -- Effects of stimulation of excitable structures with a functionally nonuniform membrane -- The relationship between the velocity of conductance of the action potential and the cable properties and excitability of the fiber -- Conduction of impulses along a nonuniform fiber -- Some properties of spike conduction from a medullated into a nonmedullated segment of a nerve fiber -- Compensatory changes in ionic currents during conduction of the impulse along a nonuniform fiber -- IX. Molecular Mechanisms of Ionic Permeability of the Excitable Membrane -- Functional architecture of the excitable membrane -- The hypothesis of ionic carriers -- The hypothesis of ion pores -- Hypotheses on conformational changes in the membrane -- Investigations of mechanisms of the changes in ionic permeability on artificial membranes -- Precipitation membranes -- Phospholipid membranes -- Conclusion -- Addendum.
    Abstract: The Russian edition of this book appeared in 1969 and im­ mediately gained widespread recognition as a reference work for research workers interested in the physiology, biophysics, and pharmacology of excitable tissues. There are several reasons for the book's success. It deals with a key problem in biology which has recently been the subject of very intensive study and it is of great interest to a wide scientific audience. Not only the fundamentals of the modern membrane theory of biopotentials, but also the vast factual material collected in the last decades by the study of the biophysical and pharmacological properties of the ionic permeability pores of the cell membrane, are described in the book in an authoritative yet readable form. Special attention is paid in the book to the systematic analysis of the consequences of the Hodgkin-Huxley mathematical theory of the nervous impulse for the problem of excitability. The relationship between the various parameters of excitability (threshold potential, threshold current, useful time), accommodation, and the action potential on the one hand, and the constants of ionic permeability of the nerve fiber membrane, on the other hand, is subjected to detailed examination in this context. To do this, the author has made extensive use not only of experimental results obtained on isolated fibers (especially single nodes of Ran­ vier), but also the results of his own investigations on mathematical models of excitable membranes.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Excitability and Relationships Between the Initial and Critical Values of the Membrane PotentialChanges in Vt associated with primary shifts of Er -- Changes in Vt resulting from a primary shift of Ec -- II. The Resting Potential -- III. Passive and Subthreshold Active Changes in the Membrane Potential -- Passive changes of membrane potential -- The local response -- IV. The Action Potential -- Historical -- Effect of changes in external and internal sodium and potassium ion concentrations on action potential generation -- Movement of ions through the membrane during activity -- Evidence for subdivision of the ionic currents -- Changes in ionic permeability -- Quantitative description of ionic currents -- V. Dependence of Action Potential Parameters on the Constants of Membrane Ionic Permeability -- Maximal sodium permeability $$\rm \overline P _{Na} $$Na -- Steady-state sodium inactivation (1 - h?) and time constant Th -- Reactivity of the sodium system (sensitivity of PNa to changes in membrane potential) -- The threshold potential -- Maximal steepness of rise of the ascending phase of the action potential -- Amplitude of the action potential -- Duration of the action potential -- Time constant of sodium activation Tm -- Maximal potassium permeability $$\rm \overline P _K $$ -- Reactivity of the potassium system (sensitivity of $$\rm \overline P _K $$ to changes in membrane potential) -- Effects of an increase in reactivity of thepotassium system -- Effects of a decrease in reactivity of the potassium activating system -- Time constant of potassium activation (Tn) -- Assessment of the character of changes in ionic permeability of the membrane from changes in the action potential -- VI. Analysis of Threshold Conditions of Stimulation and the Relationship Between the Threshold Current and Threshold Potential -- The strength versus duration curve -- Character of critical depolarization of the membrane during the action of pulses of current of different duration. Nature of the utilization time -- Relationship between the threshold current and the passive and active properties of the membrane -- VII. Role of the Rate of Change of the Stimulus. The Phenomenon of Accommodation -- The accommodation curve -- The mechanism of accommodation -- Minimal gradient as a function of the constants of ionic permeability of the membrane -- Accommodation and repetitive responses -- VIII. Cable Properties and Geometry of Excitable Structures and Parameters of Their Electrical Activity -- The propagated action potential -- Threshold conditions of stimulation -- The threshold potential -- The threshold current -- The strength versus duration curve -- Repetitive responses in a continuous axon -- Effects of stimulation of excitable structures with a functionally nonuniform membrane -- The relationship between the velocity of conductance of the action potential and the cable properties and excitability of the fiber -- Conduction of impulses along a nonuniform fiber -- Some properties of spike conduction from a medullated into a nonmedullated segment of a nerve fiber -- Compensatory changes in ionic currents during conduction of the impulse along a nonuniform fiber -- IX. Molecular Mechanisms of Ionic Permeability of the Excitable Membrane -- Functional architecture of the excitable membrane -- The hypothesis of ionic carriers -- The hypothesis of ion pores -- Hypotheses on conformational changes in the membrane -- Investigations of mechanisms of the changes in ionic permeability on artificial membranes -- Precipitation membranes -- Phospholipid membranes -- Conclusion -- Addendum.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400957107
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: One: Behaviour -- 1. Incubation Requirements -- 2. General Development, Postural Changes, Activity and Relationship between the Embryo and Other Structures within the Shell -- 3. Vocalization and Communication in the Natural Situation -- 4. Effects of External Stimulation on Embryonic Activity, Rate of Development and Time of Hatching -- 5. The Nervous System -- 6. The Development of Sensory Systems -- 7. Conditioning of the Chick Embryo and Conclusions to Chapters 1–7 -- 8. The Newly Hatched Bird -- Two: Physiology -- 9. Gaseous Exchange and Oxygenation of the Embryo -- 10. Nutrition and Utilization of Albumen and Yolk -- 11. Acid-base Balance -- 12. Excretion and Water Balance -- 13. Hormones in Development -- 14. Mobilization and Utilization of Calcium Stores -- 15. Physiology of Hatching -- 16. The Neonate -- Appendix 1: Chronology of development in the domestic fowl -- Appendix 2: Development of the chick embryo in relation to the shell, yolk, albumen and extra-embryonic membranes by Beryl Tolhurst -- References.
    Abstract: In this book we have described the major events of embryonic development and considered the underlying mechanisms which result in the production of a viable hatchling. We have, as the subtitle of the book indicates, con­ centrated on behavioural and physiological topics: it is not our purpose to consider the early embryology of the bird - which is adequately covered by other texts - but we have included morphogenetic information where appropriate. The form of the book was dictated by a belief that interest in this aspect of development is not confined to embryologists, biochemists and physiolo­ gists. Therefore after describing the conditions in which the egg normally develops we have considered first the whole embryo: what it is like at different stages, what it does, how it gets from one position to another within the shell and how, later, it comes to interact with the wider environ­ ment of the nest. Only after this have we considered the development of the nervous and sensory mechanisms on which this transformation depends and on the problem of the level of behavioural maturity with which the chick emerges from the egg. With the main lines of development described we have, in the second part of the book, turned to a detailed consideration of the physiology of development: ranging from what may be conveniently described as the 'life-support' systems - gaseous exchange, provision of energy, etc. - to the of hormones in avian development.
    Description / Table of Contents: One: Behaviour1. Incubation Requirements -- 2. General Development, Postural Changes, Activity and Relationship between the Embryo and Other Structures within the Shell -- 3. Vocalization and Communication in the Natural Situation -- 4. Effects of External Stimulation on Embryonic Activity, Rate of Development and Time of Hatching -- 5. The Nervous System -- 6. The Development of Sensory Systems -- 7. Conditioning of the Chick Embryo and Conclusions to Chapters 1-7 -- 8. The Newly Hatched Bird -- Two: Physiology -- 9. Gaseous Exchange and Oxygenation of the Embryo -- 10. Nutrition and Utilization of Albumen and Yolk -- 11. Acid-base Balance -- 12. Excretion and Water Balance -- 13. Hormones in Development -- 14. Mobilization and Utilization of Calcium Stores -- 15. Physiology of Hatching -- 16. The Neonate -- Appendix 1: Chronology of development in the domestic fowl -- Appendix 2: Development of the chick embryo in relation to the shell, yolk, albumen and extra-embryonic membranes by Beryl Tolhurst -- References.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468426946
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: The Objective of Database Management -- Relational Data Base Systems: A Tutorial -- A Relational Data Management System -- A Data Base Search Problem -- An Experiment with a Relational Data Base System in Environmental Research -- Special Topic Data Base Development -- BOLTS: A Retrieval Language for Tree-Structured Data Base Systems -- An Algorithm for Maintaining Dynamic AVL Trees -- SPIRAL’s Autoindexing and Searching Algorithms -- SEFIRE : A Sequential Feedback Interactive Retrieval System -- An Analysis of Document Retrieval Systems Using a Generalized Model -- Information Systems for Urban Problem Solvers -- EMISARI: A Management Information System Designed to Aid and Involve People -- Transferability and Translation of Programs and Data -- Processing Systems Optimization through Automatic Design and Reorganization of Program Modules -- Verification and Checking of APL Programs -- G/PL/I: Extending PL/I for Graph Processing -- A Unified Approach to the Evaluation of a Class of Replacement Algorithms -- Quantitative Timing Analysis and Verification for File Organization Modeling -- A Mathematical Model for Computer-Assisted Document Creation -- Representing Geographic Information for Efficient Computer Search -- A Syntactic Pattern Recognition System with Learning Capability -- Optimization in Nonhierarchic Clustering -- Nonparametric Learning Using Contextual Information.
    Abstract: Ten years ago the first International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences (COINS-63) was held at Northwestern University. Since that time, computer and information sciences have witnessed a great intensification of research and education. The activities in this field have been significantly broadened and enriched. During this ten-year period, we have organized four COINS symposia to provide a forum for promoting com­ munication among scientists, engineers, and educators in the computer and information science field and to act as a catalyzer for stimulating creative thinking within the community of information processing. The COINS-72 symposium, which took place in Miami Beach on December 14--16,1972, under the cosponsorship of the U.S. Army Research Office, the Atomic Energy Commission, and the University of Florida, is the fourth International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences. The theme of this COINS symposium is information systems. This theme has been selected for the following reasons: Information systems have offered widespread applications in education, government, industry, and science. The bulk of research in computer and information science is now geared to the development of improved information systems. A major portion of software engineering is concerned with computer software and sophisticated information system design. It seems logical that a symposium on information systems should follow the preceding software engineering conference.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Objective of Database ManagementRelational Data Base Systems: A Tutorial -- A Relational Data Management System -- A Data Base Search Problem -- An Experiment with a Relational Data Base System in Environmental Research -- Special Topic Data Base Development -- BOLTS: A Retrieval Language for Tree-Structured Data Base Systems -- An Algorithm for Maintaining Dynamic AVL Trees -- SPIRAL’s Autoindexing and Searching Algorithms -- SEFIRE : A Sequential Feedback Interactive Retrieval System -- An Analysis of Document Retrieval Systems Using a Generalized Model -- Information Systems for Urban Problem Solvers -- EMISARI: A Management Information System Designed to Aid and Involve People -- Transferability and Translation of Programs and Data -- Processing Systems Optimization through Automatic Design and Reorganization of Program Modules -- Verification and Checking of APL Programs -- G/PL/I: Extending PL/I for Graph Processing -- A Unified Approach to the Evaluation of a Class of Replacement Algorithms -- Quantitative Timing Analysis and Verification for File Organization Modeling -- A Mathematical Model for Computer-Assisted Document Creation -- Representing Geographic Information for Efficient Computer Search -- A Syntactic Pattern Recognition System with Learning Capability -- Optimization in Nonhierarchic Clustering -- Nonparametric Learning Using Contextual Information.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 0-07-032454-9
    Language: English
    Edition: 2nd ed.
    Keywords: Nordamerika Indianer, präkolumbianisch ; Prähistorie, NA ; Archäologie
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  • 33
  • 34
    Language: English
    Keywords: Nordamerika USA ; Araber, Vorderasien ; Migration ; Akkulturation ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Soziales Leben
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  • 35
    Language: German
    Keywords: Südost-Afrika Mosambik ; Archäologie ; Eisenzeit, Afrika ; Hochschulschrift
    Note: Frankfurt am Main, Magister-Hausarbeit von [1974].
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  • 36
    Article
    Article
    In:  Libyca 22, 1974, S. 49-91.
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Libyca
    Angaben zur Quelle: 22, 1974, S. 49-91.
    Keywords: Nordafrika Kabylei ; Mittelmeerküste ; Epipaläolithikum ; Capsien ; Iberomaurusien ; Archäologie
    Note: By E. C. Saxon, with contributions by A. Close, C. Cluzel, V. Morse, N. J. Shackleton
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401097963
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 93 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Problem Solvers 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 What is a Stochastic Process? -- 2 Results from Probability Theory -- 2.1 Introduction to probability theory -- 2.2 Bivariate distributions -- 2.3 Multivariate distributions -- 2.4 Probability generating functions -- 2.5 Characteristic functions -- 3 The Random Walk -- 3.1 The unrestricted random walk -- 3.2 Types of stochastic process -- 3.3 The gambler’s ruin -- 3.4 Generalisations of the random-walk model -- 4 Markov Chains -- 4.1 Definitions -- 4.2 Equilibrium distributions -- 4.3 Applications -- 4.4 Classification of the states of a Markov chain -- 5 The Poisson Process -- 6 Markov Chalns with Continuous Time Parameters -- 6.1 The theory -- 6.2 Applications -- 7 Non-Markov Processes in Continuous Time with Discrete State Spaces -- 7.1 Renewal theory -- 7.2 Population processes -- 7.3 Queuing theory -- 8 Diffusion Processes -- Recommendations For Further Reading.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468426045
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 286 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Masters Theses Listed by Study Discipline -- 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communications Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by TPRC at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemina­ tion phases of the activity was transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we have concluded that it will be in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by a well-known publishing house to assure improved service and better communication. Hence, effective with this Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences will be disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. As we embark on this new partnership with Plenum, we also initiate a new venture in that this important annual reference work now covers Canadian universities as well as those in the United States. We are sure that this broader base will greatly enhance the value of these volumes.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957053
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 204 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Chapman and Hall Mathematics Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The optimization problem -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Problem definition -- 1.3 Optimization in one dimension -- 1.4 Optimization in n dimensions -- 2 Single variable optimization -- 2.1 Review of methods -- 2.2 The Fibonacci search -- 2.3 The Golden Section search -- 2.4 The Algorithm of Davies, Swann, and Campey -- 3 Multi-variable optimization -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Search methods -- 3.3 Gradient methods -- 4 Advanced methods -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 General considerations -- 4.3 Advanced search methods -- 4.4 Advanced gradient methods -- 4.5 Minimax methods -- 5 Constrained optimization -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Kuhn-Tucker conditions -- 5.3 Constrained optimization techniques -- 5.4 Direct search methods with constraints -- 5.5 Small step gradient methods -- 5.6 Sequential unconstrained methods -- 5.7 Large step gradient methods -- 5.8 Lagrangian methods -- 5.9 General considerations -- 5.10 Conclusion -- References -- Further reading.
    Abstract: During the last decade the techniques of non-linear optim­ ization have emerged as an important subject for study and research. The increasingly widespread application of optim­ ization has been stimulated by the availability of digital computers, and the necessity of using them in the investigation of large systems. This book is an introduction to non-linear methods of optimization and is suitable for undergraduate and post­ graduate courses in mathematics, the physical and social sciences, and engineering. The first half of the book covers the basic optimization techniques including linear search methods, steepest descent, least squares, and the Newton-Raphson method. These are described in detail, with worked numerical examples, since they form the basis from which advanced methods are derived. Since 1965 advanced methods of unconstrained and constrained optimization have been developed to utilise the computational power of the digital computer. The second half of the book describes fully important algorithms in current use such as variable metric methods for unconstrained problems and penalty function methods for constrained problems. Recent work, much of which has not yet been widely applied, is reviewed and compared with currently popular techniques under a few generic main headings. vi PREFACE Chapter I describes the optimization problem in mathemat­ ical form and defines the terminology used in the remainder of the book. Chapter 2 is concerned with single variable optimization. The main algorithms of both search and approximation methods are developed in detail since they are an essential part of many multi-variable methods.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401168991
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 115 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A Review of the Principles of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Electric and Magnetic Fields -- 2 Electrical Machines -- 3 Power Networks -- 4 Ionized Gases -- Appendix Three-phase Circuits and Systems.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461582465
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Data Organization and Access Methods -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Linear Lists and Processes -- 2.1. Linear List Structures -- 2.2. Storage Representation of Linear List Structures -- 2.3. Computer Storage of Linked Lists -- 2.4. List Processing Languages -- 3. Array Structures -- 4. Tree Structures -- 5. Multilinked Structures -- 6. Data Base Design and Management -- 7. Some Information Handling Systems -- 8. Summary and Conclusions -- 2 Design of Software for On-Line Minicomputer Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Keys to Minicomputer Software Organization -- 3. Minicomputer Applications and Their Software Requirements -- References -- 3 A Survey of the Status of Microprogramming -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Evolution of Microprogramming -- 3. Architectural Variations in Current Microprogrammed Systems -- 4. Emulation -- 5. Microprogrammed Implementation of Key Operating System and Language Translation Primitives -- 6. Microdiagnostics -- 7. Microprogrammed Implementation of New I/O and Memory Devices -- 8. Strategies for Microprogram Optimization -- 9. Applications of Microprogramming -- 10. Problem Areas and Future Prospects -- 11. Conclusions -- References -- 4 Some Grammars and Recognizers for Formal and Natural Languages -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Grammars and Languages -- 3. Recognizers and Acceptor Automata -- 4. Transformational Grammar -- 5. Applications in Information Science -- 6. Summary and Conclusions -- References.
    Abstract: This volume, the fifth of a continuing series on information systems science, covers four timely topics which are in the mainstream of this field. In each chapter, an attempt is made to familiarize the reader with basic background information on the advances discussed, so that this volume may be used independently or in conjunction with the previous volumes. The emphasis in this volume is focused upon data organization and access methods, software for on-line minicomputer applications, advances in micropro­ graming, and gramm ars and recognizers for formal and natural languages. In Chapter 1, P. C. Patton presents a tutorial survey of data organiza­ tion and access methods which play a central role in information system design. Research in information processing has been shifted from numerical data processing to nonnumerical information handling. In the latter case, the information is carried not only by the data but also by the structure and organization of the data base. In this chapter, the author provides the reader with a comprehensive review of various data structures, including linear lists, array structures, tree structures, and multilinked structures. He also discusses the important problem of data-base design and management. This chapter concludes with several examples of information handling systems such as a matrix interpretive system, a generalized information management system, and a criminal justice information system. The rapid reduction in cost and great increase in capability of the mini­ computer have made it an attractive machine for information systems.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Data Organization and Access Methods1. Introduction -- 2. Linear Lists and Processes -- 2.1. Linear List Structures -- 2.2. Storage Representation of Linear List Structures -- 2.3. Computer Storage of Linked Lists -- 2.4. List Processing Languages -- 3. Array Structures -- 4. Tree Structures -- 5. Multilinked Structures -- 6. Data Base Design and Management -- 7. Some Information Handling Systems -- 8. Summary and Conclusions -- 2 Design of Software for On-Line Minicomputer Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Keys to Minicomputer Software Organization -- 3. Minicomputer Applications and Their Software Requirements -- References -- 3 A Survey of the Status of Microprogramming -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Evolution of Microprogramming -- 3. Architectural Variations in Current Microprogrammed Systems -- 4. Emulation -- 5. Microprogrammed Implementation of Key Operating System and Language Translation Primitives -- 6. Microdiagnostics -- 7. Microprogrammed Implementation of New I/O and Memory Devices -- 8. Strategies for Microprogram Optimization -- 9. Applications of Microprogramming -- 10. Problem Areas and Future Prospects -- 11. Conclusions -- References -- 4 Some Grammars and Recognizers for Formal and Natural Languages -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Grammars and Languages -- 3. Recognizers and Acceptor Automata -- 4. Transformational Grammar -- 5. Applications in Information Science -- 6. Summary and Conclusions -- References.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461588979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 470 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Content -- Developments and Challenge of Enzyme Engineering -- 1973 Henniker Delphi Study -- Session I. Enzymes: Regulation and New Sources -- Stability of Enzymes from Thermophilic Microorganisms -- Polypeptide Hormones from Tissue Culture -- Design Consideration for Animal Cell Cultures as Sources of Enzymes -- Session II. New Purification Techniques -- Recent Developments in Enzyme Isolation Processes -- Protein Purification by Immunoadsorption -- Purification of Urokinase by Affinity Chromatography -- Short Report: -- Derivatives of Controlled Pore Glass for Affinity Chromatography -- Session III. New Immobilization Techniques and Supports -- Review of Recent Enzyme Immobilization Techniques -- Encapsulation of Enzymes in Liquid Membrane Emulsions -- An Organic Millieu in Immobilized Enzyme Synthesis and Catalysis -- Immobilization of Enzymes on Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins -- Derivatized Nylon: A New Support for the Immobilization of Enzymes -- New Immobilization Techniques and Supports -- Stabilization and Immobilization of Enzymes with Imidoesters -- Complexation of Enzymes or Whole Cells with Collagen -- Short Reports: -- Immobilized Enzymes Using Resinous Carriers -- Covalent Coupling of Small Molecules and Proteins to Poly (2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Methacrylic Acid) Hydrogels -- Session IV. Immobilized Multi-Step Enzyme Systems: Physical Methods for Examining Immobilized Enzymes -- Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Immobilized Multi-Step Enzyme Systems -- Enzyme Reactions for Preparative Scale Synthesis -- Application of Circular Dichroism to the Study of Enzyme Polymer Conjugates -- Fluorescence Investigation of Immobilized Enzymes -- Effects of the Matrix Environment on Protein Structure -- Short Reports: -- Electron Spin Resonance Investigations into the Interaction Between Proteins and Synthetic Polymers -- Some Observations on the Behavior of an Immobilized Allosteric Enzyme: Phosphofructokinase -- Session V. Use of Immobilized Coenzymes -- Nucleotide Affinity Labels -- Continuous Processing with Cofactor Requiring Enzymes: Coenzyme Retention and Regeneration -- NADH Coupled to Soluble Dextran: Synthesis and Properties -- Enzymatic Regeneration of ATP from AMP and ADP Part I. Thermodynamics, Kinetics and Process Development -- Enzymatic Regeneration of ATP from AMP and ADP Part II. Enzyme Immobilization and Reactor Development -- ATP Regeneration Using Immobilized Carbamyl Phosphokinase -- Immobilization of Coenzyme A and Its Application -- Synthesis and Application of Matrix Bound AMP, NAD+ and Other Adenine Nucleotides -- Session VI. Reactor Design -- Well-Mixed Immobilized Enzyme Reactors -- Reactor Analysis with Laser Microspectrophotometry -- Open Tubular Heterogeneous Enzyme Reactors -- Annular Column Enzyme Reactors -- Kinetic Analysis of a Urease Electrode -- Short Reports: -- Temperature Effects on the Design of Enzyme Reactors -- Immobilized Enzymes: Diffusion and Sigmoid Kinetics in Packed Bed Reactors -- Session VII. Industrial Applications of Immobilized Enzymes -- Food and Product Considerations in the Application of Immobilized Enzymes -- Fiber Entrapped Enzymes -- Continuous Enzyme Reactions by Immobilized Microbial Cells -- Immobilized Glucose Isomerase for the Production of High Fructose Syrups -- Treatment of Milk with Immobilized Proteases and Oxidoreductases -- Short Reports: -- Removal of Serum Hepatitis Antigen from Factor IX with an Immunoadsorbent -- Immobilized Lactase Used in Fluidized Bed Reactors for Treating Cheese Whey -- Session VIII. Commercial Aspects of Enzymes -- Application of a Heat Stable Bacterial Amylase in the Starch Industry -- Toxicologic Studies on Proteolytic Enzymes in Animals and Man -- Recent Trends of Enzyme Engineering in Japan -- Survey of the Enzyme Industry -- Session IX. New Applications of Enzymes -- Analytical Uses of Immobilized Enzymes -- Application of Immobilized Enzymes to Chemical Analysis -- Application of Immobilized Enzymes to Detection and Monitoring -- Preparation of Immobilized Enzymes for Application in Automated Analysis -- Initiation of Enzyme Reactions by Light -- Thermal Enzyme Probe: A Novel Approach to Chemical Analysis -- Effects of Different Routes of in vivo Administration of Microencapsulated Enzymes -- L-Asparaginase from Escherichia coli II and Erwinia carotovora Bound to Poly (methyl methacrylate) -- Trends in the Use of Immobilized Enzymes and Proteins in Human Therapeutics -- Use of Collagen Immobilized Enzymes in Blood Treatment -- Appendix I. Recommendations for Standardization of Nomenclature in Enzyme Technology -- List of Participants.
    Abstract: Considerable worldwide interest has arisen in recent years in the controlled use of enzymes as catalysts in industrial processing, analytical chemistry and medical therapy. This interest has genera­ ted the new interdisciplinary field of Enzyme Engineering, which includes both the scientific and technologic aspects of the produc­ tion, purification, immobilization, and application of enzymes in a variety of situations and reactor configurations. A series of Engineering Foundation conferences on Enzyme Engineering was initia­ ted to provide an international forum for the exchange of ideas and information over the entire range of this new field. The outstanding success of the first two conferences attests to the vigor and poten­ tial of this field to contribute significantly to a better under­ standing and resolution of some of the major problems faced by man­ kind. The first conference, which was held August 9-13, 1971, at Henniker, New Hampshire, U. S. A. , aided significantly in molding the several traditional disciplines that interact to form the field of Enzyme Engineering. The conference was highly successful mainly because many of the key scientists and engineers from the several facets of Enzyme Engineering were brought together for the first time at a single residential meeting. The result was an exchange of ideas and "education" of one another in the pertinent principles of the diverse disciplines which contribute to this field. The second conference, held August 5-10, 1973, at Henniker, New Hampshire, U. S. A.
    Description / Table of Contents: ContentDevelopments and Challenge of Enzyme Engineering -- 1973 Henniker Delphi Study -- Session I. Enzymes: Regulation and New Sources -- Stability of Enzymes from Thermophilic Microorganisms -- Polypeptide Hormones from Tissue Culture -- Design Consideration for Animal Cell Cultures as Sources of Enzymes -- Session II. New Purification Techniques -- Recent Developments in Enzyme Isolation Processes -- Protein Purification by Immunoadsorption -- Purification of Urokinase by Affinity Chromatography -- Short Report: -- Derivatives of Controlled Pore Glass for Affinity Chromatography -- Session III. New Immobilization Techniques and Supports -- Review of Recent Enzyme Immobilization Techniques -- Encapsulation of Enzymes in Liquid Membrane Emulsions -- An Organic Millieu in Immobilized Enzyme Synthesis and Catalysis -- Immobilization of Enzymes on Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins -- Derivatized Nylon: A New Support for the Immobilization of Enzymes -- New Immobilization Techniques and Supports -- Stabilization and Immobilization of Enzymes with Imidoesters -- Complexation of Enzymes or Whole Cells with Collagen -- Short Reports: -- Immobilized Enzymes Using Resinous Carriers -- Covalent Coupling of Small Molecules and Proteins to Poly (2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Methacrylic Acid) Hydrogels -- Session IV. Immobilized Multi-Step Enzyme Systems: Physical Methods for Examining Immobilized Enzymes -- Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Immobilized Multi-Step Enzyme Systems -- Enzyme Reactions for Preparative Scale Synthesis -- Application of Circular Dichroism to the Study of Enzyme Polymer Conjugates -- Fluorescence Investigation of Immobilized Enzymes -- Effects of the Matrix Environment on Protein Structure -- Short Reports: -- Electron Spin Resonance Investigations into the Interaction Between Proteins and Synthetic Polymers -- Some Observations on the Behavior of an Immobilized Allosteric Enzyme: Phosphofructokinase -- Session V. Use of Immobilized Coenzymes -- Nucleotide Affinity Labels -- Continuous Processing with Cofactor Requiring Enzymes: Coenzyme Retention and Regeneration -- NADH Coupled to Soluble Dextran: Synthesis and Properties -- Enzymatic Regeneration of ATP from AMP and ADP Part I. Thermodynamics, Kinetics and Process Development -- Enzymatic Regeneration of ATP from AMP and ADP Part II. Enzyme Immobilization and Reactor Development -- ATP Regeneration Using Immobilized Carbamyl Phosphokinase -- Immobilization of Coenzyme A and Its Application -- Synthesis and Application of Matrix Bound AMP, NAD+ and Other Adenine Nucleotides -- Session VI. Reactor Design -- Well-Mixed Immobilized Enzyme Reactors -- Reactor Analysis with Laser Microspectrophotometry -- Open Tubular Heterogeneous Enzyme Reactors -- Annular Column Enzyme Reactors -- Kinetic Analysis of a Urease Electrode -- Short Reports: -- Temperature Effects on the Design of Enzyme Reactors -- Immobilized Enzymes: Diffusion and Sigmoid Kinetics in Packed Bed Reactors -- Session VII. Industrial Applications of Immobilized Enzymes -- Food and Product Considerations in the Application of Immobilized Enzymes -- Fiber Entrapped Enzymes -- Continuous Enzyme Reactions by Immobilized Microbial Cells -- Immobilized Glucose Isomerase for the Production of High Fructose Syrups -- Treatment of Milk with Immobilized Proteases and Oxidoreductases -- Short Reports: -- Removal of Serum Hepatitis Antigen from Factor IX with an Immunoadsorbent -- Immobilized Lactase Used in Fluidized Bed Reactors for Treating Cheese Whey -- Session VIII. Commercial Aspects of Enzymes -- Application of a Heat Stable Bacterial Amylase in the Starch Industry -- Toxicologic Studies on Proteolytic Enzymes in Animals and Man -- Recent Trends of Enzyme Engineering in Japan -- Survey of the Enzyme Industry -- Session IX. New Applications of Enzymes -- Analytical Uses of Immobilized Enzymes -- Application of Immobilized Enzymes to Chemical Analysis -- Application of Immobilized Enzymes to Detection and Monitoring -- Preparation of Immobilized Enzymes for Application in Automated Analysis -- Initiation of Enzyme Reactions by Light -- Thermal Enzyme Probe: A Novel Approach to Chemical Analysis -- Effects of Different Routes of in vivo Administration of Microencapsulated Enzymes -- L-Asparaginase from Escherichia coli II and Erwinia carotovora Bound to Poly (methyl methacrylate) -- Trends in the Use of Immobilized Enzymes and Proteins in Human Therapeutics -- Use of Collagen Immobilized Enzymes in Blood Treatment -- Appendix I. Recommendations for Standardization of Nomenclature in Enzyme Technology -- List of Participants.
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  • 43
    Book
    Book
    Chicago : University of Chicago Press
    ISBN: 0-226-79757-0 , 978-0-226-79757-1
    Language: English
    Pages: x, 182 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Keywords: Mexiko Yucatan ; Maya ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Soziokultureller Kontext ; Sozialer Status ; Akkulturation ; Sozialer Wandel ; Anthropologie, soziale ; Ticul 〈Stadt, Mexiko〉
    Description / Table of Contents: List of tables -- Preface -- A Yucatec town -- Social space and social structure -- Occupational sectors -- Ethnicity and sociocultural change -- Social status -- Social structure and social process -- References -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 175-179
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  • 44
    Language: Italian
    Pages: 65 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei
    Keywords: Italien Neanderthaler ; Menschlicher Überrest ; Archäologie ; Anthropologie, physische ; Prähistorie
    Note: Übersetzung des Titels: Der Neandertaler-Schädel des Berges Circeo 〈Circeo I〉
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  • 45
    Book
    Book
    Springfield, MO : Missouri Archaeological Society
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 212 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Memoir. Missouri Archaeological Society Number 11
    Keywords: USA Oklahoma ; Indianer, präkolumbianisch ; Caddo ; Archäologie ; Metallarbeit
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 194-200
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  • 46
    ISBN: 0-521-20548-4 , 978-0-521-20548-1
    ISSN: 0068-6794
    Language: English
    Pages: xii,238 Seite , Illustrationen, Karte
    Series Statement: Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology 10
    Keywords: Marokko Frau ; Geschichte ; Frau und Islam ; Frau und sozio-ökonomische Rolle ; Frau und sozialer Status ; Frau und wirtschaftliche Rolle ; Soziale Klasse ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Sexualität ; Grundeigentum ; Eigentum ; Sozialer Wandel ; Anthropologie, soziale
    Abstract: This is a study of the effects of 'modernization' on the social and economic world of women in Morocco. Vanessa Maher suggests that three systems of social stratification modify one another: a system of classes based on relation to the means of production; a system of estates, differentiated by inherited status; and a system of segmentary tribal groups, based on territorial rights. Although all Moroccans use all these systems on different occasions it is the women who, faced with their own exclusion from wage-earning, along with the instability of marriage and the inadequacy of most family incomes, respond by perpetually reconstituting the groups on which they must depend, those based on territorial rights and putative kinship. By observing these social networks, Maher has been able to identify part of what inhibits the development of class consciousness, and what favours a clientistic political structure.
    Description / Table of Contents: List of tables; List of illustrations; Preface; Note on orthography; Introduction; 1. The background; 2. Estates, tribal groups and the market today; 3. Patron-client relations; 4. How it looks on the ground; 5. The cultural corollary: education and social stratification; 6. Religion and social stratification; 7. Conjugal roles, kinship roles and the division of labour; 8. Relationships among women; 9. Fostering; 10. Marriage; 11. Marriage and the market; 12. The position of the bride after marriage; 13. Divorce and property; Conclusions; Glossary; Select bibliography; Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 229-233
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  • 47
    Book
    Book
    London : Thames and Hudson
    ISBN: 0500780021
    Language: English
    Pages: 252 S. , Ill., Kt.
    Series Statement: The world of archaeology
    DDC: 970.01
    RVK:
    Keywords: Man, prehistoric Addresses and lectures ; Archaeology Addresses and lectures ; Indians Antiquities ; Addresses and lectures ; USA ; Archäologie ; Geschichte
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  • 48
    ISBN: 3172220117
    Language: English
    Pages: IX, 271 S. , zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. , 31 cm
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Bandi, Hans-Georg, 1920 - 2016 [Rezension von: Donald Woodforde Clark, Koniag Prehistory] 1976
    Additional Information: Rezension Hahn, Joachim, 1942 - 1997 [Rezension von: Donald Woodforde Clark, Koniag Prehistory, Archaeological investigations at late prehistoric sites on Kodiak Island, Alaska] 1978
    Series Statement: Tübinger Monographien zur Urgeschichte 1
    Series Statement: Tübinger Monographien zur Urgeschichte
    Dissertation note: Madison, Univ. of Wisconsin, Diss.
    DDC: 970.4/98/4
    RVK:
    Keywords: Urgeschichte ; Archäologie / Einz. Ausgrabungen u. Funde Urgeschichte ; Hochschulschrift ; Alaska ; Vor- und Frühgeschichte ; Kodiak Island ; Paläolithikum ; Neolithikum ; Eskimo ; Archäologie ; Ausgrabung
    Note: Based on the author's thesis (Ph.D.), University of Wisconsin, 1968
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  • 49
    ISBN: 3-87681-052-3
    Language: German
    Pages: 409 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: Monographien der Wittheit zu Bremen 11
    Keywords: China Xinjiang ; Turkestan ; Archäologie ; Altertum ; Mittelalter ; Bildende Kunst ; Geschichte ; Sammler und Sammlung
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 382 - 398
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  • 50
    Book
    Book
    Kiev : Idz. Nauk. Dumka
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Ill., Kt.
    Keywords: Ukraine Neolithikum ; Archäologie
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift. - Titelübersetzung: Eneolithikum in der Ukraine : ethnohistorische Untersuchungen
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  • 51
    Book
    Book
    Kiev : Idz-vo "Naukova dumka"
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 172 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Keywords: Schwarzes Meer Ukraine ; Prähistorie ; Archäologie
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift. - Ttitelübersetzung: Spät-Tripolje-Stämme im nördlichen Schwarzmeergebiet
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  • 52
    Language: French
    Keywords: Westafrika Mali ; Kurumba ; Dogon ; Archäologie ; Alltagsobjekt
    Note: aus: Journal de la Société des Africanistes. 44. 1974, S. 7-42
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  • 53
    Language: Portuguese
    Keywords: Angola Prähistorie ; Archäologie
    Note: Separata do: Boletim Cultural da Camara Municipal de Sá da Bandeira. 36. 1974. 31 S., 12 Fotos
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  • 54
    ISBN: 91-7192-174-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 113 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Early Norrland 5
    Keywords: Schweden Lappland ; Tierbestattung ; Knochenfund ; Archäologie
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  • 55
    Book
    Book
    Oxford : Clarendon Press
    ISBN: 0-19-821691-2 , 978-0-19-821691-9
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 409 Seiten , Karten
    Series Statement: Oxford Studies in African Affairs
    Keywords: Äthiopien Geschichte, politische ; Sozio-ökonomischer Aspekt ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Politik und Gesellschaft ; Macht
    Description / Table of Contents: List of tables -- List of maps -- Note -- Introduction -- Part I. The pattern of history -- 1. Historical prologue - 2. Christian Ethiopia -- 3. Other ethnic groups -- Part II. The pattern of society -- 4. Class formation in the north -- 5. Class formation in the South -- Part III. The pattern of change -- 6. Education -- 7. Urbanization -- 8. The emerging middle class -- Part IV. The pattern of power -- 9. The autocrat -- 10. Recruitment -- 11. The central government -- 12. Provincial and town administration -- Part V. The use of power -- 13. Goals -- 14. Challlenge and response -- Conclusion -- Select bibliography-- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite [395]-404
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  • 56
    Book
    Book
    Novosibirsk : Nauka
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 391 s.
    Series Statement: Materialy po Istorii Sibiri / Drevnjaja Sibir' 4
    Keywords: Sibirien Bronzezeit, Asien ; Eisenzeit, Asien ; Archäologie
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift. - Titelübersetzung: Die Bronze- und Eisenzeit Sibiriens
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  • 57
    Book
    Book
    Madison, Wisc. [u.a.] : Univ. of Wisconsin Press
    ISBN: 0-299-06430-1
    Language: English
    Pages: XVI, 214 S. , Ill., Kt.
    Keywords: Nordost-Asien Sibirien ; Japan ; Prähistorie ; Archäologie
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  • 58
    ISBN: 3-515-01955-3
    Language: English
    Pages: XII, 309, XVI S., 16 Pl. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Keywords: Indien Süd-Indien ; Megalith ; Begräbnissitte ; Grab ; Töpferei ; Materielle Kultur ; Archäologie ; Neolithikum, Asien
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: VI, 58 S.
    Keywords: Karibik Aruak ; Archäologie
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: 232 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Fototaf.
    Keywords: Äthiopien Prähistorie ; Archäologie ; Gebirge ; Geologie ; Fauna ; Central Rift Valley
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  • 61
    Book
    Book
    Paris : Museum National d'Historie Naturelle Laboratoire de Préhistorie, C.N.R.S. Laboratoire Associé 184
    Language: French
    Pages: 115 S., 136 fig., XXVII pl.
    Keywords: Äthiopien Megalith ; Archäologie
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  • 62
    Language: German
    Pages: 272 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Uniform Title: Novoe v archeologii sovetskogo dal'nego vostoka
    Keywords: Nord-Asien Sibirien ; Russland ; Prähistorie ; Archäologie
    Note: Aus dem Russ. übers.
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  • 63
    Book
    Book
    Paris : Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
    ISBN: 2-222-01589-8
    Language: French
    Pages: 176 S., 36 Taf. , Ill., Kt.
    Series Statement: Études d'Antiquités Africaines
    Keywords: Nordafrika Tripolitanien ; Tunesien ; Libyen ; Archäologie ; Prähistorie ; Schott el-Djerid ; Limes Tripolitanus
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  • 64
    Book
    Book
    Canberra : Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISBN: 0-85575-034-0 , 978-0-85575-034-3
    Language: English
    Pages: vii, 40 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Australian Aboriginal Studies. Research and Regional Studies no. 1
    Keywords: Australien New South Wales ; Ureinwohner, Australien ; Archäologie
    Note: Titel der Reihe in der Vorlage: Australian Aboriginal studies, Regional and research studiesLiteraturverzeichnis: Seite 39-40
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  • 65
    Language: Italian
    Keywords: Ägypten, alt Sudan ; Archäologie
    Note: aus: Africa : rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione dell'Istituto Italo-Africano. 29. 1974, 2, S. 287-300
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468426700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Disorders of Sphingolipid MetabolismI. Introduction -- II. Chemistry, Metabolism, and Distribution of Sphingolipids -- III. Individual Sphingolipidoses -- IV. Summary and Concluding Remarks -- References -- 2 Disorders of the Cerebral Circulation -- I. Introduction -- II. Methods for Study of the Cerebral Circulation -- III. Regulation of the Cerebral Circulation -- IV. Dysfunction of Regulatory Mechanisms -- V. Intravascular Phenomena -- VI. Secondary Effects of Disturbed Regulation -- VII. Conclusion -- References -- 3 Effects of Narcotic Analgesics on Brain function -- I. Introduction -- II. Physiological Effects of Narcotic Analgesics -- III. Metabolism of Narcotic Analgesics in the Nervous System -- IV. Biochemical Responses to Narcotics -- V. Electroencephalography -- VI. Theories on the Mechanism of Addiction to Narcotics -- VII. Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 4 Genetic Disorders of Brain Development: Animal Models -- I. Introduction -- II. Chromosomal Organization in Eukaryotes -- III. Development of the CNS -- IV. Genetic Disorders of Brain Development -- V. Prevention of Brain Dysfunction -- References -- 5 Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis -- I. Introduction -- II. Historical Background -- III. Identification of Specific Encephalitogenic Components of CNS Tissue -- IV. Pathogenesis of EAE -- V. Possible Relationship of EAE to Human Demyelinative Disorders -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Disorders of Fatty Acids -- I. Introduction -- II. Fatty Acids in Normal Brain and Nerve -- III. Phytanic Acid Storage Disease (Refsum’s Disease) -- IV. Disorders with Storage of Ceroid -- V. Other Storage Disorders -- VI. Demyelination of Known Etiology -- VII. Multiple Sclerosis -- VIII. Other Human Disorders -- IX. Animal Disorders -- X. Criteria for Establishing Primary Disorders of Cerebral Fatty Acid Metabolism -- References -- 7 Bilirubin Encephalopathy -- I. Introduction and Historical Perspective -- II. Chemistry and Metabolism of Bilirubin with Special Note of Variations Seen in the Newborn Period -- III. Protein Binding of Bilirubin -- IV. Problems Hampering Research -- V. Pathological Lesion of Bilirubin Encephalopathy -- VI. Extraneural Pathological Lesions Induced by Bilirubin -- VII. Metabolic Lesions Induced by Bilirubin -- VIII. Why Is Brain Damage the Main Pathological Phenomenon Induced by Bilirubin? -- References -- 8 The Action of Thyroid Hormones and Their Influence on Brain Development and function -- I. Introduction -- II. General Role of Thyroid Hormones in the Structural and Functional Maturation of the Nervous System -- III. Biochemical and Metabolic Effects of Thyroid Hormones in Nervous Tissues -- References -- 9 Biology of the Striatum -- I. Introduction -- II. Role of the Striatum in Motility -- III. Role of the Striatum in Mental Function -- IV. Role of the Striatum in Autonomic Functions -- V. Conclusions -- References -- 10 Pathophysiology of Central Nervous System Regulation of Anterior Pituitary function -- I. Introduction -- II. Concept of Endocrine Regulation Via Releasing Hormones of Neural Origin -- III. Factors Involved in the Periodic Release of Pituitary Hormones -- IV. Effect of Neonatal Hormonal Milieu on Neuroendocrine Control Mechanisms -- V. Clinical Correlates -- References -- of Volume 1 -- Articles Planned for Future Volumes.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789401725040
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 473 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Basic concepts2. Polyolefins -- 3. Polystyrene and styrene copolymers -- 4. Poly(vinyl chloride) and related polymers -- 5. Poly(vinyl acetate) and related polymers -- 6. Acrylic polymers -- 7. Fluoropolymers -- 8. Polyethers -- 9. Polyamides and related polymers -- 10. Polyesters -- 11. Cellulose and related polymers -- 12. Phenol-formaldehyde polymers -- 13. Aminopolymers -- 14. Polyurethanes -- 15. Silicones -- 16. Epoxies -- 17. Sulphur-containing polymers -- 18. Polydienes -- 19. Miscellaneous polymers -- Appendix I. Trade names and manufacturers -- Appendix II. International system of units.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468426670
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Genetic Disorders of Mucopolysaccharide MetabolismI. Introduction -- II. Classification of the Disorders -- III. Genetics -- IV. Chemical Pathology -- V. Chemistry of the Sulfated Mucopolysaccharides -- VI. The Biochemical Defect -- VII. Some Practical Applications of Recent Biochemical Findings -- VIII. Summary -- Note Added in Proof -- References -- 2 Galactosemia: Biochemistry, Genetics, Pathophysiology, and Developmental Aspects -- I. Introduction -- II. Galactose Metabolism -- III. Hereditary Enzymatic Deficiencies in Galactose Metabolism -- IV. The Pathophysiology of Galactosemia -- V. Treatment -- References -- 3 Cytogenetic Aspects of Brain Dysfunction -- I. Introduction -- II. Incidence of Human Chromosome Anomalies -- III. Syndromes Related to Autosomal Abnormalities -- IV. Syndromes Related to Sex Chromosome Abnormalities -- V. Syndromes Related to Chromosome Breakages -- VI. Detection of Individuals with Abnormal Chromosomes -- VII. Prenatal Diagnosis of Chromosomal Abnormalities -- VIII. Concluding Remarks -- References -- 4 Disorders of Glucose Metabolism in Brain Dysfunction -- I. Introduction -- II. Systemic Disorders of Glucose Metabolism -- III. Newer Concepts of Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Vivo -- IV. Disorders of Glucose Metabolism in Brain -- References -- 5 Effects of Viral Infections on the Brain -- I. Introduction -- II. Methods -- III. Pathways of Viral Spread -- IV. Cellular Response to Viral Infection -- V. Biochemical Changes -- VI. Immunological Reactions -- VII. Pathogenesis of Viral Diseases of the Brain -- VIII. Conclusion -- References -- 6 Disorders of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Brain Extracellular Fluid -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomical Considerations -- III. Pathophysiological Aspects of Cerebrospinal Fluid -- IV. Pathophysiological Aspects of Brain Extracellular Fluid -- References -- 7 Disorders of Nucleic Acid Metabolism -- I. Disorders of Purine Metabolism -- II. Disorders of Pyrimidine Metabolism -- References -- 8 Effects of Malnutrition on Brain Development -- I. Introduction -- II. General Considerations Involved in Cellular Growth -- III. Normal Cellular Growth of the Brain -- IV. Nutritional Effects on Cellular Growth of the Brain -- V. Prenatal Malnutrition -- VI. Summary -- References -- 9 Pathophysiology of Anoxic Brain Damage -- I. Introduction -- II. Normal Oxidative Metabolism in the Brain -- III. Work Performed by the CNS Cells -- IV. Supply of Oxygen to the Brain Cells -- V. Supply and Metabolism of Substrates -- VI. Energy Flow and Energy State -- VII. Measurements of Energy States and Metabolite Levels -- VIII. Types of Cerebral Hypoxia and Anoxia -- IX. Cerebral Changes in Anoxia and Hypoxia -- X. Cerebral Changes in Ischemia -- XI. Factors Modifying the Response to Anoxia -- References -- 10 Effects of Deficiencies of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 on Central Nervous System Function and Development -- I. Introduction -- II. Biochemical Roles of Coenzyme Forms of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 -- III. Central Nervous System Damage Due to Folic Acid Deficiency -- IV. Central Nervous System Damage Due to Vitamin B12 Deficiency -- References.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400934696
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Third, Enlarged Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Anthropology. ; Music.
    Abstract: of Volume I -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. Tone- and Scale-Systems -- 3. Historical Survey -- a. Before the advent of the Hindus -- b. Hindu-Java -- c. The post-Hindu period -- 4. Central and East Java -- a. Introduction -- b. Vocal music -- c. Instruments -- d. Orchestras -- e. Structure, nature and use of the dif ferent compositions -- f. Notation -- Chapters. West Java -- a. Introduction (a comparison of Sundanese with Javanese and Balinese music, both instrumental and vocal; the impression made on the Western mind; something about vocal music) -- b. Instruments -- c. Orchestras -- d. Forms of composition, and their use.
    Abstract: One day in the summer of 1921 a postal delivery brought me a little packet of reprints from the periodical "Djawa" : articles about Indonesian music by Dr. JAAP KUNST, which until that moment had not come to my notice. A cursory glance was enough to convince me that the author was a very gifted man, who had made a sound and absolutely scientific study of the subject, and thereby made a valuable contribution, by means of careful observation and actual tone-measurements, to the facts known from the older studies by GRONEMAN, LAND and ELLIS. These measure­ ments were particularly satisfying to me personally, since they constituted an astonishing confirmation of a hypothesis concerning the genesis of tone­ systems (through the "cycle of blown fifths"), which I had propounded two years previously, without, however, having published it. At the same time it was proved, through the perfect conformity existing between the measured and the theoretical absolute pitches (vibration frequencies), that Indonesian gamelan tuning, too, belongs to the radius of ancient Chinese culture - much the same as is the case with Pan-pipes and xylo­ phones all over· the world. The first contact between Dr. KUNST and myself led to a regular cor­ respondence, which especially contributed to a further development of the above-mentioned theory of tone-systems.
    Description / Table of Contents: of Volume I1. General Introduction -- 2. Tone- and Scale-Systems -- 3. Historical Survey -- a. Before the advent of the Hindus -- b. Hindu-Java -- c. The post-Hindu period -- 4. Central and East Java -- a. Introduction -- b. Vocal music -- c. Instruments -- d. Orchestras -- e. Structure, nature and use of the dif ferent compositions -- f. Notation -- Chapters. West Java -- a. Introduction (a comparison of Sundanese with Javanese and Balinese music, both instrumental and vocal; the impression made on the Western mind; something about vocal music) -- b. Instruments -- c. Orchestras -- d. Forms of composition, and their use.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9781468462883
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: one Tables and Graphs -- I. Tables -- II. Graphs -- two Elementary Mathematics -- I. Approximate computations -- II. Algebra -- III. Geometry -- IV. Trigonometry -- three Analytic and Differential Geometry -- I. Analytic geometry -- II. Differential geometry -- four Foundations of Mathematical Analysis -- I. Introduction to analysis -- II. Differential calculus -- III. Integral calculus -- IV. Differential equations -- five Supplementary Chapters on Analysis -- I. Complex numbers and functions of a complex variable -- II. Vector calculus -- III. The calculus of variations -- IV. Integral equations -- V. Fourier series -- six Interpretation of Experimental Results -- I. Foundations of the theory of probability and the theory of errors -- II. Empirical formulas and interpolation.
    Abstract: TO THE FIRST RUSSIAN EDITION It was a very difficult task to write a guide-book of a small size designed to contain the fundamental knowledge of mathema­ tics which is most necessary to engineers and students of higher technical schools. In our tendency to the compactness and brevity of the exposition, we attempted, however, to produce a guide-book which would be easy to understand, convenient to use and as accurate as possible (as much as it is required in engineering). It should be pointed out that this book is neither a handbook nor a compendium, but a guide-book. Therefore it is not written as systematically as a handbook should be written. Hence the reader should not be surprised to find, for example, I'HOpital's rule in the section devoted to computation of limits which is a part of the chapter "Introduction to the analysis" placed before the concept of the derivative, or information about the Gamma function in the chapter "Algebra"-just after the concept of the factorial. There are many such "imperfections" in the book. Thus a reader who wants to acquire certain information is advised to use not only the table of contents but also the alpha­ betical index inserted at the end of the book. If a problem mentioned in the text is explained in detail in another place of the book, then the corresponding page is indicated in a footnote.
    Description / Table of Contents: one Tables and GraphsI. Tables -- II. Graphs -- two Elementary Mathematics -- I. Approximate computations -- II. Algebra -- III. Geometry -- IV. Trigonometry -- three Analytic and Differential Geometry -- I. Analytic geometry -- II. Differential geometry -- four Foundations of Mathematical Analysis -- I. Introduction to analysis -- II. Differential calculus -- III. Integral calculus -- IV. Differential equations -- five Supplementary Chapters on Analysis -- I. Complex numbers and functions of a complex variable -- II. Vector calculus -- III. The calculus of variations -- IV. Integral equations -- V. Fourier series -- six Interpretation of Experimental Results -- I. Foundations of the theory of probability and the theory of errors -- II. Empirical formulas and interpolation.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401023559
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Materials Science Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: (The Nature of Polymer Glasses, Their Packing Density and Mechanical Behaviour) -- The Nature of Polymeric Glasses -- Packing Volume in the Glassy State -- The Rigidity of Polymer Glasses -- Large Deformations and Fracture -- References -- 1 The Thermodynamics of the Glassy State -- 1.1 Introductory Thermodynamic Considerations -- 1.2 Glassy Solidification and Transition Phenomena -- 1.3 Results of the Thermodynamic Theory of Linear Relaxation Phenomena -- 1.4 Glassy Mixed Phases -- 1.5 The Mobility and Structure of Glassy Phases -- References -- 2 X-Ray Diffraction Studies of the Structure of Amorphous Polymers -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Interaction of X-rays With Matter -- 2.3 Order and Orientation in Polymers -- 2.4 Diffraction of X-rays by Amorphous Materials -- 2.5 Small Angle X-ray Scattering -- 2.6 The Radial Distribution Function for Amorphous Polymers -- References -- 3 Relaxation Processes in Amorphous Polymers -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Molecular Motion in Polymeric Melts and Glasses -- 3.3 Secondary Relaxation Regions in Typical Organic Glasses -- References -- 4 Creep in Glassy Polymers -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.3 Apparatus and Experimental Methods -- 4.4 Creep Phenomena in Glassy Polymers -- 4.5 Final Comments -- References and Bibliography -- 5 The Yield Behaviour of Glassy Polymers -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.3 Mechanical Tests -- 5.4 Characteristics of the Yield Process -- 5.5 Inhomogeneous Deformation -- 5.6 Structural Observations -- 5.7 Yield Criteria for Polymers -- 5.8 Molecular Theories of Yielding -- References -- 6 The Post-Yield Behaviour of Amorphous Plastics -- 6.1 General -- 6.2 The Phenomena of’ strain Softening’ -- 6.3 Plastic Instability Phenomena -- 6.4 The Adiabatic Heating of Polymers Subject to Large Deformations -- 6.5 Orientation Hardening -- 6.6 Large Deformation and Fracture -- References -- 7 Cracking and Crazing in Polymeric Glasses -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Fracture Mechanics -- 7.3 Fatigue Fracture -- 7.4 Crazing -- 7.5 Molecular Fracture -- 7.6 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Rubber ReinForced Thermoplastics -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Rubber Reinforced Glassy Polymers of Commercial Importance -- 8.3 Methods of Manufacture -- 8.4 Incompatibility in Polymer Mixtures -- 8.5 Identification of Two Phase Rubber Reinforced Systems -- 8.6 Dispersed Phase Morphology -- 8.7 Optical Properties -- 8.8 Mechanical Properties -- References -- 9 The Diffusion and Sorption of Gases and Vapours in Glassy Polymers -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Ideal and Non-ideal Sorption and Diffusion of Fixed Gases -- 9.3 The Effect of the Glass Transition on Gas and Vapour Diffusion in Polymers -- 9.4 Relaxation Controlled Transport and Related Crazing of Polymeric Glasses by Vapours -- 9.5 Some Effects of Crystallinity and Orientation on the Transport of Gases and Vapours in Glassy Polymers -- References -- 10 The Morphology of Regular Block Copolymers -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Techniques Used for the Study of the Morphology of Block Copolymers -- 10.3 Variables Controlling the Morphology -- 10.4 Studies with Specific Systems -- 10.5 Theories of the Morphology of Block Copolymers -- 10.6 Implications of Theories and Comparison With Experiment -- 10.7 Mechanical Properties and Deformations -- 10.8 Crystallinity -- References -- Appendix I Glass Transition Temperatures and Expansion Coefficients for the Glass and Rubber States of some Typical Polymeric Glasses -- Appendix II Conversion Factors for SI Units.
    Abstract: This work sets out to provide an up-to-date account of the physical properties and structure of polymers in the glassy state. Properties measured above the glass transition temperature are therefore included only in so far as is necessary for the treatment of the glass transition process. This approach to the subject therefore excludes any detailed account of rubber elasticity or melt rheology or of the structure and conformation of the long chain molecule in solution, although knowledge derived from this field is assumed where required. Major emphasis is placed on structural and mechanical properties, although a number of other physical properties are included. Naturally the different authors contributing to the book write mainly from their own particular points of view and where there are several widely accepted theoretical approaches to a subject, these are sometimes provided in different chapters which will necessarily overlap to a significant extent. For example, the main theoretical presentation on the subject of glass transition is given in Chapter 1. This is supplemented by accounts of the free volume theory in Chapter 3 and in the Introduction, and a short account of the work of Gibbs and DiMarzio, also in Chapter 3. Similarly, there is material on solvent cracking in Chapters 7 and 9, though the two workers approach the subject from opposite directions. Every effort has therefore been made to encourage cross-referencing between different chapters.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9781468420524
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Neurophysiology, Neuropharmacology and Behavior -- Neural Control of Input into Long Term Memory: Limbic System and Amnestic Syndrome in Man -- A Study of Memory in Aged People -- The Transfer of Information between Sense-Modalities: A Neurophysiological Review -- The Significance of Exogenous and Endogenous Factors in the Hereditary Differences in Learning Ability of Rats -- The Reactivity of Wistar Rats Highly Selected for Good and Bad Learning, Observed in Various Physiological and Pharmacological Test Models -- Statistical EEG Analysis in Strains of Rats with Genetically Determined Different Learning Performance -- Some Views on the Neurophysiological and Neurophar-macological Mechanisms of Storage and Retrieval of Information -- Mode of Action of Some Drugs which Affect Learning and Memory -- Compensatory Mechanisms Following Labyrinthine Lesion in the Guinea-Pig. A Simple Model of Learning -- Action of Various Drugs on the Formation and Fixation of Long Term Information in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) -- Communication between Nerves and Muscles: Postnatal Development in Kitten Hindlimb Fast and Slow Twitch Muscle -- Some Neurophysiological Considerations Concerning “Memory” -- Transfer of Acquired Information -- The Structure of the “Memory-Code-Word” Scotophobin -- Evidence for Molecular Coding of Neural Information -- Recent Experiments in Memory Transfer -- The Effect of Synthetic Scotophobin on the Light Tolerance of Teleosts (Carassius auratus and Tinca tinca) -- Peptides and Behavior -- Studies with Dark Avoidance and Scotophobin -- New Experimental Approaches to the Inter-Animal Transfer of Acquired Information -- Chemical Transfer of Learned Information in Mammals and Fish -- Chemical Transfer of a Dummy Reaction, Released in Young Mouthbreeding Fish (Ti1apia nilotica) during the “Critical Period”, from Imprinted Donors into Unimprinted Recipients after the “Critical Period” -- Neurochemistry -- Neurochemical Micromethods -- Neuronal Plasticity, Protein Conformation and Behavior -- Phosphorylation of Non-Histone Acid-Extractable Nuclear Proteins (NAEP) from Brain -- Biochemical Regulation of Synaptic Connectivity -- Radioactive Studies of Changes in Protein Metabolism by Adequate and Inadequate Stimulation in the Optic Tectum of Teleosts -- Encephalotropic Drugs and Cerebral RNA Metabolism.
    Abstract: The contents of this book are the presentations of a Symposium on "Memory and Transfer of Information", held at Gottingen, May 24-26, 1972 . One of the main reasons for organizing this Symposium was to stimulate interdisciplinary discussion between sci­ entists working in the field as a whole. Most of the pre­ vious meetings dealing with memory and transfer of infor­ mation have tended to be rather limited in scope. The pres­ ent Symposium covered a wide range of topics, including neurophysiological, neuropharmacological, neurochemical, behavioral and clinical aspects of learning and chemical transfer of information, presented by specialists in these areas. The Proceedings of the meeting present a large number of previously unpublished results, e.g., recent experiments in neurophysiology and neurochemistry, new approaches to chemical transfer of learned information, experiments using synthetic scotophobin and drugs influencing learning and behavior. The importance of interdisciplinary discussion is perhaps most clearly emphasized by the advances in neuro­ chemical micromethods which are of particular interest to scientists working on the chemical transfer of information. Only such interdisciplinary collaboration between highly specialized scientists guarantees further progress and deeper insight into the complex, and until now little under­ stood, mechanisms of that most intricate of organs, the brain. Hans Peter ZIPPEL vii CONTRIBUTORS BRADLEY, P.B. Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Birmingham B1S 2TJ, England BYRNE, W. L. ~'; Department of Biochemistry. University of Tennessee. College of Basic Medical Sciences. Memphis. Tennessee 38103. U.S.A. CREUTZFELDT, O.D.
    Description / Table of Contents: Neurophysiology, Neuropharmacology and BehaviorNeural Control of Input into Long Term Memory: Limbic System and Amnestic Syndrome in Man -- A Study of Memory in Aged People -- The Transfer of Information between Sense-Modalities: A Neurophysiological Review -- The Significance of Exogenous and Endogenous Factors in the Hereditary Differences in Learning Ability of Rats -- The Reactivity of Wistar Rats Highly Selected for Good and Bad Learning, Observed in Various Physiological and Pharmacological Test Models -- Statistical EEG Analysis in Strains of Rats with Genetically Determined Different Learning Performance -- Some Views on the Neurophysiological and Neurophar-macological Mechanisms of Storage and Retrieval of Information -- Mode of Action of Some Drugs which Affect Learning and Memory -- Compensatory Mechanisms Following Labyrinthine Lesion in the Guinea-Pig. A Simple Model of Learning -- Action of Various Drugs on the Formation and Fixation of Long Term Information in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) -- Communication between Nerves and Muscles: Postnatal Development in Kitten Hindlimb Fast and Slow Twitch Muscle -- Some Neurophysiological Considerations Concerning “Memory” -- Transfer of Acquired Information -- The Structure of the “Memory-Code-Word” Scotophobin -- Evidence for Molecular Coding of Neural Information -- Recent Experiments in Memory Transfer -- The Effect of Synthetic Scotophobin on the Light Tolerance of Teleosts (Carassius auratus and Tinca tinca) -- Peptides and Behavior -- Studies with Dark Avoidance and Scotophobin -- New Experimental Approaches to the Inter-Animal Transfer of Acquired Information -- Chemical Transfer of Learned Information in Mammals and Fish -- Chemical Transfer of a Dummy Reaction, Released in Young Mouthbreeding Fish (Ti1apia nilotica) during the “Critical Period”, from Imprinted Donors into Unimprinted Recipients after the “Critical Period” -- Neurochemistry -- Neurochemical Micromethods -- Neuronal Plasticity, Protein Conformation and Behavior -- Phosphorylation of Non-Histone Acid-Extractable Nuclear Proteins (NAEP) from Brain -- Biochemical Regulation of Synaptic Connectivity -- Radioactive Studies of Changes in Protein Metabolism by Adequate and Inadequate Stimulation in the Optic Tectum of Teleosts -- Encephalotropic Drugs and Cerebral RNA Metabolism.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9781468485004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Abstracts -- Permuted Subject Index -- Author Index -- Microthesaurus.
    Abstract: This volume follows and updates AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON DIVING AND SUBMARINE MEDICINE published by Gordon and Breach, Science Publishers, Inc., in 1971. The time period covered is primarily the calendar years 1970 and 1971. Also included, however, is much material from the calendar years 1968 and 1969 not in the previous publication. A brief analysis of the sources of material precedes the citations and abstracts, which comprise the main section of the volume. The bibliography is followed by a permuted subject index and an author index. Also included, following the indexes, is a micro thesaurus. Although no attempt has been made to do a critical subject analysis, such an analysis could be accomplished through selecting a particular subject, looking up the appropriate key works in the rotated index, identifying the abstracts, analyzing them, obtaining complete copy as desired, and completing the critical review. David C. Weeks, Ph.D. Director, BSCP Washington, D.C.
    Description / Table of Contents: AbstractsPermuted Subject Index -- Author Index -- Microthesaurus.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461582588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 421 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Corrosion and Deposition of Steels and Nickel-Base Alloys in Liquid Sodium -- Chemistry of Solid-Liquid Metal Reactions -- Corrosion and Deposition Observations -- Corrosion Models -- Discussion of the Proposed Corrosion Equation -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Titanium Alloys -- Physical Metallurgy of Titanium -- Electrochemistry of Titanium -- Presentation of Stress-Corrosion Cracking Data -- Fracture -- Discussion -- Practical Aspects of SCC of Titanium Alloys -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Intergranular Corrosion of Iron-Nickel-Chromium Alloys -- The Iron-Nickel-Chromium System -- Phenomenology and Models -- Experimental Techniques and Method -- Summary -- References -- Note Added in Proof.
    Abstract: This series was organized to provide a forum for review papers in the area of corrosion. The aim of these reviews is to bring certain areas of corrosion science and technology into a sharp focus. The volumes of this series are published approximately on a yearly basis and each contains three to five reviews. The articles in each volume are sekcted in such a way as to be of interest both to the corrosion scientists and the corrosion technologists. There is, in fact, a particular aim in juxtaposing these interests because of the importance of mutual interaction and interdisciplinarity so important in corrosion studies. It is hoped that the corrosion scientists in this way may stay abreast of the activities in corrosion technology and vice versa. In this series the term "corrosion" is used in its very broadest sense. It includes, therefore, not only the degradation of metals in aqueous en­ vironment but also what is commonly referred to as "high-temperature oxidation. " Further, the plan is to be even more general than these topics; the series will include all solids and all environments. Today, engineering solids include not only metals but glasses, ionic solids, polymeric solids, and composites of these. Environments of interest must be extended to liquid metals, a wide variety of gases, nonaqueous electrolytes, and other non­ aqueous liquids.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401169165
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 223 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Modern Electrical Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Power Electronics and Rotating Electric Drives -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Power Electronics -- 1.3. Rotating Electric Drives -- References and Bibliography -- 2. The Thyristor -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Semiconductors -- 2.3. Thyristor Characteristics -- 2.4. Thyristor Turn-Off -- 2.5. Thyristor Ratings -- 2.6. Thyristor Manufacture -- 2.7. Thyristors in Circuitsx -- 2.8. Thyristor Protection Circuits -- 2.9. Relative Merits of Thyristors -- 2.10. The Bidirectional Triode Thyristor (Triac) -- 2.11. Summary -- Worked Examples -- References and Bibliography -- Problems -- 3. Induction Motor Control -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Induction Motor Starting -- 3.3. Induction Motor Speed Control -- References -- Problems -- 4. Direct Current Motor Control -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Starting Direct Current Motors -- 4.3. Speed Control of Direct Current Motors -- 4.4. Position Control by Direct Current Motors -- References and Bibliography -- Problems -- 5. Synchronous Motor Control -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Synchronous Motor Starting -- 5.3. Speed Control -- 5.4. Synchronous Motor Excitation -- 5.5. A Synchronous or a Direct Current Motor? -- References and Bibliography -- Appendices -- I. Logic Circuitry for Inverter Control -- II. Logic Circuitry for Bidirectional Converter -- III. Logic Circuitry for On-Off Servo -- References -- Additional Problems for Chapters One, Two, Three and Four.
    Abstract: The following pages are meant for those who wish to use thyristors. The details of the physics of semiconductor materials or the design of thyristors themselves are unnecessary here but a general description of the device may help to avoid pitfalls during electric circuit design. Thyristor is the internationally recognized name for a particular semi­ conductor device. The name is derived from the Greek, the first part meaning switch and the second part an association with the transistor family. It has a trade name, viz. SCR (silicon controlled rectifier) and it got this name principally because it is a silicon device and it is used as a rectifier which can be controlled. As a controlled switch it forms a group together with the electromagnetic relay, the thyratron and the mercury arc rectifier. The advantages and disadvantages of the thyristor become apparent in the process of describing the device and its range of application. However, the present general interest, development and use of the thyristor, indicates that for many cases its many advantages make it superior to other devices. Control of rotating electric machines is a major interest of the author so that in this book the applications of the thyristor are towards this end. Thyristors are used so much in connection with the control of machines that it is worthwhile to go into some details of both the electric drive to be controlled and the possible thyristor control units.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468428476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: ALZA Conference Series 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Section I — Temporal Organization in Biosystems -- The Biological Time Scale -- Temporal and Hierarchical Organization in Biosystems -- Time and Timelessness in Biological Clocks -- Section II — Temporal Aspects of Subcellular Synthesis -- Sequential Assembly of Virus Particles -- Temporal Aspects of Macromolecular Synthesis in Eukaryotic Cells -- Section III — Temporal Aspects of Organ System Function -- Hormonal Control of the Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation in the Rhesus Monkey -- Section IV — Temporal Patterns and Therapeutics -- Pharmacokinetic Aspects of Controlled Drug Delivery Systems -- Cell Proliferation Characteristics and Cancer Chemotherapy -- Chronopharmacology in the Treatment of Hypertension with Diuretics -- Testosterone Polydimethylsiloxane Implants and Contraception in Male Rabbits -- Progress towards an Implantable Glucose Sensor and an Artificial Beta Cell -- Epilogue.
    Abstract: Drugs are molecular agents of a physician's purpose. Discussions of their mechanisms of action center upon biochemical processes, even though the therapeutic intent may be to create an effect at a higher level of organization. We often prescribe to stop pain, increase vigor, assure sleep, curtail infection, alleviate inflammation, elevate mood, etc. To achieve rational therapy at high levels of organization it is not enough to know the molecular structures of drugs, and the points at which they couple into biochemical reaction chains. Such knowledge deals with static concepts, whereas the biosystems we treat extend in the dimensions of time as well as in those of space. Even when "resting", a biosystem manifests a dynamic stability, and sustains numerous processes whose successive states follow trajectories in time. A chemical message is not necessarily received by a biosystem as the same signal at one time as at another. Studies of cell cycle biochemistry, and of circadian variations in toxicity of some agents, have emphasized the importance of time as an aspect of therapeutics. In this volume, temporal aspects of living systems are considered. In the first section they are dealt with from the point of view of general design principles, in three papers by Morowitz, by Yates and Iberall, and by Winfree. In the second section, papers by Kaiser and by Thompson present accounts of sequential events in fundamental subcellular processes.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9781461586722
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The International Cryogenics Monograph Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I The Superconducting State of Materials and Methods of Estimating It -- The Phenomenon of Superconductivity -- Empirical Rules -- Methods of Measuring the Critical Superconducting Characteristics of Metals and Alloys -- Low-Temperature Technique -- Metallography of Superconducting Alloys -- Literature Cited -- II Superconducting Elements -- Properties of Superconducting Elements -- Effect of Deformation and Interstitial Impurities on the Superconducting Properties of the Elements -- Literature Cited -- III Superconducting Compounds -- Compounds with the Cr3Si Structure -- Interstitial Phases and Certain Other Compounds of Metals with Nonmetals -- Sigma and Laves Phases and Similar Compounds -- Superconducting Compounds with Other Types of Structures -- Effect of Alloying Elements and Impurities on the Structure and Properties of Compounds -- Effect of Heat Treatment and Other Factors on the Superconducting Characteristics of Compounds -- Literature Cited -- IV Physicochemical Analysis of Superconducting Systems -- Binary Superconducting Systems -- Ternary and More Complex Superconducting Systems -- Literature Cited -- V Production of Superconducting Materials -- Effect of Composition, Deformation, and Heat Treatment on the Critical Current of Superconducting Alloys -- Technology of the Production of Superconducting Alloys -- Properties and Production Technology of Parts Made from Superconducting Compounds -- Literature Cited -- VI Applications -- Superconducting Magnets -- Computing Technology -- Electronics and Measuring Technology -- Nuclear Power and Space -- Electrical Machines -- Conclusion -- Literature Cited.
    Abstract: With the increased interest in superconductivity applications through­ out the world and the necessity of obtaining a firmer understanding of the basic concepts of superconductivity, the editors of the In­ ternational Cryogenics Monograph series are extremely grateful for the opportunity to add Superconducting Materials to this series. This comprehensive review and summary of superconducting ma­ terials was originally prepared by the Russian authors in 1969 and has been specifically updated for this series. It is the most thorough review of the literature on this subject that has been made to date. Since advances in the development and use of new superconducting materials are largely associated with the general state and level in the development of the physical theory of superconductivity, the physical chemistry of metals, metallography, metal physics, tech­ nical physics, and manufacturing techniques, it is hoped that this monograph will provide the stimulus for further advances in all aspects of this exciting field. The editors express their appreciation to the authors, the translators, and Plenum Publishing Corporation for their assistance and continued interest in making this worthy addition to the series possible.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475715927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 310 p) , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Acids, bases, and the nature of the hydrogen ion -- 3 The investigation of protolytic equilibria in aqueous solution -- 4 The effect of the solvent on protolytic equilibria -- 5 The thermodynamics of protolytic equilibria -- 6 Acid-base strength and molecular structure -- 7 The direct study of rates of simple proton-transfer reactions -- 8 The indirect study of rates of proton transfer -- 9 Examples of reactions catalysed by acids and bases -- 10 Rates, equilibria, and structures in proton-transfer reactions -- 11 Isotope effects in proton-transfer equilibria -- 12 Kinetic isotope effects in proton-transfer reactions -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The first edition of this book was based on the lectures which I gave at Cornell University during 1958 as George Fisher Baker Lecturer, and I would like to repeat my warmest thanks to Professor F. A. Long and the other members of the Department of Chemistry for their kindness and helpful advice. The present edition was largely written during the tenure of a Visiting Professorship awarded by the Royal Society and the Israeli Academy of Sciences. I am deeply indebted to both of these bodies and also to the hospitality of the Weizmann Institute of Science, in particular to Professor David Samuel and Professor F. S. Klein of the Isotopes Research Department. The subject as a whole has expanded greatly since 1959, especially in two fields, namely, the direct study of fast proton-transfer reactions (notably by the relaxation methods pioneered by Eigen), and the experi­ mental and theoretical study of hydrogen isotope effects. In order to keep the size of the book within reasonable bounds it has been necessary to adopt a selective policy, and this is particularly the case in Chapter 9 where I have chosen to treat a few types of reaction in some detail rather than to attempt a more complete coverage.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400959217
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Methods of Plant Analysis -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2 Methods of Extraction and Isolation -- 1.3 Methods of Separation -- 1.4 Methods of Identification -- 1.5 Applications -- 2 Phenolic Compounds -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Phenols and Phenolic Acids -- 2.3 Phenylpropanoids -- 2.4 Flavonoid Pigments -- 2.5 Anthocyanins -- 2.6 Flavonols and Flavones -- 2.7 Minor Flavonoids, Xanthones and Stilbenes -- 2.8 Quinone Pigments -- 3 The Terpenoids -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Essential Oils -- 3.3 Diterpenoids and Gibberellins -- 3.4 Triterpenoids and Steroids -- 3.5 Carotenoids -- 4 Organic Acids, Lipids and Related Compounds -- 4.1 Plant Acids -- 4.2 Fatty Acids and Lipids -- 4.3 Alkanes and Related Hydrocarbons -- 4.4 Polyacetylenes -- 4.5 Sulphur Compounds -- 5 Nitrogen Compounds -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Amino Acids -- 5.3 Amines -- 5.4 Alkaloids -- 5.5 Cyanogenic Glycosides -- 5.6 Indoles -- 5.7 Purines, Pyrimidines and Cytokinins -- 5.8 The Chlorophylls -- 6 Sugars and their Derivatives -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Monosaccharides -- 6.3 Oligosaccharides -- 6.4 Sugar Alcohols and Cyclitols -- 7 Macromolecules -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Nucleic Acids -- 7.3 Proteins -- 7.4 Polysaccharides.
    Abstract: While there are many books available on methods of organic and biochemical analysis, the majority are either primarily concerned with the application of a particular technique (e.g. paper chromatography) or have been written for an audience of chemists or for biochemists work­ ing mainly with animaltissues. Thus, no simple guide to modern metho ds of plant analysis exists and the purpose of the present volume is to fill this gap. It is primarily intended for students in the plant sciences, who have a botanical or a general biological background. It should also be of value to students in biochemistry, pharmacognosy, food science and 'natural products' organic chemistry. Most books on chromatography, while admirably covering the needs of research workers, tend to overwhelm the student with long lists of solvent systems and spray reagents that can be applied to each class of organic constituent. The intention here is to simplify the situation by listing only a few specially recommended techniques that have wide currency in phytochemical laboratories. Sufficient details are provided to allow the student to use the techniques for themselves and most sections contain some introductory practical experiments which can be used in classwork.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Methods of Plant Analysis1.1. Introduction -- 1.2 Methods of Extraction and Isolation -- 1.3 Methods of Separation -- 1.4 Methods of Identification -- 1.5 Applications -- 2 Phenolic Compounds -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Phenols and Phenolic Acids -- 2.3 Phenylpropanoids -- 2.4 Flavonoid Pigments -- 2.5 Anthocyanins -- 2.6 Flavonols and Flavones -- 2.7 Minor Flavonoids, Xanthones and Stilbenes -- 2.8 Quinone Pigments -- 3 The Terpenoids -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Essential Oils -- 3.3 Diterpenoids and Gibberellins -- 3.4 Triterpenoids and Steroids -- 3.5 Carotenoids -- 4 Organic Acids, Lipids and Related Compounds -- 4.1 Plant Acids -- 4.2 Fatty Acids and Lipids -- 4.3 Alkanes and Related Hydrocarbons -- 4.4 Polyacetylenes -- 4.5 Sulphur Compounds -- 5 Nitrogen Compounds -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Amino Acids -- 5.3 Amines -- 5.4 Alkaloids -- 5.5 Cyanogenic Glycosides -- 5.6 Indoles -- 5.7 Purines, Pyrimidines and Cytokinins -- 5.8 The Chlorophylls -- 6 Sugars and their Derivatives -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Monosaccharides -- 6.3 Oligosaccharides -- 6.4 Sugar Alcohols and Cyclitols -- 7 Macromolecules -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Nucleic Acids -- 7.3 Proteins -- 7.4 Polysaccharides.
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  • 80
    Article
    Article
    In:  Paideuma 19/20, 1973/74, S. 5-53.
    Language: German
    Titel der Quelle: Paideuma
    Angaben zur Quelle: 19/20, 1973/74, S. 5-53.
    Keywords: Mittelamerika Mexiko ; Maya-Stadt ; Südost-Europa ; Ukraine ; Skythe ; Byzanz ; Bevölkerungsbewegung ; Quelle, alte ; Archäologie ; Historiographie ; Alte Geschichte
    Note: L. Vajda
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  • 81
    Article
    Article
    In:  Libyca 21, 1973, S. 293-302.
    Language: French
    Titel der Quelle: Libyca
    Angaben zur Quelle: 21, 1973, S. 293-302.
    Keywords: Gourara Algerien ; Berber ; Architektur ; Archäologie
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401165723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 83 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Mathematics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Content -- 1. Axioms for the Real Numbers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fields -- 3 Order -- 4 Completeness -- 5 Upper bound -- 6 The Archimedean property -- Exercises -- 2. Sequences -- 7 Limit of a sequence -- 8 Sequences without limits -- 9 Monotone sequences -- Exercises -- 3. Series -- 10 Infinite series -- 11 Convergence -- 12 Tests -- 13 Absolute convergence -- 14 Power series -- Exercises -- 4. Continuous Functions -- 15 Limit of a function -- 16 Continuity -- 17 The intermediate value property -- 18 Bounds of a continuous function -- Exercises -- 5. Differentiable Functions -- 19 Derivatives -- 20 Rolle’s theorem -- 21 The mean value theorem -- Exercises -- 6. The Riemann Integral -- 22 Introduction -- 23 Upper and lower sums -- 24 Riemann-integrable functions -- 25 Examples -- 26 A necessary and sufficient condition -- 27 Monotone functions -- 28 Uniform continuity -- 29 Integrability of continuous functions -- 30 Properties of the Riemann integral -- 31 The mean value theorem -- 32 Integration and differentiation -- Exercises -- Answers to the Exercises.
    Abstract: I have tried to provide an introduction, at an elementary level, to some of the important topics in real analysis, without avoiding reference to the central role which the completeness of the real numbers plays throughout. Many elementary textbooks are written on the assumption that an appeal to the complete­ ness axiom is beyond their scope; my aim here has been to give an account of the development from axiomatic beginnings, without gaps, while keeping the treatment reasonably simple. Little previous knowledge is assumed, though it is likely that any reader will have had some experience of calculus. I hope that the book will give the non-specialist, who may have considerable facility in techniques, an appreciation of the foundations and rigorous framework of the mathematics that he uses in its applications; while, for the intending mathe­ matician, it will be more of a beginner's book in preparation for more advanced study of analysis. I should finally like to record my thanks to Professor Ledermann for the suggestions and comments that he made after reading the first draft of the text.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789400956889
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Chemical Physics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Non-relativistic Quantum Mechanics -- 1.1 Formal quantum mechanics -- 1.2 The Schrödinger equation -- 1.3 Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and related topics -- 1.4 Angular momentum -- 1.5 Electron spin -- 1.6 The need for a relativistic theory -- 2 Vector and Matrix Algebra -- 2.1 Vectors and vector multiplication -- 2.2 The repeated subscript convention for summation -- 2.3 The Kronecker delta ?ij -- 2.4 The ?ijk notation -- 2.5 The ?ijk sum rules -- 2.6 Examples I -- 2.7 The vector operator ? -- 2.8 The gradient -- 2.9 The divergence -- 2.10 The curl -- 2.11 Examples II -- 2.12 Second derivatives in vector calculus -- 2.13 The Dirac delta function -- 2.14 Matrices and determinants: a summary -- 2.15 Vectors in four dimensions -- 3 Classical Mechanics -- 3.1 Inertial frames and Galileo’s relativity principle -- 3.2 The principle of least action -- 3.3 Lagrange’s equations of motion -- 3.4 The Lagrangian for a system of particles -- 3.5 Constants of motion -- 3.6 The Hamiltonian -- 4 Special Relativity -- 4.1 Einstein’s principle of relativity -- 4.2 The interval -- 4.3 The Lorentz transformation -- 4.4 Contraction, dilation and paradoxes -- 4.5 The transformation of velocities -- 4.6 The relativistic mechanics of a free particle -- 4.7 Four-vectors -- 5 The Interaction of Charged Particles with Electromagnetic Fields -- 5.1 Units -- 5.2 The electromagnetic potentials -- 5.3 The field vectors -- 5.4 The Lorentz transformation of electric and magnetic fields -- 5.5 Gauge transformations -- 5.6 Maxwell’s equations -- 5.7 The potentials and fields due to a stationary charge -- 5.8 The potentials due to a moving charge -- 5.9 The interaction of two charged particles -- 5.10 The Thomas precession -- 6 The Classical Theory of Electromagnetic Fields -- 6.1 Continuous mechanical systems -- 6.2 The Lagrangian density for an electromagnetic field -- 6.3 The current four-vector -- 6.4 The second pair of Maxwell’s equations -- 6.5 Electromagnetic waves -- 6.6 Solution of the wave equation for free space -- 6.7 The characteristic vibrations of an electromagnetic field -- 7 Relativistic Wave Equations -- 7.1 Quantization of classical equations -- 7.2 Gauge invariance of quantum mechanical equations -- 7.3 The Klein-Gordon equation -- 8 The Dirac Equation -- 8.1 The Dirac equation for a free electron -- 8.2 The Dirac operators ? and ? -- 8.3 The introduction of an electromagnetic field -- 8.4 Electron spin -- 8.5 Lorentz invariance of the Dirac equation -- 8.6 The negative energy solutions — positrons -- 8.7 The non-relativistic approximation of the Dirac equation -- 8.8 The method of small components -- 8.9 The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation -- 8.10 The free electron -- 9 The Wave Equation for Many Electrons -- 9.1 The electromagnetic potentials due to a moving electron -- 9.2 The Hamiltonian for two electrons -- 9.3 The Breit equation -- 9.4 Reduction of the Breit equation to non-relativistic form -- 9.5 Radiative corrections -- 9.6 The many-electron Hamiltonian -- 10 The Molecular Hamiltonian -- 10.1 The introduction of nuclei -- 10.2 Finite nuclear size effects -- 10.3 Spectroscopically useful Hamiltonians -- 10.4 Effective Hamiltonians -- 11 The Hydrogen Atom -- 11.1 Non-relativistic theory for a one-electron atom -- 11.2 The non-relativistic approximation of the Dirac equation -- 11.3 The simultaneous eigenfunctions of j2, jz, l2, s2 and K -- 11.4 Commutation relations for the Dirac Hamiltonian -- 11.5 The Dirac equation in polar coordinates -- 11.6 Solution of the radial equations -- 11.7 The energy levels -- 11.8 Comparison of Dirac and non-relativistic atomic orbitals -- 11.9 The Lamb shift -- 11.10 More complicated systems -- 12 Quantum Field Theory -- 12.1 Quantization of the electromagnetic field -- 12.2 Solution of the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator equation -- 12.3 Creation and annihilation operators -- 12.4 Photons -- 12.5 Zero-point energy and vacuum fluctuations -- 12.6 Fermions and second quantization -- 13 The Interaction of Radiation and Matter -- 13.1 The interaction Hamiltonian -- 13.2 Time-dependent perturbation theory -- 13.3 Matrix elements of the interaction Hamiltonian -- 13.4 Absorption and emission -- 13.5 Comparison of the semiclassical and quantized theories -- 13.6 Multi-photon processes -- 13.7 The scattering of photons by molecules -- 13.8 Line widths and resonance fluorescence -- Appendix A Units -- A.1 SI units -- A.2 Conversion from the mixed (Gaussian) CGS system to the SI system -- A.3 Recommended values of physical constants -- Appendix B Vector Relations in Three Dimensions -- Appendix C General Bibliography -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This book is primarily intended for graduate chemists and chemical physicists. Indeed, it is based on a graduate course that I give in the Chemistry Depart­ ment of Southampton University. Nowadays undergraduate chemistry courses usually include an introduction to quantum mechanics with particular reference to molecular properties and there are a number of excellent textbooks aimed specifically at undergraduate chemists. In valence theory and molecular spectroscopy physical concepts are often encountered that are normally taken on trust. For example, electron spin and the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron are usually accepted as postulates, although they are well understood by physicists. In addition, the advent of new techniques has led to experimental situations that can only be accounted for adequately by relatively sophisticated physical theory. Relativis­ tic corrections to molecular orbital energies are needed to explain X-ray photo­ electron spectra, while the use oflasers can give rise to multiphoton transitions, which are not easy to understand using the classical theory of radiation. Of course, the relevant equations may be extracted from the literature, but, if the underlying physics is not understood, this is a practice that is at best dissatisfy­ ing and at worst dangerous. One instance where great care must be taken is in the use of spectroscopically determined parameters to test the accuracy of elec­ tronic wave functions.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400957138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Outline Studies In Biology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Strategy and tactics -- 3 Model systems, the reductionist approach -- 3.1 Bacteriophage -- 3.2 Enzyme induction in bacteria -- 3.3 Spore formation in bacteria -- 3.4 Are prokaryotes good models for eukaryotes? -- 3.5 The cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum -- 3.6 Tissue culture cells -- 3.7 Metamorphosis -- References -- 4 Special systems, the classical approach -- 4.1 Chromosome structure and function -- 4.2 RNA synthesis -- 4.3 Protein synthesis -- 4.4 Protein degradation -- 4.5 Protein modification -- 4.6 Metabolism -- Summary -- References -- Suggestions for further reading.
    Abstract: The development of an embryo is one of the which prevents entry of other sperm, fusion of most awe inspiring biological phenomena and the two haploid nuclei occurs and within about the study of cell differentiation can be traced 30 minutes the pigmented cortex rotates with respect to the underlying cytoplasm and in so back in antiquity to Aristotle and beyond However, there are few modern sciences which doing it reveals a grey, crescent shaped area on pay more than a cursory obeisance to their the side of the egg opposite to the point of founders and few students seem very interested entry of the sperm. This is another example of in the theories of their dead predecessors. polarity developing. Soon after fertilization the Embryology, though, is that rare exception - a zygote enters a period of rapid nuclear and cell division. The result of this cleavage process is science where the problems, theories and often that the egg cytoplasm is partitioned between techniques that excite our interest today, are essentially the same as those which excited our numerous cells whose ratio of nuclear volume to cytoplasmic volume is more like that found colleagues of fifty or even a hundred years ago. in an 'average' somatic cell.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vienna : Springer
    ISBN: 9783709171066
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Exact Philosophy 10
    Series Statement: LEP Library of Exact Philosophy 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Logic. ; Information storage and retrieval systems.
    Abstract: I Theoretical Concepts in Science -- 1. The Problem of Theoretical Concepts -- 2. Theoretical and Observational Concepts -- II Elimination of Theoretical Concepts -- 1. Craig’s General Replacement Programme -- 2. The Significance of Craig’s Replacement Programme -- 3. Replacement of First-Order Theories -- III Model Theory and Ramsey-Eliminability -- 1. Extendibility of Theories and Models -- 2. Ramsey-Eliminability of Theoretical Concepts -- IV Definitions and Theoretical Concepts -- 1. Determinate and Partially Determinate Definitions -- 2. Indeterminate Definability -- 3. Openness vs. Definability of Theoretical Concepts in the Social Sciences -- V Meaning and Interpretation of Theoretical Concepts -- 1. The Partial Interpretation View on Interpretation -- 2. Meaning and Interpretation of Scientific Terms -- 3. Meaning Postulates and Correspondence Rules -- VI Methodological Desirability of Theoretical Concepts -- 1. Gains Due to Theoretical Concepts -- 2. Methodological Illustrations of the Use of Theoretical Concepts -- 3. Scientific Growth and Explicitly Defined Theoretical Concepts -- VII Deductive Explanation and Theoretical Concepts -- 1. Deductive Explanation and Information -- 2. Theoretical Concepts and Deductive Explanation of Scientific Laws -- VIII Theoretical Concepts within Inductive Systematization -- 1. Problems of Inductive Inference -- 2. Theoretical Concepts within Inductive Systematization -- 3. Theoretical Concepts and Inductive Logic -- References -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: to that goal, and it is hoped that it will incorporate further works dealing in an exact way with interesting philosophical issues. Zurich, April 1973 Mario Bunge Preface In this book I have investigated the logical and methodological role of the much debated theoretical concepts in scientific theories. The philosophical viewpoint underlying my argumentation is critical scientific realism. My method of exposition has been to express ideas first in general terms and then to develop and elaborate them within a specific formal framework. It is assumed in the book that the reader has a relatively good knowledge of the basic techniques and results of modern symbolic logic, including model theory. Examples from actual science are mostly from the social sciences. I have deliberately omitted a treatment of a number of characteristic features which are particular to theoretical concepts in the more developed sciences, such as modern physics. This book owes very much to Professor Jaakko Hintikka, to whom I wish to express my deep gratitude. Especially at the begin­ ning of this project in 1968/69 when I was doing research for my doctoral degree at Stanford University I worked with him closely.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789401188029
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 469 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Humanities ; Library science ; Social sciences.
    Abstract: The history of printing, books, and libraries, is confined only to a limited extent within the boundaries of individual countries. There are, indeed, few historical developments which have played a more universal role, in reaction against all kinds of particularism, than type design, printing, book production, publishing, illustration, binding, librarianship, journal­ ism, and related subjects. Their history should be assessed and studied primarily in an international, not in a local, context. The bibliographical resources, however, which the historian of these sub­ jects has at his disposal correspond hardly at all to the essentially inter­ national character of the object of his studies. Since the appearance of the retrospective bibliography of BIG MORE and WYMAN, covering the subject comprehensively up to r88o, the only current bibliography has been the lnternationale Bibliographie des Buck-und Bi­ bliothekswesens. Covering a representative part of newly published liter­ ature, it appeared from rgz8, but did not survive the Second World War. More recently, several useful, but limited, bibliographies have appeared.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9783642952302
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Official Opening, Monday, June 28, 1971 -- Chairman: Albert B. Sabin -- Speakers: Théo Lefèvre -- Altiero Spinelli -- Morning Session, Monday, June 28, 1971 -- Chairman: John C. Kendrew -- Speakers: Friedrich Cramer “Can our Society meet the -- Challenge of a Technological Future?” -- Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky “A Scientist’s Approach to Human Values” -- Discussion -- Afternoon Session, Monday, June 28, 1971 -- Chairman: Hendrik B. G. Casimir -- Speakers: Léon Van Hove “Physical Science in Relation to Human Thought and Action” -- Chaim L. Pekeris “The Impact of Physical Sciences on Society” -- Discussion -- Evening, Monday, June 28, 1971 -- Chairman: Siegmund G. Warburg -- Speaker: Raymond Aron “Evening Address” -- Morning Session, Tuesday, June 29, 1971 -- Chairman: Wolfgang Gentner -- Speakers: Ole Maaløe “Can Ideas from Molecular Biology be applied to Economic and Social Systems?” -- David Samuel “Science and the Control of Man’s Mind” -- Discussion -- Afternoon Session, Tuesday, June 29, 1971 -- Chairman: Michael J. Higatsberger -- Speakers: Jean-Jacques Salomon “Science and Scientists’ Responsibilities in Today’s Society” -- Michael Feldman “Science and the Crisis of Democracy” -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Speakers: Victor F. Weisskopf -- Albert B. Sabin -- Appendix The Weizmann Institute -- Name Index.
    Abstract: "Scientists in Search of Their Conscience" is the edited proceedings of the European Symposium on the effects of science on society held in Brussels in 1971. Organised by The European Committee of The Weizmann Institute, Israel, the Conference gave scientists from varied disciplines and many countries the platform from which to explore in depth the dilemma facing them. The dilemma is the responsibility of scientists for society's use of scientific findings. Though no hard and fast conclusions were reached-in fact quite the contrary-the discussions left no doubt that scientists were becoming aware that they can no longer claim that the pursuit of knowledge is divorced from its use. Yet should they begin to face the responsibility for the application of their work, it is clear that their freedom will be impaired. The loss of freedom is of course part of the dilemma of science. Contents Official Opening, Monday, June 28, 1971 1 Chairman: Albert B. Sabin 3 Speakers: Theo Lefevre . 7 Altiero Spinelli . 11 Morning Session, Monday, June 28, 1971 13 Chairman: John C. Kendrew 15 Speakers: Friedrich Cramer "Can our Society meet the Challenge of a Technological Future?" . . . 19 Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky "A Scientist's - proach to Human Values" . 33 Discussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Afternoon Session, Monday, Jtme 28, 1971 . . . . . . . . 61 Chairman: Hendrik B. G. Casimir . . . . . . . . . . 61 Speakers: Leon Van Hove" Physical Science in Relation to Human Thought and Action" . . . . . . 63 Chaim L. Pekeris "The Impact of Physical Sciences on Society" 73 Discussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    Description / Table of Contents: Official Opening, Monday, June 28, 1971Chairman: Albert B. Sabin -- Speakers: Théo Lefèvre -- Altiero Spinelli -- Morning Session, Monday, June 28, 1971 -- Chairman: John C. Kendrew -- Speakers: Friedrich Cramer “Can our Society meet the -- Challenge of a Technological Future?” -- Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky “A Scientist’s Approach to Human Values” -- Discussion -- Afternoon Session, Monday, June 28, 1971 -- Chairman: Hendrik B. G. Casimir -- Speakers: Léon Van Hove “Physical Science in Relation to Human Thought and Action” -- Chaim L. Pekeris “The Impact of Physical Sciences on Society” -- Discussion -- Evening, Monday, June 28, 1971 -- Chairman: Siegmund G. Warburg -- Speaker: Raymond Aron “Evening Address” -- Morning Session, Tuesday, June 29, 1971 -- Chairman: Wolfgang Gentner -- Speakers: Ole Maaløe “Can Ideas from Molecular Biology be applied to Economic and Social Systems?” -- David Samuel “Science and the Control of Man’s Mind” -- Discussion -- Afternoon Session, Tuesday, June 29, 1971 -- Chairman: Michael J. Higatsberger -- Speakers: Jean-Jacques Salomon “Science and Scientists’ Responsibilities in Today’s Society” -- Michael Feldman “Science and the Crisis of Democracy” -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Speakers: Victor F. Weisskopf -- Albert B. Sabin -- Appendix The Weizmann Institute -- Name Index.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 88
    ISBN: 0-19-821688-2 , 978-0-19-821688-9
    Language: English
    Pages: xx, 204 Seiten, 1 ungezählte Seite Bildtafeln, 1 Faltblatt , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: Oxford Studies in African Affairs
    Keywords: Mauretanien Geschichte ; Islam und Politik ; Religion und Gesellschaft ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Sozialpolitik ; Mystik ; Sidiyya, Mauretanien, Scheich, Heiliger [Leben und Werk]
    Description / Table of Contents: List of illustrations -- Abbreviations -- Glossary -- Note on translation -- Introduction -- I. The Birth of a Saint: Shaikh Sidiyya's People And His Early Education -- II. Legitimation: The Kuntas and Sidiyya's Higher Education -- III. Islam and Social Order: Fiqh And Tasawwuf in Moorish Segmentary Society -- IV. Shaikh Sidiyya's Rise to Political Influence -- V. Economic Power and Religious Influence -- Conclusion -- Appendices. I. Genealogy of the First Seven Generations of the N'tishait (indicating close associates of Shaikh Sidiyya al-Kabir and marriages of principal figures in the first six generations). II. Silsila for the Qadiriyya which was held by Shaikh Sidiyya (and issued by the Kuntas). III. Money Equivalents and Commerce in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Southern Mauritania. IV. Schematic Representation of Segmentation and Principal Leaders and Traditions within the sufi turuq in West Africa up to the early twentieth century -- Bibliography -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 167-195"considerably revised and abridged version of a D.Phil. thesis presented to the Faculty of Oriental Studies at Oxford University in 1970." (Preface) , Ph.D. Thesis, Oxford University, Faculty of Oriental Studies, 1970, entitled The role of Shaikh Sidiyya and the Qadiriyya in southern Mauritania: an historical interpretation
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  • 89
    Book
    Book
    Bahía Blanca : Centro de Documentacio Patagonica
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: XVI, 266 Seiten
    Keywords: Patagonien Frankreich ; Archäologie ; Felsbild ; Mythologie ; Mythos und Legende ; Geschichte ; Bibliographie
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  • 90
    ISBN: 2-7157-1031-3 , 978-2-7157-1031-3
    Language: French
    Pages: 205 Seiten
    Edition: deuxième édition
    Keywords: Lateinamerika Sozialwissenschaft ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Mexiko ; Entwicklung, sozio-ökonomische ; Sozio-ökonomischer Aspekt ; Anthropologie, soziale ; Anthropologie, politische
    Abstract: Tout comme les autres sciences, les sciences sociales progressent avec l'accumulation de nos connaissances, mais également compte tenu de la critique ininterrompue des modèles et des paradigmes qui orientent et conduisent la recheche empirique. Chaque novelle génération de sociologues de toutes disciplines - quel que soit le domaine spécifique de leur réflexion - a l'obligation de mettre en question les schémas conceptuels légués par ses prédécesseurs, procéder à leur critiqque et d'en faire l'expérience. Et cela, non par souci gratuit de critique ou de simple recherche du nouveau: dans les sciences sociales, comme ailleurs, les diverses théories et méthodologies connaissent, elles aussi, des périodes de "mode" à durée longue ou brève. Une critique, destructrice et contructive à la fois, est nécessaire pour permettre l'interprétation de plus en plus rigoureuse des réalités sociales complexes et changeantes et surtout l'élaboration de stratégies d'action, pratiques et efficaces.Dans aucun autre domaine, une telle démarche n'est davantage nécessaire aujourd'hui que dans celui de la recherche et de la réflexion sur la problématique latino-américains. Longtemps, le développement des sciences sociales en Amérique latine s'est déroulé selon un processus de mimétisme et sous l'hégémonie de la production socio-scientifique des grands centres mondiaux. Cette dépendance intellectuelle et culturelle n'était, rien de plus qu'un reflet de la situation de sous-développement des sociétés latino-américaines. (Umschlagtext)
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- 1. Sept thèses erronées sur l'Amérique latine -- 2. L'Amérique latine demain: entre le sous-développement et la révolution -- 3. Marginalité, participation et structure agraire en Amérique latine -- 4. Le Mexique: L' "ejido" et le paysan individuel -- 5. Comment décoloniser les sciences sociales appliquées
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 205
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  • 91
    Book
    Book
    [Paris] : Verlag nicht ermittelbar
    Language: French
    Pages: 61 Seiten
    Keywords: Ägypten Afrika ; Äthiopen ; Nubien ; Sudan ; Felsbild ; Archäologie
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  • 92
    Book
    Book
    Westport, Connecticut : Greenwood Press, Publishers
    ISBN: 978-0-8371-6632-2 , 0-8371-6632-2
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIII, 391 S. , Illustrationen, Karten
    Edition: reprinted
    Keywords: Rhodesien Sambia ; Simbabwe ; Sozialer Wandel ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Wirtschaftlicher Wandel ; Kupfer ; Urbanisation ; Luanshya 〈Stadt, Sambia〉 ; Copperbelt 〈Stadt, Sambia〉
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 373-382.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 84-399-1342-7 , 978-84-399-1342-9
    Language: French
    Pages: 278 Seiten , Illustrationen, 1 Karte
    Series Statement: Ceeba Publications, Sér. 1: Rapports et Comptes Rendus 5
    Keywords: Demokratische Republik Kongo Zentralafrika ; Yanzi ; Landwirtschaft ; Viehhaltung ; Soziale Bedingungen
    Description / Table of Contents: Le Programme gouvernemental sur le développement agricole / Mundiayi Lukoji (p. 11-16.) -- Les Expériences du Centre Agricole de Mushie-Pentane / Mimbu F. (p. 17-20.) -- La Division du travail entre l'homme et la femme chez les Buma / Hermann Hochegger (p. 21-43.) -- Notes sur l'agriculture des Buma de Mushie Pentane / Mimbu F. (p. 45-47.) -- Développement de l'agriculture durant le dernier demi-siècle en région dite de Sia / Jean-Marie Pauwels (p. 49-52.) -- Agriculture et propriété terrienne chez les Yansi / Ernest Munzadi (p. 53-63.) -- L'Agriculture en pays Suku / Henri Schwiss (p. 64-66.) -- Modes de production et rites agricoles chez les Suku / Klaus Weiland (p. 67-77.) -- Essais de promotion rurale en pays Suku / Henri Schwiss (p. 79-90.) -- L'Abbaye de Kasanza / E. Mununu (p. 91-107.) -- Les Activités et les projets du Centre de Développement de Djuma / Joseph Charles (p. 109-133.) -- Contribution à l'étude du développement rural à la paroisse de Djuma s/Kwilu / Jean Elens (p. 135-142.) -- Projets et expériences du Centre de développement agricole laba-central / R. Munkoko (p. 143-158.) -- Élevage communautaire / Louis Peeters (p. 159-171.) -- Enquete sur l'agriculture traditionnelle à Kisanzi / Jean-Marie Lecomte (p. 173-181.) -- La Coopérative de Makaw / André Monteyne (p. 183-189.) -- Compte rendu de l'effort de développement agricole accompli au collège de Kiniati / Paul Ernst (p. 191-198.) -- Formules de métayage à Kimbongo / André Chaussignaud (p. 199-209.) -- Les Perspectives de l'agriculture à Kimbongo / André Chaussignaud (p. 211-225.) -- L'Élevage communautaire dans le diocèse de Kikwit / Joseph Charles (p. 227-229.) -- Effort de développement agricole chez les Bochiman de l'Angola du sud / Peter Bongard (p. 231-233.) -- Trois ans de promotion agricole au Tchad / Conrad Lux (p. 233-239.) -- Réflexions bibliques sur le développement / D. E. Skweres (p. 243-261.).
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  • 94
    ISBN: 0-521-08591-8 , 978-0-521-08591-5
    ISSN: 0068-6794
    Language: English
    Pages: xii, 219 Seiten , Tabellen, Karten
    Series Statement: Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology 6
    Keywords: Thailand Mönchtum ; Buddhismus ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Sozio-ökonomischer Aspekt
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: The Thai social system -- 1. "The way of the monk" -- 2. The monk and the lay community - 3. The wat community -- 4. The wat and its social matrix -- 5. The role of the Buddhist layman -- 6. The loosely structured social system: red herring or rara avis? -- Appendixes -- Bibliography -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 210-212
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  • 95
    Book
    Book
    Limaj : Instituto de Estudios Peruanos
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 176 S.
    Series Statement: Proyecto de Estudios Etnologicos del Valle de Chancay. Monografia 3
    Keywords: Peru Wirtschaft ; Soziale Bedingungen
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  • 96
    ISBN: 0-19-821687-4 , 978-0-19-821687-2
    Language: English
    Pages: [xiv],193 Seiten , Karten
    Series Statement: Oxford Studies in African Affairs
    Keywords: Nigeria Efik ; Sklavenhandel ; Ölpalme ; Westafrika ; Wirtschaftliche Bedingungen ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Sozio-ökonomischer Aspekt ; Sozialer Wandel ; Entwicklung, wirtschaftliche ; Entwicklung, soziale ; Geschichte ; Geschichte, politische ; Kolonialgeschichte
    Description / Table of Contents: List of maps -- List of graphs -- List of tables -- List of charts -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction: the Cross River Basin and the Efik before the arrival of the Europeans -- Part 1. The era of the slave trade -- 2. The slave trade at Old Calabar -- 3. The slave trade and Efik social history -- 4. The slave trade and Efik political history -- Part 2. The era of palm-oil trade -- 5. The palm-oil trade at Old Calabar -- 6. The palm-oil trade and Efik social history -- 7. The palm-oil trade and Efik political history -- Appendices -- Sources and bibliography -- Index
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 166-178
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  • 97
    Book
    Book
    München : Kommissionsverlag Klaus Renner
    ISBN: 3-87673-028-7
    Language: German
    Pages: 251 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Monographien zur Völkerkunde 8
    Keywords: Guatemala Indianer, Guatemala ; Archäologie ; Keramik ; Steinplastik ; Musikinstrument ; Werkzeug
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  • 98
    Language: Hungarian
    Pages: [36] Seiten , Illustrationen
    Keywords: Ungarn Hunne ; Archäologie ; Ausstellungskatalog
    Note: Mit deutscher Zusammenfassung: Hunnen, Awaren, Magyaren : Führer zur archäologischen Ausstellung im Morá-Ferenc-Museum Szeged
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  • 99
    Book
    Book
    [Milwaukee, Wis.] : Milwaukee Public Museum
    Language: English
    Pages: 206 S.
    Series Statement: Publications in Anthropology and History. Milwaukee Public Museum 1
    Keywords: Kanada Saskatchewan ; Archäologie ; Artefakt
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  • 100
    ISBN: 3-920307-12-7
    Language: German
    Pages: X, 382, XII Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: Unveränderter, durch ein Nachwort ergänzter Abdruck der Ausgabe 1851
    Uniform Title: Letters and notes on the manners, customs, and condition of the North American Indians
    Keywords: Nordamerika Indianer, Nordamerika ; Soziale Bedingungen ; Kultur ; Korrespondenz
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