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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (331)
  • München UB
  • Online Resource  (331)
  • Undetermined  (331)
  • [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press  (331)
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (331)
  • München UB
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  • Online Resource  (331)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    War in Ukraine : Conflict, Strategy, and the Return of a Fractured World (2024)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421449869
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (328 p.)
    Keywords: International relations ; Political Science / International Relations / General
    Abstract: The war in Ukraine has altered the course of global history. These authors explore how.When Vladimir Putin's forces sought to conquer Ukraine in February 2022, they did more than threaten the survival of a vulnerable democracy. The invasion unleashed a crisis that has changed the course of world affairs. This conflict has reshaped alliances, deepened global cleavages, and caused economic disruptions that continue to reverberate around the globe. It has initiated the first great-power nuclear crisis in decades and raised fundamental questions about the sources of national power and military might in the modern age. The outcome of the conflict will profoundly influence the international balance of power, the relationship between democracies and autocracies, and the rules that govern global affairs. In War in Ukraine, Hal Brands brings together an all-star cast of analysts to assess the conflict's origins, course, and implications and to offer their appraisals of one of the most geopolitically consequential crises of the early twenty-first century. Essays cover topics including the twists and turns of the war itself, the successes and failures of US strategy, the impact of sanctions, the future of Russia and its partnership with China, and more.Contributors: Anne Applebaum, Joshua Baker, Alexander Bick, Hal Brands, Daniel Drezner, Peter Feaver, Lawrence Freedman, Francis Gavin, Brian Hart, William Inboden, Andrea Kendall-Taylor, Michael Kimmage, Michael Kofman, Stephen Kotkin, Mark Leonard, Bonny Lin, Thomas Mahnken, Dara Massicot, Michael McFaul, Robert Person, Kori Schake, and Ashley Tellis
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What's Hidden Inside Planets? (2023)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421449210
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Stanley, Sabine, 1976 - What's hidden inside planets?
    RVK:
    UB 5260
    Keywords: Astronomy, space & time
    Abstract: Extreme heat. Extreme cold. Extreme pressure. Toxic gases. Scorching magma flows, and ice volcanoes. Interior tides. Asteroids filled with gold. In What's Hidden Inside Planets? planetary scientist Dr. Sabine Stanley cracks the surface to reveal the beating heart of planets and what created them—from the building blocks of swirling cosmic dust, pebbles, and gas to coalesced planetesimal beginnings to the worlds we see today. We're only beginning to explore the secretive interiors of planets, where awe-inspiring wonders await. Our home planet is no exception. Earth, from space, looks like a shimmering gem suspended in an inky, infinite expanse. But this serene image masks the magnificent and volatile interior forces that make life possible for millions of species on the surface. The placid appearances of our neighboring planets similarly belie their powers—and science fiction-worthy features, like diamond rain. The daily machinations of Earth's deep interior make the planet a habitable, yet sometimes treacherous, place to live. Drill down thousands of miles through our built environments and soil, sand, water, rock, and minerals to the outer (mainly liquid iron with nickel) and inner core, encountering intense convection, roiling metals, hidden continents, and shifting tectonic plates. Discover the effects of magnetism, rotation, and seismic activity seen and sensed in the forms of auroras, hurricanes, volcanoes, and earthquakes, among other manifestations. Our neighboring planets boast their own fierce forces, along with moons covered by frozen oceans that might someday reveal extraterrestrial life. Join this exciting journey to far-flung interstellar locations and the center of the Earth to learn what lies beneath our feet, and why it's the best real estate in our solar system
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can We Trust AI? (2022)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421445328
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Keywords: Information technology: general issues
    Abstract: Artificial intelligence is part of our daily lives. How can we address its limitations and guide its use for the benefit of communities worldwide?Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved from an experimental computer algorithm used by academic researchers to a commercially reliable method of sifting through large sets of data that detect patterns not readily apparent through more rudimentary search tools. As a result, AI-based programs are helping doctors make more informed decisions about patient care, city planners align roads and highways to reduce traffic congestion with better efficiency, and merchants scan financial transactions to quickly flag suspicious purchases. But as AI applications grow, concerns have increased, too, including worries about applications that amplify existing biases in business practices and about the safety of self-driving vehicles. In Can We Trust AI?, Dr. Rama Chellappa, a researcher and innovator with 40 years in the field, recounts the evolution of AI, its current uses, and how it will drive industries and shape lives in the future. Leading AI researchers, thought leaders, and entrepreneurs contribute their expertise as well on how AI works, what we can expect from it, and how it can be harnessed to make our lives not only safer and more convenient but also more equitable. Can We Trust AI? is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand the potential-and pitfalls-of artificial intelligence. The book features:• an exploration of AI's origins during the post-World War II era through the computer revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, and its explosion among technology firms since 2012;• highlights of innovative ways that AI can diagnose medical conditions more quickly and accurately;• explanations of how the combination of AI and robotics is changing how we drive; and• interviews with leading AI researchers who are pushing the boundaries of AI for the world's benefit and working to make its applications safer and more just. Johns Hopkins WavelengthsIn classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world's most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries and innovations benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems' environmental impacts, health equity, planetary science, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    World of Patterns : A Global History of Knowledge (2022)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421443461
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.)
    Keywords: History of science
    Abstract: A comprehensive account of the methods of knowledge production throughout human history and across the globe.The idea that the world can be understood through patterns and the principles that govern them is one of the most important human insights-it may also be our greatest survival strategy. Our search for patterns and principles began 40,000 years ago, when striped patterns were engraved on mammoths' bones to keep track of the moon's phases. What routes did human knowledge take to grow from these humble beginnings through many detours and dead ends into modern understandings of nature and culture? In this work of unprecedented scope, Rens Bod removes the Western natural sciences from their often-central role to bring us the first global history of human knowledge. Having sketched the history of the humanities in his ground-breaking A New History of the Humanities, Bod now adopts a broader perspective, stepping beyond classical antiquity back to the Stone Age to answer the question: Where did our knowledge of the world today begin and how did it develop? Drawing on developments from all five continents of the inhabited world, World of Patterns offers startling connections. Focusing on a dozen fields-ranging from astronomy, philology, medicine, law, and mathematics to history, botany, and musicology-Bod examines to what degree their progressions can be considered interwoven and to what degree we can speak of global trends.In this pioneering work, Bod aims to fulfill what he sees as the historian's responsibility: to grant access to history's goldmine of ideas. Bod discusses how inoculation was invented in China rather than Europe; how many of the fundamental aspects of modern mathematics and astronomy were first discovered by the Indian Kerala school; and how the study of law provided fundamental models for astronomy and linguistics from Roman to Ottoman times. The book flies across continents and eras. The result is an enlightening symphony, a stirring chorus of human inquisitiveness extending through the ages
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Consuming Landscapes : What We See When We Drive and Why It Matters (2022)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421445649
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: For better or worse, windshields have become a major frame for viewing the nonhuman world. The view from the road is one of the main ways in which we experience our environments. These vistas are the result of deliberate historical forces, and humans have shaped them as they simultaneously sought to be transformed by them. In Consuming Landscapes, Thomas Zeller explores how what we see while driving reflects how we view our societies and ourselves, the role that consumerism plays in our infrastructure, and ideas about reshaping the environment in the twentieth century. Zeller breaks new ground by comparing the driving experience and the history of landscaped roads in the United States and Germany, two major automotive countries. He focuses specifically on the Blue Ridge Parkway in the United States and the German Alpine Road as case studies. When the automobile was still young, an early twentieth-century group of designers-landscape architects, civil engineers, and planners-sought to build scenic infrastructures, or roads that would immerse drivers in the landscapes that they were traversing. As more Americans and Europeans owned cars and drove them, however, they became less interested in enchanted views; safety became more important than beauty. Clashes between designers and drivers resulted in different visions of landscapes made for automobiles. As strange as it may seem to twenty-first-century readers, many professionals in the early twentieth century envisioned cars and roads, if properly managed, as saviors of the environment. Consuming Landscapes illustrates how the meaning of infrastructures changed as a result of use and consumption. Such changes indicate a deep ambivalence toward the automobile and roads, prompting the question: can cars and roads bring us closer to nature while deeply altering it at the same time?
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Is Cancer Inevitable? (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421442761
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine
    Abstract: How can new understandings about cancer cell interactions help doctors better control, and eventually cure, cancer?Cancer is a formidable enemy. In fact, people born in America since 1960 face a one in two chance of being diagnosed with cancer in their lifetimes. However, there's growing evidence that fewer cancers will be death sentences for patients. New approaches and understandings are transforming the medical world, increasing success rates for remissions, disease management, and cures. Dr. Ashani Weeraratna is at the forefront of this new level of care. In Is Cancer Inevitable?, Weeraratna-a pioneering melanoma researcher whose work explores the role aging plays in cancer cells' spread and drug resistance-gives readers an inside look at several of the latest cancer advances. Detailing the actions that are reducing the disease's impact and exploring what the future may hold, she explains how the molecular mechanisms involved in metastasis and the cells' microenvironments influence cancer's development and progression. Over the years, she writes, our understanding of how cancer cells move throughout the body, change as they plant themselves in the body's microenvironments, and even communicate with one another have led to major insights about how cancer works. With compelling detail, she takes us inside her lab, revealing how new insights are leading to major breakthroughs, even among patients with Stage IV cancer. She also explains how age-related changes in the microenvironment contribute to multiple aspects of melanoma formation and development. Such scholarship, she argues, is moving us toward a day when more patients will be declared cancer-free. An inspiring and deeply personal book, Is Cancer Inevitable? offers readers newfound hope.Features• Explores key insights and studies developed in recent years that have greatly influenced the world of cancer research, including how aging microenvironments within our bodies encourage metastasis and therapy resistance• Guides readers through Dr. Ashani Weeraratna's personal story of coming to the United States from Lesotho at the age of 17 and rising to become one of the pioneers in her field• Brings readers inside Weeraratna's lab, describing both the processes and the missions of her work • Raises awareness about how cancer works within the body and what any patient or family encountering the disease needs to understand-while also offering them hope based on new and forthcoming diagnostic and treatment methods• Outlines why we will never control-let alone cure-cancer if we don't find a common purpose and come together in collaboration, inviting the greatest minds from around the world to participate in finding and implementing solutionsJohns Hopkins WavelengthsIn classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world's most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems' environmental impacts, health equity, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What Universities Owe Democracy (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421444307
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Keywords: Political structures: democracy
    Abstract: Universities have historically been integral to democracy. What can they do to reclaim this critical role?Universities play an indispensable role within modern democracies. But this role is often overlooked or too narrowly conceived, even by universities themselves. In What Universities Owe Democracy, Ronald J. Daniels, the president of Johns Hopkins University, argues that—at a moment when liberal democracy is endangered and more countries are heading toward autocracy than at any time in generations—it is critical for today's colleges and universities to reestablish their place in democracy. Drawing upon fields as varied as political science, economics, history, and sociology, Daniels identifies four distinct functions of American higher education that are key to liberal democracy: social mobility, citizenship education, the stewardship of facts, and the cultivation of pluralistic, diverse communities. By examining these roles over time, Daniels explains where colleges and universities have faltered in their execution of these functions—and what they can do going forward. Looking back on his decades of experience leading universities, Daniels offers bold prescriptions for how universities can act now to strengthen democracy. For those committed to democracy's future prospects, this book is a vital resource
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neo-nationalism and Universities : Populists, Autocrats, and the Future of Higher Education (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421443201
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Keywords: Higher & further education, tertiary education
    Abstract: The rise of neo-nationalism is having a profound and troubling impact on leading national universities and the societies they serve. This is the first comparative study of how today's right-wing populist movements and authoritarian governments are threatening higher education.Universities have long been at the forefront of both national development and global integration. But the political and policy world in which they operate is undergoing a transition, one that is reflective of a significant change in domestic politics and international relations: a populist turn inward among a key group of nation-states, often led by demagogues, that includes China and Hong Kong, Turkey, Hungary, Russia, Brazil, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In many parts of the world, the COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity for populists and autocrats to further consolidate their power. Within right-wing political ecosystems, universities, in effect, offer the proverbial canary in the coal mine-a clear window into the extent of civil liberties and the political environment and trajectory of nation-states.In Neo-nationalism and Universities, John Aubrey Douglass provides the first significant examination of the rise of neo-nationalism and its impact on the missions, activities, behaviors, and productivity of leading national universities. Douglass presents a major comparative exploration of the role of national politics and norms in shaping the role of universities in nation-states-and vice versa. He also explores when universities are societal leaders or followers: When they are agents of social and economic change, or simply agents reinforcing and supporting an existing social and political order.In a series of case studies, Douglass and contributors examine troubling trends that threaten the societal role of universities, including attacks on civil liberties, free speech, and the validity of science; the firing and jailing of academics; anti-immigrant rhetoric; and restrictions on visas with consequences for the mobility of academic talent. The book also offers recommendations to preserve the autonomy and academic freedom of universities and their constituents. Neo-nationalism and Universities is written for a broad public readership interested and concerned about the rise of nationalist movements, illiberal democracies, and autocratic leaders.Contributors: José Augusto Guilhon Albuquerque, Elizabeth Balbachevsky, Thomas Brunotte, Igor Chirikov, Igor Fedyukin, Karin Fischer, Wilhelm Krull, Brendan O'Malley, Bryan E. Penprase, Marijk van der Wende
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Public Values Leadership : Striving to Achieve Democratic Ideals (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421442211
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (352 p.)
    Keywords: Central government policies
    Abstract: Instead of private gain or corporate profits, what if we set public values as the goal of leadership?Leadership means many things and takes many forms. But most studies of the topic give little attention to why people lead or to where they are leading us. In Public Values Leadership, Barry Bozeman and Michael M. Crow explore leadership that serves public values-that is to say, values that are focused on the collective good and fundamental rights rather than profit, organizational benefit, or personal gain. While nearly everyone agrees on core public values, there is less agreement on how to obtain them, especially during this era of increased social and political fragmentation. How does public values leadership differ from other types of organizational leadership, and what distinctive skills does it require? Drawing on their extensive experience as higher education leaders, Bozeman and Crow wrestle with the question of how to best attain universally agreed-upon public values like freedom, opportunity, health, and security. They present conversations and interviews with ten well-known leaders-people who have achieved public values objectives and who are willing to discuss their leadership styles in detail. They also offer a series of in-depth case studies of public values leadership and accomplishment. Public values leadership can only succeed if it includes a commitment to pragmatism, a deep skepticism about government versus market stereotypes, and a genuine belief in the fundamental importance of partnerships and alliances. Arguing for a "mutable leadership," they suggest that different people are leaders at different times and that ideas about natural leaders or all-purpose leaders are off the mark. Motivating readers, including students of public policy administration and practitioners in public and nonprofit organizations, to think systematically about their own values and how these can be translated into effective leadership, Public Values Leadership is highly personal and persuasive
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Papers of Thomas A. Edison : Competing Interests, January 1888-December 1889 (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421441931
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1160 p.)
    Keywords: General & world history
    Abstract: This richly illustrated volume explores Edison's inventive and personal pursuits from 1888 to 1889, documenting his responses to technological, organizational, and economic challenges.Thomas A. Edison was received at the 1889 Paris Exposition Universelle-the World's Fair-as a conquering hero. Extravagantly fêted and besieged by well-wishers, he was seen, like Gustave Eiffel's iron tower, as a triumphal symbol of republicanism and material progress. The visit was a high-water mark of his international fame.Out of the limelight, Edison worked as hard as ever. On top of his work as an inventor, entrepreneur, and manufacturer, he created a new role as a director of research. At his peerless laboratory in Orange, New Jersey, he directed assistants working in parallel on multiple projects. These included the "perfected" phonograph; a major but little-recognized effort to make musical recordings for sale; the start of work on motion pictures; and improvements in the recovery of low-grade iron ore. He also pursued a public "War of the Currents" against electrical rival George Westinghouse. Keenly attuned to manufacturing as a way to support the laboratory financially and control his most iconic products, Edison created a new cluster of factories. He kept his manufacturing rights to the phonograph while selling the underlying patents to an outside investor in a deal he would regret. When market pressures led to the consolidation of Edison lighting interests, he sold his factories to the new Edison General Electric Company. These changes disrupted his longtime personal and professional relations even as he planned an iron-mining project that would take him to the New Jersey wilderness for long periods.The ninth volume of the series, Competing Interests explores Edison's inventive and personal pursuits from 1888 to 1889, documenting his responses to technological, organizational, and economic challenges. The book includes 331 documents and hundreds of Edison's drawings, which are all revealing and representative of his life and work in these years. Essays and notes based on meticulous research in a wide range of sources, many only recently available, provide a rich context for the documents
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can the Obesity Crisis Be Reversed? (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421442730
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Obesity: treatment & therapy
    Abstract: How can we work together to understand the rise of obesity and reverse its related diseases and societal impacts?Obesity is a complex condition that increases a person's risk for developing diabetes, heart disease, cancer, dementia, and other life-threatening conditions. Contrary to prevailing notions that it results solely from a person's diet and exercise failings, a predisposition to obesity is actually determined by genetics as well as by environmental and socioeconomic factors that lie beyond individual control. In Can the Obesity Crisis Be Reversed?, Dr. Rexford Ahima draws on his extensive laboratory and clinical experiences at top institutions to examine the complicated causes of obesity, as well as the most cutting-edge approaches for prevention and treatment. Ahima looks at how the rising trends of obesity and associated diseases are driving up health care costs. He also offers insight into the widespread suffering that obesity imposes and its disproportionate impacts in minority and underserved communities.Calling for greater societal and community engagement in stemming the obesity crisis, Ahima argues that there is an urgent need to promote healthier foods and environmental infrastructure as well as formal programs that reduce obesity. By understanding and applying fundamental knowledge, Can the Obesity Crisis Be Reversed? makes a convincing case that all of us, working individually and collectively, can help to reverse the obesity crisis.Features• Provides information on the biological pathways that control eating and metabolism• Explains genetic and environmental bases of obesity• Reviews the contributions of diet and physical activity to weight gain while speaking to the folly and dangers of individual blame• Offers practical recommendations for healthy diets, exercise, and lifestyle• Discusses current medical and surgical treatments of obesity• Examines comprehensive societal strategies for obesity preventionJohns Hopkins WavelengthsIn classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world's most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems' environmental impacts, health equity, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem? (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421441177
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Public health & preventive medicine
    Abstract: How can we all work together to eliminate the avoidable injustices that plague our health care system and society?Health is determined by far more than a person's choices and behaviors. Social and political conditions, economic forces, physical environments, institutional policies, health care system features, social relationships, risk behaviors, and genetic predispositions all contribute to physical and mental well-being. In America and around the world, many of these factors are derived from a lingering history of unequal opportunities and unjust treatment for people of color and other vulnerable communities. But they aren't the only ones who suffer because of these disparities-everyone is impacted by the factors that degrade health for the least advantaged among us.In Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem? Dr. Lisa Cooper shows how we can work together to eliminate the injustices that plague our health care system and society. The book follows Cooper's journey from her childhood in Liberia, West Africa, to her thirty-year career working first as a clinician and then as a health equity researcher at Johns Hopkins University. Drawing on her experiences, it explores how differences in communication and the quality of relationships affect health outcomes. Through her work as the founder and director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Equity, it details the actions and policies needed to reduce and eliminate the conditions that are harming us all. Cooper reveals with compelling detail how health disparities are crippling our health care system and society, driving up health care costs, leading to adverse health outcomes and ultimately an enormous burden of human suffering. Why Are Health Disparities Everyone's Problem? demonstrates the ways in which everyone's health is interconnected, both within communities and across the globe. Cooper calls for a new kind of herd immunity, when a sufficiently high proportion of people, across race and social class, become immune to harmful social conditions through "vaccination" with solidarity among groups and opportunities created by institutional and societal practices and policies. By acknowledging and acting upon that interconnectedness, she believes everyone can help to create a healthier world.Features• Raises readers' health care inequities literacy through an approachable narrative with specific examples• Introduces the concept of "herd immunity" as it applies to building communal awareness of systemic injustices• Features sections that underscore key takeaways• Includes contributions from the world's leading minds through their research findings and quotations• Guides readers on what can be done at an individual level as a patient, public health professional, and community member • Includes inspiring stories of effective health equity studies and practices around the world, from Ghana's ADHINCRA Project addressing hypertension control to Baltimore's BRIDGE Study for depression in African Americans and the Maryland and Pennsylvania-based RICH LIFE Project for hypertension, diabetes, and other medical conditionsJohns Hopkins WavelengthsIn classrooms, field stations, and laboratories in Baltimore and around the world, the Bloomberg Distinguished Professors of Johns Hopkins University are opening the boundaries of our understanding of many of the world's most complex challenges. The Johns Hopkins Wavelengths book series brings readers inside their stories, illustrating how their pioneering discoveries benefit people in their neighborhoods and across the globe in artificial intelligence, cancer research, food systems' environmental impacts, health equity, science diplomacy, and other critical arenas of study. Through these compelling narratives, their insights will spark conversations from dorm rooms to dining rooms to boardrooms
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can Fixing Dinner Fix the Planet? (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421441146
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Sustainable agriculture
    Abstract: How can consumers, nations, and international organizations work together to improve food systems before our planet loses its ability to sustain itself and its people?Do we have the right to eat wrongly?As the world's agricultural, environmental, and nutritional needs intersect-and often collide-how can consumers, nations, and international organizations work together to reverse the damage by changing how we make, distribute, and purchase food? Can such changes in practice and policy reverse the trajectories of the biggest global crises impacting our world: the burden of chronic diseases, the consequences of climate change, and the systemic economic and social inequities that exist within and among nations?Can Fixing Dinner Fix the Planet? is a clarion call for both individual consumers and those who shape our planet's food and environmental policies that:• describes the often destructive path that foods take from farms and seas through their processing, distribution, marketing, purchasing and waste management sites• explores the complex web of factors impacting our ability to simultaneously meet nutritional needs, sustain biodiversity and protect the environment• raises readers' food and environmental literacy through an engaging narrative about Fanzo's research on five continents along with the work of other inspiring global experts who are providing solutions to these crises• empowers readers to contribute to immediate and long-term changes by informing their decisions in restaurants, grocery stores, farmers markets, and kitchens
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cancer with Hope : Facing Illness, Embracing Life, and Finding Purpose (2021)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421438382
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Coping with illness & specific conditions ; Coping with cancer
    Abstract: In Cancer with Hope, former CEO Mike Armstrong chronicles his experience with leukemia, prostate cancer, near-fatal sepsis, and a crippling autoimmune disease. Mike shares how his often difficult journey from humble beginnings to leading some of the world's top corporations taught him the importance of hope and purpose, tools that proved invaluable throughout his cancer journey. More than the tale of one man's experience with cancer, this important book includes expert advice and vetted resources to help patients best manage their disease, as well as compelling stories from a wide range of cancer patients who have faced seemingly insurmountable odds yet managed to maintain hope and find meaningful purpose
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 15
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    Vox Populi : Essays in the History of an Idea (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421435053
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (310 p.)
    Keywords: History of Western philosophy
    Abstract: Originally published in 1969. The proverb vox populi, vox Dei first appeared in a work by Alcuin (ca. 798), who wrote that "the people [] are to be led, not followed. [] Nor are those to be listened to who are accustomed to say, 'The voice of the people is the voice of God.'" Tracing the changing meaning of the saying through European history, George Boas finds that "the people" are not an easily identifiable group. For many centuries the butt of jokes and the substance of comic relief in serious drama, the people became in time an object of pity and, later, of aesthetic appeal. Popular opinion, despised in ancient Rome, was something sought, after the French Revolution. The first essay documents the use of the titular proverb through the eighteenth century. In the next six essays, Boas attempts to determine who the people were and how writers and philosophers have regarded them throughout history. He also examines the people as the creators of literature, art, and music, and as the subject of others' artistic representations. In a final essay, he discusses egalitarianism, which has given a voice to the common person. Animating Boas's account is his own belief in the importance of the individual's voice-as opposed to the voice of the masses, which is by no means necessarily that of God or reason
    Note: English
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  • 16
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    The Dome and the Rock : Structure in the Poetry of Wallace Stevens (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421436999
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (368 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1968. In The Dome and the Rock: Structure in the Poetry of Wallace Stevens, James Baird traces the process of Wallace Steven's Grand Poem and the total structure that it accomplished in language. In the words of Professor Baird, "The full art of Stevens is organized with architectural precision. The shape of the mind becomes a building, the framework of which is founded in a willed symmetry of design." In The Dome and the Rock, James Baird exposes the capacity of Wallace Stevens to design his poetry in a manner similar to an architect, and he "reveals the craftsmanship of [Wallace's] acts as builder."
    Note: English
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  • 17
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    The Metaphoric Structure of Paradise Lost (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421434742
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Literary theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1962. The rise of "metaphoric" criticism is a reaction against a previous critical preoccupation with psychology and time. Milton spatialized time, thoroughly mastering a metaphoric technique. The Metaphoric Structure of Paradise Lost, after discussing the influences that shaped Milton's aesthetic, systematically examines the structural components of Paradise Lost—light, darkness, and vertical movement—and finds that they imitate, metaphorically, the overall theme of the epic. To test further the implications of his hypothesis, Professor Cope turns to two unsettled points in Miltonic exegesis: Milton's muse and the dialogue in Heaven
    Note: English
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  • 18
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    America and the World : From the Truman Doctrine to Vietnam (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421436906
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (448 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: Originally published in 1970. This volume presents a study of American foreign policy during the Cold War period, investigating the United States' involvement with the U.S.S.R., China, and communist parties throughout the world
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  • 19
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    European Landed Elites in the Nineteenth Century (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421436814
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: European history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1977. Professor David Spring presents comparative histories of European landed elites in the nineteenth century, covering English, Prussian, Russian, Spanish, and French landed elites. European Landed Elites in the Nineteenth Century underscores the particularities of each case and underscores the differences between cases
    Note: English
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  • 20
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    Music for a King : George Herbert's Style and the Metrical Psalms (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421436937
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: poetry & poets
    Abstract: Originally published in 1972. Music for a King tries to study the affinities in form and matter between the versified translation of the Psalms and George Herbert's lyrics. Coburn Freer reads Herbert's poetry by way of the metrical psalms that precede it, proposing a reading that could be applied to more poems than are discussed here. Rather than multiply examples needlessly, this book stresses a few central poems as models or representatives. This reading of Herbert recognizes the historical dimension of his poems, but the author does not make that dimension the only significant one in the determination of poetic meaning or value
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  • 21
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    William Marshal : Knight-Errant, Baron, and Regent of England (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421433240
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (322 p.)
    Keywords: European history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1933. As mediaeval society was dominated by the feudal caste, a biography that depicts the position, activities, manners, and thoughts of a member of that class might do much to elucidate the history of the period. This is what Sidney Painter had in mind when he wrote a William Marshal: Knight-Errant, Baron, and Regent of England. The subject has proved a peculiarly fortunate one. The fourth son of John fitz Gilbert, marshal of the king's court, William for the first forty years of his life was a landless knight who devoted most of his time and energy to tournaments. In the year 1189 by his marriage to the daughter and heiress of Earl Richard of Pembroke, William became a great feudal lord with fiefs in Normandy, England, Wales, and Ireland. Thus his biography depicts the two extremes of feudal society-the landless knight and the rich baron. Finally in 1216 he was chosen regent of England for the young king, Henry III, and his biography becomes for three years the history of England
    Note: English
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  • 22
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    Philosophy and the Turn to Religion (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437415
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (498 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy of religion
    Abstract: Originally published in 1999. If religion once seemed to have played out its role in the intellectual and political history of Western secular modernity, it has now returned with a vengeance. In Philosophy and the Turn to Religion, Hent de Vries argues that a turn to religion discernible in recent philosophy anticipates and accompanies this development in the contemporary world. Though the book reaches back to Immanuel Kant, Martin Heidegger, and earlier, it takes its inspiration from the tradition of French phenomenology, notably Emmanuel Levinas, Jean-Luc Marion, and, especially, Jacques Derrida. Tracing how Derrida probes the discourse on religion, its metaphysical presuppositions, and its transformations, de Vries shows how this author consistently foregrounds the unexpected alliances between a radical interrogation of the history of Western philosophy and the religious inheritance from which that philosophy has increasingly sought to set itself apart.De Vries goes beyond formal analogies between the textual practices of deconstruction and so-called negative theology to address the necessity for a philosophical thinking that situates itself at once close to and at the farthest remove from traditional manifestations of the religious and the theological. This paradox is captured in the phrase adieu (à dieu), borrowed from Levinas, which signals at once a turn toward and a leave-taking from God-and which also gestures toward and departs from the other of this divine other, the possibility of radical evil. Only by confronting such uncanny and difficult figures, de Vries claims, can one begin to think and act upon the ethical and political imperatives of our day
    Note: English
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  • 23
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    Imagining Consumers : Design and Innovation from Wedgwood to Corning (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421437262
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (408 p.)
    Keywords: History of specific companies / corporate history
    Abstract: Winner of the Hagley Prize in Business History from The Hagley Museum and Library and the Business History ConferenceSelected by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic TitleOriginally published in 1999. Imagining Consumers tells for the first time the story of American consumer society from the perspective of mass-market manufacturers and retailers. It relates the trials and tribulations of china and glassware producers in their contest for the hearts of the working- and middle-class women who made up more than eighty percent of those buying mass-manufactured goods by the 1920s. Based on extensive research in untapped corporate archives, Imagining Consumers supplies a fresh appraisal of the history of American business, culture, and consumerism. Case studies illuminate decision making in key firms-including the Homer Laughlin China Company, the Kohler Company, and Corning Glass Works-and consider the design and development of ubiquitous lines such as Fiesta tableware and Pyrex Ovenware
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  • 24
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    The Mind of a Poet : The Prelude, Commentary (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421438351
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (422 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: This book seeks to study the mind of a poet, specifically by picking William Wordsworth as a case study. The reason for signaling out Wordsworth as the person in whom to study the mind of a poet is that The Prelude reveals with unusual fullness a mind that is fundamentally poetic. Even its peculiarities, its numerous limitations, and its unusual emphases are in the main those of a poet. Besides, poetry-not, as with many other writers, religious or social problems, humanitarianism, science, politics, economics, metaphysics, or literary criticism-was the chief concern of his creative years. Further, the sheer amount of verse, criticism, letters, and journals Wordsworth produced makes him an excellent choice for a study of this kind
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  • 25
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    Stevens' Poetry of Thought (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437026
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Biography: literary
    Abstract: Originally published in 1966. Stevens' Poetry of Thought is the first full-length study of Wallace Stevens as a thinker. With original insight, Mr. Doggett provides many detailed interpretations of individual poems in examining Steven's imagery. This is a pertinent treatment of Stevens' inherent affinity with the philosophic imagination of his time, showing how firmly this poet was linked through his images with the leading thinkers of the age just passed-especially Schopenhauer, Bergson, Santayana, Whitehead, William James, Jung, and Cassirer. The clear and perceptive reading of a great many of the poems in this book should illuminate the work of Stevens for all the readers who admire his language and wish for further insight into its significance. Beyond being a definitive exposition of Steven' poetry and a meaningful act of faith in the intellectual sophistication of Stevens, this is an exciting study of the human imagination which satisfies the need for distinction between poetry and philosophy while illuminating one by the other. Mr. Doggett demonstrates how the poetry of Stevens is a representative voice of the ideas of his age and illustrates Stevens own statement: "Poets and philosophers often think alike, as we shall see." Wallace Stevens is now recognized as one of the most important American poets of the twentieth century. His first volume of poems, Harmonium was published in 1923, and since then seven volumes of his work have appeared. He was awarded the Bollingen Prize in Poetry of the Yale University Library for 1949. In 1951 he won the National Book Award in Poetry for The Auroras of Autumn. The Collected Works of Wallace Stevens was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in Poetry in 1955. From 1916 to his death in 1955 he was associated with the Hartford Accident and Indemnity Company, of which he became vice-president in 1934
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  • 26
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    Ideas about Substance (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421436968
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Phenomenology & Existentialism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1969. Ideas about Substance is a part of the "Seminars in the History of Ideas" series at Johns Hopkins University Press
    Note: English
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  • 27
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    Advertising Progress : American Business and the Rise of Consumer Marketing (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421434193
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (506 p.)
    Keywords: Sales & marketing
    Abstract: Selected by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic TitleOriginally published in 1998. Drawing on both documentary and pictorial evidence, Pamela Walker Laird explores the modernization of American advertising to 1920. She links its rise and transformation to changes that affected American society and business alike, including the rise of professional specialization and the communications revolution that new technologies made possible. Laird finds a fundamental shift in the kinds of people who created advertisements and their relationships to the firms that advertised. Advertising evolved from the work of informing customers (telling people what manufacturers had to sell) to creating consumers (persuading people that they needed to buy). Through this story, Laird shows how and why-in the intense competitions for both markets and cultural authority-the creators of advertisements laid claim to "progress" and used it to legitimate their places in American business and culture
    Note: English
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  • 28
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    Public Markets and Civic Culture in Nineteenth-Century America (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437446
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: Originally published in 2003. In Public Markets and Civic Culture in Nineteenth-Century America Helen Tangires examines the role of the public marketplace-social and architectural-as a key site in the development of civic culture in America. More than simply places for buying and selling food, Tangires explains, municipally owned and operated markets were the common ground where citizens and government struggled to define the shared values of the community. Public markets were vital to civic policy and reflected the profound belief in the moral economy-the effort on the part of the municipality to maintain the social and political health of its community by regulating the ethics of trade in the urban marketplace for food. Tangires begins with the social, architectural, and regulatory components of the public market in the early republic, when cities embraced this ancient system of urban food distribution. By midcentury, the legalization of butcher shops in New York City and the incorporation of market house companies in Pennsylvania challenged the system and hastened the deregulation of this public service. Some cities demolished their marketing facilities or loosened restrictions on the food trades in an effort to deal with the privatization movement. However, several decades of experience with dispersed retailers, suburban slaughterhouses, and food transported by railroad proved disastrous to the public welfare, prompting cities and federal agencies to reclaim this urban civic space
    Note: English
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  • 29
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    Making Furniture in Preindustrial America : The Social Economy of Newtown and Woodbury, Connecticut (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421436074
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: Cooke offers a fresh and appealing cross-disciplinary study of the furnituremakers, social structure, household possessions, and surviving pieces of furniture of two neighboring New England communities.Winner of the Decorative Arts Society, Inc.'s Charles F. Montgomery PrizeOriginally published in 1996. In Making Furniture in Preindustrial America Edward S. Cooke Jr. offers a fresh and appealing cross-disciplinary study of the furnituremakers, social structure, household possessions, and surviving pieces of furniture of two neighboring New England communities. Drawing on both documentary and artifactual sources, Cooke explores the interplay among producer, process, and style in demonstrating why and how the social economies of these two seemingly similar towns differed significantly during the late colonial and early national periods. Throughout the latter half of the eighteenth century, Cooke explains, the yeoman town of Newtown relied on native joiners whose work satisfied the expectations of their fellow townspeople. These traditionalists combined craftwork with farming and made relatively plain, conservative furniture. By contrast, the typical joiner in the neighboring gentry town of Woodbury was the immigrant innovator. Born and raised elsewhere in Connecticut and serving a diverse clientele, these craftsmen were free of the cultural constraints that affected their Newtown contemporaries. Relying almost entirely on furnituremaking for their livelihood, they were free to pay greater attention to stylistically sensitive features than to mere function
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  • 30
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    Lincoln's Speeches Reconsidered (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437477
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (386 p.)
    Keywords: Speeches
    Abstract: Originally published in 2005. Throughout the fractious years of the mid-nineteenth century, Abraham Lincoln's speeches imparted reason and guidance to a troubled nation. Lincoln's words were never universally praised. But they resonated with fellow legislators and the public, especially when he spoke on such volatile subjects as mob rule, temperance, the Mexican War, slavery and its expansion, and the justice of a war for freedom and union.In this close examination, John Channing Briggs reveals how the process of studying, writing, and delivering speeches helped Lincoln develop the ideas with which he would so profoundly change history. Briggs follows Lincoln's thought process through a careful chronological reading of his oratory, ranging from Lincoln's 1838 speech to the Springfield Lyceum to his second inaugural address.Recalling David Herbert Donald's celebrated revisionist essays (Lincoln Reconsidered, 1947), Briggs's study provides students of Lincoln with new insight into his words, intentions, and image
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  • 31
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    Adultery in the Novel : Contract and Transgression (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421434438
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (396 p.)
    Keywords: Ethical issues: pornography & obscenity
    Abstract: Originally published in 1979. Adultery is a dominant feature in chivalric literature; it becomes a major concern in Shakespeare's last plays; and it forms the central plot of novels from Anna Karenina to Couples. Tony Tanner proposes that transgressions of the marriage contract take on a special significance in the "bourgeois novels" of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. His interpretation begins with the general topic of adultery in literature and then zeroes in on three works-Rousseau's La Nouvelle Héloïse, Goethe's Die Wahlverwandtschaften, and Flaubert's Madame Bovary. His interpretation encompasses the role of women, the structure of the family, social mores, and the history of sexuality
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  • 32
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    Genetic Glass Ceilings : Transgenics for Crop Biodiversity (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421427768
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (488 p.)
    Keywords: Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: As the world's population rises to an expected ten billion in the next few generations, the challenges of feeding humanity and maintaining an ecological balance will dramatically increase. Today we rely on just four crops for 80 percent of all consumed calories: wheat, rice, corn, and soybeans. Indeed, reliance on these four crops may also mean we are one global plant disease outbreak away from major famine. In this revolutionary and controversial book, Jonathan Gressel argues that alternative plant crops lack the genetic diversity necessary for wider domestication and that even the Big Four have reached a "genetic glass ceiling": no matter how much they are bred, there is simply not enough genetic diversity available to significantly improve their agricultural value. Gressel points the way through the glass ceiling by advocating transgenics-a technique where genes from one species are transferred to another. He maintains that with simple safeguards the technique is a safe solution to the genetic glass ceiling conundrum. Analyzing alternative crops-including palm oil, papaya, buckwheat, tef, and sorghum-Gressel demonstrates how gene manipulation could enhance their potential for widespread domestication and reduce our dependency on the Big Four. He also describes a number of ecological benefits that could be derived with the aid of transgenics. A compelling synthesis of ideas from agronomy, medicine, breeding, physiology, population genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology, Genetic Glass Ceilings presents transgenics as an inevitable and desperately necessary approach to securing and diversifying the world's food supply
    Note: English
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  • 33
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    Figural Realism : Studies in the Mimesis Effect (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437323
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: History of Western philosophy
    Abstract: Originally published in 1998. In his earlier books such as Tropics of Discourse and The Content of the Form, Hayden White focused on the conventions of historical writing and on the ordering of historical consciousness. In Figural Realism, White collects eight interrelated essays primarily concerned with the treatment of history in recent literary critical discourse. "'History' is not only an object we can study," writes White, "it is also and even primarily a certain kind of relationship to 'the past' mediated by a distinctive kind of written discourse. It is because historical discourse is actualized in its culturally significant form as a specific kind of writing that we may consider the relevance of literary theory to both the theory and the practice of historiography."
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  • 34
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    Martini, Straight Up : The Classic American Cocktail (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437699
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Alcoholic beverages
    Abstract: Originally published in 1998. From its contested origins in nineteenth-century California; through its popularity among the smart set of the 1930s, world leaders of the 1940s, and the men in the gray flannel suits of the 1950s; to its resurgence among today's retro-hipsters: Lowell Edmunds traces the history and cultural significance of the cocktail H. L. Mencken called "the only American invention as perfect as a sonnet."
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  • 35
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    Bennington and the Green Mountain Boys : The Emergence of Liberal Democracy in Vermont, 1760-1850 (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421436784
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (434 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: In this lively study, Robert E. Shalhope supplies a fascinating microcosmic view of the rise and triumph of liberal individualism in America and explores its impact on political culture.Selected by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic TitleOriginally published in 1996. Americans who lived between the Revolution and Civil War felt the brunt of resounding and sometimes frightening changes, which together eventually influenced the political culture of early America. In this lively study, Robert E. Shalhope examines one of the changes most difficult to gauge and most controversial among students of the period-the rise and triumph of liberal individualism in America-and explores its impact on political culture.Taking Bennington, Vermont, and its environs as a case study, Shalhope untangles the clash among three competing elements in the community-the egalitarian communalism of the Strict Congregationalists; the democratic individualism of the revolutionary Green Mountain Boys; and the hierarchical authority of the community's Federalist gentlemen of property and standing. None of these players anticipated (and indeed did not wish for) the result-the emergence of democratic liberalism. Shalhope writes of class tension, economic competition, and religious differences-and ultimately of cultural conflict and political partisanship-and yet throughout uses individual life experiences to give the narrative piquancy and to emphasize the significance of seemingly small, personal decisions. Shalhope thus demonstrates how the private lives of ordinary people played a role in the settlement of public issues.As an account of a single town and how its residents responded to change, Bennington and the Green Mountain Boys supplies a fascinating microcosmic view of the larger story of how liberal America came to be
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  • 36
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    Achieving Health for All : Primary Health Care in Action (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421441115
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (368 p.)
    Keywords: Medicolegal issues
    Abstract: How did seven low- and middle-income countries, inspired by the landmark Alma-Ata Declaration, dramatically improve citizen health by focusing on primary health care?The Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978 marked a potential turning point in global health, signaling a commitment to primary health care that could have improved the safety of air, food, water, roads, homes, and workplaces in all 180 countries that signed it. Unfortunately, progress in many countries stalled in the 1980s. The declaration was, however, embraced by a number of countries, where its implementation led to substantial improvement in citizen health. Achieving Health for All reveals how, inspired by Alma-Ata, the governments of seven countries executed comprehensive primary health care systems, deploying new cadres of community-based health workers to bring relevant services to ordinary households. Drawing on a set of narrative case studies from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Ethiopia, Nepal, Ghana, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam,the book explains how a primary health care focus succeeded in improving population health. The book also conclusively demonstrates that comprehensive, multisector, community-controlled, and population-level primary health care is a viable strategy that, against the odds, has led to sustainable, scalable good health at lower cost. Bringing together a group of experts to analyze the forty-year legacy of the Alma-Ata Declaration, Achieving Health for All is a fascinating look at the work needed to transform nations from places that make people sick to places where they stay healthy. An inspiring array of lessons learned along the way shows how readers can make policies that support the health of all people.Contributors: Onaopemipo Abiodun, Vinya Ariyaratne, John Koku Awoonor-Williams, Kedar Prasad Baral, Ayaga A. Bawah, Pedro Más Bermejo, Fred N. Binka, David Bishai, Carolina Cardona, Dennis Carlson, Chala Tesfaye Chekagn, Hoang Khanh Chi, Svea Closser, Luc Barrière Constantin, Zufan Abera Damtew, Marlou de Rouw, Nadia Diamond-Smith, Philip Forth, Mignote Solomon Haile, Nguyen Thanh Huong, Taufique Joarder, Alice Kuan, Seblewengel Lemma, Sasmira Matta, Ahmed Moen, Rituu B. Nanda, Frank K. Nyonator, Ferdous Arfina Osman, Claudia Pereira, Henry B. Perry, James F. Phillips, Meike Schleiff, Melissa Sherry, Rita Thapa, Kebede Worku
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    The Cryptographic Imagination : Secret Writing from Edgar Poe to the Internet (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437170
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Literary theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1996. In The Cryptographic Imagination, Shawn Rosenheim uses the writings of Edgar Allan Poe to pose a set of questions pertaining to literary genre, cultural modernity, and technology. Rosenheim argues that Poe's cryptographic writing-his essays on cryptography and the short stories that grew out of them-requires that we rethink the relation of poststructural criticism to Poe's texts and, more generally, reconsider the relation of literature to communication. Cryptography serves not only as a template for the language, character, and themes of much of Poe's late fiction (including his creation, the detective story) but also as a "secret history" of literary modernity itself. "Both postwar fiction and literary criticism," the author writes, "are deeply indebted to the rise of cryptography in World War II." Still more surprising, in Rosenheim's view, Poe is not merely a source for such literary instances of cryptography as the codes in Conan Doyle's "The Dancing-Men" or in Jules Verne, but, through his effect on real cryptographers, Poe's writing influenced the outcome of World War II and the development of the Cold War. However unlikely such ideas sound, The Cryptographic Imagination offers compelling evidence that Poe's cryptographic writing clarifies one important avenue by which the twentieth century called itself into being. "The strength of Rosenheim's work extends to a revisionistic understanding of the entirety of literary history (as a repression of cryptography) and then, in a breathtaking shift of register, interlinks Poe's exercises in cryptography with the hyperreality of the CIA, the Cold War, and the Internet. What enables this extensive range of applications is the stipulated tension Rosenheim discerns in the relationship between the forms of the literary imagination and the condition of its mode of production. Cryptography, in this account, names the technology of literary production-the diacritical relationship between decoding and encoding-that the literary imagination dissimulates as hieroglyphics-the hermeneutic relationship between a sign and its content."-Donald E. Pease, Dartmouth College
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    The Mind of a Poet : A Study of Wordsworth's Thought with Particular Reference to "The Prelude" (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434346
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1941. This book stresses the transcendental, rather than purely aesthetic, qualities of William Wordsworth's work. It argues that the unusual aspects of Wordsworth's mind are not isolated and did not seem to him fanciful or merely personal; they were, for him, so many paths, difficult to find and harder to follow, yet leading to the great central truth that is the goal of all humankind's loftier strivings
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    Phenomenology and Existentialism (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434391
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Phenomenology & Existentialism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. Focusing on key philosophers and the tenants of their thought, Phenomenology and Existentialism forms a wide-ranging introduction to two important movements in modern philosophy. Included are essays by Roderick M. Chisholm on Brentano, Aron Gurwitsch on Husserl, E.F. Kaelin on Heidegger, J. Glenn Gray on Heidegger, George L. Kline on Hegel and Marx, James M. Edie on Sartre, Frederick A. Olafson on Merleau-Ponty,Herbert Spiegelberg on Phenomenology and psychology, and Albert William Levi on the alienation of man
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  • 40
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    Alfred North Whitehead : The Man and His Work: 1910-1947 (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421434223
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (418 p.)
    Keywords: Biography: general
    Abstract: Originally published in 1990. The second volume of Victor Lowe's definitive work on Alfred North Whitehead completes the biography of one of the twentieth century's most influential yet least understood philosophers. In 1910 Whitehead abruptly ended his thirty-year association with Trinity College of Cambridge and moved to London. The intellectual and personal restlessness that precipitated this move ultimately led Whitehead-at the age of sixty-three-to settle in America and change the focus of his work from mathematics to philosophy. Volume 2 of Alfred North Whitehead: The Man and His Work follows Whitehead's journey to the United States and analyzes his expanding intellectual life. Although Whitehead wrote philosophy based on natural science while still in London, he began his most important work shortly after moving to Harvard in 1924. Science and the Modern World appeared in 1925, Religion in the Making in 1926, Symbolism in 1927, and Process and Reality in 1929. Discussing these and other important works, Lowe combines scholarly analysis with valuable insights gathered from Whitehead's friends and colleagues. Although Whitehead ordered that all his private papers be destroyed, Lowe was given access to letters the philosopher wrote to his son, North, and others. Never before published, the letters add a new personal dimension to Whitehead's life and thought. Photographs of the philosopher, his family, and associates provide an intimate look at a private and self-effacing man whose work has had a lasting impact on twentieth-century thought
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    Youth, University, and Democracy (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421436845
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Keywords: Primary & middle schools
    Abstract: Originally published in 1970. Youth, University, and Democracy examines whether Weber's approach has a greater humanizing value than has been conceded by his opponents and will attempt to demonstrate the humanistic mission of the University and its usefulness for youth and democracy
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  • 42
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    Ships for the Seven Seas : Philadelphia Shipbuilding in the Age of Industrial Capitalism (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421436876
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: Thomas R. Heinrich explores American shipbuilding from the workshop level to subcontracting networks spanning the Delaware Valley.Winner of the North American Society for Oceanic History's John Lyman Book AwardOriginally published in 1996. Sustained by a skilled work force and the Pennsylvania iron and steel industry, Philadelphia shipbuilders negotiated the transition from wooden to iron hull construction earlier and far more easily that most other builders. Between the Civil War and World War I, Philadelphia emerged as the vital center of American shipbuilding, constructing a wide variety of vessel types such as passenger liners, freighters, battleships, and cruisers.In Ships for the Seven Seas, Thomas R. Heinrich explores this complex industry from the workshop level to subcontracting networks spanning the Delaware Valley. He describes entrepreneurial strategies and industrial change that facilitated the rise of major shipbuilding firms; how naval architecture, marine engineering, and craft skills evolved as iron and steel overtook wood as the basic construction material; and how changes in domestic and international trade and the rise of the American steel navy helped generate vessel contracts for local builders. Heinrich also examines the formation of the military-industrial complex in the context of naval contracting.Contributing to current debates in business history, Ships for the Seven Seas explains how proprietary ownership and batch production strategies enabled late nineteenth-century builders to supply volatile markets with custom-built steamships. But large-scale naval construction in the 1920s eroded production flexibility, Heinrich argues, and since then, ill-conceived merchant marine policies and naval contracting procedures have brought about a structural crisis in American shipbuilding and the demise of the venerable Philadelphia shipyards
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    Victorian Noon : English Literature in 1850 (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437231
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1979. Carl Dawson looks at the year 1850, which was an extraordinary year in English literary history, to study both the great and forgotten writers, to survey journals and novels, poems and magazines, and to ask questions about dominant influences and ideas. His primary aim is descriptive: How was Wordsworth's Prelude received by his contemporaries on its publication in 1850? How did reviewers respond to new tendencies in poetry and fiction/ Who were the prominent literary models? But Dawson's descriptions also lead to broader, theoretical questions about such issues as the status of the imagination in an age obsessed by mechanical invention, about the public role of the writer, the appeal to nature, and the use of myth and memory. To express the Victorians' estimation of poetry, for example, Dawson presents the contrasting views help by two eminent Victorians, Macaulay and Carlyle. In Macaulay's opinion, the advance of civilization led to the decline of poetry; Carlyle, on the other hand, saw the poet as a spiritual liberator in a world of materialists. The fusion of the poet's personal and public roles is witnessed in a discussion of the two mid-Victorian Poet Laureates, Wordsworth and his successor, Tennyson. In analyzing the relationship between the two writers' works, Dawson also highlights the extent of the Victorians' admiration for Dante. To give a wider perspective of the status of literature during this time, Dawson examines reviews, prefaces, and other remarks. Critics, he shows, made a clear distinction between poetry and fiction. Thus, in 1850, a comparison between, say, Wordsworth and Dickens would not have been made. Dawson, however, does compare the two, by focusing on their uses of autobiography. Dickens surfaces again, in a discussion of Victorian periodical publishing. Here, Dawson compares the Pre-Raphaelites' short-lived journal The Germ with Dickens' enormously popular Household Words and a radical paper, The Red Republican, which printed the first English version of "The Communist Manifesto" in 1850. In bringing together materials that have often been seen as disparate and unrelated and by suggesting new literary and ideological relationships, Carl Dawson has written a book to inform almost any reader, whether scholar of Victorian literature or lover of Dicken's novels
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    Melodies Unheard : Essays on the Mysteries of Poetry (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437385
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: poetry & poets
    Abstract: Originally published in 2003. The fruit of a lifetime's reading and thinking about literature, its delights and its responsibilities, this book by acclaimed poet and critic Anthony Hecht explores the mysteries of poetry, offering profound insight into poetic form, meter, rhyme, and meaning. Ranging from Renaissance to contemporary poets, Hecht considers the work of Shakespeare, Sidney, and Noel; Housman, Hopkins, Eliot, and Auden; Frost, Bishop, and Wilbur; Amichai, Simic, and Heaney. Stepping back from individual poets, Hecht muses on rhyme and on meter, and also discusses St. Paul's Epistle to the Galatians and Melville's Moby-Dick. Uniting these diverse subjects is Hecht's preoccupation with the careful deployment of words, the richness and versatility of language and of those who use it well.Elegantly written, deeply informed, and intellectually playful, Melodies Unheard confirms Anthony Hecht's reputation as one of our most original and imaginative thinkers on the literary arts
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    Money and Banking in Medieval and Renaissance Venice : Volume I: Coins and Moneys of Account (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421436104
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (708 p.)
    Keywords: Monetary economics
    Abstract: Originally published in 1985. Frederic C. Lane and Reinhold C. Mueller, in the first volume of Money and Banking in Medieval and Renaissance Venice, discuss Venice's economic achievement in terms of the complex system the city's inhabitants developed to manage moneys of account and coins. Money merchants of Venice developed a system whereby a premium attached to moneys of account acted as a stabilizing force and allowed merchants to engage in long-term trade. This system, according to the authors, helped establish Venice as a dominant city-state in international trade and exchange. This book outlines the development and success of this system through 1508. At the time it was first published, this book made a significant contribution to the history of money and economics by underscoring the large role that Venice played in the economic history of the West and the ascendance of capitalism as a structuring force of society
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    Reflections on Human Nature (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421432458
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Keywords: Social & cultural history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1961. Arthur O. Lovejoy, beginning with his book The Great Chain of Being, helped usher in the discipline of the History of Ideas in America. In Reflections on Human Nature, Lovejoy devotes particular attention to influential figures such as Hobbes, Locke, Bishop Butler, and Mandeville, tracing developments and changes in the concept of human nature through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He also discusses the theory of human nature held by the founders of the American Constitution, giving special attention to James Madison and the "Federalist Papers."
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    Entrepreneurial Vernacular : Developers' Subdivisions in the 1920s (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421433301
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Landscape art & architecture
    Abstract: During the 1920s, enterprising realtors, housing professionals, and builders developed the models that became the inspiration for the subdivision tract housing now commonplace in the U.S.Originally published in 2001. Suburban subdivisions of individual family homes are so familiar a part of the American landscape that it is hard to imagine a time when they were not common in the U. S. The shift to large-scale speculative subdivisions is usually attributed to the period after World War II. In Entrepreneurial Vernacular: Developers' Subdivisions in the 1920s, Carolyn S. Loeb shows that the precedents for this change in single-family home design were the result of concerted efforts by entrepreneurial realtors and other housing professionals during the 1920s. In her discussion of the historical and structural forces that propelled this change, Loeb focuses on three typical speculative subdivisions of the 1920s and on the realtors, architects, and building-craftsmen who designed and constructed them. These examples highlight the "shared set of planning and design concerns" that animated realtors (whom Loeb sees as having played the "key role" in this process) and the network of housing experts with whom they associated. Decentralized and loosely coordinated, this network promoted home ownership through flexible strategies of design, planning, financing, and construction which the author describes as a new and "entrepreneurial" vernacular
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    Oedipus : The Ancient Legend and Its Later Analogues (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421437200
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: classical, early & medieval
    Abstract: Drawing on more than seventy works that dispersed the Oedipus legend from Greece to Asia, Africa, and the Americas, Edmunds provides a foundation for discussion of the lasting appeal of this legend, for claims of its universality, and for its uses as a vehicle for personal and cultural expression.The power of the Oedipus legend is apparent not only in its interpretations but even more so in its variations. As Edmunds writes, "Translations, adaptations, and performances still come forth in a never-ending stream. Again and again, playwrights have tried their hand at new shapings of the Sophoclean Oedipuses and often a country's Oedipus forms a whole chapter in the history of its literature." Drawing on more than seventy works that dispersed the Oedipus legend from Greece to Asia, Africa, and the Americas, Edmunds provides a foundation for discussion of the lasting appeal of this legend, for claims of its universality, and for its uses as a vehicle for personal and cultural expression
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    Wallace Stevens : The Making of the Poem (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434872
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: poetry & poets
    Abstract: Originally published in 1980. Wallace Stevens: The Making of the Poem emphasizes the ideas that Wallace Stevens embeds in his poetry, providing the first study to provide an intellectual biography of Stevens. It examines Stevens' naturalism, his ideas of the self, and the imagination, among other topics. The concepts that emerge from long reading of the poetry of Stevens are slight and basic, but these concepts do accord, even if they never emerge into a coherent philosophy. The accordance is probably a result of Stevens' preference for naturalistic thought
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  • 50
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    Supplying the Nuclear Arsenal : American Production Reactors, 1942-1992 (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421435923
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Keywords: General & world history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1996. Although the history of commercial-power nuclear reactors is well known, the story of the government reactors that produce weapons-grade plutonium and tritium has been shrouded in secrecy. Supplying the Nuclear Arsenal looks at the origin and development of these production reactors, Rodney Carlisle and Joan Zenzen describe a fifty-year government effort no less complex, expensive, and technologically demanding than the Polaris or Apollo programs-yet one about which most Americans know virtually nothing. Carlisle and Zenzen describe the evolution of the early reactors, the atomic weapons establishment that surrounded them, and the sometimes bitter struggles between business and political constituencies for their share of "nuclear pork." They show how, since the 1980s, aging production reactors have increased the risk of radioactive contamination of the atmosphere and water table. And they describe how the Department of Energy mounted a massive effort to find the right design for a new generation of reactors, only to abandon that effort with the end of the Cold War. Today, all American production reactors remain closed.Due to short half-life, the nation's supply of tritium, crucial to modern weapons, is rapidly dwindling. As countries like Iraq and North Korea threaten to join the nuclear club, the authors contend, the United States needs to revitalize tritium production capacity in order to maintain a viable nuclear deterrent. Meanwhile, as slowly decaying artifacts of the Cold War, the closed production reactors at Hanford, Washington, and Savannah River, South Carolina, loom ominously over the landscape
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    Downsizing Democracy : How America Sidelined Its Citizens and Privatized Its Public (2020)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430683
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (310 p.)
    Keywords: Constitution: government & the state
    Abstract: Originally publushed in 2002. In Downsizing Democracy, Matthew A. Crenson and Benjamin Ginsberg describe how the once powerful idea of a collective citizenry has given way to a concept of personal, autonomous democracy. Today, political change is effected through litigation, lobbying, and term limits, rather than active participation in the political process, resulting in narrow special interest groups dominating state and federal decision-making. At a time when an American's investment in the democratic process has largely been reduced to an annual contribution to a political party or organization, Downsizing Democracy offers a critical reassessment of American democracy
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    Sylvia Plath : New Views on the Poetry (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421435329
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1979. Sylvia Plath is one of the most controversial poets of our time. For some readers, she is the symbol of women oppressed. For others, she is the triumphant victim of her own intensity-the poet pursuing sensation to the ultimate uncertainty, death. For still others, she is a doomed innocent whose sensibilities were too acute for the coarseness of our world. The new essays of this edited collection (with a single exception, all were written for this book) broaden the perspective of Plath criticism by going beyond the images of Plath as a cult figure to discuss Plath the poet. The contributors-among them Calvin Bedient, Hugh Kenner, J. D. O'Hara, and Marjorie Perloff-draw on material that most previous commentators lacked: a substantial body of Plath's poetry and prose, a moderately detailed biographical record, and an important selection of the poet's correspondence. The result is an important and provocative volume, one in which major critics offer an abundance of insights into the poet's mind and creative process. It offers insightful and original readings of many poems-some, like "Berck-Plage," scarcely mentioned in previous criticism-and fosters new understandings of such matters as Plath's comedy, the development of her poetic voice, and her relation to poetic traditions. The serious reader, whatever his or her initial opinion of Sylvia Plath, is sure to find that opinion challenged, changed, or deepened. These essays offer insights into a violently interesting poet, one who despite, or perhaps because of, her suicide at age thirty continues to fascinate and trouble us
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    Nobles in Nineteenth-Century France : The Practice of Inegalitarianism (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421432083
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: Political science & theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1987. David Higgs's Nobles in Nineteenth-Century France: The Practice of Inegalitarianism provides a history of the nobility against the backdrop of changing French political conditions following the French Revolution. Since Jean Juarès, the influential historian of the French Revolution, many writers have argued that the French Revolution marked the political triumph of a capitalist bourgeoisie over a landed aristocracy. However, beginning with Alfred Cobban, some historians began to question this account by focusing on the continued presence of the nobility in France. This book contributes to this body of work by giving a panorama of the French nobility and three detailed case studies of noble families; the author then concludes with an examination of the nobility in political life, the church, and the private sphere. Professor Higgs finds that French nobles changed with their century, but given their small numbers in the national population, they maintained a grossly disproportionate presence in politics, in culture, among the wealthiest landowners, and in economic life
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    Poetic Presence and Illusion : Essays in Critical History and Theory (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421430249
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (354 p.)
    Keywords: Literary theory
    Abstract: Orignally published in 1979. Poetic Presence and Illusion brings together Krieger's speculation on literature and its effect on the reader. The poem, Krieger argues, is an illusionary presence and an ever-present illusion. It exists for the reader, like a drama before an audience, only within an illusionary context. But the illusion should not be taken lightly as a false substitute for reality. It is itself a real and positive force: it is what we see and, as such, is constitutive of our reality, even if our critical faculty de-constitutes that reality by viewing it as no more than an illusion. The coupling of poetic presence and poetic illusion serves to describe the relationship between poetry as metaphor and the reader's sense of personal and poetic reality. Krieger examines the workings of selected Renaissance and contemporary poems with regard to this dual nature and evaluates the work of literary critics (himself included) who have been concerned with this doubleness. Poetic Presence and Illusion allows readers who have read Krieger's earlier work to understand the development of his critical position
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    Southern Politics and the Second Reconstruction (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421435206
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: Originally published in 1975. This is a history of southern political life since the New Deal and World War II, encompassing a crucial epoch: an attempted Second Reconstruction of the South. The authors focus on the electoral response to candidates and issues. The authors contend that, despite the nationalizing and homogenizing forces that eroded much of the South's distinctiveness during the postwar years, the region's historical legacy perpetuated its distinctive patterns of cultural and political life. Further, the authors contend that despite the virtual destruction of the South's four inherited institutions of political sectionalism during the years of the Second Reconstruction-disenfranchisement, malapportionment, a one-party system, and de jure racial segregation-the new southern politics maintained a deep racial division that has militated against class coalitions, especially across racial lines, and has permitted government by relatively insulated elites
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    "No Standing Armies!" : The Antiarmy Ideology in Seventeenth-Century England (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421432212
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Defence strategy, planning & research
    Abstract: Originally published in 1974. In her study of primary materials in England and the United States, Schwoerer traces the origin, development, and articulation in both Parliament and in the popular press of the attitude opposing standing armies in seventeenth-century England and the American colonies. Central to the criticism of armies at that time was the conviction that ultimate military power should be vested in Parliament, not the Crown. Schwoerer shows how the many diverse elements of England's antimilitarism, including political principle, propaganda, parliamentary tactics, parochialism, and partisanship, hardened with every confrontation between the Crown or Protector and Parliament. The author finds a general predisposition to distrust professional soldiers early in the century, and from the 1620s onward she notes opposition to a standing army in times of peace. Highlighting the growth of the antimilitary tradition, Schwoerer traces the development of this attitude from the Petition of Right in 1628 to the 1641-1642 crisis over the Militia Bill/Ordinance, the military settlements of 1660 and 1689, and the climactic events of 1667-1699. Schwoerer shows how the anti-standing-army ideology affected the constitutional thinking of the American colonists and manifested itself in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. She addresses timeless questions of how to provide for a nation's defense while preserving individual liberty, citizen responsibility for military service, and the relationship of executive and legislative authority over the army
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    The Berlin Crisis of 1961 : Soviet-American Relations and the Struggle for Power in the Kremlin, June-November, 1961 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421432267
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (530 p.)
    Keywords: Politics & government
    Abstract: Originally published in 1973. This book uses the Berlin Crisis of 1961 as a starting point to investigate Soviet-American relations in the Kruschev period. The book first chronicles the timeline of the succession of events during the Berlin Crisis and their interrelation. It then turns to the close interaction between Soviet and foreign policy before situating the event into the broader timeline of Soviet history
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    Poverty and Charity in Aix-en-Provence, 1640-1789 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421432007
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Keywords: Charities, voluntary services & philanthropy
    Abstract: Originally published in 1976. This book is a study of the charitable institutions of one French town, Aix-en-Provence. It begins with their foundation during the Counter-Reformation and ends with their dissolution during the Revolution. It details the impulses behind their foundation and describes how they were financed and administered. It also explores the lives of the people they helped. The study is based primarily on surviving records of the charities. These are the same sort of records that charitable institutions today accumulate: entrance registers, minutes of board meetings, account books, and fund-raising pamphlets. Records of the local and central government and court records were also consulted. One purpose of this study is to bring readers closer to the reality of the problem of poverty in Old Regime France. Another purpose is to historicize contemporary perceptions of poverty in the minds of French historical actors.Chapter 1 outlines the social and economic makeup of Aix-en-Provence. Chapter 2 deals with the attitudes and assumptions behind the foundation of the charities. Chapter 3 describes how the institutions were administered and financed, and the many important roles they played in the community at large. Chapter 4 describes the types of assistance available to the poor and the types of people who received it. Chapter 5 discusses the most important alternatives to charity for the needy-beggary and crime. After 1760, the traditional charities entered a period of decline. Both the economic and social realities of poverty, and popular perceptions of those realities, changed drastically after 1760. Flooded by increasing numbers of the poor, paralyzed financially because of declining donations and general mismanagement, repudiated by public opinion, and subject to increasing control by the state, the charities were ineffective and indeed almost moribund after 1760. Chapters 6 and 7 detail these developments
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    The Individual and Society in the Middle Ages (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421433998
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: European history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1966. The Individual and Society in the Middle Ages, based on three guest lectures given at Johns Hopkins University in 1965, explores the place of the individual in medieval European society. Looking at legal sources and political ideology of the era, Ullmann concludes that, for most of the Middle Ages, the individual was defined as a subject rather than a citizen, but the modern concept of citizenship gradually supplanted the subject model from the late Middle Ages onward. Ullmann lays out the theological basis of the political theory that cast the medieval individual as an inferior, abstract subject. The individual citizen who emerged during the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance, by contrast, was an autonomous participant in affairs of state. Several intellectual trends made this humanistic conception of the individual possible, among them the rehabilitation of vernacular writing during the thirteenth century and the growing interest in nature, natural philosophy, and natural law. However, Ullmann points to feudalism as the single most important medieval institution that laid the groundwork for the emergence of the modern citizen
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    Whole Lives : Shapers of Modern Biography (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434087
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Literary theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1989. In this companion volume to the acclaimed Pure Lives, Reed Whittemore probes the often-complex motives behind the relationships of modern biographers to their subjects. Whittemore's description of biography's uneven path toward comprehensive character study begins with Thomas Carlyle, whose biography of Frederick the Great broke with tradition by tracing the roots of its subject's character to childhood trauma. (A strict disciplinarian, Frederick's father once considered having his rebellious teenage son executed.) Whittemore examines the work of Leslie Stephen, the Dictionary of National Biography's first editor, who admired Carlyle but disliked his style-and was convinced that Carlyle disliked him. And in a chapter on Sigmund Freud, Whittemore traces the revolution in writing biography that began with Freud's speculations on the nature and origin of Leonardo da Vinci's homosexuality. Few have escaped Freud's influence. While Leon Edel argues that biographers should not psychoanalyze their subjects, his biography of Henry James does precisely that. Richard Ellman tempers his impulse for Freudian probing of Joyce, Yeats, and Oscar Wilde with the explication of their often difficult works. Kenneth Lynn's recent biography of Hemingway takes the opposite approach. "The Hemingway industry," Whittemore explains, "is like Marilyn Monroe's in having much of the sensational in it, including suicide, so that the problems of having to deal with Hemingway as a writer, good or bad, can always be put on the back burner for a few chapters while Hemingway the braggart and liar performs." Thomas Parton and Benjamin Franklin, Virginia Woolf and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Erik Erikson and Martin Luther, biographers and their subjects continue to engage our attention. Whole Lives offers an informative-and refreshingly informal-look at one of the most enduringly popular genres
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    Learned Hand's Court (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421432137
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (390 p.)
    Keywords: Biography: general
    Abstract: Originally published in 1970. This is a study of one of the most highly respected tribunals in the history of the English-speaking world-the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Situated in Manhattan, the Second Circuit Court, serving New York, Connecticut, and Vermont, is the most important commercial court in the country. But, like other inferior courts, it has never been studied in depth. Marvin Schick provides a comprehensive analysis. From 1941 to 1951, Learned Hand presided over the Second Circuit as chief judge, and the court bore his stamp. But on its bench sat other men of great competence, judges Thomas W. Swan, August N. Hand, and Harrie B. Chase, as well as Charles E. Clark and Jerome N. Frank, whose constant disagreement characterized much of the court's work. Schick studies the Second Circuit Court from several angles: historical, biographical, behavioral, and case analytical. He tells a history of the court from its origins in 1789. He provides biographical sketches of the six judges who sat during Learned Hand's tenure as chief judge. He analyzes the many decisions handed down by the court, including the precedent setters. He examines the court's decision-making process, especially its unique procedures such as the memorandum system, which requires from the judges "preliminary opinions" in the cases they hear. A novel feature of this book is the correlation of votes of the Second Circuit judges with subsequent decisions of the Supreme Court.Schick was aided in his study by having access to the private papers of Judge Clark. These thousands of memoranda and letters throw much light on the workings of the Second Circuit Court and reveal the bargaining that went on among the judges in difficult cases. The Clark papers make possible a clearer understanding of the incessant conflict between Clark and Frank and show how this unusual relationship gave vitality to the Second Circuit
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    The Novel-Machine : The Theory and Fiction of Anthony Trollope (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434025
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1980. The first section of The Novel-Machine consists of five short chapters that rewrite Autobiography as an undisguised theory of realistic fiction, exploring its paradoxes while placing it in the context of mid-Victorian criticism. Chapters 6 and 7 survey the manifestations in Trollope's novels of what his theory sets down as the primary difference of realism: its way of telling its readers how to read. Chapter 8 is a close reading of He Knew He Was Right, a neglected novel that, in Kendrick's estimation, deserves to stand in much higher critical esteem than it does. Kendrick shows how deeply woven into the texture of Trollope's writing the rhetoric of realism is. Kendrick's reading is a departure from the usual method of criticizing Trollope-surveying the whole of his work a novel at a time, saying a little about every novel and always too little about each
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    Rousseau's Venetian Story : An Essay upon Art and Truth in Les Confessions (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434490
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1966. This book is primarily a literary study of Rousseau's account of his diplomatic experiences in Venice, contained in book 7 of the Confessions and written in 1769. The author analyzes Rousseau's methods of achieving an artistic rendering of psychological truth in autobiography, as exemplified in his treatment of the events of 1742-1749. Professor Madeleine Ellis contributes to an understanding of Rousseau as a creative artist and positions him vis-à-vis the classical and romantic movements. Ellis collates the text of the Confessions with contemporary correspondence and other documents to show how discrepancies between the two have artistic implications. These implications lead her to define Rousseau's principles and methods as a man of letters and the interrelations of art and truth in his memoirs. In revealing that Rousseau, the memorialist, gives an artistic rendering of psychological truth, Ellis shows Rousseau's attitude toward truth. She does this by following a path of analysis unexplored by previous critics but indicated by Rousseau himself when he says, "It is the story of my soul that I have promised . . . I record not so much the events of my life as the state of my soul as they happened." Ultimately, the objective of this study is to illustrate the artistic means-literary and rhetorical-employed by Rousseau and their implications for the truth he proposed
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    Mark Twain as Critic (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434582
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (322 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. Mark Twain's literary criticism is a significant branch of his writing that is relatively less explored and appreciated than his other writing. Sydney Krause analyzes the full range of Twain's criticism, much of which has lain neglected in notebooks, letters, marginalia, and autobiographical dictations. This body of work demonstrates that, in addition to being an acute critic given to close reading, Twain thought enough of his criticism to present much of it in an enveloping literary form. In his early criticism Twain used the mask of an ignorant fool (or Muggins), while in his later criticism he used the mask of a world-weary malcontent (or Grumbler). The resulting cross fire from extremes of innocence and experience proved effective against a wide range of literary targets. The Muggins dealt mainly with theater, journalism, oratory, and popular poetry; the grumbler with such writers as Goldsmith, Cooper, Scott, and Hare. Much of this criticism was an outgrowth of Twain's romanticism and therefore has importance for the history of American realism. Mark Twain's criticism was not wholly depreciatory, however. He liked Macaulay, Howells, Howe, Zola, and Wilbrandt, for example, because he found in some of their works the realization of history as an immediate presence. The evidence presented in this book challenges the view that Twain was not a serious student of the craft of writing; he possessed the combination of sensitivity and judgment that all great critics have
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    Beloved Lady : A History of Jane Addams' Ideas on Reform and Peace (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434919
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Keywords: Feminism & feminist theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. Jane Addams was one of the most creative thinkers and activists in the history of American social reform. She pioneered the settlement house movement. She was a leader in the attempt to relate education to the new urban environment for millions of Americans in the early twentieth century. She was a vocal advocate of the Progressive movement and active in the drive for women's rights. She was also an outstanding spokesman for international understanding and world peace. Although Jane Addams is well known as one of the originators of social work in the United States, as an early advocate of a "War on Poverty," and as the proponent of ideas that led to the creation of the modern welfare state, the convictions that motivated her prodigious energy had not, prior to Dr. Farrell's investigation, been carefully examined. He traces the relation between her philanthropic principles and her Progressive politics, her feminism, and her efforts to achieve world peace. He shows how her association with John Dewey and her acceptance of pragmatism changed her thinking and also how her later pacifism alienated her from many progressives of various persuasions. Before his sudden and untimely death at the age of thirty-two, John C. Farrell had just completed this study, based on his examination of virtually every important writing by and about Jane Addams. It is not a full-fledged biography but rather an intellectual history that seeks to explain the origins and relevance of Jane Addams' ideas and activities to the first half of the twentieth century. The manuscript for this book, complete but unrevised, was edited for publication by two of Farrell's colleagues who prefer to remain unidentified. Charles C. Barker, professor of history at Johns Hopkins University, wrote an introduction that places Beloved Lady in the context of scholarly literature on Jane Addams
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    The Origin of Forced Labor in the Soviet State, 1917-1921 : Documents and Materials (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421436623
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Labour economics
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. Many documents essential for understanding the development of Soviet labor policies from 1917 to 1921 have been selected, translated, and presented in this volume. The Origin of Forced Labor in the Soviet State, 1917-1921 begins with the early months of the revolution, when the utopian slogans of workers' control of industry and the promise of trade-union management of industrial production were the controlling factors in shaping Soviet policy on labor. Chapter 2 traces the gradual introduction of measures of labor compulsion, first in relation to those the Bolsheviks classified as the bourgeoisie and afterwards in relation to the working class. Chapters 3 through 5, the core of the study, tell the story of labor militarization-the new formula that, for the Communists, held the key to solving all economic problems in a socialist state. Chapter 3 presents the theories used to justify the militarization of labor and outlines the institutional framework that kept the system in operation. Chapter 4 deals with the application of this system to different segments of the Russian population. Chapter 5 analyzes compulsory labor in transportation, in which the validity of labor militarization as an institution came most sharply into question. The last chapter reviews the general crisis of Russian Communism, the repudiation of some of the most oppressive features of that system, and the efforts to reconcile conflicting views within the Communist Party on the role of labor under socialism
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    The Romantic Sublime : Studies in the Structure and Psychology of Transcendence (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421436166
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1976. In The Romantic Sublime Thomas Weiskel investigates the concept of the sublime in the poetry of English Romantic writers. His work infuses elements of structuralism and psychological thought in his attempt to describe and demystify the sublime experience-or, in his words, to "desublimate the sublime." In doing so, he demonstrates that the sublime is largely mystified, and he contrasts those with faith in the awesomeness of sublimation and those who remain skeptical of the sublime's mystifying power. In working to demystify the sublime, Weiskel emphasizes the task of intelligence by assigning morality and intellect the value of mistrust in sublimation
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    The Fictions of Satire (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430126
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. In this study of the English Augustan satirists, and the Roman and subsequent authors who were their models, Professor Paulson shows how rhetoric relates to imitation, persuasion to presentation, and the imitation of the satirist to the imitation of the satiric object. He illustrates the tendency of the satirist to invade his own fiction and imitate not the prime object of his satire but the satiric persona, which consequently takes on a life of its own. By analyzing the satiric fictions of the precursors of the Augustans, the author reveals the elements they bequeathed to those who rode the high crest of the satiric wave in England, before the art of satire became submerged in the deepening trough of sentimental romanticism.Paulson shows the Tories Dryden, Pope, and Swift and the Whigs Addison and Steele to be the heirs of a long line of satirists ancient and modern, from Horace, Juvenal, Lucian, Apuleius, and Petronius to Rabelais, Cervantes and the English Elizabethan and Civil War poets. Taking Swift as his main example, Paulson examines the dualism of satire in its most interesting and ambiguous modes, and as the embodiment of rhetorical devices that are as complex mimetically as they are rhetorically
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    Gerard Manley Hopkins : The Classical Background and Critical Reception of His Work (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421429946
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1966. In his lifetime, Gerard Manley Hopkins was known as a poet only by a small circle of his friends. More than any other major Victorian writer, he was recovered and presented as a poet to modern readers by editors and scholars of the first half of the twentieth century. This book analyzes how and to what extent the presuppositions of these critics have dictated the modern conception of Hopkins's work. Bender seeks to dispel, once and for all, the notion that Hopkins was a naïf poet. He provides an analysis of classical Greek and Latin rhetoric relative to the classical background of Hopkins's style and the structure in his poetry. He maintains that especially in Hopkins's more extreme work, such as "The Wreck of the Deutschland," there are precedents for the structure of the poem itself, the structure of the sentences within the poem, and its sensual and obscure imagery in the classical literature that Hopkins knew so well.Bender's study suggests two highly controversial positons: first, that although Hopkins is one of the most original voices in English, his poetry is within a tradition insufficiently recognized by modern critics; and second, that the effect of careful and sympathetic study of classical literature can induce quite the opposite of a neoclassical style in English
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    Brecht's Tradition (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421435503
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: plays & playwrights
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. Literary scholars often acknowledge that Brecht borrowed from a variety of traditions, including Goethe, Schiller, expressionists, naturalists, and realists, all of whom affected his work. However, they tend not to address any single tradition as exclusively Brecht's. From these various literary traditions, Brecht borrowed formal elements only; compared with other writers to whom he is indebted, Brecht exceeds them in cynicism. They do not convey anything like his pitiless debunking attitude, his corrosive anti-romanticism, his hardheaded refusal to idealize or glorify, and his suspicion of all sentimentalities. This book discusses what the author identifies as the "Brechtian sensibility." Chroniclers of drama have not totally ignored the Brechtian tradition, but too often they are content to note merely that Brecht shared with some writers-particularly Büchner and Wedekind-a proclivity for open drama and episodes of racy realism tinged with poetic feeling. Other critics have not closely studied the various plays of this tradition in order to show how they constitute a distinctive and well-defined species of theater to which Brecht unmistakably belongs
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    Walther Rathenau and the Weimar Republic : The Politics of Reparations (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421435534
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: War crimes
    Abstract: Originally published in 1971. Walther Rathenau and the Weimar Republic examines reparations in Germany following the First World War. Financial reparation was the most difficult and dangerous of the conditions imposed upon Germany by the Versailles Treaty. The amount of reparations - three times the country's annual income - was beyond Germany's capacity to pay. The United States, by insisting on the payment of Allied war debts, forced the Allies in turn to insist on reparations. Postwar polemics concentrated on German aggression and war crimes, but the real issue was the damage done to the world's economic mechanism. In the end all nations suffered, including the United States
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    Ultraroyalism in Toulouse : From Its Origins to the Revolution of 1830 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421431833
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: European history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1973. Ultraroyalism in Toulouse examines in detail the origins of ultraroyal hostility to the social and political changes rendered by the French Revolution. France has produced a variety of theories of decline, corresponding to the nation's changing political fortunes in Europe and the world. The Revolution represented another, at least temporary, victory of the state apparatus over local community and privilege, and it stimulated the longing, apparent in all parts of the country after the fall of Napoleon, for a return to older forms of society and government that were essentially provincial and rural. The stevedores of Marseille, the fisherman of Brittany, and the peasants of the Auvergne saw plainly enough that the Revolution had not solved the problems of poverty and economic distress. Like the nobles, the ex-parlementarians, and the descendants of local oligarchies, they were hostile to the ascendancy of Paris. On all levels of French society were those who selectively remembered the best of the Old Regime, dwelt on the most obvious failures of the Revolution's religious and welfare policies, and blamed facile utilitarians who did not understand tradition for the destruction of the pre-1789 institutions. This book examines in depth the form that ultraroyalism took in Toulouse
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    The English Landed Estate in the Nineteeth Century : Its Administration (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421433530
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: European history ; England ; Großgrundbesitz ; Verwaltung ; Geschichte 1830-1870
    Abstract: Originally published in 1963. The English Landed Estate in the Nineteeth Century: Its Administration deals principally with the administration of large landed estates during the years from 1830 to 1870. The book also throws new light on the work of the Inclosure Commissioners, who, as a department of the central government, supervised agricultural improvements made by landowners who borrowed from the government and from land companies. Author David Spring argues that the British government intervened in agriculture much more than is commonly thought. In describing the hierarchy of estate management, Spring relies, wherever possible, on hitherto unused family papers and estate documents. Especially important is his material on the Dukes of Bedford and on the domestic economy and financial position of the Russell Family. The chapter titled "The Landowner," based on the seventh Duke of Bedford's correspondence with his agent, is a case study of a single estate and provides insight into the workings of a great landowner's mind. The remaining chapters, dealing with lawyers, land agents, and the Inclosure Commissioners, include other individual portraits. Among these are Christopher Haedy, the Duke of Bedford's chief agent; James Loch, king of estate agents in nineteenth-century England; Henry Morton, the Earl of Durham's land agent; and William Blamire and James Caird, two of the Inclosure Commissioners.
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    The American as Anarchist : Reflections on Indigenous Radicalism (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421429977
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: Originally published in 1978. When compared with socialist and communist systems in other nations, the impact of radicalism on American society seems almost nonexistent. David DeLeon challenges this position, however, by presenting a historical and theoretical perspective for understanding the scope and significance of dissent in America. From Anne Hutchinson in colonial New England to the New Left of the 1960s, DeLeon underscores a tradition of radical protest that has endured in American history-a tradition of native anarchism that is fundamentally different from the radicalism of Europe, the Soviet Union, or nations of the Third World. DeLeon shows that a profound resistance to authority lies at the very heart of the American value system.The first part of the book examines how Protestant belief, capitalism, and even the American landscape itself contributed to the unique character of American dissent. DeLeon then looks at the actions and ideologies of all major forms of American radicalism, both individualists and communitarians, from laissez-faire liberals to anarcho-capitalists, from advocates of community control to syndicalists. In the book's final part, DeLeon argues against measuring the American experience by the standards of communism and other political systems. Instead he contends that American culture is far more radical than that of any socialist state and the implications of American radicalism are far more revolutionary than forms of Marxism-Leninism
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    Prosody and Purpose in the English Renaissance (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430508
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (362 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1989. In Prosody and Purpose in the English Renaissance the eminent scholar O. B. Hardison Jr. sets out "to recover the special kinds of music inherent in English Renaissance poetry." The book begins with a thorough and wide-ranging survey of the development of prosodic theory from the ancient ars metrica tradition to the sixteenth century, with special emphasis on such issues as the relation of verse form and genre, the relation of syntax to prosody, and the role of language reform in shaping Renaissance prosody. The second part of the book considers the impact of prosodic traditions on specific literary works and verse forms, among them Surrey's Aeneid, Heywood's translation of Seneca's Thyestes, Sackville and Norton's Gorboduc, and the dramatic and epic verse of Marlowe, Shakespeare, Spenser, and Milton. Throughout, Hardison examines not only how poets crafted their verse but why. He explores authorial purposes ranging from technical attempts to match sound and genre to the lofty aims of improving the vernacular or ennobling culture, from the dramatist's practical search for verse forms suited to the stage to Milton's quest for a meter fit to convey divine relation
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    Stalin in October : The Man Who Missed the Revolution (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421432298
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Keywords: Military history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1987. In March 1917 young Joseph Stalin, already a high-ranking Bolshevik, returned from Siberian exile in search of greatness and power. But his activities during the months leading up to the October Revolution were full of blunders and misjudgments-failures that in later years Stalin obliterated from the historical record. Stalin in October reassembles the history of 1917 and explains why, on the eve of the revolutionaries' seizure of power, Stalin seemingly dropped out of the picture. "He would always be dogged," Slusser writes, "by a nagging sense of having somehow missed the revolution." The lingering shame was crucial to Stalin's development into a Soviet dictator
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    Purpose and Necessity in Social Theory (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421431901
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: History of Western philosophy
    Abstract: Originally published in 1987. Philosopher Maurice Mandelbaum offers a broad-ranging essay on the roles of chance, choice, purpose, and necessity in human events. He traces the many changes these concepts have undergone, from the analyses of Hobbes and Spinoza, through the eighteenth, nineteenth, and early twentieth centuries. Mandelbaum examines two contrary tendencies in the history of social theories. Some thinkers, he shows, have explained the character of institutions in terms of their individual purposes, whereas others have stressed relationships of necessity among society's institutions. Mandelbaum discusses chance, choice, and necessity at length and reaches some provocative conclusions about the ways in which they are interwoven in human affairs
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    Toward Freedom and Dignity : The Humanities and the Idea of Humanity (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430485
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Higher & further education, tertiary education
    Abstract: Originally published in 1973. Toward Freedom and Dignity is a humanist's view of the humanities in an age of burgeoning technology. O. B. Hardison Jr. deals with the status of the humanities and their future-how they are regarded and how they may come to contribute to a genuinely humane society. He argues that humanistic studies are not a luxury in either education or society. They are central to the preparation of human beings for the kind of society that is possible if we manage to avoid an Orwellian technocracy. Social goals and priorities must be set in terms of the ideal of a culture truly adjusted to human needs and human limitations. In framing his argument, Hardison draws on ideas of the humanities since the Renaissance, especially on the philosophical humanities that emerged in Europe in the works of authors like Kant, Schiller, and Coleridge. He is untroubled by anti-humanistic trends in college curricula and the surrounding culture, and he contends that we have only one practical option: to ensure that culture evolves toward a more humane society, toward freedom and dignity
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    The Barristers of Toulouse in the Eighteenth Century (1740-1793) (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421429953
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (225 p.)
    Keywords: European history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1975. Following the vein of French historiography, many twentieth-century scholars of the French Revolution believed that the middle class of lawyers played a crucial role in the Revolution. In The Barristers of Toulouse, Lenard Berlanstein contends with that notion in a case study examining the response of the Toulousian legal community to the French Revolution. Using tax rolls, marriage contracts, and court records as primary sources, Professor Berlanstein argues that class interests-such as a desire to preserve their status in the cultured, conservative urban elite-led many Toulousian judges and lawyers to reject the Revolution and to remain loyal to the aristocratic Parlement. In other words, those in the legal community of Toulouse conducted themselves in ways that were consistent with other members of their social and economic class. To supplement his argument, Berlanstein's integrates methods from the New Social History movement
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    Ishmael (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421435657
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (476 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1956. In Ishmael, Professor James Baird responds to the increasing secularization of Western civilization and the creation of what he calls "authentic primitivism." For Baird, the aesthetic austerity of Protestantism undermined the structure of symbols created by Catholicism. In the absence of a meaningful structure of cultural authority in Western civilization, "primary art" took on a quasi-religious role by connecting humans to a transcendent being. Ishmael describes a new system of art, beginning around 1850, that supplanted Christian symbolism. Baird examines writers who helped to create a modern authentic primitivism, with emphasis on Herman Melville, whom Baird sees as a locus of change for the cultural significance of primary art. Baird provides a social history and biography of writers who participated in the primary art movement from 1850 to 1950
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    Medieval Jewry in Northern France : A Political and Social History (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430652
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: European history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1974. Focusing on a set of Jewish communities, Robert Chazan tells how, by the eleventh century, French Jews had created for themselves a role as local merchants and moneylenders in adapting to the political, economic, and social limits imposed on them. French society, striving to become more powerful and civilized, was willing to extend aid and protection to the Jews in return for general stimulation of trade and urban life and for the immediate profit realized from taxation. While the authorities were relatively successful in protecting the Jews from others, there was no power to impose itself between the Jews and their protectors. The political and social well-being of the Jews was, therefore, dependent on the will of the governing authorities who taxed their holdings and regulated their activities. During the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the position of the Jews was constantly under attack by reform elements in the church concerned with Jewish moneylending and blasphemous materials in Jewish books; these reformers were eventually devoted to a serious missionizing effort within the Jewish community. The Jews' situation was further complicated by deep popular animosity, expressing itself in a damaging set of slanders and occasionally in physical violence. Despite the impressive achievements of the Jews in medieval northern France, by the thirteenth century their community was increasingly constricted; and in 1306, they were expelled from royal France by Philip IV. Overcoming the handicap of a lack of copious source material, Chazan analyzes the Jews' political status, their relations with key elements of Christian society, their demographic development, their economic outlets, their internal organization, and their attitudes toward the Christian environment. As it highlights aspects of French society from an unusual perspective, Medieval Jewry in Northern France should be of special interest to the historian of medieval France as well as to the student of Jewish history. This story is also significant for all who are fascinated by the capacity of human groups to respond and adapt creatively to a hostile and limiting environment
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    George Herbert's Lyrics (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421433844
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (270 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1968. The main purpose of this book is to demonstrate that George Herbert is one of the great masters of lyric poetry. Stein discusses Herbert's diction, imagery, syntax, and rhythm in light of his organization of the imaginative materials of time and self-consciousness and in light of his development of a rhetoric through which he could master the intimacies of personal failure and (what is far more difficult) express in language convincingly sincere states of positive religious achievement
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    Merchants, Landlords, Magistrates : The Depont Family in Eighteenth-Century France (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430027
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Biography: historical, political & military
    Abstract: Originally published in 1980. A social historian of modern France, Robert Forster discovered a series of father-to-son letters that presented an unusual opportunity to trace in human terms the impact of institutions and cultural norms on eighteenth-century French society. From these letters and other family papers, Forster reconstructed a family biography of the Deponts of La Rochelle over four generations. Their story affords new insights into the workings of institutions-economic, religious, legal, administrative-the mentality of provincial notables, the world of Parisian high finance and salon society, and the response of a socially mobile family to the challenges of the century, climaxing in the French Revolution of 1789. Forster demonstrates how real people in an upwardly mobile family coped with their changing society, moved from overseas trade to local and then national office, managed their wealth, treated their children, and then parried the psychological shocks accompanying their ascent to status and power. It is the story not of a "class" response to abstract trends or forces identified by the historian in retrospect but of flesh-and-blood human beings grappling with day-to-day decisions and revealing a full range of human ambiguity and inconsistency. This study offers perspective on the emergence by 1800 of a new elite in France-a social amalgam of landlords, administrators, and professional men, inculcated with a national awareness and a cautious political liberalism. These were the notables who would govern France in the next century. Forster's approach, uncommon among social historians, combines narrative and analytical modes of historiography. Based on archival materials in La Rochelle and Paris, the book blends economic, social, cultural, and political history
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    The Public Image of Big Business in America, 1880-1940 : A Quantitative Study in Social Change (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421435893
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (338 p.)
    Keywords: History of the Americas
    Abstract: Otiginally published in 1975. At the time that Louis Galambos published The Public Image of Big Business in America in 1975, America had matured into a bureaucratic state. The expression of the military-industrial complex and big business grew so pervasive that the postwar United States was defined in large part by its citizens' participation in large-scale organizational structures. Noticing this development, Galambos maintains that the "single most significant phenomenon in modern American history is the emergence of giant, complex organizations." Today, bureaucratic organizations influence the day-to-day lives of most Americans-they gather taxes, regulate businesses, provide services, administer welfare, provide education, and on and on. These organizations are defined by their hierarchical structure in which the power of decision-making is allotted according to abstract rules that create impersonal scenarios. Bureaucracies have developed as a result of technological changes in the second half of the nineteenth century. Based on the premise that these structures had a stronger influence on modern America than any other single phenomenon, this book explores the public's response to the growth of the power and influence of bureaucracy from the years 1880 through 1930. What results is an examination of the social perception of bureaucracy and the development of bureaucratic culture
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    Scientific Knowledge and Philosophic Thought (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434780
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy of science
    Abstract: Originally published in 1986. Are there two kinds of problems-the scientific and the philosophic-each requiring different methods for solution? Or are there, rather, two different ways of approaching a problem, each yielding a different answer according to the method used? Biomedical researcher Sir Harold Himsworth urges scientists not to shy away from using scientific methods to grapple with problems traditionally accepted as belonging to the province of philosophy. The difference between science and philosophy lies not in the problems to which they are directed, Himsworth argues, but rather in the methods they use for solving them. To the scientist, a proposition is something to be investigated; to the philosopher, something to be accepted as a basis for thought. Since the development of the scientific method, substantial progress has been made toward mastering problems in the natural environment. If we are ever to attain a degree of control over problems that derive from human activities, Himsworth claims that we only succeed by approaching them in a comparably objective way
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    Observation and Theory in Science (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421433271
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy of science
    Abstract: Originally published in 1971. The three contributions collected in this volume deal with different aspects of a single theme-the logical status of scientific theories in their relation to observation. These lectures, authored by different thinkers, treat this theme in connection with some controversies in the philosophy of science. A nonspecialist who reads these lectures should realize that the theme itself is a perennial one with an ancient lineage. It has concerned philosophers from the earliest era of philosophy on down through the centuries. A central philosophical issue at stake in the lectures is the question of whether scientific theories are testable in terms of our observations such that we can know whether some theories are true and others false. Although differing in their emphases, all three contributors seek a more plausible and nonskeptical philosophical account of the status of scientific theories in relation to observation
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    The Confessional Imagination : A Reading of Wordsworth's Prelude (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421435565
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: poetry & poets
    Abstract: Originally published in 1974. This book concerns the archetypal quality of Wordsworth's The Prelude, specifically the ways in which it develops and defines concepts of language, time, and narrative that influenced writers who came after Wordsworth. Frank D. McConnell sees the philosopher and theologian St. Augustine as the most suggestive analogue for the Wordsworthian quest for lost time and for the redemptive power of memory. McConnell maps similarities and dissimilarities between Wordsworth's Prelude and Augustine's Confessions. Each chapter of the book centers on an aspect of Wordsworth's confessional procedure in writing the poem. Chapter 1 ascribes peculiarities in the mode of address to The Prelude's definitive auditor, Coleridge, as a felt presence that shapes the overall form of the poem. Chapter 2 discusses the confessional-and Wordsworthian-view of the human career, contrasting the holistic and organic ideal of man's development with a more ancient and allegorical, or daemonic, view against which the confessional vision struggles. Chapter 3 carries the argument to the more fundamental level of the senses of sight and hearing. And chapter 4 deals with language itself, the irreducible counters of Wordsworth's vision and the highly specialized confessional language of "Edenic words." The general direction of the author's reading is a narrowing of focus from the most general to the most specific features of the confessional act
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    The Socialist Republic of Rumania (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421435237
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Keywords: Marxism & Communism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1969. Rumania faced the problem, shared by other independently minded communist states in the era of the Soviet bloc, of pursuing independent policies in foreign and intra-bloc relations and in its domestic affairs without provoking the Soviet Union to a military reaction. The efforts of the Rumanian leadership in this direction were aided by the fact that there was no politically relevant pro-Moscow elite that could take over if Ceausescu and his followers were deposed by force. Writing his study during the communist period, Professor Fischer-Galati concludes that the future of Rumanian integration into the communist party-state system hinges on the resolution of differences with the Soviet Union and that no meaningful reconciliation appears likely while the present Rumanian and Russian elites remain in power. The author believes, however, that the Rumanians will continue to pursue their independent course-one that could stimulate greater popular support and participation in the country's affairs, although it may not lead to a realization of Ceausescu's social nationalist goals
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    The Beautiful, Novel, and Strange : Aesthetics and Heterodoxy (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430119
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (394 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1995. In The Beautiful, Novel, and Strange, Ronald Paulson fills a lacuna in studies of aesthetics at its point of origin in England in the 1700s. He shows how aesthetics took off not only from British empiricism but also from such forms of religious heterodoxy as deism. The third earl of Shaftesbury, the founder of aesthetics, replaced the Christian God of rewards and punishments with beauty-worship of God, with a taste for a work of art. William Hogarth, reacting against Shaftesbury's "disinterestedness," replaced his Platonic abstractions with an aesthetics centered on the human body, gendered female, and based on an epistemology of curiosity, pursuit, and seduction. Paulson shows Hogarth creating, first in practice and then in theory, a middle area between the Beautiful and the Sublime by adapting Joseph Addison's category (in the Spectator) of the Novel, Uncommon, and Strange.Paulson retrieves an aesthetics that had strong support during the eighteenth century but has been obscured both by the more dominant academic discourse of Shaftesbury (and later Sir Joshua Reynolds) and by current trends in art and literary history. Arguing that the two traditions comprised not only painterly but also literary theory and practice, Paulson explores the innovations of Henry Fielding, John Cleland, Laurence Sterne, and Oliver Goldsmith, which followed and complemented the practice in the visual arts of Hogarth and his followers
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    The Russian Revolutionary Emigres, 1825-1870 (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421433813
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (310 p.)
    Keywords: Biography: historical, political & military
    Abstract: Originally published in 1986. Martin A. Miller, author of the definitive biography of the exiled revolutionary Peter Kropotkin, traces the history of the first generations of Russians who went to Western Europe to devote their lives to anti-tsarist politics. Refusing to assimilate abroad and unable to return home, the émigrés political orientations were influenced by intellectual and social currents in both Russia and Europe. Miller undertakes a major reassessment of the émigré contribution to the Russian revolutionary movement. Starting with Nikolai Turgenev, who in 1825 was declared the first "émigré" by a special act of the Russian government, the exiles formed a unique social and political group. Miller takes a biographical approach in tracing the progression from a disparate community of intellectuals, unable to act together to promote their own program for change, to a more cohesive second émigré generation that provided the foundation for collective action and the development of a revolutionary ideology. The creation of the Russian émigré press, Miller argues, gave identity and momentum to the émigrés and helped promote their program of revolution and a new social order. The Russian Revolutionary Emigres, 1825-1870 concludes with the death in 1870 of the leading émigré figure, Alexander Herzen, and with an analysis of the impact upon the émigrés of the emergence of the populist revolutionary movement within Russia. The émigrés overcame the loss of their homeland through their version of a future Russia, one transformed into a new society where their ideals could be realized. When, two generations later, Lenin returned to Russia after decades in Europe and made this vision a reality, his actions built on the foundation laid by his nineteenth-century predecessors
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    The Decentered Universe of Finnegans Wake : A Structuralist Analysis (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430256
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1977. The pioneer critics of Finnegans Wake hailed the work as a radical critique of language and civilization. Resuming their position, Margot Norris explains the book's most intractable uncertainties not as puzzles to be solved by a clever reader but as manifestations of a "chaosmos," a Freudian dream world of sexual transgression and social dissolution, of inauthentic being and empty words. Conventional moralities and restraints are under siege in this chaosmos, where precisely those desires and forbidden wishes that are barred in waking thought strive to make themselves felt. Norris demonstrates convincingly that the protean characters of Finnegans Wake are the creatures of a dreaming mind. The teleology of their universe is freedom, and in the enduring struggle between the individual's anarchic psyche and the laws that make civilization possible, it is only in dream that the psyche is triumphant. It is as dream rather than as novel that Norris reads Finnegans Wake. The lexical deviance and semantic density of the book, Norris argues, are not due to Joyce's malice, mischief, or megalomania but are essential and intrinsic to his concern to portray man's inner state of being. Because meanings are dislocated-hidden in unexpected places, multiplied and split, given over to ambiguity, plurality, and uncertainty-the Wake, Norris claims, represents a decentered universe. Its formal elements of plot, character, discourse, and language are not anchored to any single point of reference; they do not refer back to center. Only by abandoning conventional frames of reference can readers allow the work to disclose its own meanings, which are lodged in the differences and similarities of its multitudinous elements.Eschewing the close explication of much Wake criticism, the author provides a conceptual framework for the work's large structures with the help of theories and methods borrowed from Freud, Heidegger, Lacan, Levi-Strauss, and Derrida. Looking at the work without novelistic expectations of the illusion of some "key" to unlock the mystery, Norris explores Joyce's rationale for committing his last human panorama-a bit sadder than Ulysses in its concern with aging, killing, and dying-to a form and language belonging to the deconstructive forces of the twentieth century
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    The Institution of Theory (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430218
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (122 p.)
    Keywords: Literary theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1994. In The Institution of Theory, Murray Krieger examines, at once sympathetically and critically, the process by which theory has become institutionalized in the American academy and the consequences of theory as an academic institution. He traces the transformation of literary theory into critical theory and relates it to changes in the place of literature within questions about discourse at large. And he faces the costs as well as the gains of the recent denial of privilege to the literary. To support his view of the issues at stake in current theoretical debates, Krieger surveys both the history of American criticism and the general history of literary theory in the West. He sees divisions in each of them that foreshadow the current debates: in the first a conflict between the social and the aesthetic functions of literature, and in the second a conflict between the treatment of literature as a reflection of a culture's ideology and the treatment of literature as a subversion of that ideology. To what extent, he asks, are our debates new and to what extent are they merely refashioned versions of those we have always had?
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    Words about Words about Words : Theory, Criticism, and the Literary Text (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430225
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Literary theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1987. In Words about Words about Words, Murray Krieger advances his ongoing dialogue with the rich diversity of contemporary literary theory and elaborates on his own position as it grows out of an opposing relation to much of current criticism. Krieger examines the kinds of ideologies and ontologies smuggled into literary theory that purports to be anti-ideological and anti-ontological. He explores the extent to which critical fashions dictate the development of theory and the reasons why particular theories exclude certain kinds of literary works in favor of others. Under such circumstances, Krieger asks, What becomes of the critic's task of evaluation? Further, what is the relation of the idea of progress to criticism and the arts, and what is the effect of these notions on cultural and intellectual institutions? He seeks an alternative to the deterministic tendencies of the new historicism in viewing the relations of literature and literary criticism to society. Progressing from broad questions to more focused critical problems and close readings, Krieger reviews the aesthetic tradition as it has evolved from Kant. He engages in debate with deconstructionist critics about the role of symbol and allegory as descriptions of ways in which poems succeed or fail in constructing their verbal universe. And he argues that, for all its brilliance, deconstruction has not yet been able to fulfill the social or academic functions of the older, aesthetic-based disciplines that it set out to deconstruct
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    Decomposing Figures : Rhetorical Readings in the Romantic Tradition (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421434117
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Literary theory
    Abstract: Originally published in 1986. The ghastly fate of a drowned man brought to a lake's surface in Wordsworth's "Prelude" typifies a fundamental pattern in Romantic writing, argues Cynthia Chase. Disfiguration involves not only a departure from representation but a disruption of the logic of figure or form, a decomposition of the figures composing the text. Ultimately it manifests the conflict between a work's meaning and its mode of performance. By means of an intense engagement with texts in the romantic tradition, Decomposing Figures rearticulates and recasts crucial concepts in recent literary theory, including the notion of the self-referential or self-reflexive nature of the literary work. Chase's readings show that, far from implying a privileged status, the work's self-reflexive structure entails its opacity, its inability to read itself, and the necessity of its decomposition
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    Beasts of the Modern Imagination : Darwin, Nietzsche, Kafka, Ernst, and Lawrence (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421430263
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1985. Beasts of the Modern Imagination explores a specific tradition in modern thought and art: the critique of anthropocentrism at the hands of "beasts"-writers whose works constitute animal gestures or acts of fatality. It is not a study of animal imagery, although the works that Margot Norris explores present us with apes, horses, bulls, and mice who appear in the foreground of fiction, not as the tropes of allegory or fable, but as narrators and protagonists appropriating their animality amid an anthropocentric universe. These beasts are finally the masks of the human animals who create them, and the textual strategies that bring them into being constitute another version of their struggle. The focus of this study is a small group of thinkers, writers, and artists who create as the animal-not like the animal, in imitation of the animal-but with their animality speaking. The author treats Charles Darwin as the founder of this tradition, as the naturalist whose shattering conclusions inevitably turned back on him and subordinated him, the rational man, to the very Nature he studied. Friedrich Nietzsche heeded the advice implicit in his criticism of David Strauss and used Darwinian ideas as critical tools to interrogate the status of man as a natural being. He also responded to the implications of his own animality for his writing by transforming his work into bestial acts and gestures. The third, and last, generation of these creative animals includes Franz Kafka, the Surrealist artist Max Ernst, and D. H. Lawrence. In exploring these modern philosophers of the animal and its instinctual life, the author inevitably rebiologizes them even against efforts to debiologize thinkers whose works can be studied profitably for their models of signification
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    E. E. Cummings : The Art of His Poetry (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
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    ISBN: 9781421435671
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (225 p.)
    Keywords: Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Originally published in 1960. In E. E. Cummings: The Art of His Poetry, Norman Friedman argues that critics who have focused on what Cummings's poetry lacks have failed to judge Cummings on his strengths. Friedman identifies a main strength of Cummings as his being a "sensual mystic." The book unpacks Cummings's subject matter, devices, and symbolism, ultimately helping readers develop a deeper understanding and appreciation of Cummings's work
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 97
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    Online Resource
    Speaking of Diversity : Language and Ethnicity in Twentieth-Century America (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421434810
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (330 p.)
    Keywords: Second World War
    Abstract: Originally published in 1992. In this collection of essays, Philip Gleason explores the different linguistic tools that American scholars have used to write about ethnicity in the United States and analyzes how various vocabularies have played out in the political sphere. In doing this, he reveals tensions between terms used by academic groups and those preferred by the people whom the academics discuss. Gleason unpacks words and phrases-such as melting pot and plurality-used to visualize the multitude of ethnicities in the United States. And he examines debates over concepts such as "assimilation," "national character," "oppressed group," and "people of color." Gleason advocates for greater clarity of these concepts when discussed in America's national political arena. Gleason's essays are grouped into three parts. Part 1 focuses on linguistic analyses of specific terms. Part 2 examines the effect of World War II on national identity and American thought about diversity and intergroup relations. Part 3 discusses discourse on the diversity of religions. This collection of eleven essays sharpens our historical understanding of the evolution of language used to define diversity in twentieth-century America
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Britain and China (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421433561
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: European history
    Abstract: Originally published in 1962. This book is a study of relations between Britain and China. The first section surveys historical relations between the two nations and culminates with the Second World War. The second part examines British policy during the Chinese Civil War, the Korean War, and the Geneva Conference. The third part discusses what contemporary issues in British-Chinese relations were at the time the book was written
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Quest for a United Germany (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421433691
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Keywords: Comparative politics
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. The ramifications of the German problem and its intricate nature make its comprehensive presentation within the limits of a manageable volume a matter of painful selection and difficult apportionment
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Québec Confronts Canada (2019)
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Johns Hopkins University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781421435381
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Keywords: International relations
    Abstract: Originally published in 1967. The nationalistic sentiment of French Canada was starkly dramatized by the Montreal terrorist bombings in the spring of 1963. Admittedly the work of extremists, that eruption of violence was an offshoot of the profound social, political, economic, and cultural transformation-an accelerated evolution rather than a revolution-that Quebec has undergone since the end of World War II. This revolution tranquille is characterized by a new sense of self-confidence among French Canadians, an eagerness to reject what they regard as any hint of second-class citizenship, and a determination to take full share in all aspects of Canadian life-without, however, sacrificing their French culture and heritage. A threat to the Canadian Confederation is implicit in the growing reluctance of modern French-speaking Canadians to abide the "tyranny of the majority," however enlightened or well-intentioned it may be. This first book-length study in English of the conflict between French and English Canadians provides a thorough treatment of French-Canadian complaints against English Canada, and of their implications for Canadian unity. Dr. Corbett devotes the first part of his study to an analysis of the ferment within the French-speaking population of Quebec during the postwar period. He discusses the relation between French-Canadian nationalism and other nationalisms and the roles played by the language barrier, the church, and the separatist movement. In the second part of the study he considers the political, economic, and social implications of separatism, with particular regard to the proposals for adapting the Constitution to Quebecois demands. After tracing the evolution of the ambivalent English-Canadian concept of Canada's national identity, he concludes that the future of the Confederation will depend on how far the English majority is willing to go in meeting French demands
    Note: English
    URL: kostenfrei
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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