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  • Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press  (44)
  • Psychology  (44)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781108297653
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 267 pages)
    DDC: 306.4/613
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: What would it be like to feel good about your body? Does anyone really fully appreciate their body? If diverse body shapes and sizes were shown in the media, would this change your perception? While this book addresses all of these questions and more, it is not simply a standard scientific exploration of poor body image. Instead, it examines a new movement focused on understanding what it is that leads people to love, appreciate, take care of, and embrace their bodies. Featuring chapters written by leading, international experts in the science and practice of body image, Body Positive is a provocative and engaging look at how we feel about our physical selves in the twenty-first century - and how we can all come to feel better than we currently do.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 04 Jul 2018)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316335369
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 331 pages)
    DDC: 303.34
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1870-1940 ; Charisma ; Attraktion ; Gefühl ; Politische Führung ; Sozialer Wandel ; Soziale Bewegung ; USA
    Abstract: An innovative examination of American society, culture, and politics, The Age of Charisma argues that the modern relationship between American leaders and followers grew out of a unique group of charismatic social movements prominent in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Drawing on hundreds of letters and testimonials, Jeremy C. Young illustrates how 'personal magnetism' in public speaking shaped society by enabling a shift from emotionally-inaccessible leadership to emotionally-available leadership. This charismatic speaking style caused a rapid transformation in the leader-follower relationship, creating an emotional link between speakers and listeners, and the effects of this social transformation remain with us today. Young argues that ultimately, charismatic movements enhanced American democracy by encouraging the personalization of leadership - creating a culture in which today's leaders appeal directly to Americans through mass media.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 31 Jan 2017)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139035385
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 330 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Abstract: Drawing on compelling material from research interviews with former hostages and political prisoners, Guy Saunders reworks three classic thought experiment stories: Parfit's 'Teleporter', Nagel's 'What is it like to be a bat?' and Jackson's 'Mary the colour scientist' to form a fresh look at the study of consciousness. By examining consciousness from a social psychology perspective, Saunders develops a 'cubist psychology of consciousness' through which he challenges the accepted wisdom of mainstream approaches by arguing that people can act freely. What makes 'cubist psychology' is both the many examples taken from different viewpoints and the multiple ways of looking at the key issues of person, mind and world. This is a unique and engaging book that will appeal to students and academics in the field of consciousness studies and other readers with an interest in consciousness.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139016827
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 723 pages)
    DDC: 305.231
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Families, communities and societies influence children's learning and development in many ways. This is the first handbook devoted to the understanding of the nature of environments in child development. Utilizing Urie Bronfenbrenner's idea of embedded environments, this volume looks at environments from the immediate environment of the family (including fathers, siblings, grandparents and day-care personnel) to the larger environment including schools, neighborhoods, geographic regions, countries and cultures. Understanding these embedded environments and the ways in which they interact is necessary to understand development.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 14 Jan 2016)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511499760
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 455 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and emotional development
    DDC: 305.234
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    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Längsschnittuntersuchung ; Kind ; Entwicklungspsychologie
    Abstract: During middle childhood, the period between ages 5 and 12, children gain the basic tools, skills and motivations to become productive members of their society. Failure to acquire these basic tools can lead to long-term consequences for children's future education, work and family life. In this book, first published in 2006, the editors assemble contributions from fifteen longitudinal studies representing diverse groups in the United States, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom to learn what developmental patterns and experiences in middle childhood contexts forecast the directions children take when they reach adolescence and adulthood. The editors conclude that, although lasting individual differences are evident by the end of the preschool years, a child's developmental path in middle childhood contributes significantly to the adolescent and adult that he or she becomes. Families, peers and the broader social and economic environment all make a difference for young people's future education, work and relationships with others.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511652011 , 0511809840 , 9780511652011 , 9780511809842
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 314 pages)
    Series Statement: Key topics in sociolinguistics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Edwards, John, 1947 December 12- Language and identity
    DDC: 306.44
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    Keywords: Sociolinguistics ; Group identity ; Language and languages Political aspects ; Identity politics ; Nationalism ; LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES ; Linguistics ; Sociolinguistics ; Group identity ; Identity politics ; Language and languages ; Political aspects ; Nationalism ; Sociolinguistics ; Identität ; Sprache ; Språksociologi ; Gruppidentitet ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The language we use forms an important part of our sense of who we are - of our identity. This book outlines the relationship between our identity as members of groups - ethnic, national, religious and gender and the language varieties important to each group. What is a language? What is a dialect? Are there such things as language 'rights'? Must every national group have its own unique language? How have languages, large and small, been used to spread religious ideas? Why have particular religious and linguistic 'markers' been so central, singly or in combination, to the ways in which we think about ourselves and others? Using a rich variety of examples, the book highlights the linkages among languages, dialects and identities, with special attention given to religious, ethnic and national allegiances."--Jacket
    Abstract: Introduction -- 2. Identity, the individual and the group -- 3. Identifying ourselves -- 4. Language, dialect and identity -- 5. Dialect and identity: beyond standard and nonstandard -- 6. Language, religion and identity -- 7. Language, gender and identity -- 8. Ethnicity and nationalism -- 9. Assessments of nationalism -- -- 10. Language and nationalism -- 11. Language planning and language ecology.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 271-309) and index
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511753749
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 310 pages)
    Series Statement: Structural analysis in the social sciences 30
    DDC: 302.3/5
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    Keywords: Organisationspsychologie ; Organisationsverhalten ; Soziales Netzwerk
    Abstract: This book brings a social networks perspective to bear on topics of leadership, decision-making, turnover, organizational crises, organizational culture, and other major organizational behavior topics. It offers a new direction for organizational behavior theory and research by drawing from social network ideas. Across diverse research topics, the authors pursue an integrated focus on social ties both as they are represented in the cognitions of individuals and as they operate as constraints and opportunities in organizational settings. The authors bring their 20 years worth of research experience together to provide a programmatic social network approach to understanding the internal functioning of organizations. By focusing a distinctive research lens on interpersonal networks, they attempt to discover the keys to the whole realm of organizational behavior through the social network approach.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511509568
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 295 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The last two decades have seen an international explosion of interest in theories of mind, culture, and activity. This unique collection is the first to explicitly reach back to the tradition's original critical impulse within which the writings of Karl Marx played such a central role. Each author pushes this impulse further to address leading contemporary questions. It includes a diverse array of international scholars working from the fields of education, psychology, philosophy, sociology, anthropology, communications, industrial relations, and business studies. Broken into three main sections - education, work, and everyday life - each chapter builds from an analysis of practice and learning as social cultural participation and historical change in relation to the concept of activity, contradiction, and struggle. This book offers insight into an important complex of overlapping practices and institutions to shed light on broader debates over such matters as the 'knowledge economy' and 'lifelong learning'.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511541360
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 176 pages)
    Series Statement: Darwin College lectures 18
    DDC: 303.601
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    Keywords: Konflikt ; Interpersonaler Konflikt ; Konfliktforschung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Conflict, sadly, is part of our everyday life; experienced at home, in the workplace, on our TV screens. But is it an inevitable part of the fabric of our existence? In this volume, eight experts examine conflict at many levels, from the workings of genes to the evolution of galaxies. Evolutionary biologist David Haig examines why we disagree with ourselves, and psychologist Simon Baron-Cohen asks whether differences between the average male and female mind must necessarily lead to misunderstanding. Anthropologist Richard Wrangham explores why chimpanzees and humans have evolved to kill, while archaeologist Barry Cunliffe examines the roots of warfare. Political scientist Lisa Anderson analyses conflict in the Middle East, and broadcaster Kate Adie reflects on television reporting of war. The book concludes with industrial economist William Brown's discussion of conflict in labour relations, and an exploration of the creative and destructive effects of cosmic violence by physicist P. C. W. Davies.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511606632
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 891 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge handbooks in psychology
    DDC: 302/.1
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    Keywords: Zwischenmenschliche Beziehung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships serves as a benchmark of the current state of scholarship in this dynamic field synthesizing the extant theoretical and empirical literature, tracing its historical roots, and making recommendations for future directions. The volume addresses a broad range of established and emerging topics including: theoretical and methodological issues that influence the study of personal relationships; research and theory on relationship development, the nature and functions of personal relationships across the lifespan; individual differences and their influences on relationships; relationship processes such as cognition, emotion, and communication; relational qualities such as satisfaction and commitment; environmental influences on personal relationships; and maintenance and repair of relationships. The authors are experts from a variety of disciplines including several subfields of psychology, communication, family studies and sociology who have made major contributions to the understanding of relationships.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511812682
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 379 pages)
    DDC: 303.66
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    Keywords: Friede ; Psychologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: A comprehensive introduction to the rapidly growing research area of peace psychology. Both a topic in its own right and studied within courses on peace studies, conflict studies and subsidiaries of psychology, international relations and politics, peace psychology is a practically and theoretically important area. This textbook covers the whole research literature focusing on research since the end of the cold war but also incorporating aspects of earlier literature which retain contemporary relevance. The content includes an introductory chapter outlining the growth of the field and continues to cover interdisciplinary practice (international relations, education, feminist studies and ethics), primary psychological topics (development, social psychology, psychodynamics and cognition), core topics from peace studies (conflict resolution, crisis management, non-violence, peacemaking and peacebuilding, specific locations such as the middle East and sustainable development) and terrorism (threats and victims). This is a unique textbook that will appeal to students and practitioners alike.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521841003 , 0521600847
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xi, 234 p) , 24 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Print version Social Solidarity and the Gift
    DDC: 394
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    Keywords: Solidarity ; Gifts ; Generosity
    Abstract: This book brings together two traditions of thinking about social ties: sociological theory on solidarity and anthropological theory on gift exchange. The main argument, supported by empirical illustrations, is that a theory of solidarity should incorporate some of the core insights from anthropological gift theory
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Half-title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Introduction; PART I The Gift; PART II Solidarity and Selectivity; PART III Contemporary Solidarity; References; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-224) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316036532
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 286 pages)
    DDC: 305.231
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    Abstract: The neo-Vygotskian approach to child development is introduced to English-speaking readers. Russian followers of Vygotsky have elaborated his ideas into a theory that integrates cognitive, motivational, and social aspects of child development with an emphasis on the role of children's activity as mediated by adults in their development. This theory has become the basis for an innovative analysis of periods in child development and of the mechanism of children's transitions from one period to the next. In this book, the discussion of the neo-Vygotskians' approach to child development is supported by a review of their empirical data, much of which has never before been available to English-speaking readers. The discussion is also supported by a review of recent empirical findings of Western researchers, which are highly consistent with the neo-Vygotskian analysis of child development.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511499814
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 483 pages)
    DDC: 305.892/705694
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    Keywords: Juden ; Vorurteil ; Palästinenser ; Öffentliche Meinung ; Israel
    Abstract: In the last two decades, the study of social stereotypes and prejudice has become one of the central interests in social psychology in particular. One reflection of this growing interest is the focus on shared stereotypes and prejudices. The primary reason for this development is the recognition that stereotypes and prejudice play a determinative role in shaping intergroup relations. In situations of conflict, they are simultaneously outcomes of the accumulated animosity between the involved groups and also feed on the continuation of the conflict by furnishing the cognitive-affective basis for the experienced mistrust by the parties. In spite of this recognition, no systematic analysis of the stereotypes and prejudice was carried out in real situations. This book tries to rectify this by applying a general and universal conceptual framework to the study of the acquisition and development of stereotypes and prejudice in a society involved in an intractable conflict.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511490514
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 287 pages)
    DDC: 152.4/01
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    Keywords: Gefühlspsychologie
    Abstract: Today there is a thriving 'emotions industry' to which philosophers, psychologists and neuroscientists are contributing. Yet until two centuries ago 'the emotions' did not exist. In this path-breaking study Thomas Dixon shows how, during the nineteenth century, the emotions came into being as a distinct psychological category, replacing existing categories such as appetites, passions, sentiments and affections. By examining medieval and eighteenth-century theological psychologies and placing Charles Darwin and William James within a broader and more complex nineteenth-century setting, Thomas Dixon argues that this domination by one single descriptive category is not healthy. Overinclusivity of 'the emotions' hampers attempts to argue with any subtlety about the enormous range of mental states and stances of which humans are capable. This book is an important contribution to the debate about emotion and rationality which has preoccupied western thinkers throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and has implications for contemporary debates.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511550461
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 448 pages)
    DDC: 302/.12
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The management of and communication about risks has become a major question of public policy and intellectual debate in the modern world. The social amplification of risk framework describes how both social and individual factors act to amplify or dampen perceptions of risk and through this create secondary effects such as stigmatisation of technologies, economic losses or regulatory impacts. This volume, edited by three of the world's leading analysts of risk and its communication, brings together contributions from a group of international experts working in the field of risk perception and risk communication. Key conceptual issues are discussed as well as a range of recent case studies (spanning BSE and food safety, AIDS/HIV, nuclear power, child protection, Y2K, electromagnetic fields, and waste incineration) that take forward the state-of-the-art in risk amplification theory. The volume also draws attention to lessons for public policy, risk management and risk communication practice.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527753
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 379 pages)
    Edition: 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Relative Deprivation
    Abstract: The relative deprivation construct has been widely used in the social sciences to explain phenomena from experiencing psychosomatic stress to participating in urban riots. It is currently a valuable tool in research, being used especially to understand processes of social identity and responses to disadvantage by both disadvantaged minorities and privileged majorities. Originally published in 2001, this book assembles chapters by leading relative deprivation researchers in order to present comprehensive synthesis of knowledge. Featuring integrative theoretical and empirical work from social psychology, sociology, and psychology, the book provides a highly detailed reference work. It is relevant to researchers in intergroup relations, prejudice, racism, social identity, group processes, social comparison, collective behavior, and social movements. The book will be of value to anyone with an interest in the topic and its practical application.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511613913
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 280 pages)
    DDC: 305.235
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Electronic books ; Electronic books Electronic books ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Electronic books Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The path adolescents take from childhood to adulthood is a product of social, economic, political, and technological forces. These forces may facilitate youth's preparation to become healthy adults, or they may leave youth unprepared for adulthood. Knowledgeable projections are vital in shaping the agenda for research; for alerting educators, policy makers, and practitioners to new issues; and for formulating thoughtful responses to emerging dilemmas. This book focuses upon the future of adolescence in postindustrial societies. The authors identify some ominous societal changes that will affect youth: unstable job markets, competition for public resources due to an aging population, and widening income gaps between 'information workers' and low-skill workers. But they also observe opportunities created by information technology, innovations in health service delivery and criminal-justice rehabilitation, and the resourcefulness of a new generation. This volume examines these and other macro-structural changes that will impact adolescents' lives and their futures as adults.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511623462
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 290 pages)
    DDC: 306.4/61
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: As widespread social transformations have been paralleled by gains in health and life expectancy through public health and other improvements, a variety of other challenges to health have emerged, particularly in lifestyle related, behaviourally mediated changes in rates of chronic disease. Hormones, Health and Behavior looks at the relationship of human biology and human society at the intersection of behavior, hormones and health. There is both scientific interest and practical urgency behind the ideas and findings presented here, as the need for a socio-ecological view of function and well-being has become more apparent. This book documents an emerging understanding of how hormones create linkage between behavior or social life and health. It will inform graduate students and researchers interested in human sciences, human development, anthropology, epidemiology, public environmental and reproductive health.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511629471
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 338 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and emotional development
    DDC: 306.87
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    Abstract: This important 1999 volume examines the effects of the mother's employment on family life and children's well-being. It starts with a thorough review of previous research on this topic and then reports the results of a study designed to answer the key questions that emerge. The study focuses on 448 families, with an elementary school child, living in an industrialized city in the Midwest. They include both one-parent and two-parent families, African Americans and Whites, and a broad range of economic circumstances. Extensive data have been obtained from mothers, fathers, children, teachers, classroom peers, and school records. The analysis reported reveals how the mother's employment status affects the father's role, the mother's sense of well-being, and childrearing patterns and how these, in turn, affect the child. The book provides an intimate picture of urban life and how families cope with mothers' employment.
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  • 21
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316257012
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 295 pages)
    Series Statement: Studies in emotion and social interaction. Second series
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Gefühl ; Interpersonale Kommunikation ; Gefühlsausdruck
    Abstract: The modern world is forcing us to understand emotion in order to cope with new problems such as road rage and epidemic levels of depression, as well as age-old problems such as homicide, genocide and racial tension. At the same time, scholarly research is leading us to appreciate how emotion helps us to understand and transcend our selfish interests, to connect with others, to feel what is just and moral, and not just think it, and to construct societies and cultures that govern our joint efforts. This book draws upon scholarly research to address, explain and legitimize the role that emotion plays in everyday interaction and in many of the pressing social, moral, and cultural issues that we face today.
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  • 22
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139175043
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 403 pages)
    DDC: 305
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    Abstract: This volume focuses on two questions: why do people from one social group oppress and discriminate against people from other groups? and why is this oppression so mind numbingly difficult to eliminate? The answers to these questions are framed using the conceptual framework of social dominance theory. Social dominance theory argues that the major forms of intergroup conflict, such as racism, classism and patriarchy, are all basically derived from the basic human predisposition to form and maintain hierarchical and group-based systems of social organization. In essence, social dominance theory presumes that, beneath major and sometimes profound difference between different human societies, there is also a basic grammar of social power shared by all societies in common. We use social dominance theory in an attempt to identify the elements of this grammar and to understand how these elements interact and reinforce each other to produce and maintain group-based social hierarchy.
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  • 23
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527814
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 473 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and emotional development
    DDC: 306.81
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    Keywords: Ehekonflikt ; Längsschnittuntersuchung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: How do marriages become unhappy? How do marriages change? What are the theories and methods that can best illuminate our understanding of marital development? This 1998 volume comprehensively explores how marriages develop and deteriorate, and in doing so, brings together leading scholars to present research on the longitudinal course of marriage. The chapters share a common focus on the early phases of marriage but address a diverse array of topics, including marital conflict, personality, social support, the transition to parenthood, violence, ethnicity, stress, alcohol use, commitment and sexuality. Implications of this research for alleviating marital distress are also noted. The book concludes with six provocative analyses by prominent scholars in the areas of sociology, clinical psychology, social psychology and developmental psychology.
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  • 24
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511549496
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 249 pages)
    Series Statement: Studies in emotion and social interaction. Second series
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Gefühl ; Soziale Bindung
    Abstract: In his important book, first published in 1997, Thomas Scheff offers an approach to researching human behavior which relates the smallest parts of social interaction to the greatest wholes of social structure. These are the details and connections usually found only in the finest novels, but Scheff combines the insights of the humanities and social sciences to capture the same evocative details of sight, sound, and context, better to understand what he calls 'human reality'. He puts a fresh emphasis on the importance of emotions in the social bond, and describes in newly subtle ways the outer and inner lives of persons in real life, such as inner-city children, and in fiction, such as Jane Austen's heroines. By closely observing the significance of words and gestures in the context in which they occur, he is able to illuminate the connection between people's lives and the society in which they live.
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  • 25
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511574986
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 389 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge series on human-computer interaction 11
    DDC: 302.3
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Designers, implementers, and users of computer network applications are all deeply involved in the processes of social and cultural change, whether or not they consciously and actively choose to consider these processes. Issues such as community and privacy, dependence and individualism are no longer simply the province of philosophers and social scientists; they are tightly interwoven in the design and use of network applications. Virtual Individuals, Virtual Groups explores the social dimensions of the powerful computing applications that are shaping our culture. It addresses design and theoretical issues relating to groupware and other applications of computer networks. It considers computer network applications in terms of the notions of genre and narrative, in a framework that is broadly applicable to the development of a wide range of computing and communication systems, such as virtual reality and multimedia.
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  • 26
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511586552
    Language: English , English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 347 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Abstract: Over the last decade there has been a growing interest in interpersonal relationships in the scientific community as well as in the general public. Until now, no volume has covered comprehensively different types of interpersonal relationships, such as the relationships between friends, lovers, colleagues or parents and children. Ann Elisabeth Auhagen and Maria von Salisch have addressed this gap in the literature with this volume, first published in German and later revised for an American audience. The Diversity of Human Relationships draws together findings from social, developmental and organisational psychology, sociology, biology, and the research on personal relationships. It reviews the multiplicity of research approaches and results on interpersonal relationships and how they change over the life span. It also elaborates the characteristics of the different types of relationships.
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  • 27
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511896828
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 410 pages)
    Series Statement: Learning in doing : social, cognitive and computational perspectives
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Kultur ; Sozialpsychologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: These essays by leading theorists and researchers in sociocultural, cognitive, developmental and educational psychology honour the memory of Sylvia Scribner, whose work is recognized by each of the authors as seminal to their own thinking. The themes include the relationship between history and culture, the importance of context to thinking, the place of literacy in human activity and thought, and cognition in school and in the workplace. The volume presents applications of activity theory to fundamental issues in human behaviour at work, in school, and in problem solving situations, and it analyses historical-societal processes in science and culture. Scribner's conviction that science holds a responsibility to human welfare and understanding is carried on in these chapters. Sociocultural Psychology is crucial reading for researchers and graduate students in sociocultural, cognitive, developmental and educational psychology.
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  • 28
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511720321
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 346 pages)
    DDC: 305.23/1/096762
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Child Care and Culture examines parenthood, infancy, and early childhood in an African community, revealing patterns unanticipated by current theories of child development and raising provocative questions about 'normal' child care in the human species. Comparing the Gusii people of Kenya, whose practices were intensively observed from the combined perspectives of social anthropology, pediatrics, and developmental psychology, with the American white middle class, the authors show how divergent cultural priorities create differing conditions for early childhood development.
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  • 29
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511628214
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 244 pages)
    Series Statement: European monographs in social psychology
    DDC: 302/.14
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    Abstract: Humans may run faster, read less or type more quickly, simply because someone else is present. The presence of one person affects the behaviour of another: this is known as social facilitation and is one of the oldest topics in social psychology. Despite its importance this was the first book-length study of the phenomenon when it was published in 1993. Dr Guerin reviewed all work in the area from 1898 onwards, looking at both animal and human research, and developed his own theory, based on modern behaviour analysis. The book will be appreciated for its wide-ranging and balanced review of previous work on social facilitation and for the general review of the state of social psychology during the 1990s that Dr Guerin's work on the phenomenon includes. The author's theoretical stance is innovative and important, and will make the work required reading.
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  • 30
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511552069
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 348 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge series on judgment and decision making
    DDC: 303.3/72
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    Keywords: Psychologie ; Gerechtigkeit ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Justice, equity, and fairness are central concerns of everyday life, whether we are assessing the fairness of individual acts, social programmes, or institutional policies. This book explores how the distribution of costs and benefits determine our intuition about fairness and why individual behaviour sometimes deviates from normative theories of justice. To make any comparison, one must first state how fair distributions of resources or burdens should be made. Here, competing theories, such as utilitarianism and economic efficiency, are discussed. The chapters cover many topics including an investigation of various rules and heuristics that people use to make fair distributions; the motivation for people to conform to rules of fairness even when they conflict with self-interest; differences between the views of liberals and conservatives; societal rules for the distribution or allocation of critical or scarce resources; and implications for public policy. This mixture of theoretical and applied perspectives provides a balanced look at the psychology of justice.
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  • 31
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139166515
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 238 pages)
    Series Statement: Publications of the Society for Psychological Anthropology 1
    DDC: 306
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    Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: A full understanding of human action requires an understanding of what motivates people to do what they do. For too many years studies of motivation and of culture have drawn from different theoretical paradigms. Typically, human motivation has been modelled on animal behaviour, while culture has been described as pure knowledge or symbol. The result has been insufficient appreciation of the role of culture in human motivation and a truncated view of culture as disembodied knowledge. In this volume, anthropologists have attempted a different approach, seeking to integrate knowledge, desire, and action in a single explanatory framework. This research builds upon recent work in cognitive anthropology on cultural models, that is, shared cognitive schemas through which human realities are constructed and interpreted, while also drawing upon insights from developmental psychology, psychoanalytic theory, and social theory. Most of the research described here was conducted in the United States and deals with some of the pressing concerns - romance, marriage, parenthood, and success - of women and men from different class and ethnic backgrounds. A study of gender roles in Mexico provides comparative cross-cultural data. Several of the chapters deal with oppressive social ideologies, exploring cultural models of gender and class. The careful, in-depth case studies and innovative methods of discourse analysis used here turn up findings about the relation of ideology to people's thought and action that challenge any kind of simple social determinism.
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  • 32
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511720468
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 306 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in public opinion and political psychology
    DDC: 303.3/8
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Drawing on a multitude of data sets and building on analyses carried out over more than a decade, this book offers a major new theoretical explanation of how ordinary citizens figure out what they favour and oppose politically. Reacting against the conventional wisdom, which stresses how little attention the general public pays to political issues and the lack of consistency in their opinions, the studies presented in this book redirect attention to the processes of reasoning that can be discerned when people are confronted with choices about political issues. These studies demonstrate that ordinary people are in fact capable of reasoning dependably about political issues by the use of judgmental heuristics, even if they have only a limited knowledge of politics and of specific issues.
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  • 33
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527722
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 337 pages:)
    DDC: 302.5
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    Keywords: Sozialpsychologie ; Interaktion ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Sociologists generally study macrolevel institutions and social processes with little reference to the individual. Psychologists, on the other hand, tend to study individual-level processes with little reference to society. This volume, featuring contributions from influential scholars in US social psychology, brings the link between the individual and society into focus. The chapters in the volume are distinguished by their concentration on either cognitive, affective or behavioural processes. These analyses eschew the traditional psychological approach to individual-level processes and instead offer intriguing accounts of how thought, emotion and action are embedded in social context and are central to the dynamic between self and society. Together, the 14 chapters present a synthesis of theory and research that are a major force in stimulating and influencing investigations of the link between the individual and the larger society.
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  • 34
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511565533
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 290 pages)
    DDC: 304.5
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    Abstract: This innovative book challenges the perceived view, based largely on long observation of artificially-fed chimpanzees in Gombe and Mahale National Parks, Tanzania, of the typical social behaviour of chimpanzees as aggressive, dominance seeking, and fiercely territorial. In polar opposition, all reports from naturalistic (non-feeding) field studies are of non-aggressive chimpanzees living peacefully in non-hierarchical groups, on home ranges open to all. These reports have been ignored and downgraded by most of the scientific community. By utilising the data from these studies the author is able to construct a model of an egalitarian form of social organisation, based on a fluid role relationship of mutual dependence between many charismatic chimpanzees of both sexes and other more dependent members. This highly and necessarily positive mutual dependence system is characteristic of both (undisturbed) chimpanzees and (undisturbed) humans who live by the 'immediate-return' foraging system.
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  • 35
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527715
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 332 pages)
    Series Statement: Studies in emotion and social interaction. Second series
    DDC: 155.8/09598
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    Keywords: Syair Perang Siak ; Kulturvergleich ; Ethnopsychologie ; Gefühl ; Indonesien
    Abstract: In this book, Karl G. Heider studies the cultural constructions of emotions, examining how different cultures shape ideas and talk about emotion. The main subjects of the study are the Minangkabau, a matrilineal Muslim culture of three million people in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Comparative data come from the Central Javanese, also of Indonesia and reference is made to studies of American emotions. The Minangkabau have two different 'cultures of emotion', used depending on whether they are speaking their own regional language or the national language. And the Central Javanese have yet another culture of emotion when they are speaking the 'same' national language. Landscapes of Emotion will appeal to a range of readers in anthropology, psychology, sociology and Asian studies who want to understand how different cultures shape emotion.
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  • 36
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511527647
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 312 pages)
    DDC: 305.23/5
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    Keywords: Längsschnittuntersuchung ; Abweichendes Verhalten ; Jugend ; Jugendpsychologie ; USA
    Abstract: Beyond Adolescence traces the lives of adolescents and youth from the late 1960s into the late seventies and early eighties. It is unusual because of the period of time in which the study took place, as well as because of the portion of the lifespan it covers - early adulthood. Concerned with understanding the role of problem behaviour in young adulthood and the factors that influence it, the study also traces outcomes on young adulthood of earlier involvements in problem behaviour, with an emphasis on personality and social environment. The research extends and tests the theoretical framework that guided the study - Problem Behaviour Theory - and shows its usefulness for understanding young adult problem behaviour and development.
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  • 37
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511529696
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 275 pages)
    DDC: 302/.01/8
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    Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: In the observational study of social systems, the major conceptual innovation of the last century was General Systems Theory. Yet the General Systems Theory conceptions of interacting social systems were doomed to remain at the prescientific level of metaphor until a set of statistical techniques were developed and applied. These techniques have come to be known as sequential analysis. Sequential analysis has as its first objective the detection of recurring sequential patterns in a stream of coding categories describing social interaction. These techniques can be employed to study the repertoires of individuals.
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  • 38
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511663956
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 167 pages)
    DDC: 306.4/4
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    Keywords: Kind ; Entwicklung ; Kommunikative Kompetenz ; Sozialisation ; Konversation ; Psycholinguistik
    Abstract: This book provides insight into the development of the child's ability to become a competent participant in conversation. It follows efforts to apply the insights of pragmatic philosophers of language to the psychology of language development, and holds that the meaning of a communication is embedded in social life. Language use and social function are thus closely intertwined. The author combines a pragmatic analysis of the functions language can perform with an innovative empirical investigation of the development of young children's language use and sociocognitive skills. She gives a detailed description of the development of children's language between the ages of three and a half and seven, broadens the scope of theorizing about language development by placing it in relation to the development of social understanding speech problems and designing ways to solve them. As a result, a strong link between language, sociocognitive development and social development is discovered. It will be welcomed by child language specialists, developmental and social psychologists, conversation and discourse analysts, and their advanced students.
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  • 39
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511607691
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 174 pages)
    Series Statement: Themes in the social sciences
    DDC: 303.3/72
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    Abstract: If faraway peoples have different ideas from our own, is this because they have different mentalities? Did our remote ancestors lack logic? The notion of distinct mentalities has been used extensively by historians to describe and explain cultural diversity. Professor Lloyd rejects this psychologising talk of mentalities and proposes an alternative approach, which takes as its starting point the social contexts of communication. Discussing apparently irrational beliefs and behaviour (such as magic), he shows how different forms of thought coexist in a single culture but within conventionally defined contexts.
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  • 40
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511571237
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxviii, 351 pages)
    Series Statement: Environment and behavior series
    DDC: 304.2
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    Keywords: Territorialverhalten ; Umweltpsychologie ; Mensch ; Kleingruppe ; Individuum ; Einführung ; Einführung
    Abstract: 'Territorial functioning' refers to an interlocked system of sentiments, cognitions, and behaviors that are highly place-specific, and socially and culturally determined and maintaining. In this book, Ralph Taylor explores the consequences of human territorial functioning for individuals, small groups, and the ecological systems in which they operate. His exploration is illuminated by his evolutionary perspective, and grounded in empirical studies by social scientists and in theoretical work on the evolution of social and spatial behaviors. He systematically reviews the related research and theory, and indicates the importance of territorial functioning to current social and environmental problems. Contrary to popular wisdom, he argues that territorial functioning is relevant only to limited locations, such as street blocks, and not to neighborhoods or nation states, and that it reduces conflicts and helps maintain settings and groups. His theoretically focused examination of all that has been discovered about human territorial functioning will interest a wide variety of environmental psychologists and designers, urban sociologists, social psychologists, planners, and ethologists, and their students.
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  • 41
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511663949
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 259 pages)
    Series Statement: Human development in cultural and historical contexts
    DDC: 303.3/2
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    Keywords: Psychosoziale Entwicklung ; Persönlichkeitsentwicklung ; Kinderpsychologie ; Entwicklungspsychologie ; Milieu ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Social changes, including women's entry into the labour force and higher rates of divorce and remarriage, dramatically altered family life and raised complex questions about how individuals develop in the ever changing contexts of family, community and society. The goal of this 1989 volume is to enhance our understanding of human development in an evolving social context. Featuring contributions by eminent scholars in developmental, clinical and personality psychology, behavioural genetics and sociology, Persons in Context: Developmental Processes presents advances in theory and research on two central topics: how environments influence individuals in the course of development and how individuals select and shape the very environments that influence their development. The volume assembles a theoretically convergent body of research on how individuals and environments are linked in the course of development, including studies of genetics - environment relations, social interns, social interchanges in family systems, and linkages between the family and other major settings, such as peer groups, communities, and the larger social structure.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558290
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 400 pages)
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Kognition ; Soziale Wahrnehmung ; Sozialpsychologie ; Theorie ; Einführung ; Einführung
    Abstract: Written principally for students at the intermediate level, this text provides a broad critical review of the various empirical and theoretical traditions from which contemporary social psychology derives and, as the subtitle implies, offers balanced (though necessarily selective) insights into the perspectives that different researchers have adopted. It derives from J. Richard Eiser's previous textbook, Cognitive social psychology, which has been thoroughly revised and reorganized, incorporating fresh material that reflects the changes that have been taking place in the field since the beginning of the decade. The approach is broadly cognitive, though by no means narrowly so, the three main parts - 'Attitudes', 'Judgement and Interference' and 'Identity and Interaction' - indicating the principal emphases. Although it is North American research that has made the greatest contribution to our understanding of social behaviour, significant European work is not neglected in Richard Eiser's exposition. It is this awareness of the dynamism of the field and of the cross-fertilization taking place between different disciplines that gives this text its distinctive flavour and attraction for students and professionals alike.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511598418
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 438 pages)
    DDC: 302.5
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    Abstract: The relation between individual and collective processes is central to the social sciences, yet difficult to conceptualize because of the necessity of crossing disciplinary boundaries. The result is that researchers in different disciplines construct their own implicit, and often unsatisfactory, models of either individual or collective phenomena, which in turn influence their theoretical and empirical work. In this 1985 book, Drew Westen attempts to cross these boundaries, proposing an interdisciplinary approach to personality, to culture, and to the relation between the two. Throughout the book, Westen provides reviews of a variety of fields, including personality theory, moral development, ego development, and culture theory. His book will appeal to students and scholars in all the social sciences, as well as to any reader concerned with understanding the relation between individuals and the world in which they live.
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  • 44
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    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558283
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 453 Seiten)
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Soziale Situation ; Sozialpsychologie
    Abstract: This book not only documents the authors' own studies of real life social situations, but also provides an extensive review of other literature in this field. Michael Argyle and his colleagues are particularly concerned with the practical applications of situational analysis - to social skills training, mental health and deviance, intergroup behaviour, personnel selection and consumer research. In addition, by concentrating on situational variables, the volume makes an important contribution to the study of personality, since personality-situational interaction is at least as important in determining behaviour as are general personality traits. During recent years there has been extensive criticism of the conduct of research in social psychology. Social Situations points the way forward to a resolution of the crisis in the discipline. It marks an important advance in our understanding of social behaviour which will interest social and clinical psychologists and sociologists.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis Seite 401-440 , Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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