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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (147)
  • HU Berlin
  • 2005-2009  (43)
  • 1975-1979  (104)
  • Boston, MA : Springer US
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9780387875392
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 258p. 50 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Educating the Young Child 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Making meaning
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    Keywords: Early childhood education ; Education ; Early childhood education ; Education ; Vorschulerziehung
    Abstract: Presents a synthesis of theory, research, and practice that presents art as a meaning making process. This title includes chapters that integrate theory and research with stories of how professionals from various fields have transcended disciplinary boundaries to engage the arts as a meaning-making process for young children and for themselves
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9780387848532
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Medicine ; Life sciences ; Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Education ; Life sciences ; Medicine ; Science Study and teaching
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9780387094434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Handbook of blended shore education
    Keywords: Comparative education ; Education ; Comparative education ; Education ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387733173
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (Approx. 1200 p. (in 2 volumes, not available separately), digital)
    Series Statement: Springer International Handbooks of Education 21
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. International handbook of research on teachers and teaching
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    Keywords: Curriculum planning ; Education ; Curriculum planning ; Education
    Abstract: The International Handbook of Research on Teachers and Teaching provides a fresh look at the ever changing nature of the teaching profession throughout the world. This collection of over 70 original articles addresses a wide range of issues that are relevant for understanding the present educational climate in which the accountability of teachers and the standardized testing of students have become dominant. The international collection of authors brings to the handbook a breadth of knowledge and experience about the teaching profession and a wealth of material across a number of comparative dimensions, such as between developed and developing countries and between Eastern and Western cultures. In addition, many articles address the emerging challenges to education and to the lives of teachers which are brought about by the globalization trends of the 21st Century.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: New Perspectives On Teachers And Teaching; Teachers in History; Trends in Research on Teaching: an Historical and Critical Overview; Teacher Research and Teacher as Researcher; The Dissemination of Knowledge about Research on Teachers, to the Teachers; Social Science Theories on Teachers, Teaching, and Educational Systems; Developments in Quantitative Methods in Research Into Teachers and Teaching; Teacher Preparation Programs; Teacher Certification and Credentials: From a Focus On Qualification to a Commitment to Performance
    Description / Table of Contents: The Continuing Education of Teachers: In-Service Training and WorkshopsThe Role of Mentors of Preservice and Inservice Teachers; The Lifelong Learning Issue: The Knowledge Base Under Professional Development?; The Status and Prestige of Teachers and Teaching; The Political Orientations of Teachers; Dimensions of Quality in Teacher Knowledge; Teachers' Values in the Classroom; Footnotes to Teacher Leadership; Sex Segregation and Tokenism among Teachers; The Classroom as an Arena of Teachers' Work; Teachers and Democratic Schooling; Teachers and Parents; Teacher Commitment
    Description / Table of Contents: Teachers' Beliefs about Student Learning and MotivationTeachers and the Politics of History School Textbooks; Teachers' Emotion Regulation; Principal and Teachers Relations: Trust at the Core of School Improvement; Teacher Misbehaviour; School Administrator Mistreatment of Teachers; Tracking Teachers; Teachers' Work, Power and Authority; Teachers as Professionals: Salaries, Benefits and Unions; Creating Productive Learning Environments in Culturally Pluralistic Classrooms; Justice in Teaching; Ethics and Teaching; Teacher Expectations and Labeling; Teacher-Student Interaction
    Description / Table of Contents: Assessment and ExaminationsClassroom Management; Teachers as Role Models; Teaching in a Multicultural Classroom; Teaching in Large and Small Classes; Teaching and Learning in the Ict Environment; Effective Teaching: an Emerging Synthesis; Teaching and Nonverbal Behavior in the Classroom; Keeping Track or Getting Offtrack: Issues in the Tracking Of Students; High Stakes Testing and Teaching to the Test; Value-Added Models of Teacher Effects; Teachers and Teaching During Educational Restructuring and Reforms; Grade Retention Redux: A Dissenting Perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: Teachers and Teaching in an Era Of Heightened School Accountability: A Forward Look
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US | [Heidelberg] : Springer
    ISBN: 9780387711430
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Springer Studies in Work and Industry
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social Sciences ; Sociology
    Abstract: The New York City public school system has fundamentally changed its governance four times during the past years. This work presents an analysis of the political and organizational dynamics of Mayor Bloomberg's and Chancellor Klein's mode of governance and of how their management style has shaped this school system's design and implementation
    Description / Table of Contents: Why Past Reforms Failed; Framework for Assessing Mayoral Control; Bloomberg Assumes Mayoral Control; Vision for the Transformation; Strategy; Implementation; Critical Issues for the Future;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (275 S.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Keywords: Applied psychology ; Consciousness ; Public health ; Quality of Life ; Sociology ; Quality of Life ; Social sciences
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387711430
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Series Statement: Springer Studies in Work and Industry
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social Sciences, general ; Sociology
    Note: In: Springer-Online
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9780387096698
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Mathematics Teacher Education 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Tasks in Primary Mathematics Teacher Education
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    Keywords: Mathematics ; Teachers Training of ; Education ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Wissenschaftstheorie
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781441904133
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 333p. 30 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Drennan, Robert D., 1947 - Statistics for Archaeologists
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Statistics ; Archaeology ; Social Sciences ; Einführung ; Archäologie ; Statistik
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9780387098296
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Science Study and teaching ; Education, Higher ; Education
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387959016
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 296p. 294 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Agrawal, Abha, 1968 - EndNote 1-2-3 easy!
    DDC: 650
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    Keywords: Medicine ; Information systems ; Life sciences ; Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Education ; Information systems ; Life sciences ; Medicine ; Science Study and teaching ; Medizin ; Wissenschaftliches Manuskript ; Fußnote ; Medizin ; Literaturverwaltung
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9780387772349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 176p, digital)
    Series Statement: Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Series 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Interactive artifacts and furniture supporting collaborative work and learning
    DDC: 371.33
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Architectural design ; Education
    URL: Cover
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9780387096018
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: New ICMI Study Series 11
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The professional education and development of teachers of mathematics
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Mathematiklehrer ; Lehrerbildung ; Ausbildung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Mathematiklehrer ; Mathematikunterricht
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387485768
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Language Policy 9
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Zhao, Shouhui Planning Chinese characters
    Keywords: Applied linguistics ; Chinese language ; Language and languages ; Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Applied linguistics ; Chinese language ; Language and languages ; Language policy China ; Chinese language Transliteration ; Chinese language Reform ; Chinese language Data processing ; Chinese characters Data processing ; China ; Schrift ; Entwicklung ; China ; Sprachpolitik ; Chinesisch ; Soziolinguistik
    Abstract: This book presents the most comprehensive synthesis and analysis of major developments in reforming programs in modernizing the Chinese writing system. It traces the language policy and planning related developments for Chinese characters, with particular emphasis on post-1950 period in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the more recent challenges that technology, and particularly the World Wide Web, have posed for the language.
    Abstract: The barriers to growth and spread of the Chinese language are very different for spoken and written Chinese, and this monograph focuses on the written variety. It traces the language policy and planning related developments for Chinese characters, with particular emphasis on post-1950 period in the People s Republic of China (PRC) and the more recent challenges that technology, and particularly the World Wide Web, have posed for the language. While Chinese language policy and planning developments can generally be characterized as evolutionary, currently there are forces, both reactionary, i.e. elements of traditional language and cultural purism, and revolutionary, i.e. alphabetic or radical simplification schemes, at work in the PRC. The volume examines this linguistic, cultural, political, economic debate, the outcome of which could determine whether Chinese reaches its international language potential, and explores some possible language policy and planning directions for the future. Given the importance of China and potential of the Chinese language, understanding of these issues is critical for not only our understanding of China, but for second language policy as it relates to Chinese around the world.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Prologue; Making Hanzi Accessible; Reflections on New Perspectives; New Challenges for a Digital Society; Standardization as a Solution; Influencing Outcomes; Envisioning the Future; Some Critical Issues; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9780387733159
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Springer International Handbook of Information Technology in Primary and Secondary Education 20
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. International handbook of information technology in primary and secondary education
    Keywords: Education ; Education, Elementary Data processing ; Education, Secondary Data processing ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lehrmittel ; Neue Medien
    Abstract: Currently not available, will follow before Dec 30.
    Abstract: Offers research in IT and the learning process, distance learning, and emerging technologies for education. This title contains chapters addressing the critical issue of the potential for IT to improve K-12 education. It deals with the implementation of IT in educational practice
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
    URL: Cover
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387371436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Mathematics Teacher Education 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Nardi, Elena Amongst mathematicians
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    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Mathematics ; Mathematics Study and teaching (Higher) ; Mathematikunterricht ; Hochschuldidaktik ; Mathematikunterricht ; Hochschuldidaktik
    Abstract: Background And Context -- Method, Process And Presentation -- The Encounter With Formal Mathematical Reasoning: Conceptualising Its Significance And Enacting Its Techniques -- Mediating Mathematical Meaning Through Symbolisation, Verbalisation and Visualisation -- The Encounter With the Concept Of Function -- The Encounter With the Concept Of Limit -- Undergraduate Mathematics Pedagogy -- Fragile, yet Crucial: The Relationship Between Mathematicians and Researchers in Mathematics Education
    Abstract: Amongst Mathematicians offers a unique perspective on the ways in which mathematicians perceive their students' learning, teach and reflect on their teaching practice; also on how they perceive the often fragile relationship between the communities of mathematics and mathematics education. Elena Nardi employs two fictional, yet entirely data-grounded, characters to create a conversation on these important issues. While personas are created, the facts incorporated into their stories are based on large bodies of data including intense focused group interviews with mathematicians and extensive analyses of students' written work. This book demonstrates the pedagogical potential that lies in collaborative undergraduate mathematics education research that engages mathematicians, researchers and students. Nardi also addresses the need for action in undergraduate mathematics education and offers a discourse for reform through demonstrating the feasibility and potential of collaboration between mathematicians and mathematics education researchers. Amongst Mathematicians is of interest to both the mathematics and mathematics education communities including university teachers, teacher educators, undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387749808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Literacy Studies 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Brain research in language
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    Keywords: Language and languages ; Consciousness ; Education ; Neurology ; Neurolinguistics ; Reading Physiological aspects ; Brain Imaging ; Neurolinguistik
    Abstract: The Use of EEG-ERP in Written Language Research: A review -- Electrophysiological Correlates of Visual Word Recognition in the Hemispheres -- Mapping the Development of Coarse Visual Tuning for Print -- Auditory Mismatch Failure in Infants at Risk for Dyslexia -- The Relationship between Brainstem Dysfunction and the Development of Early Communication Skills in Premature Infants -- The Contribution of EEG-ERP Measures to Our Understanding of Brain Asynchrony in Dyslexia -- Dyslexia and the Failure in Forming Memory Traces -- Speech and Language Processing: How Special Is It? -- Electrical Revelations of Linguistic Knowledge and Expectations -- Brain Waves are Stethescopes: ERP Correlates of Novel Metaphor Comprehension -- Syntactic Processing in Two Languages and Bilingual Adult Readers: An ERP Study -- Rapid Serial Stimulus Presentation and ERP-Analysis, Including Source Localization, in the Frequency Domain -- Overlapping Tasks Methodology as a Tool for Investigating Language Perception -- The Correlation Based Model: An Alternative System for Analyzing ERP Data in Cognitive Research -- Connectivity-Coherence Analysis: Large Scale Neuronal Coordination in Reading: A Comparison between Regular and Dyslexic Readers -- Estimation of Electrical Brain Activity Sources During Lexical Decision Using LORETA: A Comparison of Dyslexic and Regular Readers -- Combining Event-Related Potentials and Eyes Movement in Reading Research -- An ERP Study Comparing German and English -- An ERP Study Comparing Hebrew and English -- An ERP Study comparing Russian, Hebrew and English -- An ERP Study Comparing Arabic and English -- The use of fMRI and ERP in Language Research: Time and Location -- Discussions and Conclusions
    Abstract: Brain Research in Language addresses important neurological issues involved in reading. The reading process is a highly composite cognitive task, which relies on brain systems that were originally devoted to other functions. The majority of studies in this area have implemented behavioral methodologies, which provide information concerning the entire cognitive sequence at the conclusion of processing only, in the reader’s output. However, these measures cannot specify all of the covert component operations that contribute to reading, nor can they determine the relative processing times required by the individual stages. Furthermore, they cannot determine which processes occur serially, which occur in parallel and which overlap in time (Brandeis & Lehmann, 1994; Johnson, 1995). Recent advancements in the field of neuroscience and cognitive development, however, have added a new dimension with regard to the research into the universal and domain specific aspects of reading with the advent of innovative neurophysiological measurement techniques. The most common are electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These two methods provide researchers with the opportunity to examine, in-depth, the neural correlates of the reading processing with precise temporal and spatial resolutions, respectively. This book presents data obtained from various studies employing behavioral, electrophysiological and imaging methodologies in different languages focusing on the regular reading process and the dyslexic population. Educators and researchers within neuroscience, literacy, and special education will benefit from Brain Research in Language
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9780387096735
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Geometry ; Mathematics ; Education
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9780387768984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Understanding models for learning and instruction
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    Keywords: Mathematics ; Consciousness ; Education ; Instrumental systems Design ; Learning, Psychology of ; Teaching ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lernen ; Lernforschung ; Lernpsychologie ; Kognitionswissenschaft
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9780387719436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Latinas/os in the United States
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    Keywords: Sociology ; Applied psychology ; Social Sciences, general ; USA ; Lateinamerikanischer Einwanderer ; Hispanos ; Ethnische Identität ; Soziale Situation ; USA ; Multikulturelle Gesellschaft
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9780387483030
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 682 S., 169 illus., digital)
    Series Statement: Interdisciplinary contributions to archaeology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The taking and displaying of human body parts as trophies by Amerindians
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Regional planning ; Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Regional planning ; Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Scalping ; Military trophies America ; Altamerika ; Mensch ; Trophäe ; Altamerika ; Mensch ; Trophäe
    Abstract: The Amerindian (American Indian or Native American - reference to both North and South America) practice of taking and displaying various body parts as trophies has long intrigued both the research community as well as the public. As a subject that is both controversial and politically charged, it has also come under attack as a European colonists' perspective intended to denigrate native peoples. What this collection demonstrates is that the practice of trophy-taking predates European contact in the Americas but was also practiced in other parts of the world (Europe, Africa, Asia) and has been practiced prehistorically, historically and up to and including the twentieth century. This edited volume mainly focuses on this practice in both North and South America. The editors and contributors (which include Native Peoples from both continents) examine the evidence and causes of Amerindian trophy taking as reflected in osteological, archaeological, ethnohistoric and ethnographic accounts. Additionally, they present objectively and discuss dispassionately the topic of human proclivity toward ritual violence.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; PART I. NORTH AMERICA; Introduction; 1. Introduction to Human Trophy Taking: An Ancient and Widespread Practice; 2. Heads, Women, and the Baubles of Prestige: Trophies of War in the Arctic and Subarctic; 3. Human Trophy Taking on the Northwest Coast: An Ethnohistorical Perspective; 4. Ethnographic and Linguistic Evidence for the Origins of Human Trophy Taking in California; 5. Head Trophies and Scalping: Images in Southwest Rock Art; 6. Human Finger and Hand Bone Necklaces from the Plains and Great Basin; 7. Predatory War and Hopewell Trophies
    Description / Table of Contents: 8. "Otinontsiskiaj ondaon" ("The House of Cut-Off Heads"): The History and Archaeology of Northern Iroquoian Trophy Taking9. Human Trophy Taking in Eastern North America During the Archaic Period: The Relationship to Warfare and Social Complexity; 10. Severed Heads and Sacred Scalplocks: Mississippian Iconographic Trophies; 11. Disabling the Dead: Human Trophy Taking in the Prehistoric Southeast; 12. Trophy Taking in the Central and Lower Mississippi Valley; PART II: LATIN AMERICA; Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 13. Captive Sacrifice and Trophy Taking Among the Ancient Maya: An Evaluation of the Bioarchaeological Evidence and Its Sociopolitical Implications14. The Divine Gourd Tree: Tzompantli Skull Racks, Decapitation Rituals, and Human Trophies in Ancient Mesoamerica; 15. Sorcery and the Taking of Trophy Heads in Ancient Costa Rica; 16. From Corporeality to Sanctity: Transforming Bodies into Trophy Heads in the Pre-Hispanic Andes; 17. Human Trophies in the Late Pre-Hispanic Andes: Striving for Status and Maintaining Power Among the Incas and Other Societies
    Description / Table of Contents: 18. Seeking the Headhunter's Power: The Quest for Arutam Among the Achuar of the Ecuadorian Amazon and the Development of Ranked Societies19. "Handsome Death": The Taking, Veneration, and Consumption of Human Remains in the Insular Caribbean and Greater Amazonia; 20. Human Trophy Taking in the South American Gran Chaco; 21. Ethics and Ethnocentricity in Interpretation and Critique: Challenges to the Anthropology of Corporeality and Death; 22. Supplemental Data on Amerindian Trophy Taking; 23. Conclusions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387463018
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 1242 p. (in 2 volumes, not available separately), digital)
    Series Statement: Springer International Handbooks of Education 15
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. International handbook of English language teaching
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    Keywords: Language and languages ; Educational tests and measurements ; Education ; English language Study and teaching ; Foreign speakers ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Englisch ; Sprachunterricht
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9780387327624
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 273 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Seeking a richer harvest
    Keywords: Ecology ; Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Social Sciences, general ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Indianer ; Landwirtschaftsentwicklung ; Intensivlandwirtschaft ; Vor- und Frühgeschichte
    Abstract: Subsistence intensification, innovation and change have long figured prominently in explanations for the development of social complexity among foragers and horticulturalists. This set of global case studies re-examines the 'subsistence question' in light of recent research. It contrasts traditional approaches with recent archaeological research that presents human driven strategies for power, prestige, and status as causes of subsistence intensification.
    Abstract: "Subsistence intensification, innovation and change have long figured prominently in explanations for the development of social complexity among foragers and horticulturalists, and the rise of chiefly societies and archaic states, yet there is considerable debate over the actual mechanisms that promote these processes. Traditional approaches to the ""intensification question"" emphasize population pressure, climate change, bureaucratic management, or even land degradation as prerequisites for the onset of new or changing strategies, or the construction and maintenance of agricultural landscapes. Most often these factors are modeled as external forces outside the realm of human decision-making, but recent archaeological research presents an alternative to this suggesting that subsistence intensification is the result of human driven strategies for power, prestige and status stemming from internal conditions within a group. When responding to environmental adversity, human groups were less frequently the victims, as they have been repeatedly portrayed. Instead human groups were often vigorous actors, responding with resilience, ingenuity, and planning, to flourish or survive within dynamic and sometimes unpredictable social and natural milieux."
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9780387370644
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 227 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Educational Linguistics 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Jaatinen, Riitta Learning languages, learning life skills
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    Keywords: Sociolinguistics ; Language and languages ; Teachers Training of ; Education ; Fremdsprachenlernen
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9780387246611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 332 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Interdisciplinary Contributions To Archaeology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Transitions before the transition
    Keywords: Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Social Sciences, general ; Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mesolithikum ; Evolution ; Mesolithikum ; Evolution
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Two symposia "The Middle Paleolithic: climbing uphill slowly or going nowhere fast?" and "Stability and change in the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age" were held in Denver during the 2002 meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Twenty-four papers were presented in the two symposia. This volume came from the symposia--Pref
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387289403
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 523 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Andean archaeology ; 3: North and South
    Keywords: Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Social Sciences, general ; Anthropology ; Archaeology
    Abstract: The third volume in the Andean Archaeology series, this book focuses on the marked cultural differences between the northern and southern regions of the Central Andes, and considers the conditions under which these differences evolved, grew pronounced, and diminished. This book continues the dynamic, current problem-oriented approach to the field of Andean Archaeology that began with Andean Archaeology I and Andean Archaeology II. Combines up-to-date research, diverse theoretical platforms, and far-reaching interpretations to draw provocative and thoughtful conclusions.
    Abstract: Focuses on the cultural differences between the northern and southern regions of the Central Andes with particular attention to the genesis, and evolution, of regional differences. This book also considers the conditions under which these differences evolved, grew pronounced, and diminished
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Regional Patterns; Introduction; America's First City? The Case of Late Archaic Caral; Religious Warfare at Chankillo; The Vicús-Mochica Relationship; Competitive Feasting, Religious Pluralism and Decentralized Power in the Late Moche Period; Northern Exposures: Recuay-Cajamarca Boundaries and Interaction; Chimu Craft Specialization and Political Economy: A View from the Provinces; Introduction; Early Village Society in the Formative Period in the Southern Lake Titicaca Basin; The Emergence of Complex Society in the Titicaca Basin: The View from the North
    Description / Table of Contents: Redefining Plant Use at the Formative Site of Chiripa in the Southern Titicaca BasinRitual and Society in Early Intermediate Period Ayacucho: A View From the Site of Ñawinpukyo; Missing Links, Imaginary Links: Staff God Imagery in the South Andean Past; Water, Blood and Semen: Signs of Life and Fertility in Nasca Art; Burial Patterns and Sociopolitical Organization in Nasca 5 Society; When and Where Did the Nasca Proliferous Style Emerge?; Violence and Rural Lifeways at Two Peripheral Wari Sites in the Majes Valley of Southern Peru; Suspension Bridges of the Inca Empire
    Description / Table of Contents: Rethinking the Central Andean Co-TraditionBack Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387251547
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 197 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Clinical Sociology: Research and Practice
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Coughlan, Reed Bosnian refugees in America
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science ; Social work ; Sociology ; Social Sciences, general
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9780387327723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 280 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Solidarity and prosocial behavior
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sociology ; Social Sciences, general ; Psychosoziologie ; Prosoziales Verhalten ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Psychosoziologie ; Prosoziales Verhalten
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9780387336008
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 198 p, digital)
    Series Statement: The Springer Series in Underwater Archaeology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Dellino-Musgrave, Virginia E. Maritime Archaeology and Social Relations
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Social Sciences ; Großbritannien ; Seeschifffahrt ; Funde ; Unterwasserarchäologie ; Südliche Hemisphäre ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    URL: Cover
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387282954
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 190 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Haldane, J. B. S ; Science (General) ; Science, general ; Science, general ; Science. ; Evolution, Molecular ; Malaria prevention & control ; Malaria genetics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Forschung ; Malaria ; Forschung ; Antimalariamittel
    Abstract: "This book is an edited collection of papers by leading experts on the population genetics and evolutionary biology of malaria, a disease which results in three million deaths each year in the world. ""Malaria Hypothesis"" refers to the hypothesis, which was proposed by J.B.S. Haldane at the 8th International Congress of Genetics in Stockholm in 1948, that the identical geographic distribution of both falciparum malaria and thalassemia in the mediterranean region suggests that the heterozygous individuals for thalassemia (or microcythemia as it was called then) might have greater resistance to malarial infection. Haldane, later in the same year, expanded his theory to infectious disease in general at another international conference, at Pallanza in Italy. Haldane's hypothesis was subsequently confirmed in the African populations by A.C. Allison and later by others during the last fifty years, although at first for sickle cell anemia and later for thalassemia with varying degrees of success. The malaria hypothesis still remains today a unique example of that kind of balanced polymorphism, not only in genetics but in all of biology. It opened up new insights into our perspective of the genetics and population dynamics of disease prevalence, particularly infectious disease."
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; J.B.S. Haldane (1892-1964); Removal of Early Parasite Forms from Circulation as a Mechanism of Resistance Against Malaria in Widespread Red Blood Cell Mutations; Clinical, Epidemiological, and Genetic Investigations on Thalassemia and Malaria in Italy; Resistance to Antimalarial Drugs: Parasite and Host Genetic Factors; Evolutionary Origins of Human Malaria Parasites; Vector Genetics in Malaria Control; The Rate of Mutations of Human Genes; Disease and Evolution
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Originally conceived at a conference at the University of Turin in Italy, organized in part to pay tribute to J.B.S. Haldane
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387354279
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 289p, digital)
    Edition: Second Edition
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Boss, Jeremy M. Academic scientists at work
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Medicine ; Life sciences
    Abstract: The Starting Gate -- Gettin’ a Job -- Gettin’ Started -- Gettin’ Money -- Managing Your Laboratory -- Faculty Citizenship -- Down the Stretch -- Being a Scholar -- Being a Teacher -- Mentoring 1 - On - 1 -- Academic Service -- The Finish Line -- Promotion and Tenure -- Survey Says .. -- The Extras Section (Daily Double) -- The Extras Section (Daily Double)
    Abstract: Academic Scientists at Work, 2nd Edition Jeremy M. Boss & Susan H. Eckert Academic Scientists at Work guides the scientist on the journey from the end of a postdoctoral career to the point of promotion to Associate Professor. This book focuses on the three aspects of promotion in an academic setting: Scholarship, Teaching, and Service. Valuable advice is provided on the following topics: Choosing and landing your ideal academic job Setting up and effectively managing the lab Obtaining funds Organizing, writing, and publishing your science Teaching and mentoring Organizing and performing academic service The promotion and tenure process Templates and worksheets designed to help you navigate your career with point-by-point instructions on how to complete them are provided. In addition to updating the contents of the previous version, this second edition includes a dozen articles written by the authors on managing your career that first appeared in Science's Next Wave. Academic Scientists at Work is a valuable resource for the career scientist who demands and expects the best. Jeremy M. Boss’s career spans scholarship, teaching, and service. Dr. Boss is an author of more than 85 published research articles and a recipient of federal research grants for 18 years. Dr. Boss has taught in a variety of immunology and genetics related graduate school courses, served on over 70 Ph.D. thesis committees, and is the current Director of Emory University's graduate program in Genetics and Molecular Biology. Dr. Boss joined the faculty of Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology in 1986, where he has been a Professor since 1997. Susan H. Eckert is a university health sciences administrator and faculty advocate. The focus of Dr. Eckert’s doctoral research and continuing interest is leadership issues that affect faculty development in research intensive universities. Dr. Eckert is Associate Dean for Administration at the Emory University School of Nursing. She received her Ph.D. in higher education policy in 1995 from Georgia State University
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9780387342191
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 235 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Between dirt and discussion
    Keywords: Archaeology ; Social Sciences, general ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Archäologie ; Methode
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9780387275895
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 370 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Rescuing the Enlightenment from itself
    Keywords: Social policy ; Social sciences ; Political science ; Social Sciences, general ; Churchman, Charles West 1913-2004 ; Systemtheorie ; Internationale Politik ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit
    Abstract: Rescuing the Enlightenment from Itself: Critical and Systemic Implications for Democracy presents papers that make the case that good governance is about thinking and practice that can lead to a better balance of social, cultural, political, economic and environmental concerns to ensure a sustainable future for ourselves and for future generations. The work is inspired by the thinking of C. West Churchman and forms the first volume in a new series: C. West Churchman's Legacy and Related Works. The book features contributions from a range of invited authors including Russell L. Ackoff, Ken Bausch, John van Gigch and Norma Romm. The volume is aimed at academics, post-graduate students and members of professional associations working in the fields of systems sciences, public policy and management, politics, and international relations.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9780387284613
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 259 p. 60 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Landscapes under pressure
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    Keywords: Landscape ecology ; Archaeology ; Social Sciences, general ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kulturlandschaft ; Kulturerbe
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9780306485398
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 223 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Global Historical Archaeology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    DDC: 968.257
    RVK:
    Keywords: Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Social Sciences, general ; Kapprovinz Südwest ; Kolonie ; Kultur ; Ausgrabung
    Abstract: Gavin Lucas
    Abstract: This book examines how colonial identities were constructed in the Cape Colony of South Africa since its establishment in the 17thcentury up to the 20thcentury. It is an explicitly archaeological approach but which also draws more widely on documentary material to examine how different people in the colony from settler to slave constructed identities through material culture. The book explores three key groups: The Dutch East India Company, the free settlers and the slaves, through a number of archaeological sites and contexts. With the archaeological evidence, the book examines how these different groups were enmeshed within racial, sexual, and class ideologies in the broader context of capitalism and colonialism, and draws extensively on current social theory, in particular post-colonialism, feminism and Marxism. This book is aimed primarily at archaeologists, but will also attract historians and those interested in cultural theory and material culture studies. Specifically, historical archaeologists and students of historical archaeology will be the primary readership and buyers.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387364247
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 588 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Handbook of the sociology of education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbook of the sociology of education
    Parallel Title: Print version Handbook of the Sociology of Education
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Sciences, general ; Sociology ; Education. ; Education (general) ; Social Sciences, general ; Sociology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Pädagogische Soziologie ; Soziologie ; Erziehung
    Abstract: Provides a comprehensive overview of the field of education as viewed from a sociological perspective. This handbook presents theoretical and empirical research on major educational issues and analyzes the social processes that govern schooling, and the role of schools in and their impact on contemporary society
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9780387304519
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 324 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Education ; Mathematics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematikunterricht ; Mathematikunterricht
    Abstract: New research in mathematics education deals with the complexity of the mathematics' classroom. The classroom teaching situation constitutes a pertinent unit of analysis for research into the ternary didactic relationship which binds teachers, students and mathematical knowledge. The classroom is considered as a complex didactic system, which offers the researcher an opportunity to gauge the boundaries of the freedom that is left with regard to choices about the knowledge to be taught and the ways of organizing the students' learning, while giveing rise to the study of interrelations between three main elements of the teaching process the: mathematical content to be taught and learned, management of the various time dimensions, and activity of the teacher who prepares and manages the class, to the benefit of the students' knowledge and the teachers' own experience. This volume, reprinted from Educational Studies in Mathematics, Volume 59, focuses on classroom situations as a unit of analysis, the work of the teacher, and is strongly anchored in original theoretical frameworks. The contributions are formulated from the perspective of one or more theoretical frameworks but they are tackled by means of empirical investigations.
    Note: "This book was reprinted from Educational studies in mathematics, volume 59, nos. 1-3, 2005 , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9780387280387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 247 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Policy challenges and political responses
    Keywords: Constitutional law ; Commercial law ; Political science ; Social Sciences, general ; Constitutional Law ; Political Science ; Commercial law ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ökonomische Theorie der Politik ; Politik ; Ökonomische Theorie der Politik ; Politik
    Abstract: In Policy Challenges and Political Responses, leading public choice scholars confront the most significant problems facing democratic societies at the dawn of the 21st century. Ranging widely across the policy spectrum, this authoritative volume demonstrates the vibrancy and continuing relevance of the public choice research program by applying its ideas and methods to constitution-making in the European Union, terrorism, the growth of government, political campaign finance, vote-counting technologies, participatory democracy, corporate governance, school choice, and tort reform. Essays assessing the present state of the social contract and the enduring tensions between capitalism, socialism, and democracy broaden the book's perspective. The distinguished list of contributors includes James Buchanan, Charles Rowley, Dennis Mueller, Todd Sandler, Randall Holcombe, Michael Munger, Thomas Stratmann, Harold Mulherin, Lawrence Kenny, and Paul Rubin. Edited by two of the editors of the journal Public Choice and as fresh as today's headlines, this volume positions the public choice literature in the context of current events and points its research agenda in new directions. It is a unique and indispensable collection of value to economists, political scientists, political philosophers, and public policymakers.
    Description / Table of Contents: Public choice in the new century; Afraid to be free: Dependency as desideratum; Fragmenting parchment and the winds of war: The Constitution of the United States, 1860-2004; Constitutional political economy in the European Union; Collective versus unilateral responses to terrorism; Government growth in the twenty-first century; Nineteenth-century voting procedures in a twenty-first century world; Some talk: Money in politics. A (partial) review of the literature; The eclipse of legislatures: Direct democracy in the 21st century
    Description / Table of Contents: Corporations, collective action and corporate governance: One size does not fit allThe public choice of educational choice; Public choice and tort reform; The unfinished business of public choice
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387231068
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 902 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Handbook of population
    DDC: 304.6
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Statistics ; Population ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology ; Social Sciences, general ; Population ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Demographie ; Bevölkerungsökonomie ; Population
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9780306480317
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 244 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: History and Philosophy of Psychology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Rediscovering the history of psychology
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Phenomenology ; Phenomenology ; Danziger Kurt ; 1926- ; Psychology History ; Psychology Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Psychologie ; Geschichte ; Historische Psychologie ; Psychologie ; Geschichte
    Abstract: Introduction. Adrian C. Brock -- Reconstructing the Subject: Kurt Danziger and the Revisionist Project in Historiographies of Psychology. Henderikus J. Stam -- In Search of Method. Johann Louw -- Controlling the Metalanguage: Authority and Acquiescence in the History of Method. Andrew S. Winston -- Paris, Leipzig, Danziger, and Beyond. Pieter J. van Strien -- Expanding the Terrain of Constructing the Subject: The Research Relationship in Interpersonal Areas of Psychology. Richard Walsh-Bowers -- On Cultural History as Transformation – or, What’s the Matter with Psychology Anyway?. Betty M. Bayer -- Wundt as an Activity/Process Theorist: An Event in the History of Psychological Thinking. Hans van Rappard -- The Missing Link of Historical Psychology. Willem van Hoorn -- De-Centering Western Perspectives: Psychology and the Disciplinary Order in the First and Third World. Irmingard Staeuble -- Concluding Comments. Kurt Danziger
    Abstract: For the last 25 years, Kurt Danziger's work has been at the center of developments in history and theory of psychology. This volume makes Danziger's work the focal point of a variety of contributions representing several active areas of research. The authors are among the leading figures in history and theory of psychology from North America, Europe and South Africa, including Danziger himself. This work will serve as a point of departure for those who wish to acquaint themselves with some of the most important issues in this field
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387237893
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 439 p., digital)
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Greil, Arthur L. Handbook of Religion and Social Institutions, edited by Helen Rose Ebaugh. New York: Springer Publishing, 439 pp.; 69.95 USD (paper), 229.00 USD (cloth) 2007
    Series Statement: Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Handbook of religion and social institutions
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    Keywords: Sociology ; Social Sciences, general ; Social institutions ; Religious institutions ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Religionssoziologie
    URL: Volltext  (Online Access)
    URL: Cover
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9780387277493
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 98p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Yang, Otto O. Guide to effective grant writing
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Teachers Training of ; Education
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9780387226880
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXXVI, 3120 p. (in 3 volumes not available separately), digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The World Trade Organization
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Commercial law ; Comparative law ; International economics ; Finance ; Law ; Aufsatzsammlung ; World Trade Organization ; Handbuch ; World Trade Organization ; Außenhandel ; Internationales Arbeitsrecht
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489960986
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 440 p) , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; International law.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489960962
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (I, 157 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Social legislation
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489960788
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 227 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Criminology
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461565611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 658 p) , online resource
    Edition: Second Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: to Ethical Theory -- Roe v. Wade -- The Wages of Crying Wolf: A Comment on Roe v. Wade -- Maher v. Roe -- Abortion and the Law -- A Defense of Abortion -- Abortion: The Avoidable Moral Dilemma -- Psychiatric Intervention -- The Myth of Mental Illness -- Mental Health and Mental Illness: Some Problems of Definition and Concept Formation -- Genetic Aspects of Schizophrenia -- Psychopathy and Moral Understanding -- Psychiatrists and the Adversary Process -- Ethics and Clinical Research -- Scientific Investigations on Man: A Medical Research Worker’s Viewpoint -- Philosophical Reflections on Experimenting with Human Subjects -- Informed (But Uneducated) Consent -- Realities of Patient Consent to Medical Research -- Ethical Issues Involved in Experimentation on the Nonviable Human Fetus -- Proxy Consent in the Experimentation Situation -- Ethical Issues Arising from the Possible Uses of Genetic Knowledge -- Implications of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Human Right to Life -- Implications of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Quality of, and Right to, Human Life: Society as a Standard -- Practical and Ethical Problems in Human Genetics -- Reproductive Rights and Genetic Disease -- On Justifications for Coercive Genetic Control -- Legal Rights and Moral Rights -- Privacy and Genetic Information -- Recombinant DNA -- The Recombinant DNA Debate -- The Ethics of Recombinant DNA Research -- The Problems in Prolongation of Life -- Active and Passive Euthanasia -- Choosing Not to Prolong Life -- The Allocation of Exotic Medical Lifesaving Therapy -- The Role of Moral Considerations in the Allocation of Exotic Medical Lifesaving Therapy -- A Statutory Definition of the Standards for Determining Human Death: An Appraisal and a Proposal -- Existentialism and the Fear of Dying -- The Belief in a Life after Death -- The Experience of Dying.
    Abstract: In the past few years, an increasing number of colleges and universities have added courses in biomedical ethics to their curricula. To some extent, these additions serve to satisfy student demands for "relevance. " But it is also true that such changes reflect a deepening desire on the part of the academic community to deal effectively with a host of problems which must be solved if we are to have a health-care delivery system which is efficient, humane, and just. To a large degree, these problems are the unique result of both rapidly changing moral values and dramatic advances in biomedical technology. The past decade has witnessed sudden and conspicuous controversy over the morality and legality of new practices relating to abortion, therapy for the mentally ill, experimentation using human subjects, forms of genetic interven­ tion, and euthanasia. Malpractice suits abound, and astronomical fees for malpractice insurance threaten the very possibility of medical and health-care practice. Without the backing of a clear moral consensus, the law is frequently forced into resolving these conflicts only to see the moral issues involved still hotly debated and the validity of the existing law further questioned. Take abortion, for example. Rather than settling the legal issue, the Supreme Court's original abortion decision in Roe v. Wade (1973), seems only to have spurred further legal debate. And of course, whether or not abortion is a mo rally ac­ ceptable procedure is still the subject of heated dispute.
    Description / Table of Contents: to Ethical TheoryRoe v. Wade -- The Wages of Crying Wolf: A Comment on Roe v. Wade -- Maher v. Roe -- Abortion and the Law -- A Defense of Abortion -- Abortion: The Avoidable Moral Dilemma -- Psychiatric Intervention -- The Myth of Mental Illness -- Mental Health and Mental Illness: Some Problems of Definition and Concept Formation -- Genetic Aspects of Schizophrenia -- Psychopathy and Moral Understanding -- Psychiatrists and the Adversary Process -- Ethics and Clinical Research -- Scientific Investigations on Man: A Medical Research Worker’s Viewpoint -- Philosophical Reflections on Experimenting with Human Subjects -- Informed (But Uneducated) Consent -- Realities of Patient Consent to Medical Research -- Ethical Issues Involved in Experimentation on the Nonviable Human Fetus -- Proxy Consent in the Experimentation Situation -- Ethical Issues Arising from the Possible Uses of Genetic Knowledge -- Implications of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Human Right to Life -- Implications of Prenatal Diagnosis for the Quality of, and Right to, Human Life: Society as a Standard -- Practical and Ethical Problems in Human Genetics -- Reproductive Rights and Genetic Disease -- On Justifications for Coercive Genetic Control -- Legal Rights and Moral Rights -- Privacy and Genetic Information -- Recombinant DNA -- The Recombinant DNA Debate -- The Ethics of Recombinant DNA Research -- The Problems in Prolongation of Life -- Active and Passive Euthanasia -- Choosing Not to Prolong Life -- The Allocation of Exotic Medical Lifesaving Therapy -- The Role of Moral Considerations in the Allocation of Exotic Medical Lifesaving Therapy -- A Statutory Definition of the Standards for Determining Human Death: An Appraisal and a Proposal -- Existentialism and the Fear of Dying -- The Belief in a Life after Death -- The Experience of Dying.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468414707
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: 3rd edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Kinetic Theory2 The Electron -- 3 Natural Radioactivity -- 4 Radioactive Series and Isotopes -- 5 The Electromagnetic Spectrum -- 6 Quantum Theory -- 7 Spectra -- 8 Fine Structure and Electron Spin -- 9 Waves and Particles -- 10 Wave Mechanics -- 11 The Vector Model of the Atom -- 12 Two-Electron Atoms - Pauli Principle -- 13 The Zeeman Effect -- 14 The Structure of the Nucleus -- 15 Properties and Uses of Natural Radioactivity -- 16 Nuclear Bombarding Experiments -- 17 The Measurement and Detection of Charged Particles -- 18 Accelerating Machines as Used in Nuclear Physics -- 19 Nuclear Models and Magic Numbers -- 20 Artificial Radioactivity -- 21 Neutron Physics -- 22 Nuclear Fission and Its Implications -- 23 The Transuranic Elements -- 24 Thermonuclear Reactions and Nuclear Fusion -- 25 Cosmic Rays -- 26 Stable and Semi-Stable Particles -- 27 Short-Lived Resonance States -- 28 Charm and All That -- Appendix A Relativity Theory -- Appendix B The Dangers of Atomic Radiations -- B.1 Introduction -- B.2 Biological Effects of Nuclear and Electromagnetic Radiations -- B.3 Maximum Permissible Radiation Levels for Safety -- B.4 Precautions against Radiation Hazards -- Appendix C Complete List of Nuclides of the Elements.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461329619
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Counseling.
    Abstract: Introduction: The Family as an Interactional System -- Premises -- Toward a Redefinition of Diagnosis and Intervention -- 1. Formation of the Therapeutic System -- The Therapeutic Team -- The First Session -- The Therapeutic Contract -- 2. Redefinition in Family Therapy -- Redefinition of the Therapeutic Relationship -- Redefinition of the Context -- Redefinition of the Problem -- 3. Space and Action in Family Therapy -- Nonverbal Communication -- The Meaning of Space -- Action Techniques: Sculpting -- Children and Play in Family Therapy -- 4. Tasks -- Directiveness in Family Therapy -- Restructuring Tasks -- Paradoxical Tasks -- Metaphorical Tasks -- 5. Examples of Structural Family Therapy -- Achieving Autonomy: The Case of Luciano -- A Family with an Encopretic Child.
    Abstract: Dr. Maurizio Andolfi, "Andi" to my dog and me, is one of the fourth­ generation family therapy theorists. This book, which he calls "interac­ tional," is probably one you would not enjoy. Maybe you could give it to a rival colleague on his birthday. Combining the teachings of Zwerling and Laperriere with Ferber is confusing. Add to that a Horney analysis and stir with two ounces of Minuchin and a dram of Haley, and Andolfi becomes distracting to his friends and colleagues. His work with Can­ crini reacculturated him somewhat, but a Roman is a Roman, and, of course, he could not understand such problems as those we conquer in the United States. Assuming your rival is a well-trained, cause-and-effect thinker, you might find ways to watch him squirm. If he has not tried paradoxical methods, expect him to take a long vacation from work. If he is already a good family therapist, he may become a bit hypomanic, and his team may talk to you in private. Encourage them to suggest that he work harder and stop reading the book or, better still, donate it to the social­ work school library; they will read anything. If the team complains that the book advises teaching sick families how to be their own therapists, resist any impulse to check this out. No family could become self­ reparative when it is already dysfunctional. We know that professional help is the only hope.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: The Family as an Interactional SystemPremises -- Toward a Redefinition of Diagnosis and Intervention -- 1. Formation of the Therapeutic System -- The Therapeutic Team -- The First Session -- The Therapeutic Contract -- 2. Redefinition in Family Therapy -- Redefinition of the Therapeutic Relationship -- Redefinition of the Context -- Redefinition of the Problem -- 3. Space and Action in Family Therapy -- Nonverbal Communication -- The Meaning of Space -- Action Techniques: Sculpting -- Children and Play in Family Therapy -- 4. Tasks -- Directiveness in Family Therapy -- Restructuring Tasks -- Paradoxical Tasks -- Metaphorical Tasks -- 5. Examples of Structural Family Therapy -- Achieving Autonomy: The Case of Luciano -- A Family with an Encopretic Child.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468435870
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I: Physics and Energy -- Perspective on Pakistan’s Energy Problems -- World Energy Problems -- Long-Term Energy Systems and the Role of Nuclear and Solar Energy -- Laser Produced Nuclear Fusion -- Latest Trends in the Economics of Nuclear Power -- Role of Nuclear Energy with Particular Reference to Western Europe -- Some Topics in Reactor Physics -- Nuclear Non-Proliferation -- Unified Neutron Transport Theory -- II: Physics and Technology -- Amorphous Semiconductors -- Solar Energy Materials -- III: Computational Methods in Physics -- Computational Methods in Physics -- IV: Physics and Frontiers of Knowledge -- Observational Traits of Black Holes in the Optical Band -- The Role of Polarization in Microscopic Physics -- Fundamental Constituents of Matter and Unification of Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions -- V: Science and Development -- Science and Development -- Appendix I: List of Invited Seminar Speakers -- Appendix II: List of Seminars -- Appendix III: List of Participants.
    Abstract: These proceedings cover the lectures delivered at the Third International Summer College on Physics and Contemporary Needs held from June 17 - July 5, 1978 at Nathiagali, one of the scenic hill resorts in the northern part of Pakistan. The college was organized by The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) and co-sponsored by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (ICTP). It also received a financial grant by the University Grants Commission for the participation of physicists from various universities of Pakistan. The college was attended by 14 lecturers, 2 invited seminar speakers and 156 participants from 23 countries and consisted of 15 concen­ trated days of lectures, seminars and informal discussions. These proceedings contain only regular lectures delivered there, but the seminars which were held there are listed in the Appendix. This year the college put special emphasis on energy, parti­ cularly on nuclear energy and its role in the context of energy sys­ tems. However the lectures delivered at the college also covered a wide spectrum of physics. The lectures gave an overview of various topics covered at the college and emphasized the inter-disciplinary aspects of physics. Some of the lecturers also indicated the areas where research in developing countries with limited facilities could be carried out. The college had a definite objective of encouraging the physicists, part~cularly those working at the universities, to apply their knowledge of physics and methodology of research to the needs of modern society.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Physics and EnergyPerspective on Pakistan’s Energy Problems -- World Energy Problems -- Long-Term Energy Systems and the Role of Nuclear and Solar Energy -- Laser Produced Nuclear Fusion -- Latest Trends in the Economics of Nuclear Power -- Role of Nuclear Energy with Particular Reference to Western Europe -- Some Topics in Reactor Physics -- Nuclear Non-Proliferation -- Unified Neutron Transport Theory -- II: Physics and Technology -- Amorphous Semiconductors -- Solar Energy Materials -- III: Computational Methods in Physics -- Computational Methods in Physics -- IV: Physics and Frontiers of Knowledge -- Observational Traits of Black Holes in the Optical Band -- The Role of Polarization in Microscopic Physics -- Fundamental Constituents of Matter and Unification of Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions -- V: Science and Development -- Science and Development -- Appendix I: List of Invited Seminar Speakers -- Appendix II: List of Seminars -- Appendix III: List of Participants.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9781468408171
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: VI. Neurobiology -- 1 Neuroembryology and the Development of Perception -- 2 The Differentiate Maturation of the Human Cerebral Cortex -- 3 Organization and Reorganization in the Central Nervous System: Evolving Concepts of Brain Plasticity -- 4 Developmental Aspects of the Neuronal Control of Breathing -- 5 Ontogenesis of Brain Bioelectrlcal Activity and Sleep Organization in Neonates and Infants -- 6 Sexual Differentiation of the Brain -- 7 Critical Periods in Organizational Processes -- 8 Patterns of Early Neurological Development -- 9 Early Development of Neonatal and Infant behavior -- VII. Nutrition -- 10 Nutrition and Growth in Infancy -- 11 Protein — Energy Malnutrition and Growth -- 12 Population Differences in Growth: Environmental and Genetic Factors -- 13 Epidemiological Considerations -- 14 Obesity -- 15 Nutritional Deficiencies and Brain Development -- 16 Nutrition, Mental Development and Learning -- VIII. History of Growth Studies -- 17 A Concise History of Growth Studies from Buffon to Boas.
    Abstract: Growth, as we conceive it, is the study of change in an organism not yet mature. Differential growth creates form: external form through growth rates which vary from one part of the body to another and one tissue to another; and internal form through the series of time-entrained events which build up in each cell the special­ ized complexity of its particular function. We make no distinction, then, between growth and development, and if we have not included accounts of differentiation it is simply because we had to draw a quite arbitrary line somewhere. It is only rather recently that those involved in pediatrics and child health have come to realize that growth is the basic science peculiar to their art. It is a science which uses and incorporates the traditional disciplines of anatomy, physiology, biophysics, biochemistry, and biology. It is indeed a part of biology, and the study of human growth is a part of the curriculum of the rejuvenated science of Human Biology. What growth is not is a series of charts of height and weight. Growth standards are useful and necessary, and their construction is by no means void of intellectual challenge. They are a basic instrument in pediatric epidemiology. But they do not appear in this book, any more than clinical accounts of growth disorders. This appears to be the first large handbook-in three volumes-devoted to Human Growth.
    Description / Table of Contents: VI. Neurobiology1 Neuroembryology and the Development of Perception -- 2 The Differentiate Maturation of the Human Cerebral Cortex -- 3 Organization and Reorganization in the Central Nervous System: Evolving Concepts of Brain Plasticity -- 4 Developmental Aspects of the Neuronal Control of Breathing -- 5 Ontogenesis of Brain Bioelectrlcal Activity and Sleep Organization in Neonates and Infants -- 6 Sexual Differentiation of the Brain -- 7 Critical Periods in Organizational Processes -- 8 Patterns of Early Neurological Development -- 9 Early Development of Neonatal and Infant behavior -- VII. Nutrition -- 10 Nutrition and Growth in Infancy -- 11 Protein - Energy Malnutrition and Growth -- 12 Population Differences in Growth: Environmental and Genetic Factors -- 13 Epidemiological Considerations -- 14 Obesity -- 15 Nutritional Deficiencies and Brain Development -- 16 Nutrition, Mental Development and Learning -- VIII. History of Growth Studies -- 17 A Concise History of Growth Studies from Buffon to Boas.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461597933
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: 1. The Problem and the Purpose -- Notes -- 2. Lamarck in Perspective -- Notes -- 3. The Central Paradox of Immunology -- The Cell Involved -- The Response to the Unexpected -- Antibody Diversity at the Molecular Level -- Antibody Diversity at the Cellular Level -- Nature versus Nurture -- The Problem with Rabbit Idiotypy -- Notes -- 4. The Somatic Selection Hypothesis -- The Tacit Constraints -- Somatic Ordering of Genetic Mutations -- Flow of Genetic Information in Living Systems -- Recapitulation -- Parallel Evolution 40 A Prototype Experimental Plan in the Immune System -- Rabbit Idiotypy Revisited -- Summary of the Hypothesis -- Notes -- 5. Implications and Conclusions -- Boundaries, Difficulties, Corollaries -- Implications for Immunology -- High Rates of Spontaneous Mutation -- Parallel Evolution and Jerne’s Hypothesis -- The Phenomenon of Regression -- Inheritance of Acquired Autoimmune Disease? -- The Endogenous Vector -- Emergence and Extinction -- Notes -- 6. Speculations on Man, Mind and Matter -- The Genetic Future of Man -- The Growth of Knowledge -- Downward Causation -- Notes -- Appendix: On the Relevance of the RNA Tumor Viruses to the Somatic Selection Hypothesis -- Exchange of Genes between Viruses and Cellular DNA -- (a) Capture of Host Cellular RNA Molecules Not Covalently Linked to Viral RNA -- (b) Covalent Capture and Transduction of Host Cellular Gene Sequences -- Speculation on Gene Selection and Integration.
    Abstract: The origins of the idea to write this book are impossible to trace. What I can say with some certainty, is that the book would not have emerged without the pleasing interplay of two contingent pleasures which occurred in the summer of 1978. The first was the penetrating sense of awe experienced when I finished reading Koestler's recent book' Janus A Summing Up', 1978. His philosophy provided that necessary inspiration to tackle, in a rational way, a long held dissatisfaction with the . conven­ tional Darwinian explanation of evolution. The second was the more subliminal pleasure of camping and exploring that beautiful panorama of the lake district of Northern Ontario. The book, written in an argumentative style, reviews the case for the inheritance of acquired characteristics and proposes a simple, feasible mechanism to drive this process. It is written from the narrow perspective of an experimental Immunologist with an interest in the evolution of multicellular organisms. Much attention is given to current ideas in Immunology, and at times we dive deeply into its heartland to grasp those threads relevant to a general theory of evolution. In these excursions, I take pains not to lose the general reader (although I run the risk of annoying some Immunologists), I do this so that the argument is understood by Biologists as a whole. This narrow approach path, however, eliminates areas of interest to some Biologists, e. g.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Problem and the PurposeNotes -- 2. Lamarck in Perspective -- Notes -- 3. The Central Paradox of Immunology -- The Cell Involved -- The Response to the Unexpected -- Antibody Diversity at the Molecular Level -- Antibody Diversity at the Cellular Level -- Nature versus Nurture -- The Problem with Rabbit Idiotypy -- Notes -- 4. The Somatic Selection Hypothesis -- The Tacit Constraints -- Somatic Ordering of Genetic Mutations -- Flow of Genetic Information in Living Systems -- Recapitulation -- Parallel Evolution 40 A Prototype Experimental Plan in the Immune System -- Rabbit Idiotypy Revisited -- Summary of the Hypothesis -- Notes -- 5. Implications and Conclusions -- Boundaries, Difficulties, Corollaries -- Implications for Immunology -- High Rates of Spontaneous Mutation -- Parallel Evolution and Jerne’s Hypothesis -- The Phenomenon of Regression -- Inheritance of Acquired Autoimmune Disease? -- The Endogenous Vector -- Emergence and Extinction -- Notes -- 6. Speculations on Man, Mind and Matter -- The Genetic Future of Man -- The Growth of Knowledge -- Downward Causation -- Notes -- Appendix: On the Relevance of the RNA Tumor Viruses to the Somatic Selection Hypothesis -- Exchange of Genes between Viruses and Cellular DNA -- (a) Capture of Host Cellular RNA Molecules Not Covalently Linked to Viral RNA -- (b) Covalent Capture and Transduction of Host Cellular Gene Sequences -- Speculation on Gene Selection and Integration.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9781468435696
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Keywords: Humanities
    Description / Table of Contents: Biomedical Science in an Expectant SocietyHow Basic Knowledge of the Cell Cycle Has Helped Us Treat Cancer Patients -- How Research on the Cell Biology of Reproduction Can Contribute to the Solution of the Population Problem -- How Basic Studies of Insects Have Helped Man -- Cell Biology and the Study of Behavior -- The Introduction of Missing Enzymes into Human Cells: Alternatives to DNA Recombinancy in Genetic Disease -- Identifying Environmental Chemicals Causing Mutations and Cancer -- Closing Remarks.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461591160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 411 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Ontogeny of Social Behavior -- 2 On the Physiological Organization of Social Behavior: Sex and Aggression -- 3 The Analysis of Animal Communication -- 4 Mechanisms and Evolution of Spacing in Animals -- 5 Foraging Strategies and Their Social Significance -- 6 The Evolution of Mating Systems in Birds and Mammals -- 7 The Roles of Individual, Kin, and Group Selection in the Evolution of Sociality.
    Abstract: Other books in this series focus on behavior at the individual level, approached from the viewpoints of biochemistry, anatomy, physiology, and psychology. In this volume we show how the functioning nervous systems of interacting individuals are coordinated, with the ultimate creation of complex social structures. The intri­ cacies of an individual's nervous system have been subject to intense inquiry, and research at the chemical, cellular, and organ levels has made remarkable progress. Work at the social level has been conducted somewhat independently, by way of behavioral phenomena and communicative interactions. With the emergence of a large body of information from neurobiology, the beginnings of an integrated approach are possible. New data on social functions are presented in the chapters to follow, and the forward-looking reader may wish to reflect on how they clarify understanding of interactions between two or more independent nervous systems. The outcome is harmonious social structure and improvement in the inclusive fitness of group-living individuals. We believe that there is in prospect a new way of looking at social function that will ultimately increase our understanding of the highest and most complex levels of neurobiology. The modern approach to the study of social behavior involves more than the recording of interactions between animals. Each individual brings to the process of social interaction the implications of its prior genetic and experiential history.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Ontogeny of Social Behavior2 On the Physiological Organization of Social Behavior: Sex and Aggression -- 3 The Analysis of Animal Communication -- 4 Mechanisms and Evolution of Spacing in Animals -- 5 Foraging Strategies and Their Social Significance -- 6 The Evolution of Mating Systems in Birds and Mammals -- 7 The Roles of Individual, Kin, and Group Selection in the Evolution of Sociality.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9781468472516
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: The Countries -- African Countries -- Argentina -- Australia -- Austria -- Belgium -- Bolivia -- Brazil -- Bulgaria -- Canada -- Chile -- China -- Colombia -- Cuba -- Cyprus -- Czechoslovakia -- Denmark -- Ecuador -- Egypt -- Fiji -- Finland -- France -- Germany -- Greece -- Hong Kong -- Hungary -- Iceland -- India -- Indonesia -- Iran -- Ireland -- Israel -- Italy -- Japan -- Korea -- Lebanon -- Malta -- Mexico -- Nepal -- Netherlands -- New Zealand -- Nigeria -- Norway -- Pakistan -- Panama -- Paraguay -- Peru -- Philippines -- Poland -- Portugal -- Qatar -- Romania -- Singapore -- South Africa -- Spain -- Sweden -- Switzerland -- Syria -- Turkey -- Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic -- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) -- United Kingdom -- United States of America -- Uruguay -- Venezuela -- Yugoslavia (Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFRJ).
    Abstract: In the past several decades, psychology has grown so rapidly in many countries that no one has been able to keep up-to-date on more than a handful of countries. To be sure, the highly developed countries of North America, Western Europe, Ja­ pan, and Australia have generally had well-known national psychological societies for most of this century, and consider­ able information about their universities and institutes has been published at one time or another. But even in these more highly developed countries, the rapid changes of recent years are not well known. In any event, what information has been published is scattered so widely that it is hardly accessible when needed. Still less well known is the growth of psychology in the developing countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa, and at least for Western readers, even the modem nations of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union are relatively unknown. Only recently have most Western psychologists become aware of the fact that psychology as they know it is provincial. With more than half of the world's highly trained psychologists in Canada and the United States, which together devote far more of their national resources to psychological research than is true of any other countries in the world, it is not surprising that the North American journals, psychological associations, institutes, clinics, and other manifestations of psychology have completely domi­ nated the field, at least until recently.
    Description / Table of Contents: The CountriesAfrican Countries -- Argentina -- Australia -- Austria -- Belgium -- Bolivia -- Brazil -- Bulgaria -- Canada -- Chile -- China -- Colombia -- Cuba -- Cyprus -- Czechoslovakia -- Denmark -- Ecuador -- Egypt -- Fiji -- Finland -- France -- Germany -- Greece -- Hong Kong -- Hungary -- Iceland -- India -- Indonesia -- Iran -- Ireland -- Israel -- Italy -- Japan -- Korea -- Lebanon -- Malta -- Mexico -- Nepal -- Netherlands -- New Zealand -- Nigeria -- Norway -- Pakistan -- Panama -- Paraguay -- Peru -- Philippines -- Poland -- Portugal -- Qatar -- Romania -- Singapore -- South Africa -- Spain -- Sweden -- Switzerland -- Syria -- Turkey -- Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic -- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) -- United Kingdom -- United States of America -- Uruguay -- Venezuela -- Yugoslavia (Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFRJ).
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468435337
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Anthropology. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Realms of Reason and Unreason -- I Diffusion and Superdiffusion, Prologue -- 1 From Continent to Continent: Making Ends Meet -- 2 Stones, Suppositions, and Science -- 3 Ancient Astronauts: Thesis -- 4 Ancient Astronauts: Response -- 5 The UFO Phenomenon -- II Strange Stone Monuments, Prologue -- 6 Stonehenge -- 7 Pyramid -- 8 Easter Island -- III Marine Mysteries, Prologue -- 9 The Bermuda Triangle -- 10 The Lost Continent of Atlantis -- IV Monsters, Stars, and Catastrophists, Prologue -- 11 Monsters -- 12 Astrology -- 13 The Colliding Worlds of Velikovsky -- 14 Noah’s Ark -- Epilogue -- References.
    Abstract: The purpose of this book is to explore some of those great mysteries of the earth that have captured the popular imagination, and especially those having their roots in our specialties of archaeology and geology. The average reader probably is unfamiliar with the earth sciences or the archaeological history of man. Nor does the average reader have the time and literary resources to verify all he or she reads. Our aim is to lend a helping hand by examining the evidence that surrounds such mysteries as the legend of Atlantis and the ruins of Stonehenge, and, as logically as we can, sift truth from falsehood and exagger­ ation. Early man found himself in a world of unimaginable mysteries: meteors streaking across a star-studded sky, the darkness beyond the campfire's glow, the sound and fury of a volcano's eruption. Our earliest ancestors were probably mysteries to themselves, and totally susceptible to the subjectivity of their world. Fantasies may have been as much a formative influence as toolmaking in the early development of culture. As human beings gathered knowledge and understanding of their surroundings, old mysteries vanished, only to be replaced by others because so much was not understood.
    Description / Table of Contents: Realms of Reason and UnreasonI Diffusion and Superdiffusion, Prologue -- 1 From Continent to Continent: Making Ends Meet -- 2 Stones, Suppositions, and Science -- 3 Ancient Astronauts: Thesis -- 4 Ancient Astronauts: Response -- 5 The UFO Phenomenon -- II Strange Stone Monuments, Prologue -- 6 Stonehenge -- 7 Pyramid -- 8 Easter Island -- III Marine Mysteries, Prologue -- 9 The Bermuda Triangle -- 10 The Lost Continent of Atlantis -- IV Monsters, Stars, and Catastrophists, Prologue -- 11 Monsters -- 12 Astrology -- 13 The Colliding Worlds of Velikovsky -- 14 Noah’s Ark -- Epilogue -- References.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461582823
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Computer vision. ; Signal processing. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: General -- Evolution in Image Science -- Trends in Digital Image Processing Research -- Theory -- A 1D Approach to 2D-Signal Processing -- Digital Coding of Television Signals -- Digital Image Analysis -- Application -- Biomedical Image Processing -- The Processing of X-Ray Image Sequences -- Landsat Image Processing -- Image Processing for Document Reproduction -- Image Processing and Computer Graphics -- Model-Driven Vision for Industrial Automation -- Implementation -- Distributed Image Processing -- Parallel Processors for Digital Image Processing -- Large-Scale Vector/Array Processors -- A Low-Cost Image Processing Facility Employing a New Hardware Realization of High-Speed Signal Processors.
    Abstract: Digital image processing, originally established to analyze and improve lunar images, is rapidly growing into a wealth of new appli­ cations, due to the enormous technical progress made in computer engineering. At present, the most important fields of growth appear to emerge in the areas of medical image processing (i. e. tomography, thermography), earth resource inventory (i. e. land usage, minerals), office automation (i. e. document storage, retrieval and reproduction) and industrial production (i. e. computer vision for mechanical ro­ bots). Currently, emphasis is being shifted from signal-processing re­ search and design-innovation activities towards cost-efficient system implementations for interactive digital image processing. For the years ahead, trends in computer engineering indicate still further advances in Large Scale Integration (LSI) and Input/Output (I/O) technologies allowing the implementation of powerful parallel and/or distributed processor architectures for real-time processing of high­ resolution achromatic and color images. In view of the many new developments in the field of digital image processing and recognizing the importance of discussing these developments amongst key scientists that might make use of them, ffiM Germany sponsored an international symposium on 'Advances in Digital Image Processing', held at Bad Neuenahr, Federal Republic of Germany, September 26 - 28, 1978. The interest shown in this symposium encouraged the publi­ cation of the papers presented in this volume of the ffiM Research Symposium Series.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475716108
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 318 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 General Account of the Geomagnetic Field -- 2 Role of Geomagnetic Field in Vital Activity of Organisms on Earth -- 3 Questions of General Geomagnetobiology -- 4 Specific Aspects of Geomagnetobiology -- 5 Possible Mechanisms of Biological Effect of the Geomagnetic Field -- References.
    Abstract: I am very pleased that my book The Geomagnetic Field and Life is being published in English in the United States. Thanks to the initiative of Plenum Press, a publishing hause that is widely known in all countries, I have a great new opportunity to make direct contact with friends throughout the world. My book on the geomagnetic field can be regarded as an abstraction, whose purpose is to provide a better picture and understanding of the world araund us, its main driving forces, and factors, to help us to know ourselves, and to proceed further. The essence of the abstraction is that in treating the problern I have deliberately ignored the diverse effects of various extemal factors on living organisms and have confined myself to an analysis of the effect of the GMF. This approach allows me to go one step further-to draw various conclusions and propose theories that rnight bring us closer to a proper understanding of the true nature of the phenomena. Philosophers have long been aware that by such abstract thinking we can deterrnine the nature of phenomena more reliably, completely, and comprehensively, penetrate to the very core of the observed effects, and perceive the depth of their interrelations.
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  • 59
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475744019
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 336 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 539.7092
    Keywords: Physics ; Nuclear physics
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9781475713916
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 266 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology
    Abstract: Teaching medical sociology: retrospection and prospection -- Introductory remarks -- Future Developments -- Health care in the future -- The profession of medical sociologist in the future: implications for training programs -- The medical profession in the future: implications for training programs -- The Current Status of Medical Sociology Training -- The current status of medical sociology training in the U.S.A. -- Reflections on training in medical sociology for undergraduate students of sociology at the University of Warsaw -- Basic assumptions in medical sociology teaching in medical schools -- Basic assumptions in teaching medical sociology in medical schools: the case of West Germany -- Educational Objectives -- Medical sociology training for sociologists -- Medical sociology training for medical doctors -- Description of Didactical Situations -- Teaching methods and practical training in sociology departments -- Teaching methods and practical training in medical schools: the case of Maastricht -- Evaluation Methods of Educational Processes -- Evaluation methods as instruments for improvement of courses and programs -- Evaluation methods as part of training programs -- Curriculum construction: reflections on a workshop -- Evaluation of the Seminar -- Critical evaluation of the seminar -- A selected bibliography of recent articles.
    Abstract: 39 Medical sociology, on the other hand, is only beginning to be perceived as an established partner in medical education. What was still described in 1963 as its 'promise' (Reader, 1963) became a decade later the unequivocal assertion: 'Sociology has already contributed much to medicine ... has (in its work related to medicine) developed a distinct body of knowledge, and in fact, reached the position where it can contribute substantially to decision making in medicine'. (Kendall and Reader, 1972) As it has established its position, both as a legitimate sub-field of sociology as a collaborator with the medical professions, there is evidence of increasing attention by medical sociology to the applica­ tions of its knowledge. The literature reveals a remarkable degree of concern about its development. (Caudill, 1953; Clausen, 1956; Reader and Goss, 1959; Reader, 1963; Suchman, 1964; Graham, 1964; Bloom, 1965; McKin­ lay, 1972). Most of its continuing self-scrutiny, however, was - at least until recently - focused on the evaluation of its contribution to knowledge. We seem now to have found security in the legitimacy of this contribution, and to be turning to the effort to establish an organized dimension of applied social science - of which an example is seen in table 2.1. Williams, first in 1963 and again in 1972, sought to show how the knowledge of medical sociology was actually being applied. Hyman (1967) reviewed 'the uses of sociology for the problems of medicine'.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9781461340959
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9781461334309
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: One Introduction -- 1 Life’s logic -- Two Growing -- 2 life as an energy transforming system -- 3 Life as a cellular system -- 4 Life as a dynamic steady-state -- 5 On the adaptive significance of growing -- Three Reproduction -- 6 How organisms reproduce -- 7 Quantitative aspects of reproduction -- Four Ageing -- 8 The ageing process -- 9 The cycle reversed -- Five Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Index of organisms.
    Abstract: As time progresses, biology becomes more and more fragmented and specialized and it becomes increasingly difficult to see how all the dis- ! parate facts fit together. It is completely proper that biologists should have sought to reduce complex biological wholes into their parts, and it is natural that studies on the products of this reduction should have diverged from more holistic studies on evolution and ecology. Yet the biological parts, what they do and how they are organized are products of an evolutionary process which fits organisms for life in particular ecological circumstances. Physiology, developmental biology, ecology and evolutionary biology must not be allowed to grow too far apart, therefore, because all these disciplines and the way their subject matters interact are crucial to understanding organisms - and it is this, it seems to me, which is the fundamental goal of the biological sciences. This book has been written in the spirit of unification and synthesis. It is, in a sense, a general biology of the organism - not, however, of organisms as static unchanging systems, but of organisms as dynamic entities which progress through a definite cycle of events from birth to maturity. The central theme, therefore, will be the life cycle, and the book is organized around the three main phases which are characteristic of all life cycles; growth (Part II), reproduction (Part III) and ageing (Part IV).
    Description / Table of Contents: One Introduction1 Life’s logic -- Two Growing -- 2 life as an energy transforming system -- 3 Life as a cellular system -- 4 Life as a dynamic steady-state -- 5 On the adaptive significance of growing -- Three Reproduction -- 6 How organisms reproduce -- 7 Quantitative aspects of reproduction -- Four Ageing -- 8 The ageing process -- 9 The cycle reversed -- Five Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Index of organisms.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461589396
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 458 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Section VIII: Research Procedures and Data Analysis -- 1 Techniques for Cytogenetic Analysis -- 2 Mutation Testing Systems -- 3 Cell, Tissue, and Organ Culture as Teratologic Tools -- 4 Whole Embryo Explants and Transplants -- 5 Survey of in Vitro Systems: Their Potential Use in Teratogenicity Screening -- 6 The Structure and Uses of Genetically Homogeneous Lines of Animals -- 7 Multigeneration Reproduction Studies -- 8 The Design of Subprimate Animal Studies -- 9 Feasibility and Design of Subhuman Primate Studies -- 10 Uterine Vascular Interruption and Combined Radiation and Surgical Procedures -- 11 Analytical Techniques for the Study of Teratogenic Mechanisms -- 12 Immunological Aspects of Development -- 13 Behavioral Teratology -- 14 Methods and Concepts of Biometrics Applied to Teratology -- of the Complete Handbook (Volumes 1–4).
    Description / Table of Contents: Section VIII: Research Procedures and Data Analysis1 Techniques for Cytogenetic Analysis -- 2 Mutation Testing Systems -- 3 Cell, Tissue, and Organ Culture as Teratologic Tools -- 4 Whole Embryo Explants and Transplants -- 5 Survey of in Vitro Systems: Their Potential Use in Teratogenicity Screening -- 6 The Structure and Uses of Genetically Homogeneous Lines of Animals -- 7 Multigeneration Reproduction Studies -- 8 The Design of Subprimate Animal Studies -- 9 Feasibility and Design of Subhuman Primate Studies -- 10 Uterine Vascular Interruption and Combined Radiation and Surgical Procedures -- 11 Analytical Techniques for the Study of Teratogenic Mechanisms -- 12 Immunological Aspects of Development -- 13 Behavioral Teratology -- 14 Methods and Concepts of Biometrics Applied to Teratology -- of the Complete Handbook (Volumes 1-4).
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461590569
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: 1 Diagnosis Techniques and Methodologies for Digital Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Diagnostic Data Generation Theory -- 3. Diagnostic Execution -- 4. Applied Fault Diagnosis Techniques -- 5. Some Problems for Further Research -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- 2 Design for a Distributed Information Network -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Hardware Systems -- 3. Software Systems -- 4. Selected Applications -- References -- 3 Modeling and Design of Distributed Information Systems -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. Modeling Distributed Computer Systems -- 3. A Design Procedure for Distributed Computer Systems -- 4. Modeling Distributed Databases -- 5. Intelligent Coupler -- 5.1. Locating Information -- 5.2. Query Formulation and Test Run for Queries -- 5.3. Query Languages -- 5.4. Security -- 5.5. Locking in Distributed Information Systems -- 5.6. System Recovery -- 5.7. Performance Measurements and Evaluation -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References and Suggested Further Reading -- 4 Hardware, Firmware, Software Technology in Microcomputer Systems -- 1. Hardware Organization -- 2. Firmware -- 3. Software -- 4. What Computing Has Come To -- 5 Data Structures and Pattern Recognition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Pattern Recognition Problem -- 3. The Data Structure Concept -- 4. Pictorial Pattern Recognition and Image Processing -- 5. Review of Applications to Pattern Recognition -- 6. Line Drawings and Chain Codes -- 7. Histograms and Integral Projections -- 8. Medial Axis Transformation -- 9. Generalized Cones -- 10. Syntactic Methods -- 11. Trees in Analysis: Text, Speech, and Line-Drawing Data -- 12. Webs and Trees in Applications -- 13. Structure Learning -- 14. Conclusion -- References.
    Abstract: Information systems science is advancing in many directions with rapid strides. Many diversified ideas, methodologies, and techniques have been conceived and developed for improving the design of information systems and for inventing new methods for solving complex information problems. This volume, the seventh of a continuing series on information systems science, covers five timely topics which are in the mainstream of current interest in this growing field. In each chapter, an attempt is made to famil­ iarize the reader with some basic background information on the advances discussed, so that this volume may be used independently or in conjunction with the previous volumes. The emphasis in this volume is centered upon diagnosis for digital systems, distributed information networks, micro­ computer technology, and data structures for pattern recognition. In recent years, digital systems have found widespread applications in on-line real-time processing. Such applications demand high reliability, availability, and serviceability. Reliability may be improved through the use of highly reliable parts. Improvement in integrity may be accompanied by retry operation and redundant configuration. Serviceability may be improved by making use of fault diagnosis techniques. Chapter 1 is devoted to this important subject. Fault diagnosis techniques are developed to improve serviceability and to shorten mean time for repair. Kitamura, Tashiro, and Inagaki discuss many recent methods for fault diagnosis and explain them with illustrative examples.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Diagnosis Techniques and Methodologies for Digital Systems1. Introduction -- 2. Diagnostic Data Generation Theory -- 3. Diagnostic Execution -- 4. Applied Fault Diagnosis Techniques -- 5. Some Problems for Further Research -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- 2 Design for a Distributed Information Network -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Hardware Systems -- 3. Software Systems -- 4. Selected Applications -- References -- 3 Modeling and Design of Distributed Information Systems -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. Modeling Distributed Computer Systems -- 3. A Design Procedure for Distributed Computer Systems -- 4. Modeling Distributed Databases -- 5. Intelligent Coupler -- 5.1. Locating Information -- 5.2. Query Formulation and Test Run for Queries -- 5.3. Query Languages -- 5.4. Security -- 5.5. Locking in Distributed Information Systems -- 5.6. System Recovery -- 5.7. Performance Measurements and Evaluation -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References and Suggested Further Reading -- 4 Hardware, Firmware, Software Technology in Microcomputer Systems -- 1. Hardware Organization -- 2. Firmware -- 3. Software -- 4. What Computing Has Come To -- 5 Data Structures and Pattern Recognition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Pattern Recognition Problem -- 3. The Data Structure Concept -- 4. Pictorial Pattern Recognition and Image Processing -- 5. Review of Applications to Pattern Recognition -- 6. Line Drawings and Chain Codes -- 7. Histograms and Integral Projections -- 8. Medial Axis Transformation -- 9. Generalized Cones -- 10. Syntactic Methods -- 11. Trees in Analysis: Text, Speech, and Line-Drawing Data -- 12. Webs and Trees in Applications -- 13. Structure Learning -- 14. Conclusion -- References.
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  • 65
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468424003
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction -- 1. Chaotic Female Sexuality -- 2. Positive Female Images -- 3. Women in Ritual and Symbolic Roles -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- I Women and Divinity -- 2. The Bride of Christ Is Filled with His Spirit -- 3. Célibes, Mothers, and Church Cockroaches: Religious Participation of Women in a Mexican Village -- 4. To Honor Her Head: Hats as a Symbol of Women’s Position in Three Evangelical Churches in Edinburgh, Scotland -- 5. Coming of Age in Kelton: The Constraints on Gender Symbolism in Jewish Ritual -- 6. The Misery of the Embodied: Representations of Women in Sinhalese Myth -- II Dual Aspects of Women: Archetypic Nurturance -- 7. Careers of Midwives in a Mayan Community -- 8. Southern Lay Midwives as Ritual Specialists -- 9. Epidemiology of Spirit Possession among the Luvale of Zambia -- 10. Convivial Sisterhood: Spirit Mediumship and Client-Core Network among Black South African Women -- 11. Bobbes and Zeydes: Old and New Roles for Elderly Jews -- III Dual Aspects of Women: Archetypic Destruction -- 12. Radical Yoruba Female Sexuality: The Witch and the Prostitute -- 13. Jive Dope Fiend Whoes: In the Street and in Rehabilitation.
    Abstract: This volume of essays grew out of a symposium organized by Judith Hoch-Smith and Anita Spring for the 1974 American Anthropological Association meetings in Mexico City. The two-part symposium was enti­ tled "Women in Ritual and Symbolic Systems: I. Midwives, Madonnas, and Mediums; ll. Prostitutes, Witches, and Androgynes. " The sym­ posium participants were asked to explore theological, ritual, and sym­ bolic aspects-both positive and negative-of the feminine cultural do­ main, using ethnographic materials with which they were familiar. The resulting papers have been revised, edited, and gathered together in Women in Ritual and Symbolic Roles. The theoretical importance of these papers for the study of women's participation in culture and society rests on the assumption that reli­ gious ideas are paramount forces in social life, that relationships be­ tween the sexes, the nature of female sexuality, and the social and cul­ tural roles of women are in large part defined by religious ideas. That this proposition remains valid long after religion itself has ceased to be a living truth in the lives of many people can be seen from the tenacious­ ness of Judeo-Christian ideas about women in the contemporary West­ ern world. Both the expansion of life options for women and the creation of more positive cultural images of the female are intimately related to changes in the my tho-symbolic portraits that people carry around in their heads. These portraits are almost exclusively constructed from mythological and religious conceptions inherent in all facets of culture.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction1. Chaotic Female Sexuality -- 2. Positive Female Images -- 3. Women in Ritual and Symbolic Roles -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- I Women and Divinity -- 2. The Bride of Christ Is Filled with His Spirit -- 3. Célibes, Mothers, and Church Cockroaches: Religious Participation of Women in a Mexican Village -- 4. To Honor Her Head: Hats as a Symbol of Women’s Position in Three Evangelical Churches in Edinburgh, Scotland -- 5. Coming of Age in Kelton: The Constraints on Gender Symbolism in Jewish Ritual -- 6. The Misery of the Embodied: Representations of Women in Sinhalese Myth -- II Dual Aspects of Women: Archetypic Nurturance -- 7. Careers of Midwives in a Mayan Community -- 8. Southern Lay Midwives as Ritual Specialists -- 9. Epidemiology of Spirit Possession among the Luvale of Zambia -- 10. Convivial Sisterhood: Spirit Mediumship and Client-Core Network among Black South African Women -- 11. Bobbes and Zeydes: Old and New Roles for Elderly Jews -- III Dual Aspects of Women: Archetypic Destruction -- 12. Radical Yoruba Female Sexuality: The Witch and the Prostitute -- 13. Jive Dope Fiend Whoes: In the Street and in Rehabilitation.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475751635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 580 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: Innovation in Enzyme Engineering -- Session I. New Methods of Stabilizing and Immobilizing Enzymes and Whole Cells -- The Immobilization of a Stable Esterase by Entrapment, Covalent Binding and Adsorption -- Liquid-Membrane Hollow Fiber Enzyme Reactors -- Synthesis of Organic Acids and Modification of Steroids by Immobilized Whole Microbial Cells -- Immobilization of Enzymes by Reductive Alkylation -- Development of Immobilized Urease for the Owens-Illinois BUN Analyzer -- Immobilization of ?-Tyrosinase Cells with Collagen -- Stepwise Thermophotochemical Crosslinking for Enzyme Stabilization and Immobilization -- Session II. Enzyme Engineering -- Mass Transfer Problems with Immobilized Oxidases -- Mass Transfer and Reaction with Microcapsules Containing Enzyme and Adsorbent -- Enzymatic Regeneration of ATP from AMP and ADP: Kinetic Studies with the Coupled Enzyme System -- Cofactor Regeneration in Artificial Enzyme Membranes: Potentialities for Analytical and Reactor Applications -- Optimal Operations of a Batch Enzyme Reactor: Isomerization of D-Glucose to D-Fructose -- Physicochemical Aspects of Immobilized Enzyme-Matrix Interactions -- Coupled and Multienzyme-Nylon Tube Reactors -- Short Reports: Kinetics and Stability of Immobilized Glucose Oxidase and Catalase -- Kinetics of D-Glucose to D-Fructose Isomerization -- Efficiency of Two Immobilized Enzymes Acting in Sequence -- Photocontrol of Enzyme-Collagen Membrane Activity -- Enzyme Immobilization in Collagen Films Adhered to Semi-Rigid Supports: The Enzymatic Sponge Reactor -- Hollow Fiber Enzymatic Reactors: An Engineering Approach -- Session III, Enzyme Engineering and Enzyme Purification -- Genetic Engineering with Nitrogen Fixation -- The State of Enzyme Isolation Technology -- Unit Operations of Enzyme Purification -- Scale-Up of Enzyme Purification -- Carbon Dioxide as a Reagent for Proteins -- Application of Computers to Enzyme Recovery -- Studies on Immobilized Trypsin in High Concentrations of Organic Solvents -- A Tapered Fluidized Bed as a Bioreactor -- Short Reports: Induction of Phenol Hydroxylase in Yeast -- Session IV. Affinity Chromatography and Enzyme Cofactor Immobilization, Application and Regeneration -- Analysis of Ligand-Macromolecule Interactions by Quantitative Affinity Chromatography -- Affinity Chromatography: Interferences and their Prevention -- Immobilized Cofactors and Cofactor Fragments in General Ligand Affinity Chromatography and as Active Cofactors -- Purification of Dehydrogenases and Kinases by Affinity Chromatography -- Factors Concerning the Effectiveness of Affinity Chromatography Using Immobilized Cofactors -- Hydrophobic Chromatography and Its Potential Use in Biotechnology -- Purification of Proteinases by Affinity Chromatography Techniques -- Covalent Affinity Chromatography of Acetylcholinesterase -- Salt-Stable Hydrophobic Versus Salt-Reversible Electrostatic Effects in Adsorptive Protein Binding -- Strategy for Pure Hydrophobic Chromatography -- Short Reports: High Turnover NAD Regeneration in the Coupled Dehydrogenase Conversion of Sorbitol to Fructose -- Microencapsulated Multi-Enzyme Systems as Vehicles for the Cyclic Regeneration of Free and Immobilized Coenzymes -- Session V. Analytical and Biomedical Applications of Immobilized Enzymes -- Analytical and Biomedical Applications of Immobilized Enzymes: A Review -- Refixation of Solubilized and Purified Microsomal Enzymes: Towards an Extracorporal Detoxification in Liver Failure -- Immobilized Enzymes in Tubes and Hollow Fibers for Clinical Applications -- The Cholesterol Electrode: Use of the Polarographic Oxidase Anode with Multiple Enzymes -- Medical Applications of Affinity Chromatography -- Studies on the Thermal Enzyme Probe -- Prospects for an Assay Technique Based on Volatile Enzyme Products -- Short Reports: Enzymatic Catalysis of a Three Step Steroid Conversion -- Enzyme-Thermistor Assays of Cholesterol, Oxalic Acid, Glucose and Lactose in Standard Solutions and Biological Samples -- Session VI. Industrial Applications of Immobilized Enzymes -- Industrial Production of L-Malic Acid by Immobilized Microbial Cells -- Production of 5?-Mononucleotides Using Immobilized 5?-Phosphodiesterase and 5?-AMP Deaminase -- A New Method for the Production of Optically Active Aminoacids -- Development of an Adsorbed Lactase Immobilized Enzyme System -- Studies on the Isomerization of D-Glucose by Immobilized Glucose Isomerase -- Macrokinetics and Reactor Design for the Industrial Application of Enzymes in L-Aminoacid Production.. -- Recent Trends in Enzyme Engineering in Japan -- Short Reports: Pilot Plant Production of Glucose from Starch with Soluble a-Amylase and Immobilized Glucoamylase -- Production of High-Fructose Syrup Using Glucoamylase and Glucose Isomerase Immobilized on Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin -- Reduction of Lactose in Milk by Entrapped ?-Galactosidase. IV. Results of Long Term Experiments with a Pilot Plant -- Use of ?-Galactosidase, ?-Galactosidase, Glucose Isomerase and Invertase in Hollow Fiber Reactors -- Appendix I. Recommendations for Standardization of Nomenclature in Affinity Chromatography -- Appendix II. Matters Arising from the Nomenclature of Immobilized Enzymes -- List of Participants.
    Abstract: The recent worldwide explosion of interest in enzymes as cata­ lysts in industrial processes has arisen primarily because of the potential of major innovative advances which have taken place over the last two decades, foremost among these being novel methods of enzyme immobilization and affinity chromatography for rapid enzyme purification. This interest is now being further stimulated by the remarkable commercial success of several enzyme-based industrial processes, particularly the production of high-fructose syrup in the U. S. and amino acid production in Japan. With the initiation of these and other processes, together with the readying for commercial­ ization of several other enzyme-based operations, interest has ex­ panded in other areas in which enzymes may playa useful role, particularly in medicine and analytical chemistry. The development of this technology has required the cooperative efforts of practi­ tioners of several disciplines, primarily chemical engineers, bio­ chemists and other life scientists. Indeed, from this cooperation is arising the new interdisciplinary field of Enzyme Engineering. To stimulate communication, information exchange and advance­ ment of knowledge in this new field on an international level the Engineering Foundation, through the efforts of Lemuel B. Wingard, Jr. , initiated in 1971 a series of international conferences on Enzyme Engineering to be held biannually. The first two conferences were held in Henniker, New Hampshire, in the summers of 1971 and 1973, respectively, while the third conference, from which these proceedings derived, was held in August 1975 in Portland, Oregon.
    Description / Table of Contents: Innovation in Enzyme EngineeringSession I. New Methods of Stabilizing and Immobilizing Enzymes and Whole Cells -- The Immobilization of a Stable Esterase by Entrapment, Covalent Binding and Adsorption -- Liquid-Membrane Hollow Fiber Enzyme Reactors -- Synthesis of Organic Acids and Modification of Steroids by Immobilized Whole Microbial Cells -- Immobilization of Enzymes by Reductive Alkylation -- Development of Immobilized Urease for the Owens-Illinois BUN Analyzer -- Immobilization of ?-Tyrosinase Cells with Collagen -- Stepwise Thermophotochemical Crosslinking for Enzyme Stabilization and Immobilization -- Session II. Enzyme Engineering -- Mass Transfer Problems with Immobilized Oxidases -- Mass Transfer and Reaction with Microcapsules Containing Enzyme and Adsorbent -- Enzymatic Regeneration of ATP from AMP and ADP: Kinetic Studies with the Coupled Enzyme System -- Cofactor Regeneration in Artificial Enzyme Membranes: Potentialities for Analytical and Reactor Applications -- Optimal Operations of a Batch Enzyme Reactor: Isomerization of D-Glucose to D-Fructose -- Physicochemical Aspects of Immobilized Enzyme-Matrix Interactions -- Coupled and Multienzyme-Nylon Tube Reactors -- Short Reports: Kinetics and Stability of Immobilized Glucose Oxidase and Catalase -- Kinetics of D-Glucose to D-Fructose Isomerization -- Efficiency of Two Immobilized Enzymes Acting in Sequence -- Photocontrol of Enzyme-Collagen Membrane Activity -- Enzyme Immobilization in Collagen Films Adhered to Semi-Rigid Supports: The Enzymatic Sponge Reactor -- Hollow Fiber Enzymatic Reactors: An Engineering Approach -- Session III, Enzyme Engineering and Enzyme Purification -- Genetic Engineering with Nitrogen Fixation -- The State of Enzyme Isolation Technology -- Unit Operations of Enzyme Purification -- Scale-Up of Enzyme Purification -- Carbon Dioxide as a Reagent for Proteins -- Application of Computers to Enzyme Recovery -- Studies on Immobilized Trypsin in High Concentrations of Organic Solvents -- A Tapered Fluidized Bed as a Bioreactor -- Short Reports: Induction of Phenol Hydroxylase in Yeast -- Session IV. Affinity Chromatography and Enzyme Cofactor Immobilization, Application and Regeneration -- Analysis of Ligand-Macromolecule Interactions by Quantitative Affinity Chromatography -- Affinity Chromatography: Interferences and their Prevention -- Immobilized Cofactors and Cofactor Fragments in General Ligand Affinity Chromatography and as Active Cofactors -- Purification of Dehydrogenases and Kinases by Affinity Chromatography -- Factors Concerning the Effectiveness of Affinity Chromatography Using Immobilized Cofactors -- Hydrophobic Chromatography and Its Potential Use in Biotechnology -- Purification of Proteinases by Affinity Chromatography Techniques -- Covalent Affinity Chromatography of Acetylcholinesterase -- Salt-Stable Hydrophobic Versus Salt-Reversible Electrostatic Effects in Adsorptive Protein Binding -- Strategy for Pure Hydrophobic Chromatography -- Short Reports: High Turnover NAD Regeneration in the Coupled Dehydrogenase Conversion of Sorbitol to Fructose -- Microencapsulated Multi-Enzyme Systems as Vehicles for the Cyclic Regeneration of Free and Immobilized Coenzymes -- Session V. Analytical and Biomedical Applications of Immobilized Enzymes -- Analytical and Biomedical Applications of Immobilized Enzymes: A Review -- Refixation of Solubilized and Purified Microsomal Enzymes: Towards an Extracorporal Detoxification in Liver Failure -- Immobilized Enzymes in Tubes and Hollow Fibers for Clinical Applications -- The Cholesterol Electrode: Use of the Polarographic Oxidase Anode with Multiple Enzymes -- Medical Applications of Affinity Chromatography -- Studies on the Thermal Enzyme Probe -- Prospects for an Assay Technique Based on Volatile Enzyme Products -- Short Reports: Enzymatic Catalysis of a Three Step Steroid Conversion -- Enzyme-Thermistor Assays of Cholesterol, Oxalic Acid, Glucose and Lactose in Standard Solutions and Biological Samples -- Session VI. Industrial Applications of Immobilized Enzymes -- Industrial Production of L-Malic Acid by Immobilized Microbial Cells -- Production of 5?-Mononucleotides Using Immobilized 5?-Phosphodiesterase and 5?-AMP Deaminase -- A New Method for the Production of Optically Active Aminoacids -- Development of an Adsorbed Lactase Immobilized Enzyme System -- Studies on the Isomerization of D-Glucose by Immobilized Glucose Isomerase -- Macrokinetics and Reactor Design for the Industrial Application of Enzymes in L-Aminoacid Production. -- Recent Trends in Enzyme Engineering in Japan -- Short Reports: Pilot Plant Production of Glucose from Starch with Soluble a-Amylase and Immobilized Glucoamylase -- Production of High-Fructose Syrup Using Glucoamylase and Glucose Isomerase Immobilized on Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin -- Reduction of Lactose in Milk by Entrapped ?-Galactosidase. IV. Results of Long Term Experiments with a Pilot Plant -- Use of ?-Galactosidase, ?-Galactosidase, Glucose Isomerase and Invertase in Hollow Fiber Reactors -- Appendix I. Recommendations for Standardization of Nomenclature in Affinity Chromatography -- Appendix II. Matters Arising from the Nomenclature of Immobilized Enzymes -- List of Participants.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468422627
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I -- 1 The Position of Factor Analysis in Psychological Research -- 2 Extracting Factors: The Algebraic Picture -- 3 Rotating Factors: The Geometric Picture -- 4 Fixing the Number of Factors: TheScientific Model 52 -- 5 Fixing the Number of Factors: The Most Practicable Psychometric Procedures -- 6 The Theory of Unique Rotational Resolution by Confactor, Procrustes, and Simple Structure Principles -- 7 The Techniques of Simple Structure Rotation -- 8 More Refined Issues in Rotation and the Use of Oblique Factors -- 9 Higher-Order Factors: Models and Formulas -- 10 The Identification and Interpretation of Factors -- II -- 11 Factor Measures: Their Construction, Scoring, Psychometric Validity, and Consistency -- 12 Broader Experimental Designs and Uses: The Data Box and the New Techniques -- 13 Varieties of Factor Models in Relation to Scientific Models -- 14 Distribution, Scaling, and Significance Problems -- 15 Conducting a Factor Analytic Research: Strategy and Tactics -- Appendixes -- A. 1. Proposed Standard Notation: Rationale and Outline -- A.2. An Indexing System for Psychological Factors -- A.3. Note on Utility of Confactor Resolutions with Oblique Factors -- A.4. Transformations among SUD, SSA, and IIA Strata Models: Reversion from the Schmid-Leiman Matrix (IIA) -- A.5. A Practicable Minimum List of Computer Programs -- A.6. Tables for Statistical Significance of Simple Structure -- A. 7. Tables for Significance of Congruence Coefficients in Factor Matching -- A.8. Tables for Significance of Salient Variable Similarity Index s -- References -- Author Index.
    Description / Table of Contents: I1 The Position of Factor Analysis in Psychological Research -- 2 Extracting Factors: The Algebraic Picture -- 3 Rotating Factors: The Geometric Picture -- 4 Fixing the Number of Factors: TheScientific Model 52 -- 5 Fixing the Number of Factors: The Most Practicable Psychometric Procedures -- 6 The Theory of Unique Rotational Resolution by Confactor, Procrustes, and Simple Structure Principles -- 7 The Techniques of Simple Structure Rotation -- 8 More Refined Issues in Rotation and the Use of Oblique Factors -- 9 Higher-Order Factors: Models and Formulas -- 10 The Identification and Interpretation of Factors -- II -- 11 Factor Measures: Their Construction, Scoring, Psychometric Validity, and Consistency -- 12 Broader Experimental Designs and Uses: The Data Box and the New Techniques -- 13 Varieties of Factor Models in Relation to Scientific Models -- 14 Distribution, Scaling, and Significance Problems -- 15 Conducting a Factor Analytic Research: Strategy and Tactics -- Appendixes -- A. 1. Proposed Standard Notation: Rationale and Outline -- A.2. An Indexing System for Psychological Factors -- A.3. Note on Utility of Confactor Resolutions with Oblique Factors -- A.4. Transformations among SUD, SSA, and IIA Strata Models: Reversion from the Schmid-Leiman Matrix (IIA) -- A.5. A Practicable Minimum List of Computer Programs -- A.6. Tables for Statistical Significance of Simple Structure -- A. 7. Tables for Significance of Congruence Coefficients in Factor Matching -- A.8. Tables for Significance of Salient Variable Similarity Index s -- References -- Author Index.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9781468424096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 442 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Geology.
    Abstract: of Volume 1 -- to the Study of Sign Language among the North American Indians as Illustrating the Gesture Speech of Mankind -- A Collection of Gesture-Signs and Signals of the North American Indians with Some Comparisons -- The Gesture Speech of Man -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: 1. THE SEMIOTIC CHARACTER OF ABORIGINAL SIGN LANGUAGES In our culture, language, especially in its spoken manifestation, is the much vaunted hallmark of humanity, the diagnostic trait of man that has made possible the creation of a civilization unknown to any other terrestrial organism. Through our inheritance of a /aculte du langage, culture is in a sense bred inta man. And yet, language is viewed as a force wh ich can destroy us through its potential for objectification and classification. According to popular mythology, the naming of the animals of Eden, while giving Adam and Eve a certain power over nature, also destroyed the prelinguistic harmony between them and the rest of the natural world and contributed to their eventual expulsion from paradise. Later, the post-Babel development of diverse language families isolated man from man as weIl as from nature (Steiner 1975). Language, in other words, as the central force animating human culture, is both our salvation and damnation. Our constant war with words (Shands 1971) is waged on both internal and external battlegrounds. This culturally determined ambivalence toward language is particularly appar­ ent when we encounter humans or hominoid animals who, for one reason or another, must rely upon gestural forms of communication.
    Description / Table of Contents: of Volume 1to the Study of Sign Language among the North American Indians as Illustrating the Gesture Speech of Mankind -- A Collection of Gesture-Signs and Signals of the North American Indians with Some Comparisons -- The Gesture Speech of Man -- Index of Names.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468433456
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I: Physics and Technology -- Surfaces and Interfaces in Semiconductor Technology -- Semiconductor Devices in Perspective — Discovery of and Recent Developments in Tunneling Devices -- A Short Introduction to the Physics of Sol-Gel Transitions -- Lasers and Applications -- Applications of Algebra and Geometry in Applied Systems Theory -- II Energy Resources and Earth Physics -- Magnetic Fusion Energy -- Feasibility Aspects of Solar Energy Conversion -- Wind Energy -- Ocean Waves -- Seismology -- III Physics and the Frontiers of Knowledge -- Gauge Unification of the Four Fundamental Forces -- Monopoles and Instantons: Classical Solutions to Quantum Mechanical Equations -- Cosmology Today -- Report on Some Aspects of the Scientific Programmes of the European Space Agency -- Appendix I: List of Invited Seminar Speakers -- Appendix II: List of Seminars -- Appendix III: List of Participants.
    Abstract: These proceedings cover the lectures delivered at the Second International Summer College on Physics and Contemporary Needs held from June 20 - July 7, 1977 at Nathiagali, one of the scenic hill resorts in the northern part of Pakistan. The college was organised by the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) and co-sponsored by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (ICTP). It also received a financial grant by the University Grants Commission for the participation of physicists from various universities of Pakistan. The college was attended by 13 lecturers, 7 invited semi­ nar speakers and 134 participants from 26 countries and consisted of 15 concentrated days of lectures, seminars-and informal discu­ ssions. These proceedings contain only regular lectures delivered there but. the seminars which were held are listed in the Appendix. The theme of the college covered two important aspects of science in general and physics in particular: first to provide to the participants from developing countries some of the excitement of what is happening at the frontiers of physics; secondly as the name of the college emphasises it was to encourage the physicists from developing countries to interest themselves in and to use their knowledge and methodology of research for attacking some of the problems faced by their respective countries. The lectures delivered at the college covered a wide spectrum of physics and indicated similarity of methodology used in various branches of physics as well as practical applications of some of the topics discussed.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: Physics and TechnologySurfaces and Interfaces in Semiconductor Technology -- Semiconductor Devices in Perspective - Discovery of and Recent Developments in Tunneling Devices -- A Short Introduction to the Physics of Sol-Gel Transitions -- Lasers and Applications -- Applications of Algebra and Geometry in Applied Systems Theory -- II Energy Resources and Earth Physics -- Magnetic Fusion Energy -- Feasibility Aspects of Solar Energy Conversion -- Wind Energy -- Ocean Waves -- Seismology -- III Physics and the Frontiers of Knowledge -- Gauge Unification of the Four Fundamental Forces -- Monopoles and Instantons: Classical Solutions to Quantum Mechanical Equations -- Cosmology Today -- Report on Some Aspects of the Scientific Programmes of the European Space Agency -- Appendix I: List of Invited Seminar Speakers -- Appendix II: List of Seminars -- Appendix III: List of Participants.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489961228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (334 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Law ; Social legislation
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461340935
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International series on the quality of working life 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1. The Management Energy Crisis -- How we use management energy -- 2. Industry in a Social Perspective -- The aims of Western society -- Living with uncertainty -- Intervention by society into industry -- Ignorance of industry in society -- Turbulence and uncertainty — and individual freedom as well! -- Managing in a democracy -- The location of power in industrial organisations -- The diffusion of power -- Fundamental changes in the management task. -- 3. Sources of Energy within the Organisation. -- The nature of complex organisations -- The manager at the interface and the sources of energy at his disposal -- Releasing the energy of the working group -- Boundary control -- Second thoughts about boundaries -- Boundaries may shield people from reality -- The work group as an ‘open system’ and the boundary as an infinitely permeable membrane -- 4. Using the Energy Sources -- Co-operation and sharing power -- Ways of avoiding anarchy -- Mutual hostility and mutual trust -- Creating an environment of mutual trust -- Sharing problems and the’ san Andreas Fault’ syndrome -- The pain barrier -- Crossing the pain barrier — or not -- 5. Creating Energy Networks -- False linking pins -- Improving linkages -- Using linkages to create a common framework of perception -- 6. Management Decision Making -- Conflict between the objectives of the organisation and the objectives of individuals within the organisation -- When people seek to avoid decisions -- Finding the right level for decisions to be made -- 7. The Nature of the Management Task and the Problems of Achieving IT -- Is a manager necessary? -- Managers in other cultures -- Conflict in a democratic society and its implication for the manager -- Identifying the maximum area of common purpose -- Letting reality in -- Helpful and unhelpful interventions -- Questions for the manager to put to the group he manages -- 8. Who’s on our Side? -- Evading the pressures of society -- The two different worlds of manager -- Bringing the two worlds closer together -- 9. Come Back Leadership, All is Forgiven! -- The manager as a leader -- Creating a framework of shared values -- Decisions of fact and decisions of stance -- 10. Management Energy — Conservation Plan.
    Abstract: I have worked as a manager in a large industrial organisation for the last twenty years. During that time I have seen the job of a manager change almost out of recognition in both complexity and difficulty. For the last five ofthose years I have held ajob which has been much concerned with the problems which managers face under these cir­ cumstances, and I have been in the position to discuss these pro­ blems with people doing similar jobs in other large organisations, who have in turn often asked me for advice on their problems. The result has been to build up a general picture of the manager in large and complex industrial organisations and of those practices which will help him or her to be effective and those which will not. I suspect that the picture which emerges is one which may have some validity for large and complex organisations in other spheres - trade unions, for instance, or the civil service - but I have no first-hand evidence to show whether this is so or not. It is a picture which is certainly not so relevant for small organisations. These (and I have had the pleasure of working in some from time to time) have their own problems, but they tend to be different ones.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Management Energy CrisisHow we use management energy -- 2. Industry in a Social Perspective -- The aims of Western society -- Living with uncertainty -- Intervention by society into industry -- Ignorance of industry in society -- Turbulence and uncertainty - and individual freedom as well! -- Managing in a democracy -- The location of power in industrial organisations -- The diffusion of power -- Fundamental changes in the management task. -- 3. Sources of Energy within the Organisation. -- The nature of complex organisations -- The manager at the interface and the sources of energy at his disposal -- Releasing the energy of the working group -- Boundary control -- Second thoughts about boundaries -- Boundaries may shield people from reality -- The work group as an ‘open system’ and the boundary as an infinitely permeable membrane -- 4. Using the Energy Sources -- Co-operation and sharing power -- Ways of avoiding anarchy -- Mutual hostility and mutual trust -- Creating an environment of mutual trust -- Sharing problems and the’ san Andreas Fault’ syndrome -- The pain barrier -- Crossing the pain barrier - or not -- 5. Creating Energy Networks -- False linking pins -- Improving linkages -- Using linkages to create a common framework of perception -- 6. Management Decision Making -- Conflict between the objectives of the organisation and the objectives of individuals within the organisation -- When people seek to avoid decisions -- Finding the right level for decisions to be made -- 7. The Nature of the Management Task and the Problems of Achieving IT -- Is a manager necessary? -- Managers in other cultures -- Conflict in a democratic society and its implication for the manager -- Identifying the maximum area of common purpose -- Letting reality in -- Helpful and unhelpful interventions -- Questions for the manager to put to the group he manages -- 8. Who’s on our Side? -- Evading the pressures of society -- The two different worlds of manager -- Bringing the two worlds closer together -- 9. Come Back Leadership, All is Forgiven! -- The manager as a leader -- Creating a framework of shared values -- Decisions of fact and decisions of stance -- 10. Management Energy - Conservation Plan.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9781461340973
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 158 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Control theory and social change: toward a synthesis of the system and action approaches -- Cybernetic theorems on feedback in social processes -- A. SIGGS information theoretic characterization of qualitative knowing: cybernetic and SIGGS theory models -- Role playing in the interview: towards a theory of artifacts in the survey-interview -- Alteration of information in channels: a cross-level analysis -- Temporalization of complexity -- Simulation of large-scale systems by aggregation -- Reality-simulation: a feedback loop -- Disciplinary prestige and the accuracy of social predictions as a deviation-amplifying feedback.
    Abstract: The fifteen papers comprising this book were chosen out of the sixty-one contributions to the Symposium and Section on Social Systems held in the context of the Fourth International Congress of Cybernetics and Systems (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 21-25 August, 1978). These papers, as­ sembled here on the basis of their topicality, depth and originality, cover a wide range of problems, ranging from 'Societies and Turing machines' to 'Dialectics and catastrophe'. An interesting array of themes is considered by authors from six countries. It is felt that these papers, some of them thought-provoking and of great merit, will cast new light on social problems. Though the contributions consider a wide variety of topics, the underlying trend is apparent in many instances. Of special value is the discussion of the relevance of cybernetics and systems to a wide spectrum of social problems. I think the treatment and the approach adopted by the contributors merit wide attention, since their contributions constitute an appreciable advance in a fairly novel field. 1. ROSE BLACKBURN (U.K.) May, 1978 Acknowledgements First of all, we want to thank the authors for their contributions to these volumes, often produced under severe time pressure. We are particularly indebted to publisher Hans van der Sluijs and desk editor Judy Marcure for their helpful cooperation in having both volumes edited and published on schedule.
    Description / Table of Contents: Control theory and social change: toward a synthesis of the system and action approachesCybernetic theorems on feedback in social processes -- A. SIGGS information theoretic characterization of qualitative knowing: cybernetic and SIGGS theory models -- Role playing in the interview: towards a theory of artifacts in the survey-interview -- Alteration of information in channels: a cross-level analysis -- Temporalization of complexity -- Simulation of large-scale systems by aggregation -- Reality-simulation: a feedback loop -- Disciplinary prestige and the accuracy of social predictions as a deviation-amplifying feedback.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9781461340997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (107p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1. General background to the problem -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Historical evolution of the problem -- 2. Analysis by country of city-centre policy -- 2.1. Germany -- 2.2. Belgium -- 2.3. Denmark -- 2.4. France -- 2.5. Ireland -- 2.6. Italy -- 2.7. Luxemburg -- 2.8. The Netherlands -- 2.9. The United Kingdom -- 3. Synthesis of the problems of the city centres -- 3.1. Physical image -- 3.2. The effect of expansion of the office sector -- 3.3. The economics of land and its impact in city centre renovation -- 3.4. City centre residents -- 3.5. Transportation -- 3.6. Protection of monuments and sites -- 3.7. The urban environment -- 4. Different approaches to the problem -- 4.1. A typology of city centres -- 4.2. A search for solutions -- 4.3. Judicial and administrative means -- 4.4. The role of the international organizations -- 5. Policy objectives -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Policies -- 6. Recommendations for the short term -- 6.1. A conference on a European policy for improving the inner-city environment -- 6.2. Seminars on particular problems of city centres -- 6.3. Privileged enterprises -- 6.4. European pilot-projets for improvement of the environment of inner cities -- 7. Proposals for studies -- 7.1. Study of the supply and demand for office space on a community-wide basis -- 7.2. Working group for land use policy -- 7.3. Study of the application of master planning.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. General background to the problem1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Historical evolution of the problem -- 2. Analysis by country of city-centre policy -- 2.1. Germany -- 2.2. Belgium -- 2.3. Denmark -- 2.4. France -- 2.5. Ireland -- 2.6. Italy -- 2.7. Luxemburg -- 2.8. The Netherlands -- 2.9. The United Kingdom -- 3. Synthesis of the problems of the city centres -- 3.1. Physical image -- 3.2. The effect of expansion of the office sector -- 3.3. The economics of land and its impact in city centre renovation -- 3.4. City centre residents -- 3.5. Transportation -- 3.6. Protection of monuments and sites -- 3.7. The urban environment -- 4. Different approaches to the problem -- 4.1. A typology of city centres -- 4.2. A search for solutions -- 4.3. Judicial and administrative means -- 4.4. The role of the international organizations -- 5. Policy objectives -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Policies -- 6. Recommendations for the short term -- 6.1. A conference on a European policy for improving the inner-city environment -- 6.2. Seminars on particular problems of city centres -- 6.3. Privileged enterprises -- 6.4. European pilot-projets for improvement of the environment of inner cities -- 7. Proposals for studies -- 7.1. Study of the supply and demand for office space on a community-wide basis -- 7.2. Working group for land use policy -- 7.3. Study of the application of master planning.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461598701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Longevity in Man and Animals -- 2 The Emergence of Man -- 3 Geographical Medicine -- 4 Problems of Nutrition -- 5 New Diseases -- 6 Gloom and Doom -- 7 Stress in a Crowded World -- 8 Genetics and Inheritance -- 9 Cardio-Vascular Disease—Horror and Dismay -- 10 Cancer—Ignorance and Fear -- 11 Inflating the Balloon -- Appendix: Stress and Cardio-Vascular Disease.
    Abstract: Environment of Man is the eighth of the Croom Helm series of mono­ graphs on Biology and the Environment. The first volume, by this author, was a straightforward review of the principles of ecology as applied to the history of the earth. The second volume by J.L. Cloudesley-Thompson applied ecological principles to terrestrial habitats, and was followed by two volumes by C. F. Hickling and E. J. Ferguson-Wood on the ecology of aquatic habitats. The fifth volume, by Robert L. Snyder, reviews the natural ecological safeguards which control excessive growth of popUlation and discusses how these are operative in relation to the human race. Snyder's volume introduces man to the ecological scene and leads to the monograph by L. Harrison Matthews on the relationships of man with wildlife. In the seventh volume, Sir Cedric Stanton Hicks introduces us to the effects of agriculture on the ecology of the earth.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Longevity in Man and Animals2 The Emergence of Man -- 3 Geographical Medicine -- 4 Problems of Nutrition -- 5 New Diseases -- 6 Gloom and Doom -- 7 Stress in a Crowded World -- 8 Genetics and Inheritance -- 9 Cardio-Vascular Disease-Horror and Dismay -- 10 Cancer-Ignorance and Fear -- 11 Inflating the Balloon -- Appendix: Stress and Cardio-Vascular Disease.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9781468424751
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Radiation: UV-A in Perspective -- 2 Sources of UV-A -- Solar Ultraviolet Radiation -- Summary -- Artificial Sources of UV-A -- Ultraviolet Spectral Transmission and Reflection of Common Materials -- References -- 3 Radiometry of Ultraviolet Radiation -- and General Considerations of Radiometry -- Detectors -- Spectral Filters and Input Optics -- Appendix: U.S. Manufacturers of UV-Related Instrumentation -- 4 Optical Properties of the Skin and Eyes -- Structure of the Skin -- Factors Affecting Penetration and Absorption of Ultraviolet Radiation in the Skin -- Measurements of the Penetration and Reflection of Optical Radiation in Skin -- Ultraviolet Optics for the Eye -- References -- 5 Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Microorganisms and Animal Cells -- Effect of Ultraviolet on Cells -- DNA Repair -- Effects of UV-A -- Summary -- References -- 6 Immediate and Short-Term Biologic Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Normal Skin -- Erythema -- Histology -- UV and Epidermal Macromolecular Synthesis -- Effects of UV-A on Mucous Membrane -- Tanning -- References -- 7 Adverse Cutaneous Reactions to UV-A -- Chemical Photosensitivity -- Persistent Light Reactivity -- Actinic Reticuloid -- Polymorphous Light Eruption -- Solar Urticaria -- Porphyrias and Other Endogenous Photosensitization Syndromes -- Melasma and Ephelides -- Management of U V-A-Induced Dermatoses -- References -- 8 Skin Aging and Carcinogenesis Due to Ultraviolet Radiation -- Incidence of Skin Cancers in Man -- Epidemiologic Evidence Supporting the Role of Sunlight -- Mechanisms of UV Carcinogenesis -- Action Spectrum of Animal Photocarcinogenesis and the Carcinogenic Effects of UV-A -- Other Factors Influencing or Associated with Development of Skin Cancer -- Ultraviolet Radiation and Aging -- References -- 9 Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Eye -- Morphology and Histology of the Cornea and the Lens -- Histologic Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation -- Action Spectrum of Ocular Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation -- Corneal and Lenticular Effects of Longwave Ultraviolet Radiation -- Effects of U V-A in the Retina -- The Ocular Effects of UV-A Exposure in the Presence of Photosensitizing Compounds (Psoralens) -- Summary: UV-A Exposure of the Eye -- References -- 10 Uses of UV-A Involving Exposure of Humans -- Therapeutic Uses of Ultraviolet Radiation -- Ultraviolet Treatment of Psoriasis -- Photochemotherapy -- Oral Psoralen Photochemotherapy -- UV-A-Activated Polymerization of Resinous Dental Restorations -- Diagnostic Uses of UV-A -- References -- 11 Safety Measures and Protection Against Ultraviolet Exposure -- Ultraviolet Exposure Safety Standards -- Sunscreens -- Eye Protection against Ultraviolet Radiation -- References.
    Abstract: The origin of this text was a request by industry and government to summarize the biological effects and to estimate the limits of safe exposure to longwave ul­ traviolet radiation. The specific issue was the safety of a small medium-pressure mercury arc designed to emit UV-A (NUVA-Lite, L. D. Caulk Co. , Milford, Delaware) for photopolymerization of resinous fillings used in dentistry. How-­ ever, the context grew to become a consideration of the risks and benefits to hu­ mans of electromagnetic radiation between the biologically active short UV and the visible spectrum. We have accumulated data from our own experimental work and from the literature and have attempted to put this information in the perspective of known biologic effects of ultraviolet radiation as it influences hu­ mans. Interest in the biological effects of longwave ultraviolet radiation is increas­ ing in all of the many scientific disciplines that make up the complex field of photobiology. In order to minimize the chance for error and personal prejudice and to maximize the use of expertise, each chapter has been reviewed by several authorities. Some of the contributions of this group led to significant alterations and creative additions to the chapter, and these persons deserve not only our sin­ cere gratitude but also recognition by the reader. These include Chapters 2 and 3: Dr. Robert E. Levin, Mr. Charles P. Comeau, Mr. Donald Gonser, Dr. David Sliney; Chapter 5: Dr. Jerry Williams, Dr. Robert Webb, Dr. Madhu A.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Radiation: UV-A in Perspective2 Sources of UV-A -- Solar Ultraviolet Radiation -- Summary -- Artificial Sources of UV-A -- Ultraviolet Spectral Transmission and Reflection of Common Materials -- References -- 3 Radiometry of Ultraviolet Radiation -- and General Considerations of Radiometry -- Detectors -- Spectral Filters and Input Optics -- Appendix: U.S. Manufacturers of UV-Related Instrumentation -- 4 Optical Properties of the Skin and Eyes -- Structure of the Skin -- Factors Affecting Penetration and Absorption of Ultraviolet Radiation in the Skin -- Measurements of the Penetration and Reflection of Optical Radiation in Skin -- Ultraviolet Optics for the Eye -- References -- 5 Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Microorganisms and Animal Cells -- Effect of Ultraviolet on Cells -- DNA Repair -- Effects of UV-A -- Summary -- References -- 6 Immediate and Short-Term Biologic Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Normal Skin -- Erythema -- Histology -- UV and Epidermal Macromolecular Synthesis -- Effects of UV-A on Mucous Membrane -- Tanning -- References -- 7 Adverse Cutaneous Reactions to UV-A -- Chemical Photosensitivity -- Persistent Light Reactivity -- Actinic Reticuloid -- Polymorphous Light Eruption -- Solar Urticaria -- Porphyrias and Other Endogenous Photosensitization Syndromes -- Melasma and Ephelides -- Management of U V-A-Induced Dermatoses -- References -- 8 Skin Aging and Carcinogenesis Due to Ultraviolet Radiation -- Incidence of Skin Cancers in Man -- Epidemiologic Evidence Supporting the Role of Sunlight -- Mechanisms of UV Carcinogenesis -- Action Spectrum of Animal Photocarcinogenesis and the Carcinogenic Effects of UV-A -- Other Factors Influencing or Associated with Development of Skin Cancer -- Ultraviolet Radiation and Aging -- References -- 9 Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Eye -- Morphology and Histology of the Cornea and the Lens -- Histologic Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation -- Action Spectrum of Ocular Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation -- Corneal and Lenticular Effects of Longwave Ultraviolet Radiation -- Effects of U V-A in the Retina -- The Ocular Effects of UV-A Exposure in the Presence of Photosensitizing Compounds (Psoralens) -- Summary: UV-A Exposure of the Eye -- References -- 10 Uses of UV-A Involving Exposure of Humans -- Therapeutic Uses of Ultraviolet Radiation -- Ultraviolet Treatment of Psoriasis -- Photochemotherapy -- Oral Psoralen Photochemotherapy -- UV-A-Activated Polymerization of Resinous Dental Restorations -- Diagnostic Uses of UV-A -- References -- 11 Safety Measures and Protection Against Ultraviolet Exposure -- Ultraviolet Exposure Safety Standards -- Sunscreens -- Eye Protection against Ultraviolet Radiation -- References.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9781468469851
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Keynote Papers -- Session I. Production and Extraction of Microbial Enzymes -- Session II. Industrial Applications of Enzymes: Engineering Aspects -- Session III. Study of Modified, Stabilized, and Immobilized Enzymes -- Session IV. New Medical Applications for Enzymes -- Session V. Industrial Applications for Enzymes: State of the Art -- Session VI. Multienzyme Systems, Immobilized Whole Cells, and Organelles -- Session VII. Fundamentals of Solid Phase Biochemistry -- Session VIII. Application of Affinity Methods and New Purification Procedures -- Guidelines for the Characterization of Immobilized Enzymes: A Proposal -- List of Participants.
    Abstract: The unique catalytic properties of enzymes and the numerous techniques for immobilization of enzymes and cells continue to maintain a high degree of practical and scientific interest in this area called Enzyme Engineering. This fourth International Enzyme Engineering Confer­ ence was the first to be held outside of the United States. Europe was chosen as the site primarily to en­ able greater participation by investigators from that continent. The Engineering Foundation of New York, which was the principal sponsor of the first three conferences, was most fortunate in having the DECHEMA (Deutsche Gesell­ schaft fur chemisches Apparatewesen e. V.) of Frankfurt (Main), F. R. Germany as the cosponsor for this fourth conference. The success of the conference also was due in large part to the generous financial support, especially by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany, as well as by European enzyme and chemical companies. The fourth conference, held September 25-30, 1977 at Bad Neuenahr, Federal Republic of Germany was certainly successful, with 240 participants from 23 countries, repre­ senting many academic disciplines and occupational special­ ties. At this conference special emphasis was placed on the immobilization of whole cells and organelles, medical applications of immobilized enzymes and organelles, and the industrial status and future for immobilized biological materials.
    Description / Table of Contents: Keynote PapersSession I. Production and Extraction of Microbial Enzymes -- Session II. Industrial Applications of Enzymes: Engineering Aspects -- Session III. Study of Modified, Stabilized, and Immobilized Enzymes -- Session IV. New Medical Applications for Enzymes -- Session V. Industrial Applications for Enzymes: State of the Art -- Session VI. Multienzyme Systems, Immobilized Whole Cells, and Organelles -- Session VII. Fundamentals of Solid Phase Biochemistry -- Session VIII. Application of Affinity Methods and New Purification Procedures -- Guidelines for the Characterization of Immobilized Enzymes: A Proposal -- List of Participants.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9781468471915
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (121p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction. -- 1.0 Introduction -- 1.1 The Concept of Failure -- 1.2 Aim and Outline of the Study -- 2. Recent Studies. -- 2.0 Introduction -- 2.1 Discriminant Analysis and the Prediction of Corporate Failure -- 2.2 Usual Foundations for the Choice of used Ratios -- 2.3 A Univariate Model -- 2.4 Multivariate Models -- 2.5 Evaluation -- 3. A Failure Prediction Model With Financial Ratios as Prediction Variables. -- 3.0 Introduction. -- 3.1 Donaldson’s Approach -- 3.2 A Definition of Failure in Terms of Cash Flow Concepts -- 3.3 Choice of a Failure Prediction Model.. -- 3.4 Identification of Prediction Variables of the Failure Prediction Model. -- 4. The Failure Prediction Model With The Levels of Ratios as Prediction Variables. -- 4.0 Introduction -- 4.1 Sample Design and Data -- 4.2 The Prediction Equations -- 5. A Failure Prediction Model With The Developments of Ratios over Time as Prediction Variables. -- 5.0 Introduction -- 5.1 The Variables of the Model -- 6. The Fitted Failure Prediction Model With The Developments of Ratios over Time as Prediction Variables. -- 6.0 Introduction -- 6.1 Sample Data -- 6.2 The Prediction Equations -- 6.3 Comparison of the Prediction Quality of the Level-variables Model with the Level-and Trend-variables Model -- 7. Practical use of Failure Prediction Models in Lending Decisions. -- 7.0 Introduction -- 7.1 Subjective Expectations -- 7.2 Bayes’Theorem -- 7.3 Lending Decisions -- 8. Value of Information From a Failure Prediction Model. -- 8.0 Introduction -- 8.1 Value of Information -- 8.2 The Relationship between the expected Loss of Three Lending Decision Models -- 8.3 Application of Two Discriminant Models in Lending Decisions -- 9. Summary and Conclusions -- APPENDIX 1: Sample Listing -- APPENDIX 2: Prediction Performance of the Model in later Years. . -- APPENDIX 3: Secondary Sample Listing -- REFERENCES.
    Abstract: 1. 0 INTRODUCTION. In this chapter we define first in Section I. I the concept of failure used in this study. Thereafter, we discuss briefly the causes and possible consequ­ ences of failure. Finally, we explain in Section 1. 2 the aim of this study. 1. 1 THE CONCEPT OF FAILURE. In this monograph we investigate the predictability of corporate failure. By 'failure' we understand the inability of a firm to pay its obligations when these fall due (i. e. technical cash insolvency). (Walter 1957 and Donaldson 1962 and 1969). Failure mostly appears in a critical situation as a consequ­ ence of a sharp decline in sales. Such a decline can be caused by a recession, the loss of an important customer, shortage of a raw material, deficiencies of management, etc. The ability to predict corporate failure is important for all parties involved in the corporation, in particular for management and investors. An early warning signal of probable failure will enable them to take preventive measures: changes in operating policy or reorganization of financial structure, but also voluntary liquidation will usually shorten the period over which losses are incurred. The possibility to predict failure is important also from a social point of view, because such an event is an indication of misallocation of resources; prediction provides opportunities to take corrective measures. (See also Lev 1974, p. 134). 1. 2 AIM AND OUTLINE OF THE STUDY.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction.1.0 Introduction -- 1.1 The Concept of Failure -- 1.2 Aim and Outline of the Study -- 2. Recent Studies. -- 2.0 Introduction -- 2.1 Discriminant Analysis and the Prediction of Corporate Failure -- 2.2 Usual Foundations for the Choice of used Ratios -- 2.3 A Univariate Model -- 2.4 Multivariate Models -- 2.5 Evaluation -- 3. A Failure Prediction Model With Financial Ratios as Prediction Variables. -- 3.0 Introduction. -- 3.1 Donaldson’s Approach -- 3.2 A Definition of Failure in Terms of Cash Flow Concepts -- 3.3 Choice of a Failure Prediction Model. -- 3.4 Identification of Prediction Variables of the Failure Prediction Model. -- 4. The Failure Prediction Model With The Levels of Ratios as Prediction Variables. -- 4.0 Introduction -- 4.1 Sample Design and Data -- 4.2 The Prediction Equations -- 5. A Failure Prediction Model With The Developments of Ratios over Time as Prediction Variables. -- 5.0 Introduction -- 5.1 The Variables of the Model -- 6. The Fitted Failure Prediction Model With The Developments of Ratios over Time as Prediction Variables. -- 6.0 Introduction -- 6.1 Sample Data -- 6.2 The Prediction Equations -- 6.3 Comparison of the Prediction Quality of the Level-variables Model with the Level-and Trend-variables Model -- 7. Practical use of Failure Prediction Models in Lending Decisions. -- 7.0 Introduction -- 7.1 Subjective Expectations -- 7.2 Bayes’Theorem -- 7.3 Lending Decisions -- 8. Value of Information From a Failure Prediction Model. -- 8.0 Introduction -- 8.1 Value of Information -- 8.2 The Relationship between the expected Loss of Three Lending Decision Models -- 8.3 Application of Two Discriminant Models in Lending Decisions -- 9. Summary and Conclusions -- APPENDIX 1: Sample Listing -- APPENDIX 2: Prediction Performance of the Model in later Years. . -- APPENDIX 3: Secondary Sample Listing -- REFERENCES.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9781468423945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Aversively Motivated Behavior as a Tool in Psychopharmacologic AnalysisI. Introduction -- II. Theoretical Models -- III. Components of Avoidance Behavior-Implications for Psychopharmacology -- IV. Strategies for the Assessment of Treatment Effects -- V. General Summary -- References -- 2 Behavioral Genetics and Animal Learning -- I. Introduction -- II. Basic Concepts and Methods -- III. Major Research Questions -- IV. Mendelian Inheritance, Pleiotropy, and Relations between Characters -- References -- 3 Neurochemical Changes Elicited by Stress: Behavioral Correlates -- I. Introduction -- II. Effects of Acute Stress on Levels and Turnover of NE, DA, and 5-HT -- III. Stress-Induced Increases in Amine Levels -- IV. Neurochemical Change and Coping Style -- V. Hormonal Changes after Stress -- VI. Genetic Factors -- VII. Stress-Induced Neurochemical Changes: Implications for Avoidance Behavior -- VIII. Implications for Human Behavior -- IX. Overview -- References -- 4 Cholinergic Mechanisms and Aversively Motivated Behaviors -- I. Introduction -- II. Selected Neurochemical Aspects of Cholinergic Drug Action -- III. Behavioral Effects of Muscarinic Agonists and Antagonists -- IV. Sites of Drug Action -- V. Nicotinic Stimulation and Blockade -- VI. General Conclusions -- References -- 5 Monoamines and Aversively Motivated Behaviors -- I. Introduction -- II. Neuropharmacology of the Monoamines -- III. Some Aspects of the Neuropharmacology of the Monamines -- IV. Catecholaminergic Mechanisms and Nonassociative Behavioral Change -- V. Catecholaminergic Mechanisms and Aversively Motivated Behaviors -- VI. Serotonergic Mechanisms and Aversively Motivated Behaviors -- VII. Conclusions -- References -- 6 Hallucinogens -- I. Introduction -- II. The General Pharmacology of Hallucinogens -- III. Effects of Hallucinogens on Animal Behavior -- IV. Current Models and Hypotheses for the Effects of Hallucinogens -- V. Relevance to Human Effects -- VI. Conclusion -- References -- 7 Effects of Neuroleptics, Ethanol, Hypnotic-Sedatives, Tranquilizers, Narcotics, and Minor Stimulants in Aversive Paradigms -- I. Introduction -- II. Neuroleptics (Major Tranquilizers) -- III. Ethanol, Hypnotic-Sedatives, and Minor Tranquilizers -- IV. Narcotic Agonists and Antagonists -- V. Miscellaneous Stimulants -- VI. Conclusions -- References -- 8 Stimulus Attributes of Drugs -- I. Drugs as Unconditioned Punishing Stimuli -- II. Drugs as Unconditioned Reinforcing Stimuli -- III. Drugs as Conditioned Stimuli -- IV. Summary -- References -- 9 A Comparative Neurochemical, Pharmacological, and Functional Analysis of Aversively Motivated Behaviors: Caveats and General Considerations -- I. Theoretical Frameworks for Aversively Motivated Behaviors -- II. Role of Neurochemical Activity in Aversive Situations -- III. Comparative Analysis of Selected Drug-Induced Syndromes -- IV. Relevance of Research on Infrahuman Subjects to Human Psychopharmacology -- V. Conclusions -- References -- Author Index.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9781468424874
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Section I Developmental and Educational Practice -- Assessment of Sensory and Behavioral Functions in Infancy -- Growing Up Social -- Memory Strategies in Learning: Training Children to Study Strategically -- Televised Aggression and Prosocial Behavior -- Application of Basic Research in Reading -- Section II Psychological Practice and Social Problems -- Attitude Change -- Decision Counseling: Theory, Research, and Perspectives for a New Professional Role -- Uses and Abuses of the Polygraph -- Section III Clinical Applications of Basic Research -- Introduction—Health Care: Good Intentions Are Not Enough -- The Consequences of Prematurity: Understanding and Therapy -- Early Visual Experience in Humans: Evidence for a Critical Period in the Development of Binocular Vision -- The Production and Perception of Speech by a Misarticulating Child -- Clinical Applications of Biofeedback: Current Status and Future Prospects -- Section IV Application of Psychophysics and Human Performance Information -- Maneuvering the Mammoth -- Applications of Signal Detection Theory -- Subjective Effort in Relation to Physical Performance and Working Capacity -- A Psychophysical Contribution to Air Safety: Simulator Studies of Visual Illusions in Night Visual Approaches.
    Abstract: This book grew out of discussion at the meetings of the Board of Sci­ entific Affair,r of the American Psychological Association during the years 1972 through 1975. Members of the board felt that there was general misunderstanding by the public about the role of basic research in science. The problem was thought to be particularly severe in the case of the behavioral sciences but it appeared to be a reflection of a more general anti-intellectual attitude in the United States. At the same time basic researchers had been admittedly underconcerned with the prac­ tical application of their results. Yet many thoughtful scientists realize there is a very fruitful interplay between basic research and application. The proposal was made to prepare a book of case studies that demon­ strate the application of basic research in psychology. The book was organized to sample applications from a range of topics in psychology. The editorial board divided up responsibilities for these topics. Herschel W. Leibowitz focused on applications from exper­ imental and engineering psychology and Jerome E. Singer organized the section on applications to social problems. Alfred Steinschneider took responsibility for the section on clinical applications of basic research in psychology and Harold W. Stevenson organized the section on appli­ cations of basic research to developmental and educational problems.
    Description / Table of Contents: Section I Developmental and Educational PracticeAssessment of Sensory and Behavioral Functions in Infancy -- Growing Up Social -- Memory Strategies in Learning: Training Children to Study Strategically -- Televised Aggression and Prosocial Behavior -- Application of Basic Research in Reading -- Section II Psychological Practice and Social Problems -- Attitude Change -- Decision Counseling: Theory, Research, and Perspectives for a New Professional Role -- Uses and Abuses of the Polygraph -- Section III Clinical Applications of Basic Research -- Introduction-Health Care: Good Intentions Are Not Enough -- The Consequences of Prematurity: Understanding and Therapy -- Early Visual Experience in Humans: Evidence for a Critical Period in the Development of Binocular Vision -- The Production and Perception of Speech by a Misarticulating Child -- Clinical Applications of Biofeedback: Current Status and Future Prospects -- Section IV Application of Psychophysics and Human Performance Information -- Maneuvering the Mammoth -- Applications of Signal Detection Theory -- Subjective Effort in Relation to Physical Performance and Working Capacity -- A Psychophysical Contribution to Air Safety: Simulator Studies of Visual Illusions in Night Visual Approaches.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9781468433814
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Aerospace Engineering -- 2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communicatiohs Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology and Earth Science -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Science -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering, Water Pollution, and Water Resources -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
    Abstract: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis­ seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac­ tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 22 (thesis year 1977) a total of 10,658 theses titles from 28 Canadian and 227 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 22 reports theses submitted in 1977, on occasion, certain universities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Aerospace Engineering2. Agricultural Economics, Sciences, and Engineering -- 3. Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning -- 4. Astronomy -- 5. Astrophysics -- 6. Ceramic Engineering -- 7. Chemical Engineering -- 8. Chemistry and Biochemistry -- 9. Civil Engineering -- 10. Communicatiohs Engineering and Computer Science -- 11. Cryogenic Engineering -- 12. Electrical Engineering -- 13. Engineering Mechanics -- 14. Engineering Physics -- 15. Engineering Science -- 16. Fuels, Combustion, and Air Pollution -- 17. General and Environmental Engineering -- 18. Geochemistry and Soil Science -- 19. Geological Sciences and Geophysical Engineering -- 20. Geology and Earth Science -- 21. Geophysics -- 22. Industrial Engineering and Operations Research -- 23. Irrigation Engineering -- 24. Marine and Ocean Engineering -- 25. Materials Science and Engineering -- 26. Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering -- 27. Metallurgy -- 28. Meteorology and Atmospheric Science -- 29. Mineralogy and Petrology -- 30. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering -- 31. Missile and Space Systems Engineering -- 32. Nuclear Engineering -- 33. Nuclear Physics -- 34. Nuclear Science -- 35. Oceanography and Marine Science -- 36. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering -- 37. Photogrammetric and Geodetic Engineering -- 38. Physics and Biophysics -- 39. Plastics Engineering -- 40. Wood Technology, Forestry, and Forest Science -- 41. Reactor Science -- 42. Sanitary Engineering, Water Pollution, and Water Resources -- 43. Textile Technology -- 44. Transportation Engineering -- Theses without Specification of School or Department.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461587927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Stimulating One’s own Creativity -- 2 The Transistor -- Early Semiconductor Research -- The Bell Laboratories Program -- Preparations for the Transistor Announcement -- Patent Precautions -- The Transistor Announcement -- The Benefits -- From Surface States to Solid State -- The Double-Dimple Transistor -- Transistor Applications -- Leaving the Beaten Track -- 3 Electronic Music -- Musical Tones -- Harmonic Analysis -- The First Electric Organ -- The Early Days of Radio -- Radio and Electronic Music -- Electronic Developments -- Pitch Stabilization -- Doctoral Research -- The Formant Concept -- Visible Speech -- Formants and Hallformanten -- Engineering Thesis -- The Baldwin Electronic Organ -- Church Organists’ Views -- Formants and Pipe Organ Mixtures -- Several Electrical Musical Analogues -- Electronic Door Chimes -- Radar and High-Frequency Loudspeakers -- Modern Electronic Music -- 4 Lasers -- The Laser -- Laser Fundamentals -- The Metastable State -- The Two-Step Process -- Gas Lasers -- Semiconductor Lasers -- Alignment -- Distance and Length Measurements -- Lasers in Machine Tool Applications -- Interferometric Detection of Footprints -- Lasers in the Supermarket -- Drilling and Welding Applications -- Identification -- Fabric Cutting -- Medical Applications -- Communicating with Light -- Video Disks -- Laser Fusion -- Interdisciplinary Innovation -- 5 Traits -- Help for the Young -- The Value of Praise and Encouragement -- The Value of Creativity for Children -- Other Traits of Creative Youngsters -- Interest in Problems -- Chess-Playing Traits -- Chess Problem Composing -- Computer Chess -- Music -- Religion -- Authorship -- Age -- Needs -- 6 Waveguides -- Early Radio Transmission -- Microwave Waveguides -- The Waveguide as a Transmission Medium -- Phase and Group Velocities -- Long-Distance Transmission -- Millimeter Wavelengths -- The Circular Electric Mode -- Recent Field Tests -- Waveguides and Coaxial Cables -- Dielectric Waveguides -- Metallic Dielectric Waveguides -- Electron Bunching -- Bunchers and Catchers -- Ideal Bunching -- Klystrons -- Velocity Modulation of Waves -- Radar Breakdown Problems -- Wave Coding -- Corrugated Sound-Wave Waveguides -- Pulse Compression Tests -- Chirp -- Natural Waveguides -- Underwater Waveguides -- The SOFAR Channel -- SOFAR Localization -- Nonexplosive Acoustic Uses -- Acoustic Atmospheric Waveguides -- Waveguide Junctions -- Tee Junctions -- Hybrid Junctions -- The Magic Waveguide Junction -- 7 Lenses -- Velocity Focusing -- A Constant-Thickness Lens -- The Metal Plate Lens -- Stepped Lenses -- Radio Relay -- Foamed Dielectric Lenses -- Wider Bandwidth Needs -- Born’s Light Wave Analysis -- The First Artificial Dielectrics -- Sphere and Disk Dielectrics -- Strip Lenses -- The Transcontinental Relay -- The Bell Transcontinental Circuit -- High Refractive Power Lenses -- Path Length Lenses -- Lenses for Loudspeakers -- Microwave Lenses for Sound -- 8 Communications Satellites -- The First Rockets -- The Intercontinental Missile -- The Reentry Problem -- Sputnik -- Initial U.S. Reactions to Sputnik -- Explorer I -- Apollo 11 -- Communications -- Communications and the Space Program -- Orbiting Satellites -- Geostationary Satellites. -- Domestic Satellites -- Direct Broadcast Satellite -- 9 Why Invent? -- Wherewithal -- Renown -- Helping Others -- Eminence -- The Fraternity of Doers -- 10 Radar -- Early History -- The British Beginnings -- The U.S. Beginnings -- Radar Fundamentals -- The Plan Position Display -- The A-Scope Display -- Fire Control Radars -- Other Forms of Military Radar -- Doppler Radar -- Radars for Cars -- Circular Polarization -- An Aircraft-Versus-Submarine Machiavellism -- 11 Holography -- Gabor’s Interdisciplinary Skill -- Holography Fundamentals -- Making a Hologram -- The Complete Hologram Process -- The Hologram of a Scene -- Parallax in Holograms -- Single-Wavelength Nature of Holograms -- Nonoptical Holograms -- Microwave Holograms -- Microwave Holograms and Liquid Crystals -- Ultrasonic Holograms -- Underwater Viewing -- Earth Exploration -- Phase Quadrature -- Laser Holography -- Three-Dimensional Holography -- Information Content -- The Concept of Phase in Holography -- Synthetic Aperture Radar -- Two Recent Holography Developments -- Gabor’s Clairvoyance -- 12 Picturephone -- Visible Speech -- Real Time Sound Analysis -- The Real Time Analyzer -- From Analyzer to Picturephone -- Transmission Cost -- The Experimental Movie -- The First Picturephone -- The Permanent Record Form -- The Announcement to the Press -- Additional Background Information -- Press Reaction -- The Move to Higher-Quality Pictures -- The First Commercial Service -- The Future -- Peroration.
    Abstract: The economic growth and strength of a nation are directly related to the ability of its people to make discoveries and their ability to transform these discoveries into useful products. Ninety percent of the increase in output per capita in the United States from 1909 to 1949 has been held to be attributable to technological advances. In this book, we examine the ways in which a number of important new technologies came into being and review the characteristic traits of inventors who create new technologies. Ways are suggested that could enable young and old alike to become more creative, and the various benefits they can thereby reap are also discussed. A high level of creativity is an important asset for a nation, and therefore a knowledge of ways to increase inventiveness can be of great value. University of Cincinnati President Warren Bennis has noted that "creativity is something most of us seem to lose, or let atrophy, as we leave childhood."· To "rediscover it," he continues, "we must find ways of re-creating our sense of wondering why, of heightening, even altering, our consciousness." Thus the earlier in life one seeks to enhance his creativity, the more successful the results are likely to be.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Stimulating One’s own Creativity2 The Transistor -- Early Semiconductor Research -- The Bell Laboratories Program -- Preparations for the Transistor Announcement -- Patent Precautions -- The Transistor Announcement -- The Benefits -- From Surface States to Solid State -- The Double-Dimple Transistor -- Transistor Applications -- Leaving the Beaten Track -- 3 Electronic Music -- Musical Tones -- Harmonic Analysis -- The First Electric Organ -- The Early Days of Radio -- Radio and Electronic Music -- Electronic Developments -- Pitch Stabilization -- Doctoral Research -- The Formant Concept -- Visible Speech -- Formants and Hallformanten -- Engineering Thesis -- The Baldwin Electronic Organ -- Church Organists’ Views -- Formants and Pipe Organ Mixtures -- Several Electrical Musical Analogues -- Electronic Door Chimes -- Radar and High-Frequency Loudspeakers -- Modern Electronic Music -- 4 Lasers -- The Laser -- Laser Fundamentals -- The Metastable State -- The Two-Step Process -- Gas Lasers -- Semiconductor Lasers -- Alignment -- Distance and Length Measurements -- Lasers in Machine Tool Applications -- Interferometric Detection of Footprints -- Lasers in the Supermarket -- Drilling and Welding Applications -- Identification -- Fabric Cutting -- Medical Applications -- Communicating with Light -- Video Disks -- Laser Fusion -- Interdisciplinary Innovation -- 5 Traits -- Help for the Young -- The Value of Praise and Encouragement -- The Value of Creativity for Children -- Other Traits of Creative Youngsters -- Interest in Problems -- Chess-Playing Traits -- Chess Problem Composing -- Computer Chess -- Music -- Religion -- Authorship -- Age -- Needs -- 6 Waveguides -- Early Radio Transmission -- Microwave Waveguides -- The Waveguide as a Transmission Medium -- Phase and Group Velocities -- Long-Distance Transmission -- Millimeter Wavelengths -- The Circular Electric Mode -- Recent Field Tests -- Waveguides and Coaxial Cables -- Dielectric Waveguides -- Metallic Dielectric Waveguides -- Electron Bunching -- Bunchers and Catchers -- Ideal Bunching -- Klystrons -- Velocity Modulation of Waves -- Radar Breakdown Problems -- Wave Coding -- Corrugated Sound-Wave Waveguides -- Pulse Compression Tests -- Chirp -- Natural Waveguides -- Underwater Waveguides -- The SOFAR Channel -- SOFAR Localization -- Nonexplosive Acoustic Uses -- Acoustic Atmospheric Waveguides -- Waveguide Junctions -- Tee Junctions -- Hybrid Junctions -- The Magic Waveguide Junction -- 7 Lenses -- Velocity Focusing -- A Constant-Thickness Lens -- The Metal Plate Lens -- Stepped Lenses -- Radio Relay -- Foamed Dielectric Lenses -- Wider Bandwidth Needs -- Born’s Light Wave Analysis -- The First Artificial Dielectrics -- Sphere and Disk Dielectrics -- Strip Lenses -- The Transcontinental Relay -- The Bell Transcontinental Circuit -- High Refractive Power Lenses -- Path Length Lenses -- Lenses for Loudspeakers -- Microwave Lenses for Sound -- 8 Communications Satellites -- The First Rockets -- The Intercontinental Missile -- The Reentry Problem -- Sputnik -- Initial U.S. Reactions to Sputnik -- Explorer I -- Apollo 11 -- Communications -- Communications and the Space Program -- Orbiting Satellites -- Geostationary Satellites. -- Domestic Satellites -- Direct Broadcast Satellite -- 9 Why Invent? -- Wherewithal -- Renown -- Helping Others -- Eminence -- The Fraternity of Doers -- 10 Radar -- Early History -- The British Beginnings -- The U.S. Beginnings -- Radar Fundamentals -- The Plan Position Display -- The A-Scope Display -- Fire Control Radars -- Other Forms of Military Radar -- Doppler Radar -- Radars for Cars -- Circular Polarization -- An Aircraft-Versus-Submarine Machiavellism -- 11 Holography -- Gabor’s Interdisciplinary Skill -- Holography Fundamentals -- Making a Hologram -- The Complete Hologram Process -- The Hologram of a Scene -- Parallax in Holograms -- Single-Wavelength Nature of Holograms -- Nonoptical Holograms -- Microwave Holograms -- Microwave Holograms and Liquid Crystals -- Ultrasonic Holograms -- Underwater Viewing -- Earth Exploration -- Phase Quadrature -- Laser Holography -- Three-Dimensional Holography -- Information Content -- The Concept of Phase in Holography -- Synthetic Aperture Radar -- Two Recent Holography Developments -- Gabor’s Clairvoyance -- 12 Picturephone -- Visible Speech -- Real Time Sound Analysis -- The Real Time Analyzer -- From Analyzer to Picturephone -- Transmission Cost -- The Experimental Movie -- The First Picturephone -- The Permanent Record Form -- The Announcement to the Press -- Additional Background Information -- Press Reaction -- The Move to Higher-Quality Pictures -- The First Commercial Service -- The Future -- Peroration.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9781461575450
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 452 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: This is the second volume on "Optical Information Processing" within the scope of the US-USSR Science Cooperation Program co­ sponsored by the US National Science Foundation and the USSR Acad­ emy of Sciences Siberian Branch. Volume I was published in 1976, also by Plenum Press, and con­ tained the papers presented by a group of US and USSR scientists at the First US-USSR Science Cooperation Seminar "Optical Informa­ tion Processing" held at the US National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D. C. from 16 to 20 June 1975. The seminar was followed by a series of visits to US scientific research laboratories and universities, to which the visiting USSR scientists were escorted bv Dr. W. E. Kock and Dr. G. W. Stroke. The visits included Bell Laboratories, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Laboratory and M. I. T. , as reported in detail in the FOREWORD of Volume I. Volume II now presents the papers presented by another group of US and USSR scientists, some having participated in the first seminar: this series of papers was presented at the Second US-USSR Science Cooperation Seminar on "Optical Information Processing" held at the USSR Academy of Sciences Siberian Branch Institute of Auto­ mation and Electrometry in the famous "science city" of Akademgorodok, near Novosibirsk in Siberia, USSR from 10 to 16 July 1976.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468468670
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Third Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: Content -- 1 Apples -- 2 Pears -- 3 Dwarfed Apples and Pears -- 4 Peaches -- 5 Cherries -- 6 Plums -- 7 Apricots and Nectarines.
    Abstract: This is a revised and updated edition of the book Tree Fruit Production, first published in 1959 and extensively revised in the second edition in 1972. Considerable advances have been made in recent years in the scientific production and handling of deciduous tree fruits in North America. This third edition brings together in up-to-date usable text­ book form the essence of pertinent research and practical experience on the subject. Although the principles involved in the different operations of orchard management, such as pruning, soil management, fruit thin­ ning, and harvesting remain constant, practices and techniques have been undergoing considerable change. Economic and social changes have been brought to bear in altering the approach to such aspects of pomology as tree size, plant density, mechanical harvesting, pest control and irrigation. Greatly increased costs of production have swung the emphasis of attention toward the wider use of organic chemicals in the orchard. Growth regulating substances are finding a place in the orchard, not only for fruit thinning, preharvest drop control and weed suppression, but also for other purposes such as promotion of early flowering, tree train­ ing, pruning and the advancement and extension of the harvest season. The trend toward the smaller, more easily and economically managed apple tree which began slowly some three or more decades ago and increased rapidly in subsequent years is now complete.
    Description / Table of Contents: Content1 Apples -- 2 Pears -- 3 Dwarfed Apples and Pears -- 4 Peaches -- 5 Cherries -- 6 Plums -- 7 Apricots and Nectarines.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468482430
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Early Development of Hatch Covers -- 1.1 Introduction to the access problem -- 1.2 Early hatch covers -- 1.3 Failings of wooden hatch covers -- 1.4 The coming of steel hatch covers -- 1.5 Steel hatches after 1927 -- 2 Cargoes and Ships -- Summary -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Dry bulk trades -- 2.3 Bulk liquid trades -- 2.4 Break-bulk general cargo -- 2.5 Unitized cargo -- 2.6 Cargo handling -- 2.7 General arrangement of ships -- 2.8 Dry cargo ship types -- 3 The Influence of Cargo Access Equipment on Ships’ Performance -- Summary -- 3.1 The cost of time in port -- 3.2 Delays in port -- 3.3 Benefits of reduced time in port -- References -- 4 General Requirements for Access Equipment -- Summary -- 4.1 Regulatory requirements -- 4.2 Vertical loading ships -- 4.3 Horizontal loading ships -- 4.4 Operational requirements -- 4.5 General considerations for access equipment -- 4.6 Fabrication and installation -- 4.7 Safety -- References -- 5 Access Equipment in Vertical Loading Ships -- Summary -- 5.1 Types of hatch covers -- 5.2 Single pull covers -- 5.3 Folding covers (hydraulic or wire-operated) -- 5.4 Direct pull covers -- 5.5 Roll stowing covers — ‘Rolltite’ -- 5.6 Side and end rolling covers -- 5.7 Lift and roll covers (piggy-back) -- 5.8 Sliding tween-deck covers -- 5.9 Pontoon covers -- 5.10 Telescopic covers -- 5.11 Flexible rolling covers -- 5.12 Miscellaneous covers -- 6 Access Equipment for Horizontal Loading Ships -- Summary -- 6.1 Design philosophy -- 6.2 Ro-Ro access equipment -- 6.3 Ramps -- 6.4 Bow openings -- 6.5 Elevators -- 6.6 Side doors -- 6.7 Bulkhead doors -- 6.8 Car decks -- 6.9 Dimensions and weights -- References -- 7 Ship Design and Selection of Access Equipment — Bulk Cargo -- Summary -- 7.1 Access equipment for ships carrying dry bulk cargoes -- 7.2 Choice of type of hatch cover -- 7.3 Economic evaluation of alternative equipment -- References -- 8 Ship Design and Selection of Access Equipment — General Cargo -- Summary -- 8.1 Multi-deck break-bulk ships -- 8.2 Container ships -- 8.3 Roll-on/Roll-off ships -- 8.4 Specialized cargo vessels -- 8.5 What sorts of ships are best for general cargo? -- References -- 9 Specific Design Requirements for Access Equipment -- Summary -- 9.1 Hatch covers -- 9.2 Access equipment in horizontal loading ships -- 9.3 Advanced design techniques -- 9.4 Seals -- 9.5 Construction materials -- 9.6 Miscellaneous -- References -- 10 Access Equipment in Service -- Summary -- 10.1 Cargo claims -- 10.2 Hatch cover surveys -- 10.3 Hatch cover defects -- 10.4 Some reasons for hatch leakage -- 10.5 Hatch cover maintenance -- 10.6 Hatch cover maintenance costs -- 10.7 Ro-Ro access equipment maintenance -- 10.8 Ship conversion -- References -- 11 Recent Developments and Prospects -- Summary -- 11.1 Recent developments -- 11.2 Influences on change -- 11.3 Ship types -- 11.4 Materials -- 11.5 Innovation.
    Abstract: As President of International MacGregor I am deeply indebted to the authors of this excellent book for the very considerable amount of work and scholarship it contains. It is the first authoritative work on cargo access equipment to be pubbshed and I am sure that it will be greatly welcomed by the Marine Industries. You will see from the authors' preface that the book was commissioned by the Henri Kummerman Foundation which was established in 1976 to assist and promote internationally research and development in the field of marine transportation and cargo handling. The Foundation has already made a number of grants to universities and to students but this book is its first major contribution to the furthering of education in the Marine Industries. For me, it is a rewarding fruition of a long involvement in maritime affairs. However, much requires to be done in the future and the Foundation can only succeed if it is encouraged and assisted by people who are forward thinking. I should be pleased therefore to hear from any readers of this book if they feel that they can help or be helped within the aims and objectives of the Foundation. 28 Chemin du Pommier, HENRI KUMMERMAN 1218 Geneva, Switzerland.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Early Development of Hatch Covers1.1 Introduction to the access problem -- 1.2 Early hatch covers -- 1.3 Failings of wooden hatch covers -- 1.4 The coming of steel hatch covers -- 1.5 Steel hatches after 1927 -- 2 Cargoes and Ships -- Summary -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Dry bulk trades -- 2.3 Bulk liquid trades -- 2.4 Break-bulk general cargo -- 2.5 Unitized cargo -- 2.6 Cargo handling -- 2.7 General arrangement of ships -- 2.8 Dry cargo ship types -- 3 The Influence of Cargo Access Equipment on Ships’ Performance -- Summary -- 3.1 The cost of time in port -- 3.2 Delays in port -- 3.3 Benefits of reduced time in port -- References -- 4 General Requirements for Access Equipment -- Summary -- 4.1 Regulatory requirements -- 4.2 Vertical loading ships -- 4.3 Horizontal loading ships -- 4.4 Operational requirements -- 4.5 General considerations for access equipment -- 4.6 Fabrication and installation -- 4.7 Safety -- References -- 5 Access Equipment in Vertical Loading Ships -- Summary -- 5.1 Types of hatch covers -- 5.2 Single pull covers -- 5.3 Folding covers (hydraulic or wire-operated) -- 5.4 Direct pull covers -- 5.5 Roll stowing covers - ‘Rolltite’ -- 5.6 Side and end rolling covers -- 5.7 Lift and roll covers (piggy-back) -- 5.8 Sliding tween-deck covers -- 5.9 Pontoon covers -- 5.10 Telescopic covers -- 5.11 Flexible rolling covers -- 5.12 Miscellaneous covers -- 6 Access Equipment for Horizontal Loading Ships -- Summary -- 6.1 Design philosophy -- 6.2 Ro-Ro access equipment -- 6.3 Ramps -- 6.4 Bow openings -- 6.5 Elevators -- 6.6 Side doors -- 6.7 Bulkhead doors -- 6.8 Car decks -- 6.9 Dimensions and weights -- References -- 7 Ship Design and Selection of Access Equipment - Bulk Cargo -- Summary -- 7.1 Access equipment for ships carrying dry bulk cargoes -- 7.2 Choice of type of hatch cover -- 7.3 Economic evaluation of alternative equipment -- References -- 8 Ship Design and Selection of Access Equipment - General Cargo -- Summary -- 8.1 Multi-deck break-bulk ships -- 8.2 Container ships -- 8.3 Roll-on/Roll-off ships -- 8.4 Specialized cargo vessels -- 8.5 What sorts of ships are best for general cargo? -- References -- 9 Specific Design Requirements for Access Equipment -- Summary -- 9.1 Hatch covers -- 9.2 Access equipment in horizontal loading ships -- 9.3 Advanced design techniques -- 9.4 Seals -- 9.5 Construction materials -- 9.6 Miscellaneous -- References -- 10 Access Equipment in Service -- Summary -- 10.1 Cargo claims -- 10.2 Hatch cover surveys -- 10.3 Hatch cover defects -- 10.4 Some reasons for hatch leakage -- 10.5 Hatch cover maintenance -- 10.6 Hatch cover maintenance costs -- 10.7 Ro-Ro access equipment maintenance -- 10.8 Ship conversion -- References -- 11 Recent Developments and Prospects -- Summary -- 11.1 Recent developments -- 11.2 Influences on change -- 11.3 Ship types -- 11.4 Materials -- 11.5 Innovation.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468408140
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 634 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: I Developmental Biology -- 1 Adaptive Mechanisms of Growth Control -- 2 Human Biochemical Development -- 3 Developmental Pharmacology -- 4 Glimpses of Comparative Growth and Development -- II Biometrical Methods in Human Growth -- 5 Statistics of Growth Standards -- 6 Sampling for Growth Studies -- 7 The Mathematical Handling of Long-Term Longitudinal Data -- III Genetics -- 8 Introduction to Genetic Analysis -- 9 The Genetics of Human Fetal Growth -- 10 The Genetics of Birth Weight -- 11 The Genetics of Adult Stature -- 12 The Genetics of Maturational Processes -- IV Prenatal Growth -- 13 Anatomy of the Placenta -- 14 Physiology of the Placenta -- 15 Fetal Measurements -- 16 Implications for Growth in Human Twins -- 17 Association of Fetal Growth with Maternal Nutrition -- 18 Carbohydrate, Fat, and Amino Acid Metabolism in the Pregnant Woman and Fetus -- 19 Pre- and Perinatal Endocrinology -- 20 Development of Immune Responsiveness -- 21 Fetal Growth; Obstetric Implications.
    Abstract: Growth, as we conceive it, is the study of change in an organism not yet mature. Differential growth creates form: external form through growth rates which vary from one part of the body to another and one tissue to another; and internal form through the series of time-entrained events which build up in each cell the special­ ized complexity of its particular function. We make no distinction, then, between growth and development, and if we have not included accounts of differentiation it is simply because we had to draw a quite arbitrary line somewhere. It is only rather recently that those involved in pediatrics and child health have come to realize that growth is the basic science peculiar to their art. It is a science which uses and incorporates the traditional disciplines of anatomy, physiology, biophysics, biochemistry, and biology. It is indeed apart ofbiology, and the study of human growth is a part of the curriculum of the rejuvenated science of Human Biology. What growth is not is aseries of charts of height and weight. Growth standards are useful and necessary, and their construction is by no means void of intellectualchallenge. Theyare a basic instrument in pediatric epidemiology. But they do not appear in this book, any more than clinical accounts of growth disorders. This appears to be the first large handbook-in three volumes-devoted to Human Growth. Smaller textbooks on the subject began to appear in the late nineteenth century, some written by pediatricians and some by anthropologists.
    Description / Table of Contents: I Developmental Biology1 Adaptive Mechanisms of Growth Control -- 2 Human Biochemical Development -- 3 Developmental Pharmacology -- 4 Glimpses of Comparative Growth and Development -- II Biometrical Methods in Human Growth -- 5 Statistics of Growth Standards -- 6 Sampling for Growth Studies -- 7 The Mathematical Handling of Long-Term Longitudinal Data -- III Genetics -- 8 Introduction to Genetic Analysis -- 9 The Genetics of Human Fetal Growth -- 10 The Genetics of Birth Weight -- 11 The Genetics of Adult Stature -- 12 The Genetics of Maturational Processes -- IV Prenatal Growth -- 13 Anatomy of the Placenta -- 14 Physiology of the Placenta -- 15 Fetal Measurements -- 16 Implications for Growth in Human Twins -- 17 Association of Fetal Growth with Maternal Nutrition -- 18 Carbohydrate, Fat, and Amino Acid Metabolism in the Pregnant Woman and Fetus -- 19 Pre- and Perinatal Endocrinology -- 20 Development of Immune Responsiveness -- 21 Fetal Growth; Obstetric Implications.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468425802
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The Activation of Enzymes with Light -- 2. Radiation Synergism and Antagonism -- 3. The Melanins: Their Synthesis and Structure -- 4. The Role of Mutagenesis in Carcinogenesis -- 5. Physical Properties of Excited States: A General Method for Measuring Triplet-Triplet Extinction Coefficients, Singlet-Triplet Intersystem Crossing Efficiences, and Related Parameters -- 6. Mapping the Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins by Photochemical Techniques -- 7. The Use of Microwaves for the Hyperthermic Treatment of Cancer: Advantages and Disadvantages.
    Abstract: The goals of the science of photobiology can be divided into four categories: to develop (I) ways to optimize the beneficial effects of light on man and his environment, (2) methods to protect organisms, including man, from the detrimental effects of light, (3) photochemical tools for use in studies of life processes, and (4) photochemical therapies in medicine. To achieve these goals will require the knowledgeable collaboration of biologists, chemists, engineers, mathematicians, physicians, and physicists; because photobiology is a truly multidisciplinary science. While a multi­ disciplinary science is more intellectually demanding, it also has a greater potential for unexpected breakthroughs that can occur when data from several areas of science are integrated into new concepts for theoretical or practical use. Photochemical and Photobiological Reviews continues to provide in­ depth coverage of the many specialty areas of photobiology. It is hoped that these reviews will provide an important service to the younger scientists in the field and to senior scientists in related fields, because they provide a ready access to the recent literature in the field, and more importantly, they frequently offer a critical evaluation of the direction that the field is taking, or suggest a redirection when appropriate. Kendric C. Smith Editor vii Contents v Contents of Earlier Volumes ...................................... . Preface ............................................... . vii Chapter 1. The Activation of Enzymes with Light ................... .
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Activation of Enzymes with Light2. Radiation Synergism and Antagonism -- 3. The Melanins: Their Synthesis and Structure -- 4. The Role of Mutagenesis in Carcinogenesis -- 5. Physical Properties of Excited States: A General Method for Measuring Triplet-Triplet Extinction Coefficients, Singlet-Triplet Intersystem Crossing Efficiences, and Related Parameters -- 6. Mapping the Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins by Photochemical Techniques -- 7. The Use of Microwaves for the Hyperthermic Treatment of Cancer: Advantages and Disadvantages.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489972309
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Outline Studies in Biology
    DDC: 571.6
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Cytology
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461328865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History, Ancient.
    Abstract: 1 The Silent Elite: Biologists and the Shaping of Science Policy -- 2 Scientific Basis for the Support of Biomedical Science -- 3 Informing the Public: Fiscal Returns of Biomedical Research -- 4 Of Questions and Committees -- 5 On the Planning of Science -- 6 Influence of NIH Policy Past and Present on the University Health Education Complex -- 7 Much Ado about Recombinant DNA Regulations -- 8 The Place of Biomedical Science in National Health Policy -- 9 Beyond the Warring Elements: A Search for Balance in Health Funding -- 10 The Formulation of Health Policy -- 11 Specialization as Scientific Advancement and Overspecialization as Social Distortion -- 12 The Education of Black Health Professionals -- 13 Women in Health Care Decision Making -- 14 Technology Assessment and Genetics.
    Abstract: This volume brings together the views of authors involved in many aspects of biomedicine-from research on basic biology to clinical invest­ igation of the causes and treatment of human disease to hospital adminis­ tration ·to health care planning on the state and Federal levels to Con­ gressionallegislation covering biomedical research, medical education, the development of medical technology, and the delivery of health care. The purpose is not to present a "party line" representing a consensus of these often divergent viewpoints, and we do not suggest that we have found solutions to the many problems encountered in the interaction of scientists, administrators, legislators, and the recipients of health care. These articles are intended primarily to communicate to both biomedical scientists and intelligent laymen the processes, social and political as well as scientific, whereby biomedical science advances, and the need for biomedical scientists to take an interest and initiative not only in scientific research but also in research on health care delivery and in related public issues before the legislative and administrative branches of government.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Silent Elite: Biologists and the Shaping of Science Policy2 Scientific Basis for the Support of Biomedical Science -- 3 Informing the Public: Fiscal Returns of Biomedical Research -- 4 Of Questions and Committees -- 5 On the Planning of Science -- 6 Influence of NIH Policy Past and Present on the University Health Education Complex -- 7 Much Ado about Recombinant DNA Regulations -- 8 The Place of Biomedical Science in National Health Policy -- 9 Beyond the Warring Elements: A Search for Balance in Health Funding -- 10 The Formulation of Health Policy -- 11 Specialization as Scientific Advancement and Overspecialization as Social Distortion -- 12 The Education of Black Health Professionals -- 13 Women in Health Care Decision Making -- 14 Technology Assessment and Genetics.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461333845
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 The Development of the Sports Car -- Motor sport -- The sports car -- The history of the sports car -- The first sports car -- The fabulous years -- Historic sports cars -- The future of the sports car -- 2 The Engine: Combustion -- Cylinder head history -- Combustion chamber research -- Volumetric efficiency -- Knock -- Limiting compression ratio -- Types of combustion chamber -- 3 The Engine: Induction and Exhaust -- The induction system -- The 4-cylinder in-line engine -- The 6-cylinder in-line engine -- The V-8 engine -- Ramming induction pipes -- Ramming pipe theory -- Forward-ram intakes -- Cold-air intakes -- The exhaust system -- The silencer -- Ramming exhaust pipes -- Branched exhaust pipes -- 4 The Engine: Valve Gear -- Push-rod valve operation -- Double overhead valve operation -- Single overhead camshaft head -- The four-valve head -- Desmodromic operation -- 5 The Engine: Fuel Metering -- The carburettor -- The S.U. principle -- The H.I.F. model -- Fuel injection -- Lucas electronic fuel injection -- Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical system -- 6 The Engine: Miscellaneous Components -- The crankcase -- The crankshaft -- Crankshaft bearings: bearing pressures: bearing materials -- General lubrication -- Pistons -- Cooling: air cooling: water cooling -- The ignition system: sparking plugs: the conventional coil ignition: new ignition developments -- 7 Road-Holding -- Tyres: the grip on the road: the tyre footprint -- Cornering power -- Tyre construction -- Aquaplaning -- Cornering behaviour: oversteer and understeer: rear wheel drive: front wheel drive: braking -- The mid-engined sports car -- Factors leading to understeer -- 8 The Suspension -- Springs -- Pitching -- Independent suspension -- Shimmy and tramp -- Representative designs: Jaguar, Porsche, Datsun, Aston Martin -- The suspension damper: double-tube damper: single tube damper -- 9 The Chassis, Frame and Body -- Materials -- Torsional stiffness -- The tubular frame -- Unitary body-chassis construction -- The backbone chassis -- The shape of the body: drag coefficients, lift at high speed, the air dam, directional stability at high speed -- 10 The Transmission -- Torque multiplication -- The gear ratios -- The overdrive -- Synchromesh -- The automatic transmission -- The clutch -- The final drive -- Universal joints -- The limited slip differential -- 11 The Brakes -- The grip on the road -- Braking forces -- Weight transference under braking -- Brake fade -- Disc brakes: disc brakes for the high-speed sports car, pad materials -- 12 Performance -- Standards of performance -- The meaning of power -- Acceleration: acceleration times for 0–60 m.p.h., the concept of effective mass -- Maximum speed -- 13 The Sports Car in the Future -- The Engine: promising alternatives, the gas turbine, rotating combustion engines, the Diesel engine, the Stirling engine, the steam engine -- Petrol engine developments: stratified charge: turbocharging: air fuel ratio control -- The transmission -- Tyres and suspension: no-roll suspension -- Braking -- The long-life car -- 14 Design Studies -- The Jaguar -- The Lotus -- The Mercedes -- The Porsche.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Development of the Sports CarMotor sport -- The sports car -- The history of the sports car -- The first sports car -- The fabulous years -- Historic sports cars -- The future of the sports car -- 2 The Engine: Combustion -- Cylinder head history -- Combustion chamber research -- Volumetric efficiency -- Knock -- Limiting compression ratio -- Types of combustion chamber -- 3 The Engine: Induction and Exhaust -- The induction system -- The 4-cylinder in-line engine -- The 6-cylinder in-line engine -- The V-8 engine -- Ramming induction pipes -- Ramming pipe theory -- Forward-ram intakes -- Cold-air intakes -- The exhaust system -- The silencer -- Ramming exhaust pipes -- Branched exhaust pipes -- 4 The Engine: Valve Gear -- Push-rod valve operation -- Double overhead valve operation -- Single overhead camshaft head -- The four-valve head -- Desmodromic operation -- 5 The Engine: Fuel Metering -- The carburettor -- The S.U. principle -- The H.I.F. model -- Fuel injection -- Lucas electronic fuel injection -- Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical system -- 6 The Engine: Miscellaneous Components -- The crankcase -- The crankshaft -- Crankshaft bearings: bearing pressures: bearing materials -- General lubrication -- Pistons -- Cooling: air cooling: water cooling -- The ignition system: sparking plugs: the conventional coil ignition: new ignition developments -- 7 Road-Holding -- Tyres: the grip on the road: the tyre footprint -- Cornering power -- Tyre construction -- Aquaplaning -- Cornering behaviour: oversteer and understeer: rear wheel drive: front wheel drive: braking -- The mid-engined sports car -- Factors leading to understeer -- 8 The Suspension -- Springs -- Pitching -- Independent suspension -- Shimmy and tramp -- Representative designs: Jaguar, Porsche, Datsun, Aston Martin -- The suspension damper: double-tube damper: single tube damper -- 9 The Chassis, Frame and Body -- Materials -- Torsional stiffness -- The tubular frame -- Unitary body-chassis construction -- The backbone chassis -- The shape of the body: drag coefficients, lift at high speed, the air dam, directional stability at high speed -- 10 The Transmission -- Torque multiplication -- The gear ratios -- The overdrive -- Synchromesh -- The automatic transmission -- The clutch -- The final drive -- Universal joints -- The limited slip differential -- 11 The Brakes -- The grip on the road -- Braking forces -- Weight transference under braking -- Brake fade -- Disc brakes: disc brakes for the high-speed sports car, pad materials -- 12 Performance -- Standards of performance -- The meaning of power -- Acceleration: acceleration times for 0-60 m.p.h., the concept of effective mass -- Maximum speed -- 13 The Sports Car in the Future -- The Engine: promising alternatives, the gas turbine, rotating combustion engines, the Diesel engine, the Stirling engine, the steam engine -- Petrol engine developments: stratified charge: turbocharging: air fuel ratio control -- The transmission -- Tyres and suspension: no-roll suspension -- Braking -- The long-life car -- 14 Design Studies -- The Jaguar -- The Lotus -- The Mercedes -- The Porsche.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475704747
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 242 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Soviet Science, Physical Sciences
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Physics ; Lasers.
    Abstract: I. Introductory Remarks -- §1. Some Definitions -- §2. The Sonar Model -- §3. Sonar and Radar -- §4. Statistical Problems of Sonar -- II. Procedural Fundamentals of Experimental Research in Sonar -- §5. Principal Tasks of Experimental Research -- §6. The Structural Diagram of Quantitative Experimental Research -- §7. Discrimination Functional of the Probability Characteristic and Its Statistical Estimate -- §8. The Base Model -- §9. Interpretation of Experimental Results -- §10. Objects of Experimental Research in Sonar -- III. Probability Models of Hydroacoustic Signals -- §11. Varieties of Models -- §12. A Priori Information and Probability Models -- §13. Methods for Describing Hydroacoustic Signals in Terms of Probability -- §14. Classification of Hydroacoustic Signals -- §15. Canonical Models -- §16. Parametrical Models -- §17. Additive-Multiplicative Constructive Models -- §18. Models in the Form of Oscillations with Random Amplitude and Phase -- §19. Complex Representation of Signals -- IV. The Emitted Signals -- §20. Signal Classification -- §21. Complex Representation of Emitted Signals -- §22. Ambiguity Function and Diagrams -- §23. Signals with Sinusoidal Occupation -- §24. Frequency-Modulating Signals -- §25. Noiselike Signals -- V. Echo Signals -- §26. Classification of Objects of Research and the Conditions under Which They Are Observed -- §27. Representation of Echo Signals and Their Probability Characteristics -- §28. The Model of an Echo Signal of Known Form with Constant Lag and Change in Time Scale -- §29. Echo Signal with Fluctuating Amplitude -- §30. Echo Signal Consisting of an Additive Mixture of a Signal of Known Form and a Random Component -- §31. Echo Signal with Random Amplitude Modulation -- §32. Echo Signal with Random Phase Modulation -- §33. Echo Signal with Random Frequency Modulation -- §34. Model of an Echo Signal in the Form of a Sum of Elementary Signals -- VI. Marine Reverberation -- §35. Classification of Reverberatory Signals -- §36. Discrete Canonical Model of Reverberation -- §37. Complex Representations -- §38. Characteristics of the Random Parameters of Elementary Scattered Signals -- §39. Average Value of Reverberation -- §40. Autocorrelation Function for the Complex Envelope of Reverberation -- §41. Energy Spectrum of the Complex Envelope of Reverberation -- §42. Evaluation of the Frequency-Time Cross-Correlation Function for the Complex Envelopes of the Emitted Signal and Reverberation -- §43. Generalization for the Case of Elementary Scattered Signals of Different Forms -- §44. Space-Time Correlation of Reverberation when Wideband Signals Are Emitted -- §45. One-Dimensional Semi-invariants -- §46. Probability Distributions for Instantaneous Values of Reverberation and Its Envelope -- VII. Problems of Detecting Echo Signals in the Presence of Interference -- §47. Specific Features of Detecting Echo Signals in Sonar -- §48. Probability Characteristics of Detection -- §49. Typical Probability Distributions of the Output Effect -- §50. Incoherent Detection of Simple Echo Signals with a Linear Detector -- §51. Incoherent Detection of a Noiselike Echo Signal with Quadratic Detection and Smoothing (“Energy Detection”) -- §52. Coherent Detection of a Noiselike Echo Signal Using Cross-Correlation Processing -- §53. The Effect of Reverberation Interference on Echo Signal Detection -- §54. Detection with Multichannel Systems, and Discussion of Results -- VIII. Elements of the Theory of Statistical Measurement -- §55. Basic Stages of Statistical Measurements -- §56. Statistical Measurement Errors -- §57. Formation of a Statistical Estimate -- §58. Statistical Measurement Errors of the Characteristics of Nonstationary Homogeneous Random Processes -- §59. Optimization of the Parameters of the Statistical Measuring System -- §60. Adaptive Optimization -- IX. Inverse Probability Problems in Sonar -- §61. Direct and Inverse Problems -- §62. Correctness Conditions -- §63. Determination of the Probability Density for the Rates of Movement of Scatterers -- §64. Determination of the Spectrum of the Fluctuations in the Rate of Movement of Scatterers -- §65. Determination of the Relative Level of Coherent Scattering -- §66. Determination of the Average Number of Scatterers -- §67. Determination of the Frequency Properties of Scatterers -- §68. Determination of the Spatial Distribution of Scatterers -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: Dr. V. V. Ol'shevskii is perhaps most familiar to Western readers as the author of "Characteristics of Sea Reverberation," published in translation by Consultants Bureau (New York, 1967). The present book, "Statistical Methods in Sonar," is, in part, a sequel to the first book, where now the author's stated purpose is "to acquaint a broad range of specialists with the use of contemporary statistical methods for solving theoretical and applied sonar problems. " As the author quite properly observes, the work is illustrative, devoted to a variety of relevant, specific technical problems from an analytical point of view, and is not in any way intended to be an all-inclusive treatise. Nevertheless, as the reader can verify subse­ quently, the author has succeeded in accomplishing his stated purpose. He has, moreover. provided us with a use­ ful and, in a number of instances, provocative work, which even five years after its original appearance retains its freshness and interest with material not to date covered in other books on the subject (for example, see Horton [~Q], Stephens [41] ). * In this Foreword we first concisely review the author's material, on a chapter-by-chapter basis, after which a short general critique is given. Attention is called to various topics of particular interest to the professional audience. as well as to a number of highlights which deserve the reader's notice (a few additional comments on the technical editing are then included).
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  • 91
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468423853
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 232 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: In September 1925 the first class of medical students was admitted to the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry. On January 4, 1926 the Strong Memorial Hospital was officially opened. The first patient was admitted the next day. On January 7th Dr. John J. Morton, Jr., newly appointed Chief of Surgery, performed the first operation. Ten days later the first baby was delivered. From these small beginnings the University of Rochester Medical Center had a steady and strong growth into the internationally renowned center of teaching, research and patient care that it is today. In recognition of its semicentennial the Medical Center con­ ducted a series of events during the 1975 - 76 year in which medi­ cal faculty and staff~ alumni, community physicians and distin­ guished visitors participated. This symposium on "Frontiers of Medicine" was a climactic event of the year's program. The twelve outstanding physicians and scientists undertook to look forward, in selected areas of biological science and medicine, to what promise there may be for developments to come which will significantly affect mankind's health and the quality of life. Four areas were chosen for discussion to cover the span of human life and to include aspects of it which are of vital in­ terest and in which significant developments now seem to be prob­ able in the years ahead. So far as possible the presentations sought to cover the basic science, the clinical and the sociologic aspects of each subject area.
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  • 92
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461582342
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 264 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Advances in Nuclear Physics 9
    DDC: 539.7092
    Keywords: Physics ; Nuclear physics
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  • 93
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468417135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Phototechnology and Biological Experimentation -- 2 Spectroscopy -- 3 Photochemistry -- 4 Photosensitization -- 5 Ultraviolet Radiation Effects On Molecules and Cells -- 6 Environmental Photobiology -- 7 Photomedicine -- 8 Chronobiology (Circadian Rhythms) -- 9 Extraretinal Photoreception -- 10 Vision -- 11 Photomorphogenesis -- 12 Photomovement -- 13 Photosynthesis -- 14 Bioluminescence -- 15 New Topics in Photobiology.
    Abstract: Although there are several excellent books covering a few of the specialized areas of photobiology, at the present time there is no book that covers all areas of the science of photobiology. This book attempts to fill this void. The science of photobiology is currently divided into 14 subspecialty areas by the American Society for Photobiology. The first 14 chapters of this book deal with those subspecialty areas, each written by a leader in the field. Chapter 15, entitled "New Topics in Photobiology," highlights areas of research that may be desig­ nated sUbspecialties of photobiology in the future. This book has been written as a textbook to introduce the science of photobiology to advanced undergraduate and graduate students. The chapters are written to provide a broad overview of each topic. They are designed to contain the amount of information that might be presented in a one-to two-hour general lecture. The references are not meant to be exhaustive, but key refer­ ences are included to give students an entry into the literature. Frequently a more recent reference that reviews the literature will be cited rather than the first paper by the author making the original discovery. Whenever practical, a classroom demonstration or simple laboratory exercise has been provided to exemplify one or more major points in a chapter.
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  • 94
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781475715620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 535 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics
    Abstract: Two: Central and South America -- Classical Languages -- Writing Systems -- Descriptive Linguistics -- Areal Linguistics and Middle America -- Indigenous Dialectology -- Comparative Reconstruction of Indigenous Languages -- Mexico -- Otomanguean Isoglosses -- Historiography of Native Ibero-American Linguistics -- Three: Checklists -- North American Indian Languages -- South and Central American Indian Languages -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: The publishing history of the eleven chapters that comprise the contents of this second volume of Native Languages of the Americas is rather different from that of the thirteen that appeared in Volume I of this twin set late last year. Original ver­ sions of five articles, respectively, by Barthel, Grimes, Longacre, Mayers, and Suarez, were first published in Part II of Current Trends in Linguistics, Vol. 4, subtitled lbero-A merican and Caribbean Linguistics (1968), having been com­ missioned by the undersigned in his capacity as editor of the fourteen volume series which was distributed in twenty-one tomes between 1963 and 1976. McClaran's article is reprinted from Part III of Vol. 10. Linguistics in North America (1973) and the two by Kaufman and Rensch were in Part I I of Vol. 11, Diachronic, A real. and Typological Linguistics (1973 ). There are three contributions by Landar: earlier versions of two appeared in Vol. 10 ("North American Indian Languages. " accompanied by William Sorsby's maps of tribal groups of North and Central America), and in Vol. 13, Historiography of Linguistics (1975); however, his checklist of South and Central American Indian languages was freshly compiled for this book. Generous financial support for preparing the materials included in this project came from several agencies of the United States government, to wit: the National Endowment for the Humanities and the National Science Foundation, for Vols. 10 and 13, and the Office of Education, for Vols. 4 and 11; in addition.
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  • 95
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    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461333821
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Morphology1.1 Segmentation: external -- 1.2 Chaetotaxy -- 1.3 Genital and other apertures -- 1.4 The clitellum and associated structures -- 1.5 Pigmentation -- 1.6 The body wall -- 1.7 The coelom -- 1.8 The alimentary canal -- 1.9 The vascular system -- 1.10 The respiratory system -- 1.11 The excretory system -- 1.12 The nervous system -- 1.13 The reproductive system -- 2. Taxonomy -- 2.1 Systematic affinities and descent -- 2.2 Families, genera and species -- 2.3 Geographical distribution -- 3. Biology -- 3.1 Life cycles -- 3.2 Reproduction -- 3.3 Quiescence, diapause and aestivation -- 3.4 Growth -- 3.5 Behaviour -- 4. Physiology -- 4.1 Respiration -- 4.2 Digestion -- 4.3 Excretion -- 4.4 Circulation -- 4.5 Nervous system -- 5. Ecology -- 5.1 Estimation of populations -- 5.2 Size of populations -- 5.3 Population structure -- 5.4 Population distributions -- 5.5 Seasonal populations and activity -- 5.6 Burrowing and casting -- 5.7 Species associations -- 5.8 Predators and parasites -- 5.9 Effect of environmental factors -- 6. The role of earthworms in organic matter cycles -- 6.1 Fragmentation and breakdown -- 6.2 Consumption, turnover and humification -- 6.3 Nitrogen mineralization -- 6.4 Effects on the C:N ratio -- 6.5 Effect on available mineral nutrients -- 7. Earthworms and micro-organisms -- 7.1 Effect of earthworms on number of microorganisms -- 7.2 Effects of earthworms on dispersal of microorganisms -- 7.3 Stimulation of microbial decomposition -- 8. Earthworms and soil fertility -- 8.1 Effects of earthworms on soil structure -- 8.2 Earthworms as indicators of soil type -- 8.3 Effect of earthworms on crop yield -- 8.4 Soil amelioration by earthworms -- 9. Effects of agriculture on earthworm popu lations -- 9.1 Effects of cultivations -- 9.2 Effects of cropping -- 9.3 The effects of fertilizers -- 9.4 Mortality from pesticides -- 9.5 Uptake of pesticides into earthworms -- 9.6 Radioisotopes and earthworms -- 9.7 Heavy metals and earthworms -- 10. Earthworms as pests and benefactors -- 10.1 As pests of crops -- 10.2 As pests of grassland and turf -- 10.3 Control of earthworms -- 10.4 Transmission of diseases -- 10.5 Adverse effects on soil -- 10.6 Earthworms as benefactors -- 11. Simple experiments and field studies with earthworms -- 11.1 Cultures -- 11.2 Preservation -- 11.3 Dissection -- 11.4 Field experiments with earthworms -- A simplified key to common genera of terrestrial earthworms -- References -- Indexes -- Systematic -- Author -- General.
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  • 96
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468420494
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    DDC: 50
    Keywords: Science (General)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Sulfur bonding2 Elemental sulfur and its reactions -- 3 Vulcanization of rubber -- 4 Thiols -- 5 Thiones -- 6 Sulfides -- 7 Disulfides and polysulfides -- 8 Sulfoxides and sulfilimines -- 9 Sulfonium salts -- 10 Sulfones and sulfoximines -- 11 Sulfinic acids and sulfinic esters -- 12 Reactions of sulfonate and sulfate esters.
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  • 97
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468425772
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. Biological, Photochemical, and Spectroscopic Applications of Lasers -- 2. Photochemistry of the Nucleic Acids -- 3. Ultraviolet Radiation Effects on the Human Eye -- 4. Lethal and Mutagenic Effects of Near-Ultraviolet Radiation -- 5. DNA Repair Enzymes in Mammalian Cells.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Biological, Photochemical, and Spectroscopic Applications of Lasers2. Photochemistry of the Nucleic Acids -- 3. Ultraviolet Radiation Effects on the Human Eye -- 4. Lethal and Mutagenic Effects of Near-Ultraviolet Radiation -- 5. DNA Repair Enzymes in Mammalian Cells.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9781468423679
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: I. Minorities in Science: Availability and Barriers That Affect Availability -- 1. Black Americans in the Sciences -- 2. Spanish-Surnamed Americans in Science: Availability and Barriers -- 3. The New Medical College Admission Test: New Dimensions in Assessment -- 4. The Graduate Record Examination and the Minority Student -- II. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions -- 5. Minority Students and the Political Environment: A Historical Perspective -- 6. Status and Prospects of Minority Students in Traditional Medical Schools -- 7. Sociocultural Factors as a Deterrent to Students’ Pursuit of the Sciences -- 8. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions: A Student’s Perspective -- 9. Medical Education and the Minority Student -- III. Public Policy and Biomedical and Behavioral Training: Effective Development of Existing Potential -- 10. Public Policy for Minority Self-Actualization: Present Realities and Future Possibilities -- 11. Some General Proposals for Increasing the Production of Minority Professionals in the Basic Sciences -- 12. National Institute of Mental Health Research and Training Policies Affecting Minorities: An Outsider’s View -- 13. An Informed Constituency with a Representative Bureaucracy: Health Policy and Black People -- 14. Better Health Sciences through Minority Participation: The Case for Community-Based Minority Medical Schools -- IV. Financial Support for Minority Scientific Activities in Education and Research -- 15. Funding of Minority Programs from the Private Sector: A Perspective from the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation -- 16. Graduate Fellowship Opportunities for Minorities Most Commonly Discriminated Against in Higher Education -- 17. National Institutes of Health Minority Research and Training Programs -- 18. Minority Programs Funded by the National Science Foundation -- 19. Minority Programs Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health -- 20. The Importance and Impact of Funding Science Programs at Minority Institutions -- V. Affirmative Action: Myth or Reality? -- 21. Affirmative Action: A Congressional Perspective -- 22. A National Policy for Affirmative Action in Higher Education -- 23. Rules of the Game: An Essay in Two Parts -- VI. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: College Level -- 24. Prehealth Summer Programs -- 25. Basic Science Enrichment Courses for Minority Medical Students -- 26. Undergraduate Research Training -- 27. The Harvard Health-Careers Summer Program -- 28. Postbaccalaureate Premedical Programs for Minority Students -- VII. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: Precollege Level -- 29. Training at the Collegiate and Precollegiate Interface: STRIKE as an Example -- 30. Motivating Upper-Elementary-Level Mexican-American Students toward Science Careers -- 31. Ethnoscience: An Educational Concept -- 32. The Utility of a Piagetian Approach in Developing Precollegiate Science Programs for Minorities -- 33. Science Education for Minorities: A Bibliography: A Preliminary Report -- 34. Summary -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Change is the essence of progress. We now stand at the crossroads of our civilization where change is essential in the conduct of our institu­ tions, in the plans and models we project for the future, and in the very patterns of our thinking if we are to survive as "one nation under God . . . with liberty and justice for all. " Opportunity to participate and fulfill the responsibility of building the nation must be available to all citizens in a true republic. For the viability of governmental institutions, in a modem democratic nation­ state, rests on the diversity of the genius of her citizens, and this enables the nation to accommodate herself better to changes of the times. But if the nation becomes impervious to change and resistant to modify its institutions to keep in pace with the times, then the nation will indeed be doomed to wither and perish. History is replete with examples of civilizations that have gone that course. It is therefore our responsibility to insure that our government institutions are kept receptive to change and reflective of the needs and concerns of her citizenry. In America today, economic and social powers generally go to those who can claim a superior education and professional experience. As our society, and indeed the world, becomes increasingly dependent on science and technology, education in those fields becomes impera­ tive to the power equation.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Minorities in Science: Availability and Barriers That Affect Availability1. Black Americans in the Sciences -- 2. Spanish-Surnamed Americans in Science: Availability and Barriers -- 3. The New Medical College Admission Test: New Dimensions in Assessment -- 4. The Graduate Record Examination and the Minority Student -- II. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions -- 5. Minority Students and the Political Environment: A Historical Perspective -- 6. Status and Prospects of Minority Students in Traditional Medical Schools -- 7. Sociocultural Factors as a Deterrent to Students’ Pursuit of the Sciences -- 8. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions: A Student’s Perspective -- 9. Medical Education and the Minority Student -- III. Public Policy and Biomedical and Behavioral Training: Effective Development of Existing Potential -- 10. Public Policy for Minority Self-Actualization: Present Realities and Future Possibilities -- 11. Some General Proposals for Increasing the Production of Minority Professionals in the Basic Sciences -- 12. National Institute of Mental Health Research and Training Policies Affecting Minorities: An Outsider’s View -- 13. An Informed Constituency with a Representative Bureaucracy: Health Policy and Black People -- 14. Better Health Sciences through Minority Participation: The Case for Community-Based Minority Medical Schools -- IV. Financial Support for Minority Scientific Activities in Education and Research -- 15. Funding of Minority Programs from the Private Sector: A Perspective from the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation -- 16. Graduate Fellowship Opportunities for Minorities Most Commonly Discriminated Against in Higher Education -- 17. National Institutes of Health Minority Research and Training Programs -- 18. Minority Programs Funded by the National Science Foundation -- 19. Minority Programs Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health -- 20. The Importance and Impact of Funding Science Programs at Minority Institutions -- V. Affirmative Action: Myth or Reality? -- 21. Affirmative Action: A Congressional Perspective -- 22. A National Policy for Affirmative Action in Higher Education -- 23. Rules of the Game: An Essay in Two Parts -- VI. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: College Level -- 24. Prehealth Summer Programs -- 25. Basic Science Enrichment Courses for Minority Medical Students -- 26. Undergraduate Research Training -- 27. The Harvard Health-Careers Summer Program -- 28. Postbaccalaureate Premedical Programs for Minority Students -- VII. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: Precollege Level -- 29. Training at the Collegiate and Precollegiate Interface: STRIKE as an Example -- 30. Motivating Upper-Elementary-Level Mexican-American Students toward Science Careers -- 31. Ethnoscience: An Educational Concept -- 32. The Utility of a Piagetian Approach in Developing Precollegiate Science Programs for Minorities -- 33. Science Education for Minorities: A Bibliography: A Preliminary Report -- 34. Summary -- Name Index.
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  • 99
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468484823
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Political science.
    Abstract: Frequency Report -- Judiciary -- Legislative and Executive Branches -- Public Administration -- State and Local Government -- Author Index.
    Description / Table of Contents: Frequency ReportJudiciary -- Legislative and Executive Branches -- Public Administration -- State and Local Government -- Author Index.
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  • 100
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    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461333876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1. The genetical foundation -- 1. Continuous variation -- 2. The genic basis -- 3. Assaying the chromosomes -- 4. Locating the genes -- 2. The biometrical approach -- 5. The manifestation of polygenic systems -- 6. Genetic analysis and somatic analysis -- 7. Biometrical genetics -- 3. Additive and dominance effects -- 8. Components of means -- 9. Testing the model -- 10. Scales -- 11. Components of variation: F2 and back-crosses -- 12. Generations derived from F2 -- 13. The balance sheet of genetic variability -- 14. Partitioning the variation -- 4. Diallels -- 15. The principles of diallel analysis -- 16. An example of a simple diallel -- 17. Undefined diallels -- 18. An example of an undefined diallel -- 5. Genic interaction and linkage -- 19. Non-allelic interaction -- 20. Interaction as displayed by means -- 21. Variances and covariances -- 22. Correlated gene distributions: linkage -- 23. Diallels -- 6. Interaction of genotype and environment -- 24. Genotype x environment interaction -- 25. Two genotypes and two environments -- 26. A more complex case -- 27. The relation of g to e -- 28. Crosses between inbred lines -- 29. Variance of F2 -- 7. Randomly breeding populations -- 30. The components of variation -- 31. Human populations -- 32. The use of twins -- 33. Experimental analysis -- 34. Complicating factors -- 35. Heritability -- 8. Genes and effective factors -- 36. Estimating the number of segregating genes -- 37. Consequences of linkage: effective factors -- 38. Other sources of estimates -- 9. Conclusion -- 39. Designing the experiments -- 40. Concepts and uses -- Glossary of symbols and abbreviations -- References.
    Abstract: In the second edition of Biometricai Genetics, which appeared in 1971, we set out to give a general account of the subject as it had developed up to that time. Such an account necessarily had to be comprehensive and reasonably detailed. Although it could be, and indeed has been, used by those who were making an acquaintance with this branch of genetics for the first time, it went beyond their needs. We have been encouraged therefore to write an introduction to the genetical analysis of continuous variation aimed primarily at senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, and concentrating on basic considerations, basic principles and basic techniques. This has meant, of course, omitting all reference to some phenomena of more restricted interest, notably sex-linkage, ma­ ternal effects, haploidy and polyploidy. It has meant, too, that even with some phenomena which have been included, like interactions, linkage and effective factors, the discussions cannot go into full detail. Anyone who is interested, however, can find further information in Biometricai Genetics, to which detailed references have been given where it ap­ peared that these would be helpful. The order of presentation has been changed with the aim of making it easier for beginners.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The genetical foundation1. Continuous variation -- 2. The genic basis -- 3. Assaying the chromosomes -- 4. Locating the genes -- 2. The biometrical approach -- 5. The manifestation of polygenic systems -- 6. Genetic analysis and somatic analysis -- 7. Biometrical genetics -- 3. Additive and dominance effects -- 8. Components of means -- 9. Testing the model -- 10. Scales -- 11. Components of variation: F2 and back-crosses -- 12. Generations derived from F2 -- 13. The balance sheet of genetic variability -- 14. Partitioning the variation -- 4. Diallels -- 15. The principles of diallel analysis -- 16. An example of a simple diallel -- 17. Undefined diallels -- 18. An example of an undefined diallel -- 5. Genic interaction and linkage -- 19. Non-allelic interaction -- 20. Interaction as displayed by means -- 21. Variances and covariances -- 22. Correlated gene distributions: linkage -- 23. Diallels -- 6. Interaction of genotype and environment -- 24. Genotype x environment interaction -- 25. Two genotypes and two environments -- 26. A more complex case -- 27. The relation of g to e -- 28. Crosses between inbred lines -- 29. Variance of F2 -- 7. Randomly breeding populations -- 30. The components of variation -- 31. Human populations -- 32. The use of twins -- 33. Experimental analysis -- 34. Complicating factors -- 35. Heritability -- 8. Genes and effective factors -- 36. Estimating the number of segregating genes -- 37. Consequences of linkage: effective factors -- 38. Other sources of estimates -- 9. Conclusion -- 39. Designing the experiments -- 40. Concepts and uses -- Glossary of symbols and abbreviations -- References.
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