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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (4)
  • HU Berlin
  • 1975-1979  (4)
  • Melnick, Vijaya L.  (2)
  • Tou, Julius T.  (2)
  • Boston, MA : Springer US  (4)
Datasource
  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (4)
  • HU Berlin
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biomedical Scientists and Public Policy (1978)
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461328865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History, Ancient.
    Abstract: 1 The Silent Elite: Biologists and the Shaping of Science Policy -- 2 Scientific Basis for the Support of Biomedical Science -- 3 Informing the Public: Fiscal Returns of Biomedical Research -- 4 Of Questions and Committees -- 5 On the Planning of Science -- 6 Influence of NIH Policy Past and Present on the University Health Education Complex -- 7 Much Ado about Recombinant DNA Regulations -- 8 The Place of Biomedical Science in National Health Policy -- 9 Beyond the Warring Elements: A Search for Balance in Health Funding -- 10 The Formulation of Health Policy -- 11 Specialization as Scientific Advancement and Overspecialization as Social Distortion -- 12 The Education of Black Health Professionals -- 13 Women in Health Care Decision Making -- 14 Technology Assessment and Genetics.
    Abstract: This volume brings together the views of authors involved in many aspects of biomedicine-from research on basic biology to clinical invest­ igation of the causes and treatment of human disease to hospital adminis­ tration ·to health care planning on the state and Federal levels to Con­ gressionallegislation covering biomedical research, medical education, the development of medical technology, and the delivery of health care. The purpose is not to present a "party line" representing a consensus of these often divergent viewpoints, and we do not suggest that we have found solutions to the many problems encountered in the interaction of scientists, administrators, legislators, and the recipients of health care. These articles are intended primarily to communicate to both biomedical scientists and intelligent laymen the processes, social and political as well as scientific, whereby biomedical science advances, and the need for biomedical scientists to take an interest and initiative not only in scientific research but also in research on health care delivery and in related public issues before the legislative and administrative branches of government.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 The Silent Elite: Biologists and the Shaping of Science Policy2 Scientific Basis for the Support of Biomedical Science -- 3 Informing the Public: Fiscal Returns of Biomedical Research -- 4 Of Questions and Committees -- 5 On the Planning of Science -- 6 Influence of NIH Policy Past and Present on the University Health Education Complex -- 7 Much Ado about Recombinant DNA Regulations -- 8 The Place of Biomedical Science in National Health Policy -- 9 Beyond the Warring Elements: A Search for Balance in Health Funding -- 10 The Formulation of Health Policy -- 11 Specialization as Scientific Advancement and Overspecialization as Social Distortion -- 12 The Education of Black Health Professionals -- 13 Women in Health Care Decision Making -- 14 Technology Assessment and Genetics.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2886-5
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advances in Information Systems Science : Volume 7 (1978)
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461590569
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science.
    Abstract: 1 Diagnosis Techniques and Methodologies for Digital Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Diagnostic Data Generation Theory -- 3. Diagnostic Execution -- 4. Applied Fault Diagnosis Techniques -- 5. Some Problems for Further Research -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- 2 Design for a Distributed Information Network -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Hardware Systems -- 3. Software Systems -- 4. Selected Applications -- References -- 3 Modeling and Design of Distributed Information Systems -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. Modeling Distributed Computer Systems -- 3. A Design Procedure for Distributed Computer Systems -- 4. Modeling Distributed Databases -- 5. Intelligent Coupler -- 5.1. Locating Information -- 5.2. Query Formulation and Test Run for Queries -- 5.3. Query Languages -- 5.4. Security -- 5.5. Locking in Distributed Information Systems -- 5.6. System Recovery -- 5.7. Performance Measurements and Evaluation -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References and Suggested Further Reading -- 4 Hardware, Firmware, Software Technology in Microcomputer Systems -- 1. Hardware Organization -- 2. Firmware -- 3. Software -- 4. What Computing Has Come To -- 5 Data Structures and Pattern Recognition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Pattern Recognition Problem -- 3. The Data Structure Concept -- 4. Pictorial Pattern Recognition and Image Processing -- 5. Review of Applications to Pattern Recognition -- 6. Line Drawings and Chain Codes -- 7. Histograms and Integral Projections -- 8. Medial Axis Transformation -- 9. Generalized Cones -- 10. Syntactic Methods -- 11. Trees in Analysis: Text, Speech, and Line-Drawing Data -- 12. Webs and Trees in Applications -- 13. Structure Learning -- 14. Conclusion -- References.
    Abstract: Information systems science is advancing in many directions with rapid strides. Many diversified ideas, methodologies, and techniques have been conceived and developed for improving the design of information systems and for inventing new methods for solving complex information problems. This volume, the seventh of a continuing series on information systems science, covers five timely topics which are in the mainstream of current interest in this growing field. In each chapter, an attempt is made to famil­ iarize the reader with some basic background information on the advances discussed, so that this volume may be used independently or in conjunction with the previous volumes. The emphasis in this volume is centered upon diagnosis for digital systems, distributed information networks, micro­ computer technology, and data structures for pattern recognition. In recent years, digital systems have found widespread applications in on-line real-time processing. Such applications demand high reliability, availability, and serviceability. Reliability may be improved through the use of highly reliable parts. Improvement in integrity may be accompanied by retry operation and redundant configuration. Serviceability may be improved by making use of fault diagnosis techniques. Chapter 1 is devoted to this important subject. Fault diagnosis techniques are developed to improve serviceability and to shorten mean time for repair. Kitamura, Tashiro, and Inagaki discuss many recent methods for fault diagnosis and explain them with illustrative examples.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Diagnosis Techniques and Methodologies for Digital Systems1. Introduction -- 2. Diagnostic Data Generation Theory -- 3. Diagnostic Execution -- 4. Applied Fault Diagnosis Techniques -- 5. Some Problems for Further Research -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- 2 Design for a Distributed Information Network -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Hardware Systems -- 3. Software Systems -- 4. Selected Applications -- References -- 3 Modeling and Design of Distributed Information Systems -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. Modeling Distributed Computer Systems -- 3. A Design Procedure for Distributed Computer Systems -- 4. Modeling Distributed Databases -- 5. Intelligent Coupler -- 5.1. Locating Information -- 5.2. Query Formulation and Test Run for Queries -- 5.3. Query Languages -- 5.4. Security -- 5.5. Locking in Distributed Information Systems -- 5.6. System Recovery -- 5.7. Performance Measurements and Evaluation -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References and Suggested Further Reading -- 4 Hardware, Firmware, Software Technology in Microcomputer Systems -- 1. Hardware Organization -- 2. Firmware -- 3. Software -- 4. What Computing Has Come To -- 5 Data Structures and Pattern Recognition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Pattern Recognition Problem -- 3. The Data Structure Concept -- 4. Pictorial Pattern Recognition and Image Processing -- 5. Review of Applications to Pattern Recognition -- 6. Line Drawings and Chain Codes -- 7. Histograms and Integral Projections -- 8. Medial Axis Transformation -- 9. Generalized Cones -- 10. Syntactic Methods -- 11. Trees in Analysis: Text, Speech, and Line-Drawing Data -- 12. Webs and Trees in Applications -- 13. Structure Learning -- 14. Conclusion -- References.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9056-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Minorities in Science : The Challenge for Change in Biomedicine (1977)
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    Details
    ISBN: 9781468423679
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: I. Minorities in Science: Availability and Barriers That Affect Availability -- 1. Black Americans in the Sciences -- 2. Spanish-Surnamed Americans in Science: Availability and Barriers -- 3. The New Medical College Admission Test: New Dimensions in Assessment -- 4. The Graduate Record Examination and the Minority Student -- II. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions -- 5. Minority Students and the Political Environment: A Historical Perspective -- 6. Status and Prospects of Minority Students in Traditional Medical Schools -- 7. Sociocultural Factors as a Deterrent to Students’ Pursuit of the Sciences -- 8. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions: A Student’s Perspective -- 9. Medical Education and the Minority Student -- III. Public Policy and Biomedical and Behavioral Training: Effective Development of Existing Potential -- 10. Public Policy for Minority Self-Actualization: Present Realities and Future Possibilities -- 11. Some General Proposals for Increasing the Production of Minority Professionals in the Basic Sciences -- 12. National Institute of Mental Health Research and Training Policies Affecting Minorities: An Outsider’s View -- 13. An Informed Constituency with a Representative Bureaucracy: Health Policy and Black People -- 14. Better Health Sciences through Minority Participation: The Case for Community-Based Minority Medical Schools -- IV. Financial Support for Minority Scientific Activities in Education and Research -- 15. Funding of Minority Programs from the Private Sector: A Perspective from the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation -- 16. Graduate Fellowship Opportunities for Minorities Most Commonly Discriminated Against in Higher Education -- 17. National Institutes of Health Minority Research and Training Programs -- 18. Minority Programs Funded by the National Science Foundation -- 19. Minority Programs Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health -- 20. The Importance and Impact of Funding Science Programs at Minority Institutions -- V. Affirmative Action: Myth or Reality? -- 21. Affirmative Action: A Congressional Perspective -- 22. A National Policy for Affirmative Action in Higher Education -- 23. Rules of the Game: An Essay in Two Parts -- VI. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: College Level -- 24. Prehealth Summer Programs -- 25. Basic Science Enrichment Courses for Minority Medical Students -- 26. Undergraduate Research Training -- 27. The Harvard Health-Careers Summer Program -- 28. Postbaccalaureate Premedical Programs for Minority Students -- VII. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: Precollege Level -- 29. Training at the Collegiate and Precollegiate Interface: STRIKE as an Example -- 30. Motivating Upper-Elementary-Level Mexican-American Students toward Science Careers -- 31. Ethnoscience: An Educational Concept -- 32. The Utility of a Piagetian Approach in Developing Precollegiate Science Programs for Minorities -- 33. Science Education for Minorities: A Bibliography: A Preliminary Report -- 34. Summary -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Change is the essence of progress. We now stand at the crossroads of our civilization where change is essential in the conduct of our institu­ tions, in the plans and models we project for the future, and in the very patterns of our thinking if we are to survive as "one nation under God . . . with liberty and justice for all. " Opportunity to participate and fulfill the responsibility of building the nation must be available to all citizens in a true republic. For the viability of governmental institutions, in a modem democratic nation­ state, rests on the diversity of the genius of her citizens, and this enables the nation to accommodate herself better to changes of the times. But if the nation becomes impervious to change and resistant to modify its institutions to keep in pace with the times, then the nation will indeed be doomed to wither and perish. History is replete with examples of civilizations that have gone that course. It is therefore our responsibility to insure that our government institutions are kept receptive to change and reflective of the needs and concerns of her citizenry. In America today, economic and social powers generally go to those who can claim a superior education and professional experience. As our society, and indeed the world, becomes increasingly dependent on science and technology, education in those fields becomes impera­ tive to the power equation.
    Description / Table of Contents: I. Minorities in Science: Availability and Barriers That Affect Availability1. Black Americans in the Sciences -- 2. Spanish-Surnamed Americans in Science: Availability and Barriers -- 3. The New Medical College Admission Test: New Dimensions in Assessment -- 4. The Graduate Record Examination and the Minority Student -- II. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions -- 5. Minority Students and the Political Environment: A Historical Perspective -- 6. Status and Prospects of Minority Students in Traditional Medical Schools -- 7. Sociocultural Factors as a Deterrent to Students’ Pursuit of the Sciences -- 8. Problems of Minorities at Majority Institutions: A Student’s Perspective -- 9. Medical Education and the Minority Student -- III. Public Policy and Biomedical and Behavioral Training: Effective Development of Existing Potential -- 10. Public Policy for Minority Self-Actualization: Present Realities and Future Possibilities -- 11. Some General Proposals for Increasing the Production of Minority Professionals in the Basic Sciences -- 12. National Institute of Mental Health Research and Training Policies Affecting Minorities: An Outsider’s View -- 13. An Informed Constituency with a Representative Bureaucracy: Health Policy and Black People -- 14. Better Health Sciences through Minority Participation: The Case for Community-Based Minority Medical Schools -- IV. Financial Support for Minority Scientific Activities in Education and Research -- 15. Funding of Minority Programs from the Private Sector: A Perspective from the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation -- 16. Graduate Fellowship Opportunities for Minorities Most Commonly Discriminated Against in Higher Education -- 17. National Institutes of Health Minority Research and Training Programs -- 18. Minority Programs Funded by the National Science Foundation -- 19. Minority Programs Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health -- 20. The Importance and Impact of Funding Science Programs at Minority Institutions -- V. Affirmative Action: Myth or Reality? -- 21. Affirmative Action: A Congressional Perspective -- 22. A National Policy for Affirmative Action in Higher Education -- 23. Rules of the Game: An Essay in Two Parts -- VI. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: College Level -- 24. Prehealth Summer Programs -- 25. Basic Science Enrichment Courses for Minority Medical Students -- 26. Undergraduate Research Training -- 27. The Harvard Health-Careers Summer Program -- 28. Postbaccalaureate Premedical Programs for Minority Students -- VII. Special Training Programs for Minority Students in Science: Precollege Level -- 29. Training at the Collegiate and Precollegiate Interface: STRIKE as an Example -- 30. Motivating Upper-Elementary-Level Mexican-American Students toward Science Careers -- 31. Ethnoscience: An Educational Concept -- 32. The Utility of a Piagetian Approach in Developing Precollegiate Science Programs for Minorities -- 33. Science Education for Minorities: A Bibliography: A Preliminary Report -- 34. Summary -- Name Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2367-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advances in Information Systems Science : Volume 6 (1976)
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    Details
    ISBN: 9781461582496
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences. ; Humanities.
    Abstract: 1 Theory of Parallel Programming. I. Survey of Practical Aspects -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Parallel Programming Languages and Methods -- 3. Scheduling Problems for Parallel Programs -- 4. Automatic Construction of Parallel Programs -- 2 Theory of Parallel Programming. II. Survey of Formal Models -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Memory -- 3. The Operator and Database -- 4. Computational Processes -- 5. The Metamodel -- 6. The Control -- 7. Equivalence of Computational Processes -- 8. Determinacy of Metasystems -- 9. Equivalence of Metasystems -- 10. Asynchronism -- 11. Programs and Systems -- 12. Conclusions -- 3 Data Structure Models in Information System Design -- 1. Data Morphology -- 2. Data Structure Models for Simple Information Retrieval -- 3. Data Structures for Information Systems of Flexible Use -- 4. Conclusions -- 4 The Mathematical Theory of L Systems -- 0. Introduction -- 2. Squeezing Languages out of L Systems -- 3. Fitting Classes of L Languages into Known Formal Language Theoretic Framework -- 4. Other Characterizations of Classes of L Languages within the Framework of Formal Language Theory -- 5. Structural Constraints on L Systems -- 6. Squeezing Sequences out of L Systems -- 7. Growth Functions -- 8. Decision Problems -- 9. Global Versus Local Behavior of L Systems -- 10. Deterministic Versus Nondeterministic Behavior of L Systems -- 11. L Transformations -- 12. Getting Down to Properties of Single L Languages or Sequences -- 13. Generalizing L System Ideas: Toward a Uniform Framework -- 14. Some Proof Techniques -- 15. Conclusions.
    Abstract: Information systems science is rapidly advancing in many directions. Di­ versified ideas, methodologies, and techniques as well as applications have been conceived and developed. This series intends to discuss some of the recent advances in this field. In this volume, we cover four timely topics which are of great current interest. In each chapter, an attempt is made to familiarize the reader with some basic background information on the ad­ vances discussed. The emphasis of this volume is placed upon parallel pro­ gramming, data structure models in information system design, and the principles of L systems. One of the effective means to enhance computation performance is parallel information processing on multiprocessor systems. In Chapter I, V. E. Kotov discusses the practical aspects of parallel programming. He is concerned with the languages and methods of parallel programming, per­ formance an~lysis, and automatic synthesis of parallel programs. In Chapter 2, A. S. Narin'yani presents the formal theory of parallel computations. These two chapters attempt to correlate and classify various methods in parallel programming, thus providing the reader with a unified approach to this important subject matter. Data structures play an important role in information system design.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Theory of Parallel Programming. I. Survey of Practical Aspects1. Introduction -- 2. Parallel Programming Languages and Methods -- 3. Scheduling Problems for Parallel Programs -- 4. Automatic Construction of Parallel Programs -- 2 Theory of Parallel Programming. II. Survey of Formal Models -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Memory -- 3. The Operator and Database -- 4. Computational Processes -- 5. The Metamodel -- 6. The Control -- 7. Equivalence of Computational Processes -- 8. Determinacy of Metasystems -- 9. Equivalence of Metasystems -- 10. Asynchronism -- 11. Programs and Systems -- 12. Conclusions -- 3 Data Structure Models in Information System Design -- 1. Data Morphology -- 2. Data Structure Models for Simple Information Retrieval -- 3. Data Structures for Information Systems of Flexible Use -- 4. Conclusions -- 4 The Mathematical Theory of L Systems -- 0. Introduction -- 2. Squeezing Languages out of L Systems -- 3. Fitting Classes of L Languages into Known Formal Language Theoretic Framework -- 4. Other Characterizations of Classes of L Languages within the Framework of Formal Language Theory -- 5. Structural Constraints on L Systems -- 6. Squeezing Sequences out of L Systems -- 7. Growth Functions -- 8. Decision Problems -- 9. Global Versus Local Behavior of L Systems -- 10. Deterministic Versus Nondeterministic Behavior of L Systems -- 11. L Transformations -- 12. Getting Down to Properties of Single L Languages or Sequences -- 13. Generalizing L System Ideas: Toward a Uniform Framework -- 14. Some Proof Techniques -- 15. Conclusions.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8249-6
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