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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (2)
  • HU Berlin
  • Würzburg UB
  • Timilsina, Govinda R.  (2)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (2)
  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
  • Atmospheric emissions  (1)
  • Carbon Taxes  (1)
Datasource
  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (2)
  • HU Berlin
  • Würzburg UB
Material
Language
Years
Author, Corporation
Publisher
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (2)
  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fiscal Policy Instruments For Reducing Congestion And Atmospheric Emissions In The Transport Sector : A Review (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (44 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Timilsina, Govinda R Fiscal Policy Instruments For Reducing Congestion And Atmospheric Emissions In The Transport Sector
    Keywords: Atmospheric emissions ; Congestion ; Congestion charges ; Externalities ; Tax ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport sector ; Vehicle ; Vehicle taxes ; Vehicle traffic ; Atmospheric emissions ; Congestion ; Congestion charges ; Externalities ; Tax ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport sector ; Vehicle ; Vehicle taxes ; Vehicle traffic ; Atmospheric emissions ; Congestion ; Congestion charges ; Externalities ; Tax ; Transport ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Transport sector ; Vehicle ; Vehicle taxes ; Vehicle traffic
    Abstract: This paper reviews the literature on the fiscal policy instruments commonly used to reduce transport sector externalities. The findings show that congestion charges would reduce vehicle traffic by 9 to 12 percent and significantly improve environmental quality. The vehicle tax literature suggests that every 1 percent increase in vehicle taxes would reduce vehicle miles by 0.22 to 0.45 percent and CO2 emissions by 0.19 percent. The fuel tax is the most common fiscal policy instrument; however its primary objective is to raise government revenues rather than to reduce emissions and traffic congestion. Although subsidizing public transportation is a common practice, reducing emissions has not been the primary objective of such subsidies. Nevertheless, it is shown that transport sector emissions would be higher in the absence of both public transportation subsidies and fuel taxation. Subsidies are also the main policy tool for the promotion of clean fuels and vehicles. Although some studies are very critical of biofuel subsidies, the literature is mostly supportive of clean vehicle
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Role of Revenue Recycling Schemes In Environmental Tax Selection : A General Equilibrium Analysis (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (52 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Timilsina, Govinda R The Role of Revenue Recycling Schemes In Environmental Tax Selection
    Keywords: Carbon Tax ; Carbon Taxes ; Debt Markets ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy Tax ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental Tax ; Environmental Taxes ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Income Tax ; Levies ; Levy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Tax Rates ; Tax Revenue ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Carbon Tax ; Carbon Taxes ; Debt Markets ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy Tax ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental Tax ; Environmental Taxes ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Income Tax ; Levies ; Levy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Tax Rates ; Tax Revenue ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Carbon Tax ; Carbon Taxes ; Debt Markets ; Energy ; Energy Production and Transportation ; Energy Tax ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Environmental Tax ; Environmental Taxes ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Income Tax ; Levies ; Levy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Tax Rates ; Tax Revenue ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning
    Abstract: This study examines the roles of revenue recycling schemes for the selection of alternative tax instruments (i.e., carbon-, sulphur-, energy- and output-tax) to reduce CO2 emissions to a specified level in Thailand. A static, single period, multi-sectoral computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the Thai economy has been developed for this purpose. This study finds that the selection of a tax instrument to reduce CO2 emissions would be significantly influenced by the scheme to recycle the tax revenue to the economy. If the tax revenue is recycled to finance cuts in the existing labour or indirect tax rates, carbon tax would be more efficient than the sulphur-, energy- and output-taxes to reduce CO2 emissions. On the other hand, if the tax revenue is recycled to households through a lump-sum transfer, sulphur and carbon taxes would be more efficient than energy and output taxes. The ranking between the sulphur and carbon taxes under the lump sum transfer scheme depends on substitution possibility of fossil fuels. Sulphur tax is found superior over carbon tax at the higher substitution possibility between fossil fuels; the reverse is found true at the lower substitution possibility. In all schemes of revenue recycling considered, the output tax is found to be the most costly (i.e., in welfare terms) despite the fact that it generates two to three times higher revenue than the other tax instruments
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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