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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (28.872)
  • Regensburg UB  (8)
  • DNB
  • Ethn. Museum Berlin
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (20.332)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing.  (8.544)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    How was life? (2021-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/3d96efc5-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report : inclusive framework on BEPS: action 14 (2021-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Serie: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Schlagwort(e): Steuerpolitik ; Konfliktregelung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Space economy investment trends : OECD insights for attracting high-quality funding (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.166
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Over the last decade, the space economy has seen significant shifts, welcoming new entrants and types of capital. Annual launch activity has increased, in large part thanks to the influx of private investment. This raises questions about the future development of the sector. Drawing on OECD insights within science, technology, and innovation, this policy paper examines public and private investment trends in the space economy and discusses how public policy decisions and instruments can contribute to attracting more and higher-quality private investment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9ae9a28d-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Improving public sector capacity-strengthening support for small island developing states (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.69
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Governance ; Development ; Antigua and Barbuda ; Australia ; Bahamas ; Barbados ; Belize ; Canada ; Cape Verde ; Comoros ; Cook Islands ; Cuba ; Dominica ; Dominican Republic ; Fiji ; Grenada ; Guinea-Bissau ; Guyana ; Haiti ; Jamaica ; Maldives ; Marshall Islands ; Mauritius ; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Nauru ; New Zealand ; Niue ; Palau ; Papua New Guinea ; Saint Kitts and Nevis ; Saint Lucia ; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ; Samoa ; Sao Tome and Principe ; Seychelles ; Singapore ; Solomon Islands ; Suriname ; Timor-Leste ; Tonga ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Tuvalu ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Vanuatu
    Kurzfassung: Given the fast pace of global socio-economic development, more tailored, focused, and localised efforts to strengthen public sector capacity in small island developing states (SIDS) is increasingly important. SIDS have unique vulnerabilities, rich histories and contexts, and strengths that can be harnessed for sustainable development. Development partners need to adapt how they provide capacity-strengthening support, taking individual SIDS’ circumstances and needs into account to better help them achieve their ambitions. This report summarises perspectives from small island developing states (SIDS) on current experiences and opportunities to improve capacity-strengthening support to make it more tailored, impactful, and sustainable. The report uses the broad definition of capacity-strengthening as activities that improve the competencies and abilities of individuals, organisations, and broader formal and informal social structures in a way that boosts organisational performance. It concentrates on public sector capacity, including interactions with other stakeholders across sectors.
    DOI: 10.1787/aec0effa-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Bringing Trentino's productivity growth back on track : A comparison with OECD "peer" regions (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2024/03
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rimettere in carreggiata la crescita della produttività del Trentino: Un confronto tra regioni “pari”
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: The Autonomous Province of Trento (Trentino) is among the most productive regions in Europe, but over the past two decades its productivity growth has stagnated. As a result, the productivity gap of Trentino widened by over 20% compared to regions with the same productivity level in 2000. The benchmarking of productivity drivers in Trentino with those of “peer” regions points to several policy priorities, including: reviving productivity in tradeable sectors, also through increased internationalisation; increasing the share of the labour force with a tertiary education; and getting more out of public R&D while boosting private sector R&D.
    DOI: 10.1787/0e74a691-en
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Towards the green transition : Stimulating investment and accelerating permits for low emissions infrastructure (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.68
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: To meet their international climate commitments and strengthen renewable energy production, many countries will require significant new investment in low emissions infrastructure. To deliver low emissions infrastructure at the necessary rate and scale, many countries recognise they need better ways of planning and regulating infrastructure and its value chains. This Working Paper describes the challenges and opportunities for using regulatory, stakeholder engagement and public procurement tools to help countries deliver more effective permitting. It provides international good practice case studies to help countries stimulate investment and reduce barriers for new, low emissions infrastructure so they can fulfil their international climate commitments while ensuring existing policy objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/fc97f64e-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Reforma învățământului preuniversitar în România : Consolidarea sistemelor de conducere, de evaluare și de sprijin (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Rumänisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Reforming school education in Romania: Strengthening governance, evaluation and support systems
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: Romania’s education system is at a turning point. In 2023, the government passed a new law on school education that sets out significant changes to how schooling is provided, governed and resourced. These changes come at a critical time for the country’s development. While Romania is one of Europe’s fastest-growing economies, its education outcomes remain among the lowest in the European Union. The measures in the new law are crucial for ensuring quality education, fostering economic growth and enhancing inclusivity. This policy perspective offers recommendations on how to take forward planned reforms. It focuses on four specific sets of policies that will be instrumental in improving school quality and equity: school evaluation and support; resources for education; the teaching profession; and the data and monitoring system. At the centre of these are proposals to make teaching a highly skilled and rewarding profession by better connecting performance, promotion and pay, and progressively strengthening schools’ pedagogical leadership through developmental school evaluations and support. At a strategic level, Romania will need a step change in how education policies are funded and evaluated. This implies more strategic planning and budgeting to align resources with long-term policy priorities, and much-expanded analytical capacities to monitor and evaluate implementation and outcomes and hold institutions accountable.
    DOI: 10.1787/943c9230-ro
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The art of living well : Cultural participation and well-being (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities no.21
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; France ; Italy ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This paper first presents a meta-analysis of the causal impact of cultural participation on well-being. The meta-analysis classifies the literature according to the strength of the evidence available and various types of cultural activities. Secondly, this paper uses data from time use surveys from Canada, France, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States to study individuals’ emotional responses to a series of daily activities. This is then used as a basis for an empirical assessment of the drivers of time allocation across different activities, showing that expectations of future well-being are one of the reasons why individuals decide to engage in cultural activities. Furthermore, the model helps explain why cultural participation, in spite of being one of the most enjoyable human activities, is also the least undertaken. We show that heterogeneity of preferences results in a strong selection effect in available statistics.
    DOI: 10.1787/0219e248-en
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Youth on the move : Young people and transport in the 21st century (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Policy Papers no.128
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: How young people use transport matters for society. Transport connects them to education, work, friends and other opportunities. Mobility patterns of the younger generation also matter for sustainability, economic development, liveability, health and well-being. Yet, young people’s views are rarely factored into transport policy explicitly. This report addresses the gap by reviewing young citizens’ travel patterns and behaviours, identifying their expectations regarding mobility and life opportunities and investigating their mobility-relevant experiences, capabilities and skills. To maximise the potential of youth, it is important that governments, communities, and other stakeholders ensure all young people have access to safe and affordable transport. It is also important to engage young people in the planning and implementation of transport initiatives so that their needs are met.
    DOI: 10.1787/686a7ed5-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    How well do online job postings match national sources in large English speaking countries? : Benchmarking Lightcast data against statistical sources across regions, sectors and occupations (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2024/01
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents the first international assessment of the Lightcast vacancy data representativeness based on benchmarking against officially reported vacancy data in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. The analysis compares distributions in the Lightcast data versus official data across large (TL2) regions, industrial sectors and occupational categories. The analysis shows differences in representativeness across countries and on the three dimensions considered. In general, regional representativeness is considerably better than both occupational and sectoral representativeness.
    DOI: 10.1787/c17cae09-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cross-border investment into low-carbon infrastructure : An empirical glance (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2024/01
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: This working paper provides a granular overview of investments into low-carbon infrastructure, both in the real economy and financial market. The descriptive analysis shows that there is room to scale up cross-border infrastructure investment and to shift investment into low-carbon assets. Specifically, low-carbon cross-border investment can be increased by shifting infrastructure investments, that currently flow into the financial economy, to the real economy and by incentivising the use of financing instruments, i.e., securitised products, that bundle projects and meet different liquidity tastes of investors. The analysis also highlights the important role of foreign direct investment (FDI) into infrastructure from foreign real economy companies.
    DOI: 10.1787/e82ee163-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Swedish Corporate Bond Market : Challenges and Policy Recommendations (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264855380 , 9789264477568 , 9789264621596
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: This report provides an assessment of the Swedish corporate bond market and policy recommendations to improve its functioning, drawing from detailed empirical analysis and in-depth interviews with market participants. It includes two empirical chapters which provide insights into the market's evolution over the last two decades based on original data, emphasising changes since the 2008 financial crisis with respect to market size, issuer characteristics, credit quality, industry composition and investor universe. These developments are also considered in an international context, comparing the Swedish market with selected peer countries, both in Europe and elsewhere.
    DOI: 10.1787/7ff1a6ce-en
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Benchmark Study on Pellet-Cladding Mechanical Interaction in Light Water Reactor Fuel (Volume 2) : Validation of Beginning-of-Life Power Ramping (Case 3) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264511866
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Many of the failures that occur in nuclear fuel rods in light water reactors around the world are caused by the phenomenon of mechanical interaction between pellets and cladding (PCMI). The process is extremely complex to simulate, therefore the models involved must be continuously improved and subjected to validation with experiments and comparison to other similar codes. This benchmark study of PCMI is aimed to improve the understanding and modelling of PCMI. The study engaged investigators representing the main fuel performance simulation groups in the world. After a detailed analysis of the results of all the participants, a series of conclusions have been drawn. The results are captured in two volumes: Volume 1: Hypothetical Beginning-of-Life Power Ramps (NEA, 2024) and Volume 2: Validation of Beginning-of-Life Power Ramping (this publication).
    DOI: 10.1787/05353d10-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Державне управління в Україні : Оцінювання на відповідність Принципам державного управління (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264335233
    Sprache: Ukrainisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (219 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Public Administration in Ukraine: Assessment against the Principles of Public Administration
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: У цьому звіті аналізується ефективність державного управління в Україні за допомогою набору стандартних показників, заснованих на Принципах державного управління. Принципи державного управління визначають, чим є ефективне державне врядування на практиці, і окреслюють основні вимоги, яких повинні дотримуватися країни під час процесу вступу до Європейського Союзу (ЄС). Вони оцінюють передумов ефективного державного управління (якість законів, політик, інституційна спроможність і процедури) і так і , як державне управління працює на практиці. У своїх Стратегіях розширення 2014 та 2018 років Європейська Комісія виділила реформу державного управління як одну з трьох «основоположних» сфер процесу розширення ЄС. Враховуючи рішення Європейської Ради від грудня 2023 року розпочати переговори про вступ з Україною, цей звіт містить дані та рекомендації щодо того, як Україна може краще відповідати стандартам, встановленим Принципами. Звіт є продовженням звіту SIGMA про результати базової оцінки державного управління України відповідно до Принципів державного управління 2018 року і містить порівняльну інформацію про успіхи реформ і виклики їй. Він охоплює шість тематичних сфер Принципів (стратегічні засади реформи державного управління, формування та координація політики, державна служба та управління людськими ресурсами, підзвітність, надання послуг та управління державними фінансами). У звіті наведено значення показників і порівняння загальних тенденцій в державному управлінні України.
    DOI: 10.1787/b0dd70ef-uk
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Blue Economy in Cities and Regions : A Territorial Approach (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264818521 , 9789264740624 , 9789264791053
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (125 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Urban Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: The blue economy is a major driver of urban and regional development, creating millions of local jobs in water-dependent sectors such as fisheries, tourism, and shipping. However, it can also contribute to carbon emissions and ecosystem degradation, while its reliance on freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems exposes it to the impacts of climate change. As the places where the blue economy takes place, creates value and provides jobs, cities and regions play a key role in unlocking the potential of a resilient blue economy that preserves the ecosystems that sustain it. Building on a global survey of 80+ cities, regions and basins, this report highlights the costs and benefits of the blue economy at subnational level, shedding light on the link between the blue economy and water security. This analysis provides an overview of the multi-level governance of the blue economy and related gaps. It calls on cities and regions to develop resilient, inclusive, sustainable and circular (RISC-proof) blue economies by establishing the right governance conditions related to policy making, policy coherence and policy implementation. The report concludes with a RISC Assessment Framework that offers a self-evaluation tool for subnational governments.
    DOI: 10.1787/bd929b7d-en
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  • 16
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    Online-Ressource
    The Role of Guidelines in Fostering Competition Policy in Tunisia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264655379 , 9789264358768 , 9789264506350
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Competition Law and Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le rôle des lignes directrices dans la promotion de la politique de concurrence en Tunisie
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Tunisia
    Kurzfassung: This report builds on the recommendations of the 2022 OECD Peer Review of Competition Law and Policy in Tunisia. It presents an overview of how to develop competition law guidelines across four areas (merger control, pecuniary penalties, leniency programmes and compliance programmes) and includes a comparative analysis of selected jurisdictions, with the view of assisting Tunisian authorities to develop their own guidelines. While competition guidelines can play an important role in fostering competition policy in Tunisia, it should go hand in hand with addressing specific shortcomings in the enforcement and advocacy framework as identified in the Peer Review.
    DOI: 10.1787/82f72c0e-en
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  • 17
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    Tendances de l’OCDE sur la concurrence 2024 (version abrégée) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264860599 , 9789264343207 , 9789264899186
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Competition Trends 2024
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: L'édition 2024 du rapport "Tendances de la concurrence de l'OCDE" met en lumière les tendances mondiales en matière d'application des règles de concurrence au cours de l'année 2022, sur la base de 77 juridictions. Comme pour les éditions précédentes, le rapport de cette année compare différentes régions géographiques et identifie des tendances au cours du temps. Les analyses se concentrent sur les ressources des autorités de la concurrence, les ententes, les abus de position dominante, les concentrations et la promotion de la concurrence. En outre, l'édition de cette année comprend un chapitre spécial sur le contrôle des concentrations, qui fournit pour la première fois, une analyse décomposée par juridiction participante. Le rapport contient également une analyse de toutes les décisions d’interdiction d’opérations de concentrations entre 2015 et 2022. La version intégrale du rapport est disponible en anglais sur le site de l’OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/83258053-fr
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  • 18
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    PISA Vocational Education and Training (VET) : Assessment and Analytical Framework (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264639386 , 9789264394704 , 9789264749405
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the conceptual foundations of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Vocational Education and Training (VET), currently in the Development Phase of implementation which aims to provide a comprehensive and rigorous international survey of student knowledge and skills that are essential for success in selected occupational areas. The PISA-VET assessment covers professional knowledge and skills in five occupational areas (automotive technician, business and administration, electrician, nursing/healthcare assistant and hotel receptionist), plus an evaluation of learners’ employability skills, including literacy, problem solving, task performance (conscientiousness) and collaboration with others. This publication includes the frameworks for assessing all the knowledge and skills included in the assessment. These chapters outline the content knowledge and skills that learners need to acquire in each domain, how each domain is assessed, and the contexts in which this knowledge and these skills are applied. The publication also presents the frameworks for the various questionnaires distributed to students, principals of VET institutions, teachers and trainers, including a questionnaire for trainers in work-based learning environments and a system level data questionnaire for participating countries. The questionnaires are also included as an annex to the publication.
    DOI: 10.1787/b0d5aaf9-en
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  • 19
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    Fostering higher-order thinking skills online in higher education : A scoping review (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.306
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: This scoping review examines the effectiveness of online and blended learning in fostering higher-order thinking skills in higher education, focussing on creativity and critical thinking. The paper finds that whilst there is a growing body of research in this area, its scope and generalisability remain limited. Current evidence suggests that, for most students and contexts, in-person learning yields better or equivalent outcomes for higher-order thinking skills than fully online learning. However, blended and flipped learning show promise. In some cases, they may be more effective than in-person learning to develop higher-order skills. The review aims to be of use to higher education practitioners by synthesising, for the first time at such a scale, the diverse literature on what supports students to develop these skills online. This has been linked to active and interactive online learning, well-structured project-based learning, disciplined questioning, students labelling relevant dimensions of their thinking, and regular, quality instructor and peer feedback. The review calls for improved research design to understand the effectiveness of different modes of learning and address gaps in the literature, which include fostering creativity online and ensuring equitable online skills development across disciplines and teaching contexts. Policy implications include the need to integrate attention to higher-order thinking skills into professional learning, innovation funds, national networks and quality assurance to support effective online teaching of these skills across higher education systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/84f7756a-en
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  • 20
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    Co-ordination of green policies at the centre of government in Romania (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.45
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Governance ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: This policy paper analyses the institutional mechanisms in place and under preparation in Romania to steer and co-ordinate policy development and action priorities relating to climate change. It also reviews the risks and opportunities for the newly created co-ordination mechanisms within the centre of government in this policy area, looks at how the co-ordination mechanisms for greening of the economy align with existing governance frameworks in terms of mandate, and discusses lessons learned from the framework for sustainable development. Drawing upon extensive consultations and peer input from OECD countries, this policy paper offers tailored recommendations for enhancing green governance in Romania.
    DOI: 10.1787/86439554-en
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  • 21
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    A profile of an evaluation and assessment agency: Saudi Arabia’s Education and Training Evaluation Commission (ETEC) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.93
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents a profile of the agency responsible for education evaluation and assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: the Education and Training Evaluation Commission (ETEC). It draws on research conducted by the OECD as part of a three-year project to develop the technical capacity of ETEC and benchmark its policies and practices with those of similar agencies in OECD countries. The paper describes ETEC’s mission and structure; its remit, activities and instruments; and the resources it has to fulfil its mandate. In doing so, the paper traces the Commission’s trajectory from its establishment to the present day. It aims to be of interest to education policymakers and researchers in OECD and partner countries, providing information on both the Saudi education system and evaluation and assessment agencies internationally – topics that have received relatively little attention in education literature.
    DOI: 10.1787/318266a4-en
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  • 22
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    Reforming school education in Romania : Strengthening governance, evaluation and support systems (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.92
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Reforma învățământului preuniversitar în România: Consolidarea sistemelor de conducere, de evaluare și de sprijin
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Romania
    Kurzfassung: Romania’s education system is at a turning point. In 2023, the government passed a new law on school education that sets out significant changes to how schooling is provided, governed and resourced. These changes come at a critical time for the country’s development. While Romania is one of Europe’s fastest-growing economies, its education outcomes remain among the lowest in the European Union. The measures in the new law are crucial for ensuring quality education, fostering economic growth and enhancing inclusivity. This policy perspective offers recommendations on how to take forward planned reforms. It focuses on four specific sets of policies that will be instrumental in improving school quality and equity: school evaluation and support; resources for education; the teaching profession; and the data and monitoring system. At the centre of these are proposals to make teaching a highly skilled and rewarding profession by better connecting performance, promotion and pay, and progressively strengthening schools’ pedagogical leadership through developmental school evaluations and support. At a strategic level, Romania will need a step change in how education policies are funded and evaluated. This implies more strategic planning and budgeting to align resources with long-term policy priorities, and much-expanded analytical capacities to monitor and evaluate implementation and outcomes and hold institutions accountable.
    DOI: 10.1787/5333f031-en
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  • 23
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    Benchmark Study on Pellet-Cladding Mechanical Interaction in Light Water Reactor Fuel (Volume I) : Hypothetical Beginning-of-Life Power Ramps (Cases 1 and 2) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264461383
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Many of the failures that occur in nuclear fuel rods in light water reactors around the world are caused by the phenomenon of mechanical interaction between pellets and cladding (PCMI). The process is extremely complex to simulate, therefore the models involved must be continuously improved and subjected to validation with experiments and comparison to other similar codes. This benchmark study of PCMI aims to improve the understanding and modelling of PCMI. The study engaged investigators representing the main fuel performance simulation groups in the world. After a detailed analysis of the results of all the participants, a series of conclusions have been drawn. The results are captured in two volumes: Volume 1: Hypothetical Beginning-of-Life Power Ramps (this publication) and Volume 2: Validation of Beginning-of-Life Power Ramping (NEA, 2024).
    DOI: 10.1787/80206f78-en
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  • 24
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    Steering from the Centre of Government in Times of Complexity : Compendium of Practices (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264809178 , 9789264865709 , 9789264986626
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: From steering decision-making in times of complexity to stewarding cross-cutting policies and guiding good practices across the public administration, centres of government (CoGs) play an important role in achieving government ambitions. CoGs have recently found themselves under pressure to help navigate increasingly complex policy challenges in an environment characterised by multiple crises, polarisation and declining trust in public institutions. This compendium gathers and shares practices and experiences of CoGs in undertaking their various roles and functions. It describes the mechanisms CoGs use in roles such as bridging the political-administrative interface, stewarding cross-cutting policies, guiding public administration reform, and engaging with citizens and other stakeholders. Finally, it discusses the lessons learnt and key enablers that emerge from the experiences. This compendium serves CoG leaders and government officials who seek to better understand the role of the centre in contributing to better outcomes for citizens and society.
    DOI: 10.1787/69b1f129-en
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  • 25
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    Cultura e sviluppo locale: massimizzare l'impatto : Una guida per le amministrazioni locali, le comunità y e i musei (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe 文化と地域発展： 最大限の成果を求めて 地方政府、 コミュニティ、ミュージアム: 向けのガイド
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe 문화와 지역발전: 영향 극대화: 지방자치단체와 공동체, 박물관을 위한 지침서
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe KULTURA W ROZWOJU LOKALNYM: PRZEWODNIK DLA SAMORZĄDÓW LOKALNYCH, SPOŁECZNOŚCI I MUZEÓW
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura e desenvolvimento local: maximizando o impacto: Um guia para governos locais, comunidades e museus
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cultura y desarollo local: maximizar el impacto : Una guía para gobiernos locales, comunidades y museos
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Culture and local development: maximising the impact: A guide for local governments, communities and museums
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Culture et développement local : améliorer l’impact : Guide pour les gouvernements locaux, les communautés et les musées
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Πολιτισμός και τοπική ανάπτυξη: EΝΑΣ ΟΔΗΓΟΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΦΟΡΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ, ΤΙΣ ΚΟΙΝOΤΗΤΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΜΟΥΣΕIΑ
    Schlagwort(e): Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Questa Guida fornisce un piano d’azione per i governi locali, le comunità e i musei su come definire insieme un’agenda di sviluppo locale. Prende in considerazione cinque dimensioni 1. Sfruttare il potere dei musei per lo sviluppo locale. 2. Valorizzare il ruolo dei musei nella riqualificazione urbana e nello sviluppo della comunità. 3. Stimolare società culturalmente consapevoli e creative. 4. Promuovere i musei come spazi di inclusione, salute e benessere. 5. Integrare il ruolo dei musei nello sviluppo locale.
    DOI: 10.1787/4f5e5bc3-it
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  • 26
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    Baseline Report of the Fifth Round of Monitoring of Anti-Corruption Reforms in Armenia : The Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264976177
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Armenia
    Kurzfassung: The fifth round of monitoring under the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan assesses Armenia’s anti-corruption practices and reforms against a set of indicators, benchmarks and elements under nine performance areas that focus on anti-corruption policy, prevention of corruption and enforcement. The report analyses Armenia’s efforts to build anti-corruption institutions, its measures to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption cases and identifies areas for improvement. A follow-up report evaluating Armenia's progress in these areas will follow.
    DOI: 10.1787/fb158bf9-en
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  • 27
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    Mapping and testing product-level vulnerabilities in granular production networks (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2024/02
    Schlagwort(e): Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This paper conducts an in-depth mapping of global value chain (GVC) vulnerabilities, using granular product-level trade data to identify vulnerable products with limited suppliers and substitutability. The study reveals that, in OECD countries, approximately 8% of foreign-sourced intermediate products are vulnerable, with about 50 products identified as highly vulnerable, particularly in the pharmaceutical, mining, and manufacturing sectors. The paper also introduces a quantitative framework for simulating supply shock transmission from upstream suppliers to downstream industries over the short and medium term. This framework leverages unique data that combine Inter-Country Input-Output with detailed product-level trade data from Comtrade. Through simulation exercises, the paper highlights the role of supplier concentration and geography in shock transmissions, as well as the effectiveness of policies in mitigating these impacts. This novel cross-country assessment of GVC disruptions provides new insights on how to manage supply chains in a global economy subject to multiple risks.
    DOI: 10.1787/9bcde495-en
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  • 28
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    Infrastructure for a Climate-Resilient Future (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264762138 , 9789264698642 , 9789264315471
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Des infrastructures pour un avenir résilient face au changement climatique
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: This report provides an overview of the impacts of climate change on infrastructure , and key policy areas to be considered to render infrastructure more resilient. It discusses advances and persisting gaps in planning and developing infrastructure across its lifecycle to build in climate resilience and how this can be fostered by place-based approach. The report explores how climate risk awareness and understanding can be strengthened and become a norm for all financing and investment decisions, through standards and financial instruments that integrate climate adaptation and resilience. It includes a spotlight on nature-based solutions and offers insights on how nature can be harnessed as a cost-effective measure to build climate resilience. The report also recognises the specific needs of developing countries as requiring global attention for economic development and through strengthened international partnerships and support. Key policy insights are provided and advocate for national and subnational policy-makers to adopt a multi-level governance approach to resilience, working with infrastructure owners and operators to support decision-making.
    DOI: 10.1787/a74a45b0-en
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  • 29
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Kenya 2024 (Second Round, Combined Review) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264996533
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation ; Kenya
    Kurzfassung: This peer review report analyses the practical implementation of the standard of transparency and exchange of information on request in Kenya, as part of the second round of reviews conducted by the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes since 2016.
    DOI: 10.1787/348052b1-en
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  • 30
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    OECD-Handbuch für umweltbezogene Sorgfaltspflichten in mineralischen Rohstofflieferketten (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264540750 , 9789264853966 , 9789264330641
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual sobre debida diligencia ambiental en las cadenas de suministro de minerales
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Handbook on Environmental Due Diligence in Mineral Supply Chains
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: Dieses Handbuch wurde entwickelt, um Unternehmen dabei zu helfen, Umweltaspekte in ihre Due Diligence-Prozesse für die mineralische Lieferkette einzubinden. Das Handbuch basiert auf den führenden internationalen, staatlich unterstützten Standards zur Sorgfaltspflicht in der Lieferkette und zu verantwortungsvollem unternehmerischem Handeln: auf den OECD-Leitsätzen für multinationale Unternehmen zu verantwortungsvollem unternehmerischem Handeln, dem OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht zur Förderung verantwortungsvoller Lieferketten für Minerale aus Konflikt- und Hochrisikogebieten und dem OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht für verantwortungsvolles unternehmerisches Handeln. Dieses Handbuch zeigt, wie die OECD-Instrumente für Due Diligence angewandt werden können, um Umweltrisiken und -auswirkungen in mineralischen Lieferketten durch Kontextualisierung bestehender Empfehlungen und Hinleitung von Nutzern zu nützlichen Ressourcen zu vermeiden.
    DOI: 10.1787/5dc13640-de
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  • 31
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    Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption et l'intégrité 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264348011 , 9789264344716 , 9789264812987
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Anti-Corruption and Integrity Outlook 2024
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectivas de anticorrupción e integridad 2024
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Cette première édition des Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption et l'intégrité analyse les efforts déployés par les pays membres pour défendre l'intégrité et lutter contre la corruption. Basé sur les données des Indicateurs d'intégrité publique, ce rapport analyse les performances des cadres d'intégrité des pays. Il explore comment certains des principaux défis auxquels les gouvernements sont confrontés aujourd'hui (notamment la transition verte, l'intelligence artificielle et l'ingérence étrangère) augmentent les risques de corruption et d’atteinte à l’intégrité pour les pays. Il examine également comment les lacunes des systèmes d'intégrité peuvent entraver les réponses des pays à ces défis majeurs. En donnant un aperçu des performances actuelles des pays, les Perspectives soutiennent la planification stratégique et le travail politique visant à renforcer l'intégrité publique pour l'avenir.
    DOI: 10.1787/2755ec0c-fr
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  • 32
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    OECD Secretary-General Report to G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors on the Work of the Inclusive Forum on Carbon Mitigation Approaches (Brazil, February 2024) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This report presents developments of the work of the Inclusive Forum on Carbon Mitigation Approaches (IFCMA) to the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, and reflect on the IFCMA’s achievements one year on from its launch in February 2023.
    DOI: 10.1787/77e97c92-en
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  • 33
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    Towards Greener and More Inclusive Societies in Southeast Asia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264787384 , 9789264945609 , 9789264976702
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (125 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Development Centre Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Employment ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Development ; Indonesia ; Philippines ; Thailand ; Viet Nam
    Kurzfassung: Over 100 million workers in Southeast Asia have jobs that are directly or closely linked to the environment, making them vulnerable to climate change impacts. These same workers likely earn at least 20% lower than the national average and are largely in informal employment. The region’s necessary transition towards greener growth could affect them in several ways: some sectors will create jobs and others will lose jobs or disappear altogether. Understanding the effects of both climate change and green growth policies on jobs and people is thus essential for making the transition in Southeast Asia an inclusive one. The study explores these issues, with emphasis on the potential effects on labour of an energy transition in Indonesia, and of a transition in the region’s agricultural sector, illustrated by a simulated conversion from conventional to organic rice farming.
    DOI: 10.1787/294ce081-en
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  • 34
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    L’évaluation de la performance des établissements scolaires au Maroc (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264553033 , 9789264765863 , 9789264791565
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (145 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Morocco
    Kurzfassung: Le Maroc a atteint la scolarisation universelle au niveau du primaire, et a connu une croissance significative de la scolarisation dans l'enseignement secondaire du premier et du deuxième cycle. Cependant, des problèmes subsistent quant à la qualité des apprentissages. Les élèves marocains de 15 ans figurent parmi les moins performants des pays participants à l’enquête du Programme international pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA) de 2018, bien en dessous de la moyenne de l'OCDE et également en dessous des autres pays de la région Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord (MENA). Les réformes éducatives en cours visent à responsabiliser les établissements et à en faire des acteurs centraux de l’amélioration de la qualité de l’ensemble du système éducatif. Ce rapport vise à fournir au Maroc les outils nécessaires pour la mise en œuvre d'un système d'autoévaluation, de suivi et de soutien externe des établissements scolaires. Il propose un cadre d'indicateurs de la qualité qui peut fournir une vision commune et cohérente de ce qui constitue une « bonne école », et fournit des recommandations pour que les processus d’autoévaluation ainsi que le suivi et le soutien apporté aux établissements se concentrent sur l’essentiel.
    DOI: 10.1787/4f59bfc1-fr
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  • 35
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    Strengthening Health Systems : A Practical Handbook for Resilience Testing (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264620568
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the critical need for health systems to be resilient against major disruptions. Despite the significant impact that crises such as pandemics, climate change effects, geopolitical conflicts, financial collapses or digital failures can have on economies and societies, policy makers in the health sector lack tools to test how their health systems would cope with extreme stress. Seizing a narrowing policy window in a post-pandemic context, the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, with support from the European Commission, developed a comprehensive methodology culminating in a handbook on "Strengthening Health Systems: A Practical Handbook for Resilience Testing." Inspired by stress tests in various sectors, this methodology was piloted in Finland, Greece, and Spain throughout 2023. The handbook provides health policy makers with tools to assess and enhance their systems' resilience. This is intended to foster policy dialogues and the identification of structural weaknesses as the starting point for targeted investments and remedial policies that will allow health systems to withstand the impact of future shocks more effectively.
    DOI: 10.1787/3a39921e-en
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  • 36
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    How well do online job postings match national sources in European countries? : Benchmarking Lightcast data against statistical and labour agency sources across regions, sectors and occupation (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2024/02
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Data on online job postings represents an important source of information for local labour markets. Many countries lack statistics on labour demand that are sufficiently up-to-date and disaggregated across regions, sectors and occupations. Web-scraped data from online job postings can provide further insights on the trends in labour demand and the skills needed across regions, sectors and occupations. This paper assesses the comparability and validity between Lightcast and other data sources for Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Sweden, for the years 2019 to 2022 across regions, sectors and occupations. It concludes with some recommendations for labour market analysts that want to use data on online job postings for assessing labour demand trends.
    DOI: 10.1787/e1026d81-en
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  • 37
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    Demographic change in cities : Trends, challenges and insights from G7 economies (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Papers no.67
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Demographic change brings complex challenges to the economic, social, and environmental systems of cities, with its asymmetric, overlapping, and compounded impacts across people and places. This paper analyses the main demographic trends and challenges in cities across OECD countries, with a focus on G7 cities. It disentangles trends and challenges across three distinct, yet interrelated, dynamics: i) ageing population and decreasing household size in cities (for instance, the number of older adults in cities increased by 2.4% per year in G7 countries between 2008 and 2018), ii) city population growth or decline (for instance, 20% of cities across OECD countries experienced population decline between 2001 and 2021), and iii) spatial segregation within cities (for instance, commuting zones of metropolitan areas are ageing faster than inner cities). Based on the evidence-based analyses, the paper provides policy insights to address the impacts of demographic change and to build more inclusive, sustainable, and resilient cities and urban systems, with city-specific examples. Preliminary findings from the paper served as input to the G7 Ministerial Meeting on Sustainable Urban Development (7-9 July 2023, Takamatsu, Japan) under the G7 Japanese Presidency.
    DOI: 10.1787/f2aec988-en
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  • 38
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    Monitoring trade in plastic waste and scrap (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.233
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: Global trade in plastic waste and scrap declined further (2017-2022) in 2022. The combined trade surplus of OECD Member Countries (i.e. the difference between exports and imports) continued to decrease. Less plastic waste and scrap is being exported by OECD countries to non-OECD countries, however some countries still export substantial volumes to non-OECD countries. Particularly several non-OECD south-east Asian countries remain large export destinations. Trade between OECD countries has increased. The value and composition of plastic waste and scrap exports in 2021 suggests that more high value and easy to recycle plastic waste was traded. Some volume of plastics waste is likely transformed into a “fuel” via mechanical and chemical processing and subsequently shipped as Processed Engineered Fuel (PEF) or Refuse-Derived Fuels (RDF), broadly categorised under HS 3825. There was an increase in this trade mostly between OECD countries in 2021. The trade regime remains dynamic with new export destinations emerging, which deserve further monitoring.
    DOI: 10.1787/013bcfdd-en
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  • 39
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    Mapping well-being in France (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities no.23
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides two innovative measures of well-being for French communes, namely a well-being aggregate index and an index of multi-dimensional poverty. These measures provide an unprecedented view of well-being at the local level by using 7 of the 11 key dimensions of the OECD Better Life Initiative (income, unemployment, housing, education, civic engagement, health and environmental quality). The results show that joint deprivation in at least five dimensions of well-being is starkly concentrated among 316 communes, representing as many as 5.2 million inhabitants (7.7% of the French population).
    DOI: 10.1787/fffb2de8-en
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  • 40
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    Eight lessons learned from comparing ocean economy measurement strategies across countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2024/01
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Many ocean economic activities are not readily visible in official statistics, hindering policymakers' access to crucial information for decision making. The OECD ocean economy measurement project aims to address this by aligning ocean economy statistics with broader economic data and ensuring international consistency. This paper compares the measurement strategies of eight OECD member countries using principles from the system of national accounts. It also highlights the ocean economy thematic accounts of four countries and summarises their methods. The paper concludes with recommendations for integrating ocean economy measurements with national accounting standards, a vital step for improving the evidence base for ocean policymaking.
    DOI: 10.1787/1cb42a67-en
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  • 41
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    Beyond grades : Raising the visibility and impact of PISA data on students’ well-being (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.313
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Students are much more than their grades. Beyond performing well in school, students must learn to manage their relationships with others, confront stress, find purpose in what they do, and deal with a series of factors oftentimes beyond their control – all of this, during a particularly sensitive period of their lives. How they do across all these dimensions of life shapes their well-being, which in turn affects their school performance and their life outcomes beyond school. In 2015, PISA broke new ground by including indicators of student well-being alongside traditional measures of academic performance. However, the data on student well-being often remain overshadowed by country and economy scores in mathematics, science, and reading - traditionally considered the primary outputs of PISA. This paper presents a proposal to increase the visibility and policy impact of PISA indicators on well-being, by organising them in thematic areas and presenting them through data visualisations that respond to the needs of different kinds of users. The proposed PISA dashboard on students’ well-being has the potential to offer policy makers, educators, parents, and other stakeholders a comparative perspective on how well schools are fostering the essential foundations for students to lead fulfilling lives.
    DOI: 10.1787/806233fe-en
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  • 42
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    Rafforzare l’impatto sociale delle università italiane : Il progetto ITA.CON (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Knowledge exchange and collaboration between universities and society in Italy: The ITA.CON Project
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: Nelle odierne società guidate dalla conoscenza, le università svolgono un ruolo cruciale nel promuovere l'innovazione e la crescita sostenibile all'interno dei loro ecosistemi. Migliorare le attività di scambio e collaborazione di conoscenze (KEC) all'interno del sistema universitario italiano è essenziale per il progresso della società, il benessere e l'aumento della produttività delle imprese di diverse dimensioni e fasi di sviluppo e generare valore per la società. Questo documento offre una proposta di riforma per le politiche di potenziamento del sistema di scambio e collaborazione di conoscenze tra università e società in Italia.
    DOI: 10.1787/43f77abc-it
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  • 43
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    Nature-based solutions for flood management in Asia and the Pacific (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.351
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Development ; Bangladesh ; Bhutan ; Brunei Darussalam ; Cambodia ; China, People’s Republic ; Fiji ; India ; Indonesia ; Lao People's Democratic Republic ; Malaysia ; Myanmar ; Nepal ; Pakistan ; Philippines ; Singapore ; Sri Lanka ; Tajikistan ; Thailand ; Viet Nam
    Kurzfassung: Countries in Asia and the Pacific face a heightened risk of flooding as disasters increase worldwide due to climate change. Yet these countries often lack the infrastructure necessary to prepare for and respond to floods effectively. When flood protection measures exist, they generally rely only on grey, hard-engineered infrastructure, which has been increasingly challenged in recent years. Nature-based solutions (NbS) offer a new approach for flood management, with several co-benefits beyond the reduction of risks. This approach has gained recognition from policy makers in the region, but they are confronted with a number of challenges, including the lack of a clear, common definition and guidelines, as well as financing issues. The growing imperatives of climate adaptation call for complementary, innovative and forward-looking solutions, such as a combined approach incorporating both NbS and grey infrastructure.
    DOI: 10.1787/f4c7bcbe-en
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  • 44
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    Vers des indicateurs de l’intensité carbone des produits plus granulaires, plus précis et disponibles plus rapidement : Note exploratoire (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Towards more accurate, timely, and granular product-level carbon intensity metrics: A scoping note
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: La présente note exploratoire propose une vue d’ensemble, de haut niveau, des principales approches utilisées pour le calcul des indicateurs de l’intensité carbone au niveau des produits et des secteurs ainsi que des difficultés rencontrées, notamment en ce qui concerne la collecte et la vérification des informations dans l’ensemble de la chaîne logistique. Bien que l’analyse porte essentiellement sur les approches utilisées dans les secteurs à forte intensité d’émissions et exposés aux échanges commerciaux (FIEEEC), les conclusions peuvent aussi être plus largement pertinentes dans d’autres secteurs. Dans cette analyse, les difficultés liées au calcul des indicateurs de l’intensité carbone au niveau des secteurs seront prises en compte, en particulier eu égard au fait que ces indicateurs peuvent servir eux-mêmes à la construction des indicateurs au niveau des produits.
    DOI: 10.1787/4dd6c948-fr
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  • 45
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    An integrated approach to service delivery for people with multiple and complex needs (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.305
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Increasingly, countries are integrating personalised public services to enhance access to, and the experience of those services to significantly improve outcomes for service users. Integrated services are particularly valuable for those with multiple and complex needs who require a range of tailored and, in some cases, specialised supports and services from more than one agency or service provider. Service specialisation can make it difficult for these service users to get the right mix of services and at the right time that best meet their needs. This paper provides a summary of how countries are integrating services to improve the lives and outcomes of care experienced by young people, people with disabilities, and people leaving prison. The paper is intended for policymakers who are seeking new or improved approaches to improving the outcomes of those who rely on personalised services.
    DOI: 10.1787/d837a06a-en
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  • 46
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    The design of presumptive tax regimes in selected countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (135 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Taxation Working Papers no.69
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation ; Argentina ; Brazil ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; France ; Hungary ; Italy ; Mexico ; South Africa ; Tunisia ; Uruguay
    Kurzfassung: Presumptive tax regimes (also known as simplified tax regimes) intend to reduce tax compliance costs for micro and small businesses (and enforcement costs for the tax administration) while levying a lower tax burden as compared to the standard tax system. This working paper compiles detailed information on the presumptive tax regimes existing in a selection of OECD and non-OECD countries, identifies common practices adopted across the countries examined and provides multiple examples of best practices observed in these regimes. These examples can serve as guidance to policy makers and tax administrations to strengthen particular features of the presumptive tax regimes implemented in their jurisdictions. Lastly, the paper highlights the main challenges generally observed in the presumptive tax regimes under study, which might undermine the role of these regimes in incentivising business formalisation and strengthening tax compliance over time.
    DOI: 10.1787/58b6103c-en
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  • 47
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    Beyond literacy : The incremental value of non-cognitive skills (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.311
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This paper reviews a number of previous studies that have investigated how measure of non-cognitive skills predict important life outcomes such as educational attainment, employment, earnings, and self-reported health and life satisfaction. All reviewed studies analyse data from large-scale surveys from multiple countries and rely on the Big-Five framework to assess non-cognitive skills. The paper finds that measures of non-cognitive skills are robustly and consistently associated to indicators of life success in youth and adulthood, and have incremental predictive power over traditional measures of cognitive ability.
    DOI: 10.1787/7d4fe121-en
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  • 48
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    Towards Balanced Regional Development in Croatia : From Strategy Design to Implementation (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264493162 , 9789264422889 , 9789264613409
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Croatia
    Kurzfassung: Since joining the EU in 2013, Croatia’s macroeconomic performance has improved significantly. At the same time, large demographic and socio-economic disparities across Croatian regions persist. These trends provide the backdrop against which Croatia has reformed its legislative and strategic planning framework for regional development. Such reforms culminated in the adoption of the National Development Strategy 2030, which includes balanced regional development among its main long-term objectives. They have also led to the creation of regional development agencies, and the design of development plans at the county and local levels. This report assesses the extent to which Croatia’s multi-level governance system is supporting its regional development objectives. In particular, it provides an overview of the country’s regional development performance on several demographic, economic and well-being indicators. From there, it considers how the regional development reforms adopted since 2014 affect the ability of national and subnational governments to design, implement, fund, monitor and evaluate place-based regional development plans. Finally, this report provides practical recommendations to help national and subnational policy makers develop and implement strategic frameworks to meet their territorial development objectives and deliver tangible results to communities across the country.
    DOI: 10.1787/3c0779cf-en
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  • 49
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    National Contact Point for Responsible Business Conduct Peer Reviews: Kazakhstan 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan
    Kurzfassung: This document is the peer review report of the National Contact Point (NCP) of Kazakhstan. The objectives of NCP peer reviews are to assess that the NCP is functioning and operating in accordance with the core effectiveness criteria set out in the implementation procedures; to identify the NCP’s strengths and possibilities for improvement; to make recommendations for improvement; and to serve as a learning tool for all NCPs involved. The peer review of the NCP of Kazakhstan was conducted by a team of reviewers from the NCPs of Egypt, France, and Korea, along with representatives of the OECD Secretariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/9090c11f-en
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  • 50
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    The role of political will in enabling long-term development approaches to forced displacement (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Policy Papers no.53
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Development
    Kurzfassung: This paper examines the role of mobilising political will in establishing the conditions necessary for economic and social inclusion of refugees, internally displaced persons, and formerly displaced persons who achieve durable solutions such as voluntary return. It investigates the role and conditions to mobilise political will for more comprehensive and inclusive policies that can lead to long-term local development in contexts of forced displacement in low- and middle-income countries (LICs and MICs). Case studies from Bangladesh, Cameroon, Ecuador, Iraq and Lebanon illustrate the ways in which political will, or its absence, can shape the approach to supporting the forcibly displaced and hosting communities. The paper also proposes a conceptual model for mobilising political will to facilitate sustainable development support in contexts of forced displacement.
    DOI: 10.1787/ddefe61e-en
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  • 51
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    Artificial intelligence and the changing demand for skills in the labour market (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.14
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Most workers who will be exposed to artificial intelligence (AI) will not require specialised AI skills (e.g. machine learning, natural language processing, etc.). Even so, AI will change the tasks these workers do, and the skills they require. This report provides first estimates for the effect of artificial intelligence on the demand for skills in jobs that do not require specialised AI skills. The results show that the skills most demanded in occupations highly exposed to AI are management and business skills. These include skills in general project management, finance, administration and clerical tasks. The results also show that there have been increases over time in the demand for these skills in occupations highly exposed to AI. For example, the share of vacancies in these occupations that demand at least one emotional, cognitive or digital skill has increased by 8 percentage points. However, using a panel of establishments (which induces plausibly exogenous variation in AI exposure), the report finds evidence that the demand for these skills is beginning to fall.
    DOI: 10.1787/88684e36-en
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  • 52
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    Pillar One - Amount B : Inclusive Framework on BEPS (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264973954 , 9789264647114 , 9789264622838
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Pilier Un - Montant B : Cadre Inclusif sur le BEPS
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation
    Kurzfassung: As part of the Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy agreed by the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS in October 2021, Amount B provides for a simplified and streamlined approach to the application of the arm’s length principle to in-country baseline marketing and distribution activities, with a particular focus on the needs of low-capacity countries. Content from the report has now been incorporated into the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines.
    DOI: 10.1787/21ea168b-en
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  • 53
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    Le rôle des lignes directrices dans la promotion de la politique de concurrence en Tunisie (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264478510 , 9789264700024 , 9789264949379
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (82 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens du droit et de la politique de la concurrence
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Role of Guidelines in Fostering Competition Policy in Tunisia
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Tunisia
    Kurzfassung: Ce rapport s'appuie sur les recommandations de l'examen par les pairs du droit et de la politique de la concurrence en Tunisie réalisé par l'OCDE en 2022. Il propose une vue d'ensemble sur la manière de développer des lignes directrices en matière de concurrence dans quatre domaines : le contrôle des concentrations, les sanctions pécuniaires, les programmes de clémence et les programmes de conformité. Cela comprend une analyse comparative de juridictions sélectionnées, dans le but d'aider les autorités tunisiennes à élaborer leurs propres lignes directrices. Bien que les lignes directrices en matière de concurrence puissent jouer un rôle important dans la promotion de la politique de concurrence en Tunisie, cela devrait aller de pair avec la résolution des lacunes spécifiques dans le cadre de l'application et de la promotion, telles qu'identifiées dans l'examen par les pairs.
    DOI: 10.1787/dfb1156d-fr
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  • 54
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    Fostering Catastrophe Bond Markets in Asia and the Pacific (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264407848 , 9789264352001 , 9789264803077
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: The Development Dimension
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: As climate change increases exposure to natural disasters, countries need new solutions to mitigate risks of natural hazards. For many in Asia and the Pacific, mobilising existing resources is not enough: they need to consider a grand design of disaster risk financing strategies. Catastrophe bonds (CAT bonds) can be an effective, market-based financing tool for the region. While the global CAT bond market has grown steadily since the 1990s, it remains weakly developed in Asia and the Pacific. Its successful development there requires robust purpose-built legal frameworks; developed general bond markets, especially in local currency; appropriate capacity building; and data-driven pricing models. This report explores each of these conditions along with policy suggestions for fostering them, and discusses the development of multi-country CAT bonds in Asia and the Pacific.
    DOI: 10.1787/ab1e49ef-en
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  • 55
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    What progress have countries made in closing gender gaps in education and beyond? (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Education Indicators in Focus no.85
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Despite numerous measures, gender stereotypes about abilities in mathematics and reading persist in schools, affecting both boys' and girls' schooling and educational choices. Inequalities also persist outside the classroom, where women, despite greater educational attainment, experience lower employment rates and often receive lower salaries than men with similar levels of education. Nonetheless, the many measures taken by countries have brought some encouraging signs of progress. However, more work is needed to ensure that improvements in education are also reflected in improvements once boys and girls transition into the world of work.
    DOI: 10.1787/2b2a0a65-en
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  • 56
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    Perspectives régionales de l'OCDE 2023 : Une géographie persistante des inégalités (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264360211 , 9789264478701 , 9789264555631
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Regional Outlook 2023: The Longstanding Geography of Inequalities
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Au cours des deux dernières décennies, les inégalités régionales sont restées importantes et se sont creusées dans de nombreux pays de l'OCDE. L'impact des chocs récents, notamment la pandémie de COVID-19 et la guerre d'agression de la Russie contre l'Ukraine, ainsi que les mégatendances, menacent de creuser ces écarts entre les régions, accentuant ainsi une géographie persistante des inégalités. Ce rapport, Perspectives régionales 2023 – Une géographie persistante des inégalités, apporte des éléments nouveaux sur l'évolution des inégalités entre les régions de l'OCDE dans plusieurs domaines (notamment les revenus et l'accès aux services) au cours des vingt dernières années. Il met en lumière le rôle de la productivité dans la lutte contre les inégalités régionales. Il examine également les coûts des inégalités régionales, qui peuvent affaiblir le tissu économique, social et politique, et conduire à une géographie du mécontentement. En outre, le rapport explore des scénarios prospectifs pour les régions dans le cadre des réflexions en cours visant à préparer l'avenir de la politique de développement régional et à garantir la cohésion sociale. Enfin, il fournit une feuille de route politique pour guider les efforts des gouvernements en vue de réduire les inégalités régionales persistantes, aujourd'hui et à l'avenir.
    DOI: 10.1787/faadf21c-fr
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  • 57
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    The Limits of DeFi for Financial Inclusion : Lessons from ASEAN (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264808515 , 9789264651999 , 9789264571792
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: Decentralised finance, including crypto-asset markets and DeFi protocol activity, has been promoted as a tool to support the democratisation of finance. This report presents quantitative evidence from ASEAN economies that participation in decentralised finance markets has been largely driven by speculative forces and a fear of missing out, rather than by practical use-cases that can promote financial inclusion. Since decentralised finance today involves unregulated or uncompliant financial service provision, the complexity and the non-custodial nature of such activity (particularly DeFi protocol activity) make these practically difficult for retail participation. The report provides policy considerations and discusses other digital finance tools that could be considered as alternative catalysts for financial inclusion, particularly when it comes to MSME financing.
    DOI: 10.1787/f00a0c7f-en
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  • 58
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    National Contact Point for Responsible Business Conduct Peer Reviews: Türkiye 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Türkiye
    Kurzfassung: This document is the peer review report of the National Contact Point (NCP) of Türkiye. The objectives of NCP peer reviews are to assess that the NCP is functioning and operating in accordance with the core effectiveness criteria set out in the implementation procedures; to identify the NCP’s strengths and possibilities for improvement; to make recommendations for improvement; and to serve as a learning tool for all NCPs involved. The peer review of the NCP of Türkiye was conducted by a team of reviewers from the NCPs of Luxembourg and Peru, along with representatives of the OECD Secretariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/42f5d9d1-en
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  • 59
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    Challenging Social Inequality Through Career Guidance : Insights from International Data and Practice (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264933613 , 9789264983731 , 9789264980235
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This report explores how school-level career guidance systems can more effectively respond to social inequalities. It draws on new analysis of PISA and PIAAC data and builds on the OECD Career Readiness Indicators to review the impact of inequalities related primarily to socio-economic background, gender and migrant status/ethnicity on the character of education-to-work transitions. The data analysis identifies additional barriers facing certain demographic groups in converting human capital into successful employment. It also finds that teenage access to career development is strongly patterned by the demographic characteristics of students. Consequently, the report highlights a range of career guidance interventions that can be expected to mitigate the negative impact of inequalities on student outcomes, enabling fairer access to economic opportunities. The report concludes by reviewing how the innovative new Career Education Framework in New Brunswick (Canada) systematically addresses inequalities within K-12 provision.
    DOI: 10.1787/619667e2-en
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  • 60
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    Social and Emotional Skills for Better Lives : Findings from the OECD Survey on Social and Emotional Skills 2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264457744 , 9789264848511 , 9789264694019
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Social and Emotional Skills for Better Lives presents results from the OECD’s Survey on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES) 2023. SSES is the largest international effort to collect data on these skills among 10- and 15-year-old students. The report explores how the following skills differ by socio-demographic groups and how they relate to key life outcomes: task performance skills (persistence, responsibility, self-control and achievement motivation); emotional regulation skills (stress-resistance, emotional control and optimism); engaging with others skills (assertiveness, sociability and energy); open-mindedness skills (curiosity, creativity and tolerance); and collaboration skills (empathy and trust). The results show that students’ social and emotional skills – or 21st century skills – are linked to better life outcomes, including academic success, greater life satisfaction, healthier behaviours, less test and class anxiety, and more ambitious career plans. The Survey also finds that these skills are inequitably distributed among students by age, gender, and socio-economic background. SSES 2023 was conducted in Bulgaria, Chile, Peru, Spain, Mexico, Ukraine, Bogotá (Colombia), Delhi (India), Dubai (United Arab Emirates), Emilia-Romagna (Italy), Gunma (Japan), Helsinki (Finland), Jinan (China), Kudus (Indonesia), Sobral (Brazil) and Turin (Italy). Results are compared to SSES 2019, which took place before the COVID-19 pandemic.
    DOI: 10.1787/35ca7b7c-en
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  • 61
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    Scaling Hydrogen Financing for Development (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264761131
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: This report on scaling up clean hydrogen financing provides a unique and in-depth proposal to transform ideas into attractive investment projects. It highlights how policy and financial risk mitigation mechanisms play a critical role in slashing the funding gap and reducing the cost of hydrogen generation. The findings promise to boost clean hydrogen lighthouse projects to revolutionize this multi-billion-dollar industry, so that emerging markets and developing countries can successfully participate in this nascent sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/0287b22e-en
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  • 62
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    Baseline Report of the Fifth Round of Monitoring of Anti-Corruption Reforms in Azerbaijan : The Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264344600
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Azerbaijan
    Kurzfassung: The fifth round of monitoring under the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan assesses Azerbaijan's anti-corruption practices and reforms against a set of indicators, benchmarks and elements under nine performance areas that focus on anti-corruption policy, prevention of corruption and enforcement. The report analyses Azerbaijan's efforts to build anti-corruption institutions, its measures to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption cases and identifies areas for improvement. A follow-up report evaluating Azerbaijan's progress in these areas will follow.
    DOI: 10.1787/a17aca4c-en
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  • 63
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    PISA 2022 Technical Report (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264824768
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (531 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is one of the largest and most comprehensive comparative education studies in the world. A wide variety of countries and economies worldwide collect information on student performance, school environment, and other relevant variables using standardized, uniform procedures that assure the results are comparable and meaningful. This Technical Report has been prepared by those who implemented PISA during its 2022 cycle to provide transparency to these procedures and to the statistical and mathematical methods that underpin the comparability and validity of PISA 2022 results.
    DOI: 10.1787/01820d6d-en
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  • 64
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    Le salaire vital en pratique (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.8
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Living wages in practice
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Alors que le coût de la vie augmente, que les écarts de salaires s’intensifient et que la pauvreté des travailleurs est un problème généralisé, le concept de salaire vital a connu un regain de popularité. Cette synthèse présente et contextualise le concept de salaire vital. Elle met également en évidence les hypothèses et les critères de mesure clés qui sous-tendent le calcul d'un salaire vital et appelle à plus de clarté et de cohérence dans les méthodologies existantes.
    DOI: 10.1787/f670a5a1-fr
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  • 65
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Cameroon 2024 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264647619
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (131 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Forum mondial sur la transparence et l’échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales : Cameroun 2024 (Deuxième cycle) : Rapport d'examen par les pairs sur l'échange de renseignements sur demande
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation ; Cameroon
    Kurzfassung: This peer review report analyses the practical implementation of the standard of transparency and exchange of information on request in Cameroon, as part of the second round of reviews conducted by the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes since 2016.
    DOI: 10.1787/495bcba9-en
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  • 66
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    Together for Children and Young People in Ireland : Towards a New Governance Framework (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264891654 , 9789264457171 , 9789264442610
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (249 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Kurzfassung: Ireland has shown a strong commitment to addressing child poverty and improving outcomes for children and young people. Responding to the needs of children and young people, particularly those most vulnerable, requires integrated policies and services. This report is part of a joint project between the OECD and the European Commission to strengthen policy and governance arrangements for tackling child poverty and improving outcomes for children and young people based on a whole-of-government approach. The report assesses recent policy, institutional and legislative developments in Ireland and compares outcomes for children and young people with those in other EU and OECD countries. It finds that despite progress, Ireland still has room for improvement on child poverty reduction, and more can be done to address the trust gap between young people in Ireland and their government. The report recommends Ireland to adopt measures to enhance inter-departmental and inter-agency co-operation, strengthen evidence-informed approaches, reinforce policy monitoring tools, and improve accountability mechanisms. It also recommends measures to support the effective implementation of Young Ireland, the National Policy Framework for Children and Young People (2023-28), and to ensure policy coherence.
    DOI: 10.1787/12f4dfb2-en
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  • 67
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Egypt 2024 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264380462
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (181 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation ; Egypt
    Kurzfassung: This peer review report analyses the practical implementation of the standard of transparency and exchange of information on request in Egypt, as part of the second round of reviews conducted by the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes since 2016.
    DOI: 10.1787/f71584b9-en
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  • 68
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    Les faits sans le faux : Lutter contre la désinformation, renforcer l’intégrité de l’information (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264520431 , 9789264505070 , 9789264349889
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (163 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Facts not Fakes: Tackling Disinformation, Strengthening Information Integrity
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hechos frente a falsedades: Fortaleciendo la democracia a través de la integridad de la información
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: La prolifération de la désinformation a des conséquences considérables dans de multiples domaines de l’action publique, allant de la santé publique à la sécurité nationale. La désinformation peut jeter le doute sur des faits avérés, compromettre la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques et ébranler la confiance des citoyens dans l'intégrité des institutions démocratiques. Ce rapport étudie comment répondre à ces défis et renforcer la démocratie. Il présente un cadre d’action pour guider les pays dans l'élaboration de politiques publiques dédiées au renforcement de l'intégrité de l'information, en examinant trois dimensions complémentaires : la mise en œuvre de politiques pour renforcer la transparence, la responsabilité et la pluralité des sources d'information ; le renforcement de la résilience de la société face à la désinformation ; et l'amélioration des mesures de gouvernance et des capacités des institutions publiques pour assurer l'intégrité de l'espace informationnel.
    DOI: 10.1787/4078bb32-fr
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  • 69
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    Public Administration in Ukraine : Assessment against the Principles of Public Administration (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264621039
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Державне управління в Україні: Оцінювання на відповідність Принципам державного управління
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses the performance of public administration in Ukraine through a set of standard indicators based on the Principles of Public Administration. The Principles set out what good public governance entails in practice and outline the main requirements to be followed by countries during the European Union (EU) integration process. They address the preconditions for a good public administration (good laws, policies, institutional capacity and procedures) and how an administration performs in practice. In its 2014 and 2018 Enlargement Strategies, the European Commission highlighted public administration reform as one of three “fundamentals first” areas of the EU enlargement process. Given the European Council decision of December 2023 to open accession negotiations with Ukraine, this report provides data and recommendations on how Ukraine could better meet the standards set by the Principles. The report follows up on the 2018 SIGMA Baseline Measurement Report and provides comparative information on reform successes and remaining challenges. It covers the six thematic areas of the Principles (strategic framework of public administration reform, policy development and co-ordination, public service and human resource management, accountability, service delivery and public financial management). The report provides indicator values and comparison of overall trends across the administration.
    DOI: 10.1787/078d08d4-en
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  • 70
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    Fully realising the economic potential of women in Australia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1793
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Gender inequalities in Australia have steadily declined, but remain particularly visible in the labour market. Women in Australia have lower employment rates, hourly wages and hours worked than their male counterparts. Childbirth is particularly disruptive for their labour market experience. Reforms to the tax and benefits system, childcare and parental leave arrangements are all needed to reduce the barriers to female labour participation of mothers. At the same time, ensuring the adequacy of unemployment benefits will support the living standards of many low-income women given that they have become an increasing share of recipients. Single mothers face particularly high poverty risk and would also benefit from more robust arrangements around child support payments from non-custodial parents.
    DOI: 10.1787/3470e5d8-en
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  • 71
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    Global Corporate Sustainability Report 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264946163 , 9789264457232 , 9789264493476
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Global Corporate Sustainability Report aims to enhance the adoption of corporate governance policies that promote the sustainability and resilience of companies. It examines the evolving landscape of corporate sustainability practices worldwide and includes a focus on key dimensions outlined in the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance, such as sustainability-related disclosure, shareholder-company dialogue, board responsibilities, and stakeholder interests. It offers comprehensive data analysis specifically designed to meet the needs of policymakers, regulators, and market participants.
    DOI: 10.1787/8416b635-en
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  • 72
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    Achieving the transition to net zero in Australia (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1794
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Australia has committed to achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 and more recently outlined a more ambitious intermediate target for emission reductions by 2030. However, achieving these targets will be challenging given a historical reliance on coal generation and the presence of significant mining and agriculture sectors. It will require a rapid transformation of the electricity grid, significant emissions reductions in highly-polluting sectors such as industry and agriculture, and sufficient offsets generated by “negative emissions” technologies and practices to counterbalance any emissions that cannot be fully eliminated. At the same time, Australia is particularly vulnerable to the physical impacts of climate change, as the driest inhabited continent on the planet with the majority of the population living on the coasts. Further significant reforms are required to meet the emission reduction goals, support the reallocation of workers and adapt to climate change.
    DOI: 10.1787/9a56c9d2-en
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  • 73
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    Des infrastructures pour un avenir résilient face au changement climatique (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264662711 , 9789264371880 , 9789264533493
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (205 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Infrastructure for a Climate-Resilient Future
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Ce rapport fournit une vue d'ensemble des effets du changement climatique sur les infrastructures et des principaux domaines dans lesquels les pouvoirs publics peuvent intervenir pour les rendre plus résilientes. Y sont examinées les avancées obtenues et les lacunes à combler dans la planification et le développement des infrastructures tout au long de leur cycle de vie pour intégrer la résilience climatique, ainsi que la question de savoir comment favoriser cette intégration par une approche territoriale. L’analyse porte également sur la manière de renforcer la prise de conscience et la compréhension des risques climatiques et d’en imposer la prise en compte dans toutes les décisions de financement et d'investissement, à l’aide de normes et d’instruments financiers qui intègrent l'adaptation et la résilience climatiques. Les solutions fondées sur la nature occupent une place particulière dans le rapport, qui donne des pistes pour en tirer parti efficacement, au service de la résilience climatique. Il est également reconnu que le développement économique des pays en développement suppose d’accorder une attention mondiale aux besoins qui leur sont propres ainsi que de renforcer le soutien et les partenariats internationaux. Ces travaux apportent des éléments utiles sur l’action à mener et plaident pour que les responsables de l’élaboration des politiques nationales et infranationales adoptent une approche de la résilience fondée sur une gouvernance pluri-niveaux, en travaillant avec les propriétaires et les exploitants d'infrastructures pour soutenir la prise de décision.
    DOI: 10.1787/464404b3-fr
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  • 74
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    Policy Dialogues in Focus for Brazil : International Insights for Digital Education Reform (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.100
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief brings together key reflections from the Policy Dialogues in Focus: International Insights for Digital Education Reform in Brazil. This seminar series from the Education Policy Outlook offered federal and subnational policy makers, civil society actors and researchers in Brazil the opportunity to learn from the experiences of six peer education systems (New South Wales (Australia), Chile, Colombia, Ireland, Korea and Mexico). The seminars also provided insights into other relevant international comparative and empirical work from the OECD. The policy brief builds on the main reflections and insights shared by presenters and participants in the seminars, covering four key topics: digital education governance, infrastructure and resources, capacity building and digital learning resources. The brief proposes pointers for policy makers in Brazil to consider when pursuing the design, implementation and monitoring and evaluation of digital education reforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/b6ec7886-en
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  • 75
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    A new measurement approach for identifying high-polluting jobs across European countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1795
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper develops a novel classification of high-polluting occupations for a large sample of European countries. Unlike previous efforts in the literature, the classification exploits country-level data on air polluting emission intensity by industry. The country-level data allows to capture important cross-country differences, due to differences in technology and in production focus. Applying the new classification to European Labour Force Survey data shows that, on average across the countries covered, about 4% of workers are employed in high-polluting jobs, ranging from 9% in Czechia and the Slovak Republic to around 2% in Austria. These shares do not exhibit any clear decreasing trend over the past decade. High-polluting jobs are unequally distributed, being over-represented among men, workers with lower and medium educational attainment and those living in rural areas.
    DOI: 10.1787/f5127e4c-en
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  • 76
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    Corporate Bond Markets in Asia : Challenges and Opportunities for Growth Companies (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264497399 , 9789264647299 , 9789264475724
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (85 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: This report presents a comprehensive analysis of the use and structure of corporate bond markets in Asia. Based on original data, it assesses the extent to which corporations, in particular smaller growth companies, use bond markets and how that has developed over time. It also examines the regulatory frameworks that govern these markets in 19 different jurisdictions. Drawing from these findings, it formulates policy considerations for facilitating growth company access to corporate bond markets.
    DOI: 10.1787/96192f4a-en
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    The Future of Public Transport Funding (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282116333
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: ITF Research Reports
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: Well-funded public transport services that provide easy access for all citizens to the opportunities they seek are essential to decarbonising transport, making our cities more liveable, and connecting people living in rural areas. This report aims to help governments meet the challenge of funding public transport sustainably and equitably. It recommends revisiting investment allocations, moving away from a road focus, and ensuring the efficiency of public transport services. Governments must also optimise the contributions of users, indirect beneficiaries of public transport (including landowners and businesses) and the public sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/82a4ba65-en
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  • 78
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    G20/OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則2023 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264402188
    Sprache: Japanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Aρχές εταιρικής διακυβέρνησης 2023 G20/ΟΟΣΑ
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/ՏՀԶԿ ԿՈՐՊՈՐԱՏԻՎ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՍԿԶԲՈՒՆՔՆԵՐ 2023
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE y del G20 2023
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principes de gouvernance d’entreprise du G20 et de l’OCDE 2023
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: G20/OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則は、政策立案者がコーポレートガバナンスについての法律、規制及び制度の枠組みを評価し改善する助けとなるものである。これらは、健全なコーポレートガバナンスの枠組みの主要な構成要素を特定し、国レベルでの実施のための実践的な指針を示している。また、本原則は、証券取引所、投資家、企業その他の良好なコーポレートガバナンスの発展において役割を担う者に対して指針を提供するものでもある。
    DOI: 10.1787/f66b3a85-ja
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  • 79
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    National Contact Point for Responsible Business Conduct Peer Reviews: Estonia 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Estonia
    Kurzfassung: This document is the peer review report of the National Contact Point (NCP) of Estonia. The objectives of NCP peer reviews are to assess that the NCP is functioning and operating in accordance with the core effectiveness criteria set out in the implementation procedures; to identify the NCP’s strengths and possibilities for improvement; to make recommendations for improvement; and to serve as a learning tool for all NCPs involved. The peer review of the NCP of Estonia was conducted by a team of reviewers from the NCPs of Argentina, Canada, and Israel, along with representatives of the OECD Secretariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/b2a24fa3-en
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  • 80
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    Online-Ressource
    Pilier Un - Montant B : Cadre Inclusif sur le BEPS (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264566026 , 9789264617988 , 9789264865952
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Projet OCDE/G20 sur l'érosion de la base d'imposition et le transfert de bénéfices
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Pillar One - Amount B: Inclusive Framework on BEPS
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation
    Kurzfassung: Dans le cadre de la Solution reposant sur deux piliers pour résoudre les défis fiscaux soulevés par la numérisation de l'économie convenue par le Cadre inclusif OCDE/G20 sur le BEPS en octobre 2021, le Montant B prévoit une approche simplifiée et rationalisée de l'application du principe de pleine concurrence aux activités de commercialisation et de distribution de produits de base dans le pays, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur les besoins des pays à faible capacité. Le contenu du rapport a été incorporé dans les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE applicables en matière de prix de transfert.
    DOI: 10.1787/2a736abb-fr
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  • 81
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    National Contact Point for Responsible Business Conduct Peer Reviews: Hungary 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Hungary
    Kurzfassung: Governments adhering to the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises are required to set up a National Contact Point (NCP) that functions in a visible, accessible, transparent and accountable manner. This report contains a peer review of the Hungarian NCP, mapping its strengths and accomplishments and also identifying opportunities for improvement.
    DOI: 10.1787/a26a0229-en
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  • 82
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    Online-Ressource
    Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results-Based Management for Sustainable Development (Second Edition) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264377110
    Sprache: Mehrsprachig
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: This Glossary defines concepts and terms commonly used in evaluation and results-based management. It provides a shared understanding to support the design, management, monitoring and evaluation of interventions for sustainable development. As a reference document, it is helpful for those commissioning, managing, or conducting evaluations, as well as people involved in strategy or programme development, management and implementation. While originally developed for international development co-operation, the Glossary can be applied in any field of public policy and is also useful for civil society, academia, and other non-state actors. This second edition includes updated content, including new definitions for the widely used evaluation criteria – relevance, coherence, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability – endorsed by the OECD Development Assistance Committee in 2019. It also provides minor updates to the original text to reflect current good practice. As concepts and language are constantly evolving, the document will be revisited and updated in due course.
    DOI: 10.1787/cfda7a8c-de-en
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  • 83
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    Online-Ressource
    Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results-Based Management for Sustainable Development (Second Edition) (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264389304
    Sprache: Mehrsprachig
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: This Glossary defines concepts and terms commonly used in evaluation and results-based management. It provides a shared understanding to support the design, management, monitoring and evaluation of interventions for sustainable development. As a reference document, it is helpful for those commissioning, managing, or conducting evaluations, as well as people involved in strategy or programme development, management and implementation. While originally developed for international development co-operation, the Glossary can be applied in any field of public policy and is also useful for civil society, academia, and other non-state actors. This second edition includes updated content, including new definitions for the widely used evaluation criteria – relevance, coherence, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability – endorsed by the OECD Development Assistance Committee in 2019. It also provides minor updates to the original text to reflect current good practice. As concepts and language are constantly evolving, the document will be revisited and updated in due course.
    DOI: 10.1787/82fbdfda-en-mn
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  • 84
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    Cartographie des efforts des secteurs public et privé pour assurer une transition juste (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.9
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Unpacking public and private efforts on just transition
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: De plus en plus, l’accent est mis sur les risques auxquels les individus, les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics sont confrontés (qui, par exemple, affectent leur bien-être ainsi que leurs conditions matérielles ou leur situation financière fondamentale) et sur les dommages qui se manifestent. On constate néanmoins une certaine hétérogénéité dans la manière dont les pays et les entreprises structurent et déploient leurs efforts, négligeant parfois de fixer des objectifs communs ou harmonisés ou d’établir des indicateurs cohérents permettant d’évaluer leur impact sur l’environnement et la société. L’établissement d’une sémantique commune sur le concept de transition juste et une solide compréhension de ses activités par les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises permettraient d'évaluer l'ampleur du problème. Cette synthèse donne un aperçu de certaines pratiques positives afin d'encourager d'autres à se lancer et fournit un point de référence pour mesurer les actions futures.
    DOI: 10.1787/79ff43a3-fr
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  • 85
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    Generative AI for anti-corruption and integrity in government : Taking stock of promise, perils and practice (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.12
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) presents myriad opportunities for integrity actors—anti-corruption agencies, supreme audit institutions, internal audit bodies and others—to enhance the impact of their work, particularly through the use of large language models (LLMS). As this type of AI becomes increasingly mainstream, it is critical for integrity actors to understand both where generative AI and LLMs can add the most value and the risks they pose. To advance this understanding, this paper draws on input from the OECD integrity and anti-corruption communities and provides a snapshot of the ways these bodies are using generative AI and LLMs, the challenges they face, and the insights these experiences offer to similar bodies in other countries. The paper also explores key considerations for integrity actors to ensure trustworthy AI systems and responsible use of AI as their capacities in this area develop.
    DOI: 10.1787/657a185a-en
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  • 86
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    Gender equality and economic growth : Past progress and future potential (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.304
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Despite women’s increased participation in the labour market significantly contributing to past economic growth, persistent gender gaps across OECD labour markets hinder full realization of the potential gains of women’s economic participation. This paper analyses the economic implications of these gaps and evaluates the potential for future growth through greater gender equality in labour market outcomes. Utilising two methodological frameworks, the paper first employs growth accounting to measure the contribution of women's employment to past economic growth. The paper then uses a simplified version of the OECD Long-Term Model in conjunction with projections on future labour force dynamics to estimate the impact of greater gender equality on the labour market. These analyses provide insight into the potentially significant economic benefits of closing persistent gender gaps across OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/fb0a0a93-en
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  • 87
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    Digital Technologies for Better Enforcement of Waste Regulation and Elimination of Waste Crime (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.234
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: Waste crimes create social and economic issues. Offenders commit crime due to either a lack of awareness of waste law or the belief that there is a low risk of being caught and punished. OECD countries are using digital tools to improve their use of resources with the aim to promote compliance and detect violation of waste law. This paper reviews the types of waste crimes, their motivations, and opportunities for governments to use digital tools for their enforcement efforts. It finds that governments have thus far mainly focused on digitalising their data collection and their exchange of information with the public and partners. Further application of digital tools can improve the connection of these tools and test predictive analytical tools such as artificial intelligence systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/6739f625-en
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  • 88
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    Evaluating post-pandemic education policies and combatting student absenteeism beyond COVID-19 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.101
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant challenges for education systems and students worldwide, particularly impacting vulnerable and disadvantaged groups. In response, OECD education systems implemented a variety of new policies and practices to address these challenges. As the pandemic subsides, there is an urgent need to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures. This assessment is crucial for guiding education systems beyond the pandemic, identifying which policies are worth sustaining, and addressing remaining challenges. In addition, increasing rates of student absenteeism and dropouts pose significant concerns for education systems across the OECD. For many, this trend has exacerbated since the COVID-19 pandemic. It is vital for education systems to share insights on these challenges, foster discussions about effective strategies to address them, and evaluate the efficacy of current approaches. This Policy Brief draws on evidence from the 2023 “Survey on equity and inclusion in education post COVID-19” developed by the Education for Inclusive Societies Project to address two main questions: • Which policies and practices have been evaluated and maintained by education systems post-pandemic? • Are education systems seeing rises in absences and dropouts? How are they responding to these challenges?
    DOI: 10.1787/a38f74b2-en
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  • 89
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    An ocean of data : The potential of data on vessel traffic (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2024/02
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: Rising uncertainties and geo-political tensions, together with increasingly complex trade relations have increased the demand for monitoring global trade in a timely manner. Although it was primarily designed to ensure vessel safety, information from the Automatic Information System, which allows for the tracking of vessels across the globe, is particularly well suited for providing insights on port activity and maritime trade developments, which accounts for a large share of global trade. Data are available in quasi real time but need to be pre-processed and validated. This paper contributes to existing research in this field in two major ways. First, it proposes a new methodology to identify ports, at a higher level of granularity than in past research. Second, it builds indicators to monitor port congestion and trends in maritime trade flows and provides more granular information to better understand those flows. Those indicators will still need to be refined, by complementing the AIS database with additional data sources, but already provide a useful source of information to monitor trade, at the country and global levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/34b7a926-en
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  • 90
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    Measuring subjective well-being across OECD countries (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Policy Insights on Well-being, Inclusion and Equal Opportunity no.16
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Thanks to the large investment of official data producers in OECD countries, measures of subjective well-being have become increasingly robust and meaningful from a policy perspective. In the ten years since the OECD published its Guidelines on Measuring Subjective Well-being, the inclusion of subjective well-being indicators in national measurement frameworks and household surveys has grown. Country practice has converged around a standard measure of life satisfaction, however affective and eudaimonic measures of subjective well-being remain less harmonised. This policy insights, along with its accompanying working paper, identify priority areas for future OECD work by marrying the practical concerns of data collectors with good practice as identified by the academic literature.
    DOI: 10.1787/f5199579-en
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  • 91
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    Towards more diverse and flexible international large-scale assessments (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.310
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores enhancements to international large-scale assessments (ILSAs). It advocates for diversification, targeting specific groups or individuals for more precise diagnoses, and flexibilisation, refining the item bank for assessments' relevance and adaptability. The paper also introduces prototypes for new assessment tools, representing a significant evolution in ILSAs' design and application, aiming for broader impact and increased adaptability in ILSAs.
    DOI: 10.1787/0417b5ec-en
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  • 92
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    OECD performance budgeting framework (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Performance Budgeting Framework provides four building blocks to guide countries in strengthening their approach to performance budgeting. These are (i) tools and methods for developing meaningful performance information, (ii) accountability and transparency, (iii) a strong enabling environment, and (iv) the use of performance information to inform decisions around the budget.
    DOI: 10.1787/247e9dcb-en
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  • 93
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    Enhancing Scotland’s multi-level school improvement support system (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.94
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: The Scottish Government and the OECD co-facilitated an international peer learning event in May 2023 to explore ways and approaches for clarifying the roles and responsibilities of school improvement support provided at different levels of the education system. The event brought together Scottish stakeholders and international experts from Ireland, Norway and Wales (United Kingdom) to collectively reflect on the country’s school improvement system. This report, written between May and September 2023, captures and summarises the peer learning event discussions and proposes policy options to help advance Scotland’s education reform agenda. This report will be valuable not only for Scotland, but also to the many countries that are looking to strengthen their school improvement support systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/e9326c26-en
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  • 94
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    Career guidance, social inequality and social mobility : Insights from international data (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Spotlights no.11
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Young people from low socio-economic status (SES) backgrounds face additional barriers as they seek to convert their qualifications and experience into successful employment. They encounter particular challenges in seeking to enter high status jobs. The barriers they face can be productively conceptualised in terms of economic, human, social and cultural capital accumulation. Schools can help to build these resources through programmes of career guidance, but to be successful they must actively respond to predictable barriers relating to access to trusted information and useful experiences. PISA shows a need for socially focused interventions. Career uncertainty and confusion is shaped by SES. Low SES students are also less likely to engage in most commonplace career development activities. Equitable guidance systems will target greater provision at low SES students and aim ultimately to provide personalise provision to all students, encouraging and enabling understanding of and progression towards careers promising greatest personal fulfilment. Insights from longitudinal data provide new opportunities for more scientific and strategic approaches to delivering effective provision.
    DOI: 10.1787/e98d0ae7-en
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  • 95
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    A Roadmap towards Circular Economy of Albania (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264585218 , 9789264443174 , 9789264796232
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Albania
    Kurzfassung: This roadmap aims to assist the Albanian government in establishing robust policy foundations for a successful circular economy transition. As an EU candidate country, Albania has committed to align with European climate objectives by endorsing the Sofia Declaration on the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans, with the circular economy transition being its key component. Recognising the prominent role of this transition in both national and regional development and proactively addressing the challenges posed by increasing climate change vulnerabilities, reliance on imported raw materials and increased waste, Albania is now poised for a strategic framework followed by concrete actions to embark on this transformative journey. Informed by a comprehensive diagnostic of Albania’s circular economy landscape, the roadmap strategically integrates existing policy initiatives, fostering synergies across sectors, measures and actors involved in this transformation. Highlighting three key areas where circular economy policies can have a significant impact in Albania – economic instruments, circular business models for SMEs and targeted solutions for plastics, with a focus on marine litter – the roadmap unveils 35 policy recommendations. These recommendations, supported by a monitoring framework, should serve as a cornerstone for propelling Albania towards a more sustainable and circular future.
    DOI: 10.1787/8c970fdc-en
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  • 96
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    Rapport sur la dette mondiale 2024 : Les marchés obligataires dans un contexte de dette élevée (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264899254 , 9789264790247 , 9789264973756
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Global Debt Report 2024: Bond Markets in a High-Debt Environment
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: Le Rapport sur la dette mondiale examine les marchés de la dette souveraine et de la dette d'entreprise, apporte un éclairage sur les conditions actuelles du marché et formule des considérations pour l’action publique, y compris sur les risques éventuels pour la stabilité financière. Cette première édition intègre les Perspectives sur les emprunts souverains, qui étaient auparavant une publication distincte de l'OCDE, et comporte de nouveaux chapitres portant sur les marchés des obligations d'entreprises et les obligations durables. Le chapitre 1 donne une vue d’ensemble des emprunts souverains dans le monde et un aperçu des pays de l’OCDE, en mettant l’accent sur l’impact des évolutions récentes des conditions de financement et des changements intervenus dans la base d’investisseurs. Le chapitre 2 analyse la dynamique du marché des obligations d’entreprise à l’échelle mondiale, l’accumulation des risques et des vulnérabilités et les répercussions de la transformation du paysage macrofinancier. Le chapitre 3 passe en revue les tendances qui se font jour sur les marchés mondiaux des obligations durables et examine les facteurs intéressant l’action publique, tels que la prime de durabilité, le rôle des prestataires de services et la liquidité du marché.
    DOI: 10.1787/63ccad6c-fr
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  • 97
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Chile 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264350137 , 9789264734975 , 9789264539778
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Chile
    Kurzfassung: Chile has made important strides on its environmental agenda in recent years with the passage of the Framework Law on Climate Change, the establishment of the Biodiversity and Protected Areas Service and the ratification of the Escazú Agreement. However, the country has made limited progress in decoupling environmental pressures from economic growth. Greenhouse gas emissions have continued to rise and the country is not on track to reach its legally binding target of net zero by 2050. Chile is well-positioned to achieve its targets for biodiversity, while air pollution remains a serious public health challenge and waste management relies heavily on landfilling. Chile is facing a severe and deepening water crisis that requires concerted action to improve water allocation and water quality, and to strengthen water governance. The review provides 36 recommendations to help Chile improve its environmental performance, with a special focus on water management and policies. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of Chile. It provides an independent, evidence-based evaluation of the country’s environmental performance since the previous review in 2016.
    DOI: 10.1787/5bc65d36-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Reimagining Education, Realising Potential (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264538689 , 9789264736801 , 9789264535800
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: International Summit on the Teaching Profession
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Students face a future filled with uncertainty and change. For education systems to continue to remain relevant, they must empower students to navigate these changes and succeed in the future by equipping them with the requisite knowledge, skills, attitudes and values. Teachers are key enablers of this endeavour, and it is imperative that governments and teacher organisations collaborate to support teachers in exploring and enacting pedagogies, and designing learning environments that support student attainment of future-ready competencies, through policies, processes and teacher professional development.
    DOI: 10.1787/b44e2c39-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    GHG Emission Trends and Targets (GETT) : Harmonised quantification methodology and indicators (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.230
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The Paris Agreement maps out a path for internationally coordinated efforts to curb global warming. At the centre of the Paris Agreement are Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) that establish countries’ plans to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as adapt to the impacts of climate change. However, mitigation contributions defined in NDCs are different across countries in terms of target types, coverage of sectors and gases. This makes it challenging to assess progress on mitigation commitments. To complement the UNFCCC efforts, and facilitate the evaluation and monitoring of targets, this paper develops a methodology that harmonises countries’ 2030 mitigation targets in physical units and provide clarity on sector and gas coverage. The results are used to develop the GHG Emission Trends and Targets (GETT) indicators for non-EU countries and the EU-27 covered under the International Programme for Action on Climate (IPAC). The GETT indicators support the analyses of emissions' trajectories by describing historical GHG emission trends and comparing them to NDC emission targets, considering various reference years and indicators, including emissions intensity per capita or per unit of GDP.
    DOI: 10.1787/decef216-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Yes Minister, Yes Evidence : Structures and skills for better evidence use in education policy (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.96
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Engaging with research, and ensuring research evidence is used well, is key to professionalising education policy making processes, and ultimately to improving educational outcomes. But the systematic use of evidence in policy making faces many challenges. This policy brief draws on evidence from the OECD Strengthening the Impact of Education Research project’s country learning seminars, as well as the project’s policy survey that collected responses from ministries of education in 37 education systems from 29 countries. The project is based in the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (CERI). This brief presents a set of case studies on two questions: • What human resource strategies can build individual and collective civil service professionalism? • What stable structures and mechanisms can contribute to the systematic and thoughtful use of evidence in policy processes?
    DOI: 10.1787/6f97bcda-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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