Paul L. Knox, Sallie A. Marston

Human Geography

Places and Regions in Global Context, Global Edition

7. Auflage
Erscheinungsjahr: 2015
Print-ISBN: 978-1-292-10947-3
E-ISBN: 978-1-292-10948-0
Seiten: 508
Sprache: Englisch

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Zusammenfassung

For courses in Human Geography

A distinctly modern look at human geography. Described as “fresh, innovative, and intelligent,” Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context is acclaimed for its global approach, conceptual rigor, engaging real-world applications, and outstanding visual program. Knox and Marston foster awareness of current issues and developing trends from a geographic perspective, and provide a solid foundation in the fundamentals of human geography. The authors integrate compelling local, regional, and global viewpoints to give meaning to people and places. By providing access to the latest ideas, concepts, and theories, the text deepens students’ understanding of the interdependence of places and regions in a globalizing world. The Seventh Edition extends Knox/Marston’s modern approach, integrating new technology as well as new visual and thematic features relevant to human geography today.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Cover

1

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15
Title Page

15

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16
Copyright Page

16

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27
Acknowledgments

27

-

18
Contents

18

-

5
Book & MasteringGeography™ Walkthrough

5

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25
Preface

25

-

29
About the Authors

29

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30
Digital & Print Resources

30

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33
+

1 Geography Matters

33

-

61
- Why Geography Matters
  
  34
  
  -
  
  34
- +
  
  Why Places Matter
  
  34
  
  -
  
  36
  - The Influence of Places
    
    34
    
    -
    
    35
  - The Meaning of Places
    
    35
    
    -
    
    36
- +
  
  Studying Human Geography
  
  36
  
  -
  
  37
  - Geographical Relationships
    
    37
    
    -
    
    37
- The Basic Tools and Methods of Human Geographers
  
  37
  
  -
  
  38
- 1.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Why Geography Matters
  
  38
  
  -
  
  40
- +
  
  1.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Maps
  
  40
  
  -
  
  43
  - Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
    
    42
    
    -
    
    43
- +
  
  Spatial Analysis
  
  43
  
  -
  
  44
  - Location
    
    43
    
    -
    
    44
- +
  
  1.3 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Greenwich, England
  
  44
  
  -
  
  48
  - Distance
    
    45
    
    -
    
    47
  - Space
    
    47
    
    -
    
    47
  - Accessibility
    
    47
    
    -
    
    48
- +
  
  1.4 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Assessing Spatial Inequality
  
  48
  
  -
  
  51
  - Spatial Interaction
    
    49
    
    -
    
    51
- +
  
  Regional Analysis
  
  51
  
  -
  
  55
  - Regionalization
    
    51
    
    -
    
    52
  - Landscape
    
    52
    
    -
    
    52
  - Sense of Place
    
    52
    
    -
    
    55
- Developing a Geographical Imagination
  
  55
  
  -
  
  56
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  56
  
  -
  
  59
  - Conclusion
    
    57
    
    -
    
    58
  - Key Terms
    
    58
    
    -
    
    58
  - Review & Discussion
    
    58
    
    -
    
    58
  - Unplugged
    
    58
    
    -
    
    59
  - Data Analysis
    
    59
    
    -
    
    61
+

2 The Changing Global Context

61

-

95
- +
  
  The Premodern World
  
  62
  
  -
  
  67
  - Hearth Areas
    
    62
    
    -
    
    63
  - The Growth of Early Empires
    
    63
    
    -
    
    65
  - The Geography of the Premodern World
    
    65
    
    -
    
    67
- An Interdependent World Geography
  
  67
  
  -
  
  68
- +
  
  2.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Expansion and Disintegration of States
  
  68
  
  -
  
  80
  - Core and Periphery in the New World-System
    
    72
    
    -
    
    75
  - Organizing the Periphery
    
    75
    
    -
    
    79
  - The Struggle for Independence
    
    79
    
    -
    
    80
- +
  
  Contemporary Globalization
  
  80
  
  -
  
  82
  - Key Issues in a Globalizing World
    
    81
    
    -
    
    82
- 2.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Commodity Chains
  
  82
  
  -
  
  86
- 2.3 WINDOW ON THE WORLD America’s Drowning Atlantic Seaboard
  
  86
  
  -
  
  88
- +
  
  2.4 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Core-Periphery Disparity
  
  88
  
  -
  
  90
  - Westernization and Cultural Imperialism
    
    89
    
    -
    
    90
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  90
  
  -
  
  93
  - Conclusion
    
    91
    
    -
    
    92
  - Key Terms
    
    92
    
    -
    
    92
  - Review & Discussion
    
    92
    
    -
    
    93
  - Unplugged
    
    93
    
    -
    
    93
  - Data Analysis
    
    93
    
    -
    
    95
+

3 Geographies of Population and Migration

95

-

137
- +
  
  The Demographer’s Toolbox
  
  96
  
  -
  
  97
  - Censuses and Vital Records
    
    96
    
    -
    
    97
  - Limitations of the Census
    
    97
    
    -
    
    97
- +
  
  Population Distribution and Composition
  
  97
  
  -
  
  101
  - Population Distribution
    
    97
    
    -
    
    99
  - Population Density
    
    99
    
    -
    
    99
  - Population Composition
    
    99
    
    -
    
    101
- +
  
  3.1 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Population Segregation in the United States
  
  101
  
  -
  
  106
  - Age-Sex Pyramids
    
    102
    
    -
    
    102
  - Population Cohorts
    
    102
    
    -
    
    104
  - The Effect of Population Cohorts
    
    104
    
    -
    
    106
- 3.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Education Abroad
  
  106
  
  -
  
  108
- +
  
  Population Dynamics and Processes
  
  108
  
  -
  
  112
  - Birth (or Fertility) Rates
    
    108
    
    -
    
    108
  - Total Fertility Rate
    
    108
    
    -
    
    108
  - Death (or Mortality) Rates
    
    108
    
    -
    
    109
  - Infant Mortality and Life Expectancy
    
    109
    
    -
    
    111
  - Medical and Health Geographies
    
    111
    
    -
    
    112
- +
  
  3.3 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Global and the Local in Health and Disease
  
  112
  
  -
  
  116
  - Demographic Transition Theory
    
    115
    
    -
    
    115
  - The Demographic Trap
    
    115
    
    -
    
    116
  - Education, Women, and Demographic Transformation
    
    116
    
    -
    
    116
- +
  
  Population Movement and Migration
  
  116
  
  -
  
  120
  - Mobility and Migration
    
    116
    
    -
    
    118
  - Documenting and Explaining Migration
    
    118
    
    -
    
    118
  - Push and Pull Factors and Types of Migration
    
    118
    
    -
    
    119
  - International Voluntary Migration
    
    119
    
    -
    
    119
  - Labor Migration
    
    119
    
    -
    
    120
- +
  
  3.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Internal Displacement
  
  120
  
  -
  
  127
  - Amenity Migration
    
    123
    
    -
    
    123
  - International Forced Migration
    
    123
    
    -
    
    125
  - Internal Voluntary Migration
    
    125
    
    -
    
    125
  - Internal Forced Migration
    
    125
    
    -
    
    127
- +
  
  Population Debates and Policies
  
  127
  
  -
  
  131
  - Population and Resources
    
    127
    
    -
    
    128
  - Population Policies and Programs
    
    128
    
    -
    
    129
  - International Population Policies
    
    129
    
    -
    
    130
  - The UN Millennium Development Goals
    
    130
    
    -
    
    131
  - Progress on the MDGs
    
    131
    
    -
    
    131
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  131
  
  -
  
  135
  - Conclusion
    
    133
    
    -
    
    134
  - Key Terms
    
    134
    
    -
    
    134
  - Review & Discussion
    
    134
    
    -
    
    134
  - Unplugged
    
    134
    
    -
    
    135
  - Data Analysis
    
    135
    
    -
    
    137
+

4 People and Nature

137

-

183
- +
  
  Nature as a Concept
  
  138
  
  -
  
  142
  - The Earth Summits
    
    138
    
    -
    
    140
  - Alternative Solutions to Environmental Problems
    
    140
    
    -
    
    141
  - Nature and Society Defined
    
    141
    
    -
    
    141
  - The Complex Relationship of Environmental Impacts, Population, and Affluence
    
    141
    
    -
    
    142
- +
  
  4.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Political Ecology of Carbon Offsets
  
  142
  
  -
  
  145
  - Nature–Society Interactions
    
    145
    
    -
    
    145
- +
  
  Environmental Attitudes and Philosophies in the United States
  
  145
  
  -
  
  147
  - Classical Environmental Philosophies
    
    146
    
    -
    
    147
- Contemporary Environmental Philosophies
  
  147
  
  -
  
  148
- +
  
  Global Change in the Anthropocene
  
  148
  
  -
  
  157
  - European Colonial Expansion
    
    148
    
    -
    
    152
  - Global Climate Change
    
    152
    
    -
    
    152
  - What is Climate Change?
    
    152
    
    -
    
    153
  - How Do We Know Climate Is Changing?
    
    153
    
    -
    
    153
  - What Are Some Projected Impacts of These Changes?
    
    153
    
    -
    
    155
  - What’s to Be Done?
    
    155
    
    -
    
    155
  - The Climate Change Controversy
    
    155
    
    -
    
    157
- +
  
  Energy, Land-Use Change and Environment
  
  157
  
  -
  
  158
  - Energy Needs and Environmental Impacts
    
    157
    
    -
    
    158
- +
  
  4.2 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Energy Consumption and Production
  
  158
  
  -
  
  166
  - Biomass and Hydropower
    
    160
    
    -
    
    164
  - Land Use and Environmental Impacts
    
    164
    
    -
    
    166
- +
  
  4.3 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Renewable Energy Resources
  
  166
  
  -
  
  172
  - Water Use and Access
    
    170
    
    -
    
    172
- +
  
  The State of the Global Environment
  
  172
  
  -
  
  174
  - Global Environmental Governance
    
    172
    
    -
    
    174
- +
  
  4.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Ecotourism
  
  174
  
  -
  
  177
  - Environmental Sustainability
    
    176
    
    -
    
    177
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  177
  
  -
  
  181
  - Conclusion
    
    178
    
    -
    
    180
  - Key Terms
    
    180
    
    -
    
    180
  - Review & Discussion
    
    180
    
    -
    
    180
  - Unplugged
    
    180
    
    -
    
    181
  - Data Analysis
    
    181
    
    -
    
    183
+

5 Cultural Geographies

183

-

217
- +
  
  Culture as a Geographical Process
  
  184
  
  -
  
  187
  - Culture
    
    184
    
    -
    
    185
  - Geography and Culture
    
    185
    
    -
    
    185
  - A Two-Way Relationship
    
    185
    
    -
    
    186
  - Traditions of Cultural Geography
    
    186
    
    -
    
    187
- Building Cultural Complexes
  
  187
  
  -
  
  187
- Cultural Landscape
  
  187
  
  -
  
  188
- +
  
  5.1 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY UNESCO World Heritage Landscapes
  
  188
  
  -
  
  192
  - Critique of Sauer’s Cultural Landscape
    
    190
    
    -
    
    190
  - European Approaches to Culture and Place
    
    190
    
    -
    
    191
  - Cultural Traits
    
    191
    
    -
    
    191
  - Cultural Complexes and Regions
    
    191
    
    -
    
    192
- 5.2 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Shaping Place Through Fact and Fiction, Practice and Representation
  
  192
  
  -
  
  194
- +
  
  Cultural Systems
  
  194
  
  -
  
  196
  - Culture and Society
    
    194
    
    -
    
    196
- +
  
  Culture and Identity
  
  196
  
  -
  
  199
  - Sex and Gender
    
    196
    
    -
    
    198
  - Feminism and Gender
    
    198
    
    -
    
    198
  - Gender and Class
    
    198
    
    -
    
    198
  - Ethnicity
    
    198
    
    -
    
    199
- +
  
  5.3 SPATIAL INEQUALITY The Global Gender Gap
  
  199
  
  -
  
  203
  - Race
    
    200
    
    -
    
    201
  - Whiteness, Blackness, and Rap Music
    
    201
    
    -
    
    202
  - Geographies of Disability
    
    202
    
    -
    
    202
  - Children’s Geographies and Geographies of Childhood
    
    202
    
    -
    
    203
- +
  
  Emergent Cultural Geographies
  
  203
  
  -
  
  206
  - Actor-Network Theory
    
    203
    
    -
    
    203
  - Non-Representational Theory
    
    203
    
    -
    
    204
  - Emotional Geographies
    
    204
    
    -
    
    205
  - Materialism
    
    205
    
    -
    
    206
- +
  
  Globalization and Cultural Change
  
  206
  
  -
  
  208
  - Americanization and Globalization
    
    206
    
    -
    
    207
  - A Global Culture
    
    207
    
    -
    
    208
- 5.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Geographies of Beauty and Plastic Surgery
  
  208
  
  -
  
  210
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  210
  
  -
  
  215
  - Conclusion
    
    212
    
    -
    
    213
  - Key Terms
    
    213
    
    -
    
    214
  - Review & Discussion
    
    214
    
    -
    
    214
  - Unplugged
    
    214
    
    -
    
    215
  - Data Analysis
    
    215
    
    -
    
    217
+

6 Language, Communication, and Belief

217

-

259
- +
  
  Geographies of Language
  
  218
  
  -
  
  223
  - What Is Language?
    
    218
    
    -
    
    219
  - The World of Language
    
    219
    
    -
    
    223
- +
  
  Language Relationships and Dynamics
  
  223
  
  -
  
  228
  - Language Family
    
    223
    
    -
    
    223
  - Language Trees
    
    223
    
    -
    
    226
  - Language Hearths
    
    226
    
    -
    
    227
  - Indentify and Language
    
    227
    
    -
    
    228
- 6.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Language Revival
  
  228
  
  -
  
  230
- Communication
  
  230
  
  -
  
  232
- +
  
  6.2 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Geographies of Literacy
  
  232
  
  -
  
  236
  - Language of Social Media
    
    234
    
    -
    
    235
  - Sign Language
    
    235
    
    -
    
    235
  - Sensual language
    
    235
    
    -
    
    236
- +
  
  Religious Geographies
  
  236
  
  -
  
  242
  - Global Distribution of the World’s Religions
    
    236
    
    -
    
    236
  - Migration and Religion
    
    236
    
    -
    
    237
  - The World’s Major Religions
    
    237
    
    -
    
    241
  - Religiosity
    
    241
    
    -
    
    242
- +
  
  6.3 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Belief Systems and Restrictions on Behavior
  
  242
  
  -
  
  245
  - Other Belief Systems
    
    244
    
    -
    
    245
- +
  
  Globalization, Communication, and Religion
  
  245
  
  -
  
  247
  - The Influence of Modern Communications
    
    246
    
    -
    
    247
- +
  
  6.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Fashion Veiling
  
  247
  
  -
  
  249
  - Reaction: Islam and Cultural Nationalism
    
    248
    
    -
    
    249
- +
  
  Religion and Landscape
  
  249
  
  -
  
  254
  - Sacred Spaces and Pilgrimages
    
    250
    
    -
    
    254
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  254
  
  -
  
  257
  - Conclusion
    
    254
    
    -
    
    256
  - Key Terms
    
    256
    
    -
    
    256
  - Review & Discussion
    
    256
    
    -
    
    256
  - Unplugged
    
    256
    
    -
    
    257
  - Data Analysis
    
    257
    
    -
    
    259
+

7 Interpreting Places and Landscapes

259

-

289
- Behavior, Knowledge, and Human Environments
  
  260
  
  -
  
  262
- +
  
  Place-Making
  
  262
  
  -
  
  265
  - Territoriality
    
    262
    
    -
    
    263
  - Street Art
    
    263
    
    -
    
    263
  - People and Places, Insiders and Outsiders
    
    263
    
    -
    
    265
- +
  
  7.1 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Outsider Art
  
  265
  
  -
  
  269
  - Experience and Meaning
    
    265
    
    -
    
    267
  - Images and Behavior
    
    267
    
    -
    
    269
- +
  
  Landscapes as Human Systems
  
  269
  
  -
  
  272
  - The Social Meaning of Landscapes
    
    269
    
    -
    
    271
  - Landscapes of National Identity
    
    271
    
    -
    
    272
- 7.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Route 66
  
  272
  
  -
  
  274
- 7.3 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Trafalgar Square and British National Identity
  
  274
  
  -
  
  277
- +
  
  Coded Spaces
  
  277
  
  -
  
  278
  - Commercial Spaces
    
    277
    
    -
    
    278
- +
  
  Globalization and Place-Making
  
  278
  
  -
  
  280
  - Going Slow
    
    278
    
    -
    
    279
  - Places as Objects of Consumption
    
    279
    
    -
    
    280
- 7.4 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Geography of Stardom: Celebrity and Place
  
  280
  
  -
  
  284
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  284
  
  -
  
  287
  - Conclusion
    
    285
    
    -
    
    286
  - Key Terms
    
    286
    
    -
    
    286
  - Review & Discussion
    
    286
    
    -
    
    287
  - Unplugged
    
    287
    
    -
    
    287
  - Data Analysis
    
    287
    
    -
    
    289
+

8 Geographies of Economic Development

289

-

329
- +
  
  Patterns of Economic Development
  
  290
  
  -
  
  294
  - Technological Change and Economic Development
    
    290
    
    -
    
    290
  - The Unevenness of Economic Development
    
    290
    
    -
    
    291
  - Measuring Levels of Economic Development
    
    291
    
    -
    
    292
  - Resources and Development
    
    292
    
    -
    
    294
- +
  
  8.1 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Technological Change and Economic Development
  
  294
  
  -
  
  297
  - Resources and Development
    
    296
    
    -
    
    297
- +
  
  The Economic Structure of Countries and Regions
  
  297
  
  -
  
  300
  - Knowledge and Economics
    
    299
    
    -
    
    299
  - International Trade
    
    299
    
    -
    
    300
- 8.2 WINDOW ON THE WORLD China’s Economic Development
  
  300
  
  -
  
  302
- +
  
  8.3 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Gender and Economic Development
  
  302
  
  -
  
  307
  - Interpretations of International Patterns of Development
    
    305
    
    -
    
    307
- +
  
  Regional Economic Development
  
  307
  
  -
  
  312
  - The Economics of Location
    
    307
    
    -
    
    307
  - Regional Economic Linkages
    
    307
    
    -
    
    308
  - The Modification of Regional Core-Periphery Patterns
    
    308
    
    -
    
    312
- +
  
  Globalization and Economic Development
  
  312
  
  -
  
  320
  - Global Assembly Lines and Supply Chains
    
    313
    
    -
    
    317
  - New Geographies of Office Employment
    
    317
    
    -
    
    319
  - The Experience Economy and Place Marketing
    
    319
    
    -
    
    320
- 8.4 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS How Geopolitics has Changed the World
  
  320
  
  -
  
  322
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  322
  
  -
  
  327
  - Conclusion
    
    324
    
    -
    
    325
  - Key Terms
    
    325
    
    -
    
    326
  - Review & Discussion
    
    326
    
    -
    
    326
  - Unplugged
    
    326
    
    -
    
    327
  - Data Analysis
    
    327
    
    -
    
    329
+

9 Geographies of Food and Agriculture

329

-

373
- +
  
  Traditional Agricultural Geography
  
  330
  
  -
  
  337
  - Agricultural Practices
    
    330
    
    -
    
    331
  - Origins and Change in Agriculture
    
    331
    
    -
    
    331
  - Shifting Cultivation
    
    331
    
    -
    
    334
  - Intensive Subsistence Agriculture
    
    334
    
    -
    
    336
  - Pastoralism
    
    336
    
    -
    
    336
  - Culture and Society in Agriculture
    
    336
    
    -
    
    337
- +
  
  Agricultural Revolution and Industrialization
  
  337
  
  -
  
  342
  - The First Agricultural Revolution
    
    337
    
    -
    
    338
  - The Second Agricultural Revolution
    
    338
    
    -
    
    338
  - The Third Agricultural Revolution
    
    338
    
    -
    
    340
  - The Industrialization of Agriculture
    
    340
    
    -
    
    341
  - Nontraditional agricultural exports
    
    341
    
    -
    
    342
- +
  
  9.1 WINDOW ON THE WORLD The Green Revolution Then and Now
  
  342
  
  -
  
  348
  - Contract Farming
    
    344
    
    -
    
    344
  - Biotechnology and Agriculture
    
    344
    
    -
    
    344
  - Biotechnology
    
    344
    
    -
    
    345
  - Opposition to GMOs
    
    345
    
    -
    
    346
  - The Adverse Effects of Biotechnology
    
    346
    
    -
    
    348
- +
  
  Global Change in Food Production and Consumption
  
  348
  
  -
  
  356
  - Forces of Change
    
    348
    
    -
    
    348
  - National and International Agricultural Policy
    
    348
    
    -
    
    349
  - What Are Some Key Agricultural Policies?
    
    349
    
    -
    
    349
  - What Are Some Important Impacts of National and International Policies?
    
    349
    
    -
    
    349
  - Opposition to Globalized Agriculture
    
    349
    
    -
    
    349
  - Agricultural Subsidies
    
    349
    
    -
    
    350
  - The Organization of the Agro-Food System
    
    350
    
    -
    
    350
  - Agribusiness
    
    350
    
    -
    
    351
  - Food Supply Chain
    
    351
    
    -
    
    352
  - Food Regimes and Alternative Food Movements
    
    352
    
    -
    
    352
  - Colonialism and Food Exports
    
    352
    
    -
    
    352
  - Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
    
    352
    
    -
    
    354
  - Local Food
    
    354
    
    -
    
    355
  - Fast Food
    
    355
    
    -
    
    356
- +
  
  9.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Urban Agriculture
  
  356
  
  -
  
  360
  - Fast Food and its Health Effects
    
    358
    
    -
    
    358
  - Fast Food and its Environmental Impacts
    
    358
    
    -
    
    360
- 9.3 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Food Deserts
  
  360
  
  -
  
  362
- +
  
  The Environment and Agricultural Industrialization
  
  362
  
  -
  
  363
  - How the Environment Shapes Agriculture
    
    362
    
    -
    
    362
  - How Industrial Agriculture Affects the Environment
    
    362
    
    -
    
    363
- +
  
  Emerging Challenges and Opportunities in the Global Food System
  
  363
  
  -
  
  366
  - Food and Hunger
    
    364
    
    -
    
    364
  - Nutrition Issues
    
    364
    
    -
    
    365
  - Famine, Food Security and Food Safety
    
    365
    
    -
    
    365
  - Land Grabs
    
    365
    
    -
    
    366
- +
  
  9.4 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Hunger and Poverty in the United States
  
  366
  
  -
  
  368
  - Addressing Hunger
    
    368
    
    -
    
    368
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  368
  
  -
  
  371
  - Conclusion
    
    369
    
    -
    
    370
  - Key Terms
    
    370
    
    -
    
    370
  - Review & Discussion
    
    370
    
    -
    
    371
  - Unplugged
    
    371
    
    -
    
    371
  - Data Analysis
    
    371
    
    -
    
    373
+

10 Political Geographies

373

-

423
- +
  
  The Development of Political Geography
  
  374
  
  -
  
  380
  - The Geopolitical Model of the State
    
    374
    
    -
    
    374
  - Boundaries and Frontiers
    
    374
    
    -
    
    380
- 10.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Politics at the Poles
  
  380
  
  -
  
  382
- +
  
  Geopolitics and the World Order
  
  382
  
  -
  
  390
  - States, Nations and Citizenship
    
    382
    
    -
    
    382
  - What is a citizen
    
    382
    
    -
    
    383
  - Multinational States
    
    383
    
    -
    
    384
  - Russia’s State and National Transformation
    
    384
    
    -
    
    385
  - State Theory
    
    385
    
    -
    
    385
  - Althusser
    
    385
    
    -
    
    385
  - Foucault
    
    385
    
    -
    
    386
  - Deleuze
    
    386
    
    -
    
    386
  - Biopolitics
    
    386
    
    -
    
    386
  - Imperialism and Colonialism
    
    386
    
    -
    
    389
  - Orientalism and Post-colonialism
    
    389
    
    -
    
    390
- +
  
  10.2 WINDOW ON THE WORLD The Arab Spring and Its Aftermath
  
  390
  
  -
  
  398
  - China and the East/West Divide
    
    396
    
    -
    
    397
  - The New World Order
    
    397
    
    -
    
    398
- 10.3 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Global Military Spending
  
  398
  
  -
  
  402
- +
  
  10.4 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Global Corruption
  
  402
  
  -
  
  404
  - After the Iraq War
    
    403
    
    -
    
    404
- +
  
  International and Supranational Organizations and New Regimes of Global Governance
  
  404
  
  -
  
  417
  - Transnational Political Integration
    
    404
    
    -
    
    405
  - Globalization, Transnational Governance, and the State
    
    405
    
    -
    
    408
  - The Two-Way Street of Politics and Geography
    
    408
    
    -
    
    408
  - The Politics of Geography
    
    408
    
    -
    
    413
  - The Geography of Politics and Geographical Systems of Representation
    
    413
    
    -
    
    417
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  417
  
  -
  
  421
  - Conclusion
    
    418
    
    -
    
    419
  - Key Terms
    
    419
    
    -
    
    419
  - Review & Discussion
    
    419
    
    -
    
    420
  - Unplugged
    
    420
    
    -
    
    421
  - Data Analysis
    
    421
    
    -
    
    423
+

11 Urbanization and the Global Urban System

423

-

459
- +
  
  Urban Geography and Urbanization
  
  424
  
  -
  
  427
  - Studying Urbanization
    
    424
    
    -
    
    425
  - Urbanization and Changing Human Geographies
    
    425
    
    -
    
    427
- Foundations of the Global Urban System
  
  427
  
  -
  
  428
- 11.1 SPATIAL INEQUALITY The Prosperity of Cities
  
  428
  
  -
  
  430
- +
  
  11.2 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Cities and Economic Development
  
  430
  
  -
  
  436
  - European Urban Expansion
    
    432
    
    -
    
    433
  - Industrialization and Urbanization
    
    433
    
    -
    
    435
  - Colonial Cities
    
    435
    
    -
    
    436
- +
  
  11.3 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY The Urbanization Process
  
  436
  
  -
  
  442
  - Transport Networks and Urban Systems
    
    438
    
    -
    
    439
  - Primacy and Centrality in the Global Urban System
    
    439
    
    -
    
    442
- +
  
  World Urbanization Today
  
  442
  
  -
  
  448
  - World Cities
    
    442
    
    -
    
    444
  - Megacities
    
    444
    
    -
    
    446
  - Mature Metropolises
    
    446
    
    -
    
    448
- +
  
  11.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD The Pearl River Delta: An Extended Metropolis
  
  448
  
  -
  
  452
  - Cities and Climate Change
    
    449
    
    -
    
    452
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  452
  
  -
  
  457
  - Conclusion
    
    454
    
    -
    
    456
  - Key Terms
    
    456
    
    -
    
    456
  - Review & Discussion
    
    456
    
    -
    
    456
  - Unplugged
    
    456
    
    -
    
    457
  - Data Analysis
    
    457
    
    -
    
    459
+

12 City Spaces: Urban Structure

459

-

490
- +
  
  Spatial Patterns and Processes in North American Cities
  
  460
  
  -
  
  462
  - The Multi-Nodal City
    
    460
    
    -
    
    462
- +
  
  12.1 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Spatial Segregation
  
  462
  
  -
  
  468
  - The Polycentric Metropolis
    
    464
    
    -
    
    466
  - Problems of North American Cities
    
    466
    
    -
    
    468
- +
  
  12.2 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Detroit’s Open Geography: Problems and potential
  
  468
  
  -
  
  471
  - Urban Design and Planning
    
    470
    
    -
    
    471
- +
  
  European Cities
  
  471
  
  -
  
  474
  - Features of European Cities
    
    471
    
    -
    
    472
  - European Urban Design and Planning
    
    472
    
    -
    
    474
- Islamic Cities
  
  474
  
  -
  
  477
- +
  
  Cities of the Periphery: Dualism
  
  477
  
  -
  
  480
  - The Informal Economy
    
    477
    
    -
    
    479
  - Slums of Hope, Slums of Despair
    
    479
    
    -
    
    480
- 12.3 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Doha, Qatar
  
  480
  
  -
  
  483
- +
  
  12.4 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Garment Workers in Dhaka
  
  483
  
  -
  
  485
  - The Challenges of Growth
    
    484
    
    -
    
    485
- +
  
  Future Geographies
  
  485
  
  -
  
  489
  - Conclusion
    
    486
    
    -
    
    487
  - Key Terms
    
    487
    
    -
    
    488
  - Review & Discussion
    
    488
    
    -
    
    488
  - Unplugged
    
    488
    
    -
    
    489
  - Data Analysis
    
    489
    
    -
    
    490
+

Glossary

490

-

498
- A
  
  490
  
  -
  
  490
- B
  
  490
  
  -
  
  490
- C
  
  490
  
  -
  
  491
- D
  
  491
  
  -
  
  492
- E
  
  492
  
  -
  
  492
- F
  
  492
  
  -
  
  493
- G
  
  493
  
  -
  
  493
- H
  
  493
  
  -
  
  493
- I
  
  493
  
  -
  
  494
- J
  
  494
  
  -
  
  494
- K
  
  494
  
  -
  
  494
- L
  
  494
  
  -
  
  494
- M
  
  494
  
  -
  
  494
- N
  
  494
  
  -
  
  495
- O
  
  495
  
  -
  
  495
- P
  
  495
  
  -
  
  495
- Q
  
  495
  
  -
  
  495
- R
  
  495
  
  -
  
  496
- S
  
  496
  
  -
  
  496
- T
  
  496
  
  -
  
  497
- U
  
  497
  
  -
  
  497
- V
  
  497
  
  -
  
  497
- W
  
  497
  
  -
  
  497
- Y
  
  497
  
  -
  
  497
- Z
  
  497
  
  -
  
  498
Photo Credits

498

-

499
+

Index

499

-

508
- A
  
  499
  
  -
  
  499
- B
  
  499
  
  -
  
  500
- C
  
  500
  
  -
  
  501
- D
  
  501
  
  -
  
  501
- E
  
  501
  
  -
  
  502
- F
  
  502
  
  -
  
  502
- G
  
  502
  
  -
  
  503
- H
  
  503
  
  -
  
  503
- I
  
  503
  
  -
  
  504
- J
  
  504
  
  -
  
  504
- K
  
  504
  
  -
  
  504
- L
  
  504
  
  -
  
  504
- M
  
  504
  
  -
  
  505
- N
  
  505
  
  -
  
  505
- O
  
  505
  
  -
  
  505
- P
  
  505
  
  -
  
  506
- Q
  
  506
  
  -
  
  506
- R
  
  506
  
  -
  
  506
- S
  
  506
  
  -
  
  507
- T
  
  507
  
  -
  
  508
- U
  
  508
  
  -
  
  508
- V
  
  508
  
  -
  
  508
- W
  
  508
  
  -
  
  508
- Y
  
  508
  
  -
  
  508
- Z
  
  508
  
  -
  
  512

Human Geography

Places and Regions in Global Context, Global Edition

Zusammenfassung

For courses in Human Geography

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Über die Autoren

Paul L. Knox

Sallie A. Marston

Weitere Beiträge zur Thematik

Human Geography

Places and Regions in Global Context, Global Edition

Zusammenfassung

For courses in Human Geography

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Über die Autoren

Paul L. Knox

Sallie A. Marston

Weitere Beiträge zur Thematik

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