1. Introduction: community and conflict in South Asia-- 2. Building spheres of community: 1860s-1910s-- 3. Transforming spheres of community: the post First World War world-- 4. Nationalising spheres of community: anti-colonialism and religious politics-- 5. The 1940s, state transformation, community and conflict-- 6. National integrity and pluralism, 1947-1967-- 7. The decades of transformation: 1970s and 1980s-- 8. The resurgence of religious nationalism: 1990 to the present.