Adegbija, Efurosibina, 2001, Saving threatened languages in Africa: a case study of Oko, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 284–308
Ager, Dennis E., 1996, Language policy in Britain and France: the processes of policy. London and New York: Cassell
Ager, Dennis E., 1999, Identity, insecurity and image: France and language. Clevedon, England, Philadelphia and Adelaide: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Ager, Dennis E., 2001, Motivation in language planning and language policy. Clevedon, England and Buffalo, USA: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Ager, Dennis E., 2003, Ideology and image: Britain and language. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y., 2001, Language awareness and correct speech among the Tariana of Northwest Amazonia. Anthropological Linguistics 43 (4), 411–30
Alexandre, Pierre, 1963, Les problèmes linguistiques africains vus de Paris, in Spencer (ed.), pp. 53–69
Amara, Muhammad Hasan, and Mar'i, Abd Al-Rahman, 2002, Language education policy: the Arab minority in Israel. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishing
Annamalai, E., 1989, The linguistic and social dimensions of purism, in Björn Jernudd and Michael J. Shapiro (eds.), The politics of language purism (pp. 225–31). Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter
Annamalai, E., and Gnanasundaram, V., 2001, Andamanese: biological challenge for language reversal, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 309–22
Armstrong, Robert G., 1968, Language policies and language practices in West Africa, in Fishman, Ferguson and Das Gupta (eds.), pp. 227–36
Arutiunov, Sergei, 1998, Linguistic minorities in the Caucasus, in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 98–115
Aunger, Edmund A., 1993, Regional, national and official languages in Belgium. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 104, 31–48
Azurmendi, Maria-Josi, Bachoc, Erramun, and Zabaleta, Francisca, 2001, Reversing language shift: the case of Basque, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 234–59
Bachman, Ronald D. (ed.), 1989, Romania: a country study. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division Library of Congress
Bamgbose, Ayo, 2000, Language planning in West Africa. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 141, 101–18
Barbour, Stephen, 2000, Britain and Ireland: the varying significance of language for nationalism, in Barbour and Carmichael (eds.), pp. 18–43
Barbour, Stephen and Carmichael, Cathie (eds.), 2000, Language and nationalism in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Bartsch, Renate, 1987, Norms of language: theoretical and practical aspects. London and New York: Longman
Benton, Richard A., 1981, The flight of the Amokura: Oceanic languages and formal education in the Pacific. Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research
Benton, Richard A., and Benton, Nena, 2001, RLS in Aotearoa/New Zealand 1989–1999, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 422–49
Berry, Jack, 1958, The making of alphabets, in Eva Siversten (ed.), Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Linguistics (pp. 752–64). Oslo: Oslo University Press
Bilingual Education, United States Senate, 90th Congress, First Sess. 681 (1967)
Bilingual Education Programs, House of Representatives, 90th Congress, First Sess. 584 (1967)
Blommaert, Jan, 2001, The Asmara Declaration as a sociolinguistic problem: reflections on scholarship and linguistic rights. Journal of Sociolinguistics 5 (1), 131–42
Bloomfield, Leonard, 1935, Language. London: George Allen and Unwin
Bobbitt, Philip, 2002, The shield of Achilles: war, peace, and the course of history. London: Allen Lane, the Penguin Press
Boneva, Bonka, 1998, Ethnicity and the nation: the Bulgarian dilemma, in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 80–97
Bourdieu, Pierre, 1981, Structures, strategies, and habitus, in C. C. Lemert (ed.), French sociology, rupture, and renewal since 1968. New York: Columbia University Press
Bourdieu, Pierre, 1991, Language and symbolic power. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press
Bourdieu, Pierre 2001, Uniting to better dominate. Items and Issues 2 (3–4), 1–6
Bourhis, Richard Y., 2001, Reversing language shift in Quebec, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 101–41
Branson, Jan, and Miller, Don, 1998, Nationalism and the linguistic rights of deaf communities: linguistic imperialism and the recognition and development of sign languages. Journal of Sociolinguistics 2 (1), 3–34
Brecht, Richard D., and Rivers, William P., 2000, Language and national security in the 21st century: the role of the Title VI/Fulbright-Hays in supporting national language capacity. Dubuque, IA: Kendall-Hunt
Breitborde, Larry B., 1983, Levels of analysis in sociolinguistic explanation: bilingual code switching, social relations and domain theory. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 39, 5–43
Breton, Roland, 1991, The handicaps of language planning in Africa, in David F. Marshall (ed.), Language planning (vol. III of Focusschrift in honor of Joshua A. Fishman on the occasion of his 65th birthday, pp. 153–74). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins
Brisk, Maria Estela, 1998, Bilingual education: from compensatory to quality schooling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
Brosnahan, L. H., 1963, Some historical cases of language imposition, in Spencer (ed.), pp. 7–24
Bugarski, Ranko, 2001, Language, nationalism, and war in Yugoslavia. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 151, 69–87
Cabantous, Alain, 2002, Blasphemy: impious speech in the West from the 17th to the 19th century. New York: Columbia University Press
Caxton, William, 1490, Here fynyssheth the boke yf Eneydos, compyled by Vyrgyle, whiche hathe be translated oute of latyne in to frenshe, And oute of frenshe reduced in to Englysshe by me Wyllm Caxton. Westminster: William Caxton
Cebollero, Pedro Angel, 1945, A school language policy for Puerto Rico. San Juan de Puerto Rico: Impr. Baldrich
Cenoz, Jasone, 1998, Multilingual education in the Basque country, in Jasone Cenoz and Fred Genesee (eds.), Beyond bilingualism: multilingualism and multilingual education (pp. 175–91). Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Chaudenson, Robert, 1993, Research, politics, and ideology: the case of the Comité International des Etudes Créoles. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 102, 15–25
Chomsky, Noam, and Halle, Morris, 1968, The sound pattern of English. New York: Harper and Row
Chumbow, Beban Sammy, and Bobda, Augustin Simo, 1996, The life-cycle of post-imperial English in Cameroon, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 401–30
Chumbow, Beban Sammy, and Bobda, Augustin Simo, 2000, French in West Africa: a sociolinguistic perspective. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 141, 39–60
Clayton, Thomas, 1995, Restruction or resistance? Educational development in French colonial Cambodia. Educational Policy Analysis Archives 3 (19), 1–12
Clayton, Thomas, 1998, Building the new Cambodia: educational destruction and construction under the Khmer Rouge. History of Education Quarterly, 18, 145–57
Clayton, Thomas, 2002, Language choice in a nation under transition: the struggle between English and French in Cambodia. Language Policy 1 (1), 3–25
Clyne, Michael, 2001, Can the shift from immigrant languages be reversed in Australia? In Fishman (ed.), pp. 364–90
Coady, Maria, and Ó Laoire, Muiris, 2002, Mismatches in language policy and practice in education: the case of Gaelscoileanna in the Republic of Ireland. Language Policy 1 (2)
Conrad, Andrew W., 1996, The international role of English: the state of the discussion, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 13–36
Cooper, Robert L., 1984, The avoidance of androcentric generics. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 50, 5–20
Cooper, Robert L., 1989, Language planning and social change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Cooper, Robert L., 1991, Dreams of scripts: writing systems as gift of God, in Cooper and Spolsky (eds.), pp. 219–26
Cooper, Robert L. (ed.), 1982, Language spread: studies in diffusion and social change. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press
Cooper, Robert L., and Carpenter S., 1976, Language in the market, in M. L. Bender, J. D. Bowen, R. L. Cooper and C. A. Ferguson (eds.), Language in Ethiopia. London: Oxford University Press
Cooper, Robert L., and Spolsky, Bernard (eds.), 1991, The influence of language on culture and thought: essays in honor of Joshua A. Fishman's sixty-fifth birthday. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Corvalan, Graziella, 1988, Bilingualism in Paraguay, in Paulston (ed.), pp. 356–77
Coulmas, Florian, 1990, Language adaptation in Meiji Japan, in Brian Weinstein (ed.), Language policy and political development (pp. 69–86). Norwood, NJ: Ablex
Coulmas, Florian, 1991, The future of Chinese characters, in Cooper and Spolsky (eds.), pp. 227–43
Coulmas, Florian, 2003, Writing system: an introduction to their linguistic analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Covell, Maureen, 1993, Political conflict and constitutional engineering in Belgium. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 104, 65–86
Cowan, J. Milton, and Graves, Mortimer, 1944, A statement on intensive language instruction. Hispania, 27, 65–6
Crawford, James, 2000a, At war with diversity: US language policy in an age of anxiety. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Crawford, James, 2002b, Comment. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 155/156 93–9
Crawford, James, 2002c, Obituary: The Bilingual Education Act: 1968–2002, at http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCrawford/T7obit.htm
Crawford, James, 2002d, Section G: Programs for English language learners, in ESEA Implementation Guide (pp. G1–G6). Small Axe Educational Communications
Crowley, Tony, 2000, The language situation in Vanuatu. Current Issues in Language Planning 1 (1), 47–132
Crystal, David, 2000, Language death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
de Swaan, Abram, 1999, The language constellation of the European Union. Paper presented at the International status and use of national languages in Europe: contributions to a European language policy, Brussels
de Swaan, Abram, 2001, Words of the world: the global language system. Cambridge, UK and Malden, MA: Polity Press and Blackwell
Dittmar, Norbert, Spolsky, Bernard, and Walters, Joel, 2002, Convergence and divergence in second language acquisition and use: an examination of immigrant identities in Germany and Israel (Final scientific report No. Contract No. G-0500–157.04/96 GIF). Ramat-Gan and Berlin: Bar-Ilan University and Free University
Djité, Paulin G., 1992, The arabization of Algeria: linguistic and sociopolitical motivations. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 98, 15–28
Dornyei, Zoltan, and Csizer, Kate, 2002, Some dynamics of language attitudes and motivation: results of a longitudinal nationwide study. Applied Linguistics 23 (4), 421–62
Druviete, Ina, 1998, Republic of Latvia, in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 160–83
Dua, Hans Raj, 1996, The spread of English in India: politics of language conflict and language power, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 557–88
Dunayer, Joan, 2001, Animal equality: language and liberation. Derwood, MD: Ryce
Eisenstadt, S. N., 2000, The resurgence of religious movements in processes of globalisation – beyond end of history or clash of civilisations. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 2 (1)
Ennaji, Moha, 1997, The sociology of Berber: change and continuity. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 123, 23–40
European Commission, 2001a, 2001 Regular report on Estonia's progress towards accession (No. SEC (2001) 1747). Brussels: Commission of the European Communities
European Commission, 2001b, 2001 Regular report on Latvia's progress towards accession (No. SEC (2001) 1749). Brussels: Commission of the European Communities
Eurydice, 2000, The position of foreign language in European education systems 1999/2000, from http://www.eurydice.org/Documents/langues
Evans, Stephen, 2002, Macaulay's Minute revisited: colonial language policy in nineteenth-century India. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 23 (4), 260–81
Fasold, Ralph W., 2002, The importance of community. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 157, 85–92
Ferguson, Charles A., 1959, Diglossia. Word, 15, 325–40
Ferguson, Charles A., 1968, St. Stefan of Perm and applied linguistics, in Fishman, Ferguson and Das Gupta (eds.), pp. 253–65
Ferguson, Charles A., 1977, Sociolinguistic settings of language planning, in Rubin, Jernudd, Das Gupta, Fishman and Ferguson (eds.), pp. 9–29
Ferguson, Charles A., 1982, Religious factors in language spread, in Cooper (ed.), pp. 95–106
Fernando, Chitra, 1996, The post-imperial status of English in Sri Lanka 1940–1990: from first to second language, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 485–512
Fishman, Joshua A., 1967, Bilingualism with and without diglossia; diglossia with and without bilingualism. Journal of Social Issues 23 (2), 29–38
Fishman, Joshua A., 1969, National languages and languages of wider communication in the developing nations. Anthropological Linguistics, 11, 111–35
Fishman, Joshua A., 1971a, National languages and languages of wider communication in the developing nations, in W. H. Whiteley (ed.), Language use and social change: problems of multilingualism with special reference to Eastern Africa (pp. 27–56). London: Oxford University Press for the International African Institute
Fishman, Joshua A., 1971b, The politics of bilingual education, in James E. Alatis (ed.), Report of the Twenty-first Annual Georgetown Round Table Meeting of Languages and Linguistics (pp. 47–58). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
Fishman, Joshua A., 1972, Domains and the relationship between micro- and macrosociolinguistics, in John J. Gumperz and Dell Hymes (eds.), Directions in sociolinguistics (pp. 435–53). New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston
Fishman, Joshua A., 1977, Comparative study of language planning: Introducing a survey, in Rubin, Jernudd, Das Gupta, Fishman and Ferguson (eds.), pp. 31–9
Fishman, Joshua A., 1983, Modeling rationales in corpus planning: Modernity and tradition in images of the Good, in Juan Cobarrubias and Joshua A. Fishman (eds.), Progress in language planning: international perspectives (pp. 107–18). The Hague: Mouton
Fishman, Joshua A., 1989, Cross-polity perspective on the importance of linguistic heterogeneity as a “contributory factor” in civil strife, in Joshua A. Fishman (ed.), Language and ethnicity in minority sociolinguistic perspective (pp. 605–26). Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Fishman, Joshua A., 1991, Reversing language shift: theoretical and empirical foundations of assistance to threatened languages. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Fishman, Joshua A., 1995, On the limits of ethnolinguistic democracy, in Phillipson, Rannut and Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.), pp. 49–62
Fishman, Joshua A., 1996, Summary and interpretation: post-imperial English 1940–1990, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 623–42
Fishman, Joshua A. (ed.), 1966, Language loyalty in the United States: the maintenance and perpetuation of non-English mother tongues by American ethnic and religious groups. The Hague: Mouton
Fishman, Joshua A., 1977, Advances in the creation and revision of writing systems. The Hague and Paris: Mouton
Fishman, Joshua A., 2001, Can threatened languages be saved? Reversing language shift, Revisited: A 21st century perspective. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Fishman, Joshua A., Cooper, Robert L., and Conrad, A. W., 1977, The spread of English: the sociology of English as an additional language. Rowley, MA: Newbury House
Fishman, Joshua A., Cooper, Robert L., and Ma, Roxana, 1971, Bilingualism in the barrio. Bloomington, IN: Research Center for the Language Sciences, Indiana University
Fishman, Joshua A., Ferguson, Charles A., and Das Gupta, Jyotirinda, 1968, Language problems of developing nations. New York: Wiley
Fishman, Joshua A., Rubal-Lopez, Alma, and Conrad, Andrew W. (eds.), 1996, Post-imperial English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Fishman, Joshua A., Solano, Frank R., and McConnell, Grant D., 1991, A methodological check on three cross-polity studies of linguistic homogeneity/heterogeneity, in Mary E. McGroarty and Christian J. Faltis (eds.), Languages in school and society: policy and pedagogy (pp. 21–30). Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter
Fourie, David J., 1997, Educational language policy and the indigenous languages of Namibia. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 125, 29–42
Galtung, Johan, 1980, The true world: a transnational perspective. New York: Free Press
Garcia, Eugene E., 2002, Bilingualism and schooling in the United States. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 155/156 1–92
Garcia, Ofelia, Morin, Jose Luis, and Rivera, Klaudia M., 2001, How threatened is the Spanish of New York Puerto Ricans? Language shift with vaiven, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 44–73
Garvin, Paul, 1973, Some comments on language planning, in Joan Rubin and Roger Shuy (eds.), Language planning: current issues and research (pp. 24–73). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press
Geerts, G., Van den Broeck, J., and Verdoodt, Albert F., 1977, Successes and failures in Dutch spelling reform, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 179–245
Gibson, Heather, Small, Anita, and Mason, David, 1997, Deaf bilingual bicultural education, in Jim Cummins and David Corson (eds.), Encyclopedia of Language and Education (vol. 5), Bilingual Education, pp. 231–42). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
Glinert, Lewis, 1995, Inside the language planner's head: tactical responses to new immigrants. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 16 (5), 351–71
Goebel, Zane, 2002, Code choice in interethnic interactions in two urban neighbourhoods of Central Java, Indonesia. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 158, 69–87
Gogolin, I., 2001a, Linguistic habitus, in Raj Mesthrie (ed.), Concise encyclopedia of sociolinguistics (pp. 650–2). Amsterdam: Elsevier
Gogolin, I., 2001b, The linguistic marketplace, in Raj Mesthrie (ed.), Concise encyclopedia of sociolinguistics (pp. 612–13). Amsterdam: Elsevier
Gorter, Durk, 2001, A Frisian update of reversing language shift, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 215–34
Greenwood, J. D., 1994, Realism, identity, and emotion: reclaiming social psychology. London: Sage
Grenoble, Lenore A., 2003, Soviet language policy. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
Grimes, Barbara A. (ed.), 2000, Ethnologue: languages of the world (14th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International
Grin, François, 1995, Combining immigrant and autochthonous language rights: a territorial approach to multilingualism, in Phillipson, Rannut and Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.), pp. 31–49
Grin, François 2001, English an economic value: facts and fallacies. World Englishes 20 (1), 65–78
Groeneboer, Kees, 1998, Gateway to the West: the Dutch language in colonial Indonesia 1600–1850: A history of language policy (Myra Scholz, trans.). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
Gynan, Shaw N., 2001, Language planning and policy in Paraguay. Current Issues in Language Planning 2 (1), 1–52
Hale, Ken, 1991, On endangered languages and the safeguarding of diversity. Language 68 (1) 1–3
Hall, Robert A., 1950, Leave your language alone! Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
Harris, Judith Rich, 1995, Where is the child's environment? A group socialization theory of development. Psychological Review, 102, 458–89
Harshav, Benjamin, 1993, Language in time of revolution. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
Haugen, Einar, 1966a, Language conflict and language planning: the case of Modern Norwegian, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Haugen, Einar, 1966b, Linguistics and language planning, in William Bright (ed.), Sociolinguistics (pp. 50–71). The Hague: Mouton
Haugen, Einar, 1971, The ecology of language. The Linguistic Reporter Supplement, 25 19–26
Haugen, Einar, 1987, Blessings of Babel: bilingualism and language planning: problems and pleasures. Berlin, New York and Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter
Heller, Monica, 1999, Alternative ideologies of la francophonie. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3 (3), 336–59
Hennoste, Tiit, Keevallik, Leelo, and Pajusalu, Karl, 1999, Estonian sociolinguistics: introduction. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 139 1–16
Hernandez-Chavez, Eduardo, 1995, Language policy in the United States: a history of cultural genocide, in Phillipson, Rannut and Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.), pp. 135–40
High Commissioner on National Minorities, 1996, The Hague Recommendations on the Education Rights of National Minorities. The Hague: Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
High Commissioner on National Minorities, 1998, Oslo Recommendations on Linguistic Rights of National Minorities. The Hague: Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
High Commissioner on National Minorities, 1999, Report on the Linguistic Rights of Persons Belonging to National Minorities in the OSCE Area. The Hague: Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
Hoffman, Charlotte, 1998, Luxembourg and the European Schools, in Jasone Cenoz and Fred Genesee (eds.), Beyond bilingualism: multilingualism and multilingual education (pp. 143–74). Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Holm, Wayne, 1972, Some aspects of Navajo orthography. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
Holt, Sally, and Packer, John, 2001, OSCE developments and linguistic minorities. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 3 (2)
Hongkai, Sun, 1992, Language recognition and nationality. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 97 9–22
Hongxu, Huang, and Guisen, Tian, 1990, A sociolinguistic view of linguistic taboo in Chinese. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 81 63–86
Hornberger, Nancy H., 1999, Language education policy – Latin America, in Bernard Spolsky (ed.), Concise encyclopedia of educational linguistics (pp. 133–9). Amsterdam and New York: Elsevier
Hornberger, Nancy H., and King, Kendall A., 2001, Reversing language shift in South America, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 166–94
Horowitz, Donald L., 2001, The deadly ethnic riot. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
Hovens, Mart, 2002, Bilingual education in West Africa: does it work?International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 5 (5), 249–66
Howell, Robert B., 2000, The Low Countries: a study in sharply contrasting nationalism, in Barbour and Carmichael (eds.), pp. 130–50
Hunter, Melvin, 1991, Racist relics: an ugly blight on our botanical nomenclature. The Scientist 5 (23)
Hymes, Dell, 1967, Models of the interaction of language and social setting. Journal of Social Issues 23 (2), 8–38
Hymes, Dell, 1974, Foundations in sociolinguistics: an ethnographic approach. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press
Ivić, Pavle, 2001, Language planning in Serbia today. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 151 7–17
Jackendoff, Ray, 1983, Semantics and cognition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
Jernudd, Björn, 1995, Personal names and human rights, in Phillipson, Rannut and Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.), pp. 121–34
Jernudd, Björn, and Thuan, Elizabeth, 1983, Control of language through correction in speaking. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 44 71–97
Jones, John Paul, 2001, Constitution Finder, from http://confinder.richmond.edu
Jones, Mari C., 1998a, Death of a language, birth of an identity: Brittany and the Bretons. Language Problems and Language Planning 22 (2), 129–42
Jones, Mari C, 1998b, language obsolescence and revitalization: linguistic change in two sociolinguistically contrasting Welsh communities. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Jordan, Peter, 1998, Romania, in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 160–83
Judge, Anne, 2000, France: “One state, one nation, one language”? In Barbour and Carmichael (eds.), pp. 44–84
Kakava, Christina, 1997, Sociolinguistics and Modern Greek: past, current, and future directions. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 126 5–32
Kamwangamalu, Nkonko M., 2000, The new South Africa, language, and ethnicity: a prognosis. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 144 137–8
Kaplan, Robert B., and Baldauf, Richard B., 1997, Language planning from practice to theory. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Keefer, Louis E., 1988, Scholars in foxholes: the story of the Army Specialized Training Program in World War II. Jefferson, NC: McFarland
Kermode, Frank (2002).Zounds. London Review of Books, 24 19–20
Khubchandani, Lachman M., 1997, Language policy and education in the Indian subcontinent, in Ruth Wodak and David Corson (eds.), Encyclopedia of language and education (vol. 1: Language policy and political issues in education, pp. 179–87). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
Khubchandani, Lachman M., 2003, Defining mother tongue in plurilingual contexts
Kloss, Heinz, 1966, German-American language maintenance efforts, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 206–52
Kloss, Heinz, 1969, Research possibilities on group bilingualism: a report. Quebec: International Center for Research on Bilingualism
Kloss, Heinz, 1977, The American bilingual tradition. Rowley, MA: Newbury House Publishers
Kratz, E. E., 2001, Islam in Southeast Asia, in Sawyer and Simpson (eds.), pp. 65–6
Krauss, Michael, 1991, The world's languages in crisis. Language 68 (1), 4–10
Kroskrity, Paul V., 1998, Arizona Tewa Kiva speech as a manifestation of a dominant language ideology, in Bambi B. Schieffelin Kathryn A. Woolard and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.), Language ideologies: practice and theory (pp. 103–22). New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press
Kulick, Don, 1992, Language shift and cultural reproduction: socialization, self and syncretism in a Papua New Guinean village. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Labov, William, 1966, The social stratification of English in New York City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
Lakoff, Robin, 1973, Language and woman's place. Language in Society 2 (1), 45–80
Lambert, Richard D., 1994, Problems and processes in US foreign Language planning. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 532 47–58
Lambert, Richard D., 1999, A scaffolding for language policy. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 137 3–25
Lambert, Richard D., 2002, Review of Joshua A. Fishman. ‘Can threatened languages be saved?’, Language Policy 1 (1), 99–104
Landau, Jacob, and Kellner-Heinkele, Barbara, 2001, Politics of language in the Ex-Soviet Muslim states: Azerbaijan, Usbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. London and Ann Arbor, MI: C. Hurst & Co. and the University of Michigan Press
Lastra, Yolanda, 2001, Otomi language shift and some recent efforts to reverse it, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 142–65
Laut, Jens Peter, 2000, Das Türkische als Ursprache? Sprachwissenschaftliche Theorien in der Zeit des erwachenden türkischen Nationalismus. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz
Lee, Tiffany, and McLaughlin, Daniel, 2001, Reversing Navajo language shift, revisited, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 23–43
Lewis, E. Glyn, 1972, Multilingualism in the Soviet Union. The Hague: Mouton
Lewis, E. Glyn, 1980, Bilingualism and bilingual education: a comparative study. Albuquerque, NM and Oxford: University of New Mexico Press and Pergamon
Lewis, Geoffrey, 1999, The Turkish language reform: a catastrophic success. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Lo Bianco, Joseph, 1987, National policy on languages. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service
Lo Bianco, Joseph, and Rhydwen, Mari, 2001, Is the extinction of Australia's indigenous languages inevitable? in Fishman (ed.), pp. 391–422
Lucas, Ceil (ed.), 2001, The sociolinguistics of sign language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Macias, Reynaldo F., 1997, Bilingual workers and language-use rules in the workplace: a case study of nondiscriminatory language policy. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 127 53–70
Maher, John C., 2001, Akor Itak – our language, your language: Ainu in Japan, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 323–49
Malherbe, E. G., 1978, Bilingual education in the Republic of South Africa, in Bernard Spolsky and Robert L. Cooper (eds.), Case studies in bilingual education (pp. 167–202). Rowley, MA: Newbury House
Manase, Bernadette, Luaao, Elisapeta, and Fiamalua, Mataio, 1996, American Samoa Language Arts and Culture Program, in Gina H. Cantoni (ed.), Stabilizing indigenous languages (pp. 150–2). Flagstaff, AZ: Center for Excellence in Education, Northern Arizona University
Marshall, David F., 1986, The question of an official language: language rights and the English Language Amendment. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 60 7–75
Marshall, David F., 1990, Introduction: China as a linguistic area. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 81 9–13
Martin, Terry, 2002, The affirmative action empire: nations and nationalism in the Soviet Union 1923–1939. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
Matiki, Alfred J., 2001, The social significance of English in Malawi. World Englishes 20 (2), 201–18
McCarty, Teresa L., 1998, Schooling, resistance and American Indian Languages. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 132 27–41
McCarty, Teresa L. 2002, A place to be Navajo: Rough Rock and the struggle for self-determination in indigenous schooling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
McLean, Daryl, and McCormick, Kay, 1996, English in South Africa 1940–1996, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 303–38
McRae, K. D., 1975, The principle of territoriality and the principle of personality in multilingual states. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 4 33–54
Mehrotra, Raja Ram, 1993, The first congress of Hindi, in Joshua A. Fishman (ed.), The earliest stage of language planning: the “First Congress” phenomenon (pp. 117–27). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
Metz, Helen Chapin (ed.), 1994, Madagascar: country studies, Washington, DC: Federal Research Division Library of Congress
Misra, Udayon, 2000, Sub-national challenges to the Indian state: an Assamese perspective. Economic and Political Weekly, 1727–30
Mohanty, Panchanan, 2002, British language policies in 19th century India and the Oriya language movement. Language Policy 1 (1), 57–73
Mueller, Gerland, 2002, Rama Indian lands and the protection of Nicaragua's cultural and biological diversity. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Levin College of Law
Mufwene, Salikoko S., 2001, The ecology of language evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Murphy, Alexander B., 1993, Linguistic regionalism and the social construction of space in Belgium. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 104 49–64
Nahir, Moshe, 1988, Language planning and language acquisition: the “Great Leap” in the Hebrew revival, in Paulston (ed.), pp. 275–95
Nahir, Moshe, 1998, Micro language planning and the revival of Hebrew. Language in Society, 27 335–57
Nekvapil, J., and Neustupný, J. V., 1998, Linguistic minorities in the Czech Republic, in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 116–35
Nelde, Peter H., 1996, Language conflict, in Florian Coulmas (ed.), The handbook of sociolinguistics (pp. 285–300). Oxford: Blackwell
Nelde, Peter H., Labrie, Normand, and Williams, C. H., 1992, The principles of territoriality and personality in the solution of linguistic conflicts. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 13 387–406
Nettle, Daniel, 1999, Linguistic diversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Newman, Stanley, 1955, Vocabulary levels: Zuni sacred and slang usage. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, 11 345–54
Nic Shuibhne, Niamh, 2001, The European Union and minority language rights. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 3 (2)
Niedzielski, Nancy A., and Preston, Dennis R., 2000, Folk linguistics. Berlin: Mouton
Niño-Murcia, Mercedes, 2001, Late-stage standardization and language ideology in the Colombian press. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 149 119–44
Noro, Hiroko, 1990, Family and language maintenance: an exploratory study of Japanese language maintenance among children of postwar Japanese immigrants in Toronto. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 86 57–68
Nowak, Martin A., Komarova, Natalia L., and Niyogi, Partha, 2002, Computation and evolutionary aspects of language. Nature, 417 (6889), 611–17
Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia, 2000, The language situation in Botswana. Current Issues in Language Planning 1 (2), 243–300
Ó Laoire, Muiris, 1996, An historical perspective of the revival of Irish outside the Gaeltacht, 1880–1930, with reference to the revitalization of Hebrew, in Sue Wright (ed.), Language and state: revitalization and revival in Israel and Eire (pp. 51–75). Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Ó Laoire, Muiris, 1999, Athbheochan na heabhraise: ceacht don Ghaeilge? [Revival of Hebrew: example for Irish]. Baile Atha Cliath: An Clochohar Tta
Ó Murchú, Mairtin, 1977, Successes and failures in the modernization of Irish spelling, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 267–89
Ó Riagáin, Padraig, 1997, Language policy and social reproduction: Ireland 1893– 1993. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Ochs, Elinor, 1986, Introduction, in Bambi B. Shieffelin and Elinor Ochs (eds.), Language socialization across cultures (pp. 2–13). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Olson, Marie L., and Pearson, Frederic S., 2001, Policy-making and connections to violence: a case study of India, Working paper of the Program on Mediating Theory and Democratic Systems
O'Reilly, Camille C. (ed.), 2001, Ethnicity and state (vol. 2: Minority Languages in Eastern Europe Post-1989). Basingstoke, England: Palgrave
Oyama, Susan, 2000, Evolution's eye: a systems view of the biology–culture divide. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press
Ozolins, Uldis, 1996, Language policy and political reality. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 118 181–200
Pandit, Prabodh B., 1975, The Linguistic Survey of India – perspectives on language use, in Sirarpi Ohannessian, Charles A. Ferguson and Edgar C. Polomé (eds.), Language surveys in developing nations (pp. 71–85). Arlington, VA: Center for Applied Linguistics
Paul, Herman, 1909, Prinzipien der Sprachgeschichte (4th ed.). Halle: Max Niemeyer
Paulston, Christina Bratt, 1997, Language policies and language rights. Annual Review of Anthropology, 26 73–85
Paulston, Christina Bratt, 1998, Linguistic minorities in Central and East Europe: an introduction, in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 1–18
Paulston, Christina Bratt (ed.), 1988, International handbook of bilingualism and bilingual education. New York: Greenwood Press
Paulston, Christina Bratt and Donald Peckman (eds.), 1998, Linguistic minorities in Central and East Europe. Clevedon, England and Philadelphia, USA: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Pauwels, Anne, 1998, Women changing languages. New York: Addison Wesley Longman
Pavlenko, Aneta, 2002, “We have room for but one language here”: Language and national identity in the US at the turn of the 20th century. Multilingua 21 (2/3), 163–96
Pecos, Regis, and Blum-Martinez, Rebecca, 2001, The key to cultural survival: language planning and revitalization in the Pueblo de Cochiti, in Leanne Hinton and Ken Hale (eds.), The green book of language revitalization in practice (pp. 75–82). New York: Academic Press
Peicheng, Su, 2001, Digraphia: a strategy for Chinese characters for the twenty-first century. International journal of the sociology of language, 150 109–24
Pennycook, Alastair, 1998, English and the discourses of colonialism. London and New York: Routledge
Phillipson, Robert, 1992, Linguistic imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Phillipson, Robert, Rannut, Mart, and Skutnabb-Kangas Tove (eds.), 1995, Linguistic human rights: overcoming linguistic discrimination. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter
Phillipson, Robert, and Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove, 1995, Language rights in postcolonial Africa, in Phillipson, Rannut and Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.), pp. 335–46
Pickering, W. S. F., 2001, Blasphemy, in Sawyer and Simpson (2001), p. 240
Pitman, James, and St. John, John, 1969, Alphabets and reading. London: Pitman
Plaza, Pedro, and Albo, Xavier, 1989, Educación bilingūe y planificación lingūistíca en Bolivia. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 77 69–91
Poulton, Hugh, 1998, Linguistic minorities in the Balkans (Albania, Greece and the successor states of former Yugoslavia), in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 37–80
Pranjković, Ivo, 2001, The Croatian standard language and the Serbian standard language. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 147 31–50
Quirk, Randolph, and Stern, Gabrielle, 1990, English in use. London: Longman
Raag, Raimo, 1999, One plus one equals one: the forging of Standard Estonian. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 139 17–38
Rajagopalan, Kanavillill, 2002, National languages as flags of allegiance, or the linguistics that failed us: a close look at emergent linguistic chauvinism in Brazil. Journal of Language and Politics 1 (1), 115–47
Rannut, Mart, 1995, Beyond linguistic policy: the Soviet Union versus Estonia, in Phillipson, Rannut and Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.), pp. 179–208
Ricento, Thomas (ed.), 2001, Ideology, politics and language policies: focus on English. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins
Rodriguez, Cristina M., 2001, Accommodating linguistic difference: towards a comprehensive theory of language rights in the United States. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Review, 36 133–223
Rosier, Paul, and Holm, Wayne, 1980, The Rock Point experience: a longitudinal study of a Navajo school program. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics
Rubal-Lopez, Alma, 1996, The ongoing spread of English: a comparative analysis of former Anglo-American colonies with non-colonies, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 37–84
Rubin, Joan, 1968, National bilingualism in Paraguay. The Hague: Mouton
Rubin, Joan, Jernudd, Björn H., Das Gupta, Jyotirindra, Fishman, Joshua A. and Ferguson, Charles A. (eds.), 1977, Language planning processes. The Hague: Mouton
Ruiz, Vieytez, Eduardo, Javier, 2001, The protection of linguistic minorities: a historical approach. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 3 (1)
Sadeghi, Ali Ashraf, 2001, Language planning in Iran: a historical review. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 148 19–30
Sadiqi, Fatima, 1997, The place of Berber in Morocco. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 123, 7–22
Salmon, Vivian, 1999, Orthography and punctuation, in Roger Lass (ed.), The Cambridge history of the English language (vol. III: 1476 to 1776, pp. 13–55). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
Saulson, Scott B. (ed.), 1979, Institutionalized language planning. The Hague: Mouton
Sawyer, John F. A., 2001, General introduction, in Sawyer and Simpson (eds.), pp. 1–3
Sawyer, John F. A., and Simpson, J. M. Y. (eds.), 2001, Concise encyclopedia of language and religion. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, Shannon, Singapore, Tokyo: Elsevier
Schegloff, Emanuel, Jefferson, G., and Sacks, Harvey, 1977, The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation. Language 53 (2), 361–82
Schiffman, Harold E., 1996, Linguistic culture and language policy. London and New York: Routledge
Schlyter, Birgit N., 2001, Language policies in present-day Central Asia. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 3 (2)
Sealey, Alison, and Carter, Bob, 2001, Social categories and sociolinguistics: applying a realist approach. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 152 1–19
Searle, John R., 1995, The construction of social reality. London: Allen Lane
Shraybom Shivtiel, Shlomit, 1999, Language and political change in modern Egypt. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 137 131–40
Sibayan, Bonifacio, 1974, Language policy, language engineering and literacy in the Philippines, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 221–54
Sibayan, Bonifacio, and Gonzales, Andrew, 1996, Post-imperial English in the Philippines, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 139–72
Sims, Christine P., 2001, Native language planning: a pilot process in the Acoma Pueblo community, in Leanne Hinton and Ken Hale (eds.), The green book of language revitalization in practice (pp. 63–73). New York: Academic Press
Sirles, Craig A., 1999, Politics and Arabization: the evolution of post independence North Africa. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 137 115–30
Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove, 2002, Comment: (North) American ambiguities and paranoias. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 155/156 179–86
Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove, and Bucak, Sertal, 1995, Killing a mother tongue: how the Kurds are deprived of linguistic human rights, in Phillipson, Rannut and Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.), pp. 335–46
Spencer, John (ed.), 1963, Language in Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Spolsky, Bernard, 1974a, Linguistics and education: an overview, in Thomas A. Sebeok (ed.), Current Trends in Linguistics (vol. 13, pp. 2021–6). The Hague: Mouton
Spolsky, Bernard, 1974b, Navajo language maintenance: six-year-olds in 1969, in Frank Pialorsi (ed.), Teaching the bilingual (pp. 138–49). Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press
Spolsky, Bernard, 1975, Prospects for the survival of the Navajo language, in M. Dale Kinkade, Kenneth Hale and Oswald Werner (eds.), Linguistics and anthropology, in honor of C. F. Voegelin (pp. 597–606). Lisse: Peter de Ridder
Spolsky, Bernard, 1989, Conditions for second language learning: introduction to a general theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Spolsky, Bernard, 1995a, The impact of the Army Specialized Training Program: a reconsideration, in Guy Cook and Barbara Seidelhofer (eds.), For H. G. Widdowson: principles and practice in the study of language: a Festschrift on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday (pp. 323–34). Oxford: Oxford University Press
Spolsky, Bernard, 1995b, Measured words: the development of objective language testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Spolsky, Bernard, 2002a, Norms, native speakers and reversing language shift, in Sue Gass, Kathleen Bardovi-Harlig, Sally Sieloff Magnan and Joel Walz (eds.), Pedagogical norms for second and foreign language and teaching: studies in honour of Albert Valdman (pp. 41–58). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins
Spolsky, Bernard, 2002b, Prospects for the survival of the Navajo language: a reconsideration. Anthropology and Education Quarterly 33 (2), 1–24
Spolsky, Bernard, 2003, Reassessing Maori regeneration. Language in Society 32 (4)
Spolsky, Bernard, and Cooper, Robert L., 1991, The languages of Jerusalem. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Spolsky, Bernard, and Shohamy, Elana, 1999, The languages of Israel: policy, ideology and practice. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Spolsky, Bernard, and Shohamy, Elana, 2001, Hebrew after a century of RLS efforts, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 349–62
Spolsky, Ellen, 2001, Satisfying skepticism: embodied knowledge in the early modern world. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate
Spolsky, Ellen, and Schauber, Ellen, 1986, The bounds of interpretation: linguistic theory and literary text. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press
Srivastava, R. N., 1988, Societal bilingualism and bilingual education: a study of the Indian situation, in Paulston (ed.), pp. 247–74
Statistics New Zealand, 2001, Provisional report on the 2001 Survey on the Health of the Maori Language. Wellington: Statistics New Zealand for Te Puni Kokiri
Stewart, William, 1968, A sociolinguistic typology for describing national multilingualism, in Joshua A. Fishman (ed.), Readings in the sociology of language (pp. 531–45). The Hague: Mouton
Strubell, Miquel, 2001, Catalan a decade later, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 260–83
Tabouret-Keller, André, 1968, Sociological factors of language maintenance and language shift: a methodological approach based on European and African examples, in Fishman, Ferguson and Das Gupta (eds.), pp. 107–27
Thomas, Wayne P., and Collier, Virginia P., 2002, A national study of school effectiveness for language minority students' long-term academic achievement. Santa Cruz, CA: Center for Research on Education, Diversity and Education, University of Santa Cruz
Tickoo, Makham L., 1996, Fifty years of English in Singapore: all gains, (a) few losses? In Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 431–56
Tollefson, James W., 1997, Language policy in independent Slovenia. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 124 29–50
Trim, John L. M., 1959, Historical, descriptive and dynamic linguistics. Language and Speech, 2 9–25
Trim, John L. M., 2002, Review of Gabriella Hogan-Brun, national varieties of German outside Germany. Language Policy 2 (1)
Tsilevich, Boris, 2001, Development of the language legislation in the Baltic states. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 3 (2)
Tuominen, Anne, 1999, Who decides the home language? A look at multilingual families. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 140 59–76
Varennes, Fernand de, 1997, To speak or not to speak: the rights of persons belonging to linguistic minorities. Working paper: UN Sub-committee on the rights of minorities
Varennes, Fernand, 2001, Language rights as an integral part of human rights. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 3 (1)
Vavrus, Frances, 2002, Postcoloniality and English: exploring language policy and the politics of development in Tanzania. TESOL Quarterly 36 (3), 373–97
Venezky, Richard L., 1970, Principles for the design of practical writing systems, Anthropological Linguistics 12 (7), 256–70
Vikor, Lars S., 2000, Northern Europe: languages as prime markers of ethnic and national identity, in Barbour and Carmichael (eds.), pp. 105–29
Voegelin, Carl F., and Voegelin, Florence M., 1964, Languages of the world: Native American fascicle one. Anthropological Linguistics 6 (6), 2–45
Voegelin, Carl F., Voegelin, Florence M., and Schutz, Noel M. Jr, 1967, The language situation in Arizona as part of the South West cultural area, in Dell Hymes and W. E. Bittle (eds.), Studies in Southwestern ethnolinguistics (pp. 403–51). The Hague: Mouton
Votruba, Martin, 1998, Linguistic minorities in Slovakia, in Paulston and Peckman (eds.), pp. 224–54
Wallace, Mike, and Wray, Alison, 2002, The fall and rise of linguists in education policy-making: from “common-sense” to common ground. Language Policy 1 (1) 75–98
Watson-Gegeo, Katherine Anne, and Gegeo, David W., 1986, Calling out and repeating routines in Kwara'ae children's language socialization, in Bambi B. Shieffelin and Elinor Ochs (eds.), Language socialization across cultures (pp. 17–50). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Wee, Lionel, 2002, When English is not a mother tongue: linguistic ownership and the Eurasian community in Singapore. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 23 (4), 282–95
Weeks, Theodore R., 2002, Religion and russification: Russian language in the Catholic Churches of the “Northwest Provinces” after 1863. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 2 (1), 87–110
Weinstein, Brian, 1982, Noah Webster and the diffusion of linguistic innovations for political purposes. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 38 85–108
Weinstein, Brian, 1989, Francophonie: purism at the international level, in Björn Jernudd and Michael J. Shapiro (eds.), The politics of language purism (pp. 53–80). Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter
White, Dob, 1997, The position and roles of minority languages and their writing systems in China. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 97 47–57
Wilcox, Sherman, 1999, Deafness and sign language instruction, in Bernard Spolsky (ed.), Concise encyclopedia of educational linguistics (pp. 249–55). Amsterdam and New York: Elsevier
World Bank, 1993, Indigenous people in Latin America: human resources development and operations policy (HRO Dissemination Notes No. 8, June 7, 1993). Washington, DC: World Bank
Wright, Sue Ellen, 2001, Language and power: background to the debate on linguistic rights. MOST Journal of Multicultural Studies 3 (1)
Yahya-Othman, Saida, and Batibo, Herman, 1996, The swinging pendulum: English in Tanzania 1940–1990, in Fishman, Rubal-Lopez and Conrad (eds.), pp. 377–400
Yaowen, Zhou, 1992, News from China: minority languages in perspective. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 97 37–45
Youguang, Zhou, 1986, The modernization of the Chinese language. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 59 7–23
Young, Catherine, 2002, First language literacy: literacy education in a multilingual Philippine society. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 5 (4), 221–32
Young, Robert W., 1977, Written Navajo: a brief history, in Fishman (ed.), pp. 459–70
Zondag, Koen, 1987, “This morning the church presents comedy”: Some aspects of Frisian in the religious domain. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 64 71–80
