Introduction-- Part I. Witnessing Men's Bodies: Paradigms Old and New: 1. How to be a man in early modern Europe-- 2. The phallus: history and humour-- 3. Material culture in late medieval and early modern Europe-- Part II. Projecting Male Sex: Models and Metaphors: 4. Physiology and anatomy-- 5. Value and expenditure-- 6. Pleasure and the unequal two-seed theory-- 7. Fertility and beyond-- 8. Implements in action-- Conclusion.