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Part I Scientific, technological and societal achievements in Artificial Intelligence -- Introduction to Part I -- 1. Artificial intelligence: historical context and state of the art -- 2. The impact of language technologies in the legal domain -- 3. Societal implications of recommendation systems: a technical perspective -- 4. Data-driven approaches in healthcare: challenges and emerging trends -- 5. Security and privacy -- Part II. Ethical and legal challenges in Artificial Intelligence -- Introduction to Part II -- 1. Before and beyond Artificial Intelligence: opportunities and challenges -- 2. Autonomous and intelligent robots: social, legal and ethical issues -- 3. The ethical and legal challenges of recommender systems driven by Artificial Intelligence -- 4. Metacognition, accountability and legal personhood of AI -- 5. Artificial Intelligence and decision-making in health: risks and opportunities -- 6. The autonomous AI physician: medical ethics and legal liability -- 7. Ethical challenges of Artificial Intelligence in medicine and the triple semantic dimensions of algorithmic opacity with its repercussions to patient consent and medical liability -- Part III. The law, governance and regulation of Artificial Intelligence -- Introduction to Part III -- 1. Dismantling four myths in AI & EU Law through legal information ‘about’ reality -- 2. AI modelling of counterfactual thinking for judicial reasoning and governance of law -- 3. Judicial decision-making in the age of Artificial Intelligence -- 4. Liability for AI driven systems -- 5. Risks associated with the use of natural language generation: a Swiss civil liability law perspective -- 6. AI Instruments for risk of recidivism prediction and the possibility of criminal adjudication deprived of personal moral recognition standards – sparse notes from a layman -- 7. The relevance of deepfakes in the administration of criminal justice -- 8. Antitrust law and coordination through Al-based pricing technologies -- 9. The “Artificial Intelligence Act” proposal on European e-Justice domains through the lens of user-focused, user-friendly and effective judicial protection principles -- 10. The European Union’s approach to Artificial Intelligence and the challenge of financial systemic risk -- 11. Regulating AI: challenges and the way forward through regulatory sandboxes.
This open access book presents an interdisciplinary, multi-authored, edited collection of chapters on Artificial Intelligence (‘AI’) and the Law. AI technology has come to play a central role in the modern data economy. Through a combination of increased computing power, the growing availability of data and the advancement of algorithms, AI has now become an umbrella term for some of the most transformational technological breakthroughs of this age. The importance of AI stems from both the opportunities that it offers and the challenges that it entails. While AI applications hold the promise of economic growth and efficiency gains, they also create significant risks and uncertainty. The potential and perils of AI have thus come to dominate modern discussions of technology and ethics – and although AI was initially allowed to largely develop without guidelines or rules, few would deny that the law is set to play a fundamental role in shaping the future of AI. As the debate over AI is far from over, the need for rigorous analysis has never been greater. This book thus brings together contributors from different fields and backgrounds to explore how the law might provide answers to some of the most pressing questions raised by AI. An outcome of the Católica Research Centre for the Future of Law and its interdisciplinary working group on Law and Artificial Intelligence, it includes contributions by leading scholars in the fields of technology, ethics and the law. .
